------------- - .

PAGE 63
, SAUDI TOYO - K.S.A
+955-4-3955188
68/29/1998 13:60
steel t V)<1't\ee
vl
na
2 'Y!l
- ,
Part VII
Anchor Bolt Chairs
.,
When anchorboltsare required atsupportsfora r '" least radius ofgyration, in.
shell, chairsare necessary10 distribute theload to
theshell. Small tubularcolumns (less than4 ft in
R = nominal shell radius. in_. eitherto inside or
diameter) maybean exception if thebase plate is
centerlineofplate (r.ldius normal tocone
adequateto take thebending. Otherwise, chairs
atbottomendfor conical shells)
are alwaysneeded tominimizesecondary bending
S '" stressatpoint,ksi
in theshell.
Forflat-bottomed tanks,chooseaboltcircle to
r = shell orcolumn thickness. in.
justbarelyclearthe bottomwithout notching it.
Forotherstructures,follow theminimum clearances
w = weld size (leg dimension), in_
shown in Fig. lOa.
W ::: total load onweld, kipsper lin. in. ofweld
Notation
WH = horizontal load. kips perlin in. of weld
a = top-platewidth, in.. alongshell
Wv = vertical load,kipsperlin in. ofweld
b = topplate length, in. in radial direction
o = coneangle. degrees, measured from axisof
c = topplate thickness, in. cone
Z == reductionfor factor
d '" anchor-boltdiameter. in.
TopPlate
e := anchorbolt eccentricity. in.
Critical stressin thetopplateoccursbetween the
holeand the free edge ofthe plate. Forconvenience
emin== 0.8860'+0.572,based onaheavy hex nut
we can considerthis portionofthe topplateas a
clearing shell by 1/2 in.SeeTable 5.
beamwith partiallyfixed ends,with a portionof
f = distance. in., from outsideoftop plate to the total anchorboltloaddistributed along part
edgeofhole ofthe span.See Fig. 11.
f min=d /2 +1/8 s = --; (O.375g - O.22d)
(44)
fe
9 = distance. in.. betweenvertical plates (pre
ferred 9 rz:: d +1)
or
h = chairheight. in.
c '" [L.(0.3759_ O.22d)] 1/2 (45)
Sf
i
=vertical-plate thickness, in.
k = vertical-platewidth,in. (average width for Topplatemayproject radially beyondvertical
tapered plates) plates as in Fig. 100', butno more than 1/2".
L '" column length, in.

Chair Height
m =bottomorbase platethickness, in.
Chairmust behigh enoughtodistribute anchor
bolt load to shell orcolumnwithoutoverstressing_
P ::a design load, kips, ormaximumallowable
it. If theanchorboltwere in linewith theshell
anchor-boltload or 1.5timesactual bolt
theproblemwould besimple- thedifficulty lies
load,whichever is less
in thebending caused byeccentricityof the
47

...-._-----.---
- ._-
PAGE 64
A SAUDI TOYO - K. S. A
+955-4-3955188
.f
(bl Vertical Column
or Skirt
(aJ Typical.Plan &
Outside Views
(c) Flat Bottom Tank (dl Conical Skirt
Fig. 10. Anchor-bolt Chairs_
Fig. 11. Assumed top-plate beam.
anchor bolt with respect to the shell. Except for
the case where a continuous ring is used at the top
of chairs, maximum stress occurs in the vertical
direction and is a combination of bending plus
direct stress. Formulas which follow are approxima-
tions, based on the work of Bijlaard.
s - Pe [1.32 Z .031 ] (461
-7 1 43ah1 +-=-
-'-R-l- + (411h
2
l:
J33
y Rl
48
Table 4. Top-Plate Dimensions
B...d on ."ellor.bolt .tr.nes up 10 12 ... lor l-l/2-;".-<li.
boilS ."d 15 Ie.i for boH, in. in Or 1"0.':
I- d/2" 118.
e cd I, <: Irom emi" c 01l66d. 0.572. a"d Ell. (45)
.a - 9 + 2. All dimrension'l ;n i"choes.
AWY'i.A &
NFPA eM'--
f---
, Ig-,Hl -min P emln f' c",in d

l',n 11IR 1:2 1/2 41/ 1.87 19."
0_734 2:1.9 0.815
1 1 !13/4 .. 2.09 32.7 0,919 AO.5 1.023
'2 1 lIBI :) 5 12.30 43.1 1.025 534 1"'"
1/" 1 1/413 1/4 51/4 ? 0;7 r: 11141; '7n,
I, "4
-'min (0" wrcical Jkiru onty on nUl

