IIT- JEE SYLLABUS OF CHEMISTRY

Physical chemistry
General topics: The concept of atoms and molecules; Dalton's atomic theory; Mole
concept; Chemical formulae; Balanced chemical equations; Calculations (based on mole
concept) involving common oxidation-reduction, neutralisation, and displacement reactions;
Concentration in terms of mole fraction, molarity, molality and normality.
Gaseous and liquid states: Absolute scale of temperature, ideal gas equation; Deviation
from ideality, van der Waals equation; Kinetic theory of gases, average, root mean square
and most probable velocities and their relation with temperature; Law of partial pressures;
Vapour pressure; Diffusion of gases.
Atomic structure and chemical bonding: Bohr model, spectrum of hydrogen atom,
quantum numbers; Wave-particle duality, de Broglie hypothesis; Uncertainty principle;
Quantum mechanical picture of hydrogen atom (qualitative treatment), shapes of s, p and
d orbitals; Electronic configurations of elements (up to atomic number 36); Aufbau
principle; Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule; Orbital overlap and covalent bond;
Hybridisation involving s, p and d orbitals only; Orbital energy diagrams for homonuclear
diatomic species; Hydrogen bond; Polarity in molecules, dipole moment (qualitative aspects
only); VSEPR model and shapes of molecules (linear, angular, triangular, square planar,
pyramidal, square pyramidal, trigonal bipyramidal, tetrahedral and octahedral).
Energetics: First law of thermodynamics; Internal energy, work and heat, pressure-
volume work; Enthalpy, Hess's law; Heat of reaction, fusion and vapourization; Second law
of thermodynamics; Entropy; Free energy; Criterion of spontaneity.
Chemical equilibrium: Law of mass action; Equilibrium constant, Le Chatelier's principle
(effect of concentration, temperature and pressure); Significance of DG and DGo in
chemical equilibrium; Solubility product, common ion effect, pH and buffer solutions; Acids
and bases (Bronsted and Lewis concepts); Hydrolysis of salts.
Electrochemistry: Electrochemical cells and cell reactions; Electrode potentials; Nernst
equation and its relation to DG; Electrochemical series, emf of galvanic cells; Faraday's
laws of electrolysis; Electrolytic conductance, specific, equivalent and molar conductance,
Kohlrausch's law; Concentration cells.
Chemical kinetics: Rates of chemical reactions; Order of reactions; Rate constant; First
order reactions; Temperature dependence of rate constant (Arrhenius equation).
Solid state: Classification of solids, crystalline state, seven crystal systems (cell
parameters a, b, c, a, b, g), close packed structure of solids (cubic), packing in fcc, bcc and
hcp lattices; Nearest neighbours, ionic radii, simple ionic compounds, point defects.
Solutions: Raoult's law; Molecular weight determination from lowering of vapor pressure,
elevation of boiling point and depression of freezing point.
Surface chemistry: Elementary concepts of adsorption (excluding adsorption isotherms);
Colloids: types, methods of preparation and general properties; Elementary ideas of
emulsions, surfactants and micelles (only definitions and examples).
Nuclear chemistry:
Radioactivity: isotopes and isobars; Properties of a, b and g rays; Kinetics of radioactive
decay (decay series excluded), carbon dating; Stability of nuclei with respect to proton-
neutron ratio; Brief discussion on fission and fusion reactions.

Inorganic Chemistry
Isolation/preparation and properties of the following non-metals: Boron, silicon,
nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, sulphur and halogens; Properties of allotropes of carbon
(only diamond and graphite), phosphorus and sulphur.
Preparation and properties of the following compounds: Oxides, peroxides,
hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, chlorides and sulphates of sodium, potassium,
magnesium and calcium; Boron: diborane, boric acid and borax; Aluminium: alumina,
aluminium chloride and alums; Carbon: oxides and oxyacid (carbonic acid); Silicon:
silicones, silicates and silicon carbide; Nitrogen: oxides, oxyacids and ammonia;
Phosphorus: oxides, oxyacids (phosphorus acid, phosphoric acid) and phosphine; Oxygen:
ozone and hydrogen peroxide; Sulphur: hydrogen sulphide, oxides, sulphurous acid,
sulphuric acid and sodium thiosulphate; Halogens: hydrohalic acids, oxides and oxyacids of
chlorine, bleaching powder; Xenon fluorides; Fertilizers: commercially available (common)
NPK type.
