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org
International Journal of Computer Science Engineering
and Information Technology Research (IJCSEITR)
ISSN(P): 2249-6831; ISSN(E): 2249-7943
Vol. 4, Issue 2, Apr 2014, 291-300
TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.

CLOUD BASED E-GOVERNANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
AWFA HASAN DAKHEEL
1
& P. STANLEY
2

1
M.Sc Student, Department of Computer Science and IT, SHIATS, Uttar Pradesh, India
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and IT, SHIATS, Uttar Pradesh, India
1
University of Babylon, Babel, Iraq

ABSTRACT
Storing the data in Cloud Servers is meant for accessing the services over the internet. The primary key factor of
depending on the cloud is to sustain the confidentiality of the data and to stop the unauthorized accessing. Cloud Servers
gives ease accessing, robustness and portability to the data. Even though so many encrypting algorithms were made to
secure the data but they are of limited functionality. In previous systems the data resides on the same machines of the
servers which reduce its portability of transferring of the data over the machines. Building A Secure Storage System which
can enhance the e-governance and the data management in the servers. We propose a system which can integrates the
encrypting, managing and alerting the user for each action performed and justifying the authorization.
KEYWORDS: E-Government, Cloud Computing, Cloud Storage, Cloud Management Systems
INTRODUCTION
The concept of e-government was first introduced in 1990s when public organizations were under pressure to use
modern information and communication technologies in order achieve the two objectives i.e. efficiency and effectiveness.
Today almost every county in the world is making good use of modern computing technologies in order to provide
governmental services to its citizens and businesses, and also to interact with other governments. [1]
One of the main aims of the government in providing the governmental services online is that citizens and
businesses can access these services around the clock. Thats why the e-government system should be accessible at any
time and from anywhere. Cloud computing is on the Internet therefore it is always available and consumers can access the
e-services 24/7 with just one PC and Internet connectivity [2].
E-Government applications usually require more secure and reliable authentication and identification
mechanisms. Cloud providers already start supporting such mechanism for their cloud services. Cloud applications are easy
to implement. Public services do not need to buy hardware or software licenses but just can use the IT infrastructure
(IaaS, PaaS, or SaaS) of the cloud service provider. Usually, cloud service providers offer some kind of APIs
(application programming interfaces), where individual cloud applications can be developed to. In general, cloud
computing enables the provisioning of IT services such as computing power or data storage just on demand. Additionally,
only those resources which have been effectively consumed are charged by a cloud service provider. [3].
Growing requirements of IT companies laid foundations to develop the Giant database servers, for fulfilling the
demands of millions of users the imagination of huge databases are put in to practice and they achieved cloud computing,
making the resources available on internet as an unified entity. With an increase in the uptake of cloud computing, business
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and government organizations are scrutinizing data centers to a higher degree in areas such as security, availability,
environmental impact and adherence to standards. Before Cloud Storages the data is used to be stored in traditional data
center storages which encompass huge computer rooms. Cloud based E-governance management system is an integrated
web application that handles various academic and non academic activities of a college/academic institute. The system can
access by every student/faculties/employees of the institution through internet connected computers or internet enabled
mobile devices with the aid of his username and password. A governance body is acting as an interface between the user
and the cloud servers. There will be encryption between the user and central server and between the central server and
cloud of servers. User details will be stored within the central server in the form of User ID etc and validation will be done
accordingly. [5]
COMPARISION WITH EARLIER SYSTEM
Early computer systems were complex to operate and maintain, and required a special environment in which to
operate. Many cables were necessary to connect all the components and methods to accommodate and organize these were
devised, such as standard racks to mount equipment, raised floors, and cable trays. The advantages of cloud computing are
easy access, robustness and portability of the data over the internet. With the support of cloud servers any E-governance
systems are safely done and can easily maintain. E-governance may include several electronic projects which are
complexly done manually such as the proposed system.
The manual process, receiving datas from students and staff details are done through manual records.
These records are entered in manual process. In this process will take long time, separate workers need to maintaining the
databases. All the college details are stored via separate databases. It will take long time due to this process time waste,
money waste etc.
The main objective of this system is to provide a user-friendly interface. The system, which is proposed, now
computerizes all the details that are maintained manually. The data is stored on the cloud servers for ease accessing of data
over the internet.
Once the details are fed into the computer there is no need for various persons to deal with separate sections.
The security can also be given as per the requirement of the user
Large volumes of data can be stored with case.
Maintenance of file is flexible.
Records stored are updated now and then.
Stored data and procedures can be easily edited.
Accurate calculations are made.
Less manpower required.
CLOUD COMPUTING STORAGE
Cloud Storage is a model of networked enterprise storage where data is stored in virtualized pools of storage
which are generally hosted by third parties. Hosting companies operate large data centers, and people who require their
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data to be hosted buy or lease storage capacity from them. The data center operators, in the background, virtualize the
resources according to the requirements of the customer and expose them as storage pools, which the customers can
themselves use to store files or data objects. [6]

