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    Philo

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    Kant's moral philosophy centers around the concepts of good will and the categorical imperative. [1] For Kant, having a good will is the sole condition for morality. [2] A good will is absolute and not dependent on external factors like nature or fortune. [3] One acts with a good will by acting in accordance with one's duty as dictated by reason through the categorical imperative.

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    Philo

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    613 views3 pages
    Kant's moral philosophy centers around the concepts of good will and the categorical imperative. [1] For Kant, having a good will is the sole condition for morality. [2] A good will is absolute and not dependent on external factors like nature or fortune. [3] One acts with a good will by acting in accordance with one's duty as dictated by reason through the categorical imperative.

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    Kant's moral philosophy centers around the concepts of good will and the categorical imperative. [1] For Kant, having a good will is the sole condition for morality. [2] A good will is absolute and not dependent on external factors like nature or fortune. [3] One acts with a good will by acting in accordance with one's duty as dictated by reason through the categorical imperative.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    613 views3 pages

    Philo

    Uploaded by

    dll123
    Kant's moral philosophy centers around the concepts of good will and the categorical imperative. [1] For Kant, having a good will is the sole condition for morality. [2] A good will is absolute and not dependent on external factors like nature or fortune. [3] One acts with a good will by acting in accordance with one's duty as dictated by reason through the categorical imperative.

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    Denise Leavina G.

    Lua Philo104-Final Oral Exams


    I. Naka-sentro ang moralidad ni Kant sa mabuting kalooban at imperatibong
    kategorikal. Ang taong may kahalagahang moral ay siyang may mabuting
    kalooban. Para kay Kant, ang mabuting kalooban ay ang natatanging
    kundisyon ng lahat ng kabutihan. Ito ay absoluto, ibig sabihin, hindi
    sinusukat ng kalikasan, kapalaran at bunga ang ating pagkakaroon ng
    mabuting kalooban. May mabuting kalooban tayo kapag tayo ay kumikilos
    ayon sa ating tungkulin at wala nang iba. Kung gayon, dapat ang tungkulin
    ang natatanging motibo ng pagkilos sa tungkulin dahil ito ang natatanging
    batayan ng pagkakaroon ng mabuting kalooban. Ang tungkulin ay dinidikta
    ng ating imperatibong kategorikal. Ang ating imperatibong kategorikal ang
    naghahain sa atin kung ano ang dapat nating gawin(moral obligation), at ito
    ay dapat absoluto. Galing ito sa ating rasyonal na kalooban sa ating puro
    at praktikal na kalooban. Kung kayat ang taong immoral ay irasyunal dahil
    linalabag niya ang kanyang imperatibong kategorikal.
    II.
    a. Dapat pinamamahalaan tayo ng ating sarili. Kapag sumusunod tayo sa
    ating sariling pamahalaan, mas hindi natin kinakailangan ang panlabas na
    pamahalaan.
    - IK ay galing sa ating sarili bilang rasyunal puro at praktikal na kalooban
    - Kant means by autonomy of the will the property the will has of being a law to itself. The
    moral law is internal to the moral agent since the agent makes it himself in his own practical
    reasoning.
    b. Dapit walang pag-iimbot tayo sa sarili(selfless) upang maging tunay na
    taong may halagang moral.
    - Duty should not be done because it is a happy thing to do the duty.
    - The moral law is its own foundation; it is autonomous, being neither imposed by an external
    motive, nor deduced by the purely speculative reason from theoretical principles, but being
    impressed in the will by the practical reason and revealed to us by immediate
    consciousness.
    - motives are derogatory to the moral worth of actions. Kant carried his reverence for the
    moral law to the extreme the exclusion of egoistic motive as derogatory to the moral worth of
    actions.
    - The hypothetical ought is also quite individualized. What I ought to do is contingent on my
    own individual goal or plan. The action serves as a means to whatever goal I happen to have.
    Other people ought to do different things because they have different goals from mine.


    c. Ang moralidad ay kailangang may pagsisikap at hindi ito pre-determined.
    Dapat may kontrol ang tao upang mahatulan ang kanyang kahalagahang
    moral.
    - It is not the consequence of the act that gives it moral worth. No person may be blamed for
    intending and trying to do what he thought is right but which turned out badly. The idea is that
    generally no one ought to be blamed or praised for what is not in his control. The consequences
    of our acts are not always in our control and things do not always turn out as we want. It is our
    motives that we have control over and so for Kant we are responsible for our motive to do good
    or bad and thus it is for this that we are held morally accountable.
    - Good will represents the effort of rational being to do what he ought to do, rather than to act from inclination or self-interest.
    - Duty should not be done because it is a happy thing to do the duty.
    - The duty is to do the good and not to be happy. The importance of doing duty for its own
    sake appears all the more clearly when the duty has to be done despite the pain or
    discomfort involved in the doing.

    d. Hindi tungkulin ng tao na maghanap ng kaligayahan ngunit isa itong
    gatimpala (kasalukuyang o eternal na buhay) sa pagsunod sa tungkulin.
    - Morality is likewise not founded on happiness; for the essential characteristic of the moral
    law is its obligatoriness, and no one is obliged to be happy.
    - It is not, furthermore, founded on perfection of self; for perfection is, in the final analysis,
    reducible to pleasure or happiness.

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