Upper Limb Anatomy Quiz

Questions Answers
What is Hiltons Law? The nerve trunk supplying a muscle
also supplies the joint and the skin
overlying that joint.
The axillary artery is divided by
pectoralis major into 3 parts. What are
the arterial branches of each part?
1
st
: supreme thoracic artery
2
nd
: thoracoacromial artery, lateral
thoracic artery
3
rd
: subscapular artery, posterior
humeral circumflex artery
anterior circumflex artery.
What ventral primary rami form the
origin of the brachial plexus?
C5 to T1
Posterior cord of brachial plexus gives
off 3 branches in addition to axillary
and radial nerves, name them.
Upper subscapular nerve,
thoracodorsal nerve, lower
subscapular nerve.
What muscles do they innervate? Upper part of subscapularis,
Latissimus dorsi,lower part of
subscapularis and teres major.
Name the structures that pierce the
clavipectoral fascia
Cephalic Vein. Lateral Pectoral Nerve,
Thoracoacromial artery, lymphatics.
Name the muscles enclosed by the
clavipectoral fascia
Pectoralis major, subclavius
Name the rotator cuff muscles Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres
Minor, Subscapularis
Name the bones that help form the
apex of the axilla
Clavicle, first rib, scapula
Describe the lymphatic drainage of the
mammary gland
Medially: to opposite breast
Laterally: to axillary nodes
Describe the boundaries of the
deltopectoral triangle
Deltoid, pectoralis major, clavicle
From what direction is the axilla most
vulnerable to injury?
anterior
Manubriosternal joint marks which rib
level?
2
Medial pectoral nerve innervates
which muscles?
Pectoralis major + minor
What division of what trunk forms the
lateral chord of the brachial plexus?
Anterior division of the lower trunk
What division of what trunk form the
lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
Anterior division of the upper and
middle trunks
What division of what trunk forms the
posterior cord of the brachial plexus?
Posterior division of the upper, middle
and lower trunks
Name the origin, insertion and
innervation of the deltoid muscle.
O: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion
process and crest of scapular spine.
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N: axillary nerve
Winged scapula results from
disturbance of which nerve?
Long thoracic nerve
Name the origin, insertion and function
of teres minor
O: lateral border of scapula
I: Lowest facet of the greater tubercle
of the humerus
F: Laterally rotates and adducts the
arm
What passes above and below the
suprascapular ligament?
Above: suprascapular artery
Below: suprascapular nerve
Which nerve innervates the trapezius
muscle?
Spinal Accessory
Name the origin, insertion, innervation
and function of the infraspinatus
muscle
O: infraspinous fossa
I: middle facet of greater tubercle
N: Suprascapular nerve
F: Laterally rotates arm
Name the arteries that take part in the
extensive anastomoses in the scapular
region
Intercostal, Subscapular,
Suprascapular, Transverse cervical
Name the origins of the trapezius
muscle
Superior nuchal line, ligamentum
nuchae, spinous processes and
supraspinous ligaments of vertebrae
T1-12
What are the three major arterial
branches of the thyro-cervical trunk?
Suprascapular artery, transverse
cervical artery, inferior thyroid artery
Name the origin, insertion, innervation
and function of the latissimus dorsi
O: lumbar aponeurosis
I: Bicipital groove of humerus
N:Thoracodorsal nerve
F: medial rotation, adduction and
extension of humerus.
What are the five terminal nerves of
the brachial plexus?
Axillary, Median, Musculocutaneous,
Radial, Ulnar.
Name the origin, insertion and function
of the subscapularis muscle
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
F: medial rotation of arm
Which two major nerves traverse the
arm without giving off muscular
branches?
Medial and ulnar
Name the innervation of the flexor and
extensor brachial muscle groups.
Flexor: musculocutaneous nerve,
Extensor: radial nerve
Name the muscles comprising the
flexor and extensor brachial muscle
groups
Flexor: biceps brachii, brachialis,
coracobrachialis
Extensor: Triceps
What is the common insertion of the
triceps muscle?
Olecranon process of the ulna
Name the groove between the medial
and lateral heads of the triceps, name
Spiral groove, contains profunda
brachii artery and radial nerve.
the contents of this groove
Name the origins and insertion of
biceps brachii


