CIP Annual Report 2008

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Contents
Annual Report
2008
Contents
International Potato Center Annual Report 2008
Introduction
Statement by the Board Chair
Board of Trustees - 2008
Foreword - Director General
4
6
7
Food availability
A million hectares of potatoes in the developing world 11
Towards certified seed of native potatoes
13
The fastest spreading potato variety in China
16
Producing the best of all potatoes in the Philippines 18
Food access
Going to scale with sweetpotatoes in Indonesia
Farmers willing to pay for quality sweetpotato vines
Looking into the future of sweetpotato in
western Kenya
Chips in Uzbekistan
23
25
27
29
Food utilization
Sweetpotato as a health benefit
Potatoes for health
33
35
Vulnerability
Corporate social responsibility and native potatoes
Looking at the Andes through the eyes of a condor
Balancing the benefits of organic and inorganic
fertilization
Making lives better for Ethiopias farmers
39
42
45
47
CIPs impact
CIP Publications - 2008
CIP Outputs - 2008
CIP Outcomes - 2008
CIP Impact Culture - 2008
51
52
69
75
CIP in 2008
Financial report 2008
Donors contributions
Countries in which CIP is working
Global contact points
CIPs internal structure
CIP staff list
Centers supported by the CGIAR
81
83
84
85
87
88
94
International Potato Center Annual Report 2008 3
Statement
Statement
by the
Board Chair
2008 was a special year for the potato and for the International
Potato Center (CIP). With the United Nations declaring 2008 as the
International Year of the Potato (IYP), it was a year of recognition
and praise for the precious tuber, for its nutritional and economic
value; for its potential to secure food for a growing population and
for helping the poor to get out of poverty in a sustained manner.
For the occasion, the International Potato Center bundled its
efforts to explain and demonstrate to an interested public, to
producers and consumers the vital role of potatoes in providing
food in the past, the present and in the future. A good example is
the significant increase in yield and area under potato production
in Asia and Africa. This is the result of the growing recognition of
the value of the potato as a healthy and nourishing food and of
the promotion of improved planting materials and techniques.
CIP, together with its partners, has played a vital role in these
encouraging developments. More recent is the ground-breaking
work in orange-fleshed sweetpotatoes. At the Annual General
Meeting of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural
Research (CGIAR) CIP received an award for a publication
detailing its research on the nutritional effects of orange-fleshed
sweetpotatoes in Mozambique children.
4 International Potato Center Annual Report 2008
CIP is well equipped to respond to the future challenges of climate change and food security.
Its collective know-how and the germplasm collection it holds in trust allow CIP to further advance its
program of research for development. CIP will intensify its efforts in research and cooperation to serve
especially the needs of the people in the poverty belts and pockets of Asia, Africa and Latin America.
The Change Management Process of the CGIAR was a major focal point of the year for CIP
and its Board of Trustees. The Director General and the Board have seriously engaged in the change
process to make the outcome a success for the advancement of agricultural research for development.
The Board met four times during the year; twice face to face; twice in telephone conferences. This
allowed for a regular follow up, with special attention to finances and other risk issues. Thanks to the
tireless efforts of the Director General and staff, the CIP budget has steadily grown by 10 percent per
year over the past four years. This is all the more remarkable, considering the financial crisis and the
persistent lack of funding for agricultural research to respond to the food crisis with a longer term
perspective. Due to prudent financial management, CIP was able to maintain its financial assets and
obtain positive, though diminishing returns. With an increasing budget and dwindling surpluses the
Board is monitoring the development of the financial indicators attentively.
After two terms of service on the Board of Trustees of the Center Dr. Alexander Boronin,
Dr. Madhura Swaminathan, and Dr. Jim Godfrey retired from their function as Board members in
2008. Jim Godfrey served the Board as its Chair for more than five years. He played a vital role in the
advancement of the professionalization of the Board and in the training of CGIAR Board members. I
am grateful for the leadership he provided to CIP and the strategic work done. It facilitated my work
and that of the Board.
I do not want to finish without thanking our donors and partners who contributed to
achieving these goals for the year 2008. Special thanks go to the whole CIP team who managed so
well the additional work for the International Year of the Potato. I trust that CIP and its staff
will similarly grasp the opportunities and tackle the challenges associated with the upcoming
CGIAR Reform.
Ruth Egger
Board Chair
Board
Board
of Trustees 2008
1. Dr. Peter VanderZaag5

Canada
8. Dr. Pamela K. Anderson

Peru
2. Dr. Jose Valle-Riestra

Peru
1
3. Dr. Alexander Boronin

Institute of Biochemistry and
Physiology of Microorganisms,
Russian Academy of Sciences
Russia
4. Dr. S. Edison5
India
5. Mr. Edward Sayegh
Lebanon
9. Dr. Pauline Kuzwayo (Vice-Chair)

Medical University of
Southern Africa
South Africa
10. Dr. Madhura Swaminathan1
Indian Statistical Institute
India
11. Dr. Ruth Egger (Chair)3
Switzerland
6. Mr. James Godfrey1

United Kingdom
12. Dr. G. Edward Schuh2

Hubert Humphrey Institute of
Public Affairs
USA
7. Dr. Song Jian

Chinese Academy of Engineering
China
13. Dr. Juan Risi4

INIA
Peru
1 Ended term April 2008 2 Ceased May 2008 3 Chair as of May 2008 4 Missing in the picture,
5 Joined Board in April 2008
Foreword
Foreword
Director General
2008 was a unique year for the International Potato Center and our
partners around the world. The United Nations declared 2008 as
International Year of the Potato (IYP). The mission of the IYP was
to increase awareness of the importance of the potato as a food
for developing nations, and to promote research and development
of potato-based systems as a means of contributing to the
achievement of the United Nations Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs). IYP was a success both in terms of public awareness
and promoting research and development efforts. We are finishing
a separate publication in order to share the activities and the
outcomes of IYP.
As the International Year progressed we witnessed the
emergence of a world crisis in the price of food grains. Because of
this, the media rapidly shifted their focus to the role of potato in
global food security. Indeed, of the top ten foods that the world
depends upon for global food security, potato and sweetpotato
rank third and sixth, respectively, with sweetpotato taking on an
increasingly important role for food security in Sub-Saharan Africa.
For that reason we have titled this 2008 Annual Report Potatoes
and Sweetpotatoes: Providing Food Security.
Food security exists when all people at all times are free
from hunger. It is generally agreed that the components of food
security include: food availability, access, utilization and vulnerability. Food availability is the supply
of food. Access is the ability to obtain that food. Utilization is a persons ability to select, take-in and
absorb nutrients in the food. And vulnerability is the physical, environmental, economic, social and
health risks that may affect availability, access and use.
We have organized this 2008 report to present examples of the research that CIP and our partners
are carrying out in each of these component areas of food security. While the Centers supported
by the CGIAR have historically focused on increasing food productivity, it should be clear that our
research and development efforts also represent critical contributions in the areas of access, utilization
and vulnerability. We have systematically expanded our research to encompass the broader agenda of
food security.
We are moving into a post-food-surplus world. As the worlds population continues to grow and
become more affluent, food security will become increasingly critical, both on a country and an
individual level, and especially for the most needy and disadvantaged on our planet. I am
proud of contributions that the International Potato Center and our partners are making to this
global challenge.
Pamela K. Anderson
Director General
Food Security
Food
availability
Food availability
A million hectares
of potatoes in the
developing world
Towards certified seed of

native potatoes
The fastest spreading

potato variety in China
Producing the best

of all potatoes in the
Philippines
Food Security
A million
hectares of
potatoes in the
developing
world
Potato varieties bred

with CIP materials
or obtained with
help from the Center
now occupy over
1 million hectares
of land worldwide.
This statistic comes
from a survey of 23
national potatobreeding programs in
developing countries
in Asia, Sub-Saharan
Africa and Latin
America, which
together account for
more than 80% of
developing country
potato area and
production.
This is an important milestone.

not only for CIP, which has
invested in potato breeding
ever since its inception more
than 35 years ago, but for
the agriculture research
community as a whole, because
it helps validate investments
in crop improvement
programs. Over the past three
decades, CIP breeders have
been spearheading efforts
to develop better-adapted,
disease-resisting, higheryielding potato varieties
that can become a reliable
source of food and income
for poor potato farmers
around the world. And
according to recent findings,
this long-term investment is
paying off. Equally important,
this impressive marker
demonstrates farmers
continued interest in adopting
new, improved potato varieties.
In addition to identifying
the most popular varieties
adopted by farmers, the
survey (conducted in 2007
and validated in 2008) elicited
information on potato and
seed production, released
varieties, and escapes, among
other things.
The area planted to
CIP-related varieties in the
surveyed countries increased
to 13.1 percent of the total.
China accounted for about
half of the increase, compared
to figures from a previous
1997 survey. Cooperation 88,
covering nearly 120 000 ha in
2007, is the largest adopted
CIP-related variety worldwide.
Peru also made significant
contributions, with the area
planted to the Canchan variety
more than doubling in just 10
years from 26 000 ha to
58 000 ha. Today, this CIPderived high-yielding, potato
FALTA FOTO
Over 1 million ha of
land are planted with
CIP-derived varieties
PHOTO BY CIP ARCHIVES
variety released by Perus

national potato breeding
program is a predominant
commercial variety on the
Peruvian market.
CIP materials have had
significant impact in the poorer
countries of Sub-Saharan Africa,
contributing to improved food
security in that continent. In
seven of the eight countries
sampled in 2007, CIP-NARS
(national agricultural research
systems) varieties occupied the
largest proportion of the total
area planted, with 92 000 ha in
Rwanda, 30 200 ha in Uganda
and 67 000 ha in Kenya. In
Tanzania, Kikondo, a CIPdistributed and NARS-released
variety occupies 18 000 ha,
representing more than 50% of
the countrys total area planted.
In Burundi and DR Congo CIPrelated varieties occupy almost
all of the planted potato area.
Potato is a vegetatively
propagated crop that is
susceptible to viruses and
diseases, which are, in turn,

transmitted by infected tubers
used as seed the following
year. CIP-bred materials have
been particularly important
for smaller national programs
that do not have enough
potato production to justify a
full-scale breeding effort, and
more importantly, the budget
to conduct the costly and
time-consuming pathogen
testing and virus elimination
required for successful
breeding. The relatively large
number of varieties adopted
in Sub-Saharan Africa also
suggests success in providing
adapted materials to highly
heterogeneous agro-ecological
zones.
CIP-bred materials are set
to become more important
with potato production in
developing countries growing
much faster than anticipated.
Potato area and yield in
developing nations have
expanded rapidly since the
early 1960s, with production

increasing more than threefold
and the area more than
doubling.
With an estimated achieved
yield increase of 2.0 tonnes per
hectare, widespread adoption
of CIP materials has generated
a net present value of more
than US$120 million and
rates of return to continued
investment in breeding and
crop-improvement programs
of more than 20 percent. If
new materials continue to be
developed and are successful
in responding to farmers
demands, the aggregate area
under CIP-related varieties
will continue to increase
returns to investment in crop
improvement programs.
Strengthening breeding
programs in developing
countries that seek advanced
materials and populations for
local selection will increase
the chance that the released
varieties will share parentage
with CIP material.
In todays economic
context, the role of the potato
as a staple crop becomes more
and more relevant as food crop
prices settle at higher levels
than in the past. Thus, the
development and availability of
appropriate varieties and crop
technologies is crucial to meet
an increased potato demand at
affordable prices for the poor.
Food Security
Towards
certified seed of
native potatoes
In an important
milestone for Perus
native potato
industry, in 2008 the
government gave
farmers the green
light to officially
register a select
group of 61 native
potato varieties as
commercial varieties.
This registration
allows farmers to
produce healthy
seed of these native
varieties under the
countrys national
seed certification
program.
This is big news for
all the people involved
in the native potato
production chain, as
certified seed will help
not only to expand, but more

importantly, formalize the
rapidly growing native potato
market by guaranteeing a
steady supply of high quality
tubers as raw material for the
processing industry.
Over the past few years,
there has been a growing
interest in native potatoes,
given their culinary versatility
and nutritional content. Some
varieties, namely those with
bright colored flesh and
uniquely pigmented skin, are
being processed into gourmet
chips while others are being
incorporated into main dishes
at upscale restaurants.
Despite this boom, native
potato farmers have not been
able to fully capitalize on
this growing trend; they are
having a difficult time keeping
up with market demand as
most of these farmers have
technical constraints that
hinder a competitive potato
production. Indeed, access to
61 native potato
varieties have been
registered in Peru
PHOTO BY K. ZINSER
Farmers enjoying
freshly harvested
potatoes in San Jose
de Aymara, Peru
PHOTO BY K. ZINSER
quality planting material is one

of farmers main constraints.
With this in mind, CIPs
projects INCOPA and Papa
Andina brought together a
seed thematic group involving
other local public and privatesector organizations that
together have spearheaded
efforts over the past few years
to allow the certification
of native potato seed. The
primary organizations involved
in this endeavor include
Perus Ministry of Agriculture
(MINAG), the Servicio Nacional
de Sanidad Agraria (SENASA),
the Instituto Nacional de
Innovacion Agraria (INIA)
and non-governmental
organizations such as: ADERSPer, FOVIDA and CAPAC
Peru, representing farmer
organizations from Junin,
Huanuco, Pasco, Andahuaylas
and Huancavelica.
Certification provides
farmers with access to healthy
seed, the best guarantee to
obtaining high quality potato
tubers. Currently, most native
potato farmers in Peru utilize
substandard, poor yielding
common seed that carries
pests and diseases from one
season to another. Because
the potato is a vegetatively
propagated crop, the tuber
seed transports these harmful
pests and diseases, diminishing
the yield and quality of the
cultivar from generation to
generation. The use of healthy
seed is the only way to stop
this vicious cycle.
In addition to helping
develop Perus native
potato industry at all levels
of the production chain,
the underlying goal of this
collective action is to help
impoverished Andean native
potato farmers improve
their incomes and therefore

livelihood by creating market
opportunities for their crop.
The seed thematic
group overcame a series of
challenges, which involved,
among other things, numerous
research and advocacy
efforts, in order to inscribe 61
new cultivars as commercial
varieties in the countrys official
registryand therefore allow
the production of certified
seed.
The groups initial
undertaking involved
developing novel standards
for characterizing native
potatoes. A variety must be
thoroughly identified and
characterized in order to be
included in Perus Registry
of Commercial Cultivars.
Prior to these new standards,
native potatoes could not be
adequately identified using
the former characterization
tests because these tests were
limited to traits that show up

only in improved or modern
commercial varietiesand
therefore did not detect
the diversity of traits found
in native cultivars. The skin
color of improved varieties,
for example, is usually solid
red, white or cream, whereas
the skin, and even flesh, of
native potatoes exists in an
assortment of colors and its
tubers in an array of sizes and
shapes.
The registration process
of a specific cultivar also used
tests and multi-location field
trials aimed at ensuring that
a variety, particularly a new,
untested variety, performs well
across different environments.
Cleary, these extensive trials
do not make sense for native
varieties, which have been
grown by farmers for hundreds
of years and have therefore
already been tried and tested
as resistant and high yielding.
Indeed, these and other

requirements made the
registration of new varieties
not only extensive, but more
importantly, too expensive for
including new native potato
cultivars. Today, extensive
trials are no longer required
to register native potatoes:
identification is now possible
with a descriptor list for native
potatoes proposed by CIP,
which has been adopted by
SENASA and INIA.
More than 15 of the 61 new
varieties currently inscribed
in Perus Registry of Commercial Cultivars are already
commercialized in Lima and
other regional markets. These
include Huagalina, Huayro,
Huamantanga, Peruanita and
Tumbay. Moreover, a large part
of these newly listed varieties
have unique colored flesh and
skin, an attribute that is highly
sought after by the gourmet
foods sector.
Another significant task
achieved by the seed thematic
group involved the exemption
of the associated inscription
fee when registering native
potatoes in the national
registry. This amendment,
approved by the Peruvian
government last year, is quite
significant, considering that
there are well over 2000 native
potato varieties that have yet
to be inscribed.
In addition to helping
promote Perus growing native
potato industry by approving
pro-registration amendments,
the Ministry of Agriculture was
particularly keen in creating a
new National Registry of Native
Peruvian Potatoes (Registro
Nacional de la Papa Nativa
Peruana), managed by INIA, in
order to protect the Peruvian
native potato from illegal,
unauthorized appropriation.
CIP is well aware of the
importance of protecting
a countrys potato genetic
resources not only from
unauthorized appropriation,
but also from natural and
man-made disasters. Ever
since its inception more than
35 years ago, the Center has
been committed to conserving
native cultivars. Today, CIP
maintains the worlds largest
bank of potato germplasm,
including some 4200 samples
of traditional Andean cultivated
potatoes.
Promoters and supporters
of seed certification are
confident that this and other
efforts designed to formalize
the native potato industry will
help create new native potatobased initiatives in Peru as well
as support related on-going
projects, namely those involved
with the processing of varieties
into colorful chips. Moreover,
certification will help pave
the way for obtaining seals
and certificates of approval
(i.e. good agronomic practice,
organic farming) for native
potato products.
Food Security
The fastest
spreading
potato variety
in China
Chinese farmers are

rapidly adopting a
CIP-developed potato
variety that resists
drought and gives
much better yields
than local varieties. CIP
scientists developed
the Tacna variety
in 1993 and it was
introduced into China
in 1994 in the form
of in vitro plantlets.
After multiplication
in laboratory and
greenhouse, the
Chinese authorities
worked with CIP
scientists to evaluate
the variety for drought
tolerance. Work took
place in the field in the
Hebei Highland Crop
Research Institute, the Wumeng

Agricultural Research Institute
and the Shanxi Highland Crop
Research Institute from the late
1990s onwards. Because of its
high tolerance to drought and
good yield, after several years
evaluation, the variety was put
into the National Regional Trial for
New Potato Varieties by the Hebei
Highland Crop Research Institute
in 2003.
Trials in 2004 and 2005 in
northern China (including Hebei,
Shanxi and Inner Mongolia)
showed tuber yields of
31.41 t/ha, over 40 percent higher
than Zihuabai, the most popular
variety in the region. Yet the Tacna
variety produced these yields
with almost no irrigation. Tests for
disease resistance also showed
that it was highly resistant to
potato viruses X and Y, with some
resistance to late blight. Because
of this excellent performance, the
Chinese authorities released Tacna
as a new national potato variety in
2006, naming it Jizhangshu 8.The
performance of Tacna in China is
an example of the useful diversity
for stress tolerance that has been
maintained in CIPs lowland tropics
population, and which we are now
rescuing by directed selection,
said Meredith Bonierbale, CIPs
Senior Breeder.
Jizhangshu 8 has been rapidly
spreading throughout China
since it was registered. Planted
area was over 66 000 ha in 2008
and the large-scale multiplication
that is going on in the country
is expected to increase that area
to up to 100 000 ha in 2009.No
other new potato variety in China,
maybe in the world, has ever reach
a planting area near 66 000 ha so
soon after it was registered, said
Xie Kaiyun, the head of CIPs Liaison
Office in Beijing. The variety has
been widely planted in Hebei, Inner
Mongolia, Shanxi, Gansu, Ningxia,
Xinqiang, Heilongjiang, Fujian and
Guizhou, from 25 to 48 degrees
north latitude, in different agroecological regions.

CIP has developed elite
potato breeding clones with
resistance to virus, tolerance to
heat, drought and/or salinity in
the lowland potato population.
The variety Jizhangshu 8 is a
product of this breeding effort.
The genetic background of the
variety Jizhangshu 8 is highly
diverse and includes 3 wild and 2
cultivated species. Its parents had
been pre-bred in INTA-Argentina,
Max Planck Institute-Germany,
Cornell University-USA and SPBSScotland and CIP. The variety
Jizhangshu 8 is a clonal selection
from a CIP cross, actually made in
1988 and tested during intensive
research during 1989-1993 by
Jorge Espinoza and Humberto
Mendoza of the University of
Tacna. It was found outstanding
in the arid areas of Peru,
tolerating drought and the boron
toxicity common in desert areas.
It was released as the variety
Tacna in collaboration with Rene
Chavez of the Universidad Jorge
Basadre Grohmann, Peru. Results

from evaluating potato crosses
related to the variety Tacna in
north China revealed the yield
potential of such material.
Tacna, or Jizhangshu, has
a growing period from 100
to 110 days after emergence,
produces about six good-sized
tubers per plant, with 16.4
mg vitamin C per 100 g fresh
flesh, 17 percent starch content
and 2.25 percent protein. Its
steam-cooking quality is very
good, one of the reasons for its
popularity, although its drought
resistance is its outstanding
quality. Northwest China is
going through a severe drought
now; one of the more critical
challenges that China is facing
in increasing food production.
With proper management and
inputs, average yields could be
doubled, said Xie Kaiyun.
Because of the high
tolerance to drought and high
yield potential, this variety
can yield about 30 t/ha under
rain-fed conditions, with annual
rainfall from 300 to 400 mm

and can achieve even higher
yields under irrigation. In the
early stage of extending this
variety, I would get many calls
everyday from farmers and my
friends and they asked me to
give them some seed potatoes
during the harvesting season.
To solve the problem, all of the
nethouses in our institute were
used to produce pre-basic and
basic seeds of this variety, said
Mr. Ying Jiang, the vice president
of Zhangjiangkou Academy of
Agricultural Sciences, who got the
variety registered in China under
its Chinese name, Jizhangshu 8.
I saw Tacna growing in the
field in Keshan, northeastern
China, where it had been planted
for several years, said Fernando
Ezeta, CIPs regional leader in
East and Southeast Asia. The
health status of the crop was
good after many years without
seed renewal, possibly due to its
virus resistance. It has nice tubers
and it is quite prolific and a good
yielder.
Left: Tacna tolerates

dry conditions and still
produces good yields;
PHOTO BY F. EZETA
Right: Average yields

can be doubled with
proper management
and inputs
PHOTO BY X. KAIYUN
Food Security
Producing
the best of all

potatoes in the
Philippines
For several years CIP

breeding material
has been making a
valuable contribution
to potato production
in the Philippines.
Potato varieties
selected and bred
from CIP clones, such
as Igorota and Solibao
(CIP 676089) both first
released in the 1990s,
and most recently
Gloria (CIP 13.1.1), a
variety named after the
Philippine president,
have each come to
play an important role
in the local potato
industry and the
ongoing changes in
potato demand.
The availability of these

materials has meant we have
been able to respond to rapidly
changing market conditions,
said Dr Lorna Sister, research
specialist at CIP Los Baos.
Due to their suitability for the
warmer growing environment,
Solibao and Igorota performed
extremely well when farmers
expanded to mid-elevation
areas in the north. They are also
good varieties for processing
which further developed
production
Igorota was bred from
CIP clones at the Northern
Philippines Rootcrops
Research and Training Center
at Benguet State University
(BSU). With a dry matter
content of more than 21
percent, it is a very attractive
variety for fast food chains.
It was among the varieties
included in an ambitious
government funded, seedproduction effort started in
2005 and aimed at improving
farmers incomes in the
Philippine Cordillera through
the supply and development
of high quality planting
materials. The 2 million-peso
(roughly US$44 000) project
jointly implemented by The
Rootcrops Center, the Bureau
of Plant Industry (BPI) and the
Department of Agriculture
(DA) focused on opening up
business opportunities for
local farmers. After trials in The
Rootcrops Centers laboratories,
seeds were distributed to
selected farmers groups via
on-station screenhouses,
community-based nurseries
and government seed farms.
Dr. Jocelyn Perez, project
team leader at The Rootcrops
Center and a long-time
collaborator of CIP in the
Philippines, said participants
were encouraged to follow

formal seed accreditation
processes to ensure the
varieties meet international
standards. Before planting,
farmers submit soil samples
for testing and then during
the cropping period a seed
inspector comes about three
times to check for pathogens.
The seeds must possess
inspection tags as proof that
they have been certified.
The project could also
cash in on the growing
demand for improved varieties
abroad. Dr. Perez added, we
are training farmers in the
rudiments of computers and
the use of the Internet for
e-business; they will be able
to create a webpage and post
advertisements for their seed.
Seed growers enjoy stable
prices at about double the
average price of conventional
ware potato. Thus, these small
farmers organized to produce
quality seed enjoy a return on
their investment of 72 percent.

