ADTH - Airside Driving Theory Handbook

Second Edition
ISBN 978-981-08-5178-1 Copyright 2010-2011 Changi Airport Group

(Singapore) Pte Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this handbook may
be reproduced in any manner or medium, whether wholly or in part
without the written permission of the Publisher.
Airside Driving Theory Handbook
Contents
Contents
3
INTRODUCTION 5
TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION OF AIRSIDE DRIVERS 6
2.1 Driving Permit Requirements 6
2.2 Airside Driver Training 6
2.3 Airside Driving Tests 7
2.4 Conduct of Airside Drivers 8
RULES GOVERNING VEHICLE OPERATION IN 9
THE AIRSIDE
3.1 Required Permits 9
3.2 Eyesight Requirements 9
3.3 Airside Vehicle Permit 10
3.4 Vehicle Examination 11
3.5 Airside Vehicle Access Zones 11
3.6 Vehicle Safety Requirements 12
3.7 General Driving Conduct 12
3.8 Giving Way to Aircraft 14
3.9 Refuelling of Vehicle 14
3.10 Safety Distances from Aircraft 16
3.11 Aircraft Stand Markings 18
3.12 Driving on Airside Roads 22
3.13 Driving Near or Crossing Taxiways 31
3.14 Driving Inside Aircraft Parking Stands 32
3.15 Towing of Rolling Stock 35
3.16 Safety During Inclement Weather 36
3.17 Operating a Bicycle in the Airside 38
3.18 Forklift 38
RADIO-TELEPHONY (RT) COMMUNICATIONS 39
4.1 Requirement 39
4.2 Language 39
4.3 Time System 39
4.4 Communication Techniques 39
4.5 Call Signs 42
4.6 Standard Words and Phrases 43
VEHICLE BREAKDOWN AND REPORTING ACCIDENTS 45
5.1 Vehicle Breakdown 45
5.2 Vehicle Accidents 46
5.3 Fuel, Hydraulic and Waste Spillages 47
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Airside Driving Theory Handbook 4
Contents
Airside Driving Theory Handbook Airside Driving Theory Handbook
Introduction
ENFORCEMENT OF AIRSIDE DRIVING AND SAFETY 49
REGULATIONS
6.1 CAAS (Changi Airport) By-Laws 2009 49
6.2 CAAS (Composition of Offences) Regulations 2009 49
6.3 Suspension or Cancellation of ADP 49
6.4 Surrender of ADP 49
VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS 50
7.1 Flame Proofng of Petrol Engine 50
7.2 Exhaust System 50
7.3 Electrical System 51
TRAFFIC MARKINGS AND SIGNS 52
8.1 Layout of Aircraft Parking Stand 52
8.2 Layout of Remote Stand 53
8.3 Layout of Cargo Stand 54
8.4 Apron Road Markings 55
8.5 Traffc Signs 57
AREAS IN THE AIRSIDE TO TAKE EXTRA 63
PRECAUTIONS AT
9.1 Secondary Roadway @ C26 & D49 63
9.2 Roadway from South Perimeter towards T3 A21 63
9.3 Surface Roadway R3N & R5N between NC1 and NC2 63
9.4 R1S between T3 Bay 1 and B5 in front of T3 BHA 64
9.5 T3 Bay A20 & A21 64
9.6 R4N/R7S @ D41 64
9.7 Secondary Roadway which transverse apron 65
taxiway 200s, 400s stands
9.8 R4/R5S Junction 65
9.9 West Underpass 2 (W-U2) 66
ANNEX A 67
USEFUL TELEPHONE NUMBERS 76
INSERT back cover fold-out
Changi Airport Airside Roadway
System (Illustration 1.1)
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Contents
Introduction
5
1 INTRODUCTION
The contents of this Airside Driving Theory Handbook (ADTH) are meant
for drivers and personnel who operate and drive any equipment within the
airside. To ensure the safe and orderly movement of staff, passengers,
aircraft and vehicular traffc, the following rules governing vehicle driving
and operation of mobile equipment in the operational areas must be
adhered to.
Please refer to Illustration 1.1 (attached on the inner back cover) for the
Airside Roadway System.
The frst edition of the ADTH will replace the Rules and Regulations for
Airside Drivers (RRAD) which was last published and issued in 2008.
Recommendations and suggestions for improving the contents of this
handbook can be forwarded to:
Airside Operations Division
Changi Airport Group
P.O. Box 168
Singapore Changi Airport
Singapore 918146
IMPORTANT NOTICE!
With effect from 1 April 2010, Airside
Operations Control Centre (AOCC) has been
renamed to Airside Management Centre (AMC).
Training and Certification of Airside Drivers
Airside Driving Theory Handbook 6 Airside Driving Theory Handbook
2 TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION OF AIRSIDE DRIVERS
2.1 Driving Permit Requirements
Airport personnel who have to drive in the airside for offcial
purposes should possess:
i) A valid Class 3 driving licence issued by the Singapore Traffc
Police (TP) or an international licence equivalent to Class 3.
ii) An Airfeld Driving Permit (ADP) which gives permission to
operate a particular class of vehicle in the Airside. As of 1
April 2010, the ADP issued is in the form of a plastic card and
applicants have the option to apply for either a one year or
two years validity period for their ADP, subject to the terms
and conditions as stated in the application forms provided by
Airside Driving Centre.
2.2 Airside Driver Training
Before applying for an ADP, Airside drivers will
have to:
i) Attend and complete the Airside Rules and
Regulation Course (ARRC) conducted by
authorised training centres; or
ii) Study the contents of the Airside Driving
Theory Handbook himself.
Existing ADP holders should attend the Airfeld Rules and
Regulation Refresher Course (ARRRC), conducted by authorised
Front Back
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training centres, every two years. It is mandatory for all drivers
to undergo bi-annual refresher training courses and obtain the
necessary certifcation before renewing their ADP.
Authorised Training Centres accredited by the Changi Airport
Group (S) Pte Ltd (CAG(S)).
TRAINING CENTRE ADDRESS TELEPHONE
Singapore Airport
Terminal Services
Limited (SATS)
20 Airport Boulevard
Changi Airport
Singapore 819659
+65 6541 8163
Changi International
Airport Services
Pte Ltd (CIAS)
50 Airport Boulevard
Changi Airport
Singapore 819658
+65 6511 0152
SIA Engineering
Company (SIAEC),
Line Maintenance
Division
Changi Airport PTB 1
Singapore 819642
+65 6412 1780
2.3 Airside Driving Tests
Applicants for an ADP are required to
pass the Airfeld Rules Test (ART) and the
Airfeld Driving/Safety-Compliance Test
(ADSCT) conducted by CAG(S). This is to
ensure that all drivers operating vehicles
and/or equipment in the airside know the
safety procedures and regulations.
ART is a computerised theory-based
test, consisting of 25 multiple-choice
questions to be completed in an hour.
ADSCT is a practical demonstration
of competency which consist of a
driving test which is conducted on
a test road in the airside. Each test
lasts approximately 15-20 minutes.
Rules Governing Vehicle Operation In The Airside
2.4 Conduct of Airside Drivers
All airside drivers must carry their ADP and show
it upon request by authorised personnel.