O: short head = coracoid process, long
head = supraglenoid tubercle
I: radial tuberosity
What nerve provides cutaneous
innervation to the posterior arm and
forearm?
Radial
The axillary nerves innervates which
muscle?
Teres minor + deltoid
Which muscles flex the elbow joint? Brachialis, Biceps brachii,
Brachioradialis, pronator teres
Which muscles extend the elbow joint? Triceps, anconeus
Name the contents of the cubital fossa
from lateral to medial
Radial nerve, Deep branch of radial
nerve, biceps tendon, brachial artery,
median nerve.
What are the boundaries of the cubital
fossa?
Brachioradialis muscle, pronator teres
muscle, the line between the humeral
epicondyles.
Name the muscles originating from the
medial epicondyle of the humerus
Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis,
palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris,
flexor digitorum superficialis
Name the major flexor of the elbow
joint
Brachialis muscle
Name the muscles originating on the
lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor
carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum,
extensor digiti minimi, anconeus,
supinator
What ligament creates a gliding joint
between the humerus and radius in
addition to a pivot joint between ulnar
and radius?
Annular
Though the brachioradialis muscle is a
flexor at the elbow, which nerve
innervates it?
Radial
What muscles originate from the
supracondylar ridge of the humerus?
Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis
longus
What type of circulation prevents the
hazardous effects of brachial artery
occlusion at the elbow joint?
Collateral
Name the superficial forearm flexors Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis,
palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris
Which muscles pronate the forearm? Pronator teres, pronator quadratus
Name the muscle in the intermediate
group of forearm flexors
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Name the muscles in the deep group of
forearm flexors
Pronator quadratus, flexor pollicis
longus, flexor digitorum profundus
The deep radial nerve pierces what Supinator
muscle to supply the posterior forearm
muscles?
Which muscles perform supination of
the forearm?
Biceps brachii (mainly), supinator,
brachioradialis
What bony structure acts to deflect the
direction of the extensor pollicis longus
tendon?
Dorsal radial tubercle
In the forearm, the median nerve runs
in a plane between which 2 muscles?
Flexor digitorum superficialis and
flexor digitorum profundus
What artery passes through the
anatomical snuffbox?
Radial
Name the muscles of the deep group of
the extensor forearm region
Abductor pollicis longus, extensor
pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus,
extensor indicis, supinator
What is the common origin of most
muscles of the extensor compartment
of the forearm?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
What is the innervation of the forearm
flexor muscle and extensor muscles?
Flexors: ulnar and median nerves
Extensors: Radial nerve
Name the muscles of the forearm
innervated by the ulnar nerve.
Flexor digitorum profundus (one half),
flexor carpi ulnaris
Name the forearm artery that may be
mistaken for a vein
Ulnar (artery has a possible superficial
course)
Name the syndrome associated with
compression of the median nerve at
the wrist joint
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Which branch of the median nerve
does not traverse the carpal tunnel?
Palmar cutaneous branch
Name the tendinous borders of the
anatomical snuffbox
Lateral: abductor policis longus and
extensor policis brevis
Medial: extensor policis longus
What are the actions of the anconeus
muscle?
Abduction of the ulna during
pronation, extension of the elbow joint
What artery runs beside the deep
radial nerve in the posterior
compartment of the forearm?
Posterior interosseous
What arterial sources provide blood to
the dorsum of the hand?
Radial artery, dorsal carpal branch of
the ulnar
Name the bone serving as the common
origin of the hypothenar muscles and
name the muscle that inserts here
Pisiform,
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Name the eight carpal bones Scaphoid, Luneate, Triquetral,
Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid,
Capitate, Hamate
Name the extensors of the thumb Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor
pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis
Name the vascular structures in the
palm formed by the continuations of
Superficial palmar arch + Deep palmar
arch
the ulnar and radial arteries
The synovial sheaths of which digits
are separate from the common
synovial sheath of the palm?
2,3,4
What nerve is responsible for wrist
and thumb extension?
radial
Blood from the hand drains into the
dorsal venous arch which in turn
drains into which veins?
Laterally: Cephalic
Medially: Basilic
Which nerve is responsible for finger
abduction and adduction?
ulnar
The wrist joint is capable of which
movements?
Abduction, adduction, circumduction,
extension, flexion.
NOT capable of rotation
What are the origins and insertions of
the four lumbrical muscles?
O: Flexor digitorum profundus tendons
I: Lateral sides of extensor expansion
Name the muscles responsible for
index finger abduction and adduction.
Abduction: Dorsal interosseous
Adduction: Palmar interosseous
Name the marginal projections of the
carpal bones which allow attachment
of the flexor retinaculum
Medial: Pisiform and hook of hamate
Lateral: Tubercles of scaphoid and
trapezium
What muscles of the hand are
innervated by the median nerve?
Thenar group:
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens policis
First 2 lumbricals

Which muscles form the hypothenar
eminence and what is their
innervation?
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi
N: Ulnar nerve
Name the lumbrical muscles
innervated by the ulnar nerve
3rd and 4
th
Lumbricals
What nerve supplies the interossei
muscles?
Ulnar
Name the clinically important branch
of the median nerve associated with
the thenar muscle group
Recurrent branch
The radial artery pierces which
interosseous muscle?
First dorsal interosseous
Name the muscles primarily
responsible for the power of the pincer
grip
Flexor pollicis longus, opponens
pollicis, flexor digitorum profundus
The common interosseous artery is a
branch of what larger artery?
Ulnar.