Farmers who sell Igorota
tubers in the local trading
post for vegetables at La
Trinidad said that Igorota
tubers are bought at a higher
price compared to the most
common potato variety grown.
The buyers usually supply the
Universal Robina Corporation
(URC) which produces potato
chips and other potato-based
snack foods in the country.
Presently, the Igorota variety is
planted to about one third of
the potato-growing area in the
highlands, or about 6000 crop
ha annually.
Now, two more CIP-related
clones, Solibao and Gloria, are
set to satisfy the demands
of the latest market trend:
inorganic production. They
have just been declared the
Philippines first organic potato
varieties. Organic cultivation
has a two-fold effect on
farmers incomes. Not only does
it cut costs on farm inputs; it
also offers a higher return on

investment. Potato ordinarily
sells for US$0.6 to US$0.7 per
kg but organic varieties can
fetch considerably higher
prices, upwards of US$2.00
per kg, especially when
aimed at the high end of the
market such as supermarkets.
Production at present is aimed
at fulfilling local demand,
but this is a springboard for
farmers to expand into the...
market where adaptability
to low/zero chemical inputs
is the main criterion, said
Perez. Consequently, there is
also an emerging demand for
organic seed potatoes, priced
at 75 percent more than the
conventional potato.
Mr. Pat Acosta, one of the
prominent organic vegetable
producers in Baguio City in
Northern Philippines, said that
with the selection of two
potato varieties for organic
potato production, the organic
revolution in the highlands has
begun.
The emerging organic
vegetable industry is slowly,
but surely, finding its niche in
the vegetable industry and in
consumers minds.
Benguet is the Philippines
main potato production center,
supplying approximately
62 percent of the countrys
annual production. The
provinces most common
potato disease is late blight
which can cause serious
damage to potato, leaves,
stems and tubers. But the two
CIP varieties genotypes are
strongly resistant to late blight
and other pests and require
minimum use of farm inputs.
The varieties were
developed by a team at
The Rootcrops Center after
testing on organic farms at
CIP material is
playing an important
role in Philippines
potato industry
PHOTO BY F. EZETA
Potato fields in the

tropical highlands
of Benguet, the
Philippines
PHOTO BY F. EZETA
1336 m asl to 2350 m asl in

Benguet in order to assess
adaptation to varying degrees
of temperature. From an initial
55 clones, mostly from CIP, 15
were chosen for trials studying
performance based on yield
per hectare, tuber size and
resistance to disease. Response
was also analyzed based on the
area of cultivation, temperature,
relative humidity and soil
conditions, with farmers using
only compost, animal manure,
effective microorganisms and
biological control. Among the
varieties that stood out were
Solibao, and Gloria which
have a potential yield of 7.85
tonnes per hectare. In a contest
to name the varieties during
BSUs recent anniversary
celebrations, farmers honored
Philippines President Arroyo
by naming CIP 13.1.1 Gloria
Kamaptengan. Kamaptengan
means the best of all.
With the selection of
varieties for organic production
ongoing and seed production

for organic potato seeds
already started, farmers in
Benguet can see the potential
for capacity building and
entrepreneurial opportunities.
The cases of seed potato
and organic potato point
to the willingness of seed
users and consumers to pay
a higher price for quality
products. More importantly,
these opportunities are
readily available, even to small
producers.
Food Security
Food
access
Food access
Going to scale with

sweetpotatoes in
Indonesia
Farmers willing to pay

for quality sweetpotato
vines
Looking into the future

of sweetpotato in
western Kenya
Chips in Uzbekistan
Food Security
Going
to scale with
sweetpotatoes
in Indonesia
Indonesia has one

of the most dynamic
non-governmental
organization
(NGO) sectors in
the developing
world. Thousands of
community-based
development NGOs
operate throughout
the country, often in
areas not reached
by public-sector
extension.
CIP has long
invested in building
partnerships with
Indonesia NGOs as
it recognizes their
strategic role in
dissemination and
going to scalea
key step in the pro-poor

research for development
cycle underpinning the
Centers new vision and
strategy. But as shown by a CIP
study conducted last year to
review the Centers decadelong Indonesian experience,
a better understanding of
unique institutional characters
is essential in widening the
development impact of its
research via the NGO route.
Since the late 1990s, CIP
has worked with a network of
NGOs in both Java and eastern
Indonesia. Starting with Mitra
Tani, a local NGO in Yogyakarta,
the partnership expanded
to cover a network of over
30 NGOs in 13 Indonesian
provinces under the auspices
of Vredeseilanden (VECO)
Indonesia.
The collaborative
effort with NGOs involved
a participatory learning
methodology for farmers
to better manage their
sweetpotato crop. There were
three key methodological,
technological and commodity
dimensions of the introduced
innovation. The farmer field
school methodology (FFS)
was introduced as a seasonlong training methodology
where farmers learn and share
farming knowledge through
a direct, experiential process.
Integrated crop management
(ICM) formed a research and
development strategy to
improve crop production
quantity and quality, pursued
through the integration of
various management practices
supporting crop health,
optimal use of local resources,
and supporting ecological and
economic sustainability.
The underlying goal for
engaging with NGOs was
NGO staff and farmers

jointly analyze results
of sweetpotato ICM
experiments in Indonesia
PHOTO BY D. CAMPILAN
to promote wider uptake of

sweetpotato ICM. CIP aimed
to build on and go beyond
the pioneering farmer groups
participating in pilot research
and learning activities where
ICM innovations were initially
shown to work effectively.
However, the study pointed
out that variability in needs,
opportunities and conditions
required agricultural
innovations from pilot
projects to be continuously
adapted to local conditions
when introduced to other
communities.
Following a series
of trainers training and
technical support workshops
by CIP, monitoring studies
revealed that partner NGOs
subsequently implemented
several types of workplans
derived from the original
sweetpotato ICM-farmer field
school innovation. This offers
NGOs a flexible approach by
allowing participants to select
and combine a set of principles

and practices relevant to
local farmers needs, said
Imam Suharto, leader of the
collaborating team from VECO
Indonesia. While NGOs initially
learned about ICM through
the case of sweetpotato, they
were able to apply this to other
crops and systems. Though
some NGOs opted not to
implement the FFS approach,
the principles of participatory
learning were applied in
conducting field experiments
with farmers both for
sweetpotato and other crops.
I consider development
NGOs as CIPs strategic partners
because they directly support
community-level learning and
action, especially for crops
and systems overlooked by
mainstream public-sector
development efforts, said
Dindo Campilan, the CIP
scientist who led the study.
He emphasized however that
these NGOs generally take
a multi-sectoral community
development approach as
compared with agricultural
research institutions, which are
often commodity/sub-system
focused. Therefore, they are
less likely to treat researchgenerated innovations as
finished products that only
need to be transferred and
diffused; instead they facilitate
further innovation through
adaptive learning.
This study confirmed that
scaling up cannot simply
be seen as a process of
diffusing knowledge products
generated by research. As a
multi-component innovation,
the sweetpotato ICM FFS
evolves into various forms as
NGOs take it through a process
of continuous improvisation.
The study emphasized that,
together with farmers, NGOs

can opt to use only some
components, apply these for
different crops/livelihoods,
or combine them with other
complementary innovations.
Indeed, NGOs capacity to
continuously innovate is itself
a key part of any mechanism
for scaling up. Tracking an
innovation as it moves from
one scale to the next can
be problematic because it
continues to evolve in the
hands of several intermediate
and end users. Thus, adopting
methodologies that integrate
scaling up in the design for
impact evaluation is of utmost
importance.
Food Security
Farmers
willing to pay
for quality
sweetpotato
vines
Results of an
innovative study
amongst small
farmers in Zambezia,
Mozambique showed
that the farmers
were willing to pay
for sweetpotato
vines for planting, if
they were sure they
were good quality
and would produce
a good yield. This is
encouraging progress
towards meeting food
security challenges
in a country where
sustainability of seed
systems is constantly
undermined by
natural and manmade

disasters.
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)
food security relies heavily on
seed systems dominated by
an informal sector supplying
between 85 and 90 percent
of the required seed, with
a low availability of clean,
healthy planting material.
Mozambique is one of the
poorest countries in the region,
with subsistence farmers
generating very low crop yields
that on average can satisfy only
80 percent of the minimum
daily calorie requirements.
The distribution of planting
materials has traditionally
largely been limited to short
term emergency programs
with no real view to long term
production and sustainability
access.
Extension programs in
the country run by World
Vision International and
CIPs national partner the
Instituto de Investigao
Sweetpotato is an
important food crop in
Sub-Saharan Africa
PHOTO BY S. TUMWEGAMIRE
Agrria de Moambique (IIAM)

have therefore focused on
disseminating and enhancing
orange-fleshed sweetpotato
(OFSP) production, while
promoting awareness of its
properties as a vitamin A-rich
food, targeted to combat
nutritional deficiency among
children under five, women and
the elderly.
The projects are working
towards expanding the
beneficiary population
by establishing a viable
network of decentralized
vine multipliers that produce
high quality OFSP vines and
create new income-generating
opportunities for small
farmers in the region. There
is a need to promote private
enterprise in the multiplication
of healthy planting material.
In the region, farmers would
normally get free material from
their neighbors or from NGOs
or on the limited occasions
when vines were sold, at prices
set well below production
costs. A question remained
as to whether small-scale
farmers, the main market for
sweetpotato vines, would be
able or willing to pay for such
material.
Reaching End Users (REU)
is the most recent multiinstitutional scaling up project,
funded by Harvest Plus, run by
CIP partners with CIP support,
permanent monitoring and
feedback. It expects to reach
more than 10 000 households
in the Zambezia province and
had already started to sell vines
to the target farmers. The first
task of this present study was
to assess farmers willingness
to pay for clean OFSP vines and
determine the existence of a
sustained demand for OFSP
planting material, said Ricardo
Labarta, agricultural economist

and CIP seed systems specialist
in Mozambique. We also aimed
in other trials to assess whether
multiplying OFSP vines under
small farmers conditions could
become a sustainable and
profitable enterprise.
Until now most
willingness-to-pay studies
had been based on stated
preferences and hypothetical
experiments. Following a
model originally used in
Norway, REU developed a real
choice experiment involving
121 sweetpotato growers in
Zambezia province, specifically
designed to fit Mozambiques
particular rural conditions.
This approach replicates a real
market experience aimed at
determining the real purchase
decisions of the respondent.
It is an excellent look at how
to assess willingness to pay in
a community setting, said Jan
Low, CIPs Regional Leader for
Sub-Saharan Africa.
For the sampling we
randomly selected six villages
with previous experience
of OFSP, said Labarta. Our
experiment consisted of ten
different choice scenarios. In
each, the respondent farmer
had to express which, if any, of
the two they would buy at the
displayed prices. We included
the four most preferred OFSP
varieties (Resisto, MGCL01,
Jonathan and Lo323) and
compared them with the most
used local variety. There was
also always a none of these
option, if they did not like any
of the varieties or if they found
the prices unaffordable.
Interviews took place
immediately before the
sweetpotato planting season.
Participation was voluntary,
each participant receiving
some money at the beginning

of the study to buy the vines
or alternatively keep for other
purchases. We stressed to the
farmers that at the end of the
experiment, the respondent
would randomly draw one of
the ten scenarios and they
would have to buy the variety
they had chosen in that
scenario. This was an important
incentive to really express
whether they would buy or
chose to keep the cash, said
Labarta.
Results were very
encouraging. Only 6 percent of
the participants decided not
to buy whereas more than 65
percent bought more than the
required one kilogram of vines
at the end of the experiment,
revealing the farmers
willingness to pay for
OFSP varieties (costing
US$ 0.07-0.12/kg) over nonorange planting material
(US$ 0.03) and compared to the
traditional subsidized price of
clean sweetpotato vines
(US$ 0.06).
Labarta sees the outcome
of the study as extremely
encouraging, providing
valuable feedback for
sweetpotato breeders all over
Sub-Saharan Africa. Given that
in corresponding on-farm and
on-station trials we verified
that vine multiplication under
small farmer conditions is
feasible at a cost of US$ 0.02
per kilo, this demonstrates a
real prospect for the future
creation and consolidation
of private vine multipliers in
Mozambique.
Food Security
Looking
into the
future of
sweetpotato in
western Kenya
By applying a wellknown method of

agricultural systems
analysis for the first
time to sweetpotato
farming in Kenya,
CIP researchers have
gained insights into
what research to do
that will best benefit
smallholder farmers in
the future.
Lieven Claessens,
a CIP scientist based
in Nairobi, Kenya,
used what is known
as a minimum-data
approach to estimate
the economic
feasibility of different
technologies and farmmanagement practices and

then used those results to
assess the chances of farmers
adopting the alternative
practices. The minimum-data
approach estimates how fast
a mixed farm population
will adopt a new technology.
The aim of the study was to
use the approach to assess
the economic feasibility of
introducing dual-purpose
(human food and animal feed)
sweetpotato varieties as a first
step in assessing prospective
pathways out of poverty for
smallholder farmers.
The longer-term goal is to
determine the potential for
adoption of this technology
over larger regions with
conditions similar to the study
area. The area chosen was
Vihiga district in western Kenya,
which lies between 1300 and
1500 m asl and covers an area
of 563 km2 of which 419 km2
is arable land. Vihiga district
is similar to other areas of
Harvesting
sweetpotato in
western Kenya
PHOTO BY L. CLAESSENS
Selling sweetpotato
provides women with an
independent income
PHOTO BY L. CLAESSENS
the east African highlands

found in Uganda, Ethiopia
and Madagascar in terms of
soils, climate, technology and
production potential.
Although sweetpotato
is currently not one of the
major crops in Vihiga district,
it is an important crop
grown typically by women
for roots, which are mainly
used as food, and to a limited
extent for leaves and vines
which are a supplementary
source of fodder for livestock.
Sweetpotato is an excellent
crop for many smallholder
farmers because it produces
high yields yet requires few
inputs, such as fertilizer. It
can also be used as a food
for humans and as a feed for
animals. This dual-purpose
nature makes sweetpotato
especially attractive in areas
where land availability is
declining.
The results show that
with the lowest average total
yield from the CIP-developed
varieties, 22.7 t/ha per season,

farms representing 55 percent
of the total land area would
economically benefit from
adopting the system with
dual-purpose sweetpotato.
The number of adopting farms
increases with the average
total yield. At 40 t/ha, the
adoption rate increases to
about 82 percent. There is a
higher adoption when there
is relatively more tuber yield
because tubers have a higher
value than fodder. Even if
average total yields from dualpurpose sweetpotato were very
low (5 t/ha), a majority of farms
would benefit from adoption
due to the value of both tubers
and fodder produced.
The main reasons why
adoption of dual-purpose
sweetpotato is economically
viable for a relatively large
percentage of farms are the
higher yields, net returns
and crude protein content of
the fodder which increases
milk production and income.
Average crop yield of dualpurpose sweetpotato is 8 t/ha
compared with 1.5 and
4.3 t/ha for maizebeans and
the mixed crops, respectively.
The average fodder yield for
dual-purpose sweetpotato
amounts to 14.6 t/ha compared
to 3.4 for maizebeans and
9.3 t/ha for the mixed crops.
Average net returns for dualpurpose sweetpotato are about
four times more than maize
beans and double the return
from mixed crops. Actual yields
would be lower in the farmers
fields than the experimental
plots, but even if the average
total yield was reduced from
the experimental mean value
of 22.7 to 10 t/ha, 65 percent of
farmers would still benefit from
adopting the system.
The study showed how
including dual-purpose
sweetpotato into the
agricultural system could
improve the livelihoods of
smallholder farmers operating
in the mixed croplivestock
systems in east Africa. It can
also provide timely advice
to policymakers and for
exploration of technology
options, said Claessens, In
this case, the analysis clearly
indicates the best lines of
research to take.
The findings argue for
the selection and breeding
of sweetpotato varieties that
are high yielding in general or
have increased fodder without
compromising tuber yield.
Improved agronomic practices
to increase total yields would
have very positive effects.
In addition, because factors
other than yield will influence
actual adoption, researchers
and rural extension agents
should involve farmers from the
early stages of the screening
and dissemination process.
Participatory work in the
study area indicated that even
when farmers are aware of the
potential benefits of alternative
technology options, they have
different attitudes to risk and
are constrained by market
failure and the heavy burden of
providing for many people who
depend solely on small farms.
The minimum-data
approach offers a flexible
framework for evaluating
innovations and new
technologies using scarce data
of resource-poor countries
in Sub-Saharan Africa and
other parts of the world,
said Claessens. In this case,
the results indicate that a
substantial number of farmers
in the study area could benefit
economically from adopting
dual-purpose sweetpotato.
Food Security
Chips
in Uzbekistan
Three CIP advanced

potato clones have
shown outstanding
performance in tests
in Uzbekistan. A new
geopolitical situation
in the Central Asia and
the Caucasus region
has led Uzbekistan
to embark upon
developing a selfreliant agriculture
for food security and
improved livelihoods.
A multitude of
newly independent,
often poorly trained
farmers has emerged,
said Carlo Carli,
CIPs Regional Seed
Production Specialist.
Potato is the only
food and cash crop
with comparative
advantages in
the highlands and among the

most profitable diversification
crops in lowland systems.
But rural poverty is high and
farmers need urgent assistance
to become acquainted with
new technologies.
Potato area has increased
rapidly in the last decades
(from 20 000 ha in 1970 to
more than 50 000 ha in 2007).
But area expanded mainly to
meet demand because of low
yield (around 16 t/ha) due
in part to limited technical
knowledge of farmers,
inappropriate European
varieties and poor quality seed.
Due to the absence of a sound
potato seed industry in the
country that would guarantee
a continuous supply of healthy
seed sold at affordable prices,
farmers have been obliged
to utilize imported seed,
said Carli. In addition to the
problems of stress such as
drought, heat and soil salinity,
farmers are faced with the
high cost of imported seed,
sold at more than US$2000/t.
It is essential for the country
to reduce its dependence on
seed imports and the first way
to do that is to find varieties
that can be grown under local
conditions.
As part of this ongoing
effort, 32 CIP advanced potato
clones from the Lowland Tropic
Virus Resistant Population
(LTVR) were tested under
mid-elevation conditions
in Pskem (1300 m asl) from
June to October 2008. Pskem
is situated in the Bostanliq
district in the northern part of
the country, at the borders with
Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
The site was allocated by the
Ministry of Agriculture to
the Institute of Vegetables,
Melons and Potato based in
Participatory
evaluation of tuber
characteristics before
organoleptic tests,
Pskem, Uzbekistan,
October 2008
PHOTO BY C. CARLI
Tashkent, with the specific

purpose of conducting potato
research. The location was
chosen for the possibility of
multiplying CIP clones under
isolation and milder climatic
conditions than those present
in Tashkent; the main purpose
of the tests being to check the
performance of CIP germplasm
materials under the long day
conditions of Central Asia.
The local farmers were curious
to see the results. They all need
seed at an affordable price and
we informed them that there
would soon be that possibility,
said Carli. The performance
was highly satisfactory.
As well as the short term
availability of inexpensive
quality seed, there is a long
term impact for farmers
with the increased benefits
they can get from becoming
specialized seed growers.
At present potato is used
mainly for the fresh market,
but the development of local
seed production represents a

substantial initial step towards
developing a domestic potato
processing industry.
The market potential for
different processed products
(chips, frozen French fries,
extruders, potato flakes, etc.)
is not yet fully known but
imported products are already
in urban supermarkets. What
is certain is that the fast food
industry is developing rapidly
in the region and processed
potato products are becoming
a basic menu item in urban
areas.
After the harvest, farmers
were invited to participate in
tests to assess the organoleptic
performance of each clone
(a taste test), conducted by
Dr. Firuz Yuldashev, a CIP
research assistant. Potatoes
were cut into shape and fried
in oil. A group of seven testers,
including the local farmers
and one researcher, was then
asked to assess a series of
characteristics, among them
cooking performance, tuber
shape, taste, smell and color of
the fries and rate each variety.
Quanishboy Zaydullaev,
a farmer from Tepar village
in Bostanliq district said
that previously he had only
considered potato as a food
for everyday consumption.
The French fries and chips
from the clones had excellent
taste, nice smell and intense
color. I appreciated them for
their special crispness and
crunchiness. Clone 397077.16
especially had very good
characteristics once fried,
boiled or baked. It was a nice
experience for me. I never took
cooking qualities into account
before, but now I realize the
importance of distinguishing
varieties for their particular
taste characteristics and will

look at potato differently, not
only considering yield, diseases
and pests.
Results concluded that CIP
clones 388611.22 (47.0 t/ha),
397077.16 (58.0 t/ha), which
was also selected in tests in
Kazakhstan and Tajikistan,
and 397073.16 (52.0 t/ha)
were the most appreciated in
terms of cooking performance,
yield and tuber marketability,
producing more than 90
percent commercially sized
tubers.
The candidate varieties
are now set to be delivered
to the State Commission for
Variety Testing where results
will be verified and procedures
carried out to check that they
are adapted to local conditions
and that their yield is stable.
Testing will be implemented to
cover locations representing
the different agro-ecological
conditions of the country.
This story represents a
great advance in reducing
the timeframe for variety
identification in a crossregional or global breeding
program via the efficient links
established between providers
like CIP and users like the
national agricultural research
systems and farmers, said
Meredith Bonierbale, CIPs
senior potato breeder.
Food Security
Food
utilization
Food utilization
Sweetpotato as a health
benefit
Potatoes for health
Food Sweetpotato
Security
as a health
benefit
Each year the

Consultative Group
on International
Agricultural Research
(CGIAR) organizes a
series of awards to
recognize the top
innovations and
achievements among
the Centers. The 2008
CGIAR Award for
Outstanding Scientific
Article was received
by CIPs Dr. Jan Low,
for ground-breaking
research she led*
during a 2-year project
that used orangefleshed sweetpotato
to boost nutrition in
Mozambique children.
Vitamin A deficiency
affects an estimated
71 percent of
Mozambiques children under

the age of five. The orangefleshed sweetpotato contains
high quantities of vitamin
A. Introducing these betacarotene-rich sweetpotatoes
into the diet of young children
increased vitamin A intake
and reduced the frequency
of low retinol in their blood,
an indicator of vitamin A
deficiency. The work showed
conclusively that food-based
approaches can be used to
curb nutritional deficiencies.
The work took place in rural
Mozambique and is the first
food-based communitylevel study in Africa that has
followed the same intervention
and control households and
children throughout the initial
adoption period.
As such, the results of this
research give clear support to
CIPs proposed Sweetpotato
for Health and Profit Initiative,
which seeks to reposition
sweetpotatoes in African
food economies, particularly
in expanding urban markets,
to reduce child malnutrition
and improve smallholder
incomes. About 50 million
African children under 6
years of age are currently at
risk from diseases associated
with vitamin A deficiency.
Over the next 10 years the
Initiative is expected to
generate significant health
and economic benefits within
African food systems. Estimates
suggest that the work will
mean additional production
of $241 million a year in 17
African countries distributed
across about 11 million
*Low, J., Arimond, M., Osman, N., Cunguara,
B., Zano, F. and Tschirley, D. (2007) A foodbased approach introducing orange-fleshed
sweetpotatoes increased vitamin A intake and
serum retinol concentrations in young children
in Rural Mozambique. Journal of Nutrition (USA).
137(5): 1320-1327.
LEFT: Most children prefer

the sweeter taste of OFSP
RIGHT: Farmers sort
sweetpotato roots for
marketing, Tanzania
PHOTO BY S. TUMWEGAMIRE
beneficiaries. The vast majority

would be non-commercially
oriented producers, of which
over three quarters would be
women.
Sweetpotato production
is expanding faster than any
other major food crop in
southern Africa. Sweetpotato
generates large amounts of
food per unit area over time
during relatively short rainy
periods, tolerates occasional
dry spells and produces
yields even on less fertile
soils. Eleven countries in
Sub-Saharan Africa are now
members of CIPs highly
successful Vitamin A for Africa
platform that is promoting the
breeding, consumption and
sale of the locally adapted,
conventionally bred betacarotene-rich orange varieties
and gradually replacing the
traditional white-fleshed
varieties. The varieties already
cover at least 15 percent
of the total planted area in
Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda.

