NS-3 Simulator Basics

NS-3 is a network simulator

Developed for network research and education

Developed after ns-2

ns-3 is written in C++

Bindings in Pthon

ns-3 uses the waf !uild sstem

simulation programs are C++ e"ecuta!les or

pthon scripts

#eatures

$t it a discrete event simulator

%odular design & 'pen source

(ctivel developed )Contrast NS-2*

Developed in C+++ Pthon !inding availa!le+

,ive visuali-er

,ogging facilit for de!ugging

.racing facilit fo getting output

Can !e connected to a real network

Direct Code /"ecution )DC/*

Discrete /vent Simulator

Simulation time moves discretel from event to

event

Schedule events to occur at specific simulation

times

( simulation scheduler orders the event e"ecution

Simulator e"ecute events one ! one

Simulation stops at specific time or when events

end

$nstallation

Primar site www+nsnam+org

,atest release 3+01

date-driven schedules

3-2 months ccle

Source download link3-

https3&&www+nsnam+org&release&ns-allinone-3+01+tar+!-2

Documentation download link3-

http3&&www+nsnam+org&ns-3-01&documentation

http3&&www+nsnam+org&docs&release&3+01&tutorial&n
s-3-tutorial+pdf

$nstallation

Download the source tar file

/"tract the tar file )( tour of src tree*

$nstall c++4 pthon

#rom command line

5cd nsallinone-3+01
5+&!uild+p --ena!le-e"amples 6ena!le-tests

7af3 ,eaving director

8&path&to&workspace&ns-allinone-3+01&ns-3+01&!uil
d9 9!uild9 finished successfull ):m2;+<32s*

$nstallation

$f using =!untu or De!ian4 there is a package

named ns3+ $nstall this package+ >ou ma need
additional packages+ Serach ns3 in Snaptic
package manager and install ns34 li!ns3-34
li!ns3-dev4 ns3-doc4 pthon-ns3

'ther packages ma !e re?uired for additional

features

@un a Script
.o test the installation cop one e"ample
availa!le in the distri!ution to scratch director
and !uild and run the same using the commands
!elow3 -
5cd ns-3+01
5cp e"amples&tutorial&first+cc scratch&first0+cc
5waf 6run first0

'utput
7af3 /ntering director
A&home&a!hiBit&workspace&ns-allinone-3+01&ns-3+01&!uildC
7af3 ,eaving director
A&home&a!hiBit&workspace&ns-allinone-3+01&ns-3+01&!uildC
C!uildC finished successfull )0+<<:s*
(t time 2s client sent 0<22 !tes to 0<+0+0+2 port D
(t time 2+<<3:Ds server received 0<22 !tes from 0<+0+0+0 port
2D0;3
(t time 2+<<3:Ds server sent 0<22 !tes to 0<+0+0+0 port 2D0;3
(t time 2+<<E3Es client received 0<22 !tes from 0<+0+0+2 port D

'rgani-ation
Fe (!stractions3 -

Node

(pplication

Net device

Channel
Corresponding to these a!stractions there are
modules ).here are other modules for other
functionalities*

%odules
Different entities are implemented in different
modules+ /ach modules has C(ttri!utesC+
#unctionalities of modules are provided !
different C++ mem!er functions+ .here is helper
(P$ availa!le with each module+ .hese helper
methods makes programming easier+ ,ow level
(P$ can still !e used+

$t is eas e"tend module to add new

features&functionalities

$t is eas to add new module

Structure of NS-3 script
#or simulation4 we need to write a simulation
script which is a C++ program+ .o this program
the ns-3 li!rar is linked to !uild our simulation
e"ecuti!le+ (P$ calls are used in the program
to do the necessar simulation+ .he waf !uild
sstem is used to !uild the simulation+

Steps in writing scripts

$nclude necessar files

=se appropriate name space

Set simulation time resolution)'ptional*

/na!le logging for different modules)'ptional*

Create nodes

Create net devices with %(C and PG>

(ttach Net devices to nodes and set

interconnections

Steps in writing scripts

$nstall protocol stack in nodes

Set network address for interfaces

Setup routing

$nstall applications in nodes

Setup tracing

Set application start and stop time

Set simulation start time

@un simulation

@elease resources at end of simulation

/"ample
( simple point-to-point link connecting two
hosts+ ( client application is instaled in one and
a server application in the other+
Hinclude Ins3&core-module+hI
Hinclude Ins3&network-module+hI
Hinclude Ins3&internet-module+hI
Hinclude Ins3&point-to-point-module+hI
Hinclude Ins3&applications-module+hI
using namespace ns3J

