Content Outline - Caribbean CSEC Geography

10/23/13
Content Outline - Caribbean CSEC Geography
Caribbean CSEC Geography
Yard (yaad)
Content Outline
CSEC SBA
Preparation
Glossary
Usefull links
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OUTLINE
ORGANISATION OF THE SYLLABUS
The syllabus is organised under four main sections:
Section I - Map Reading and Field Study;
Section II - Natural Systems;
Section III - Human Systems;
Section IV - Human -Environment Systems.
CONTENT OUTLINE
SECTION 1 - MAP READING AND FIELD STUDY
CONTENT
locate places, using four and six-figure grid references;
use scale to measure distance;
give direction using compass bearing and the 16 points compass;
read and interpret conventional symbols on a map;
reduce and enlarge a section of the map;
draw and interpret cross sections and sketch sections;
calculate gradients using ratios;
describe the drainage, vegetation, land use, settlement, communications of a map;
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describe landforms through the reading of contours;
explain the relationship among the patterns of relief; drainage; vegetation;land use; settlement; communication.
Interpret geographical data.
locate places using latitude and longitude;
find the latitude and longitude of a given place;
calculate the time of places;
draw sketch maps to show relative location and spatial distribution;
draw diagrams to illustrate geographical features,
locate territories in the Caribbean;
construct bar and line graphs, divided circles and pie charts;
interpret tables, dot maps, choropleth and isopleth maps, bar graphs and line graphs and divided circles;
collect, record, and present information based on field work on at least one tropic
SECTION ll NATURAL SYSTEMS

CONTENT
1. Internal Forces
(i) Theory plate tectonics.
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
Types of plate boundaries.

Global distribution of plate boundaries.
Caribbean and adjacent plate boundaries.
Formation and distribution vi earthquakes, volcanoes and fold mountains.
Intrusive volcanic features, (sills, dykes, batholiths,) and extrusive volcanic features (cones and plateaux,).
changes in intrusive and extrusive volcanic features over rime.
2. External Forces
(i) Definitions of denudation, weathering, mass wasting and erosion.
(ii) Weathering types (physical, chemical, biotic).
(iii) Processes of weathering. (carbonation, oxidation, solution, frost-action, pressure release, temperature changes,
biotic).
(iv) Mass wasting (lands/ides and soil creep).
(v) Conditions influencing landslides and soil creep.
3. Rivers
(i)
The water cycle.

How water flows on reaching the surface.
(ii) Pathways water takes on reaching the surface.
(iii) River processes: erosion, transportation, deposition. River valleys Land-forms - rapids, waterfalls, gorges, ox-bow
lakes, flood plain, levees, meander and braiding (bars), river cliffs, point bar, deltas.
(iv) Drainage patterns.
4. Limestone Environment
(i) Characteristics of limestone (chemical composition, structure, permeability).
(ii) Processes occurring in limestone areas and landforms created both on the surface and underground, swallow
holes, caves, stalactites, stalagmites, pillar).
(iii) Karst landforms in the Caribbean (conical hills and cockpits).
5. Coasts
(i) Wave types (constructive, destructive).
(ii) Wave processes and resulting landform. (cliff, notch, wave-cut platform, headland and hay, caves, arches,
stacks, beaches, spit,
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(iii) Types of coral reefs in the Caribbean (flinging, barrier,)
(iv) Location, distribution of coral reefs in the Caribbean.
(v) Conditions necessary for the successful formation of coral reels.
6. Weather, Climate, Vegetation and Soil
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
Differences between weather and climate.

Caribbean weather systems (hurricanes, tropical waves, cold fronts, anticyclones, JTCZ).
Influence of relief on climate in the Caribbean.
The components of an ecosystem-human, climate, vegetation, oil (living andnon-living components).
Location of equatorial, tropical marine and tropical continental regions.
Climates, vegetation and soil of the equatorial, tropical marine and tropical continental regions.
The relationship between the climate, vegetation and soils of equatorial, tropical marine and tropical
continental regions.
SECTION lll - HUMAN SYSTEM

7. Population and Settlement
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
Factors influencing population distribution and population density in a named Caribbean country.
Factors affecting population growth in ONE Caribbean country and in ONE developed country.
Definition of urbanization.
Reasons for urbanization in the Caribbean.
Population growth of ONE Caribbean capital city within the last 20 years;
Benefits and problems of urbanization in capital city in Objective;
Ways of controlling urbanization in the Caribbean;
Patterns and consequences of international migration in one named Caribbean country within the last
20 years.
8. Economic Activity
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
Characteristics and relative importance of primary, secondary and tertiary economic activities to the
Caribbean.
Location of one example of each of the following economic activities:
(1) one example of Primary fishing or forestry or mining (bauxite or gold or oil and natural gas);
(2) one example of Secondary - garment industry or food processing;
(3) one example of Tertiary - tourism.
Factors influencing the location of economic activity chosen in (ii): physical, human, economic.
Trends in each economic activity chosen in (ii).
Challenges in each economic activity chosen in (ii) - globalization, technology, marketing [for example,
Caribbean Single Market and Economy (CSME), European Union (EU)] and sustainability.
For the secondary industry chosen in (ii), compare a named Caribbean country with a newly industralised
island either Hong Kong or Singapore.

(vii) Importance of agriculture to the Caribbean region.
(viii) Changing role of agriculture, for example, trends in employment, contribution to Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) in the Caribbean, acreage, diversification, marketing arrangements.
(ix) Location of commercial arable and peasant farming in ONE Caribbean territory.
(x) Characteristics of commercial arable and peasant farming in a country selected in (ix).
(xi) Characteristics of commercial arable farming in Caribbean and Prairie Provinces of Canada.
(xii) Trends in commercial arable farming in the Caribbean and the Prairie Provinces of Canada.
SECTION IV - ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
9. Natural Hazards
a.
Definition of a natural hazard.
b.
Impact of one of the following on life and property: volcanic eruption or earthquake or hurricane.
c.
Responses to one hazard/n a Caribbean country.

(i)
Individual responses (preparedness, community involvement).
(ii)
National responses (national disaster organization activities [for example,
Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management, (ODPEM), role of national
organizations.
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(iii)
Regional responses [for example, activities of Caribbean Disaster and Emergency Relief Agency
(CDERA)J.
10. Environmental Degradation
d. Pollution
(i) Definition of pollution.
(ii) Types of pollution (air, water, land).
(iii) Location of area in a named Caribbean country where pollution is a major problem.
e. Global Warming
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Definition of global warming.

Long-term changes in global temperatures.
Causes of global warming.
Consequences of global warming (for example, climate change and sea level rise in one named Caribbean
country and either Mauritius or Maldives).
(v) Measures to reduce the impact (for example, forest conservation, use of renewable energy resources, changes to
vehicle emissions) in a developed country.
f. Coral Reef Destruction

(i) Causes of coral reef destruction (for example, sedimentation, sewage pollution, tourism).
(ii) Consequences of coral reef destruction (for example, coastal erosion, decline in fish stock).
(iii) Measures to reduce the impact in one Caribbean territory.
g. Deforestation
(i) Causes of deforestation (for example, squatting, lumbering, agriculture, mining).
(ii) Consequences of deforestation (for example, loss of flora and fauna, soil erosion, flooding, decline in
underground water).
(iii) Measures to reduce the impact of deforestation in one named Caribbean territory.
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10/23/13