They must adhere to the conditions
mentioned in the ADP and follow the code
of conduct when driving in the airside.
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3 RULES GOVERNING VEHICLE OPERATION IN THE AIRSIDE
3.1 Required Permits
Drivers who are required to operate a vehicle or mobile equipment
in the airside must:
i) Possess a valid Class 3 driving licence issued by the Traffc
Police (TP) or an international licence equivalent to Class 3.

ii) Possess an Airfeld Driving Permit (ADP) which allows them to
operate a vehicle in the airside.

In the absence of a valid ADP, the driver has to be supervised in
the vehicle by the holder of a valid ADP.

3.2 Eyesight Requirements
Drivers must have normal colour vision and be
able to recognise the different coloured apron
markings in the day and night.
Front Back
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3.3 Airside Vehicle Permit (AVP)
All vehicles or mobile equipments
are required to attain an AVP in
order to operate in the airside.
The AVP must be displayed on
the windscreen or prominently on
airside vehicles.
There are 3 types of AVP:
i) Without imprint of aircraft
Vehicles can operate in the airside but cannot go near a
parked aircraft.
Vehicles cannot operate on the runway and taxiway.

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ii) With imprint of aircraft
Vehicles can operate in the airside and go near a parked
aircraft.
Vehicles are allowed to operate on the runway and taxiway
provided that the driver fulfl the usage specifcations and
are operated by a Category 1 ADP holder.
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iii) Temporary Entry Permit (TEP)
Vehicles can operate in the airside for a limited period of
time as indicated on the TEP.
An ADP holder to serve as an escort
must be present in the vehicle and
seated on the front passenger seat.
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3.4 Vehicle Examination
Vehicles operating in the airside must follow the Airside Vehicle
Compliance rules as stipulated in Chapter 7 of this handbook.
3.5 Airside Vehicle Access Zones
Vehicles can be driven only within the
authorised apron areas and airside
roadways.
Entry into the taxiway and runway
areas is strictly prohibited. Only
authorised vehicles equipped with a
Radio-telephony (RT) communications
system and operated by drivers who hold a Category I ADP are
permitted to enter the taxiway and runway areas. Before entering
the taxiway and runway areas, approval must be sought from the
Changi Tower and Airside Control Centre (ACC).
Taxiway/Runway
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3.6 Vehicle Safety Requirements
Drivers must ensure that their vehicles or mobile equipment are
roadworthy and meet the safety requirements as mentioned
in Chapter 7 of this handbook. Otherwise, the vehicle will be
removed from the airside immediately.
During hours of darkness or low visibility, all vehicles must:
i) Switch on the single fxed red light located on the highest point
of the vehicle.
ii) Switch on the front headlights and keep it on low beam and
dipped at all times.
iii) Switch on the taillights at all times.
Vehicles must carry only the specifed number of
passengers.
All drivers and passengers must fasten seat
belts on vehicles which are ftted with one.
Drivers shall ensure that all passengers have
fastened their seat belts before operating the
vehicle and/or mobile equipment.
3.7 General Driving Conduct
i) Alcohol and Drugs
No person under the infuence of
alcohol, medicine or drugs should
operate a vehicle in the airside.
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ii) No Eating or Drinking
No person should consume any form of food
or drinks in the movement area within the
airside. Violation would lead to a fne of $170
under the CAAS (Changi Airport) By-Laws 2009
Regulation 45.

iii) Smoking
Smoking is strictly prohibited except at
designated areas in the airside.

iv) Use of Communication Devices
Use of mobile phone or any mobile
communication equipment while driving in the
airside is strictly prohibited.
v) Care and Vigilance
Drivers and equipment operators must exercise care and
vigilance when driving in the airside and operating within the
aircraft parking stands. Drivers must ensure that they are ft to
operate a vehicle.
vi) Safe Distance
Vehicles must not tailgate and
should maintain a safe distance
from other vehicles.

vii) Securing of loads
The goods carried by vehicles
must be securely fastened to
prevent incidences of dislodging
during carriage from happening.
viii) Unattended Vehicles
No vehicle with its engine running
should be left unattended.
ix) Parking
Vehicles and equipment should
be parked only at designated
areas.
3.8 Giving Way to Aircraft
Vehicles must give way to aircraft,
even if it is being towed or taxiing.
Look out for Give way to Aircraft
signs which are painted on the
ground to caution drivers of aircraft
movements transversing the roadway.
3.9 Refuelling of Vehicle
3.9.1 Refuelling at the apron area
Position of refuelling truck:
i) Must be parked at a safe distance from the aircraft.
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ii) Must be parked away from vehicular traffc routes in front of
aircraft and Equipment Restraint Area at all times.
iii) Can be parked in the Equipment Parking Area (EPA) leased by
the relevant airside organisations.
Safety during refuelling
i) Refuelling in progress sign must be
displayed prominently on the truck.
ii) Cones must be placed to warn other
vehicles.
iii) Additional fre extinguishers must be
available.
iv) All leakages should be plugged
immediately.
v) Spillages should be cleaned
immediately.
3.9.2 Refuelling near a parked aircraft
The vehicle being refuelled should be towed to the nearest
authorised EPA.
3.10 Safety Distances from Aircraft
Drivers operating vehicles on the apron should always maintain a
safe distance from aircraft and shall be vigilant to the hazards of
jet blasts.
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Illustration 3.1
Illustration 3.2
Illustration 3.3
3.11 Aircraft Stand Markings
Vehicles and equipment must be parked in the designated parking
areas.
i) Apron Boundary Line
Demarcated by a continuous red line marking the boundary
between aircraft stand and taxiways.
ii) Equipment Restraint Area (ERA)
Demarcated by a continuous red line outlining the area where
aircraft is parked. All ground handling equipment, vehicles
and personnel must stay clear of the ERA when an aircraft is
taxiing into the parking stand.
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iii) Equipment Staging Area (ESA)
Demarcated by a continuous white line outlining the area
where ground handling equipment or vehicles for the servicing
of an aircraft must be positioned at least 20 minutes before the
arrival of the aircraft. All equipment and vehicles must be lined
up in an orderly manner at all times.
iv) Equipment Parking Area (EPA)
Demarcated by a continuous white line outlining the area
where ground handling vehicles or equipment meant for long-
term use are parked. Only equipment belonging to the leasing
company can be parked in the designated EPA.
v) No Parking Area (NPA)
This is the manoeuvring area for air-tugs to connect to aircraft
nose wheel. Vehicles and equipment cannot be parked in the
NPA.
vi) Holding Strip
Located between roadway and aircraft stand. Only transport
vehicles are allowed to park in the strip and not earlier than
20 minutes before the arrival of the aircraft. Drivers must
remember to switch off the engine and remove the keys from
the ignition at all times. Vehicles must be removed upon
departure of the aircraft.
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vii) Passenger Loading Bridge (PLB) Safety Zone
Red hatch lines defne the safety area that must remain clear
at all times. The operator should not dock or retract the PLB
when a vehicle or equipment is parked near the aircraft or
outside the safety zone.