OFSP varieties have
proved to be very popular
with consumers and a number
of new products have been
developed using the bright
orange flesh. CIPs work in
Mozambique with sweetpotato
has already developed the
market for and supplied over
1 million people with orangefleshed sweetpotato varieties.
Kenya and other Sub-Saharan
Africa countries have already
been reaping the benefits of
the crop for many years, thanks
to the efforts of the Vitamin
A for Africa initiative. Adding
100 g of orange-fleshed
sweetpotato to the daily diet
provides enough vitamin A
for children and dramatically
reduces the maternal mortality
rate. Pioneered and led by
CIP, the initiative is promoting
the increased production and
use of the orange varieties to
combat vitamin A deficiency in
Sub-Saharan Africa.
Food Security
Potatoes
for health
Agricultural research
in developing
countries is
increasingly focusing
on the relationship
between food and
nutrition. In marginal
conditions, where
life is hard and food
is scarce, the local
people may have
enough to eat but
they are often short of
nutrients like vitamins,
calcium, iron and zinc.
One way to approach
this problem is to
breed new varieties
of staple crops that
contain higher levels
of these essential
micronutrients so that
people absorb them
from their daily diet.
The potato is food
for more than 1 billion
people worldwide. From the point Measuring carotenoid

of view of nutrition, the potato is an concentration in yellowimportant source of carbohydrates
fleshed native potatoes
and quality protein, and a good
source of vitamins, such as vitamin PHOTO BY CIP ARCHIVES
C and the B complex, and minerals,
such as calcium, iron and magnesium.
Potato is also a source of antioxidants,
such as ascorbic acid, carotenoids
and phenolic compounds.
Additionally, the contribution of
potato to the nutrient intake can
be higher than any other crop,
depending on the amount of potato
consumed. According to recent
surveys, households in the Andean
highlands eat on average 421 g/adult
equivalent per day, while women
and children in the Department
of Huancavelica (with some of
Perus highest rates of poverty and
malnutrition) consume on average
800 g and 200 g, respectively, of
potatoes per day).
Coinciding with the International
Year of the Potato, Elseviers Journal
of Food Composition and Analysis
published a special issue on potatoes
in 2008, featuring a number of articles
by CIP staff on the nutritional

composition of potato.*
CIP researchers looked at the
chemical composition of yellowfleshed native potatoes. This
color comes from compounds
called carotenoids. Carotenoids
are well credited with important
health-promoting functions such
as increasing the formation of
vitamin A, enhancing the immune
system and reducing cancer
and cardiovascular disease. The
chemical analyses were performed
in potatoes of the Solanum phureja
group that grow from western
Venezuela to central Bolivia and
are important breeding stock
because of their excellent culinary
properties and crossability with
other cultivated as well as wild
potatoes.
There was a lot of variation
for the carotenoid concentration,
but the group with the
highest concentrations of total
carotenoids had levels over
10 times higher than a yellow
Solanum tuberosum variety that
might be sold in any supermarket.
One sample showed the highest
concentration ever reported in a
potato, including those achieved
through genetic modification.
During the work, the
researchers developed an accurate
way to estimate carotenoid
concentrations in a bigger number
of samples using near-infrared
reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS).
The method is faster and cheaper
than the chromatography method
that was used for a reduced
number of samples. It works by
bouncing light off ground-up
samples of the material under test.
The reflected light gives extremely
accurate information about the

chemical composition of the
samples.
The NIRS method will allow
scientists to screen a large
germplasm collection and identify
potatoes varieties with specific
chemical properties. It can be
applied to document descriptive
and potentially beneficial
characteristics of potato genebank
materials, assess the food value
of present farmers varieties, and
select parents in a breeding
program oriented to nutritional
enhancement of potato.
The value of the potato as
an important source of vitamin
C is often underestimated or
ignored. Vitamin C is an essential
component of most living tissues
that can reduce the risk of heart
disease, stroke and cancer. As an
antioxidant, it is an important
scavenger of free radicals that can
damage tissue and may contribute
to degenerative diseases such
as heart disease or cancer. The
current recommended daily
allowance of vitamin C in healthy
individuals is 100120 mg/day
for adults. In another paper, the
CIP scientists looked at the levels
of ascorbic acid or vitamin C in
a diverse set of native Andean
potato cultivars grown in three
different environments and found
significant levels with a variety
reaching above 30 mg of vitamin C
per 100 g on a fresh weight basis.
The effect of cooking and
storage time on the vitamin
C concentration in subsets of
samples was also evaluated.
Boiled tubers had higher levels
of ascorbic acid than baked
or microwaved tubers; the
concentration decreased as storage

time increased. The degree of
retention after cooking and storage
under farmer conditions was very
different among varieties.
One hundred grams of boiled
potatoes of the variety with the
highest concentration of ascorbic
acid would provide adults with 17
20% of the daily allowance, but the
real contribution could be higher,
because highland people eat on
average over 400 g of potato a day.
This information will be very useful
to recommend those varieties and
preparation methods with the
highest retention of ascorbic acid, as
well as to assess genetic diversity for
use in breeding programs seeking
to improve the nutritional value of
potato.
Chuo, or traditionally freezedried potato, is a critical component
of the diet of the rural population
of the Peruvian highlands. Andean
populations use freeze-drying as
a reliable way to preserve tubers
for long periods and to provide
food during periods of scarcity.
Chuo can be stored for several
years and is essential for rural food
security in risk-prone high altitude
communities.
Little was known of the effect
of the preparation process on the
levels of micronutrients in chuo.
A study found that potatoes
processed as chuo have less
protein and zinc than unprocessed
tubers, four to seven times the
calcium, probably from the mineralrich water that is used in the
process, while iron concentration
was unchanged. This information
can now be used by health
authorities working on the nutrition
of Andean people.
* Burgos, G.; Auqui, S.; Amoros, W.; Salas, E. and Bonierbale, M. 2008. Ascorbic acid concentration of native Andean potato varieties as affected by environment,
cooking and storage. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 29 August 2008. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2008.05.013
Burgos, G.; Salas, E.; Amoros, W.; Auqui, M.; Munoa, L.; Kimura, M. and Bonierbale, M. 2008. Total and individual carotenoid profiles in the Phureja group of
cultivated potatoes: I. Concentrations and relationships as determined by Spectrophotometry and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Journal of
Food Composition and Analysis. In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 26 September 2008. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2008.08.008
Bonierbale, M.; Gruneberg, W.; Amoros, W.; Burgos, G.; Salas, E.; Porras, E. and zum Felde, T. 2008. Total and individual carotenoid profiles in the Phureja group of
cultivated potatoes: II. Development and application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibrations for germplasm characterization. Journal of
Food Composition and Analysis. In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 5 October 2008. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2008.08.009
Burgos, G.; de Haan, S.; Salas, E. and Bonierbale, M. 2008. Protein, iron, zinc and calcium concentrations of potatoes following traditional processing as chuno.
Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 25 September 2008. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2008.09.001
Food Vulnerability
Security
Vulnerability
Vulnerability
Corporate social
responsibility and
native potatoes
Looking at the Andes

through the eyes of a
condor
Balancing the benefits

of organic and inorganic
fertilization
Making lives better for

Ethiopias farmers
Food Security
Corporate
social
responsibility
and native
potatoes
In the Andes
as elsewhere,
agricultural
development is
taking place in the
context of rapid
urbanization and
increasing market
integration. As
packaged food sales
and supermarket
retail outlets
rapidly expand,
urban consumers
increasingly look
for original, natural,
and healthy foods
produced in a
sustainable way. For
small-scale farmers
in developing countries,
these trends represent an
opportunity to improve their
living standards through access
to high-value marketsbut
they also challenge farming
communities traditional
production and marketing
systems.
Turning potato biodiversity
into a drive for sustainable
rural development implies
two challenges: strengthening
smallholders participation
and competitiveness in these
high-value market chains
despite their high transaction
costs; and guaranteeing their
access to a fair share of benefits
despite their low negotiation
capacity. Faced with this
challenge, CIP, through its Papa
Andina partnership program,
over the past few years has
been spearheading efforts to
facilitate the development of
a native potato market chain
that combines business with
corporate social responsibility
(CSR).
CSR is a form of business
management seeking to
combine business and
responsible behavior. For a
company, CSR implies taking
into account the interests of
its stakeholders, including
clients and providers, to
achieve mutual sustainable
development. The expected
result is advantageous
for all players, resulting
in a sustainable business
relationship.
By applying CSR to the
native potato market chain,
leading companies have
created opportunities for
farmers to improve their
income and thus livelihood by
accessing new markets and
selling their crop under fair and
transparent conditions. The
The corporate social

responsibility approach
is allowing farmers to
increase their income and
empowerment in Peru
PHOTO BY JL. GONTERRE IN
COLLABORATION WITH CIP
responsible behavior of the

company lies in the preferential
terms of trade it offers to its
providers and its investment
in a long-term relationship
with them, as well as in the
quality product it offers to its
clients. The business element
lies both in the access to new
market segments, where
socially and environmentally
conscious consumers are
ready to pay a higher price,
and in an increased loyalty and
reliability of its providers in
the framework of a long-term
relationship.
To assist the integration
of CSR into a market chain,
innovation is required.
The identification and
development of sustainable
pro-poor commercial
and production practices,
certification and social
marketing schemes represent
new research fields. And in
the innovation process, for
both farmers and companies,
a research for development
institution like CIP represents
a knowledgeable ally and
warrantor of credibility.
Papa Andinas efforts to
integrate CSR elements into
the native potato market chain
involved months of research
and evaluations of past case
studies promoting the use
of native potatoes as well
as extensive dialogue with
national and international
agribusiness companies in
Peru, including snack giant
PepsiCo. The team identified
factors that are key in carrying
out a successfuland
sustainableCSR strategy for
a company in the case of the
native potato market chain.
In the first place, it appears
essential to establish a
transparent and empowering
business relationship. This

involves negotiating a fair price,
covering farmers production
costs and leaving them with a
margin, and considering other
aspects like short payment
delays, which are crucial for
low-capitalized actors like
small-scale farmers. It further
involves setting clear quality
criteria and responsibilities,
preferably in a contract signed
at the beginning of the crop
cycle. Finally, improving
its providers production
capacities, through training, can
prove a relevant investment
for the company. In the second
place, it is key to communicate
about the companys CSR
investment in order to make
the premium price of the final
product understandable and
acceptable to consumers,
which can be achieved by
social marketing.
In an effort to make visible
its contribution to Perus
economy, PepsiCo, launched
naturally colored native potato

chips in the Peruvian domestic
market in 2008. Lays Andinas,
as the product is branded,
is a high-quality product,
generating concrete benefits
for small-scale farmers and to
consumers, promoted through
a social marketing scheme
highlighting aspects of culture,
biodiversity, poverty reduction
and health.
PepsiCos initiative
was accompanied by the
contribution of several of Papa
Andinas partners, including
CIP-INCOPA, the NGO FOVIDA
and the stakeholders platform
CAPAC Peru. Papa Andina
and its local partners helped
identify and strengthen the
production, marketing and
innovation capacities of native
potato farmer associations
interested in participating in
PepsiCos initiative.
At the same time, Papa
Andina facilitated a joint
innovation process for
establishing pro-poor
commercial and production
practices, a corresponding
certification scheme and a
social marketing initiative.
As a result, a public-private
alliance led by CAPAC-Peru
launched the so-called Andean
Potatoes Initiative (www.
papasandinas.org) in 2008
to promote native potato
trade with CSR. It includes
leading food companies, NGOs
and the gastronomy sector,
and conducts a broad-scale
communication strategy
about the culinary and
nutritional as well as social
and cultural value of native
potatoes, and the importance
of their responsible trade and
consumption.
Preliminary data gathered
from cases of native potato
trade with CSR is encouraging,
particularly in terms of results
at the farmer level. Prices
received by farmers for their
crop have been between
30 percent and 100 percent
higher than local market
prices. The involvement
of agrifood multinational
companies has also
significantly increased the
perspective of native potato
production, which in the sole
case of PepsicCo benefited
over 300 Andean farming
families in 2008, either
through their involvement
as direct suppliers or from
the economic activity
generated through wages
as hired workers. On the
shelves, products such as Lays
Andinas have been in very
strong demand, and farmer
organizations are expected to
double their supply volumes
and increase the number of
suitable varieties in 2009. In
parallel, the agroindustry is
seeking to expand its supply

chain to other Andean regions
in Peru.
An indirect effect of
this new market is the
increased motivation of
farmer organizations to raise
productivity while maintaining
sustainable farming practices
to deliver a high quality
product. This demand-oriented
challenge is being addressed
by CIP.
The success of these
initiatives has demonstrated
that there is clearly a market
for native potato products, and
that consumers are sensitive
to the link between their
consumption and the impact
on small-scale high Andean
farmers livelihoods. Meanwhile,
research and development
groups like CIP and NGOs have
been able to better target their
research based on the needs
of small-scale farmers while
forging alliances with powerful
and resourceful private
actors towards development
objectives.
Though there are still many
efforts to be consolidated,
promoters of this native
potato CSR business strategy
believe that the on-going
innovationslike the
certification schemewill
serve to secure further benefits
of the native potato trade
for small-scale farmers in the
context of an increasingly
competitive market, and
to highlight the need for
a sustainable and quality
production of native potatoes
in Andean communities.
The commercial success of native

potato chips is an opportunity
for small-scale farmers
PHOTO BY PAPA ANDINA
Food Security
Looking
at the Andes
through the
eyes of a
condor
It is as if we were
in the eyes of the
condor looking at
the entire Andean
region, observing how
people manage its
resources, said Ren
Gmez, specialist in
native potatoes and
curator of CIPs potato
genebank, to explain
the project that will
organize a network
of microcenters of
agrobiodiversity to
conserve the genetic
resources of the
potato where they are
growing, or in situ.
The network has been

christened the Route of the
Condor and will include
practically the entire Andean
area, from Mrida in Venezuela
up to Jujuy in Argentina.
Over 500 years ago, the Incas
capitalized on work done
by earlier Pre-Columbian
civilizations and constructed a
network of roads that crisscrossed their entire empire.
These roads made rapid
communication possible
and allowed food and other
goods to flow throughout the
mountainous region. The Incas
rely heavily on the potato as a
staple food. It was cultivated
in the highlands and widely
distributed. Consequently, the
Inca farmers spread hundreds
of different types of ancient
potato varieties everywhere
they grew the crop.
The primary road from
north to south, down the spine
of the Andes, is known in the
local Quecha language as
the Qhapaq an. Nowadays,
CIP scientists, with a group
of collaborators, are studying
the biodiversity of the potato
using the road as a guide to
locating sites that hold rich
concentrations of original
genetic resources.
It is surprising to find
how many genetic resources
have been conserved in
these sites and what a great
flow of biodiversity there has
been, not only of potato but
of other Andean crops, said
Gmez, while showing a map
of how the primary centers of
agrobiodiversity overlay the
principal road, and the second
and third level centers of
agrobiodiversity coincide with
transverse or minor roads.
The organizers of the
project are the Division
of Conservation and
Characterization of Genetic
Resources of CIP, the
Association for Nature and
the Sustainable Development
(ANDES), and the Association
of Communities of the
Potato Park, located in Cusco,
Peru. Other South American
countries, such as Colombia,
Ecuador and Bolivia, where
high concentrations of
diversity and variability of
potato are found, are also
being approached through the
Community of Andean Nations.
All these groups are
contributing in different
ways, from the genetic
characterization of the samples,
up to political support; the
Minister of the Environment of
Peru, Dr. Antonio Brack-Egg, is
an enthusiast of the project. CIP
contributes its experience in
the in situ and ex situ (i.e. stored
in a genebank), conservation
of potato, which includes, in
the case of in situ conservation,
the genebank that it maintains
in San Jos de Aymar,
Huancavelica, experience with
repatriating healthy potatoes
to rural communities, village
seedbanks and its work with
the Potato Park in Pisac, Cusco,
a community initiative of
farmers for the conservation
and sustainable use of the
agrobiodiversity and the
associated knowledge.
With this project we are
demonstrating that in situ
and ex situ conservation are
complementary, said Dr.
David Tay, the Leader of CIPs
Division of Conservation and
Characterization of Genetic
Resources. What is generated
in situ serves ex situ and vice
versa, and in this way we
achieve a process of dynamic
conservation.
Ancient terraces
used by the Incas for
cultivation at high
altitudes
PHOTO BY P. STAPLETON
The basic units of the

project are microcenters of
agrobiodiversity, areas of in situ
conservation of the genetic
resources of potato, where
the people involved not only
conserve them but are also
searching for a sustainable use
that gives them a clear benefit.
In selecting a microcenter,
the quantity of native potato
cultivars that the families
handle is taken into account,
as well as the associated
knowledge and the traditional
technology they use managing
them.
Pointing to the map of
South America again, Gmez
showed how the area to the
north of Lake Titicaca abounds
in red areas, indicating high
diversity. It is a large area, which
extends from southeast Peru,
through the central Andes
and on northwards. In north
Ecuador and south Bolivia,
are some orange zones that
indicate average diversity. The
red and oranges zones mark

possible in situ conservation
areas, but there are so many
that other criteria are being
used to narrow them down.
To qualify as a primary
microcenter, at least 10 percent
of the rural families must
each cultivate over 40 potato
varieties on their land, explains
Gmez. At the secondary level,
20 cultivars will be required,
corresponding to Carchi and
Chimborazo in Ecuador, Oruro,
Potos and Cochabamba in
Bolivia, and Jujuy in Argentina.
Tertiary areas, with a minimum
crop of 10 cultivars include
Grass in Colombia and Mrida
in Venezuela.
One of the principal
microcenters of
agrobiodiversity, based
on these criteria, is in the
provinces of Paucartambo,
and Calca, in Cusco, where
the Potato Park is located.
More than 600 varieties are
cultivated among the six
communities that make up

the Park. In fact, the Park is
such a rich center of diversity,
it is possible to find a single
family cultivating up to 150
different types of potato. The
Park is functioning as a pilot
center for the project, while
the community of San Jos
de Aymara is an example of
a village genebank within a
microcenter.
A final and important
requirement is that the
families involved in conserving
the varieties must possess
indigenous knowledge
associated with the crop.
Almost all of the women and
adult and elderly men of
the community traditionally
possess this collective
knowledge. The scientists
are finding that much of the
knowledge built up from
observation and experience
and transmitted verbally from
generation to generation
is actually validated in the
laboratory.
What benefit will these
agrobiodiversity centers
contribute? In addition to
conserving threatened genetic
resources and ensuring the
intellectual property rights of
the traditional knowledge,
said Tay, It will be possible
to return to the farmers
and communities of every
area, in every country, virusfree potatoes from the CIP
collection that will guarantee
the farmers increased
productivity. Together, the
scientists and the farmers
can search for benefits in
the sustainable use of this
invaluable biodiversity, and
develop new concepts to be
able to compete adequately in
the market
So thanks to the Route of
the Condor, 500 years after the

