Power Theft Detection Using Wireless System-Libre

International Journal of Student Research in Technology & Management
Vol 1 (1), pg 58-64
POWER THEFT DETECTION USING WIRELESS SYSTEM:

A DISTRIBUTED APPROACH FOR POWER THEFT PREVENTION
1
Amar Pawade, 2Nadeem Shaikh, 3Bhushan Chowdhri , 4Ansari Shariq

Department of Electronics, MHSSCOE
chowdhrib@yahoo.com, amaroct@yahoo.co.in, 3shariqakhtar1492@gmail.com, 4nadeemshaikh259@gmail.com
Abstract
Electricity is indispensable to our daily life. Traditional remote meter reading system uses telephone
lines and Modem to transmit data and control signals, but with the drawbacks of high maintenance
costs, poor scalability and instable performance of Modem that is charged for too long. The objective
of this project is to design a system in order to avoid the displeasure for the users from paying hefty bill
irrespective of use of the electricity due to theft using Gsm module.
Key Terms - Power Theft, GSM Module, PC Interface, Current Sensors.
I. INTRODUCTION
Electricity is now more than a necessity. The need of electricity is increasing day by day. With increasing
need of electricity the power theft is also increasing. It has become a must to develop a system to avoid
the increasing theft. With the development of GSM network and its increasing popularity, GSM Modem
and Short Message are gradually used to transmit information but there are still a few shortcomings, such
as the unsatisfactory real-time ability to control the theft of electricity when user is not at home.
The objective of this project is to design a system in order to avoid the displeasure for the users
from paying hefty bill irrespective of use of the electricity due to theft .Utility companies are under
pressure. Growing populations are using increasing amounts of power, which is putting a strain on
existing supplies. In many countries the increase in demand is growing at a faster rate than transmission
capacity and the cost of providing power is also increasing due to higher fuel prices and increases in the
cost of construction and capital expenses. This project provides an overview of Wireless Sensor Network
for Power Management, including the cost savings as well as theft indicator cum prevention system it can
provide. It then looks at how fits into this picture, and the ways in which it is ideally suited for the
development. Our project uses PIC microcontroller along with relay drivers, sensors and GSM module to
detect power theft as well as wastage of energy in malls and hotels.
II. MARKET SURVEY
Such system is not available in the market but it has only manual system. Microcontroller based system
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is not available yet its a prototype system what we are trying to develop since the microcontroller and
GSM is an exciting, challenging, and growing field; it will pervade industry for decades to come. To meet
the challenges of this growing technology, we will have to conversant with the programmable aspect of
the microcontroller. Programming is a process of problem solving and communicating in a strange
language of mnemonics. The projects could be developed significantly faster and much easily using a
microcontroller.
III.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
In this project you start or stop the meter by a unique number sms via gsm system. This PIN number is
sent to microcontroller. Here the microcontroller is the flash type re programmable microcontroller which
we have already programmed with PIN number. So the typed PIN number is compared with stored
number if the PIN number is valid the microcontroller activates the relay driver circuit. Relay output is
directly given to meter system. Now we can start the meter. This is for the purpose of theft identification
and prevention.
The microcontroller is also programmed to limit the power consumption to a certain limit for
particular periods of time. The microcontroller will switch off the ligths and fans if the consumption limit
is exceeded for a particular time of the day.
LCD
Display
Sim card
interface
Gsm
modem
Gsm
interface
pic 16f877
Micro
Controller
Current
sensor 1
Current sensor 2
Fig 1
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Vol 1 (1), pg 58-64
Brief methodology:
The project is designed with:
Current sensor
Gsm
Pc interface
Lcd display
Pic 16f877
IV. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
A. CURRENT SENSOR:
The Wilson WCS2720 has precise solutions for AC or DC current sensing in industrial, commercial, and
communications systems. The device package allows for easy implementation by the customer. Typical
load detection and management, switch mode power supplies, and over current fault protection. The
device is not intended for automotive applications. The device consists of a precise, low-offset, linear Hall
circuit with a copper conduction path located near the surface of the die. Applied current flowing through
this copper conduction path generates a magnetic field which the
PC
INTERFACE
Relay
Driver
circuit
Relay
(optional)
Device 1
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Vol 1 (1), pg 58-64
close proximity of the magnetic signal to the Hall transducer. A precise, proportional voltage is provided
by the low-offset, chopper-stabilized BiCMOS Hall IC, which is programmed for accuracy after
packaging.
The output of the device has a positive slope (>VIOUT(Q)) when an increasing current flows through the
primary copper conduction path (from pins 1 and 2, to pins 3 and 4), which is the path used for current
sampling. The internal resistance of this conductive path is 1.2 m typical, providing low power loss.
B. MICROCONTROLLER PIC 16F877 :
This is the heart of the circuitry. It is the main block which takes the inputs and processes it and gives the
output. All the other blocks work in accordance with the microcontroller.
Only 35 single-word instructions to learn
All single-cycle instructions except for program branches, which are two-cycle
Operating speed: DC 20 MHz clock input DC 200 ns instruction cycle
Up to 8K x 14 words of Flash Program Memory, Up to 368 x 8 bytes of Data Memory (RAM), Up

to 256 x 8 bytes of EEPROM Data Memory
Pinout compatible to other 28-pin or 40/44-pin PIC16CXXX and PIC16FXXX microcontrollers