Note: If in doubt the PLB operator should seek the CAG(S)
Airside Control Centre assistance.
3.12 Driving on Airside Roads
3.12.1 Speed
All vehicles should follow strictly to the speed limits, indicated by
road signs and markings.
Table 3.1: The speed limit to be observed near an aircraft or aircraft
stand.
Within 10m of an aircraft 5kmh
On roadways within 15m of aircraft stand 30kmh
On roadways more than 15m away from aircraft stand 50kmh
On roadways in the Baggage Handling Area 10kmh

3.12.2 Designated Vehicle Roadways
When driving in the airside
areas, drivers must follow
the road markings. Vehicles
should not use an aircraft
parking stand as a short cut
or to overtake.
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i) Service Roadways
Located in front of aircraft parking stands, these roadways
are meant for movement of vehicles and equipment.
Vehicles exceeding 4.5m in height should not
use the service roadways.
Vehicles using roadways
R4 (T1), R7S (T2) and
R1S (T3) must give
way to tractors towing
baggage containers/
trolley/pallets (ULD) into
and out of the baggage
handling areas (BHA).
ii) Secondary Roadways
Is painted in broken white line located behind aircraft
parking stands and in front of the jet blast fence at Terminal
1, 2 and 3 BHA.
Vehicles operating in the secondary
roadway must wait at the edge of
the aircraft parking stand till the
aircraft clears the taxiway.
Vehicles must wait for pushback
operation of an aircraft to be
completed before proceeding along
the roadway.
Vehicles exceeding 4.5m in height travelling
along the roadway in front of the jet blast fence
at Terminal 2 should stop at the entry point
to the taxiway and check if that there are no
aircraft movement before proceeding.
All vehicles & equipment exceeding the height of 4.5m
should only use the secondary roadway.
Vehicles & equipment with height NOT EXCEEDING 4.5m
should use only the primary roadway.
iii) Perimeter Roadways
Located near
the fences
surrounding the
airside boundary.
iv) Roadway behind Budget Terminal Aircraft Parking Stands
Located behind the aircraft parking stands in Budget
Terminal.
Drivers should look out for rotating aircraft movement
lights that are mounted
on top of the INS boards
on the terminal building
and aircraft manoeuvring
guidance lights fxed on the
tarmac before proceeding.
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Drivers should watch out and give way to any
taxiing aircraft on taxiway L5 and wait until it has
turned into the aircraft stand and its engines have
been switched off before proceeding.
Drivers should stop at the give-way marking,
indicated by parallel double white lines, and wait till
the aircraft is fully pushed back from its stand onto
the taxiway and taxied off before moving on.
Drivers should stop at the give-way marking,
indicated by parallel double white lines, and wait
for the aircraft to come to a complete stop and its
engines are switched off.
Give Way to Aircraft signs warn drivers of aircraft
movement transversing the roadway.
v) Taxiway and Runway
Reserved only for fight operations.
Drivers entering the taxiway or
runway for offcial duties must
possess a Category 1 ADP.
Drivers must switch on the Yellow fashing light on top of
the vehicle when operating on taxiways and runways.
Vehicles entering the taxiway or runway
must be equipped with the radio-
telephony (RT) communication system.
Drivers using the taxiway or runway
should be well-versed with the Changi
Tower light signals and keep on a lookout
for light signals at all times.
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vi) Surface Roadways Crossing Taxiways
Located at the North Cross Taxiways,
South Cross Taxiways, taxiways behind
aircraft parking stands and taxiways along
perimeter roadways.
Give Way to Aircraft sign, painted
on the roadway, warns drivers of
the taxiway crossing ahead.
Vehicles must stop at designated
points and give way to taxiing
aircraft at all times.
Vehicles must not stop in any part of
the roadway that is within the taxiway.
Vehicles are permitted to use these
surface roadways except where
airside tunnels are available. Drivers
are to take note that the vehicles
listed in Page 27, Paragraph 3.12.2
vii under Prohibited Vehicles are not
permitted to enter the tunnel.
vii) Airside Tunnel
Speed:
The speed limit for all vehicles is 50kmh.

Regulations:
Waiting or parking is prohibited.
Tunnel roadways cannot be used when the red light on
the gantry is activated.
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Prohibited vehicles:
Exceeding 4.5m in height
Air tugs
Joint Container Pallet Loaders (JCPL)
Main Deck Loaders (MDL)
Tankers/Bowsers carrying infammable liquid
Vehicles transporting explosive items
3.12.3 Keep Left
All vehicles, travelling on all roadways,
should keep to the left.
3.12.4 Right of Way
The following will get preference at all the roadways:
i) Aircraft taxiing and on tow;
ii) AES vehicle or ambulance with red rotating light and sounding
siren;
iii) Vehicles with blue or red rotating light (follow-me vehicle) and
the vehicles they are escorting;
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iv) Escorting vehicle with red rotating light and the vehicles it is
escorting;
v) The right of way for vehicles on the right will apply on all road
intersections and roadways unless indicated otherwise.
Note: Emergency vehicles must give way to aircraft at all times.
3.12.5 Pedestrian Crossing
Look out for pedestrian crossing signs at the service roads and
underpasses. Vehicles must reduce speed and stop before the
pedestrian crossing.
3.12.6 Overtaking
A vehicle can only overtake from the right-side of the vehicle infront
provided that the lane is free of on-coming vehicles. Vehicles are not
allowed to overtake at the aircraft stand and the manoeuvring area.

The driver must sound the horn before overtaking. Drivers are
only allowed to overtake one vehicle at a time.
Overtaking is prohibited on roadways painted with continuous
white and double-white lines.
3.12.7 Height Restrictions
Vehicles in excess of 4.5m can only use the secondary roadways.
The height restrictions in the baggage
handling areas:
Terminal 1 2.4m
Terminal 2 2.3m
Terminal 3 2.3m

