Designation: A 952/A 952M 02

Standard Specication for

Forged Grade 80 and Grade 100 Steel Lifting Components
and Welded Attachment Links
1
This standard is issued under the xed designation A952/A952M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specication covers the requirements for forged
alloy steel lifting components and welded coupling and master
links for Grade 80 and Grade 100 alloy chain slings as
described in Specication A 906/A 906M.
1.2 Two grades of components and welded links are cov-
ered:
1.2.1 Grade 80.
1.2.2 Grade 100.
1.3 This specication is a performance standard. Other
standards apply to use of these products. Some of these
standards are: OSHA 1910.184, ASME B30.10, and ASME
B30.9.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to
be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not
exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used inde-
pendently of the other. Combining values from the two systems
may result in nonconformance with the specication.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 29/A 29M Specication for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy,
Hot-Wrought and Cold-Finished, General Requirements
for
2
A 391/A 391M Specication for Grade 80 Alloy Steel
Chain
2
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
3
A 906 Specication for Alloy Steel Chain Slings for Over-
head Lifting
2
A 973/A 973M Specication for Grade 100 Alloy Steel
Chain
2
E 4 Practices for Force Verication of Testing Machines
4
E 44 Denitions of Terms Relating to Heat Treatment of
Metals
5
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
6
E 709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination
6
2.2 Other Standards:
OSHA 1910.184 Slings
7
ASME B30.9 Slings
8
ASME B30.10 Hooks
8
3. Terminology
3.1 Denitions of Terms Specic to This Standard:
3.1.1 breaking force, minimumthe minimum force in
pounds or newtons at which the component has been found by
verication testing to break when a constantly increasing force
was applied in direct tension. This test is a manufacturers
design verication test and shall not be used as criteria for
service.
3.1.2 chain slingan assembly consisting of alloy steel
chain joined to upper and lower end components for attaching
loads to be lifted by a crane or lifting machine.
3.1.3 coupling linka link tted to the end of the chain to
connect to another component of the sling. See Fig. 1.
3.1.4 master linka link used as an upper end component
of a chain sling and by means of which the sling may be
attached to a crane or other device. See Fig. 1.
3.1.5 master coupling link (secondary or intermediate
link)a link used on three and four leg slings to connect the
legs to a master link. See Fig. 1.
3.1.6 proof testa quality control tensile test applied to
components for the purpose of verifying manufacturing and
material quality. It is the minimum force in pounds or newtons
which the component has withstood at the time it left the
producer, under a test in which a constantly increasing force
1
This specication is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.27 on Steel Chain.
Current edition approved May 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originally
published as A 95296. Last previous edition A 95298.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.
6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
7
Available from OSHA.
8
Available from ASME, 345 E. 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.
1
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
FIG. 1 General Component Conguration
A 952/A 952M 02
2
FIG. 1 General Component Conguration (continued)
A 952/A 952M 02
3
has been applied in direct tension. Proof test loads are a
manufacturing integrity test and shall not be used as criteria for
service.
3.1.7 traceability codea series of letters, or numbers, or
both, marked on a component which enables its manufacturing
history, including identity of the steel heat, to be traced.
3.1.8 working load limit (WLL)the maximum combined
static and dynamic load in pounds or kilograms that shall be
applied in direct tension to the component.
4. Classication
4.1 Only Grade 80 and Grade 100 components are covered
under this specication.
4.2 Sixteen classes of components are covered under this
specication. The general conguration on these components
are shown in Fig. 1.
4.2.1 Class EGHEye Grab Hook.
4.2.2 Class CGHClevis Grab Hook.
4.2.3 Class ESHEye Sling Hook.
4.2.4 Class CSHClevis Sling Hook.
4.2.5 Class EFHEye Foundry Hook.
4.2.6 Class CFHClevis Foundry Hook.
4.2.7 Class CLMCoupling Link, Mechanical.
4.2.8 Class ESLHEye Self-Locking Hook.
4.2.9 Class CSLHClevis Self-Locking Hook.
4.2.10 Class ECGHEye Claw Grab Hook.
4.2.11 Class CCGHClevis Claw Grab Hook.
4.2.12 Class MLMaster Link.
4.2.13 Class MCLMaster Coupling Link.
4.2.14 Class CLCoupling Link.
4.2.15 Class CCLClevis Coupling Link.
4.2.16 Class OTHSpecialty components may be required
for certain applications.
