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    Classical Period Notes

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    Amber Ozols
    The Classical period of music occurred between 1750-1820. Some key characteristics of classical music include melodies that were tuneful, symmetrical, and easy to sing. Composers during this period such as Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven favored a lighter, clearer musical style that was more balanced and homophonic than the complex polyphonic style of the preceding Baroque era. A defining musical form that emerged in the Classical period was sonata form, which typically structured the first movement of symphonies, sonatas, and concertos into an exposition presenting musical themes, a development section that transformed the themes, and a recapitulation restating the themes.

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    Classical Period Notes

    Uploaded by

    Amber Ozols
    201 views2 pages
    The Classical period of music occurred between 1750-1820. Some key characteristics of classical music include melodies that were tuneful, symmetrical, and easy to sing. Composers during this period such as Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven favored a lighter, clearer musical style that was more balanced and homophonic than the complex polyphonic style of the preceding Baroque era. A defining musical form that emerged in the Classical period was sonata form, which typically structured the first movement of symphonies, sonatas, and concertos into an exposition presenting musical themes, a development section that transformed the themes, and a recapitulation restating the themes.

    Original Description:

    School notes I wrote about the Classical Period of music.

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    The Classical period of music occurred between 1750-1820. Some key characteristics of classical music include melodies that were tuneful, symmetrical, and easy to sing. Composers during this period such as Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven favored a lighter, clearer musical style that was more balanced and homophonic than the complex polyphonic style of the preceding Baroque era. A defining musical form that emerged in the Classical period was sonata form, which typically structured the first movement of symphonies, sonatas, and concertos into an exposition presenting musical themes, a development section that transformed the themes, and a recapitulation restating the themes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    201 views2 pages

    Classical Period Notes

    Uploaded by

    Amber Ozols
    The Classical period of music occurred between 1750-1820. Some key characteristics of classical music include melodies that were tuneful, symmetrical, and easy to sing. Composers during this period such as Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven favored a lighter, clearer musical style that was more balanced and homophonic than the complex polyphonic style of the preceding Baroque era. A defining musical form that emerged in the Classical period was sonata form, which typically structured the first movement of symphonies, sonatas, and concertos into an exposition presenting musical themes, a development section that transformed the themes, and a recapitulation restating the themes.

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    Classical Period:

    - 1750- 1820
    - Preclassical period from 1730 to 1770
    - Sebastian Bachs sons: Carl Phillip Emanuel and Johann Christian
    (prominent pioneers)
    - Was developing when still in baroque period
    - Classical is simpler and more melodic
    - The term style gallant was applied to this light graceful music
    - Light, clear (harmony), homophonic, tuneful melodies (singable), simple
    harmonies,
    - Common stress on balance and clarity of structure
    - Master composers (Joseph Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven)

    Melody:

    - Classical melodies are among the most tuneful and easiest to remember
    - Even highly sophisticated compositions may have a folk or popular
    flavour
    - Sometimes composers will borrow popular tunes
    - Mostly they wrote original themes with a popular character
    - Tend to sound balanced and symmetrical
    - Classical melodies are frequently made up of two phrases of the same
    length
    - The second phrase may start sounding like the first, but will end more
    conclusively
    - Melodic types like these are easy to sing
    - Frequently found in nursery rhymes like Mary had a little lamb
    - Baroque melodies tend to be less symmetrical, more elaborate and harder
    to sing
    - Call and response
    - Always has a resolution (tonic) always sound complete
    - Tonic dominant resolution (tonic)
    - Antecedent and consequent (instead of saying call and response)
    -
    Mood:
    - multiple moods
    - contrasts

    Rhythm:

    - classical has lots of different patterns (flexible)
    - added lots of new patterns
    - has unexpected pauses (unpredictable)

    Texture:
    - Basically homophonic but flexible
    - Shift smoothly or suddenly from one to another
    - May begin homophonic and change to poly
    Dynamics and the Piano:
    - Gradual dynamic changes
    - Increased dynamics
    - Emotional
    - Piano became more prominent than the harpsichord around 1775
    - Repetition

    The End of the Basso Continuo:
    - Gradually abandoned during the classical period
    - Classical composers wanted more control
    - More music was written for amateurs


    Cadenza: chance for player to show off, has the notes written out but no car
    lines, can play whatever you want. Cadenzas left to player to make up, no
    notes. Early classical- dynamics were not written, left up to the player or an
    agreement between the conductor and players. Cadenzas were improvised
    by the performers. Performers could add ornaments.

    Age of enlightenment: when they looked back to the Greeks and the Romans
    and were happy/excited about it. Looked back at the old times and took the
    ideas of simplicity and used it.


    Sonata Form:
    - Became known in the classical period
    - Often the structure of the first movement of a concerto, sonata or
    symphony
    - Refers to the movement of one single movement
    - It should not be confused with the term sonata which is used for a whole
    composition made up of several movements
    - Also used in slow and fast concluding sections
    - Exposition: 1
    st
    subject (tonic), bridge (used to modulation), 2
    nd
    subject
    (closely related key), coda. Sets up a strong conflict between the tonic key
    and the new key.
    - Development: ideas from exposition are taken and manipulated, lots of
    modulations (key changes), intense, unpredictable, themes are treated
    differently (different approach to the rhythm). Climatic section, exploring
    new ideas.
    - Recapitulation: 1
    st
    subject (tonic), bridge, 2
    nd
    subject (tonic), coda
    (tonic)
    - Coda: Tonic key. An even more powerful feeling of conclusion is attained,
    by following the recapitulation with yet another section.

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