Height restriction signs are located at
the Passenger Loading Bridges (PLB),
underpasses and tunnel roadways.
Vehicles exceeding the height limits must
use the secondary roadways or alternative
roadways.
Continuous
white line.
Double white
line.
Oncoming
vehicle.
Safe to
overtake.
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3.13 Driving Near or Crossing Taxiways
Vehicles must keep clear of the aircraft taxiways at all times.
Only authorised vehicles listed below are allowed to use the surface
roadways R3N and R5N crossing the North Cross Taxiways:
Vehicles proceeding to Aircraft Stands
300 310
Air tugs
Joint Container Pallet Loaders (JCPL)
Main Deck Loaders (MDL)
Tankers/Bowsers carrying fammable
liquid having a fash point of 61 degrees
Celsius or less (Jet A-1 fuel, Avgas or
petrol)
Vehicles transporting explosive items
Vehicles (including load) exceeding 4.5m
in height.
Vehicles other than those mentioned above must use the tunnel
roadways R1N and R7N.
Vehicles authorised to use surface
roadways R3N and R5N must stop at
the junctions of R3N, R3S, R5N and
R5S and ensure no aircraft is taxiing
or about to taxi along the North
Cross Taxiways before proceeding.
Only authorised vehicles are allowed
to cross the North Cross Taxiways or
any other Taxiway. Drivers must comply with the traffc signs and
markings, including the light signals at the roadway crossing. The
minimum safety distance between a vehicle and the centreline
of taxiway is 57.5 metres. Drivers must stop before the vehicle
stop-line, look out for aircraft movements on the taxiway before
proceeding. No vehicle is allowed to stop in any part of the roadway
crossing that is within the taxiway.
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3.14 Driving Inside Aircraft Parking Stands
3.14.1 Driving Into Aircraft Parking Stands
Vehicles should not enter or park in
an aircraft parking stand unless they
are required for ground operations of
the aircraft.
Vehicles must not enter an aircraft
parking stand when an aircraft is
entering the stand or performing
pushback operations.
Unattended vehicles should be
parked in the ESA, with handbrake
engaged and engine switched off.
3.14.2 Position Before Aircraft Arrival
Vehicles waiting to service an
arriving aircraft must be parked in
the ESA until the ground engineer
gives the thumb-up signal to move
after the aircraft has been chocked
and its engines switched off.
3.14.3 Position After Aircraft Arrival
Vehicles and equipment not involved in docking must approach
the aircraft at an angle from the drivers right.
Vehicles moving in the aircraft stand must keep a safe distance
from the aircraft and other equipment.
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3.14.4 Driving Under an Aircraft
A vehicle should not be driven or parked under the wings or
fuselage of an aircraft unless it is engaged in aircraft servicing.
For safety reasons, the following vehicles and equipment are not
allowed to operate under the aircraft or its wings:
Hi-Lift or catering truck
Invalid Passenger Lift
(IPL)
Joint Container Pallet
Loader (JCPL)
Main Deck Loader (MDL)
Mobile Passenger Step
Any other vehicle or equipment exceeding the height
of the aircraft fuselage and wings.
3.14.5 Passenger Loading Bridge (PLB) Safety Zone
Red hatch lines defne the safety area
that must remain clear at all times. The
operator should not dock or retract the
PLB when a vehicle or equipment is
parked near the aircraft or outside the
safety zone.
3.14.6 Fuel Hydrant Pits
Vehicles are prohibited from driving
over fuel hydrant pits at all times.
3.14.7 Converging Vehicles
The vehicle on the left should give way
to the vehicle on the right.
3.14.8 Reversing
Vehicles operating on the
apron should not be reversed
unless absolutely necessary. It
can be done, for instance, after
completion of aircraft servicing.
A marshaller or guideman
must be present to ensure the
vehicle can be reversed safely.
3.14.9 Passing Behind Aircraft
Vehicles should not pass
behind an aircraft when its
engines are running or anti-
collision light is on.
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3.14.10 Aircraft Pushback
Vehicles, except the airtug for
aircraft pushback operations,
should keep away from
the aircraft parking stand.
Vehicles used for servicing
the aircraft must vacate the
ERA before commencement of the pushback operations.
Drivers must alert the Ground Engineer if it is necessary to
approach an aircraft which is ready for pushback.
3.14.11 Ground Handling Personnel
All vehicles must give way to
ground handling personnel
working around the aircraft.
Ground handling personnel
must not walk or work within
7.5m from the
front of the aircraft
engines and 76m
behind an aircraft
when its engines
are still running.
3.15 Towing of Rolling Stock
Drivers should not operate a tractor with a chain of rolling stock in
excess of:
i) 4 container trailers or baggage trolleys
ii) 3 pallet dollies
Drivers must ensure that the rolling stocks are properly secured
before moving off.
No vehicle or equipment should be towed
without a suitable tow bar.
If defects are spotted during towing, the driver
should stop at the nearest ESA and rectify them.
3.16 Safety During Inclement Weather
In the event of low visibility or inclement
weather, these procedures must be followed:
i) Attire
All personnel should wear the high-visibility raincoat imprinted
with their organisations logo.
The high-visibility safety vest imprinted with the organisations
logo can also be worn over a non-high visibility raincoat.
The high-visibility safety
vest imprinted with the
organisations logo should be
authorised by CAG.
The airport pass must be visible
when wearing the high-visibility
safety coat or vest.
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ii) Vehicles
All vehicles must slow down to a speed safe for the prevailing
conditions.
iii) Vehicle Requirements
All vehicles should:
Switch on the single fxed red light on the highest point of
the vehicle.
Switch on the front headlights on low beam and dipped at
all times.
Switch on the taillights at all times.

