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    CHEMY102 Lab4 Hydrolysis of Salts

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    rafiudinmohd
    This chemistry lab report describes an experiment on the hydrolysis of salts and the action of buffer solutions. Tables show the salts tested, their expected ions, measured pH values, and hydrolysis reactions. Sodium carbonate showed the highest pH due to strong hydroxide ion production. Buffer solutions resisted large pH changes upon addition of acid or base. The report discusses hydrolysis, dissociation constants, and sources of error in the experiments. The conclusion states that understanding salt solution pH and hydrolysis is important.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    CHEMY102 Lab4 Hydrolysis of Salts

    Uploaded by

    rafiudinmohd
    729 views7 pages
    This chemistry lab report describes an experiment on the hydrolysis of salts and the action of buffer solutions. Tables show the salts tested, their expected ions, measured pH values, and hydrolysis reactions. Sodium carbonate showed the highest pH due to strong hydroxide ion production. Buffer solutions resisted large pH changes upon addition of acid or base. The report discusses hydrolysis, dissociation constants, and sources of error in the experiments. The conclusion states that understanding salt solution pH and hydrolysis is important.

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    Lab report Chemistry 102 Hydrolysis of Salts

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    This chemistry lab report describes an experiment on the hydrolysis of salts and the action of buffer solutions. Tables show the salts tested, their expected ions, measured pH values, and hydrolysis reactions. Sodium carbonate showed the highest pH due to strong hydroxide ion production. Buffer solutions resisted large pH changes upon addition of acid or base. The report discusses hydrolysis, dissociation constants, and sources of error in the experiments. The conclusion states that understanding salt solution pH and hydrolysis is important.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    729 views7 pages

    CHEMY102 Lab4 Hydrolysis of Salts

    Uploaded by

    rafiudinmohd
    This chemistry lab report describes an experiment on the hydrolysis of salts and the action of buffer solutions. Tables show the salts tested, their expected ions, measured pH values, and hydrolysis reactions. Sodium carbonate showed the highest pH due to strong hydroxide ion production. Buffer solutions resisted large pH changes upon addition of acid or base. The report discusses hydrolysis, dissociation constants, and sources of error in the experiments. The conclusion states that understanding salt solution pH and hydrolysis is important.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    Chemistry

    Lab Report
    Experiment Number 4
    CHEMY 102
    Rafiuddin Mohammed Mohiuddin
    ( (
    ID number: 20135673
    Section 05
    Name: Rafiuddin Mohammed ID: 20135673 CHEMY 102, Section 05

    Chemistry Lab Report
    Experiment No. 4
    HYDROLYSIS OF SALTS AND THE ACTION
    OF A BUFFER SOLUTION

    Aim:
    The purpose of this experiment is to learn about the concept of
    hydrolysis and to gain familiarity with the behavior of buffer
    solutions.










    PTO
    Results and Calculations:
    Experiment 4: HYDROLYSIS OF SALTS AND THE ACTION OF
    A BUFFER SOLUTION

    REPORT SHEET

    A. Hydrolysis of Salts

    Table I


    Solution
    (0.1 M)
    Ion expected
    to hydrolyze
    Spectator
    ion(s)

    NaCl

    ---
    Na
    +
    , Cl
    -

    Na
    2
    CO
    3

    CO
    3
    2
    Na
    +


    NaC
    2
    H
    3
    O
    2

    C
    2
    H
    3
    O
    2
    -
    Na
    +

    NH
    4
    Cl

    NH
    4
    +
    Cl
    -


    ZnCl
    2

    Zn
    2+
    Cl
    -


    KAl(SO
    4
    )
    2


    Al
    3+


    K
    +
    , SO
    4
    2





    Table II

    Solution pH [H
    +
    ] [OH]
    Color of the Indicator
    Phenolphthalein
    H
    2
    O (unboiled) 6.96 1.1 x 10
    -7
    0.9 x 10
    -7
    Colorless
    H
    2
    O (boiled) 7.04 0.9 x 10
    -7
    1.1 x 10
    -7
    Colorless
    NaCl 7.28 0.5 x 10
    -7
    2 x 10
    -7
    Colorless
    Na
    2
    CO
    3
    11.85 1.4 x 10
    -12
    7.1 x 10
    -3
    Pink
    NaC
    2
    H
    3
    O
    2
    7.55 0.3 x 10
    -7
    3.3 x 10
    -7
    Colorless
    NH
    4
    Cl 5.86 13.8 x 10
    -7
    7.2 x 10
    -9
    Colorless
    ZnCl
    2
    5.52 3.0 x 10
    -6
    3.3 x 10
    -9
    Colorless
    KAl(SO
    4
    )
    2
    2.96 1.1 x 10
    -3
    9.1 x 10
    -12
    Colorless