Figure 1: Cloud Computing Sample Architecture [6]
Cloud computing is an internet based technology, being used widely nowadays to enable the end user to create
and use software without worrying about the execution of the technical information from anywhere at any time. Over the
network the resources are utilized and after computation these are delivered as services in cloud computing. Cloud storage
is a service for developers to store and access data in cloud. It deals with direct access to the storage and networking
resources. Data are stored in the cloud through hosted network services and also it offers the use of access control in it.
Cloud service provider will manage and control the cloud resources. Cloud service development encompasses services
such as Software as a service (Saas), Platform as a service (Paas) and Infrastructure as a service (Iaas) and deployment
models such as public cloud, private cloud and hybrid cloud. Using web browser protocols client-server works in cloud.
Client uses the client devices to access a cloud system via World Wide Web. Many independent storage servers are used in
the large scale distributed storage system like cloud. The benefits of the cloud storage are flexible with reduced cost and
they also manage the data loss risk and so on. Recently many work focus towards third party auditing and the remote
integrity checking, providing the data dynamics. Remote archive service is responsible for properly preserving the data.
The remote data integrity checking protocol detects the data corruption and misbehaving server in the cloud storage [7]
CLOUD COMPUTING AND E-GOVERNMENT
Cloud computing could be defined as a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared
pool of configurable computing resources (e.g networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction [4].
Cloud computing is penetrating many areas because of its advantages. High scalability, low maintenance efforts,
enormous cost savings potential, and several other benefits make cloud computing also interesting in e-Government.
Especially, the increasing tightness of governmental budgets can benefit from cloud computing adoption, as the amount of
IT expenditures could be decreased [8]. Saving costs in the governmental sector is essential. For instance, the aim of
decreasing costs for public services was similarly in their economic analysis of cloud computing for the public sector.
Particularly, they argue that public clouds have always higher cost benefits for public services compared to private clouds,
irrespective of the required amount of IT resources or the cloud size.

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Besides cost benefits, cloud computing has several further advantages for public services. [9] lists a couple of
advantages of cloud computing for the public sector. Based on these findings, we list the most important advantages of
cloud computing in the governmental sector:
Scalability.
Pay-as-you-go pricing model.
Easy implementation.
Low maintenance.
Availability.
One main advantage of cloud computing for public services is scalability. Depending on the e-Government
application, only resources, which are actually required, are consumed. This especially helps to absorb high load peeks of
applications (e.g e-Procurement, tendering, or election days), which may have higher access rates in a limited time period.
The flexible pricing model of clouds allows for just paying the very amount of IT resources, which effectively have been
consumed. This pay-as-you-go pricing model enables public services to save a lot of IT costs.
Cloud applications are easy to implement. Public services do not need to buy hardware or software licenses but
just can use the IT infrastructure (IaaS, PaaS, or SaaS) of the cloud service provider. Usually, cloud service providers offer
some kind of APIs (application programming interfaces), where individual cloud applications can be developed to.
The use of cloud services also lowers maintenance tasks. Patch or update management can be fully handled by the cloud
service provider, hence no manual maintenance tasks, e.g. for updating operating systems or installing security patches, are
required.
Finally, the use of clouds can increase availability of applications. Applications can be deployed in different cloud
data centers, distributed around the world. In case of a breakdown of one data center, the application may still continue
running in another cloud data center of the cloud provider
CLOUD MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
A cloud management system is a combination of software and technologies designed to manage cloud
environments. The industry has responded to the management challenges of cloud computing with cloud management
systems. At a minimum, a cloud management solution should be able to manage a pool of heterogeneous compute
resources, provide access to end users, monitor security, manage resource allocation and manage tracking. For composite
applications, cloud management solutions also encompass frameworks for workflow mapping and management.
Enterprises with large-scale cloud implementations may require more robust cloud management tools that include specific
characteristics, such as the ability to manage multiple platforms from a single point of reference, include intelligent
analytics to automate processes like application lifecycle management. And high-end cloud management tools should also
be able to handle system failures automatically with capabilities such as self-monitoring, an explicit notification
mechanism, and include failover and self-healing capabilities. [10]