iv) Category II Instrument Landing System (ILS) Operations
Changi Control Tower may employ CAT II ILS Operations
during prolonged period of low visibility (like haze) to help
aircraft landings.
All airside personnel and equipment must withdraw from
the Obstacle Free Zone (OFZ) within one hour of the
declaration.
Unauthorised entry of vehicles into roadways leading to
runways may affect the ILS readings which are crucial
during the landing of an aircraft.
Vehicles that need to move into or in the vicinity of the
OFZ must seek clearance from the Changi Tower.
Radio-Telephony (RT) Communications
3.17 Operating a Bicycle in the Airside
Cyclists should keep to the extreme left of the
road and ride in a single fle when travelling in
a group.
Bicycles should
be parked on
the kerb areas
next to the
apron foodlights
when cyclist is
attending to fight
at the stand.
Cyclists must follow vehicular traffc rules
and give way to taxiing aircraft.
Cyclists must wear high-visibility safety vest.
3.18 Forklift
The fork should be kept at the lowest position (not more than 10cm
above the ground) when forklift is driven without load.
Forklifts must be operated only by authorised and trained
personnel.
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4 RADIO-TELEPHONY (RT) COMMUNICATION
4.1 Requirement
RT communication skills are mandatory
for airside drivers with the need to operate
vehicles and/or mobile equipment on the
taxiway and runway. Drivers applying for the
Category I Driving Permit must be familiar
with RT communication procedures.
RT communication skills are required since
drivers have to maintain communication
with the Changi Tower.
4.2 Language
English is used internationally for all ground RT communications.
4.3 Time System
Start of a day is denoted by 0001H.
End of a day is denoted by 2400H.
4.4 Communication Techniques
The effective use of RT Communication Facilities (RTF) depends
on:
i) Articulation
ii) Microphone techniques
iii) Choice of words
Poor delivery of RT communication techniques can cause
confusion and may potentially lead to accidents.
4.4.1 Basic Guidelines
Before transmission, users should:
i) Tune to the right frequency to ensure
no interference to the transmission
from other stations.
ii) Decide on the message to be
transmitted.
During transmission, users should:
i) Speak into the microphone.
ii) Keep the microphone close to the mouth.
iii) Ensure transmit
switch is on.
iv) Speak normally.
v) Refrain from shouting or whispering.
vi) Not vary the voice pitch.
vii) Not vary the tone when asking questions.
viii) Use standard phrases.
ix) Avoid polite expressions.
x) Be concise and unambiguous.
xi) Not speak quickly.
xii) Speak slowly if the transmission is being recorded.
xiii) Maintain slight pause when transmitting numbers.
xiv) Refrain from interrupting if a station is making a transmission
and is expecting a reply from another station.
xv) Give priority to a distress call.
xvi) Seek priority to convey a distress message.
After transmission, users should:
i) Ensure transmit switch is released to prevent
clipping of transmission.
ii) Ensure transmit switch is completely released
to prevent jamming of the frequency.
41
4.4.2 Pronunciation
It is important to transmit each word slowly and with clarity, avoid
mispronunciation and omission of consonants.
Pronunciation of Letters
LETTER WORD PRONUNCIATION IN ENGLISH
A Alfa AL FAH
B Bravo BRAH VOH
C Charlie CHAR LEE
D Delta DELL TAH
E Echo ECK OH
F Foxtrot FOKS TROT
G Golf GOLF
H Hotel HOH TELL
I India IN DEE AH
J Juliett JEW LEE ETT
K Kilo KEY LOH
L Lima LEE MAH
M Mike MIKE
N November NO VEM BER
O Oscar OSS CAR
P Papa PAH PAH
Q Quebec KEY BECK
R Romeo ROW ME OH
S Sierra SEE AIR RAH
T Tango TANG GO
U Uniform YOU NEE FORM
V Victor VIK TAH
W Whiskey WISS KEY
X X-ray ECKS RAY
Y Yankee YANG KEY
Z Zulu ZOO LOO
Pronunciation of Digits
DIGIT PRONUNCIATION IN ENGLISH
0 ZERO
1 WUN
2 TOO
3 TREE
4 FOWER
5 FIFE
6 SIX
7 SEVEN
8 AIT
9 NINER
* 5 and 9 are spoken as FIFE and NINER respectively as
they can cause confusion when spoken normally.
4.5 Call Signs
A short form is used to indicate the service provided:
CALL SIGN IDENTIFICATION
Tower CHANGI TOWER
Singapore Apron AIRSIDE CONTROL CENTRE
43
4.6 Standard Words and Phrases
WORD / PHRASE MEANING
ACKNOWLEDGE Let me know you have received and
understood the message.
AFFIRM Yes.
APPROVED Permission for requested action is granted.
BREAK I am indicating the separation in between
portions of the message. (To be used
where there is no clear distinction between
the text and other portions of the message).
BREAK BREAK I am indicating the separation in between
messages transmitted to different aircraft
in a very busy environment.
CANCEL Withdraw the previously transmitted
clearance.
CLEARED Authorised to proceed under the conditions
specifed.
CONFIRM Have I correctly received the following ...?
or Did you correctly receive this message?
CONTACT Establish radio contact with...
CORRECT That is correct.
CORRECTION An error has been made in this
transmission (or message indicated). The
correct version is
DISREGARD Consider that transmission is not sent.
GO AHEAD Proceed with your message. (Note: The
phrase GO AHEAD is not normally used
in surface movement communications).
HOW DO YOU
READ
What is the readability of my transmission?
Vehicle Breakdown And Reporting Accidents
WORD / PHRASE MEANING
MONITOR Listen out on (frequency).
NEGATIVE No or Permission not granted or That is
not correct.
OUT This exchange of transmission is ended
and no response is expected. (Note: The
word OUT is not normally used in VHF
communications.)
OVER My transmission is ended and I expect
a response from you. Note: The word
OVER is not normally used in VHF
communications.
RECLEARED A change has been made to your last
clearance. This new clearance supersedes
the previous clearance or part thereof.
REPORT Pass me the following information.
REQUEST I wish to know ...... or obtain......
ROGER I have received and understood your last
transmission.
SAY AGAIN Repeat all, or part, of your last transmission.
SPEAK SLOWER Reduce your speed or rate of speech.
STANDBY Wait and I will call you.
VERIFY Check and confrm with originator.
WILCO (Abbreviation for will comply). I
understand your message and will comply
with it.
WORDS TWICE (a) As a request: Communication is
diffcult. Please send every word or group
of words twice. (b) As an information:
Since communication is diffcult, every
word or group of words in this message
will be sent twice.
45
5 VEHICLE BREAKDOWN AND REPORTING ACCIDENTS
5.1 Vehicle Breakdown
Reporting
Drivers must immediately inform Airside Management Centre
if their vehicle has stalled on the taxiway or aircraft parking
stand.

Removal
The driver must contact the company maintenance section to
repair or tow the vehicle away as soon as possible.
Prevent obstruction to airside traffc
Try to push the vehicle to the side of the roadway or any other
area so that traffc is not blocked and safety compromised in
the airside.
Ensure aircraft is not obstructed by the breakdown.
Provide marshaller to divert traffc.
Driver should not leave the vehicle unattended.
5.2 Vehicle Accidents
Reporting
In the event of an accident in the airside, the drivers involved
should report it immediately via telephone to the Airside
Management Centre.
Injuries
If there are injuries, the drivers should immediately report them
to the Airside Management Centre and Airport Police and call
for medical assistance.
Remain at scene of accident
Personnel involved in the
accident should remain at the
scene until a CAG(S) Offcer
arrives to handle the situation.
Preservation of Accident Scene
No vehicle or equipment involved
in an accident should be removed until permission is granted
by an APD or CAG(S) Offcer on-site.
47
5.3 Fuel, Hydraulic and Waste Spillages
5.3.1 Aircraft Fuel Spillage
Reporting
Spillages area larger than
4 metre square should be
reported immediately to
Airport Emergency Services
(AES) and Airside Control
Centre (ACC).
Spillages occurring from an
underground fuel hydrant pit
should be reported immediately to Airport Emergency Services
(AES), Airside Control Centre (ACC) and Changi Airport Fuel
Hydrant Installation (CAFHI).

Remain at scene of spillage
No vehicle or mobile equipment should come within 15 metres
of the spillage area.
No vehicle or mobile
equipment should be started
until the spillage has been
cleaned.
Personnel involved in the
spillage should cordon off the
area and divert traffc.
5.3.2 Hydraulic Oil Spill
Reporting
When it is heavy oil spillage,
the ACC should be contacted
immediately.
And the following details should be
provided:
i) Caller should identify himself
and leave his contact number.
ii) Caller should provide location and extent of spill and
whether it will affect aircraft and people.
Enforcement Of Airside Driving And Safety Regulations
Cleaning up
In case of smaller oil spillage, the driver responsible should
mop up the area with an approved absorbent material (except
sawdust).