"Ctlle.ogo Bndgc & Iron Compeny
Where: Z =_1...;.0'-- -= _
. '77 am (!:'l) 2+ 1.0
(47
V1<T t
Maximum recommended stress is 25 ksi, This
a local stress occurring just above the top of the
chair. Since il diminishes rapidly away from the cht
a higher than normal stress ;s justified but an in-
crease for temporary loads. such as earthquake 01
wind is not recommended. The following general
guidelines are recommended:
Minimum chair height h =6': except use h =1
when base plate or bottom plate is 3/8" or thinr
and where earthquake or winds over 100 mph
must be considered.
Maximum recommended chair heighl h =33.
If chair height c'alculated is excessive, reduce
eccentricity e. if possible, or use more anchor bolt'
of 3 smaller diameter. Another solution is to use a
continuous ring at top of chairs,
If continuous ring is used, check for maximum
stress in circumferential direction, considering the
I
ring as though it were loaded with equally spaced
concentrated loads equal to Pelh. Portion of shell r
within 16t either side of the attachment may be
I
counted as part of the ring.
!
Fig. 12. Chair With Continuous Ring at Top
I
I
i
PAGE 05
.3:00 +966-a-3955188
A SAUDI TOYO - K.S.A
Notethatthe baseplate or boltom is also sub-
jectedtothissame horizontal force, except inward
insteadofoutward.This is trueeven ifa continuous
ring is notusedaround the topof the cha irs - but
it should never causeanyveryhigh stressesin the
base,sowedo notnormallycheck it. However, it
is a good thing to keep in mind in caseyou have a
very light b<lse ring.
VerticalSidePlates
Be sure top platedoes notoverhangside plate (&s
.1 in Fig. 10dJ by morethan 1/2"radially.
Vertical-platethicknessshould beatleast
imin == 1/2"orO.04(h - c). whichever is greater.
Anotherrequirement is ik ;;;. P125, wherek is
the average width if plate is tapered.
These limitsassure a maximum Llr of86.6and
a maximumaverage stress in thesideplatesof12.5
ksi, even assuming no load was transmittedinto the
shell through the welds.
AssemblyofChair
Forfield erectedstructures,shipeitherthetop
plateor theentirechair loose for installation
afterthestructure is sittingover the anchor bolts.
We wantto avoid making thefield men thread the
anchorboltthrough twosetsofholes whenset-
ting thestructurein place.
Wherebase plate is welded toskirtorcolumn
in shop,attachsideplates in the shopandship
top plate loose for field assembly. See Fig. 13.
I)
l.V
4
IV

Fig. 13.TypicalWelding,
BasePlateShopAttached
Fig. 14.TypicalWelding
Baseor Bottom Field Attached
49
?:". . :00=,...,.....,.."....----,----------.----
Where base or bottom plate is not welded to
shell in theshop,as for flatbottom tanksand
waterspheres, shopattachside plates to topplates
and thenshiptheassembly for field installation,
When you dothis, weld bothsidesattopofside
platessoshrinkagewill notpull side plateoutof
square. See Fig. 14.
Welds betweenchairand Shell mustbestrong
enough to transmitload toshell. 1/4" filletwelds
as shown in Figs. 13 and 14 are nearly always
adequate,butyou should checkthem if you have
a largeanchorboltwitha lowlug
Assume a stressdistribution asshown in Fig. 15
as thoughtherewerea hinge at bottomofchair.
Forthe purposeoffiguring weld size, thebaseor ..
bottom plateis assumed to take horizontalthrust
only, not moment.
Notethat loadsarein termsofkips per inch of
weld length, notin terms ofkipspersquareinch
suess. Criticalstressoccursacrossthe top ofthe
chair. Thetotal load perinch on theweld is the
resultantofthevertical and horizontal loads.
Formulas mayalso beused for cones. although ..
this underrates theverticaIweldssome_ ..
::r
p
W.., : 0 + 2h
Pe
V! H .. -a-h-.'-O-'-.-66-:-:7=:'h-:"'
w
,,;,C'
.; .'./
Fig. 15. Loads onWelds
Foranallowablestressof 13.6 ksi ona fillet
weld. theallowllble load per lin in. is 13.6X
0.707 =9.6 kipsperin. ofweld size. For weld
size w. in., the allowable load therefore is
9.6w > W
(sii
I
I