Transition elements (3d series): Definition, general characteristics, oxidation states and
their abilities, colour (excluding the details of electronic transitions) and calculation of spin-
only magnetic moment; Coordination compounds: nomenclature of mononuclear
coordination compounds, cis-trans and ionisation isomerisms, hybridization and geometries
of mononuclear coordination compounds (linear, tetrahedral, square planar and
octahedral).
Preparation and properties of the following compounds: Oxides and chlorides of tin
and lead; Oxides, chlorides and sulphates of Fe2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+; Potassium
permanganate, potassium dichromate, silver oxide, silver nitrate, silver thiosulphate.
Ores and minerals: Commonly occurring ores and minerals of iron, copper, tin, lead,
magnesium, aluminium, zinc and silver.
Extractive metallurgy: Chemical principles and reactions only (industrial details
excluded); Carbon reduction method (iron and tin); Self reduction method (copper and
lead); Electrolytic reduction method (magnesium and aluminium); Cyanide process (silver
and gold).
Principles of qualitative analysis: Groups I to V (only Ag+, Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Bi3+,
Fe3+, Cr3+, Al3+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Mg2+); Nitrate, halide (excluding
fluoride), sulphate, sulphide and sulphite.
Organic Chemistry
Concepts: Hybridisation of carbon; Sigma and pi-bonds; Resonance and hyperconjugation;
Shapes of molecules; Structural and geometrical isomerism; Optical isomerism of
compounds containing up to two asymmetric centers, (R,S and E,Z nomenclature
excluded); IUPAC nomenclature of simple organic compounds (only hydrocarbons, mono-
functional and bi-functional compounds); Conformations of ethane and butane (Newmann
projections); Keto-enol tautomerism; Determination of empirical and molecular formula of
simple compounds (only combustion method); Hydrogen bonds: definition and their effects
on physical properties of alcohols and carboxylic acids; Inductive and resonance effects on
acidity and basicity of organic acids and bases; Polarity and inductive effects in alkyl
halides; Reactive intermediates produced during homolytic and heterolytic bond cleavage;
Formation, structure and stability of carbocations and free radicals.
Preparation, properties and reactions of alkanes: Homologous series, physical
properties of alkanes (melting points, boiling points and density); Combustion and
halogenation of alkanes; Preparation of alkanes by Wurtz reaction and decarboxylation
reactions.
Preparation, properties and reactions of alkenes and alkynes: Physical properties of
alkenes and alkynes (boiling points, density and dipole moments); Acidity of alkynes; Acid
catalysed hydration of alkenes and alkynes (excluding the stereochemistry of addition and
elimination); Reactions of alkenes with KMnO4 and ozone; Reduction of alkenes and
alkynes; Preparation of alkenes and alkynes by elimination reactions; Electrophilic addition
reactions of alkenes with X2, HX, HOX and H2O (X=halogen); Addition reactions of
alkynes; Metal acetylides.
Reactions of benzene: Structure and aromaticity; Electrophilic substitution reactions:
halogenation, nitration, sulphonation, Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation; Effect of o-,
m- and p-directing groups in monosubstituted benzenes.
Phenols: Acidity, electrophilic substitution reactions (halogenation, nitration and
sulphonation); Reimer-Tieman reaction, Kolbe reaction.
Characteristic reactions of the following (including those mentioned above):
Alkyl halides: rearrangement reactions of alkyl carbocation, Grignard reactions,
nucleophilic substitution reactions; Alcohols: esterification, dehydration and oxidation,
reaction with sodium, phosphorus halides, ZnCl2/conc.-HCl, conversion of alcohols into
aldehydes and ketones;
Aldehydes and Ketones: oxidation, reduction, oxime and hydrazone formation; aldol
condensation, Perkin reaction; Cannizzaro reaction; haloform reaction and nucleophilic
addition reactions (Grignard addition); Carboxylic acids: formation of esters, acid chlorides
and amides, ester hydrolysis; Amines: basicity of substituted anilines and aliphatic amines,
preparation from nitro compounds, reaction with nitrous acid, azo coupling reaction of
diazonium salts of aromatic amines, Sandmeyer and related reactions of diazonium salts;
carbylamine reaction; Haloarenes: nucleophilic aromatic substitution in haloarenes and
substituted haloarenes - (excluding Benzyne mechanism and Cine substitution).