C. GSM
The diagram below shows the flow of the data via a GSM module. The first embedded device is the
microcontroller which sends the data to the module. The module then via wireless link will send the data
to the GSM receiver in mobile phone. The mobile phone here acts as a second embedded device which
reads the data.
Fig.2
More and more applications emerged with the rapid development of wireless data services, such as meter
navigation, remote monitoring, wireless Internet access, wireless POS, etc. Thus, more and more devices
need to be able to do wireless communication.
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Vol 1 (1), pg 58-64
With this background, Sky microwave Corp. develops its MOD 9001 BENQ GSM/GPRS Modem. Users
of this product can add wireless communication capability easily to their own products, and then, develop
many applications. The MOD 9001 BENQ GSM/GPRS Modem mostly fits the need of data transfer, with
SMS data communication, GPRS data navigation, Circuit Switch / Data Connectivity, TCP/IP protocol
etc. Because the easy setting up in SCM (Single Chip Micyoco), it is convenient for network data
communication. The MOD 9001 BENQ GSM/GPRS Modem with small size, which fits both embedded
application and external peripheral equipment. The AT command set and RS232 interface will offer easy
data connection without any extra circuit control. Traditionally, the above applications use digital cellular,
CDPD or other wire-line modem to do communication, and these technologies are of the disadvantages of
high communication expense, limited communication range, dial before communications, etc. When we
begin to use MOD 9001 BENQ GSM/GPRS Modem, all these problems disappeared
D. MAX232
A standard serial interfacing for PC, RS232C, requires negative logic, i.e., logic '1' is -3V to -12V and
logic '0' is +3V to +12V. To convert a TTL logic, say, TxD and RxD pins of the uC chips thus need a
converter chip. A MAX232 chip has long been using in many uC boards. It provides 2-channel RS232C
port and requires external 10uF capacitors. This I.C. also includes two receivers and two transmitters in
the same package. This is useful in many cases when you only want to use the Transmit and Receive data
Lines. You don't need to use two chips, one for the receive line and one for the transmission.
This is very essential for continuous monitoring of the power consumed. It will be essential for linking
the computer with the microcontroller. Below shows the connection diagram of max 232.
Fig. 3
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E. 16X2 LCD DISPLAY

Features:
Maximum input voltage: 5.3VDC
Operating input voltage: 5VDC
8-bit interface data bus
Controller: HD47780 equivalent
Character font size: 0.125"W x 0.200"H
16 pin/terminals
Display size: 2.5"L x 0.7"W
Module size: 3.4"L x 1.2"W x 0.5"T
Description:
This is a 16 character by 2 line display, with the standard HD44780 chipset. It works great with any
microcontroller and it is very easy to interface. This LCD has 8-bit parallel interface. It is possible to use
all 8 bits plus 3 control signals or 4 bits plus the control signals.
LCD is used as a backup for computer. It is essential for displaying the provider and users power
consumption. Below shows the pin diagram of lcd display.
Fig. 4
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Vol 1 (1), pg 58-64
F. SOFTWARE:
The software used in programming the PIC is PIC BASIC PRO Compiler. The compiler is the tool that
converts your BASIC program into Assembly Language. PBP is a compiler. PBP depends on an IDE for
user interface, and an assembler to finish the conversion to machine-language.
The assembler is the tool that converts the Assembly Language into machine language. The assembler
runs after the compiler, and is normally invoked automatically. PBP is designed to use Microchip's
MPASM assembler, which is
included with MPLAB.
a. ADVANTAGE:
1. Low power consumption.
2. It helps both customer and msebs.
3.
This project is very useful to the government and private msebs as well as to the finance
company.
VI. APPLICATION:
1. It can be used in domestic households.
2. It can be implemented in malls where huge amounts of power is wasted.
3. It can also be implemented in schools and collages.
VII. CONCLUSION:
The challenges and green legislation that utilities are facing today, combined with increased demand
from consumers for more flexible offerings and cost savings, make this project both timely and
inevitable. Wireless open standard technology is being selected around the world as the energy
management and efficient technology of choice. Implementing this project with an open standard such as
GSM helps to keep costs down, ensure interoperability, and future-proof investments made by both
utilities and consumers. Consumers and businesses will see changes they never dreamed possible.
REFERENCES
[1] Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillespe, The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems, I/O
Programming, Printice Hall
[2] Kenneth J. Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller: Architecture, Programming, and Applications, 8051
Architecture, Penram International Publications, 1997
[3] Rangan C S, Sharma G R, Mani V S V, Instrumentation Devices and Systems, Instrumentation
Amplifiers and Signal Conditioning, Tata-McGraw-Hill Ltd
[4]http://www.picotech.com/experiments/calculating_heart_rate/
[5]http://www.mytutorialcafe.com/Microcontroller%20Project%20Thesis%20RTC%204051.htm
[6]http://www.bioenabletech.com/gsm_gprs_gps_mobile_m2m_india.htm
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International Journal of Student Research in Technology & Management

Vol 1 (1), pg 58-64