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    Narrative Theories

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    mclatch
    This document summarizes four influential narrative theories: Todorov, Barthes, McKee, and Vogler. Todorov proposed a 5-stage model of narrative including equilibrium, disruption, realization, attempt to repair, and restoration. Barthes identified 5 codes that make up narratives: action, enigma, semantic, symbolic, and action. McKee described narrative as having an inciting incident, progressive complications, crisis, climax, and resolution. Vogler's influential theory described the hero's journey through 12 stages from the ordinary world to gaining an elixir.

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    Narrative Theories

    Uploaded by

    mclatch
    320 views3 pages
    This document summarizes four influential narrative theories: Todorov, Barthes, McKee, and Vogler. Todorov proposed a 5-stage model of narrative including equilibrium, disruption, realization, attempt to repair, and restoration. Barthes identified 5 codes that make up narratives: action, enigma, semantic, symbolic, and action. McKee described narrative as having an inciting incident, progressive complications, crisis, climax, and resolution. Vogler's influential theory described the hero's journey through 12 stages from the ordinary world to gaining an elixir.

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    A Level Media Narrative Theories

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    This document summarizes four influential narrative theories: Todorov, Barthes, McKee, and Vogler. Todorov proposed a 5-stage model of narrative including equilibrium, disruption, realization, attempt to repair, and restoration. Barthes identified 5 codes that make up narratives: action, enigma, semantic, symbolic, and action. McKee described narrative as having an inciting incident, progressive complications, crisis, climax, and resolution. Vogler's influential theory described the hero's journey through 12 stages from the ordinary world to gaining an elixir.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    320 views3 pages

    Narrative Theories

    Uploaded by

    mclatch
    This document summarizes four influential narrative theories: Todorov, Barthes, McKee, and Vogler. Todorov proposed a 5-stage model of narrative including equilibrium, disruption, realization, attempt to repair, and restoration. Barthes identified 5 codes that make up narratives: action, enigma, semantic, symbolic, and action. McKee described narrative as having an inciting incident, progressive complications, crisis, climax, and resolution. Vogler's influential theory described the hero's journey through 12 stages from the ordinary world to gaining an elixir.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Narrative Theories:

    Todorov, Barthes, McKee and Vogler




    Tzvetan Todorov Narrative Theory

    Todorov was a Bulgarian linguist publishing work on narrative since the
    1960s. He suggested there were 5 stages to a narrative:

    1. Equilibrium A happy start
    2. A disruption of this equilibrium by an event A problem occurs
    3. A realisation that a disruption has happened
    4. An attempt to repair the damage of the disruption the problem is
    solved
    A restoration of the eqilibrium A happy ending


    (http://heathenmedia.co.uk/insanity/2012/02/08/narrative-todorovs-theory-2/)



    Roland Barthes Narrative Theory



    Roland Barthes was a French Philosopher who tried to bring
    meaning to text. According to Roland Barthes all narratives
    share structural features that each narrative weaves together in
    different ways.



    Roland Barthes narrative theory claims that a narrative can be broken down into five codes
    or sets of rules. These are:

    - Action code, Applies to any action that implies a further narrative action.
    - Enigma code, Refers to any element in a story that is not explained and therefore
    exists as an enigma for the audience, raising questions that demand an explanation.
    - Semantic code Any element in a text that suggests an additional meaning by
    connotations.
    - Symbolic code, similar to the semantic code, but acts at a wider level where new
    meaning arises out of conflicting ideas.

    (Mediaknowall.com)



    Robert McKee Narrative Theory

    Robert McKee, an American screenwriter, offers a slightly different version of
    Narrative, Including:

    - Inciting Incident: An event happens that sets the story
    going
    - Progressive Complications: For a key character, things
    just keep getting worse
    - Crisis: Things get even worse it looks like its all over
    for the hero
    - Climax: Things are now so bad, drastic action is called
    for
    - Resolution: Whatever the problem was is sorted out and all is well again.

    (storycharts.ca/pages/theory)



    Christopher Vogler Narrative Theory

    Christopher Vogler analysed a range of films for Hollywood film companies. His
    explanation of character archetypes and the 12 stages of the heros journey in
    films have become incredibly influential in Hollywood. Here is a visual picture of
    Voglers theory


    - Ordinary World - The hero's normal world before the story begins
    - Call to Adventure - The hero is presented with a problem, challenge or
    adventure
    - Refusal of the Call - The hero refuses the challenge or journey, usually
    because he's scared
    - Meeting with the Mentor - The hero meets a mentor to gain advice or
    training for the adventure
    - Crossing the First Threshold- The hero crosses leaves the ordinary world
    and goes into the special world
    - Tests, Allies, Enemies - The hero faces tests, meets allies, confronts
    enemies & learn the rules of the special world
    - Approach - The hero has hit setbacks during tests & may need to try a
    new idea
    - Ordeal - The biggest life or death crisis
    - Reward - The hero has survived death, overcomes his fear and now earns
    the reward
    - The Road Back - The hero must return to the Ordinary World
    - Resurrection Hero - another test where the hero faces death he has to
    use everything he's learned
    - Return with Elixir - The hero returns from the journey with the elixir, and
    uses it to help everyone in the Ordinary World
    (http://glipho.com/topics/christopher-vogler)

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