/"ample
$nt main )int argc4 char KargvLM* N
.ime33Set@esolution ).ime33NS*J
,ogComponent/na!le )I=dp/choClient(pplicationI4
,'OP,/Q/,P$N#'*J
,ogComponent/na!le )I=dp/choServer(pplicationI4
,'OP,/Q/,P$N#'*J

/"ample
NodeContainer nodesJ
nodes+Create )2*J
Point.oPointGelper point.oPointJ
point.oPoint+SetDevice(ttri!ute )IData@ateI4
StringQalue )I;%!psI**J
point.oPoint+SetChannel(ttri!ute)IDelaI4
StringQalue )I2msI**J
NetDeviceContainer devicesJ
devices R point.oPoint+$nstall )nodes*J

/"ample
$nternetStackGelper stackJ
stack+$nstall )nodes*J
$pv2(ddressGelper addressJ
address+SetBase )I0<+0+0+<I4 I2;;+2;;+2;;+<I*J
$pv2$nterfaceContainer interfaces R
address+(ssign )devices*J

/"ample
=dp/choServerGelper echoServer )D*J
(pplicationContainer server(pps R
echoServer+$nstall )nodes+Oet )0**J
server(pps+Start )Seconds )0+<**J
server(pps+Stop )Seconds )0<+<**J

/"ample
=dp/choClientGelper echoClient )interfaces+Oet(ddress )0*4 D*J
echoClient+Set(ttri!ute )I%a"PacketsI4 =integerQalue )0**J
echoClient+Set(ttri!ute )I$ntervalI4 .imeQalue )Seconds )0+<***J
echoClient+Set(ttri!ute )IPacketSi-eI4 =integerQalue )0<22**J
(pplicationContainer client(pps R echoClient+$nstall )nodes+Oet )<**J
client(pps+Start )Seconds )2+<**J
client(pps+Stop )Seconds )0<+<**J

/"ample
Simulator33@un )*J
Simulator33Destro )*J
return <J
S

Conversion
Conversion: -
(Serialize De serialize, refcount)
StringValue IntegerValue UintegerValue
BooleanValue PointerValue TimeValue
numValue !""ressValue I#v$!""ressValue
I#v$%as&Value %ac'(!""ressValue
%ac$)!""ressValue

,ist of %odules
(odv applications !ridge click
Config-store core csma
csma-laout dsdv /mu energ
flow-monitor internet
,te mesh mo!ilit mpi
netanim network

,ist of %odules
Ni"-vector-routing ns3tcp ns3wifi
olsr openflow point-to-point
point-to-point-laout propagation
spectrum stats tap-!ridge test
tools topolog-read uan
virtual-net-device visuali-er
wifi wima"

Net Devices

(lohaNoackNetDevice

Point.oPoint

Bridge

Csma

7ifi

7i%a"

BaseStationNetDevice

Su!scri!erStation

'pen#lowSwitch

,oopBack

Simple

Net Devices

Qirtual )for tunneling*

/mu )/mulator net device4 deprecated*

#d )#ile descriptor*

.ap

=an )=nderwater (coustic*

,te ),ong .erm /volution*

#ake

NonCommunicating

/rror

(pplications
!ulk-send )sends data as fast as possi!le*
on-off )'n 'ff pattern*
packet-sink
udp-server )@eceives =DP packets*
udp-client )=DP packet with se? no and time stamp*
udp-echo-server
udp-echo-client
v2ping )sends one $C%P /CG' re?uest4 reports the @..*
ping:
radv)@outer advertisement daemon*

@outing protocols

I#v$Static*outing (unicast an" multicast)

IPv$ +#timize" ,in& State *outing (+,S*)

IPv$ !" -oc +n Deman" Distance Vector

(!+DV)

IPv$ Destination Se.uence" Distance

Vector (DSDV)

Dnamic Source @outing )DS@*

@outing protocols

#v$,ist*outing (use" to store a #rioritize"

list of routing #rotocols)

I#v$/lo0al*outing (use" to store routes

com#ute" 01 t2e glo0al route manager)

I#v$3i4Vector*outing (a more efficient

version of glo0al routing)

I#v(,ist*outing (use" to store a #rioritize"

list of routing #rotocols)

