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    Finnish Verbs

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    Alexandra Weiss
    Finnish verbs can be categorized into six types based on their endings. They also decline based on tense, including present, past, perfect, and past perfect. Verbs are conjugated according to mood, including indicative, conditional, imperative, and potential. Key verb forms that must be learned are the infinitive, first person singular present, and third person plural present. Verbs also have personal endings that change based on singular or plural first, second, or third person. Additionally, verbs can be transitive or intransitive, which impacts whether they take an object or not.

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    Finnish Verbs

    Uploaded by

    Alexandra Weiss
    2K views2 pages
    Finnish verbs can be categorized into six types based on their endings. They also decline based on tense, including present, past, perfect, and past perfect. Verbs are conjugated according to mood, including indicative, conditional, imperative, and potential. Key verb forms that must be learned are the infinitive, first person singular present, and third person plural present. Verbs also have personal endings that change based on singular or plural first, second, or third person. Additionally, verbs can be transitive or intransitive, which impacts whether they take an object or not.

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    Finski glagoli

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    Finnish verbs can be categorized into six types based on their endings. They also decline based on tense, including present, past, perfect, and past perfect. Verbs are conjugated according to mood, including indicative, conditional, imperative, and potential. Key verb forms that must be learned are the infinitive, first person singular present, and third person plural present. Verbs also have personal endings that change based on singular or plural first, second, or third person. Additionally, verbs can be transitive or intransitive, which impacts whether they take an object or not.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    2K views2 pages

    Finnish Verbs

    Uploaded by

    Alexandra Weiss
    Finnish verbs can be categorized into six types based on their endings. They also decline based on tense, including present, past, perfect, and past perfect. Verbs are conjugated according to mood, including indicative, conditional, imperative, and potential. Key verb forms that must be learned are the infinitive, first person singular present, and third person plural present. Verbs also have personal endings that change based on singular or plural first, second, or third person. Additionally, verbs can be transitive or intransitive, which impacts whether they take an object or not.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Finnish Verbs

    Verb types
    Verbs are a class of words that are to express actions, processes and
    conditions. In Finnish, there are six types of verbs (V means any vowel):
    Type 1 (-Va/ -V, e.g. lukea, puhua, etc.)
    Type 2 (-da/-d, e.g. saada, syd, etc.)
    Type 3 (-la/-l, -na/-n, -ra/-r, -sta/-st, e.g. tulla, menn, surra, nousta,
    etc.)
    Type 4 (-Vta/-Vt, e.g. haluta, pelt, pelata etc.)
    Type 5 (-ita/-it, e.g. tarvita, mainita, hallita, etc.)
    Type 6 (-eta/-et, e.g. paeta, kyet, etc.)
    Tense
    In addition Finnish verbs decline according to 4 tenses:
    the present tense (e.g. puhun)
    the preterite or past tense (e.g. puhuin)
    the perfect tense (e.g. olen puhunut)
    the past perfect or pluperfect tense (e.g. olin puhunut)
    Mood
    Finnish verbs also have 4 moods:
    the indicative (e.g. puhun)
    the conditional (e.g. puhuisin)
    the imperative (e.g. puhu!)
    the potential (e.g. puhunen)
    The indicative can be used with all 4 tenses, the conditional and the potential
    with the present and past, and the imperative only with the present.
    The three most important forms
    In order to use a verb in Finnish, there are three basic forms of that verb that
    need to be remembered:
    the infinitive form
    the 1st person singular present form
    the 3rd person plural present form
    Personal endings for the verbs
    In Finnish, there are 6 personal endings for verbs:

    Singular Plural
    1st person -n -mme
    2nd person -t -tte
    3rd person -V or - -vat or -vt
    NB! These endings look like the negative verb forms, minus the e- in the
    beginning. In addition, when using the 3rd person forms, you must
    remember vowel harmony.
    The negative verb
    There is a so-called negative verb in Finnish, which declines according to
    person and, in effect, removes the affirmative verb's personal suffix,
    e.g. puhun 'I talk' becomes en puhu 'I don't talk'.

    Transitive and intransitive verbs
    When using Finnish, proper attention should be paid as to whether and
    intransitive verb (never takes an object) is needed or a transitive one (may
    take an object). For instance, the sentenceJohtajamme erotettiin is
    completely different in meaning from Johtajamme erosi. In the first one, the
    infinitive is erottaa, and the manager was dismissed (he was asked to leave),
    whereas in the second one the infinitive form is erota and he quit (he left on
    his own). To somewhat facilitate this, I have put up a chart comparing the
    two.

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