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Patch antenna design tutorial with CST microwave - Electronics Engineering Tutorials

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Home CST Studio Tutorial Patch antenna design tutorial with CST
microwave

Patch antenna design tutorial with

CST microwave
This is a tutorial
series on
microstrip patch
antenna design
with inset feed in
CST microwave.
The antenna will
be designed to
work in 2.4GHz
ISM band used in
WiFi devices.
The overall design
steps for designing
the patch antenna in CST microwave studio involves1. Calculation of the dimension of the patch antenna, substrate,
ground plane, effective dielectric constant, impedance etc.
2. Inputting the parameter obtained into the CST microwave studio,
draw the substrate,, ground plane, patch antenna, gap between the
patch and microstrip feed and microstrip feed.
3. Simulation and Optimization
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Patch antenna design tutorial with CST microwave - Electronics Engineering Tutorials

The patch antenna picture that will be designed is shown below-

Because it is a lengthy process, each step is described in different blog

post. The first step which involves the calculation is described in this
post. Readers can skip to2nd Part- Design of Microstrip Patch Antenna in CST Microwave Studio
3rd Part- Inset Fed Patch Antenna Simulation and Result
Design Specification:
Suppose we want to design the patch antenna that resonates at
2.45GHz on a RT/Duroid 5870 substrate. The RT/Duroid substrate has
a dielectric constant of 2.33 and a thickness (or height) of 0.787mm.
The first step is determine the length and width of the patch antenna.
These can be determined using the following equationsFor Width,

W =

2f

........(1)

r +1

where,
c is the speed of light,

c = 3 10

fr is the resonant frequency,

r

m/sec

= 2.4835GH z

is the dielectric constant of RT/Duroid substrate,

r = 2.33

substituting the values gives us, W = 47.44mm

For Length,
first determine the effective dielectric constant,

+1

http://appliedelectronicsengineering.blogspot.in/2013/08/patch-antenna-design-tutorial-with-cst.html
+
ef f =
r

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Patch antenna design tutorial with CST microwave - Electronics Engineering Tutorials
ef f =

r +1
2

r 1
2

1
1+

............(2)
12h
W

ef f = 2.272

then find the extended incremental length,

W

( eff +0.3)(

L = 0.412 h

+0.264)

............

h
W

( eff +0.258)(

+0.8)

(3)
using the values we find,

L = 1mm
Now the length of the patch antenna can be obtained using the
equation below,
L =

c
2f r
r

........(4)

Substituting the known values we obtain the length of the patch

antenna as, L = 39.618mm
The next step is to determine the Inset feed point.
What is the inset feed point? It is a point located inside the patch
where the impedance of the feed microstrip and the patch antenna is
matched or becomes equal and thus least amount of energy is
reflected back to the microstrip and most of the energy is radiated
from the antenna.
Let the distance of the inset feed point be d from one of the edge of
the patch antenna. Let us use a 50ohm microstrip feed and find the
inset point where this 50ohm will match the input impedance of the
patch antenna.
The equation to find out the value of d is,
R f ,in (d) = R p,in (0) cos

d
L

........(6)

where,
R p,in (0) =

here

G1

1
2(G 1 G 12 )

........(7)

is the conductance at the entry slot and G12 is the mutual

conductance between the entry and second slot.

Using approximation,
1

http://appliedelectronicsengineering.blogspot.in/2013/08/patch-antenna-design-tutorial-with-cst.html
p,in (0) =

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Patch antenna design tutorial with CST microwave - Electronics Engineering Tutorials
R p,in (0) =

The value of

........(8)

2G 1

is given by,

G1

Sin(kW )

cos(kW )+kW S i (kW )+

G1 =

120

...............(9)

kW

where, k is the wave vector,

k =

= 51.98m

Substituting the value of W=46.8mm(0.0468m) and k=51.98 per m

in equation (9), we obtain

G1 = 2.855 10

Now, using equation (8) we obtain,

R p,in (0) = 175ohm

Substituting the values of

R p,in (0), R f ,in (d) = 50ohm

obtained

above in equation (6) and solving for d we get,

d =

cos

R f,in (d)
R p,in (0)

d=12.697 mm
Now we have to calculate the width of the microstrip feed line with
impedance of 50ohm. The width of the microstrip line can be found
out using microstrip line calculator such as ADS LineCalc or using the
following formula120

Zf =

eff [

+1.393+0.667ln(
h

+1.444)]
h

............(5)
Using the ADS LineCalc the width of microstrip feed W f and length
were obtained as below-

W f = 2.291mm

and L f

= 31.949mm

We have calculated all the required dimension for the microstrip patch
antenna design.
Now continue reading Design of Microstrip antenna in CST Microwave
Studio

http://appliedelectronicsengineering.blogspot.in/2013/08/patch-antenna-design-tutorial-with-cst.html

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10/22/2014

Patch antenna design tutorial with CST microwave - Electronics Engineering Tutorials

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http://appliedelectronicsengineering.blogspot.in/2013/08/patch-antenna-design-tutorial-with-cst.html

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Patch antenna design tutorial with CST microwave - Electronics Engineering Tutorials

This is the second part of the

Inset fed Patch antenna design
tutorial using CST Microwave
Studio.
[...]
13 comments:

Varun February 13, 2014 at 3:28 PM

Can you throw some light on equation (3)?
How do we get the constants in the equation.
Reply
Replies
Joao Rosa April 13, 2014 at 11:57 PM
Two

scientists

presented

(Silvester

their

and

calculated

Benedek)

data

for

have
excess

capacitance of the microstrip open circuit as

polynomial equations for six different values of
dielectric constant (er). It has been found possible
to reduce those equations to one valid for all values
of 'er' . Those constants are the result of that
interpolation of equations and they are not exacly
precise forr all values of 'er'.
The factor "0.258" is wrong though, it should be
subtracted and not added
Reply

Susan lama

February 13, 2014 at 8:07 PM

i think that was from antenna textbooks but i forgot which

one...let me know if you require it badly
Reply
Replies
Bjrn March 6, 2014 at 4:29 PM
Nice tutorial. I want to read something more about
the designing of patch antennas. Could you give me
the book titles which you have used for the first
part of the tutorial?
Reply

nur alias March 6, 2014 at 9:50 AM

What is Si and Sin in equation 9
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Patch antenna design tutorial with CST microwave - Electronics Engineering Tutorials

Reply
Replies
Susan lama

March 6, 2014 at 11:24 AM

Si(x) is a sine integral function and Sin is usual sine

operator

nur alias April 8, 2014 at 7:00 AM

How can I get the value of Si and Sin

nur alias April 8, 2014 at 7:01 AM

How can I get the value for Si and Sin
Reply

nur alias March 6, 2014 at 9:50 AM

what is Si and Sin in equation 9
Reply

Hunh Thanh Bnh March 24, 2014 at 8:34 PM

please, I can not calculate the value of Lf and Wf I don't find
equation in order to calculate the value of Lf. PLEASE HELP
ME..........!!!
Reply

Hunh Thanh Bnh March 24, 2014 at 8:34 PM

This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
Reply

Wang Fengzhou May 5, 2014 at 2:47 AM

How to calculte of Wf and Lf?
Reply

manmitha May 12, 2014 at 10:44 AM

how to design a microstrip array by using cst tool..can any one
help me...
Reply
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