4.3 For the classes listed in 4.2, an S prex denotes a
component with a swivel joint.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under
this specication. Such requirements to be considered include,
but are not limited to, the following:
5.1.1 Product to conform to Specication A 952 or Speci-
cation A 952M and year of issue.
5.1.2 Nominal size of component, in. [mm] (see Note 1).
5.1.3 Grade of component.
5.1.4 Class of component.
5.1.5 Quantity of components.
5.1.6 Finish, if required.
5.1.7 Certication, if required.
5.1.8 Acceptance of inspection by purchaser, if required.
5.1.9 Supplementary requirements, if required.
NOTE 1Component size and working load limits are based on Grade
80 and Grade 100 alloy steel chain nominal sizes. See Specication
A 391/A 391M and A 973/A 973M.
6. Materials
6.1 QualityThe selection of the type of steel is left to the
judgment of the manufacturer provided the material meets the
requirements set forth in 6.2 and 6.3.
6.2 Melting ProcessThe steel used shall be produced by
an electric process or by an oxygen blown process. The steel
shall be fully killed and have an austenitic grain size of 5 or
ner.
6.3 Chemical Requirements:
6.3.1 The alloy steel used shall contain at least two of the
three alloying agents in the minimum percentages as listed
below:
Nickel 0.40 % minimum
Chromium 0.40 % minimum
Molybdenum 0.15 % minimum
6.3.2 The phosphorous and sulfur content of the steel shall
not exceed 0.025 % for each element.
6.3.3 Product AnalysisThe steel used may be analyzed by
the purchaser and shall conform to the requirements of 6.3.1
and 6.3.2 subject to the product analysis tolerances specied in
Specication A 29/A 29M. Test samples may be taken from
rods, bars, or nished product.
6.3.4 Chemical analysis of material covered by this speci-
cation for referee purposes shall be in accordance with Test
Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.
7. Manufacture
7.1 The body of all components shall be forged hot in one
piece, with the exception of Class ML, MCL and CL link
components.
7.2 Excess metal ash shall be cleanly removed, leaving the
surface free from sharp edges.
7.3 Class ML, MCL, and CL link components may be
manufactured using the electric welding, gas welding, or
forging process.
7.4 Ancillary components such as load pins, latches, bear-
ings, and springs need not be forged components.
7.5 Welding shall not be used to repair forged components.
Grinding of surface discontinuities may be carefully performed
as long as no dimension is altered outside of the manufacturers
dimensions and tolerances for that component. All ground
areas must blend in smoothly with the surface.
7.6 Heat TreatmentAfter forging or welding is completed,
each load bearing component shall be heat treated before
applying the proof test. Heat treatment shall include quenching
and tempering as dened in Denitions E 44.
7.7 After heat treatment, furnace scale shall be removed
from the component.
8. Performance Requirements
8.1 Proof TestAll components shall be proof tested as
required per 8.1.1 through 8.1.5. All tests shall be performed on
equipment certiable to Practices E 4.
8.1.1 All components used on single legs of slings shall be
tested to at least the proof test load prescribed in Table 1 for
Grade 80 components and Table 2 for Grade 100 components.
8.1.2 All components to which two legs of a sling are
attached shall be proof tested to at least a load equal to four
times the working load limit of the relevant size single leg
component shown in Table 1 for Grade 80 components and
Table 2 for Grade 100 components.
8.1.3 All components to which three or four legs of a sling
are attached shall be proof tested to at least a load equal to six
A 952/A 952M 02
4
times the working load limit of the relevant size single leg
component shown in Table 1 for Grade 80 components and
Table 2 for Grade 100 components.
8.1.4 The xture over which Class ML, MCL, and CL
components are proof tested shall be a maximum of 60% of the
inside width and suitably large to prevent localized point
loading and deformation of the links.
8.1.5 All components shall withstand the proof test load
without loss of integrity or detrimental dimensional changes as
dened in 8.3.1. Components that do not withstand the proof
test shall be discarded.
8.2 Design Verication Requirements:
8.2.1 The purpose of the verication tests is to prove the
design, material, heat treatment, and method of manufacture of
each size of component. Any change of design, material, heat
treatment, method of manufacture or in any dimension outside
normal manufacturing tolerances shall require that verication
be performed on the modied components.
8.2.2 The tests specied in 8.3 shall be performed on at least
three samples of each size of component of each design,
material, heat treatment, and method of manufacture. During
testing, the force shall be applied to the component axially
without shock.