Incas last walked the Qhapaq
an, it continues to fulfill one
of the objectives for which it
was constructed: as a means
of transportation to guarantee
the food security of the people.
Map of the
Route of the Condor
Merida Venezuela
Carchi Ecuador
Chimborazo Ecuador
Nario Colombia
Cajamarca Peru
Huanuco Peru
Parque de la Papa
Huancavelica Peru
Oruro Bolivia
Inca Trails
Collection sites of
native potatoes
Potosi Bolivia
ALTITUDE
<500m
500 - 1000m
1000 - 2000m
2000 - 3000m
3000 - 4000m
>4000m
Jujuy Argentina
Food Security
Balancing
the benefits
of organic
and inorganic
fertilization
Andean farmers are

experts in growing
potatoes in fields
located up to 4200
meters above sea
level, where soils
are often poor and
climatic conditions
harsh. They have been
doing it for centuries.
Despite the regions
low potential for crop
production, farmers
manage to produce
enough potatoes to
eat, and sometimes
to sell, with few
inputs aside from
their own knowledge,
experience and labor.
Considering their challenging

environment, it comes as no surprise
that these small-scale potato
farmers seek to produce a crop with
acceptable yields even in poor growth
conditions.Their over-riding concerns
are stable yields and a stable income,
said Andreas Oswald, CIPs Integrated
Crop Management expert.They do
not give priority to obtaining the
highest yields possible.The danger is
that farmers run the risk of losing their
entire crop, which, in many cases, is
their only source of food and income.
With this in mind, CIP and Perus
Instituto Nacional de Innovacin
Agraria (INIA) have been working
closely with resource-poor potato
farmers in Perus Central High
Andes over the past few years
to capitalize on their knowledge
and develop with them better soil
and crop management practices.
Specifically, the farmers, CIP and INIA
are conducting an on-going study
that aims to highlight the best ways
to increase the efficiency of fertilizer
use in low- and high-input systems,
thus increasing yield per unit of
fertilizer used, reducing expenses
High Andes farmers

marking out their
fields for fertilizer
experiments
PHOTO BY A.OSWALD
and decreasing environmental

damage.
In general terms, organic
fertilizers are based on organic
compounds from either plants
or animals (i.e. manure, compost)
while inorganic fertilizers are
based on chemical compounds
or minerals that are commercially
available. However, their price
is directly related to the price of
energy and crude oil, as could be
seen during recent times, when oil,
and fertilizer, prices, reached record
levels.
Low-input systems involve
farmers living in remote areas who
produce potatoes mainly for their
subsistence and often do not have
the resources to buy inorganic
fertilizers.These farmers generally
use compost and manure and
sometimes some small amounts of
inorganic fertilizer to maintain the
vigor of their crop. A well-managed
crop is also less prone to pest and
disease attack.
Farmers in high-input systems
live close to market centers with
road connections to cities, and
therefore produce mainly for
the market, but also for their
subsistence.These farmers use
higher amounts of both organic
and inorganic fertilizers, as well as
commercial pesticides.
In this participatory
investigation, the underlying
goal is to let the farmers guide
the work. Researchers approach
farmers, who must be interested
in the research and be prepared
to provide their land and labor.
Material and other inputs are
provided by the researchers.That
is the bargain.The farmers then
evaluate the crops at flowering
time and at harvest, using their
own criteria. Uniform plant
emergence, good, healthy-looking
plants are more important to them
than best possible yield. During the
flowering period they are looking
for plants that are flowering really
well, with lots of leaves, but they

are also looking for certain types
of growth habit that are harder
to explain.We try and take their
criteria and use them for our
evaluation, said Oswald.This
is the basis of the participatory
research understanding how
the farmers see things and
capturing that knowledge.The
farmers benefit by acquiring new
technologies and knowledge so
in theory this should be a mutual
win-win situation.
The work will have effects
in both low- and high-input
systems. Increasing productivity
in low-input systems gives
farmers crop security and a better
harvest. Improving the efficiency
of fertilizer use in high-input
systems means that the farmers
use less inorganic fertilizer, for the
same productivity and less risk of
causing environmental damage.
Study results revealed that
the best outcomes were obtained
with mixed fertilization, increasing
efficiency in both systems. If
growth conditions were marginal,
organic fertilization could be as
effective as inorganic fertilization,
whereas under more favorable
growth conditions, inorganic
fertilization was better than
organic fertilization.However, the
highest yields always came with a
mixture of organic and inorganic
fertilization, never with inorganic
fertilizers alone, said Oswald.
The beneficial effects of the
two inputs are not only based on
the nutrients they contain but
also on other attributes of the
organic manure, which improve
growth conditions and fertilizer
use efficiency, underlining the
importance of organic matter
for sustainable and efficient crop
production, especially in lowpotential growth conditions.
Manure is essential for the
potato crop to be able to use the
nutrient supply from inorganic
fertilizer effectively. Only a mix of

readily available nutrients for plant
growth and a source of carbon and
other elements stimulating soil life,
accomplish the dual task of feeding
the crop and the soil simultaneously.
Hence, these different types of
fertilizers fulfill different functions
in maintaining plant growth and
sustaining soil fertility under most
small-scale farming conditions.
This work and other similar
trials are showing that there is
a plateau effect in these types
of agroecologies so that yields
will not increase above a certain
level, no matter how much
fertilizer is applied. Despite these
agroecological limitations, the study
confirmed that native potatoes
show a clear response to fertilization,
both organic and inorganic.This is
good news for native potato farmers
in Peru, where more than 3800
different native potatoes are grown,
most of which possess unique
culinary and nutritional properties.
CIP scientists recently initiated
a new investigation that aims to
reveal how and if farmers can
produce effective organic fertilizers,
considering their limited resources,
what inputs are needed to produce
these fertilizers, and their effects on
crop productivity. Andreas Oswald
is particularly interested in a mixture
that the farmers make up, called
biol in Spanish, using manure,
compost, beer, yeast, milk and other
ingredients mixed with water and
fermented for several months.They
spray this direct on to the leaves to
encourage growth and vigor.
The over-arching goal of these
and similar efforts is to enlist the
farmers participation in obtaining
useful information to improve the
productivity of crops cultivated by
small-scale farmers in developing
countries, and therefore improve
their income and livelihood.The
work could be a global public good
that could be extended to other
developing countries, said Oswald.
Food Security
Making
lives better
for Ethiopias
farmers
Ethiopian farmers
continue to build on
their successes with
CIP-developed potato
varieties. Economic
benefits from the CIP
varieties released
through the Holetta
Agricultural Research
Center since 1998,
along with ongoing
training in improved
potato production
technologies, have
transformed the
quality of life of
farmers and their
families in the West
Shewa zone in Jeldu,
improving living
standards, expanding
resources and income
and diversifying business

opportunities.
The Jeldu highlands in central
Ethiopia is the main source of seed
potatoes of improved varieties
in the country. Government
organizations, non-governmental
organizations, community based
organizations and private potato
growers buy seed from these seed
producers. Some come from as
far away as 800 km. More than
200 farmers were involved in
seed production in the 2008 main
season in West Shewa and more
than 270 hectares were covered
with the improved varieties,
compared to less than 100
hectares in 2007. The Ministry of
Agriculture reported production
of about 8527 tonnes, with an
average yield of 29.7 t/ha.
This success is a result of
the concrete efforts of the
different stakeholders, which
include the Ethiopian Institute of
Agricultural Research (EIAR), CIP
and PRAPACE, the Regional Potato
and Sweetpotato Improvement
Network in Eastern and Central
Guta Gudissa in
his diffused light
store in Jeldu,
Ethiopia
PHOTO BY B. LEMAGA
Africa, and the team members

of the Ethiopian potato program.
The story below looks in detail
at one farmers extraordinary
success story, as a way of
understanding the impact that
growing CIP potato varieties can
have on livelihoods.
Guta Gudissa lives and
works in the West Shewa Zone
of the Jeldu highlands in central
Ethiopia. In 2001 his situation
was very poor. Without money
to complete his education and
no land to cultivate crops or
raise animals, he was producing
a local potato variety that was
susceptible to disease, especially
late blight, on rented land for
very little profit.
After observing the
performance of improved
potato varieties that other
farmers in his district were using,
he decided to grow them too.
He started with 8 kg of one CIP
variety (Tolcha) provided by the
Holetta Agricultural Research
Center of the Ethiopian Institute
of Agricultural Research or
simply EIAR. Their training and
workshops enabled him to
produce clean potato seed for
sale and he now grows CIPorigin released varieties both for
seed and to sell.
Potato production is far
more profitable than producing
other crops, said Guta. In 2008,
he cultivated three potato
varieties for seed, Jalene, Gudene
and Guassa, on 3.6 ha of land
which he rented at 4000 Etb per
hectare (US$1 = 11/12 Ethiopian
birr - Ethb). He harvested 86
tonnes of tubers and sold 52.6
tonnes for seed potato at 450
Etb per 100 kg.When I calculate
the amount of money he got
from potato seed alone, it is
about US$35 000 just in one
season. This is extraordinary,
said CIP researcher, Berga
Lemarga.He is going to buy a
truck to transport his produce

and do some business with it.
Guta kept 10 tonnes of
the clean seed for planting
next season. The health status
of his crop was monitored
by regular follow up from
the researchers from Holetta
Agricultural Research Center
and also through the evaluation
of potato seed-producing
cooperatives in the area. He
mainly sells his seed potatoes to
NGOs, the Ministry of Agriculture
and Rural Development and
to individual farmers in the
surrounding area, who are
willing to buy good seed
potatoes with their own money.
Seed potatoes are much more
expensive than ware potatoes,
said Guta.In 2008, 100 kg of
ware potatoes cost between
180 and 210 Etb, but seed
potatoes cost between 400 to
450 Etb. So he is concentrating
on producing more disease-free,
good quality seed potatoes
to generate greater profits to
further diversify his business
activities. He needs further
technical support and training
especially in market and in
business diversification. He also
needs more disease-tolerant
and very high-yielding potato
varieties than he is using today.
Guta is the most
progressive of all the farmers in
the area, said Berga Lemarga,
who has been supporting the
farmers to get the CIP-derived
varieties, knowledge and other
technologies and training.He is
making quick, reliable progress.
He is progressive because
he has some education, he is
young, dares to take risks and
listens to advice.
His success speaks for itself.
He has improved his and his
familys living standard. He has
built a modern house with
round the clock electricity
service, good facilities, a color

television and furniture. He is
paying for his two brothers to
follow bachelors degrees in
banking and accounting in Addis
Ababa and Bahirdar universities.
With his earnings he can support
all his extended family.
But Guta is also looking to the
future, to build on the firm basis
that his potato profits are bringing
in, and diversify his businesses. He
has established three electrically
operated grain mills, bought four
more hectares of farm land and
constructed improved seed and
ware potato storage buildings. The
milk from his cows is earning him
1200 Etb per month.
Moreover, he is participating
in different research activities in
the areas of bee keeping, water
harvesting, fattening, temperate
fruits production, wheat and
barley production. He has now
changed his production system
towards diversified business.The
experience of Guta and his group
is becoming the road map for
other farmers in the country to
diversify the sources of income
for the family, said Gebremedhin
Giorgis, the EIAR scientist closely
involved in the project. As a result
Guta received the Madelia award
from the Ethiopian government
for his economic achievements,
mainly through potato production.
The positive outcome has been
significant not only for Guta and
his family but for his community
too. Guta is a member of seed
producer cooperatives and was
instrumental in getting 24-h
electricity operating in his village.
Now he is also giving training to
neighboring farmers on improved
potato production and handling
techniques. He explained why he
thinks potato production is better
than other crops.Production per
hectare is high. The researchers
that have brought us these new
technologies have been lifesavers.
Food Security
CIPs
impact
CIP impact
CIP Publications - 2008
CIP Outputs - 2008
CIP Outcomes - 2008
Food Security
CIP
Publications
2008
INDICATOR 1:
Composite measure
of Center research
publications
1A:
Number of externally
peer-reviewed
publications per
scientist in 2008
that are published
in journals listed in
1B:
Number of externally peerreviewed publications per
scientist in 2008 (excluding
articles published in journals
listed in the Thomson
Scientific/ ISI (20%)
- number of externally peerreviewed publications per
scientist in externally
published journals and
books: 0.45 papers per
scientist
- number of externally peerreviewed publications per
scientist in Centerproduced book/research
report series or journals:
0.00 papers per scientist
- Total number of externally
peer-reviewed publications
per scientist: 0.45 papers
per scientist
List of publications:
Indicator 1B Peer-reviewed not in
Thomson Scientific 2008.doc
Thomson Scientific/
ISI (50%) 0.97 papers
per scientist.
Indicator 1A
Number of
INDICATOR 2: Percentage
of scientific papers that are
published with developing
country partners in refereed
journals, conference and
workshop proceedings in
2008 43.00 % of scientific
papers.
peer-reviewed
publications per
scientist in Thomson
List of publications:
Indicator 1C Dev Country co-authors.doc
Scientific 2008.doc*
* Documents available on request from