    Table III

    Solution
    (0.1 M)
    Net-ionic equation for
    hydrolysis
    Expression for equilibrium
    constant (K
    a
    or K
    b
    )
    Value of
    K
    a
    or K
    b


    Na
    2
    CO
    3

    CO
    3
    -
    (aq) + H
    2
    O HCO
    3
    -
    (aq) + OH (aq) K
    b
    = [HCO
    3
    -
    ] [OH] / [CO
    3
    -
    ] K
    b
    = 5.0 x 10
    -4

    NaC
    2
    H
    3
    O
    2


    C
    2
    H
    3
    O
    2
    (aq) + H
    2
    O HC
    2
    H
    3
    O
    2
    (aq) + OH
    (aq)

    K
    b
    = [HC
    2
    H
    3
    O
    2
    ] [OH] /
    [C
    2
    H
    3
    O
    2
    ]
    K
    b
    = 1.1 x 10
    -12


    NH
    4
    Cl

    NH
    4
    +
    (aq) + H
    2
    O NH
    3
    (aq) + H
    +
    (aq) K
    a
    = [NH
    3
    ] [H
    +
    ] / [NH
    4
    +
    ] K
    a
    = 1.9 x 10
    -11


    ZnCl
    2


    Zn
    2+
    (aq) + H
    2
    O Zn(OH)
    +
    (aq) + H
    +
    (aq)

    K
    a
    = [Zn(OH)
    +
    ] [H
    +
    ] / [Zn
    2+
    ] K
    a
    = 9.0 x 10
    -11


    KAl(SO
    4
    )
    2

    Al[H
    2
    O]
    6
    3+
    (aq) Al[H
    2
    O]
    5
    [OH
    -
    ]
    2+
    (aq) +
    H
    +
    (aq)
    K
    a
    = [Al[H
    2
    O]
    5
    [OH
    -
    ]
    2+
    ] [H
    +
    ] /
    [Al[H
    2
    O]
    6
    3+
    ]
    K
    a
    = 1.2 x 10
    -5




    B- The Action of a Buffer Solution


    Table IV




    Volume (total)
    / mL
    pH on addition of
    0.1 M NaOH to
    pH on addition of
    0.1 M HCl to
    buffer pure water buffer pure water
    0.0 7.46 7.60 7.44 7.20
    1 drop 7.48 9.44 7.42 6.83
    1.0 mL 7.56 11.36 7.31 2.92
    5.0 mL 8.28 11.80 6.85 2.25


    Discussion:
    The experiment enlightens us to the reason behind the acidity or basicity of a
    solution at the equivalence point. The reason is easily explicable by the
    concept of hydrolysis.
    The salt formed by the reaction between a strong acid and a strong base is a
    neutral salt and does not undergo hydrolysis. This is why titration between a
    strong acid and a strong base gives a neutral equivalence point. Similarly,
    titration between a strong acid and a weak base OR a weak acid and a strong
    base gives an acidic OR basic equivalence point because of the hydrolysis of
    the cation OR anion of the respective salts.
    Buffers are interesting solutions because of their resistance to high changes
    in pH. They are found in various natural systems and are of great value even
    in our own body.
    These experiments, conducted to determine the acidity and basicity of the
    various salts give values for their dissociation constants that are, at best,
    gross approximations. This is because of the various errors involved that
    include the presence of CO
    2
    in the atmosphere which dissolves in the
    solutions and changes the pH, the inaccuracy of the pH meter in giving
    readings, the improper cleaning of the containers in which the measurements
    are taken, the possible incomplete immersion of the electrode in the solution,
    etc.
    The experiment could have been better conducted by using freshly prepared
    solutions of the salts, using a fast and accurate pH meter, carefully making
    the measurements, and cleaning the apparatus before each reading.

    Conclusion:
    Knowing the pH of a salt solution is an important aspect of various
    processes and studying hydrolysis is consequently of significant importance.

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