8.3 Design Verication Tests:
8.3.1 Deformation TestThree samples shall be tested and
each shall withstand the proof test load as prescribed in 8.1. No
dimension shall be altered after the proof test by more than 1 %
of the initial dimension. Class ML, MCL, and CL components
are exempt from the deformation requirement test.
8.3.2 Breaking Force Test:
8.3.2.1 For single leg components, three samples shall be
tested and be capable of withstanding the relevant minimum
breaking force as prescribed in Table 1 for Grade 80 compo-
nents and Table 2 for Grade 100 components.
8.3.2.2 For components to which two sling legs will be
attached, the minimum breaking force is twice the minimum
breaking force shown in Table 1 for Grade 80 components and
Table 2 for Grade 100 components.
8.3.2.3 For components to which three or four sling legs
will be attached, the minimum breaking force is three times the
minimum breaking force shown in Table 1 for Grade 80
components and Table 2 for Grade 100 components.
8.3.2.4 The component shall show evidence of ductility
prior to failure. Ductility is dened as the altering of a
dimension by more than 15 % from its original condition. Class
CLM components are exempted from this minimum ductility
requirement.
NOTE 2It is not necessary to test the component to its actual breaking
force as long as the minimum breaking force loads and deformation
requirements are obtained.
NOTE 3The breaking force tests may be conducted on the samples
used for the deformation tests.
8.3.3 Fatigue Test:
8.3.3.1 Three samples shall be tested and each shall be
capable of withstanding at least 20 000 cycles of the force
range without failure.
8.3.3.2 The force range applied during each cycle shall be at
least equivalent to 1.5 times the working load limit specied in
Table 1 for Grade 80 and Table 2 for Grade 100 for that size
component. The minimum force in each cycle shall be positive.
8.3.3.3 The frequency of force applications shall not be
greater than 25 Hz.
8.3.3.4 The xtures used in fatigue testing shall be suitably
large to prevent localized point loading or deformation of the
component. The xture shall be a maximum of 60% of the
inside width for Class ML, MCL, and CL components.
9. Dimensional Requirements
9.1 The dimensions of the components are left to the
judgment of the component manufacturer provided that the
dimensions are sufficient to meet the requirements set forth in
this specication.
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
10.1 The components, at the time of shipment, shall be free
of discontinuities that would prevent the components from
enduring the working load limit forces.
10.2 The manufacturer may apply a surface treatment or
coating of their own choice for identication or corrosion
resistance unless the customer species otherwise.
11. Retests
11.1 If one of the verication test samples fails to meet the
requirements of 8.3.1, 8.3.2, or 8.3.3, two additional samples
shall be tested. If both additional tests meet or exceed the
requirements, the component is considered in compliance with
this specication. If two or more of the original samples or one
of the retests fail to meet the requirements of 8.3.1, 8.3.2, or
8.3.3, the component does not comply with this specication.
TABLE 1 Mechanical Requirements for Grade 80 Single Leg
Components
Nominal Size Working Load
Limit, max
Proof Test
A
, min Minimum
Breaking Force
A
in. mm lb kg lb kN lb kN
7
32 5.5 2100 970 4200 19.0 8400 38.0
9
32 7.0 3500 1570 7000 30.8 14 000 61.6
5
16 8.0 4500 2000 9000 40.3 18 000 80.6
3
8 10.0 7100 3200 14 200 63.0 28 400 126.0
1
2 13.0 12 000 5400 24 000 107.0 48 000 214.0
5
8 16.0 18 000 8200 36 200 161.0 72 400 322.0
3
4 20.0 28 300 12 800 56 600 252.0 113 200 504.0
7
8 22.0 34 200 15 500 68 400 305.0 136 800 610.0
1 26.0 47 700 21 600 95 400 425.0 190 800 850.0
1
1
4 32.0 72 300 32 800 144 600 644.0 289 200 1288.0
A
The proof test and minimum breaking force loads shall not be used as criteria
for service (See Section 3).
