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    C For Dummies: C Language Comparison Symbols

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    NishantSinha
    The document provides tables summarizing key elements of the C programming language including comparison symbols, conversion characters, escape sequences, keywords, numeric data types, and mathematical symbols. Comparison symbols include <, >, ==, <=, >=, and !=. Conversion characters format variables as characters, integers, floating-point values, strings, and more. Escape sequences represent special characters and formatting like newlines, tabs, and backspace using short codes. The C language has 32 keywords to define structures like if/else statements, loops, and variable types. Numeric data types specify the range of integer, floating-point, and other variable types. Mathematical symbols allow performing operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

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    C For Dummies: C Language Comparison Symbols

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    73 views4 pages
    The document provides tables summarizing key elements of the C programming language including comparison symbols, conversion characters, escape sequences, keywords, numeric data types, and mathematical symbols. Comparison symbols include <, >, ==, <=, >=, and !=. Conversion characters format variables as characters, integers, floating-point values, strings, and more. Escape sequences represent special characters and formatting like newlines, tabs, and backspace using short codes. The C language has 32 keywords to define structures like if/else statements, loops, and variable types. Numeric data types specify the range of integer, floating-point, and other variable types. Mathematical symbols allow performing operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

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    C for Dummies

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    The document provides tables summarizing key elements of the C programming language including comparison symbols, conversion characters, escape sequences, keywords, numeric data types, and mathematical symbols. Comparison symbols include <, >, ==, <=, >=, and !=. Conversion characters format variables as characters, integers, floating-point values, strings, and more. Escape sequences represent special characters and formatting like newlines, tabs, and backspace using short codes. The C language has 32 keywords to define structures like if/else statements, loops, and variable types. Numeric data types specify the range of integer, floating-point, and other variable types. Mathematical symbols allow performing operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

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    73 views4 pages

    C For Dummies: C Language Comparison Symbols

    Uploaded by

    NishantSinha
    The document provides tables summarizing key elements of the C programming language including comparison symbols, conversion characters, escape sequences, keywords, numeric data types, and mathematical symbols. Comparison symbols include <, >, ==, <=, >=, and !=. Conversion characters format variables as characters, integers, floating-point values, strings, and more. Escape sequences represent special characters and formatting like newlines, tabs, and backspace using short codes. The C language has 32 keywords to define structures like if/else statements, loops, and variable types. Numeric data types specify the range of integer, floating-point, and other variable types. Mathematical symbols allow performing operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

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    of 4

    C For Dummies

    From C For Dummies, 2nd Edition by Dan Gookin


    The C programming language is fast and versatile. You can use just 32 keywords and some fairly intuitive symbols to
    do comparisons and conversions. Then you get to numeric data and math symbols, which are pretty much as you
    expect as well.

    C Language Comparison Symbols


    If youre writing programs in C, you need to use comparison symbols. The symbols C uses, their meanings, and
    examples are shown in the following table:

    Symbol

    Meaning or Pronunciation

    True Comparison Examples

    <

    Less than

    1 < 5
    8 < 9

    ==

    Equal to

    5 == 5
    0 == 0

    >

    Greater than

    8 > 5
    10 > 0

    <=

    Less than or equal to

    4 <= 5
    8 <= 8

    >=

    Greater than or equal to

    9 >= 5
    2 >= 2

    !=

    Not equal to

    1 != 0
    4 != 3.99

    C Language Comparisons and Their Opposites


    If youre programming in C or any other language you need to use If/Else statements. The comparison symbols
    you need if youre working with C and the Else statements they generate are shown in the following table:

    If Comparison

    Else Statement Executed By This Condition

    <

    >= (Greater than or equal to)

    ==

    != (Not equal to)

    >

    <= (Less than or equal to)

    <=

    > (Greater than)

    >=

    < (Less than)

    !=

    == (Equal to)

    C Language Conversion Characters

    When programming in C, you use conversion characters the percent sign and a letter, for the most part as
    placeholders for variables you want to display. The following table shows the conversion characters and what they
    display:

    Displays Argument (Variables Contents) As

    Conversion Character
    %c

    Single character

    %d

    Signed decimal integer (int)

    %e

    Signed floating-point value in E notation

    %f

    Signed floating-point value (float)

    %g

    Signed value in %e or %f format, whichever is shorter

    %i

    Signed decimal integer (int)

    %o

    Unsigned octal (base 8) integer (int)

    %s

    String of text

    %u

    Unsigned decimal integer (int)

    %x

    Unsigned hexadecimal (base 16) integer (int)

    %%

    (percent character)

    C Language Escape Sequences


    Programming in C is fast all you have to do is type a short sequence of keystrokes generally just two to get a
    tab, a new line, a question mark, and more. The following table shows the sequences you need to accomplish a
    variety of tasks:

    Sequence

    Represents

    \a

    The speaker beeping

    \b

    Backspace (move the cursor back, no erase)

    \f

    Form feed (eject printer page; ankh character on the screen)

    \n

    Newline, like pressing the Enter key

    \r

    Carriage return (moves the cursor to the beginning of the line)

    \t

    Tab

    \v

    Vertical tab (moves the cursor down a line)

    \\

    The backslash character

    The apostrophe

    The double-quote character

    \?

    The question mark

    \0

    The null byte (backslash-zero)

    \xnnn

    A character value in hexadecimal (base 16)

    \Xnnn

    A character value in hexadecimal (base 16)

    C Language Keywords
    The C programming language has just 32 keywords for you to build robust programs. With only 32 keywords, they all
    fit nicely into a short table. Use them wisely and well.

    auto

    double

    int

    struct

    break

    else

    long

    switch

    case

    enum

    register

    typedef

    char

    extern

    return

    union

    const

    float

    short

    unsigned

    continue

    for

    static

    void

    default

    goto

    sizeof

    volatile

    do

    if

    signed

    While

    C Language Numeric Data Types


    When programming with C, keywords and variables go together like the 4th of July and fireworks, although with a bit
    less drama. The following table shows C keywords, their variable types, and their ranges:

    C Language Mathematical Symbols


    Programming math functions with C is fairly straightforward: a plus sign works like any sixth-grader knows it should
    and does addition. The mathematical symbols and the function they serve in C are shown in the following table:

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