I#v(Static*outing

/"ample 2
0<+0+0+<
n< -------------- n0 n2 n3 n2
point-to-point T T T T
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR
,(N 0<+0+2+<

int main )int argc4 char KargvLM* N
!ool ver!ose R trueJ
uint32Pt nCsma R 3J
Command,ine cmdJ
cmd+(ddQalue )InCsmaI4 INum!er of I4 nCsma*J
cmd+(ddQalue )Iver!oseI4 I,og if trueI4 ver!ose*J
cmd+Parse )argc4argv*J
nCsma R nCsma RR < U 0 3 nCsmaJ
&& +&waf --run Isecond --nCsmaR3I

NodeContainer p2pNodesJ
p2pNodes+Create )2*J
NodeContainer csmaNodesJ
csmaNodes+(dd )p2pNodes+Oet )0**J
csmaNodes+Create )nCsma*J
Point.oPointGelper point.oPointJ
point.oPoint+SetDevice(ttri!ute
)IData@ateI4 StringQalue )I;%!psI**J
point.oPoint+SetChannel(ttri!ute
)IDelaI4 StringQalue )I2msI**J
NetDeviceContainer p2pDevicesJ
p2pDevices R point.oPoint+$nstall )p2pNodes*J

CsmaGelper csmaJ
csma+SetChannel(ttri!ute
)IData@ateI4 StringQalue )I0<<%!psI**J
csma+SetChannel(ttri!ute
)IDelaI4 .imeQalue )NanoSeconds ):;:<***J
NetDeviceContainer csmaDevicesJ
csmaDevices R csma+$nstall )csmaNodes*J
$nternetStackGelper stackJ
stack+$nstall )p2pNodes+Oet )<**J
stack+$nstall )csmaNodes*J

$pv2(ddressGelper addressJ
address+SetBase )I0<+0+0+<I4 I2;;+2;;+2;;+<I*J
$pv2$nterfaceContainer p2p$nterfacesJ
p2p$nterfaces R address+(ssign )p2pDevices*J
address+SetBase )I0<+0+2+<I4 I2;;+2;;+2;;+<I*J
$pv2$nterfaceContainer csma$nterfacesJ
csma$nterfaces R address+(ssign)csmaDevices*J

=dp/choServerGelper echoServer )D*J
(pplicationContainer server(pps R
echoServer+$nstall )csmaNodes+Oet )nCsma**J
server(pps+Start )Seconds )0+<**J
server(pps+Stop )Seconds )0<+<**J

=dp/choClientGelper echoClient
)csma$nterfaces+Oet(ddress )nCsma*4 D*J
echoClient+Set(ttri!ute
)I%a"PacketsI4 =integerQalue )0**J
echoClient+Set(ttri!ute
)I$ntervalI4 .imeQalue )Seconds )0+<***J
echoClient+Set(ttri!ute
)IPacketSi-eI4 =integerQalue )0<22**J
(pplicationContainer client(pps R
echoClient+$nstall )p2pNodes+Oet )<**J
client(pps+Start )Seconds )2+<**J
client(pps+Stop )Seconds )0<+<**J

$pv2Olo!al@outingGelper33
Populate@outing.a!les )*J
point.oPoint+/na!lePcap(ll )IsecondI*J
csma+/na!lePcap
)IsecondI4 csmaDevices+Oet )0*4 true*J
Simulator33@un )*J
Simulator33Destro )*J
return <J
S

/"ample 3
7ifi 0<+0+3+<
(P
K K K K
T T T T 0<+0+0+<
n; n: nE n< -------------- n0 n2 n3 n2
point-to-point T T T T
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR
,(N 0<+0+2+<

NodeContainer p2pNodesJ
p2pNodes+Create )2*J
Point.oPointGelper point.oPointJ
point.oPoint+SetDevice(ttri!ute )IData@ateI4
StringQalue )I;%!psI**J
point.oPoint+SetChannel(ttri!ute )IDelaI4
StringQalue )I2msI**J
NetDeviceContainer p2pDevicesJ
p2pDevices R point.oPoint+$nstall )p2pNodes*J

NodeContainer csmaNodesJ
csmaNodes+(dd )p2pNodes+Oet )0**J
csmaNodes+Create )nCsma*J
CsmaGelper csmaJ
csma+SetChannel(ttri!ute
)IData@ateI4 StringQalue )I0<<%!psI**J
csma+SetChannel(ttri!ute
)IDelaI4 .imeQalue )NanoSeconds ):;:<***J
NetDeviceContainer csmaDevicesJ
csmaDevices R csma+$nstall )csmaNodes*J