Carbohydrates: Classification- mono-, di-, and polysaccharides (glucose, sucrose and
starch only); Hydrolysis of sucrose.
Amino acids and peptides: General structure and physical properties.
Properties and uses of some important polymers: Natural rubber, cellulose, nylon,
teflon and PVC. Practical organic chemistry: Detection of elements (N, S, halogens);
Detection and identification of the following functional groups: hydroxyl (alcoholic and
phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketone), carboxyl, amino and nitro; Chemical methods of
separation of mono-functional organic compounds from binary mixtures.
Mathematics Syllabus
Algebra: Algebra of complex numbers, addition, multiplication, conjugation, polar representation, properties
of modulus and principal argument, triangle inequality, cube roots of unity, geometric interpretations.
Quadratic equations with real coefficients, relations between roots and coefficients, formation of quadratic
equations with given roots, symmetric functions of roots.
Arithmetic, geometric and harmonic progressions, arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means, sums of finite
arithmetic and geometric progressions, infinite geometric series, sums of squares and cubes of the first n
natural numbers.
Logarithms and their properties.
Permutations and combinations, Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, properties of binomial
coefficients.
Matrices as a rectangular array of real numbers, equality of matrices, addition, multiplication by a scalar and
product of matrices, transpose of a matrix, determinant of a square matrix of order up to three, inverse of a
square matrix of order up to three, properties of these matrix operations, diagonal, symmetric and skew-
symmetric matrices and their properties, solutions of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables.
Addition and multiplication rules of probability, conditional probability, Bayes Theorem, independence of
events, computation of probability of events using permutations and combinations.
Trigonometry: Trigonometric functions, their periodicity and graphs, addition and subtraction formulae,
formulae involving multiple and sub-multiple angles, general solution of trigonometric equations.
Relations between sides and angles of a triangle, sine rule, cosine rule, half-angle formula and the area of a
triangle, inverse trigonometric functions (principal value only).
Analytical geometry:
Two dimensions: Cartesian coordinates, distance between two points, section formulae, shift of origin.
Equation of a straight line in various forms, angle between two lines, distance of a point from a line; Lines
through the point of intersection of two given lines, equation of the bisector of the angle between two lines,
concurrency of lines; Centroid, orthocentre, incentre and circumcentre of a triangle.
Equation of a circle in various forms, equations of tangent, normal and chord.
Parametric equations of a circle, intersection of a circle with a straight line or a circle, equation of a circle
through the points of intersection of two circles and those of a circle and a straight line.
Equations of a parabola, ellipse and hyperbola in standard form, their foci, directrices and eccentricity,
parametric equations, equations of tangent and normal.
Locus Problems.
Three dimensions: Direction cosines and direction ratios, equation of a straight line in space, equation of a
plane, distance of a point from a plane.
Differential calculus: Real valued functions of a real variable, into, onto and one-to-one functions, sum,
difference, product and quotient of two functions, composite functions, absolute value, polynomial, rational,
trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions.
Limit and continuity of a function, limit and continuity of the sum, difference, product and quotient of two
functions, LHospital rule of evaluation of limits of functions.
Even and odd functions, inverse of a function, continuity of composite functions, intermediate value property
of continuous functions.
Derivative of a function, derivative of the sum,
difference, product and quotient of two functions, chain rule, derivatives of polynomial, rational,
trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions.
Derivatives of implicit functions, derivatives up to order two, geometrical interpretation of the derivative,
tangents and normals, increasing and decreasing functions, maximum and minimum values of a function,
Rolles Theorem and Lagranges Mean Value Theorem.
Integral calculus: Integration as the inverse process of differentiation, indefinite integrals of standard
functions, definite integrals and their properties, Fundamental Theorem of Integral Calculus.
Integration by parts, integration by the methods of substitution and partial fractions, application of definite
integrals to the determination of areas involving simple curves.
Formation of ordinary differential equations, solution of homogeneous differential equations, separation of
variables method, linear first order differential equations.
Vectors: Addition of vectors, scalar multiplication, dot and cross products, scalar triple products and their
geometrical interpretations.