CIP-CPAD@cgiar.org
CIP Outputs 2008

Monitoring of achievement of MTP output targets in - 2008
PROJECT 01.
IMPACT ENHANCEMENT
Output 01.01
Pro-poor R&D Cycle Validated (2010).
Target 01.01.01
Other kinds of knowledge
Fully Achieved
Global trends in potato and options for poverty impacts analyzed and documented.
Comments/Explanations:
Target 01.01.02
Fully Achieved
Method for geographical targeting to increase probability of poverty impacts through mandate crops
validated.
Target 01.01.03
Fully Achieved
Sweet potato growers preferences for OFSP planting material and willingness to pay for OFSP vines in
Mozambique & Uganda determined.
Target 01.01.04
Policy strategies
Fully Achieved
Opportunity cost of growing OFSP among small farmers in Mozambique determined.
Output 01.02
Strategies for linking farmers with markets and post-harvest innovations tested and
documented (2011).
Target 01.02.01
Practices
Fully Achieved
Approach for developing social responsibility in potato market chain in the Andes validated (with
Papa Andina).
Target 01.02.02
Fully Achieved
Strategy for using Participatory Market Chain Approach to enhance small farmers livelihoods in the
Andes available to NARS (with Papa Andina).
Output 01.03
Pro-poor policies and strategies for institutional learning and change identified and
documented (2012).
Target 01.03.01
Materials
Fully Achieved
Training method for sharing knowledge between the Andes and Africa analyzed and documented
(Papa Andina).
Target 01.03.02
Materials
Fully Achieved
Learning materials for science education on OFSP in Uganda developed.
Target 01.03.03
Fully Achieved
Ex-ante study of potential role of institutional changes and participatory research in agricultural
innovation system in China.
PROJECT 02.
GENETIC RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND CHARACTERIZATION
Output 02.01
New wild and cultivated genetic resources of several crops (potato, sweetpotato and nine other
root and tuber crops) are collected with their associated information, securely conserved and
made available by 2010.
Target 02.01.01
Materials
< 50% Achieved
Ten wild potato species populations collected in Southern Peru, 10 wild or cultivated maca, 20 yacon
and mashua accessions acquired.
We are still waiting for permission of Peruvian governmental agency INRENA. The expedient number
02419-8 (INRENA). www.inrena.gob.pe
Target 02.01.02
Please select...
Cancelled
Duplicate set of 100 sweetpotato landraces from the Philippines transferred to CIP genebank for back
up storage for the UPWARD network.
Post entry quarantine problems.
Target 02.01.03
Materials
Fully Achieved
Eighty potato and 50 sweetpotato accessions cryopreserved in CIP genebank, 100 oca, ulluco and
mashua accessions conserved under low temperature and slow growth storage.
Target 02.01.04
Materials
Fully Achieved
Three hundred wild potato and 200 sweetpotato accessions from the in vitro and botanical seeds
respectively from CIP genebank regenerated.
Target 02.01.05
Materials
Fully Achieved
Virus-free stocks of 300 potato, 200 sweetpotato and 50 other roots and tubers accessions produced.
Target 02.01.06
Materials
Fully Achieved
Virus-free stocks distributed worldwide, including distribution to farmer communities in Peruvian
Highlands, Potato Park and East and SE Asia countries.
Target 02.01.07
Materials
>50% Achieved
An illustrated atlas of wild potato Solanum Section Petota published.
In process of editing and printing. Funds are needed for this purpose.
Target 02.01.08
Practices
Fully Achieved
Practices and guidelines to improve technological, institutional and policy support to ex situ and in
situ on-farm sweetpotato conservation in the Philippines are identified and field-validated.
Target 02.01.09
Materials
>75% Achieved
Central germplasm database updated and made available to external users (access via latest SINGER
information exchange protocols and search and reporting facilities according to the SMTA).
There is information missing and we are working on it in order to update the corporate database.
Target 02.01.10
Please select...
Fully Achieved
Geo-referenced information, evaluation and molecular data are linked to CIP central germplasm
database updated and made available to external users.
Target 02.01.11
Materials
>75% Achieved
Identification of sweetpotato duplicate accessions using morphological descriptors and molecular
markers completed.
Some plants have not produced roots and flowers.
Target 02.01.12
Fully Achieved
500 common names and geographic positions of native potato are verified and central germplasm
database updated and made available to external users.
Target 02.01.13
Materials
Fully Achieved
Duplicate accessions (100 potato and 80 sweetpotato landraces) converted into seeds for long-term
conservation.
Target 02.01.14
Fully Achieved
Geo-referenced information on potato, sweetpotato and ARTC collections placed on line.
Target 02.01.15
Materials
>75% Achieved
Safety backup of in trust potato, sweetpotato and ARTC landrace collections renewed and procedures
refined.
Some accessions require additionally health status testing for international distribution. This is going
on and a safety back up is being stablished in Huancayo Tissue Culture Laboratory.
Target 02.01.16
Capacity strengthening
Fully Achieved
Upgraded version of bar-code system developed at CIP available and in place in CGIAR partner
genebank institutions.
One institution, CIMMYT, did not want to participate further in bar-code implementation and did not
send a participant. Some others, ICRISAT, WARDA, ILRI, ICARDA, IITA, are still in process.
Target 02.01.17
Practices
>50% Achieved
Best practices for germplasm documentation management (including statistical quality control of
processes and reproducibility of analytical protocols) published.
Best practices on statistical process management to be done; a student started working on this.
Working documents are published on-line so far (see link); two formal publications are pending.
Target 02.01.18
Materials
>50% Achieved
300 oca, ulluco and mashua specimens documented in the herbarium collection.
Delivery of output delayed because funds were shifted to other activities.
Output 02.02
The genetic diversity of potato, sweetpotato and nine other root and tuber crops is
characterized and documented by 2010.
Target 02.02.01
< 50% Achieved
Over one hundred fifty potato landraces from Altiplano communities are characterized
morphologically.
It has not been able to advance because the INIA-Punos administration was in the process of making
decisions to implement the project.
Target 02.02.02
Fully Achieved
Molecular fingerprints with at least 24 microsatellite markers of 500 potato landraces from CIP
genebank made available through internet.
Target 02.02.03
Fully Achieved
The identity of 500 cultivated potato accessions verified using morphological descriptors; and one set
of 50 accessions analyzed using molecular markers.
Target 02.02.04
Materials
Fully Achieved
Assessment of the genetic diversity and relatedness between S. bukasovii populations and primitive
potato cultivars documented.
Target 02.02.05
Fully Achieved
Molecular characterization database integrated to the central germplasm database.
Target 02.02.06
Fully Achieved
Homologation of yacon and arracacha collections of 7 genebanks from Peru and Bolivia is assessed
using molecular markers and documented.
Target 02.02.07
Materials
Fully Achieved
Ploidy level of 200 wild and 500 cultivated potato accessions determined.
Target 02.02.08
Materials
>50% Achieved
Homologation of 300 oca accessions from INIA-Peru and CIP genebank is assessed and documented.
Target 02.02.09
Materials
>50% Achieved
The identity of 80 oca and 30 ulluco accessions verified using standard descriptor lists; and one set of
30 accessions analyzed using molecular markers.
Target 02.02.10
Practices
>75% Achieved
DIVA-GIS upgraded through better integration with CIP corporate database and through inclusion of
new analytical and visualization tools to support analysis of new data.
Joint activity with Div 4 on using DIVA-GIS to support spatially explicit pest modeling: the tool was
finally developed into a separate product called ILCYM (100%, 1st version in December 2008). Joint
activity with Div 3 on using DIVA-GIS to visualize spatial patterns of haplotypes. Coordinated activities
with French collaborators from CIRAD under Generation Challenge Program. Expect to finish Feb. 2009
Target 02.02.11
< 50% Achieved
An interactive training manual of geostatistical methods for analysis of plant genetic resources
completed.
Unexpected departure of key staff member
Output 02.03
Selected genepools of root and tuber crops are evaluated for breeders traits of interest,
nutritional and health-related attributes by 2010.
Target 02.03.01
Materials
Fully Achieved
Resistance to virus diseases evaluated for 30 Solanum accessions from the Piurana group (for PVY) and
80 Ipomoea landrace accessions (for SPVD) and documented.
Target 02.03.02
Fully Achieved
Environmental effect on yield and primary (proteins, carbohydrates, fat, ash) metabolites and
glucosinolates content of 4 maca ecotypes documented.
Target 02.03.03
Fully Achieved
The use of yacon as food supplement (assessed for gastrointestinal motility in humans) is
documented.
Target 02.03.04
Fully Achieved
Assessment of pesticide impact on the reproductive ability of 15 accessions belonging to 8 wild
potato species documented.
Target 02.03.05
Materials
Fully Achieved
Inheritance of resistance to PRLV of 4 wild potato species from Solanum Section Petota determined
and documented.
Target 02.03.06
Materials
>50% Achieved
Protein content of 50 mashua accessions, and essential amino acids of promising cultivars determined.
Target 02.03.07
Fully Achieved
Relationships between spatial and environmental data of potato and its pests and diseases resistances
investigated and documented.
Target 02.03.08
Fully Achieved
Internet accessible germplasm database complemented with trait evaluation data.
PROJECT 03.
GERMPLASM ENHANCEMENT AND CROP IMPROVEMENT
Output 03.01
Effective strategies for the identification and dissemination of high-yielding, resistant and
nutritious potato and sweetpotato varieties available for each CIP region (3-5 years).
Target 03.01.01
Materials
Fully Achieved
New collaborative schemes for clonal testing and variety development are available and documented
in SWCA.
Target 03.01.02
Materials
Fully Achieved
5-10 elite late blight resistant clones available and established in validation trials for variety release in
ESEAP and SSA.
Target 03.01.03
Practices
Fully Achieved
Method for participatory trials for sweetpotato variety release available and initiated in SWCA.
Target 03.01.04
Materials
>75% Achieved
Strategy for promotion and diffusion of varieties completed for two additional countries in SSA.
It is a new approach for variety difusion linked to seed systems with pivaste sector and milestones are
doumented each year starting in late 2007.
Target 03.01.05
Materials
Fully Achieved
DNA fingerprint datasets available with elite clones distributed from CIP.
Target 03.01.06
Materials
Fully Achieved
Database of resistance, yield, post-harvest and nutritional attributes from Standard Evaluation Trials of
250 advanced clones developed in the last 15 years of CIP breeding.
Target 03.01.07
Practices
Fully Achieved
Variety uptake pathways documented in 2 LAC countries.
Target 03.01.08
Fully Achieved
End-user acceptability criteria for potato varieties in Mozambique and Malawi documented.
Target 03.01.09
Materials
Fully Achieved
An online database (catalogue) for publishing and communicating descriptions of CIP-derived elite
clones and varieties available.
Target 03.01.10
Materials
Fully Achieved
Adaptability of new TPS families evaluated in different environments in two SWA countries.
Output 03.02
Potato populations, progenitors, clones and true seed varieties with superior resistance,
nutritional and end-use quality characteristics are developed for SSA, LAC, ESEAP and SWCA.
Target 03.02.01
Practices
Fully Achieved
An in vitro screening method for early identification of families and clones that tuberize well under
warm conditions is available.
Target 03.02.02
Practices
Fully Achieved
A greenhouse screening method for early identification of families and clones that tuberize well
under long day and warm conditions is validated and available.
Target 03.02.03
Materials
Fully Achieved
Ten new elite clones combining LB and virus resistances are available for multilocation trials for variety
selection in 3 countries in SSA.
Target 03.02.04
Practices
Deferred
A multi-trait selection scheme is proposed for combining production, protection and utilization traits
in CIP advanced germplasm.
Deferred to 2010.
Target 03.02.05
Fully Achieved
Molecular markers closely linked to PLRV resistance in S. tuberosum subsp. andigena and able to be
converted for MAS are identified.
Target 03.02.06
Materials
Fully Achieved
Four TPS families with late blight resistance and high dry matter are identified for subtropical highland
agro-ecologies.
Target 03.02.07
Practices
>75% Achieved
Molecular markers available to assist and expedite selection of Ry for extreme resistance to PVY.
Need to put in practice the plex-assay for M6 markers (expected in the first quarter of 2009)
Target 03.02.08
Materials
>75% Achieved
Diploid progenitors of late blight resistance from Solanum piurana are characterized for use in
interploid crosses.
Agronomic characterization of resistant hybrids is pending completion for early 2009. Following
evaluation of fertility in 2007, resistance evaluations were completed in April 2008, and only then
could agronomic evaluations be conducted. In summary, the pace of the consecutive series of trials
was slower than anticipated. The major reason was inconsistent funding for pre-breeding
Target 03.02.09
Materials
Fully Achieved
Potato populations segregating for nutritional quality from native Andean potatoes documented
(with HarvestPlus).
Target 03.02.10
Fully Achieved
Mutant genetic stocks of potato are screened for at least one trait value.
Target 03.02.11
>50% Achieved
Features of selected potato mutants are characterized at the molecular level.
Internal planning errors led to slippage in achieving output target.
Target 03.02.12
Fully Achieved
Loci and alleles conferring LB resistance from wild species and improved germplasm are identified
and characterized by genetic mapping and expression analysis.
Target 03.02.13
Materials
Fully Achieved
Micronutrient concentrations of 30 potato varieties of world importance, samples of advanced
breeding populations, and popular Andean native varieties are documented (with HarvestPlus).
Target 03.02.14
Fully Achieved
Correlations among vitamin C, phenolics and Fe bioavailability in potato estimated by in vitro methods
(with HarvestPlus)/
Target 03.02.15
>50% Achieved
Bioavailability of Fe in potato and potato based diets is estimated using in vitro methods (with
HarvestPlus).
The study about the bioavailability of Fe in potatoes was done but the Fe bioavailability of potato
based diets could not be achieved due to financial problems.
Target 03.02.16
Materials
Fully Achieved
Adaptation of advanced clones with mid-high Fe and Zn contents to Central Asia environments
assessed (with HarvestPlus).
Target 03.02.17
Materials
Fully Achieved
Information on complementary nutritional traits of sets of potato clones available for Andean systems
and crop improvement (with HarvestPlus).
Output 03.03
Sweetpotato populations and clones with superior agronomic, nutritional and end-use quality
characteristics are developed for SSA, LAC, ESEAP and SWCA and breeding methods tools,
information and capacities are enhanced (3 5 years).
Target 03.03.01
Materials
< 50% Achieved
Adaptation of introduced (84 OFSP clones with > 150 ppm pro-vitamin A) and local Southern African
OFSP breeding clones is documented (with HarvestPlus, VITAA).
Data not yet available from partner.
Target 03.03.02
Materials
Fully Achieved
4000 clones (majority OFSP) screened at IIAM for drought tolerance.
Target 03.03.03
Please select...
Cancelled
Adaptation of introduced (84 OFSP clones with > 150 ppm pro-vitamin A) and local East African OFSP
breeding clones is documented (with HarvestPlus, and VITAA).
The target was not met for 2008 because results will depend on at least two years of field data and the
respective analysis which can be completed in 2009.
Target 03.03.04
Practices
>50% Achieved
Adaptation of introduced (84 OFSP clones with > 150 ppm pro-vitamin A) and local SWCA OFSP
breeding clones is documented (with HarvestPlus).
The establishment of SP clones received from Lima took more time than expected in the local
conditions in Bangladesh.
Target 03.03.05
Materials
>50% Achieved
Adaptation of introduced (84 OFSP clones with > 150 ppm pro-vitamin A) and local ESEAP OFSP
breeding clones is documented (with HarvestPlus).
Local institute cannot multiply enough materials for all the clones at the same time.
Target 03.03.06
Materials
>50% Achieved
OFSP varieties identified for pig and small animal feed systems in ESEAP countries.
OFSP in Indonesia is not fully achieved because it is postponed due to transition period (office move
to Lembang). The materials were received from CIP-HQ in Pathogen Tested (tissue culture) state in the
middle of 2007. It took time for acclimatization, multiplication process to produce enough cuttings for
evaluation at three sites such as Malang (ILETRI), Bogor (IPB), and Bandung. The experiment in Bogor
has been harvested and the report will be submitted Malang and Bandung are going to harvest last
week February.
Target 03.03.07
Materials
< 50% Achieved
Adaptation of introduced (84 OFSP clones with > 150 ppm pro-vitamin A) and local LAC OFSP
breeding clones is documented.
Germplasm shipment and partner receipt problems have led to delays. New internal management
systems of shipment should solve this problem and target will be achieved.
Target 03.03.08
Practices
Fully Achieved
25 elite demonstration clones including new OFSP elite clones available for all 115 sweetpotato
producing countries (with HarvestPlus, VITAA).
Target 03.03.09
Materials
Fully Achieved
VA-2 generation comprising 300 seed families with improved high beta-carotene, medium iron &
zinc and high dry matter available and tested for SSA and LAC (with HarvestPlus).
Target 03.03.10
Materials
Fully Achieved
200 promising drought-tolerant clones with medium to high dry matter, beta carotene, Fe and Zn
content identified in VA-1x breeding population for LAC and SSA (with HarvestPlus).
Target 03.03.11
Materials
Fully Achieved
VA-E1x generation comprising 8 x 1000 elite seed crossings with high drymatter, high beta-carotene,
medium iron and zinc populations developed and available for all CIP regions (with HarvestPlus).
Target 03.03.12
Materials
Fully Achieved
4 OFSP pre-breeding populations carrying a new source of resistance to SPVD are available (with GCP).
Target 03.03.13
Practices
>75% Achieved
Rapid NIRS screening network for HP crops (sweetpotato: -carotene, Fe and Zn, potato: Fe and Zn,
beans: iron and zinc; cassava: -carotene; maize: -carotene, -cryptoxanthin) established in LAC, and
selected SSA countries (with HarvestPlus).
Shipping delay caused by phytosanitary regulation changes delayed implementation.
Target 03.03.14
Practices
>75% Achieved
Rapid NIRS screening network for sweetpotato quality (storage roots and tops) protein, starch,
sugars, beta-carotene, Fe and Zn established in East Africa, Southern Africa and India (with HarvestPlus).
All data and information are available and are used in routine at CIP Lima-HQ. Thomas zum Felde
will travel to African countries beginning of 2009 and will install the available NIRS calibrations for
sweetpotato quality-protein, starch, sugars, beta-carotene, Fe, Zn- in order to use it in a NIRS quality
network.
Target 03.03.15
Practices
>50% Achieved
Rapid NIRS screening methods for water use efficiency (WUE) in sweetpotato tested.
Experiment carried out. Reference values for NIRS calibration developement not available yet.
Output 03.04
Transgenic potatoes and sweetpotatoes for resource-poor producers and consumers are
developed and tested using good practices (3-5 years).
Target 03.04.01
Practices
>75% Achieved
Heat shock parameters for excision of antibiotic selectable marker with the Cre-loxP system
determined for sweetpotato.
Only incomplete excisions obtained. Further research required to find out why.
Target 03.04.02
Materials
Fully Achieved
Plant transformation vector with freedom to operate in specific African countries is available.
Target 03.04.03
Fully Achieved
Evidence for the naturalization of cultivated potatoes in the Andean highlands is described.
Target 03.04.04
Materials
>50% Achieved
31 and 48 events of the varieties Revolucin and Parda Pastusa respectively are identified with known
copy number of the cry1Ab5 gene.
Budget differed to priority activity in other target.
Target 03.04.05
Please select...
Fully Achieved
Stability of RNA silencing mediated PLRV resistance under infection of alternative viruses is
determined.
Target 03.04.06
Materials
>50% Achieved
Reaction to LB of transgenic potato with the Rp-blb1 gene under in vitro or greenhouse conditions is
described.
We achieved the identification of RB Desiree plants and have propagated these in the greenhouse.
However, cuttings and lower temperature are still needed before a greenhouse infection with Pi
isolate can be done. We expect this to be achieved during the first semester of 2008.
Target 03.04.07
Cancelled
At least ten events of the second transformation of transgenic lines with construct CYP79/F2A/CYP83/
T2A (new construct) are obtained.
The gene construct CYP79/F2A/CYP83/T2A referred into this output target was not provided to us by
the partner due to unexpected technical problem.
Target 03.04.08
Fully Achieved
Molecular variability of SPFMV in Peru characterized and documented.
Target 03.04.09
Materials
Fully Achieved
Sweetpotato events transformed with new constructs for SPCSV resistance (with phloem specific
promoter) are available for testing.
Target 03.04.10
Materials
Fully Achieved
Proceedings of the regional workshop on Sweetpotato Biotechnology for Africa published.
Target 03.04.11
Fully Achieved
Natural siRNA defense targeting of sweetpotato to SPFMV and SPCSV determined.
Target 03.04.12
Materials
Fully Achieved
Novel gene constructs based on si RNA targeting profile developed.
PROJECT 04.
INTEGRATED CROP MANAGEMENT
Output 04.01
Strategies and technologies for improving formal and farmer-based seed systems towards
enhancing potato and sweetpotato production efficiency and competitiveness validated in at
least three priority countries per region in LAC, SSA and Asia by 2012.
Target 04.01.01
Practices
>75% Achieved
Procedures for installation and operation of simple aeroponic units suitable for rapid multiplication of
potato seed minitubers developed.
Draft only - needs checking by collaborators
Target 04.01.02
>75% Achieved
Seed systems for native potatoes characterized in Peru.
Data from national programs (INIAs) is missing despite the information being requested in advance.
We expect to complete the information in the first trimester of 2009.
Target 04.01.03
>75% Achieved
NARS capacities and role of disease detection techniques for potato and sweetpotato seed
production assessed in at least three countries per region.
In Georgia, work has not been easily carried out this year due to well-known reasons. Local advisors
could not travel throughout the country, especially at harvest that was conducted in a hurry. Therefore,
some data concerning negative selection have not been gathered.
Target 04.01.04
Policy strategies
>50% Achieved
Potato seed policies and certification legislation in relation to formal and informal seed systems
analyzed in at least two countries per region.
Some documents awaiting translation. Will be completed by February 2009.
Output 04.02
Strategies and methods for technical integration of soil, seed, disease and insect management
components for subsistence and semi-commercial potato and sweetpotato growers developed
in at least three priority countries per region in LAC, SSA and Asia by 2012.
Target 04.02.01
Practices
>75% Achieved
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) assessed for their ability and usefulness to increase
productivity and plant health of potato in Peru (with Papa Andina).
The plant health component of the output target could not be finalized, because the student involved
abandoned his work.
Target 04.02.02
Practices
>75% Achieved
Strategies for conservationist agriculture and soil fertility management developed to reduce effects
of erratic rainfall and other climatic risks in potato based systems in Peru (with Papa Andina), and
sweetpotato-based systems in Uganda and Kenya.
The activities in sweetpotato in Uganda and Kenya could not be implemented because of lack of
personnel and funds.
Output 04.03
Components for integrated disease management against potato and sweetpotato diseases
late blight (LB), bacterial wilt (BW) and viruses developed, tested and disseminated within ICM
strategies in at least three priority countries per region LAC, SSA and Asian priority countries by
2012.
Target 04.03.01
Materials
Fully Achieved
GIS-based Late Blight severity maps developed.
Target 04.03.02
Fully Achieved
Potential for gene flow among different populations of P. infestans in Andes determined.
Target 04.03.03
Fully Achieved
Cultivar-specific simulation of potato LB achieved and validated via experiments in Peru and Ecuador
with specific resistance parameters of 3 local cultivars.
Target 04.03.04
Practices
Fully Achieved
Efficacy of environmentally friendly LB management using phosphites and seed treatment in Ecuador.
Target 04.03.05
Practices
Fully Achieved
Strategies for integrated management of LB validated with NARS in Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Rwanda,
Burundi and DR Congo.
Target 04.03.06
Practices
Fully Achieved
Real time PCR for sweetpotato chlorotic stunt and feathery mottle virus diagnosis developed and
validated.
Target 04.03.07
Practices
Fully Achieved
One strategy to control SPVD in sweetpotatoes validated in Uganda and Tanzania.
Target 04.03.08
Practices
Fully Achieved
Quality accreditation manuals and standard operation procedures for testing quarantine viruses in
potato and sweetpotato germplasm suitable for ISO accreditation developed.
Output 04.04
Components and strategies for the integrated management of key potato and sweetpotato
insect pests developed as part of ICM in at least three priority countries per region LAC, SSA and
Asia priority countries by 2012.
Target 04.04.01
Practices
>75% Achieved
The potential of entomopathogens (nematode, PoGV) assessed for T. solanivora control in Ecuador.
This output target consists of three working papers compiled as draft publications. Field experiments
should be repeated to confirm results for entomopathogenic nematodes; best results for storage
control should be tested under farmers storage conditions.
Target 04.04.02
Practices
>75% Achieved
The efficacy of attracticides based on oil formulations of PTM sex pheromones, UV protectors and
contact insecticides for the control of the PTM complex (P. operculella, S. tangolias, T. solanivora)
evaluated in Ecuador and Peru.
For PTM and APTM the output target is achieved by 90%; some more field and storage trials should be
conducted before publishing these data. For Tecia solanivora the technolgy is more difficult to adapt
and develop. More research is needed here: achievement is about 30%.
Target 04.04.03
Practices
>75% Achieved
Biology and ecology of potential parasitoids for classical biocontrol of LMF assessed and specimens
introduced to Kenya.
Temperature studies for the species Halticoptera arduine are almost completed and documented.
Target 04.04.04
Practices
Fully Achieved
The ecological and economical impacts of physical barriers for APW control assessed in Peru, Bolivia
and Ecuador.
Target 04.04.05
Practices
>50% Achieved
Impact of insecticides on natural enemies of potato pests in the highlands and coastal regions of Peru
investigated and documented.
For the achievement of this output target two WPs are in preparation and to 60% completed. They will
be finished until end of February 2009.
Target 04.04.06
Practices
Fully Achieved
Potato pest problems and post harvest practices of potato farmers in Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh
understood and biological control options appropriate for resource-poor farmers identified; action
plan for research and IPM technology interventions developed.
Target 04.04.07
Materials
Fully Achieved
Distribution and importance of potato pests (esp. CPB) and natural enemies assessed and
documented in the main potato production areas of Uzbekistan.
Target 04.04.08
Practices
Fully Achieved
The leafminer fly-parasitoid complex and diversity on weeds in potato agroecosystems at the
Peruvian coast investigated and documented and used for developing LMF IPM strategies.
Output 04.05
Participatory strategies and methods for socioeconomic integration of potato and sweetpotato
ICM components developed and made available for improving potato and sweetpotato
innovation systems in at least three priority countries per region LAC, SSA and Asia by 2010.
Target 04.05.01
>75% Achieved
Guidelines to support decision-making by research and extension institutions regarding the use of
participatory methods for potato and sweetpotato ICM available (extracted from experiences in Peru,
Bolivia, Uganda, Ethiopia, Vietnam, Philippines, Indonesia, Lao PDR).
This guideline is a synthesis of the work conducted between 2004 and 2007 in the IFAD-funded
project related to participatory research methods. The work was accomplished, but the preparation
of the guideline has taken more time than expected. A preliminary version of the guideline has been
uploaded, but a more refined version is expected to be in the system in February 2008.
Target 04.05.02
< 50% Achieved
Manual on methodologies for participatory learning and research on LB adapted for farmer training in
Uganda, China, DPRK, Mongolia and Indonesia.
This part of the work was not accomplished because 2008 has been a transition period for Berga
Lemaga, who was supposed to work on ICM-related issues in 2008, but the plans changed when he
started to be in charge of the CFC project with no time to conduct this work.
Target 04.05.03
Fully Achieved
Manual for evaluating impact of IPM interventions validated in cases of technologies to control white
fly in Bolivia, Ecuador and El Salvador (collaboration with CIAT and System Wide Program on IPM).
Target 04.05.04
>75% Achieved
Cases of scaling-up of participatory research and training methods for potato ICM assessed and
documented in Peru.
An MSc. research thesis was conducted during 2008. The field work was concluded and the
elaboration of the dissertation has started. At the moment we are uploading a preliminary report of
the work done so far. The thesis is expected to be defended in March 2009.
Target 04.05.05
>75% Achieved
Simple model to support decision-making by research and extension institutions regarding choices of
potato ICM technologies validated in Peru.
This year, a synthesis of the work conducted in the three previous years was documented. However,
the lack of time and the fact that I did not have a full-time research assistant working on this topic in
2008 prevented us from accomplishing 100% of the output.
PROJECT 05.
NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Output 05.01
Geospatial methods and computer assisted tools for improved research targeting, crop
assessments and Environmental Vulnerability Analyses, preparedness and mitigation in the
Andes, SSA and SWCA developed (By 2011).
Target 05.01.01
Practices
>50% Achieved
Effectiveness of partial root drying (PRD) irrigation method for potato and sweetpotato in Peru
established.
Further analysis of completed experimental work will be carried out soon. We are planning to conduct
more field work in order to confirm previous results.
Target 05.01.02
Practices
>50% Achieved
Protocol for geospatial temperature interpolation based on RS data and biophysicalmathematical
tools developed.
The development of the protocol for geospatial temperature interpolation is under way. Some delays
are due to the necessary refinement of the mathematical procedures.
Target 05.01.03
Practices
>75% Achieved
Methods and tools for potato yield forecasting combining RS and modeling finalized and validated in
the Andes.
The potato growth model is parameterized and validated. However, we are still working on the
parameterization of the model with the RS data.
Output 05.02
Management recommendations and policy options to reduce environmental and economic
vulnerability in representative priority ecosystems in LAC, East Africa, India and Bangladesh
tested and documented (By 2010).
Target 05.02.01
Practices
Fully Achieved
Minimum Data-Tradeoff Analysis application in potato systems in the Andes and environmental
services in watersheds in Mesoamerica conducted (with Montana State and Wageningen universities).
Target 05.02.02
Policy strategies
>50% Achieved
MD-TOA application in rice-potato systems in India and Bangladesh conducted (with Montana State
and Wageningen universities).
Due to lack of funding, the work could not be executed in the mixed cropping systems of India and
Bangladesh. However some methodological developments were done in western Kenya, applying
MD-TOA to the mixed cropping system there.
PROJECT 06.
AGRICULTURE AN HUMAN HEALTH
Output 06.01
Target 06.01.01
Practices
< 50% Achieved
Relative effectiveness of different intervention components in reducing toxic pesticide health effects
in potato production systems documented for Ecuador communities
Incomplete as there were delays in analysis and writing.
Target 06.01.02
Fully Achieved
Stakeholders perceptions of agro-ecosystem function, factors affecting net productivity and
sustainability including hazardous pesticide use determined for intensive horticultural systems in
metropolitan areas of Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru
PROJECT 07.
ECOREGIONAL PROGRAM CONSORTIUM FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
ANDEAN ECOREGION (CONDESAN)
Output 07.01
Policies and local, national and regional recommendations for improved integrated water
resource management (IWRM) in Andean countries from Venezuela to Argentina scaled up and
out by 2010.
Target 07.01.01
Fully Achieved
Conceptual-analytical framework developed to systematize and carry out comparative analysis of
IWRM successful case studies (with CIP Project 1; Paramo and ANDES-CPWF).
Target 07.01.02
Practices
Fully Achieved
Scaling up and out mechanisms for better practices for IWRM designed (with CIP Project 1).
Target 07.01.03
Practices
>50% Achieved
Results of the implementation of methodologies for improved IWRM such as Watershed analysis for
territorial planning or Compensation for ecosystem hydrological services schemes documented for 4
basins (with CIP Project 5 and ANDES-CPWF).
The CPWF-ANDES synthesis report for 2008 is going to be ready at the end of January 2009
Target 07.01.04
Practices
Fully Achieved
Water-related causes of poverty documented for two basins in the Andes (with ANDES-CPWF).
Target 07.01.05
Fully Achieved
Water yield and water regulation in Paramo and upper mountain forest and its relation to land use
changes documented (with Paramo Initiative).
Target 07.01.06
Materials
< 50% Achieved
Distance education offer related to watershed management documented (with Andean Community).
This activity was originally planned with CAN but they decided not continue with this activity.
Target 07.01.07
Fully Achieved
Decision support tools and information disseminated through relevant users (with ANDES-CPWF).
Target 07.01.08
Fully Achieved
Comments about suitable biophysical models in the Andes as a decision support tool for IWRM (with
ANDES-CPWF and CIP project 5).
Output 07.02
Institutional innovations, forms of organization and mechanisms for cooperation, training and
dialogue are developed and promoted in the Andean agricultural systems to take advantage of
the ecoregions natural diversity by 2011.
Target 07.02.01
Fully Achieved
Structure and performance of current agricultural innovation in the Andean Ecoregion documented
with special emphasis on Peru and Colombia (with CIP Project 1 and RAMP initiative).
Target 07.02.02
Deferred
Policy environment related to innovation processes in agriculture and IWRM in the Andes
documented for 3 countries (with GMP and RAMP initiative).
This Output target was postponed to 2009 to be included as part of the CONDESAN Synthesis 2009.
Target 07.02.03
Practices
Deferred
Innovative learning mechanisms (instruments and processes) on innovation systems documented and
tested in 3 Andean Countries (with UNU-MERIT-LINK and RAMP initiative).
This output target was postponed to 2009 as part of CONDESAN synthesis on Innovation Systems.
Target 07.02.04
Fully Achieved
Role of women and youth in the innovation on agricultural systems analyzed in at least one country of
the Andean Ecoregion (with RAMP initiative).
PROJECT 08.
GLOBAL MOUNTAIN
Output 08.01
The principal research products of the CGIAR centers for mountains are available and accessible
to mountain communities in the from of a supermarket or market place of innovations and
opportunities. (5 years with individual CGIAR Centers and the Mountain Forum (MF) (finished
2017.
Target 08.01.01
Cancelled
An integrated research and development strategy for developing an Information and innovation
marketplace for rural mountain people is available.
No funding was available for this activity due to an expected donor decision to stop funding.
Target 08.01.02
Please select...
Please select...
A study on the strengths and weaknesses of mountain policies for Agriculture and Rural Development
is available.
Output 08.02
Livelihood, land use & natural resources flow and a policy analyses of Rural-Urban-Rural in
Ethiopian benchmark are available. (2008-2010) With CIFOR, IWMI, IFPRI, SWIUPA, AHI and
national partners).
Target 08.02.01
Please select...
Please select...
Target 08.02.02
Policy strategies
Fully Achieved
A study on the strengths and weaknesses of mountain policies for Agriculture and Rural Development
available.
PROJECT 09.
URBAN HARVEST
Output 09.01
Innovative technologies and practices developed for increasing productivity and marketing of
agricultural commodities produced in urban and peri-urban areas.
Target 09.01.01
>50% Achieved
ICM urban field schools and modules for animal nutrition and management validated in Kampala (in
partnership with CIAT).
Slow implementation by partners has delayed shedule for meeting output targets.
Target 09.01.02
>50% Achieved
Rural-urban agro-enterprise models tested and validated in Kampala and other Latin American cities
(in partnership with CIAT).
Due to involvement of partners in the project, some of whom are behind schedule by 6 months, there
has been delay in completing training for farmers to be followed by seed rants.
Target 09.01.03
Practices
Fully Achieved
Model for participatory testing of high value crop production established in Lima.
Target 09.01.04
Practices
Fully Achieved
Strategy of adding value to horticultural crops through organic production and marketing evaluated
in Lima.
Target 09.01.05
Practices
Fully Achieved
Approach and methods for the agricultural contribution to mitigating HIV/AIDS in urban areas
developed in Nakuru.
Output 09.02
Methods developed to enhance the safety and sustainability of urban and peri-urban
agriculture and the uptake of urban sources of nutrients for soils and feed (2011).
Target 09.02.01
Practices
Fully Achieved
Strategies for reduced environmental and public health risks affecting men and women in
communities involved in wastewater re-use in Nairobi developed.
Target 09.02.02
Practices
>75% Achieved
Comparative assessment of the benefits and risks of recycling urban organic residues for pig
production based on case studies in Hanoi, Lima and Kampala
MSc. thesis study in Lima still incomplete and preventing finalization of studies.
Target 09.02.03
Fully Achieved
Relations between urban flooding, waste generation and agriculture determined based on data from
Kampala (with IWMI)
Target 09.02.04
>75% Achieved
Urban ecosystem indicators developed with stakeholders for pesticide use in peri-urban horticulture
systems in Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia (with CIP-Project 6).
Need to prepare new proposal for second and third year of project reduced the capacity to synthesize
three country results of ecosystem indicator development.
Target 09.02.05
Practices
Fully Achieved
Nutrient recycling strategy for horticulture and livestock systems in Nakuru established (in partnership
with ILRI).
CIP Outcomes - 2008