TABLE 2 Mechanical Requirements for Grade 100 Single Leg
Components
Nominal Size Working Load
Limit, max
Proof Test, min Breaking Force,
min
in. mm lb kg lb kN lb kN
7
32 5.5 2700 1220 5400 23.8 10 800 47.6
9
32 7.0 4300 1950 8600 38.5 17 200 77
5
16 8.0 5700 2600 11 400 51 22 800 102
3
8 10.0 8800 4000 17 600 79 35 200 158
1
2 13.0 15 000 6800 30 000 134 60 000 268
5
8 16.0 22 600 10 300 45 200 201 90 400 402
3
4 20.0 35 300 16 000 70 600 315 141 200 630
7
8 22.0 42 700 19 400 85 400 381 170 800 762
A 952/A 952M 02
5
12. Inspection
12.1 When requested on the purchase order or contract, the
component shall be free of paint or other coatings which could
mask surface discontinuities at the time of inspection.
12.2 The manufacturer shall afford the purchasers inspector
all reasonable facilities necessary to verify that the component
produced is being furnished in accordance with this specica-
tion. Inspection by the purchaser shall not interfere unneces-
sarily with the manufacturers operations. All tests and inspec-
tion shall be made at the place of manufacture, unless
otherwise agreed upon.
12.3 The purchaser may perform the tests to govern accep-
tance or rejection of the component at their own laboratory or
elsewhere. Tests and acceptance criteria shall conform to the
requirements contained in this specication unless otherwise
stated in the purchase order. Tests at the purchasers laboratory
or elsewhere shall be made at the expense of the purchaser.
13. Rejection and Rehearing
13.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements of
this specication may be rejected. Rejection shall be reported
to the producer or supplier promptly and in writing.
13.2 In the case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test
in 12.3, the manufacturer may make claim for a rehearing.
14. Certication
14.1 When specied on the purchase order or contract, a
certication shall be issued by the manufacturer. The certicate
shall include at least the following:
14.1.1 Name of the manufacturer.
14.1.2 Conformance to Specication A 952 or Specication
A 952M and year of issue.
14.1.3 Size of component, in. [mm].
14.1.4 Grade of component.
14.1.5 Class of component.
14.1.6 Quantity and description of the component.
14.1.7 Proof test force applied, lb [kN].
14.1.8 Working load limit of the component, lb [kg].
15. Product Marking
15.1 Forged ComponentsEach component shall be leg-
ibly and indelibly marked in a manner which will not impair
the mechanical properties of the component. This marking
shall include at least the following:
15.1.1 Component size, in. [mm]. Class ML, MCL, and CL
components are exempt from this marking requirement.
15.1.2 GradeThe marking for Grade 80 shall be at least 8,
80 or 800, or any combination. The marking for Grade 100
shall be at least 10, 100, or 1000, or any combination. Class
ML, MCL, and CL components are exempt from this marking
requirement.
15.1.3 The manufacturers symbol, mark, or code.
15.1.4 The traceability code.
15.2 Welded ComponentsEach Class ML component shall
be legibly and indelibly marked in a manner which will not
impair the mechanical properties of the component. This
marking shall include at least the following:
15.2.1 The manufacturers symbol, mark, or code.
15.2.2 The traceability code.
16. Keywords
16.1 alloy steelchain; chain slings; steel chain; steel
chaincomponents
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following Supplementary Requirements shall apply only when specied in the purchasing
contract or order.
S1. Non-Destructive Inspection
S1.1 When specied by the purchaser in the contract or
order, components shall be inspected by magnetic particle
inspection per Practice E 709, by die penetrant inspection per
Practice E 165, or by other means stated in the contract or
order.
S1.2 The acceptance/rejection criteria shall be specied in
the purchase order or contract. If no criteria is specied,
indications greater than 0.08 in. [2 mm] occurring in areas of
the components which are subject to tensile stresses are cause
for rejection.
S1.3 The percentage of components to be inspected shall be
specied in the purchase order or contract. If no criteria is
specied, inspection shall be performed on 100 % of the
components.
S1.4 Rework by grinding to remove indications is permitted
provided the requirements of 7.5 are maintained.
A 952/A 952M 02
6
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
(1) Changed branch and branches to leg and legs,
respectively; changed tting and ttings to component
and components, respectively throughout.
(2) Deleted dentions for end tting and overhead lifting
and previous section 9.2.
(3) Revised 1.1, 3.1.13.1.5, 7.6, 8.1, 8.3.1, 8.3.2.18.3.2.3,
13.1, 15.1.1, 15.1.2, Fig. 1,Table 1, and Table 2.
(4) Added 8.1.4, 8.3.3.4, and 15.2.
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every ve years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
(www.astm.org).
A 952/A 952M 02
7