Physics Syllabus
General: Units and dimensions, dimensional analysis; least count, significant figures; Methods of
measurement and error analysis for physical quantities pertaining to the following experiments: Experiments
based on using Vernier calipers and screw gauge (micrometer), Determination of g using simple pendulum,
Youngs modulus by Searles method, Specific heat of a liquid using calorimeter, focal length of a concave
mirror and a convex lens using u-v method, Speed of sound using resonance column, Verification of Ohms
law using voltmeter and ammeter, and specific resistance of the material of a wire using meter bridge and post
office box.
Mechanics: Kinematics in one and two dimensions (Cartesian coordinates only), projectiles; Uniform
Circular motion; Relative velocity.
Newtons laws of motion; Inertial and uniformly accelerated frames of reference; Static and dynamic friction;
Kinetic and potential energy; Work and power; Conservation of linear momentum and mechanical energy.
Systems of particles; Centre of mass and its motion; Impulse; Elastic and inelastic collisions.
Law of gravitation; Gravitational potential and field; Acceleration due to gravity; Motion of planets and
satellites in circular orbits; Escape velocity.
Rigid body, moment of inertia, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems, moment of inertia of uniform bodies
with simple geometrical shapes; Angular momentum; Torque; Conservation of angular momentum; Dynamics
of rigid bodies with fixed axis of rotation; Rolling without slipping of rings, cylinders and spheres;
Equilibrium of rigid bodies; Collision of point masses with rigid bodies.
Linear and angular simple harmonic motions.
Hookes law, Youngs modulus.
Pressure in a fluid; Pascals law; Buoyancy; Surface energy and surface tension, capillary rise; Viscosity
(Poiseuilles equation excluded), Stokes law; Terminal velocity, Streamline flow, equation of continuity,
Bernoullis theorem and its applications.
Wave motion (plane waves only), longitudinal and transverse waves, superposition of waves; Progressive and
stationary waves; Vibration of strings and air columns;Resonance; Beats; Speed of sound in gases; Doppler
effect (in sound).
Thermal physics: Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases; Calorimetry, latent heat; Heat conduction in
one dimension; Elementary concepts of convection and radiation; Newtons law of cooling; Ideal gas laws;
Specific heats (C
v
and C
p
for monoatomic and diatomic gases); Isothermal and adiabatic processes, bulk
modulus of gases; Equivalence of heat and work; First law of thermodynamics and its applications (only for
ideal gases); Blackbody radiation: absorptive and emissive powers; Kirchhoffs law; Wiens displacement
law, Stefans law.
Electricity and magnetism: Coulombs law; Electric field and potential; Electrical potential energy of a
system of point charges and of electrical dipoles in a uniform electrostatic field; Electric field lines; Flux of
electric field; Gausss law and its application in simple cases, such as, to find field due to infinitely long
straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell.
Capacitance; Parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectrics; Capacitors in series and parallel; Energy
stored in a capacitor.
Electric current; Ohms law; Series and parallel arrangements of resistances and cells; Kirchhoffs laws and
simple applications; Heating effect of current.
BiotSavarts law and Amperes law; Magnetic field near a current-carrying straight wire, along the axis of a
circular coil and inside a long straight solenoid; Force on a moving charge and on a current-carrying wire in a
uniform magnetic field.
Magnetic moment of a current loop; Effect of a uniform magnetic field on a current loop; Moving coil
galvanometer, voltmeter, ammeter and their conversions.
Electromagnetic induction: Faradays law, Lenzs law; Self and mutual inductance; RC, LR and LC circuits
with D.C. and A.C. sources.
Optics: Rectilinear propagation of light; Reflection and refraction at plane and spherical surfaces; Total
internal reflection; Deviation and dispersion of light by a prism; Thin lenses; Combinations of mirrors and
thin lenses; Magnification.
Wave nature of light: Huygens principle, interference limited to Youngs double-slit experiment.
Modern physics: Atomic nucleus; Alpha, beta and gamma radiations; Law of radioactive decay; Decay
constant; Half-life and mean life; Binding energy and its calculation; Fission and fusion processes; Energy
calculation in these processes.
Photoelectric effect; Bohrs theory of hydrogen-like atoms; Characteristic and continuous X-rays, Moseleys
law; de Broglie wavelength of matter waves.