Outcome 1
Farmer field schools improving productivity and increasing incomes in Peru

The outcome is the adoption of the farmer field school method by governmental and nongovernmental research and development oriented institutions in Peru. Methods research conducted
by CIP has resulted in at least 34 research and development oriented organizations in Peru (22 and
12 respectively) adopting participatory research methods, particularly the farmer field school (FFS)
approach for their interventions. This participatory research method was pioneered in Peru by CIP. The
method was adapted over a number of years while developing curricula for various potato production
practices and then when adopted by other institutions, other crops. User guides were developed,
validated and published. This work has been the result of partnership with institutions such as CAREPeru and FAO. This is an example of methods research which has generated public goods that can be
used by a wider range of users for different topics that go beyond potato cultivation, including other
crops such as cotton, coffee, fruit trees, and livestock.
The output for participatory methods for integrated crop management technologies development
output is listed in MTP 2004-2006, Project 4, Output 5, milestone in 2004: Cases of participatory
research methods dealing with ICM-related technologies identified in Peru, Bolivia, Uganda and
Ethiopia, and a monitoring system defined.
The achievement is documented in Tenorio, J. 2008. Adaptacin y uso de la metodologa de Escuela
de Campo de Agricultores (ECA) en instituciones de desarrollo e investigacin en el Per [ Adaptation
and use of the FFS methodology by research and development institutions in Peru ]. Preliminary
report in Spanish of an MSc. thesis. The field work was conducted in 2008 and the dissertation is
currently under preparation. Earlier evidence of the adoption/adaptation of the method provided by:
Warnaars M. and W. Pradel. 2007. A comparative study of the perceptions of urban and rural farmer
field school participants in Peru. Urban Harvest. Working Paper Series. Paper 4. International Potato
Center. Lima, Peru.
The output is used by a variety of governmental and non-governmental agencies in Peru, Ecuador
and Bolivia. In all three countries CIP was the first research organization to introduce the concept of
structured Farmer Field Schools as a participatory adult education method, a method that explicitly
elicits demands for technologies.
The magnitude of the outcome is estimated from the adoption study recently completed in Peru.
That study shows that the method has been used by at least 34 research and development oriented
organizations in Peru, which include 22 non-governmental and 12 governmental organizations.
Outputs related to integrated crop management can always be questioned for their relevance as a
global public good. However in this case the output is not ICM practice but rather the introduction
and validation of a research for development method for eliciting demand and efficiently adapting
it with participants. The FFS as a participatory method was originally adapted for potato-related
problems and showed that it could stimulate actions leading to impact. However, the method itself
and its adaptation to the Peruvian conditions generated a public good which has been adopted by
organizations working with farmers not necessarily for potato production but for other agricultural
problems. The training provided by CIP about participatory methods in general and FFS in particular
has influenced organizations to insert the FFS approach as part of their intervention strategies.
Additional organizations in Ecuador, Bolivia and Nepal have adopted the method.
Outcome 2
Restoring potato diversity in traditional farming communities of the Peruvian Andes

Outcome statement
The outcome is the empowering of local communities to manage and preserve their native
potato biodiversity. The results of the empowerment are increased resilience of in-situ biodiversity
conservation. This includes the strengthening of local organization, the stabilization of potato
biodiversity, the creation of local new flows of germplasm exchange. CIP has established a longrunning and productive relationship with the traditional farming communities of the Potato Park,
the Quechua-Aymara Association for Nature and Sustainable Development (ANDES in Spanish). With
ANDES, CIP collaborated to build a model for conserving native potatoes in their natural environment
implemented by local traditional conservation experts known as papa arariwas to promote a
sustainable on-farm conservation strategy that emphasizes farmers rights. Thus, communal gene
banks are being maintained to guarantee quality and tuber seed availability for the local custodians
(arariwas), who consciously or unconsciously dynamize the tuber seed flow between families of the
same community or with families of neighbor communities.
What was the output?
The output has two main parts, restoration of potato diversity and productivity. The output is
consistent with the Convention on Biological Diversity and International Treaty by ensuring fair
and equitable sharing of benefits arising from access to genetic resources. The first output involves
the repatriation of 410 cultivars of native potatoes pathogen free to six communities of the Potato
Park: Amaru, Chawaytiri, Cuyo Grande, Pampallaqta, Paru Paru, and Sacaca. This enhanced the potato
diversity in the villages by adding 237 new cultivars involving 15 new alleles to the local cultivars. The
second output derives from the first one as potato production was increased by 22 percent explained
by the utilization of pathogen free tuber seed for planting.
Which MTP?
The biodiversity restoration output is listed in MTP 2006-2008, Project 2, Output 3, No. 9.
Where was the achievement documented?
The achievement is documented in: (1) the 11th International Congress of Ethnobiology hosted by
ANDES and featuring the Potato Park, (2) the declaration of the community bio-conservationists and
various new stories of community led discussion and interventions on Peru bio-conservation issues,
(3) The farmers rights project, background study 8, farmers rights in Peru, farmers perspectives held
in Lima on September 2008 addressing issues like the basis of future policies for farmers rights in
Peru, the establishment of agro-biodiversity reserves, and support to community gene banks, (4)
Panorama issued in August/September 2007, and (5) iied press released on 31 October 2007. The last
two evidences emphasizing on farm conservation in the PotatoPark.
Who used the output?
Families of the six rural communities of the PotatoPark have been using restoration of potato diversity,
which is a way of benefit sharing. Thus, diversity restoration ensures food security, nutrition, health,
income, and contributes to meet the Millennium Development Goals.
Magnitude of the outcome?
The magnitude of the outcome is measured in the number of other communities with initiatives to
restore potato biodiversity and their direct links to the Potato Park. This initiative is being followed
by other Andean rural communities, which had lost potato diversity in the past due to many factors
including wrong governmental policies of promoting commercial production of modern varieties and
ignoring old-fashioned traditional cultivars and their growing methods. To date, CIP has restored
1250 cultivars of native potatoes (3608 samples) to 41 Andean communities and 6 institutions in Peru.
Evidence for the outcome?

Restoration of potato diversity and productivity in Andean rural communities has stimulated
institutions of the south American Andes to interact with CIP scientists by showing their willingness to
participate in on farm conservation strategies based on the Potato Park experience, and the Inca trail
namely the route of condor. Thus, CIPs potato curator was invited on November 2008 to Universidad
Nacional de Colombia to interact with its scientific staff about the indicated issue.
Outcome 3
Tikapapa, linking urban consumers and small-scale Andean producers with potato biodiversity
The outcome is the establishment of new agro-industrial market chains with socially responsible
governance related to the output post harvest innovations. Native potatoes (landraces) are
considered an inferior food in the Andes, the traditional fresh market is rudimentary, with mixed
varieties sold unwashed in bulk. CIPs Papa Andina partnership program, using the CIP designed tool
the Participatory Market Chain Approach (PMCA) with its Peruvian partner INCOPA, local research
and development institutions and private sector Peruvian market chain actors developed a social
marketing concept, where farmer groups provide cleaned, selected native potatoes for supermarkets
in attractive bags labeled Tikapapa. The approach has spread beyond the pilot exercise and has
reached Ecuador and Uganda. CIP is headquartered in the Andes and seeks to conserve and promote
the use of potato landraces to enhance livelihoods of the poor.
The post harvest innovations output is listed in MTP 2006-2008, Project 1, Output 3, Output
Target Two new market products developed for native potato varieties Traditionally native potato
varieties are perceived as inferior products consumed by the rural poor and little appreciated in urban
markets. The idea of promoting multi-colored potato chips made from native potatoes emerged
from CIPs research efforts to screen native potato varieties for their processing qualities. The novel
Tikapapa social marketing product was developed by CIP with national partners from Bolivia and
Peru using the PMCA, an approach for identifying and exploiting new business opportunities that
benefit the poor, by stimulating market-driven innovation. Pilots provided evidence of the commercial
interest for these colorful and versatile potatoes in demanding urban markets. Corporate social
responsibility and linking with a producers association is a key dimension of the market product to
ensure that benefits flow back to the poor.
The achievement is documented in : (1) Ordinola, M. T. Bernet and K. Manrique (2008) Tikapapa:
Linking urban consumers and small-scale Andean producers with potato biodiversity a CIP Working
paper, (2) also in Devaux, A. et al. Collective Action for Market Chain Innovation in the Andes. Food
Policy, 34:31-38. Published on line 17 Nov 2008, and (3) CIP (2008) Tikapapa, Linking urban consumers
and Andean producers with the biodiversity of potato Leaflet, International Potato Center, Lima, Peru.
2pp
The output is used by NGOs and private partners are using native potatoes with the improved
market concept. High altitude farmers are growing native potatoes for the new market and getting
higher prices. Uptake of similar postharvest innovations with native potatoes is occurring in Ecuador
and Colombia.
The magnitude of the outcome is reflected in the number of market chains and volume of product
in them. Tikapapa was the first brand of high-quality, fresh, native potatoes sold in Perus leading
supermarkets. Sales grew from 14 tonnes in 2004 to over 120 tonnes in 2007 in the pilot and more
than 400 families in 12 communities obtained 2050 percent above the market price for native
potatoes. The innovation process stimulated the development of other native potato based products
such as native potato chips. Small-scale Peruvian processors began marketing native potato chips
in 2005. In 2008, the sector-leading Pepsico and Gloria launched two new native potato products.
Through the partnership with Pepsico, around 100 farmers families signed contracts, selling more
than 100 tonnes of native potatoes in a framework of corporate social responsibility, with a price
increase of 100 % compared to local market. Total demand in 2009 is estimated to reach 2000
tonnes, including Gloria and five other small-scale processing firms that started to develop this
product. Prices are considerably higher than local market prices for potatoes. There is evidence that
as a consequence of the promotion of these novel native potato products that the demand curve
for native potato has shifted upwards leading to more widespread welfare gains for the rural poor
producers.
Market chain development is process-oriented. The outcome described here can be widely
extrapolated via the training documents and users manuals for PMCA and have been used in
Uganda and other Andean countries. In 2007, Papa Andina, INCOPA and its partners received a United
Nations award for Supporting Entrepreneurs for Environment and Development and the BBC World
Challenge Award recognizing the public and private alliances developed to link small Andean farmers
to dynamic markets.
Outcome 4
Towards a sustainable seed system for orange-fleshed sweetpotato in Mozambique

The outcome is policy change through the adoption of a strategy to pay for sweetpotato planting
vines by a large international development agency, dropping their strategy of free vine distribution.
Since independence in Mozambique the prevailing strategy for government and NGO assistance
has been to manage the multiplication and distribution of sweetpotato planting material for
free distribution. The lack of incentives for the involvement of private vine multipliers limits the
consolidation of a sustainable seed system for sweetpotatoes.
The output is a policy study establishing farmers willingness to pay for sweetpotato vines and is
listed in MTP 2008-2010, Project 1, Output 1, Output target Sweetpotato growers willingness to
paydetermined. In recent years there have been attempts to disseminate among Mozambican
small farmers orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP), but the beneficiary population has been relatively
small given the constraints for massively and sustainably disseminating OFSP planting material. The
Reaching End User (REU) project funded by Harvest Plus has been the most recent attempt to scale
out the dissemination of OFSP in Mozambique and has been aiming to consolidate a network of
local vine multipliers that would be able to supply seed to more than 10 000 targeted households in
Zambezia province.
CIP engaged in research activities in early 2007 that were aimed to inform World Vision International,
the institution in charge of running the extension program in the REU project, about the feasilibility of
producing OFSP vines at small farmers conditions and the potential demand for OFSP vines among
the final users of this planting material. These research outputs were completed in two separate but
linked studies. The first study demonstrated that small scale vine multiplication is profitable and
attractive to Mozambican farmers as they can produce OFSP vines at 0.02 US$ per kg using watering
cans and conventional multiplication techniques. The second study evaluated the potential demand
of OFSP planting material among small sweetpotato growers in central Mozambique by eliciting their
willingness to pay (WTP). The studies showed large demand and willingness to pay.
The achievement is documented in : a World Vision progress report documenting the adoption of
the policy for selling vines based on the willingness to pay study: World Vision Mozambique, Reaching
End Users with Orange Fleshed Sweetpotato (OFSP) Mozambique Implementation. Progress Report.
Reporting period. April 2008 to September 2008. 17 pp.
The magnitude of the outcome is the captured by the data that in spite of the limited cash resources
faced by small scale farmers in the Zambezia province, around 38 percent of the targeted beneficiaries
or about 5000 farmers were able to pay for the OFSP vines requested by the project and on average
paid 25 percent more for each kg of high quality vines than the prior subsidized price (0.06 US$
per kg). This happened because World Vision International adopted the policy advice of CIP and
introduced the purchase only option during its large OFSP vine distribution conducted in 2008 in
50% of their targeted population in the Zambezia province. The outcome of making this decision has
resulted in a large proportion of households paying for the planting material requested from the REU
project. The results will also be used to design sustainable vine markets in the REU project in Uganda
and eventually in other countries.
The results of the policy study can be widely extrapolated. World Vision works in many countries
and distributes planting material of many different crops. The other influence of CIPs output target
has affected World Visions 2009 plan of activities. In this year World Vision has explicitly incorporated
establishment of a network of decentralized OFSP vine multipliers that are directly selling OFSP vines
to the small farmers, and has included the variety preferences highlighted in the WTP study.
Outcome 5
A bar-code kit to improve genebank management

The outcome is the adoption by other CG centers of a bar-code kit developed by CIP. Since 2008 a
group of sister CG centers have adopted or adapted a bar-code kit to improve their daily genebank
operations as part of an activity in the genebank upgrading project Global Public Goods phase 2
financed by the World Bank.
The bar code kit output is listed in MTP 2007-2009, Project 2, Output 1, Output Target #7 in 2007
and #16 in 2008. Managing plant genebanks involves repeated identification of plant materials
(accessions) for tracking purposes and updating accession-level information in various processes like
pathogen testing, cleaning, multiplication, characterization or evaluation. This is both time-consuming
and prone to increased levels of errors if done using paper and pen practices with extensive human
input. Therefore, CIP sought to use bar-codes as a pivotal element in improved genebank process
and information management starting in 2000. Soon it became clear that the bar-code idea involved
the use of several complimentary hardware components. As a side benefit, this transition from
hand-registration also resulted in the consolidation of databases and documentation of processes to
identify points-of-barcode-applications with the highest potential cost/benefit. However, for ease of
technology transfer this is not an integral part of the barcode kit described here that is, users are free
to continue with their existing databases and software and add the bar-code kit or adapt both in case
no workflows and databases are documented.
CIP s genebank manages accessions in a complete array of processes including cleaning,
multiplication, evaluation and conservation in field, seeds, in-vitro, roots and tubers, cryo and DNA
banks. The kit supports all these areas with cutting edge technologies. The kit is defined as a series
of hardware specifications which provides each genebank with the flexibility of optimizing local
technical support and selection equipment and consumable providers. In addition, the kit contributes
to a standardization of germplasm labeling and information exchange on best practices of usage of
identification technologies like bar-code.
The achievement is documented in : (1) the current GPG2 project profile recommending all centers
adopt the kit (Activity on Barcode 2.2), (2) link to the on-line help desk, (3) the report of the workshop
conducted by CIP to teach the use and application of the kit, and (4) statements of adoption by
genebank managers in the other CG centers.
The output is used by genebanks at several CGIAR centers that participated in a training workshop
at CIP in 2008 financed under the GPG2 project. These included: Bioversity, IITA, ILRI, ICARDA, ICRAF,
ICRISAT, IRRI and WARDA. The kit consists primarily of six hardware components namely mobile
computers or handhelds, thermal printers, bar-code labels for different environments, hand barcode
reader, barcode specifications and wireless access points. It also includes a technical specification
document and web site complete with links to application videos and complementary information. To
encourage adoption CIP established an on-line helpdesk. Optional components include open source
software for data capture, inventory management, information integration and advice on designing
and documenting workflows incorporating the bar-code kit (as mentioned above).
The magnitude of the outcome is the current adoption and estimated further adoption of CG and
non-CG genebanks over the next years. The bar-code kit along with the processes and software
developed at CIP contributed considerably to the relatively quick ISO accreditation of CIPs genebank.
Thus, other genebanks interested in ISO certification or accreditation might be interested in adopting
CIPs bar-code kit and supporting workflows, software and databases as well. The concept of a kit also
foresees the eventual replacement of bar-code by other identification technologies like the recently
established RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) already heavily used in industry. However, current
cost-benefit analysis shows the unit costs are still in favor of bar-code under the circumstances of
a genebank. The emergence of a competing new technology will most probably result in further
declining costs for bar-code related tools.
From this viewpoint, the integration of the bar-code kit will be a worthwhile investment for the
next technology life cycle of 3-5 years as well as a facilitator to implement any new tracking or high
throughput identification technology.
Evidence for the outcome
(1) GPG1 project evaluation report by World Bank.
(2) GPG2 project document, Activity 2.2
(3) Activity web site: http://research.cip.cgiar.org/confluence/display/GIMS

Criterion 1. EpIA studies/Advancement of epIA methods (45%)
1.A. Please provide the full citation of all ex post IA studies published in 2008 that attempt to assess
major impacts attributed to your Centers work and provide summary information describing the scale
of adoption (# farmers, # of hectares) and the main impacts or effects resulting from the adoption in
economic or social or environmental terms. [20 points maximum if submitting one or more ex post IA
study per every $20 million of Center budget]
1. Full Citation: Graham Thiele, Guy Hareau, Vctor Surez, Enrique Chujoy, Merideth Bonierbale,
Luis Maldonado. 2008. Varietal change in potatoes in developing countries and the contribution
of the International Potato Center: 1972-2007. International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru.
Working Paper 2008-6. 44 p.
Clearly state the research related output being assessed and the role of the center in realizing that
output. Indicate the geographic scale/size of the assessment, the time period covered, and the method
used. Present main result/indicators of impact reported by the study, i.e., estimates of adoption or
uptake, estimates of income and other effects (on poverty, environment) both positive and negative
max of 100 words for each study:
Potato crop improvement programs in 23 developing countries were surveyed in 2007 to gather
information about varietal change and the extent of adoption of potato varieties in Asia, Africa and
Latin America. The survey found that CIP in partnership with NARS contributed about 13 percent of
the area, and CIP related potato varieties are planted on more than one million hectares worldwide.
The milestone was achieved earlier than predicted and increased the rate of return to CIP investment
in potato breeding to over 20 percent. The Net Present Value (NPV) of this investment is estimated at
$121 million dollars.
1.B. For each ex post IA study listed in 1.A above, please provide the relevant information under each
component by checking the appropriate item 1 [20 points maximum for ex post IA studies quality
score of 100]
1. Publication venue (select
one only)
[ ] Refereed journal
[ ] Book chapter
[ ] Conference paper (includes
proceedings)
[x] In-house publication
(reviewed externally)
[ ] In-house publication (not
reviewed externally)
2. (Co-) authorship (additive
up to max 5)
[ ] With other CG Center
scientists
[ ] With NARS scientists
[ ] With ARI scientists
[x] Center only scientists
3. EpIA coverage (primary
type of research assessed)
(select one only)
[x] Commodity improvement

[ ] NRM related
[ ] Policy related
[ ] Biodiversity related
[ ] Training/Capacity building
related
[ ] Other challenging area
(specify)
4. Distance down the impact
pathway covered by the
study (points based on the
highest-point indicator
marked)
[ ] Uptake/adoption (only for
policy-related research)
[x] Uptake/adoption plus direct
impacts at the adopter-level
(Stage 1): improved yield/
quality, higher incomes,
lower risk, improved health,
etc.
[ ] Uptake/adoption plus
intermediate impacts that
go beyond the direct
(conserve resources,
increased market access/
efficiency, developed
human capacity, increased
productivity)
ultimate societal impacts
on poverty, food security,
environment (Stage II)
5. Geographical breadth
or scale of documented
uptake/adoption on which
the impacts assessed by
the study are based (points
based on the highest-point
indicator marked)
[ ] Single location (region)
within a single country

[ ] Multi-locations (regions)
[ ] Multiple locations (regions)
within several countries
(~ 2-5)
[x] Global coverage across the
centers mandated political
region (e.g., the whole
region of West Africa, Latin
America, Asia , Sub-Saharan

Africa, All developing
countries, etc.)
6. Advances in new methods/
models & use of novel
indicators (additive, up to a
max.of 25 pts)
[x] Addresses non-economic
impact indicators
[ ] Addresses negative effects

[ ] Addresses differential effects
(different target groups)
[ ] Addresses multiplier effects
(other sectors)
[x] Employs novel methods
(combines quantitative &
qualitative, etc.)
[ ] Other methodological
advances (specify)
2. Full Citation: Campilan, Dindo and Lorna Sister. Exploring livelihood outcomes of
participatory farmer training: the case of sweetpotato feed utilization in Vietnam and the
Philippines. Paper presented at the Workshop Rethinking Impact: Understanding the
Complexity of Poverty and Change. Cali, Colombia, March 2008.
Clearly state the research related output being assessed and the role of the center in realizing that
output. Indicate the geographic scale/size of the assessment, the time period covered, and the method
used. Present main result/indicators of impact reported by the study, i.e., estimates of adoption or
uptake, estimates of income and other effects (on poverty, environment) both positive and negative
max of 100 words for each study:
Participatory farmer training approaches were used to promote sweetpotato as an improved feed
source for resource-poor pig raising systems in Vietnam and cattle raising systems in the Philippines.
Post-training assessment determined how farmers improved knowledge led to changes in farmers
practices and income. Adopting farmers increased net benefits with silage technology by almost US$
1 per day and increased farming system efficiency, reducing use of feed (-26%), fuel (-100%) and labor
(-92%). High initial investments and complexity deterred adoption of improved technologies and
thwarted impact, despite farmers increase in knowledge. Overall, technologies impact improved the
livelihood assets managed by households.
1.B. For each ex post IA study listed in 1.A above, please provide the relevant information under each
component by checking the appropriate item 1 [20 points maximum for ex post IA studies quality
score of 100]
1. Publication venue (select
one only)
[ ] Refereed journal
[ ] Book chapter
[x] Conference paper (includes
proceedings)
[ ] In-house publication
(reviewed externally)
[ ] In-house publication (not
reviewed externally)
2. (Co-) authorship (additive
up to max 5)
[ ] With other CG Center
scientists
[ ] With NARS scientists
[ ] With ARI scientists
[x] Center only scientists
3. EpIA coverage (primary

type of research assessed)
(select one only)
[ ] Commodity improvement
[ ] NRM related
[ ] Policy related
[ ] Biodiversity related
[x] Training/Capacity building
related
[ ] Other challenging area
(specify)
4. Distance down the impact
pathway covered by the
study (points based on the
highest-point indicator
marked)
[ ] Uptake/adoption (only for
policy-related research)
[x] Uptake/adoption plus direct

(Stage 1): improved yield/
quality, higher incomes,
lower risk, improved health,
etc.
intermediate impacts that
go beyond the direct
(conserve resources,
increased market access/
efficiency, developed
human capacity, increased
productivity)
ultimate societal impacts
on poverty, food security,
environment (Stage II)
5. Geographical breadth or
scale of documented uptake/
adoption on which the
impacts assessed by the study
are based (points based on
the highest-point indicator
marked)
[ ] Single location (region)
[ ] Multi-locations (regions)
[x] Multiple locations (regions)
within several countries (~ 2-5)
[ ] Global coverage across the

centers mandated political
region (e.g., the whole
region of West Africa, Latin
America, Asia , Sub - Saharan
Africa, All developing
countries, etc.)
6. Advances in new methods/
models & use of novel
indicators (additive, up to a
max.of 25 pts)
[x] Addresses non-economic
impact indicators
[ ] Addresses negative effects
[ ] Addresses differential
effects
(different target groups)
[ ] Addresses multiplier effects
(other sectors)
[x] Employs novel methods
(combines quantitative &
qualitative, etc.)
[ ] Other methodological
advances (specify)
1.C. Please provide an estimate of the number of full time equivalent staff devoted to epIA work in
your Center in 2008 [5% for IA investment relative to Center budget]: 2.30
Criterion 2: Building an IA culture at the Center and enhancing the capacity of IA (including
communication/dissemination) (20%)
A) IA conferences and workshops: List those held for both external and internal audiences, e.g.,
showing results of impact studies of a particular research theme; assessing the expected impacts
of planned and ongoing research of the Center. Describe theme and number of participants for
each. [5%]
B) Utilization of epIA results: Describe using specific examples how empirical epIA findings have
been applied as a basis for ex-ante impact projections that contribute to the Centers prioritysetting procedures, or have been used to validate earlier ex-ante work. (< than 100 words) [5%]
The study on potato varietal release that showed one million hectares planted under CIP-related
varieties and positive returns to CIPs breeding program has been influential in assigning more
resources to breeding as part of the targeting and priority setting which forms a part of a new
strategic plan being prepared in CIP. The study was presented to the Center Commissioned External
Review (CCER) of the Crop Improvement Program, which recommended that more attention be
paid to capturing the benefits from specific traits in the released varieties be registered and tracked,
in addition to the number and country. This recommendation is giving place to new procedures for
material release at CIP.
C) Baseline surveys/studies: Provide specific examples of establishment (or updating) of baseline
studies conducted in the reporting year to provide counterfactuals for future epIA (< than 100
words) [2.5%]
Under the Andean Change Project, 10 baseline studies were conducted at the village level in
Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru where different participatory methodologies in innovation
processes are being applied. The baseline studies involve more than 800 farmers (including 192
counterfactual farmers) in those countries and will provide the basis for epIA studies of the use of
participatory methodologies in the Andean Change project.
In 2008, first follow up survey of the Reaching End Users (REU) project impact study in Mozambique
for orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP), collecting part of the panel data for impact analysis in
2009. This updated the 2006 baseline and improved definition of levels of participation among
targeted beneficiaries (just received vines, just received agriculture and/or nutrition training,
received both OFSP vines and trainings and not receiving either vines or planned trainings). A total
of 430 participating households (in 24 randomly selected villages) and 217 households randomly
selected in 12 control villages with no exposure to OFSP dissemination were surveyed.

