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    The Microscope - Parts and Functions

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    Lhynne Riano Salando
    The document describes the main parts and functions of a compound microscope. It lists the eyepiece lens, tube, arm, base, illuminator, stage, revolving nosepiece, objective lenses, rack stop, and diaphragm as the major components. It explains that the compound microscope uses two systems of lenses, the ocular lens and objective lens, to provide greater magnification than a simple magnifying glass, with total magnifications ranging from 40x to 1000x depending on the eyepiece and objective used. It also provides instructions for properly focusing the microscope by starting with the lowest power objective and moving up while adjusting the focus.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    The Microscope - Parts and Functions

    Uploaded by

    Lhynne Riano Salando
    153 views2 pages
    The document describes the main parts and functions of a compound microscope. It lists the eyepiece lens, tube, arm, base, illuminator, stage, revolving nosepiece, objective lenses, rack stop, and diaphragm as the major components. It explains that the compound microscope uses two systems of lenses, the ocular lens and objective lens, to provide greater magnification than a simple magnifying glass, with total magnifications ranging from 40x to 1000x depending on the eyepiece and objective used. It also provides instructions for properly focusing the microscope by starting with the lowest power objective and moving up while adjusting the focus.

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    The Microscope

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    The document describes the main parts and functions of a compound microscope. It lists the eyepiece lens, tube, arm, base, illuminator, stage, revolving nosepiece, objective lenses, rack stop, and diaphragm as the major components. It explains that the compound microscope uses two systems of lenses, the ocular lens and objective lens, to provide greater magnification than a simple magnifying glass, with total magnifications ranging from 40x to 1000x depending on the eyepiece and objective used. It also provides instructions for properly focusing the microscope by starting with the lowest power objective and moving up while adjusting the focus.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    153 views2 pages

    The Microscope - Parts and Functions

    Uploaded by

    Lhynne Riano Salando
    The document describes the main parts and functions of a compound microscope. It lists the eyepiece lens, tube, arm, base, illuminator, stage, revolving nosepiece, objective lenses, rack stop, and diaphragm as the major components. It explains that the compound microscope uses two systems of lenses, the ocular lens and objective lens, to provide greater magnification than a simple magnifying glass, with total magnifications ranging from 40x to 1000x depending on the eyepiece and objective used. It also provides instructions for properly focusing the microscope by starting with the lowest power objective and moving up while adjusting the focus.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    The Microscope - Parts and Functions

    Historians credit the invention of


    the compound microscope to the
    Dutch spectacle maker, Zacharias
    Janssen, around the year 1590.
    The compound microscope uses
    lenses and light to enlarge the
    image and is also called an optical or
    light microscope. The simplest
    optical microscope is the magnifying
    glass and is good to about ten times
    (10X) magnification. The compound
    microscope has two systems of
    lenses for greater magnification, 1)
    the ocular or eyepiece lens that one
    looks into and 2) the objective lens,
    or the lens closest to the object.

    Eyepiece Lens (Ocular lens): the lens at the top that you look through. They are
    usually 10X or 15X power.
    Tube: Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses
    Arm: Supports the tube and connects it to the base
    Base: The bottom of the microscope, used for support
    Illuminator: A steady light source (110 volts) used in place of a mirror. If your
    microscope has a mirror, it is used to reflect light from an external light source up
    through the bottom of the stage.
    Stage: The flat platform where you place your slides. Stage clips hold the slides
    in place. If your microscope has a mechanical stage, you will be able to move the
    slide around by turning two knobs. One moves it left and right, the other moves it

    up and down.
    Revolving Nosepiece or Turret: This is the part that holds two or more objective
    lenses and can be rotated to easily change power.
    Objective Lenses: Usually you will find 3 or 4 objective lenses on a microscope.
    They almost always consist of 4X, 10X, 40X and 100X powers. When coupled with a
    10X (most common) eyepiece lens, we get total magnifications of 40X (4X times
    10X), 100X, 400X and 1000X. The shortest lens is the lowest power, the longest
    one is the lens with the greatest power.
    Rack Stop: This is an adjustment that determines how close the objective lens can
    get to the slide. It is set at the factory and keeps students from cranking the high
    power objective lens down into the slide and breaking things. You would only need
    to adjust this if you were using very thin slides and you weren't able to focus on
    the specimen at high power. (Tip: If you are using thin slides and can't focus,
    rather than adjust the rack stop, place a clear glass slide under the original slide to
    raise it a bit higher)
    Diaphragm or Iris: Many microscopes have a rotating disk under the stage. This
    diaphragm has different sized holes and is used to vary the intensity and size of
    the cone of light that is projected upward into the slide. There is no set rule
    regarding which setting to use for a particular power. Rather, the setting is a
    function of the transparency of the specimen, the degree of contrast you desire
    and the particular objective lens in use.
    How to Focus Your Microscope: The proper way to focus a microscope is to start
    with the lowest power objective lens first and while looking from the side, crank
    the lens down as close to the specimen as possible without touching it. Now, look
    through the eyepiece lens and focus upward only until the image is sharp. If you
    can't get it in focus, repeat the process again. Once the image is sharp with the
    low power lens, you should be able to simply click in the next power lens and do
    minor adjustments with the focus knob. If your microscope has a fine focus
    adjustment, turning it a bit should be all that's necessary. Continue with
    subsequent objective lenses and fine focus each time.

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