Enforcement Of Airside Driving And Safety Regulations
49
6 ENFORCEMENT OF AIRSIDE DRIVING AND SAFETY REGULATIONS
6.1 CAAS (Changi Airport) By-Laws 2009
All airside drivers must observe the provisions in the CAAS
(Changi Airport) By-Laws 2009.
6.2 CAAS (Composition of Offences) Regulations 2009
Any person who contravenes the CAAS (Changi Airport) By-Laws
2009 or fails to comply with the conditions of any permit or pass
issued under the CAAS (Changi Airport) By-Laws 2009 will be
issued a Notice of Offence. See Annex A on page 63.
The regulations do not restrict the CAG(S) from suspending an
ADP when it is deemed necessary.
Please refer to Annex A for the list of CAAS (Composition of
Offences) Regulations 2009.
6.3 Suspension or Cancellation of ADP
CAG(S) may suspend or cancel an ADP if:
i) There has been a contravention of any condition of the permit;
ii) The person to whom the permit has been issued is not
competent to drive the relevant vehicle.
iii) It would not be in the interest of public safety for him to hold a
driving permit.
6.4 Surrender of ADP
The ADP holder must return the ADP to the CAG(S) Airside
Operations Licensing Counter within 72 hours of the cessation of
driving duties for his employer. The vehicle operator must also
ensure that the ADP holder complies with this clause.
Vehicle Specifications
7 VEHICLE REQUIREMENTS FOR USE IN THE AIRSIDE
7.1 Flame Proofng of Petrol Engine
i) The mixture adjustment for the induction system should be
such that exhaust pipe explosions must not occur when the
throttle is suddenly closed.

ii) The carburettor should be ftted with a fame trap or arrestor.
(A standard automotive type oil bath air cleaner must be used,
other alternatives must be approved by the CAG(S) Airport
Emergency Service Division.
iii) The gasket between the induction manifold and the cylinder
block should have a gas-tight seal.
7.2 Exhaust System
i) The exhaust manifold and the section of the exhaust pipe
adjacent to the manifold should be covered with metal to
prevent petrol, oil or other combustible material from coming
into contact with them. Otherwise, a drip tray must be provided
under the carburettor with a pipe to drain waste petrol from the
manifold and exhaust pipe.
ii) The exhaust pipe of vehicles without a catalytic converter
should be ftted with an approved spark arrestor. Screen-type
arrestors must be serviced regularly to ensure there is no
collection of carbon.
51
iii) Regular checks must be conducted on the entire exhaust
system to ensure there are no gas leakages.
7.3 Electrical System
i) Exhaust manifold and the section of the exhaust pipe adjacent
to the manifold should be shrouded with a metal cover to
prevent petrol, oil or other combustible material from coming
into contact with the hot metal. In cases where the manifold
cannot be effectively protected, a drip tray should be provided
under the carburettor with a pipe to direct waste petrol away
from the manifold and exhaust pipe.
Traffic Markings And Signs
8 TRAFFIC MARKINGS AND SIGNS
8.1 Layout of Aircraft Parking Stand
Service
Roadway
Holding Strip
No Parking
Area (NPA)
Equipment
Staging Area
(ESA)
Apron
Boundary Line
(ABL)
Secondary
Roadway
Fuel Hydrant
Pit
Passenger
Loading Bridge
Safety Zone
Equipment
Parking Area
(EPA)
Equipment
Restraint Area
(ERA)
1
3
5
7
9
2
4
6
8
10
53
8.2 Layout of Remote Stand
Equipment
Staging Area
(ESA)
Apron
Boundary Line
(ABL)
Fuel Hydrant
Pit
1
3
2
8.3 Layout of Cargo Stand
Equipment
Staging Area
(ESA)
Apron
Boundary Line
(ABL)
Fuel Hydrant
Pit
1
3
2
55
Continuous White Line
Centre of a two-way road. Vehicles
should keep to the left of this line.
Broken White Line
should keep to the left of this line.
Parallel Continuous White Line
cannot cross these lines at all times.
Zig-Zag Lines
Give advance warning that there is a
pedestrian crossing ahead. Vehicles
should not overtake, wait or park in the
vicinity.

Parallel White Broken Lines
Vehicles approaching these lines must
give way to traffc in front of the line.
Single White Line
Vehicles must stop before this line.
8.4 Apron Road Markings
Apron Boundary Line
Equipment Parking Area (EPA)
Equipment Staging Area (ESA)
No Parking Area (NPA)
Give Way to Aircraft warning
sign
Vehicles must watch out and give
way to aircraft before proceeding.
57
Red Hatched Lines
Defnes the safety area that must remain
clear at all times unless authorization
has been given by CAG. Only permitted
vehicles and equipment may be positioned
when PLB has docked to aircraft and must
be removed prior to retracting the PLB that is guided by a marshaller.
Notwithstanding the above, the PLB operator should not dock or retract the
PLB when a vehicle or equipment is parked between the parked aircraft
and PLB, even if the vehicle/equipment is parked outside the red hatched
area which is marked in blue in the diagram above.
Only right turn
Only left turn
8.5 Traffc Signs
Fuel Hydrant Pit
Point of fuel uplift for aircraft. Vehicles
not engaged in refuelling should not
go near the fuel hydrant pit.
Right-turn ahead
Left-turn ahead
Keep left
Split Traffc
(Vehicles may pass on either side.)
Stop
(Stop before the white line. Give way to traffc
from the right and left.)
Give Way
(Slow down, stop if necessary. Give way to traffc
on major road.)
No Entry
59
No Stopping
No Waiting
(Vehicles may stop to allow boarding or alighting.)
No right turn
No left turn
Height Limit
(Vehicles of height 4.5m or vehicles carrying
load exceeding height of 4.5m are not allowed
to enter.)
Speed Limit
(Do not exceed 50 kmh)
No Entry to Passenger Steps Vehicle
Right Bend
(Slow down. Keep left. Do no overtake, make a
U-turn or park.)
Left Bend
(Slow down. Keep left. Do no overtake, make a
U-turn or park.)
Cross Junction
(Slow down. Beware of approaching traffc.)
Side Road
(Slow down. Beware of vehicles from the right.)
Side Road
(Slow down. Beware of vehicles from the left.)
Two-way Traffc Ahead
(Slow down. Keep left. Beware of oncoming
traffc.)
Road narrows on one side
(Slow down. Do not overtake,
make a U-turn or park.)
61
Road narrows on both sides
(Slow down. Do not overtake, make a U-turn or
park.)
Lanes merging
(Slow down. Beware of traffc merging from the
right or left.)
Roundabout
(Slow down. Stop if necessary. Give way to traffc
on the right.)
Light signals ahead
(Slow down. Beware of traffc lights changing.)
Pedestrian Crossing Ahead
(Slow down. Stop for pedestrians to cross.)
Road Hump Ahead
(Slow down. Keep left. Do not overtake.)
Tunnel Ahead
(Slow down and beware of height limit.)
Areas In The Airside To Take Extra Precaution At
CAUTION
ROAD WORKS
AHEAD
60M
Road Works Ahead
Slow down and beware of obstruction
ahead.
Pedestrian Crossing Prohibited
Barrier
(Slow down and drive carefully.)
One-Way Street
Any vehicle parked in this zone will
have its wheel clamped
Pedestrian Crossing
Sharp Deviation
(Slow down and drive in the direction
indicated.)
63
9 AREAS IN THE AIRSIDE TO TAKE EXTRA PRECAUTION AT
9.1 Secondary Roadway @ C26 & D49

9.2 Roadway from South Perimeter towards T3 A21
9.3 Surface roadway R3N & R5N between NC1 and NC2

Only 1 vehicle permitted at any one time
Special signage
Zig-zag marking
9.4 R1S between T3 Bay 1 and B5 in front of T3 BHA
No through road for catering hi-
lift and especially A380 Direct
Upper Deck Catering (DUDC).
9.5 T3 Bay A20 & A21
Take note of varying height limit.
9.6 R4N/R7S @ D41
65
9.7 Secondary roadway which transverse apron taxiway 200s,
400s stands
9.8 R4/R5S Junction
Take note of traffc fow (see arrows stated below)
Annex A
9.9 West Underpass 2 (W-U2) - closed with immediate effect on
18 Feb 2011
This underpass has been closed and is no longer a roadway. It will
be converted in the future as a baggage screening/sorting facility
for transfer hold baggage.
The said area will have height limit of 2.2m. ONLY baggage
tractors will be allowed to enter.
With immediate effect. West underpass 2 (WU2) is no longer in use
except for baggage tractors only.
Annex A
67
ANNEX A
By-Law
No.
Offence Fine
LOW SEVERITY
10 Driver failing to allow free and uninterrupted passage
to aircraft passenger within the airside or failing to
give precedence to aircraft passenger.
$50
19 Driver failing to keep the vehicle to the right side of
the runway or taxiway, in so far as it is practicable,
when proceeding along a runway or taxiway.
$50
26 Vehicle towing another vehicle within the airside
without the use of a suitable towbar for that purpose.
$50
30 Parking a vehicle anywhere within the airside
except within a parking place set out in Part I of
the 1
st
schedule and in a parking lot in that parking
place specifcally designated by the airport licensee
for the category of vehicles to which the vehicle
belongs or failing to pay the parking fee specifed
in the 2
nd
schedule or driver failing to obey traffc
signs exhibited in the parking places or parking the
vehicle in such a manner causing the vehicle to
protrude beyond the boundaries of the parking lot
or to obstruct the entrance or exit of a parking lot
or parking place set out in Part I of the 1
st
schedule.
$100
31(2) Parking a vehicle, or cause or permit a vehicle to
remain at rest, in a parking place within the airside
in such a condition or circumstances as to appear
to the airport licensee to have been abandoned
without lawful authority.
$100
36 Person in charge of any equipment or vehicle used
in connection with the servicing of the aircraft failing
to immediately remove equipment or vehicle from
the aircraft stand and any other related parking
space, after the servicing of an aircraft, the aircraft
has taxied or been towed away.
$50
Annex A
Annex A
48(4) The driver of a vehicle on any road in the cargo
handling area or in any part of the cargo handling
area shall comply with all the traffc signs placed or
erected in the cargo handling area.
$100
50(1) No person shall park a vehicle anywhere in the
cargo handling area except (a) Within a parking
place set out in Part II of the First Schedule; and
(b) In a parking lot in that parking place specifcally
designated by the airport licensee for the category
of vehicles to which the vehicle belongs.
$100
50(2) Any person who parks a vehicle in a parking place
shall pay such parking fee as may be set by the
airport licensee and displayed on signs affxed or
placed in a conspicuous position at the entrance of
the parking place.
$100
50(3) Any person who parks a vehicle in a parking place
shall obey all the traffc signs exhibited in the parking
place.
$100
50(4) No person shall park a vehicle in such a manner
as to cause the vehicle to protrude beyond the
boundaries of the parking lot, or to obstruct the
entrance or exit of a parking lot or parking place set
out in Part II of the First Schedule.
$100
50(5) No person shall park a vehicle in a season parking
lot unless he (a) Is an authorized person; or (b) Is
in possession of, and displays visibly on the vehicle
for inspection, a valid season parking label issued
by the airport licensee for the use of such parking
lot.
$100
50(6) No person shall park a vehicle in a reserved parking
lot unless he (a) Is an authorized person or; (b) Is
for inspection, a valid reserved parking label issued
lot.
$100
Annex A
Annex A
69
50(7) No person shall park a vehicle in an hourly parking
lot unless he (a) Is an authorized person or; (b) Is
for inspection a valid hourly parking ticket issued
lot within the date and time stipulated on the hourly
parking ticket.
$100
51(2) No person shall park a vehicle or cause or permit a
vehicle to remain at rest in the cargo handling area
in such condition or circumstances as to appear to
the airport licensee to have been abandoned without
lawful authority.
$100
40 Passenger embark onto or disembark from an
aircraft entering the airside without being escorted
by an employee or agent of an airline.
$50
47(1) No person or vehicle shall enter or leave the cargo
handling area except through an entrance or exit
designated by the airport licensee.
$50
49 Except with the prior permission of the airport
licensee, no person shall park or stop a vehicle in
any loading or unloading bay of any warehouse unit
in the cargo handling area.
$100
14 Driver reversing vehicle towards an aircraft in the
movement area, except where the vehicle is used for
servicing that aircraft and such reversing is carried
out under the direction of a vehicle marshaller.
$50
16(1) Driver failing to keep the vehicle at least 5 metres
away from any wing-tip of a stationary aircraft (shall
not apply where the vehicle is directly below the
wing-tip of the aircraft).
$50
24 Driving any vehicle (other than of a type pre-
approved by the airport licensee for use in Baggage
Handling Area) into a baggage handling area within
the airside.
$100
Annex A
Annex A
15 Driver causing a vehicle to approach an aircraft
which has its engines running.
$50
25 Travelling in any vehicle in the airside otherwise
than seated in a passenger seat provided in the
vehicle or standing in a section of the vehicle which
has been constructed for standing passengers.
$50
32 Person walking within or crossing the movement
area at any time, unless he is permitted by the
airport licensee to do so.
$50
33 Person (other than a member of the maintenance
staff working on an aircraft), failing to keep clear of
the aircrafts engines and passing within a radius of
7.5metres from the air intake of the aircraft or within
a radius of 76metres from the rear of a running jet
engine of the aircraft.
$50
43(1) Person entering or performing work within the apron,
including aircraft stands and compass swing area,
failing to wear a high visibility safety vest at all times.
$50
43(2) Person cycling on any roadway within the airside
failing to wear a high visibility safety vest.
$50
52 No person other than the driver of a vehicle shall
travel in any vehicle in the cargo handling area unless
he is seated in a passenger seat provided in the
vehicle or standing in a section of the vehicle which
has been constructed for standing passengers.
$50
MID SEVERITY
5(1) Driver failing to comply with the directions or verbal
instructions given by an authorised offcer regulating
traffc within the airside.
$120
5(2) Driver failing to comply with restrictions on and
stipulations for vehicle loads (relating to height,
weight, distribution, packing, adjustment of vehicle
loads and no. of passengers allowed to be carried in
vehicles) within the airside.
$150
Annex A
Annex A
71
5(4) Driver failing to obey all traffc signs placed or
erected in the movement area, or on or along the
road or other part within the airside.
$120
7 Driver leaving broken-down vehicle unattended
within the airside, failing to immediately inform Duty
Apron Controller (if breakdown occurs in apron)
and Duty Tower Controller (if breakdown occurs in
manoeuvring area) and the owner of the vehicle
and failing to arrange for immediate removal of the
vehicle or failing to ensure aircraft or other vehicles
are not obstructed by the breakdown.
$120
27 Owner of vehicle failing to ensure that a vehicle
used within the airside is maintained in good working
condition and failing to ensure that condition and all
its parts and accessories is such that no danger is
caused or likely to be caused to any person in or on
the vehicle, or any person on any road within the
airside.
$120
31(1) Parking a vehicle or causing or permitting a vehicle
to remain at rest, on any road within the airside
in such a position, condition or circumstances as
to be likely to cause danger, obstruction or undue
inconvenience to other users of the road or to traffc
within the airside.
$120
41 Person driving or employing or permitting another
person to drive, any vehicle within the airside unless
the person driving the vehicle has been properly
trained and certifed to meet the standards approved
by the airport licensee for driving within the airside.
$120
46(2) No person shall load or unload any fuel tank in the
cargo handling area.
$120
Annex A
Annex A
48(1) The driver of a vehicle in the cargo handling area
shall comply with any direction or verbal instruction
given by any authorised person who is for the time
being engaged in the regulation of traffc in the cargo
handling area.
$120
48(2) The driver of a vehicle in the cargo handling
area shall comply with such restrictions on and
stipulation for vehicle loads (relating to the height,
weight, distribution, packing, adjustment of vehicle
loads and the number of passengers allowed in
each vehicle) in the cargo handling area as may be
imposed by the airport licensee.
$150
51(1) No person shall park a vehicle or cause or permit
a vehicle to remain at rest on any road in the
cargo handling area in such a position, condition
or circumstances as to be likely to cause danger,
obstruction or undue inconvenience to other users
of the road or to traffc in the cargo handling area.
$120
53(1) The driver of a vehicle shall ensure that at all times
(a) The number of passengers carried in or on the
vehicle and the manner in which any such passenger
is carried; and (b) The weight, distribution, packing
and adjustment of any load on the vehicle, is such
that no danger is caused or is likely to be caused to
any person in or on the vehicle, or any person on
any road in the cargo handling area.
$150
53(2) The driver of a vehicle shall ensure that any load
carried by the vehicle is at all times secured or place
in a position such that danger is not likely to be
caused to any person, vehicle or aircraft (a) By
reason of the load or any part thereof falling from the
vehicle; or (b) By reason of any other movement of
the load or any part thereof in relation to the vehicle.
$150
Annex A
Annex A
73
53(5) The driver of a vehicle shall ensure that no part of
a load on the vehicle or any covering of such load
causes or is likely to cause danger, obstruction or
annoyance to other persons using the road.
$150
53(6) Except as otherwise permitted by the airport
licensee, the driver of a vehicle shall ensure that
no part of a load on the vehicle or any covering of
such load (a) Trails along the road; (b) Projects in
front of the vehicle; or (c) Projects laterally beyond
the body or wheels of the vehicle or any authorized
ftting permanently attached to the vehicle.
$150
55(1) Except with prior permission of the airport licensee,
no person shall leave any cargo or cargo handling
and transporting equipment on a roadway, driveway,
vehicular ramp or parking place in the cargo handling
area.
$150
55(2) No person shall leave any refuse or litter in the cargo
handling area.
$150
69(1) No person shall (a) Drive a vehicle of any description
in the cargo handling area unless he is the holder of
a valid driving licence for the appropriate class of
vehicles issued under Road Traffc Act (Cap. 276);
or (b) Employ or permit another person to drive a
vehicle in the cargo handling area unless the person
so employed or permitted to drive is the holder of
a valid driving licence for the appropriate class of
vehicles issued under the Road Traffc Act.
$120
69(2) Without prejudice to paragraph (1), no person
shall (a) Drive a forklift in the cargo handling area
unless he is the holder of valid forklift driving permit;
or (b) Employ or permit another person to drive a
forklift in the cargo handling area unless the person
so employed or permitted to drive is the holder of a
valid forklift driving permit.
$120
Annex A
Annex A
HIGH SEVERITY
4(1) Driving at a speed exceeding the speed limit of 30
km/h on roads in the vicinity of aircraft stands or 50
km/h on roads away from vicinity of aircraft stands
or 5km/h within 10 metres from an aircraft parked at
aircraft stand.
$170
6 Driver failing to give way to an aircraft at all times or
give maximum clearance to the aircraft.
$170
8 Driver failing to obtain prior clearance from the Duty
Tower Controller before proceeding to any part of
the manoeuvring area.
$170
9 Driver failing to stop at point of entry to the
manoeuvring area or failing to ascertain that there
is no aircraft movement before driving into the
manoeuvring area.
$170
12 Driver starting up a motor vehicle in the movement
area within 15 metres of any aircraft that is being
refuelled.
$170
17 Driver failing to keep the vehicle within the red apron
boundary line that separates the taxiway from the
apron and away from the manouevring area when
driving the vehicle in the movement area parallel
to an aircraft taxiing on the taxiway or driver failing
to keep the vehicle in the movement area at safety
distance of at least 200 metres in front of or at
least 250 metres behind any aircraft taxiing on the
taxiway.
$170
Annex A
Annex A
75
21 Driver failing to observe the red traffc light signals
installed at various locations within the airside where
vehicular traffc lanes cross the taxiways or failing to
slow the vehicle down when the vehicle approaches
the taxiway or failing to stop the vehicle before the
stop line at the crossing and keep a lookout for any
aircraft that is taxiing towards the crossing whether
or not the red traffc light signals at the crossing are
illuminated or failing to ensure it is safe to proceed
across the taxiway only if the red traffc light signals
are not illuminated.
$200
22 Driver failing to ensure vehicle is equipped with a
2-way radio communication system when driving on
any runway or taxiway or driver failing to comply with
respective light signals when driving a vehicle not
equipped with a 2-way radio (only when permitted
by the airport licensee) on a runway or taxiway.
$170
23 Driver of a vehicle crossing the movement area in front
of the path of a taxiing aircraft or an aircraft on tow.
$170
34 Person proceeding onto the apron without obtaining
prior clearance from the Duty Apron Controller.
$170
37 Person leaving or causing or permit to be left, any
material, handling or transporting equipment, refuse
or litter on any roadway, driveway or vehicular ramp,
on in any other part in the airside.
$200
44(1) Person using a mobile telephone while driving a
vehicle or operating equipment within the airside.
$200
45 Person consuming any food or beverage in the
movement area except in the offces located on the
apron or on board an aircraft or feeding any bird or
animal within the airside.
$170
91(1) Any person who drives a vehicle or operates any
equipment in any part of the airport shall do so with
care and attention and with reasonable consideration
for other persons in the airport.
$170
Useful Phone Numbers
Notes
USEFUL TELEPHONE NUMBERS
Changi Airport Group (S) Pte Ltd
Airside Control Centre 6541 2257
6541 2258
Airside Management Centre (AMC) 6541 2273
6541 2275
Airport Emergency Service Hotline 6541 2525
Airside Driving Centre 6541 2847
Medical Emergency Hotline 6543 2223
Airport Police Division (APD)
Airport Police (Operations Room) 6546 0000
Changi Airport Fuel Hydrant 6546 4316
Installation (CAFHI) Control Room
With effect from 6 September 2010, the duty airside offcers contact numbers
at Budget Terminal are no longer in use in view of consolidation of Budget
Terminal operations back to AMC and ACC.
Useful Phone Numbers
Notes
77
Notes
Notes
Notes
Notes
79
Notes
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ADTH - Airside Driving Theory Handbook

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What are the requirements for driving in the airside?

What are the rules for driving near aircraft?

Second Edition

ISBN 978-981-08-5178-1 Copyright 2010-2011 Changi Airport Group

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