To measure the economic losses caused by virus and sweet potato weevil, in collaboration with
researchers in DRC Congo, Rwanda, Burundi & Uganda a total of 216 households were interviewed
in a total of 54 randomly selected clusters, belonging to three different pre-defined (stratified)
agroecological areas. The data will be used in a cross sectional impact study and serve as a baseline
for future impact evaluation.
HortiSana is a project to shift highland Andean horticultural systems including potatoes towards
more healthy and sustainable production, commercialization and consumption. In 2008, CIP
conducted structured interviews of approximately 600 households in Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia,
with both the person most in charge of the horticultural crop production and the person most
in charge of managing the household. In 2010, CIP will conduct a repeat survey, focusing on key
indicators of change.
D) EpIA briefs, popular media: List epIA briefs produced and other forms of communication of epIA
study results. [2.5%]
E) Training materials: List IA related training materials developed. [2.5%]
F) MS or PhD theses completed: List MSc and PhD dissertations completed (published) during 2008.
[2.5%]
Criterion 3. One epIA published study that effectively demonstrates the impact of the Center on
the poor or food insecure people and to the environment, rated for quality and rigor (35%)
Food Security
CIP
in 2008
Financial report 2008
Donors contributions
Countries in which
CIP is working
Global contact points
CIPs internal structure
CIP staff list
Centers supported by
the CGIAR
Financial
Financial
report 2008
Financial Reserves (US$ thousands)
6,600
6,400
6,200
6,000
5,800
5,600
5,400
5,200
5,000
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Revenues (US$ thousands)

20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
Restricted
Unrestricted
2005
2006
2007
2008
Expenditures (US$ thousands)

20,000
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
Restricted
Unrestricted
2005
2006
2007
2008
The International Potato Center

achieved a US$ 0.3M surplus in 2008.
CIPs reserves (measured as net working
capital plus long term investments
minus net fixed assets) reached
US$6.2M.
Total revenues reached US$28.2M,
9% above 2007. Total revenues include
US$7.9M of unrestricted contributions,
US$19.8M of restricted donations and
US$0.5M of other revenues, consisting
of interest earned on investments
and exchange rate gains (losses). As of
December 2008, US$2.6M of approved
grants were pending disbursement by
donors.
Unrestricted contributions increased
13%, from US$7.0M to US$7.9M. This is
explained by additional contributions
from CIDA, Germany, Belgium and the
World Bank. Restricted contributions
increased by 10% from US$18.0M to
US$19.8M due to an increasing success
in obtaining new research contracts.
During the year, 54 new restricted
proposals, for a total commitment of
US$22.6M, were approved by donors.
New commitments increased by 12%
with respect to 2007.The average
donation per proposal approved
increased from US$0.39M to US$0.42M.
Unrestricted expenditures grew 11%
from US$7.2M to US$8.0M. CIPs indirect
cost ratio, as defined by FG5, CGIAR Cost
Allocation Guidelines, reached 13.4%,
reflecting efficient growth, thanks to
austere management policies.
The liquidity indicator (measured
as net working capital plus long-term
investments divided by the daily
average expenditures excluding
depreciation) decreased from 104 days
in 2007 to 92 days in 2008, due to an
increase in advances from donors. The
financial stability indicator (measured
as the unrestricted net assets minus net
fixed assets, divided by the daily average
expenditures excluding depreciation)
decreased from 92 days in 2007 to 84
days in 2008. Both indicators are within
the acceptable ranges of the CGIAR. The
Center will continue exercising prudent
policies to improve its financial position,
while assuring sustainable growth.
The table over leaf summarizes
CIPs financial position as of December
2008. A copy of the complete audited
financial statements may be requested
from the office of the Director for
Finance and Administration at CIP
headquarters in Lima, Peru.
Statement of financial position

Year ending 31 December 2008
(compared with 2007 - US$000)
Indirect Cost Ratio

0.25
0.2
2008
2007
US$
US$
4,201
4,741
ASSETS
0.15
Current Assets
0.1
Cash and cash equivalent

Investments
0.05
13,179 11,917
Account Receivable:
Donors
2000
2001 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Liquidity (Acceptable range 90/120 days)
1,602
185
152
311
Others
247
Inventory
379
410
Advances
641
269
Prepaid Expenses
171
140
Total Current Assets
21,609 19,542
Non-Current Assets
120
100
97
99
Investments noncurrent
1,429
383
Furnishing and
3,932
3,686
Total Non-Current assets 5,361
4,069
104
93
96
92
80
DAYS
2,606
Employees
Equipment, Net
70
60
49
40
Total Assets
51
26,970 23,611
Liabilities and Net Assets
20
Current Liabilities
0
Accounts Payable
2000
2001 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Adequancy of Reserves (Acceptable range -75/120 days)
11,351
8,071
Others
4,264
4,390
Employees
173
104
Accruals and Provisions
439
450
Total Current Liabilities 16,227 13,015

Non-Current Liabilities
120
100
97
95
93
80
DAYS
Donors
89
92
84
397
388
Accruals and Provisions
205
407
Total Non-current
602
795
Liabilities
70
60
49
40
Employees
Total Liabilities
51
16,829 13,810
Net Assets
Designated
20
Undesignated
0
Total Net Assets

2000
2001 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Total Liabilities
and Net Assets
4,182
3,373
5,959
6,428
10,141
9,801
26,970 23,611
Donors
Donors
contributions
STATEMENT OF GRANT REVENUES
Donors ( For the year Ending 31 December, 2008)
(US$ 000)
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank Group)
Global Enviroment Facility (GEF)
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT)
United States Agency for International Development
Government of Belgium
Government of Germany (BMZ/GTZ)
Department for International Development (DFID)
Government of Spain
European Commission
Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)
Australian Centre for International Agriculture Research (ACIAR)
Irish Aid
International Food Policy Research Institute
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
International Development Research Centre (IDRC)
Government of Norway
Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maz y Trigo-Generation Challenge Program
Common Fund for Commodities (CFC)
New Zealand Agency for International Development
Government of Luxembourg
The Kilimo Trust
Government of Peru
Bioversity International
Fondo Regional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria
Government of Italy
Rockefeller Foundation
Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA)
Government of The Republic of Korea
Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Africa-ASARECA
Government of India
Chevron
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
The Lemelson Foundation
Government of China
International Water Management Institute-Water and Food
The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
International Livestock Research Institute-ILRI
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
The OPEC Fund for International Development
Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations
Government of Brazil
United States Department of Agriculture
Valent BioSciences Corporation
The International Crops Research Institute
Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia (DAFWA)
The Mcknight Foundation
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)
RUAF Foundation
Natural Resources Institute
Organizacion Espaola de Cooperacin Internacional
Government of Islamic Republic of Iran
International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas
University of the Philippines Los Baos Foundation, Inc.
Global Crop Diversity Trust
ONG Grupo Yanapai
Dr. David Nelson, Branston LTD
CGIAR-IFAR
Instituto Nacional de Investigacin Agraria
Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA)
Ayuda-Help for Latin America
Fundacin para la Promocin e Investigacin Productos Andinos de Bolivia-FUNDACION PROINPA
Government of Philippines
The Field Museum of Natural History
Secretaria General de la Comunidad Andina
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina
Kansas State University
TOTAL
969
972
1,740
499
437
1,100
2,159
1,519
416
1,617
1,593
1,404
640
676
1,054
965
909
221
290
423
299
574
563
571
478
50
38
464
460
451
441
300
290
283
261
234
215
186
93
138
100
132
128
126
120
113
108
102
83
82
74
73
53
43
32
30
24
24
23
22
21
20
20
20
17
16
16
12
10
10
8
7
7
7
7,850
6
5
4
3
19,825
3,128
2,491
2,156
1,617
1,593
1,404
1,139
1,113
1,100
1,054
965
909
644
589
574
563
571
478
464
460
451
441
300
290
283
261
234
215
186
143
138
138
132
128
126
120
113
108
102
83
82
74
73
53
43
32
30
24
24
23
22
21
20
20
20
17
16
16
12
10
10
8
7
7
7
6
5
4
3
27,675
Countries
Countries
in which CIP is working
5
3
2
8
25
22
23
24
12
17
19
15
18
10
16
33
34 35
36 38
11
14 13
21
32 30
31
26
37
28
27
20
These are the countries in which CIP is currently working:

1. Tajikistan
2. Armenia
3. Georgia
4. Uzbekistan
5. Kazakhstan
6. Afghanistan
7. Zambia
8. Burkina Faso
9. South Africa
10. Malawi
11. Ethiopia
12. Angola
13. Cameroon
14. Ghana
15. Kenya
16. Mozambique
17. Uganda
18. Tanzania
19. Rwanda
20. Madagascar
21. Ecuador
22. Brazil
23. Peru
24. Bolivia
25. Colombia
26. Philippines
27. Indonesia
28. Papua New Guinea
29. Solomon Island
30. Vietnam
31. Korea DPR
32. Myanmar
33. China
34. Nepal
35. Bhutan
36. India
37. Sri Lanka
38. Bangladesh
29
Global
Global
contact points
Uzbekistan
Afghanistan
Heilongjiang
Ch
China
Chi
Bhutan
Bh
u
Northeast India
No
India
Philippines
O
Orissa
rissa
Vietnam
am
Uganda
Ecuador
Kenya
Peru
Latin America and

the Caribbean (LAC)
Indonesia
Malawi
Mozambique
Angola
Sub-Saharan
Africa (SSA)
South, West and

Central Asia (SWCA)
East and Southeast Asia

and the Pacific (ESEAP)
CIP Headquarters
International Potato Center (CIP) Avenida La Molina 1895, La Molina
P.O. Box 1558 Lima 12, Peru Tel: +51 1 349 6017 Fax: +51 1 317 5326
email: cip@cgiar.org Website: www.cipotato.org
Latin America and the

Caribbean (LAC)
Ecuador Liaison Office
Santa Catalina Experimental Station
Km. 17 Panamericana Sur
Sector Cutuglagua Canton Meja
Apartado 17-21-1977
Quito, Ecuador
Tel: +593 2 2690 362/363
Fax: +593 2 2692 604
email: cip-quito@cgiar.org
Website: www.quito.cipotato.org
Contact: Bert De Bivre, Liaison Officer

Regional Office
P.O. Box 25171
Nairobi 00603, Kenya
Tel: +254 20 4223601
Fax: +254 20 4223600/4223001

email: cip-nbo@cgiar.org
Contact: Jan Low, SSA Regional Leader
Angola Liaison Office
Centro Internacional da Batata
Chianga Agricultural Experimental Station
Estao Experimental Agricola da
Chianga
Huambo
Republica de Angola
Tel: +244 929 753181
email: b.kowalski@cgiar.org
Contact: Britta Kowalski, Liaison Scientist
Malawi Liaison Office
Chitedze Research Station
PO Box 30258
Lilongwe 3
Malawi
Tel: +265 1 707014, Extension 212
Fax: +265 1 707026

email: p.demo@cgiar.org
Contact: Paul Demo, Liaison Scientist
Mozambique Liaison Office
IIAM
Avenida das FPLM 2698
Maputo, Mozambique
PO Box 2100 Maputo
Tel/Fax: +258 21 461610
email: m.andrade@cgiar.org
Contact: Maria Andrade, Liaison
Scientist
Uganda Liaison Office
Plot 106, Katalima Road, Naguru Hill
P.O. Box 22274
Kampala, Uganda
Tel: +256 414 286 209
Fax: +256 414 286 947
email: b.lemaga@cgiar.org
Contact: Berga Lemaga, Liaison
Scientist
South, West and Central

Asia (SWCA)
Regional Office
NASC Complex
DPS Marg, Pusa Campus
New Delhi, 110012, India
Tel: +91 11 2584 0201/2584 3734
Fax: +91 11 2584 7481
email: cip-delhi@cgiar.org
Contact: Dindo Campilan, SWCA
Regional Leader
Orissa Liaison Office
Regional Center of CTCRI
P.O. Dumduma HBC
Bhubaneswar 751019
Orissa, India
Tel: +91-0674-2472244
Fax: +91-0674-2470768
Email: s.attaluri@cgiar.org
Contact: Sreekanth Attaluri
Northeast India Liaison Office
Nagaland University-SASRD Campus
Medziphema
Nagaland 797106
India
Tel: +91-03862-247311
Fax: +91-03862-247113
Email: v.thorie@cgiar.org
Contact: Viwheto Thorie
Bhutan Liaison Office
P.O. Box 670, Semtoka
G.P.O. Thimphu
Bhutan
Tel: +975 2 351 016 / 351 694 / 323 355

Fax: +975 2 351 027
email: w.roder@cgiar.org
Contact: Walter Roder
Uzbekistan Liaison Office
c/o ICARDA-CAC
P.O. Box 4564
Tashkent 700000
Uzbekistan
Tel: +998 71 137 1782
Fax: +998 71 120 7125
email: c.carli@cgiar.org
Contact: Carlo Carli, Liaison Scientist
East and Southeast Asia

and the Pacific (ESEAP)
Regional Office
c/o BALITSA
Jl. Tangkuban Perahu no. 517
P.O. Box 8404 Lembang
Bandung 40391
Indonesia
Tel: +62 22 2785591 or 2785586
Fax: +62 22 2785549
email: cip-eseap@cgiar.org
Website: www.eseap.cipotato.org
Contact: Fernando Ezeta, ESEAP
Regional Leader
China Liaison Office
c/o The Chinese Academy of
Agricultural Sciences
Zhong Guan Cun South Street 12
West Suburbs of Beijing,
Beijing, Peoples Republic of China
Tel: +86 10 8210 5690
Fax: +86 10 8210 5689
email: cip-china@cgiar.org
Website: www.eseap.cipotato.org/
cip-china
Contact: Xie Kaiyun, Liaison Scientist
Heilongjiang Liaison Office
Training Building, Room No. 324
Northeast Agricultural University
59-Mucai Street, Xiangfang District
Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030
Peoples Republic of China
Tel: +86 451 5519 0997
Fax: +86 451 5519 1717
email: f.wang@cgiar.org
Contact: Fengyi Wang
Vietnam Liaison Office
Phong 215, Nha A,
Vien Chan nuoi
Thuy Phuong, Chem
Tu Liem, Hanoi
Vietnam
Tel: +84 4 7410-004
Fax: +84 4 7410-003

email: tnguyen@cgiar.org
Contact: Thi Tinh Nguyen, Liaison
Scientist
Global, Regional and

Systemwide Initiatives
Papa Andina Initiative
same address, telephone and fax as
CIP Headquarters
email: a.devaux@cgiar.org
Website: www.cipotato.org/papandina
Contact: Andr Devaux, Coordinator
CONDESAN (Consortium for the
Sustainable Development of the
Andean Ecoregion)
(same address, telephone and fax as
CIP headquarters)
email: condesan@cgiar.org
Website: www.condesan.org
Contact: Bert De Bivre, Coordinator
GMP (Global Mountain Program)
(same address, telephone and fax as
CIP headquarters)
email: p.trutmann@cgiar.org
Contact: Peter Trutmann, Coordinator
PRAPACE (Regional Potato and
Sweet Potato Improvement Program
for East and Central Africa)
Plot 106, Katarima Road, Naguru Hill
P.O. Box 22274
Kampala, Uganda
Tel: +256 414 286 209
Fax: +256 414 286 947
email: prapace@prapace.co.ug
Contact: Berga Lemaga, Coordinator
UPWARD (Users Perspectives
with Agricultural Research and
Development)
c/o IRRI DAPO 7777
Metro Manila, Philippines
Tel: +63 49 536 8185
Fax: +63 49 536 1662
email: cip-manila@cgiar.org
Contact: Marietta Nadal, Office manager
Website: www.cip-upward.org
Vitamin A for Africa (VITAA)
Liaison Office Uganda
c/o PRAPACE
Plot 106, Katalima Road, Naguru Hill
P.O. Box 22274
Kampala, Uganda
Tel: +256 414 287 571
Fax: +256 414 286 947
email: j.low@cgiar.org
CIPs
CIPs
internal structure*
BOARD OF
TRUSTEES
Office of the
Director General
Director General
External Relations
Pamela K. Anderson
Mariella Altet
Deputy Director
General for
Research
Research
Divisions
Partnership
Programs
Regional
Offices
Research
Support
Communications
and Public
Awareness Dept
Charles Crissman
Division 1: Impact
Enhancement
VITAA
Sub-Saharan
Africa (SSA)
Germplasm and
Distribution
Unit
Head: Paul Stapleton
Leader: Graham Thiele
Division 2:
Genetic Resources
Conservation and
Characterization
Leader: David Tay
Division 3:
Germplasm
Enhancement and
Crop Improvement
Leader: Merideth
Bonierbale
Coordinator:
Regina Kapinga
Papa Andina
Coordinator:
Andr Devaux
South, West
and Central
Asia (SWCA)
PRAPACE
Regional Leader:
Dindo Campilan
Coordinator:
Berga Lemaga
UPWARD
Coordinator:
Dindo Campilan
CONDESAN
Division 4:
Crop Management
Leader: Oscar Ortiz
Division 5:
Production
Systems and the
Environment
Leader: Roberto
Quiroz
Regional Leader:
Jan Low
Coordinator:
Miguel Saravia
Global
Mountain
Program
East, and
Southeast
Asia and
the Pacific
(ESEAP)
Regional Leader:
Fernando Ezeta
Grants &
Contracts
Head: Jacqueline
Sawyer
Leader: Enrique
Chujoy
Applied
Biotechnology
Laboratory
Leader:
Marc Ghislain
Research
Informatics
Unit
Leader:
Reinhard Simon
Library
Capacity
Strengthening
Dept
Head: Cecilia
Ferreyra
Leader:
Wayne Nelles
Coordinator:
Peter Trutmann
Urban
Harvest
Division 6:
Agriculture and
Human Health
Coordinator:
Gordon Prain
Leader: Donald Cole
Director of
Finance and
Administration
Finance
Administration
Head: Amalia
Perochena
Head: Eduardo
Ferreyra
Human Resources
Services
Information
Technology Unit
Head: Michael Pigeon
Head: Anthony Collins
Carlos Alonso
*As of 1 September 2008
CIP
CIP
staff list
1. Director Generals Office
Director General,
Anderson, Pamela K.
Altet, Mariella, Manager for External Relations
Garca, Erika, Office Auxiliary
Infantas, Viviana, Visitors Officer
Alberco, Roque, Audiovisual Technician
Huanes, Martha, Events & Conferences Administrator
Ortiz, Caroll, Administrative Assistant
Cortbaoui, Roger, Executive Assistant to the Director General2
Deputy Director General for Research,

Crissman, Charles
Salinas, Lilia, Administrative Assistant
Director of Finance and Administration,

Alonso, Carlos
Gallardo, Ana, Administrative Assistant2
Grants & Contracts, Sawyer,Jacqueline, Head1

Aguilar, Edith, Administrative Assistant1
Mel, Isabel, Bilingual Secretary (since july)
Communications and Public Awareness

Department, Stapleton, Paul, Head
Avendao, Juan Carlos
Brenner, Eduardo, Webmaster1
Carre, Jean Pierre, Systems Development Support2
Champi, Blanca, Handicraft
Delgado, Ruth, Exhibits/Display Assistant
Fernndez-Concha, Nini, Graphic Designer
Lafosse, Cecilia, Chief Designer
Lanatta, Mara Elena, Administrative Assistant
Moncada, Paul, Webmaster2
Morales, Anselmo, Graphic Designer
Portillo, Zoraida, Spanish Writer-Editor/Media
Ramrez, Mirian, Handicraft
Taipe, Elena, Graphic Designer
Torres, Jos, Graphic Designer
Finance and Administration Department

Administration, Ferreyra, Eduardo,
Manager of Administration1
Tang, Aldo, Head of Administration2
Crdova, Silvia, Administrative Assistant
Secada, Ana Mara, Head, Travel Office
1
2
3
4
Joined CIP in 2008

Left CIP in 2008
Funded by special project
Joint appointment
Human Resources, Pigeon,