NodeContainer wifiStaNodesJ
wifiStaNodes+Create )n7ifi*J
NodeContainer wifi(pNode R p2pNodes+Oet )<*J
>ans7ifiChannelGelper channel R
>ans7ifiChannelGelper33Default )*J
>ans7ifiPhGelper ph R >ans7ifiPhGelper33Default )*J
ph+SetChannel )channel+Create )**J
7ifiGelper wifi R 7ifiGelper33Default )*J
wifi+Set@emoteStation%anager )Ins333(arf7ifi%anagerI*J
N?os7ifi%acGelper mac R N?os7ifi%acGelper33Default )*J

Ssid ssid R Ssid )Ins-3-ssidI*J
mac+Set.pe )Ins333Sta7ifi%acI4
ISsidI4 SsidQalue )ssid*4
I(ctivePro!ingI4 BooleanQalue )false**J
NetDeviceContainer staDevicesJ
staDevices R wifi+$nstall )ph4 mac4 wifiStaNodes*J
mac+Set.pe )Ins333(p7ifi%acI4
ISsidI4 SsidQalue )ssid**J
NetDeviceContainer apDevicesJ
apDevices R wifi+$nstall )ph4 mac4 wifi(pNode*J

%o!ilitGelper mo!ilitJ
mo!ilit+SetPosition(llocator )Ins333OridPosition(llocatorI4
I%inVI4 Dou!leQalue )<+<*4
I%in>I4 Dou!leQalue )<+<*4
IDeltaVI4 Dou!leQalue );+<*4
IDelta>I4 Dou!leQalue )0<+<*4
IOrid7idthI4 =integerQalue )3*4
I,aout.peI4 StringQalue )I@ow#irstI**J
mo!ilit+Set%o!ilit%odel )Ins333@andom7alk2d%o!ilit%odelI4
IBoundsI4 @ectangleQalue )@ectangle )-;<4 ;<4 -;<4 ;<***J
mo!ilit+$nstall )wifiStaNodes*J
mo!ilit+Set%o!ilit%odel )Ins333ConstantPosition%o!ilit%odelI*J
mo!ilit+$nstall )wifi(pNode*J

$nternetStackGelper stackJ
stack+$nstall )csmaNodes*J stack+$nstall )wifi(pNode*J
stack+$nstall )wifiStaNodes*J
$pv2(ddressGelper addressJ
address+SetBase )I0<+0+0+<I4 I2;;+2;;+2;;+<I*J
$pv2$nterfaceContainer p2p$nterfacesJ
p2p$nterfaces R address+(ssign )p2pDevices*J
address+SetBase )I0<+0+2+<I4 I2;;+2;;+2;;+<I*J
$pv2$nterfaceContainer csma$nterfacesJ
csma$nterfaces R address+(ssign )csmaDevices*J
address+SetBase )I0<+0+3+<I4 I2;;+2;;+2;;+<I*J
address+(ssign )staDevices*J address+(ssign )apDevices*J

=dp/choServerGelper echoServer )D*J
(pplicationContainer server(pps R
echoServer+$nstall )csmaNodes+Oet )nCsma**J
server(pps+Start )Seconds )0+<**J
server(pps+Stop )Seconds )0<+<**J
=dp/choClientGelper echoClient
)csma$nterfaces+Oet(ddress )nCsma*4 D*J
echoClient+Set(ttri!ute )I%a"PacketsI4 =integerQalue )0**J
echoClient+Set(ttri!ute )I$ntervalI4 .imeQalue )Seconds )0+<***J
echoClient+Set(ttri!ute )IPacketSi-eI4 =integerQalue )0<22**J
(pplicationContainer client(pps R
echoClient+$nstall )wifiStaNodes+Oet )n7ifi - 0**J
client(pps+Start )Seconds )2+<**J client(pps+Stop )Seconds )0<+<**J

$pv2Olo!al@outingGelper33Populate@outing.a!les )*J
Simulator33Stop )Seconds )0<+<**J
point.oPoint+/na!lePcap(ll )IthirdI*J
ph+/na!lePcap )IthirdI4 apDevices+Oet )<**J
csma+/na!lePcap )IthirdI4 csmaDevices+Oet )<*4 true*J
Simulator33@un )*J
Simulator33Destro )*J
return <J

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