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SYSTEMDESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
Practically all use of database occurs from within application programs. The most common away in which users
interacts with databases is through an application program that provides a user interface at the front end, and interfaces
with a database at the backend. Such application take input from users, typically thought a forms-based interface, and
either enter data into a database or extract information from a database based on the user input, and generate output, which
is displayed to the user.
Middle layer between front end and backend which contain business logic that is code that executes specific
request for information or updates ,enforcing rules of business such as what Actions should be carried out to execute a
given task or who can carry out what task. Web browser provides the front end for user interaction, application programs
constitute the back end. typically request from a browser are sent to web server, which in turn executes an application
program to process the request .the application program typically communicates with database server, through ODBC,
JDBC, or other protocols[11].A web application is defined as an application that can be accessed through the internet by
using a web protocol such as (HTTP),by a client application such as web browser ,web application can be developed by
using different technologies such as java servlet [12]. Cloud based E-government management system is an integrated web
application that handles various academic and non academic activities of a college/academic institute. A governance body
is acting as an interface between the user and the cloud servers. Every user will have a customized home page with his/her
profile management facilities. Through links that displays in the home page the user can access different options of the
website assigned to him. A self driven module in the system will accomplish the automated tasks such as Email Alerts and
Notifications to the administrator etc.
System Process Model
To solve actual problems in an industry setting, a software engineer or a team of engineers must incorporate a
development strategy that encompasses that process, methods, and tools. This strategy is often referred to as process model
or a software engineering paradigm. A process model for software engineering is chosen based on the nature of the project
and application, the methods and tools to be used and the controls and the deliverables that are required. So, the system
application is based on the Object Oriented Approach. In this model we design the UML diagrams like Use case.
Identification of Actors
Actor: Actor represents the role a user plays with respect to the system. An actor interacts with, but has no control
over the use cases. An actor is someone or something that:
Interacts with or uses the system.
Provides input to and receives information from the system.
Is external to the system and has no control over the use cases.
The actors identified in this system are:
Admin.
College Admin.
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Impact Factor (JCC): 6.8785 Index Copernicus Value (ICV): 3.0
Staff member.
Student.
Admin: He is the one who uses the system to govern everything in the project and he can manage the Colleges
involving in affiliation of the particular university. He will schedule the notification for exams.
College Admin: He is the one who controls overall operations of the staff and students. He is responsible for
sending email alerts to the students/staff when their accounts are created .He integrates with the database for the stored
information.
Staff Member: Staff Member is an actor such as lecturer in the college. There are no special duties involving this
user except contacting the students and the other faculty.
Student: Student can login in to his account and he has option to view marks and update his profile and
contacting to other students.
Identification of Use Cases
Use Case: A use case can be described as a specific way of using the system from a users (actors) perspective.
Use cases are best discovered by examining the actors and defining what the actor will be able to do with the system.

Figure 2: Use Case Diagram of the System
System Application
In order the Cloud based E-government management system it is an integrated web application and it is designed
to access as we shown in figure 2 by the Admin/student/college admin/Staff Member of the system through internet
connected computers or internet enabled mobile devices with the aid of his username and password. User details will be
stored within the central server in the form of User ID etc and validation will be done accordingly.
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Figure 3: Admin Login Activity Diagram
Every systems actors will have a customized home page with his/her profile management facilities.
Through links that displays in the home page the user can access different options of the website assigned to him.
The functional requirement in this system is to enrollment of a College into the forum like Registration- Enroll the College
to use current system. To Provisioning the Criteria for Registration College name, College Code, emailed, Address,
(add colleges) as show in figure 4 below

Figure 4: Admin Add New College Page
And Gives notifications to users for every Activity like: password must be numeric and alphabets and Queries:
Is it free registration?. Maintaining details of colleges (manage collage, Search College). Maintaining details of Students,
Staff and College admin. Storing the notifications in the database by the admin and making them visible. Updating status
of the users Sending Alerts to particular users

Figure 5: Viewing Exam Notification Page by Admin
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Impact Factor (JCC): 6.8785 Index Copernicus Value (ICV): 3.0

Figure 6: College Admin Update Exams Results Page
CONCLUSIONS
Cloud based E-governence management system is to provide a user-friendly interface. By this system, now
computerizes all the details that are maintained manually. The data is stored on the cloud servers for ease accessing of data
over the internet. The advantages of cloud computing are easy access, robustness and portability of the data over the
internet. With the support of cloud servers any E-governance systems are safely done and can easily maintain.
A governance body is acting as an interface between the user and the cloud servers. Actors details will be stored in the
server in the form of User ID etc and validation will be done accordingly. Once the details are fed into the computer there
is no need for various persons to deal with separate sections. Before Cloud Storages the data is used to be stored in
traditional data center storages which encompass huge computer rooms. Building A Secure Storage System which can
enhance the e-governance and the data management in the servers
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AUTHORS DETAILS

Mrs AwfaHasanDakheel, Master in Computer Science, SHIATS, Allahabad, India.
From: Babel, Iraq
,
University of Babylon

Mr P. Stanley, Assistant Professor, SHIATS, Allahabad, India
Exp: 12 yrs.