Michael, Human Resources Head1
Marcovich, Rosario, Administrative
Assistant
Delgado, Gustavo, Human Resources
Manager2
Alfaro, Jorge, Cooking Attendant
Barrios, Tefilo, Cooking Attendant
Carpio, Giovanna, Bilingual Secretary2
Castillo, Maria Cecilia, Human
Resources Analyst1
Cerna, Wilber, Cooking Attendant
Chvez, Ral, Cook
Ferreyros, Mnica, Auxiliary Services
Supervisor
Gmez, Sandra, Human Resources
Assistant1
Isla, Roco, Social Worker, Social
Welfare and Health Supervisor
Lapouble, Sor, Auxiliary Services
Assistant
Llallico, Joel, Cooking Attendant
Navarro, Tefila, Room & Linen
Attendant
Polo, William, Human Resources
Analyst
Quico Venturo, Cook
Schmidt, Lucero, Nurse
Varas, Yoner, Salary Administrator
Vargas, Gerardo, Cooking Attendant
Ventura, Jernimo, Cooking Attendant
Logistics, Locatelli, Jorge,
Logistics Administrator2
Alarcn, Willy, Maintenance
Thecnician
Alminagorta, Luis, Driver
Anaya, Alfonso, Janitor2
Anglas, Ignacio, Maintenance
Technician
Arellano, Tito, Warehouse Supervisor
Auqui, Carlos, Janitor
Auqui, Filomeno, Purchasing
Assistant
Blanco, Dalmecio, Mechanic
Briceo, Antoln, Security Officer
Bruno, Genaro, Receptionist
Cnepa, Hctor, Driver2
Castillo, Wilfredo, Janitor2
Ccenta, Alberto, Janitor
Ccenta, Leoncio, Warehouse Assistant
Curasi, Mario, Driver
Dueas, Javier, General Services
Assistant
Enciso, Cirilo, Driver
Enciso, Facundo, Janitor
Enciso, Wilmer, Mechanic
Ganoza, Ximena, Purchasing
Supervisor
Garay, Marino, Driver

Garay, Rogger, Janitor
Garca, Ral, Purchasing Assistant
Gorvenia, Jos, Security Driver
Guerrero, Atilio, Vehicle Programmer
Huambachano, Victor, Security Officer2
Lara, Eduardo, Janitor2
Marquina, Juan, Driver
Martnez, Julio, Janitor
Mena, Vctor, Janitor2
Mendoza, Julio, Security Driver
Montalvo, Hugo, Security Officer
Morillo, Antonio, Maintenance Chief
Murrieta, Raquel, Receptionist
(until August)
Noa, Martn, General Services
Auxiliary
Orellana, Richard, Janitor
Palomino, Juan, Maintenance
Technician
Pelez, Pedro, Maintenance
Technician
Pozada, Angel, Logistics Assistant
Quispe, Edgar, Janitor
Quispe, Kini, Maintenance Technician
Quispe, Francisco, Carpenter
Ramrez, Melissa, Receptionist1
Riveros, Richard, Janitor2
Tintaya, Tefilo, Security Officer
Uribe, Carlos, Maintenance Technician
Vsquez, Lisardo, Safety Officer
Vences, Luciana, Purchasing
Assistant1
Vilca, Luis, Janitor2
Yancce, Jos, Maintenance Technician
Zapata, Saturnino, Maintenance
Technician
Finances, Perochena, Amalia,

Finance Manager1
Bardalez, Eliana, Accountant
Chirinos, Ral, Special Projects
Supervisor
Garca, Andrs, Assistant Accountant2
Giacoma, Denise, Budget Supervisor2
Maza, Christian, Assistant Accountant2
Monteverde, Carla, Assistant
Accountant1
Neyra, Gladys, Administrative Assistant
Patio, Milagros, Treasurer
Peralta, Eduardo, Accountant
Rivero, Nadia, Finance Auxiliary1,2
Saavedra, Miguel, General Accountant
Solari, Sonnia, Cashier
Tapia, Csar, Assistant Accountant
Zambrano, Mamerto, Office Auxiliary
Zapata, Susana, Accountant
Zuiga, Tania, Finances Analyst
Information Technology Unit,
Collins, Anthony, Head
Castro, Samuel, Helpdesk Assistant
Chang, Candie, Helpdesk Assistant
Del Villar, Roberto, Server

Administrator
Daz, Denis, Linux Administrator
Navarro, Rolando, Network
Administrator
Puchuri, Jacqueline, Administrative
Systems Analyst
Palacios, Dante, Helpdesk
Administrator
Palomino, Omar, Systems Assistant1
Rodrguez, Sal, Web Systems Analyst
Torres, Edgardo, Systems
Development Administrator
Valdivieso, Peter, Helpdesk Assistant
2. Divisions
Impact Enhancement Division,
Graham, Thiele, Anthropologist,
Division Leader
Ashby, Jacqueline, Research
Coordinator, Colombia
Campilan, Dindo, Sociologist,
CIP-SWCA Regional Leader
(since June)
Fonseca, Cristina, Agronomist,
Intermediate Researcher
Hareau, Guy, Agricultural Economist1,3
Labarta, Ricardo, Post Doctoral
Agricultura Economist3
(Mozambique)
Low, Jan, Economist, CIP-SSA
Regional Leader
Maldonado, Luis, Economist,
Intermediate Researcher3
Surez, Vctor, Statistics Assistant
Vsquez, Zandra, Administrative
Assistant
Genetic Resources
Conservation and
Characterization Division,
Tay, David, Plant Biologist,
Division Leader
Arbizu, Carlos, Andean Crops
Specialist
Barrientos, Marleni, Laboratory
Technician3
Bendez, Nstor, Fiel/Greenhouse
Auxiliary
Callaaupa, Julio, Greenhouse
Auxiliary3
Crdenas, Jos, Laboratory
Technician3
Carrillo, Oscar, Research Technician
Cruzado, Juan, Laboratory/
Greenhouse Auxiliary2
Espinoza, Catherine, Biologist,
Research Assistant2,3
Fernndez, Juan, Laboratory
Technician3
Fuentes, Segundo, Plant Pathologist,

Research Associate
Garca, Luis, Greenhouse Auxiliary3
Garca, Wendy, Laboratory
Technician3
Gaspar, Oswaldo, Field/Greenhouse
Auxiliary
Gmez, Rene, Agronomist,
Gonzales, Roberto, Research
Technician
Javier, Miguel, Research Thecnician3
Manrique, Ivn, Biologist,
Martn, Mariana, Administrative
Assistant
Nuez, Jorge, Biologist, Research
Assistant2
Panta, Ana, Biologist, Intermediate
Researcher
Ramrez, Carlos, Laboratory
Technician
Ramos, Martn, Laboratory
Technician2,3
Robles, Olegario, Research
Technician3
Robles, Ronald, Research Assistant1,3
Rodrguez, Wilder, Research
Technician
Rojas, Edwin, System Analyst
Romero, Sandra, Research Technician
Rossel, Genoveva, Intermediate
Researcher
Ruz, Mario, Research Technician
Salas, Alberto, Agronomist, Research
Associate
Snchez, Juan, Research Technician3
Soto, Julin, Research Assistant1,3
Torres, Pilar, Laboratory Technician3
Vargas, Fanny, Agronomist,
Villagaray, Rosalva, Research
Technician3
Vivanco, Francisco, Agronomist,
Research Assistant
Ynga, Alberto, Research Technician3
Ynouye, Cecilia, Biologist, Research
Assistant2,3
Zorrilla, Cinthya, Biologist, Research
Assistant2,3
Zea, Brenda, Research Assistant1,3
Germplasm Enhancement and

Crop Improvement Division,
Bonierbale, Merideth, Senior
Potato Breeder, Division Leader
Agili, Sammy, Breeder, Research
Assistant
Amors, Walter, Agronomist, Research
Associate
Andrade, Maria, Sweetpotato Breeder
and Seed Systems Specialist3
(Mozambique)
Attaluri, Sreekanth, Sweetpotato

Scientist, Liaison Scientist
(Bubaneshwar, India)
Alfaro, Delio, Greenhouse Auxiliary
Aliaga, Vilma, Greenhouse Auxiliary3
Alva, Eduar, Greenhouse Auxiliary
Aponte, Maruja, Research Technician3
Auqui, Mariella, Researh Technician1,2,3
Baca, Helga, Greenhouse Auxiliary3
Blanco, Mnica, Administrative
Assistant
Bastos, Carolina, Research Assistant3
Barzola, Alexander, Laboratory
Technician
Beltrn, Arnaldo, Research Technician
Burgos, Gabriela, Biologist,
Intermediate Research3
Cabello, Rolando, Agronomist,
Carbajulca, Doris, Biologist, Research
Assistant2,3
Carpio, Rossemary, Research
Assistant1,3
Carli, Carlo, Regional Seed Production
Specialist, Liaison Scientist
(Uzbekistan)
Chujoy, Enrique, Geneticist, Head of
Acquisitions and Distribution
Unit
Cruzado, Regina, Research
Assistant1,2,3
De la Torre, Idelfonso, Field/
Greenhouse Auxiliary
Del Villar, Faviola, Research Technician
De Haan, Stefan, Potato Breeder3
Diaz, Luis, Agronomist, Intermediate
Researcher
Erquinio, Efran, Field/Greenhouse
Auxiliary
Espinoza, Jorge, Agronomist,
Eusebio, Domingo, Laboratory
Technician
Falcn, Rosario, Biologist,
Intermediate Research
Fernndez, Mximo, Research
Technician
Fernndez, Luciano, Research
Technician
Forbes, Anne, Plant Breeder Fellow2
Gamarra, Freddy, Agronomist,
Research Assistant3
Garca, Paulo, Research Technician
Gastelo, Manuel, Agronomist,
Ghislain, Marc, Head Applied
Biotechnology Laboratory
Gmez, Flix, Research Technician
Gmez, Walter, Research Technician
Grande, Enrique, Research Technician
Gruneberg, Wolfgang, Sweetpotato
Breeder Geneticist
Gutirrez, Luis, Researh Technician
Gutirrez, Claudia, Research

Assistant2,3
Gutirrez, Raymundo, Research
Assistant1,3
Herrera, Rosario, Biologist,
Huaccachi, Juan, Resesarch
Technician
Huamani, Kelvin, Research
Assistant1,3
Jara, Paola, Research Technician1,2,3
Kadian, Mohinder, Agronomist (India)
Kapinga, Regina, Sweetpotato
Breeder,Program Coordinator
(Uganda)
Kreuze, Hannelle, Expert in Molecular
Genetic and Plant Pathology1,3
Kreuze, Jan, Molecular Virologist3
Landeo, Juan, Potato Breeder (Kenya)
Lajo, Gabriela, Research Assistan1
Lara, Ral, Greenhouse Auxiliary
Loayza, Wilder, Greenhouse Auxiliary
Manrique, Sandra, Ph.D. Biologist,
Martnez, Roberto, Greenhouse
Auxiliary
Mel, Isabel, Bilingual Secretary
(until June)
Mihovilovich, Elisa, Biologist,
Molina, Carla, Research Technician1,2,3
Munive, Susan, Research Technician3
Murrieta, Raquel, Secretary
(since september)
Nuez, Jos, Research Technician1,2,3
Nuez, Jorge, Biologist, Research
Assistant2
Muoa, Lupita, Research Technician1,3
Ochoa, Carlos, Taxonomist,
Scientist Emeritus
Orbegozo, Jeanette, Research
Assistant1
Ordoez, Benny, Research
Technician1,3
Ormachea, Milagros, Research
Assistant1,3
Orrillo, Matilde, Biologist,
Plasencia, Franklin, Research
Assistant1,3
Paredes, Joel, Research Technician3
Park, Young-Eun, Potato Breeder,
Visiting Scientist1,3
Patilla, Julio, Greenhouse Auxiliary
Perinango, Carla, Biologist, Research
Assistant2,3
Prentice, Katterine, Research
Assistant1,3
Ponce, Miguel, Greenhouse Auxiliary3
Portal, Leticia, Biologist, Research
Assistant
Porras, Eduardo, Research Technician3
Pozo, Vctor, Research Technician
Ramos, Shamir, Laboratory

Technician3
Rivera, Cristina, Biologist, Research
Assistant3
Rivera, Luis, Research Assistant2,3
Roder, Walter, Regional Seed Potato
Specialist2,3 (Bhutan)
Rodrguez, Daniel, Greenhouse
Auxiliary3
Rodrguez, Jos, Research Technician
Rojas, Percy, Biologist, Research
Assistant3
Roman, Maria Lupe, Research
Assistant1,3
Romero, Elisa, Agronomist, Research
Assistant3
Salas, Elisa, Agronomist, Research
Assistant3
Salazar, Rosa, Secretary
Salcedo, Carlos, Greenhouse Auxiliary3
Snchez, Jacqueline, Research
Technician1,3
Schafleitner, Roland, Biotechnology
Research Scientist3
Setiawan, Asep, Sweetpotato
Breeder(CIP-ESEAP)
Sols, Julio, Biologist, Research Assistant3
Sosa, Paola, Research Technician1,3
Sierra, Yaquili, Agronomist, Research
Assistant2,3
Tincopa, Rosalina, Research Assistant3
Tovar, Jos, Biologist, Research
Assistant3
Trebejo, Sunny, Office Auxiliary1,3
Tumwegamire, Silver, Breeder,
Research Assistant, Liaison Office
Uganda
Untiveros, Milton, Biologist, Research
Assistant3
Vega, Jorge, Greenhouse Auxiliary
Vlez, Jos, Field/Greenhouse
Auxiliary
Wang, Fengyi, Potato Production
Specialist, DPRK Project
Coordinator3 (China)
Xie, Kaiyun, Liaison Scientist1 (China)
Integrated Crop Management

Division, Ortiz, Oscar, Agricultural
Extension & Rural Development
Specialist, Division Leader
Alcazar, Jess, Agronomist, Research
Associate
Aley, Pedro, Plant Pathologist,
Alfaro, Armando, Research Assistant1,3
Alvarado, Javier, Research Assistant3
Arellano, Jaime, Research Technician
Barker, Ian, Senior Virologist
Burgos, Angie, Research Assistant1,3
Calvo, Pamela, Research Assistant1,2,3
Caedo, Vernica, Biologist, Research
Assistant
Carli, Carlo, Regional Seed Production

Specialist, Liaison Scientist
(Uzbekistan)
Castilln, Maromeo, Field Laborer
Caycho, Jorge, Research Assistant2,3
Chvez, Daniel, Research Assistant1,3
Chuquillanqui, Carlos, Agronomist,
Intermediate Research
Cuellar, Wilmer, Post-Doctoral
Fellow1,3
De la Torre, Elvin, Laboratory
Technician
Demo, Paul, Regional Potato Expert3
Erquinio, Jhojan, Greenhouse
Auxiliary3
Espinoza, Angel, Field Laborer
Espinoza, Hugo, Research Technician
Ezeta, Fernando, Agronomist,
CIP-ESEAP Regional Leader
Flores, Betty, Research Technician3
Forbes, Gregory, Pathologist
French, Edward, Scientist Emeritus
Fuentes, Segundo, Plant Pathologist,
Research Assistant
Gamarra, Heidy, Research Assistant3
Gamboa, Soledad, Biologist, Research
Assistant
Garca, Gregory, Research Assistan1,3
Girish, Basavapatna Halappa, Potato
Scientist
Gonzales, Manuel, Laboratory
Technician
Gutarra, Liliam, Agronomist,
Huamn, Eva, Research Technician
Ilangantileke, Sarath, Postharvest
Specialist2 (India)
Kadian, Mohinder Singh, Agronomist
(India)
Kakuhenzire, Rogers, Regional Potato
Research Fellow1 (Uganda)
Kowalski, Britta, Potato Agronomist,
Proyect Leader1,3 (Angola)
Kroschel, Jurgen, Entomologist
Llacta, Eusebio, Field Laborer
Lemaga, Berga, Potato Agronomist
(Uganda)
McEwan, Margaret, Research
Leader on OFSP Technology
Transfer Dissemantion1,3 (Kenya)
Mendoza, Carlos, Research Technician
Meza, Marco, Research Technician
Mujica, Norma, Agronomist,
Muller, Giovanna, Biologist,
Oliva, Ricardo, PhD Student2
Ochoa, Francisco, Research
Technician
Orrego, Ricardo, Agronomist,
Oswald, Andreas, Integrated Crop
Management Expert3
Paredes, Catalina, Research

Technician
Prez, Wilmer, Plant Pathologist,
Picho, Claudia, Research Assitant3
Ponce, Luciano, Field,Greenhouse
Auxiliary
Pradel, Willy, Zoologist, Intermediate
Researcher3
Prudencio, Maria Cecilia, Research
Assistant1,2,3
Quispe, Hctor, Research Technician
Roder, Walter, Regional Seed Potato
Specialist2,3 (Bhutan)
Snchez, Juan, Research Technician3
Santivaez, Sonia, Secretary
Sierralta, Alexander, Laboratory
Technician
Sofiari, Eri, Plant Breeder, Regional
Scientist
Sporleder, Marc, Entomologist, ICM
Specialist4
Taipe, Jaime, Research Assistant
Tenorio, Jorge, Biologist, Intermediate
Researcher
Trebejo, Marcelo, Research Technician
Trillo, Antonio, Research Technician
Uribe, Richard, Greenhouse
Auxiliary2,3
Vega, Adan, Research Technician
Ventura, Fredy, Laboratory Technician
Vinueza, Marcelo, Research
Technician
Zamudio, Julia, Administrative
Assistant
Zegarra, Octavio, Biologist, Research
Assistant
Production Systems and the

Environment Division, Quiroz,
Roberto, Land Use Systems
Specialist, Division Leader
Alarcn, Nikolai, Greenhouse
Technician3
Barreda, Carolina, Agronomist,
Research Assistant
Bazoalto, Jimena, Research Assistant
Claessens, Lieven, Soil Scientist3
(Kenya)
Cruz, Mariana, Research Assistant3
Garca, Alberto, Photographic Design
Technician3
Guerrero, Jos, Systems Assistant3
Heidinger, Haline, Research Assistant3
Len-Velarde, Carlos, Agricultural
Systems Analysis Specialist3
Loayza, Hildo, Research Assistant3
Mares, Vctor, Production Systems
Agronomist3
Posadas, Adolfo, Physicist, Research
Associate3
Raymundo, Ruby, Programmer1,3
Rosales, Luis, Research Assistant2,3
Sietz, Diana, Associate Expert,

ICM Environmental Vulnerability
Evaluation4
Silva, Luis, Database Technician3
Valdizn, Ivonne, Administrative
Assistant
Yarlequ, Christian, Research Assistant3
Zorogasta, Percy, Agronomist,
ALTAGRO Project
Leon Velarde, Carlos, Project Leader3
Lanatta, Amalia, Administrative
Assistant3
Rojas, Abel, Coordinator Altagro-La Paz3
Valdivia, Roberto, Coordinator
Altagro-Puno3
Agriculture and Human

Health Division, Cole, Donald,
Epidemiologist, Division Leader
Loechl, Cornelia, Nutritionist3
Capacity Strengthening
Department, Nelles, Wayne, Head1
Echeanda, Edda, Multimedia Developer
Puccini, Alfredo, Multimedia Designer
Suito, Mercedes, Administrative
Assistant
Torres, Dora, Office Auxiliary1,2
Library, Ferreyra, Cecilia, Head

Librarian
Garca, Daniel, Library Auxiliary
Hoyos, Alexis, Library Auxiliary
Lay, Griselda, Library Assistant
Field Research Support, Otaz,

Victor, Experimental Stations
Superintendent
Alburqueque, Juan, Field Laborer
Ayquipa, Agustin, Driver
Barrientos, Herminio, Gardener
Blas, Walter, Mechanic
Callaupa, Francisco, Field Laborer
Cancho, Jos, Field Laborer2
Cardozo, Reymundo, Field Laborer
Carhuamaca, Mario, Administrative
Auxiliary2
Cipriano, Jorge, Field Laborer
Colachagua, Eloy, Field Laborer
Cosme, Anastacio, Driver (Tractor)
Coz, Armando, Driver
Cristobal, Juan, Field Laborer
Cumpa, Jhony, Field Laborer2
Domnguez, Augusto, Field Laborer
Duarte, Roberto, Agronomist, Field/
Greenhouse Supervisor
Falcn, Jos, Cooking Attendant
Flores, Julin, Office Auxiliary
Frisancho, Rebeca, Agronomist, Field/
Greenhouse Supervisor
Gaspar, Demetrio, Field Laborer

Gaspar, Henry, Cooking Attendant
Huaccache, Elas, Gardener
Huarcaya, Alberto, Field Laborer
Lara, Carmen, Secretary
Limaylla, Jenny, Administrative
Assistant
Lpez, Serapio, Field Laborer
Maguia, Sergio, Field Laborer
Marn, Fernando, Maintenance
Technician
Mena, Vctor, Greenhouse/Field
Laborer2
Merma, Luis, Greenhouse/Field
Laborer
Montes, Marco, Field Laborer
Noa, Fernando, Field Laborer
Olmedo, Jos, Driver (tractor)
Piana, Vanna, Administrative Assistant
Porras, Jorge, Warehouse Assistant
Quino, Miguel, Research Technician
Quispe, Julio, Field Laborer2
Reyes, Eddy, Gardener
Romero, Emeterio, Field/Greenhouse
Auxiliary
Silva, Fredy, Security Chief2
Surez, Julio, Field Laborer
Vega, Ricardo, Field/Greenhouse
Auxiliary
Velasco, Diogardo, Field/Greenhouse
Auxiliary
Vicencio, Domingo, Field Laborer2
Zamora, Marco, Field Laborer
Research Informatics Unit,

Simon, Reinhard, Head
Aliaga, Christian, Systems Assistant1,3
De Mendiburu, Felipe, Statistician,
Research Assistant
Gonzales, Juan Carlos, Systems
Assistant3
Hualla, Vilma, Research Assistant2,3
Jurez, Henry, Agronomist,
Rojas, Edwin, Systems Analyst
Rojas, Luis, System Assistant1,3
Schmitt, Magna, Systems Assistant2,3
Vargas, Mara Elena, Research
Assistant3
3. Partnership
Programs
VITAA, Kapinga, Regina,
Sweetpotato Breeder, Program
Coordinator (Kampala)
Research Assistant
Papa Andina, Devaux, Andr,
Agronomist, Program Coordinator3
Andrade, Jorge, Coordinator,

InnovAndes Project3
Antezana, Ivonne, Economist,
Regional Scientist3
Egsquiza, Rolando, Consultant
Julca, Pamela, Consultant2
Lpez, Gastn, Consultant3
Manrique, Kurt, Agronomist,
Ordinola, Miguel, Consultant3
Thomann, Alice, Associate Expert3
Valcrcel, Vernica, Information
Assistant2,3
Vela, Ana Mara, Administrative
Assistant3
Velasco, Claudio, Coordinator of Papa
Andina in Bolivia
UPWARD, Campilan, Dindo,

Sociologist, Program Coordinator
(until May)
Aquino, Mylene, Administrative
Officer
De los Reyes, Mario, Office
Messenger2
Gallentes, Jaime, Research Fellow
Luis, Judith, Project Specialist2
Nadal, Marietta, Office Manager
Sister, Lorna, Project Specialist
CONDESAN, Saravia, