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ProAnalytics
Friday, 29 August 2014
CHI-SQUARE Chi-Square ( ) This distribution was first described by the German statistician Friedrich Robert Helmert in papers of 1875/1876 where he computed the samplin! distribution of the sample "ariance of a normal population# Thus in German this was traditionally $nown as the Helmertsche %&Helmertian&' or &Helmert distribution&# The distribution was independently redisco"ered by the (n!lish mathematician )arl *earson in the conte+t of !oodness of fit for which he de"eloped his *earson,s chi-s.uared test published in %*earson 1/00' with computed table of "alues published in %(lderton 1/01' collected in %*earson 1/12 pp# +++i3+++iii 16318 Table 455'# The name &chi-s.uared& ultimately deri"es from *earson,s shorthand for the e+ponent in a multi"ariate normal distribution with the Gree$ letter 6hi writin! -789 for what would appear in modern notation as -7x T : ;1 x %: bein! the co"ariance matri+'# The idea of a family of &chi-s.uared distributions& howe"er is not due to *earson but arose as a further de"elopment due to Fisher in the 1/10s# The chi-s.uared distribution has numerous applications in inferential statistics for instance in chi-s.uared tests and in estimatin! "ariances# 5t enters the problem of estimatin! the mean of a normally distributed population and the problem of estimatin! the slope of a re!ression line "ia its role in <tudent=s t-distribution# 5t enters all analysis of "ariance problems "ia its role in the F- distribution which is the distribution of the ratio of two independent chi-s.uared random "ariables each di"ided by their respecti"e de!rees of freedom# Followin! are some of the most common situations in which the chi-s.uared distribution arises from a Gaussian-distributed sample# if 4 1 ### 4 n are i#i#d# >%? @ 1 ' random "ariables then where # The bo+ below shows some statistics based on 4 i >ormal%? i @ 1 i ' i A 1 $ independent random "ariables that ha"e probability distributions related to the chi-s.uared distributionB Name Statistic chi-squared distribution noncentral chi-squared distribution chi distribution noncentral chi distribution The chi-s.uared distribution is also often encountered in Ca!netic Resonance 5ma!in!# Touch to Reach 6hi-<.uare *resentation Posted by Vishal Sarin at Friday, August 29, 2014 No comments: mail !his "log!his# Share to !$itter Share to Faceboo% Share to Pinterest !hursday, 2& August 2014 DATA SET During my discussion I shared a book a reference called DATA ANALYSIS WITH SPSS Version ! by "ober# H$ %ar&er ' (ane )rad*ohl Nash by %+N)A)+ Learning$ Please do*nload #he da#a se#s rela#ed #o #he abo&e men#ioned book$ DATASET We shall use #hese da#abases in our fur#her lec#ures$ )ood Luck,,, Posted by Vishal Sarin at !hursday, August 2&, 2014 No comments: mail !his "log!his# Share to !$itter Share to Faceboo% Share to Pinterest DATA 'o$nload the data by clic%ing at (ollo$ing lin%) 'A!A to do$nload !his lin% contains SPSS Slide and 'ata o( *S Sur+ey Posted by Vishal Sarin at !hursday, August 2&, 2014 No comments: mail !his "log!his# Share to !$itter Share to Faceboo% Share to Pinterest ,ome Subscribe to: Posts -Atom. "log Archi+e
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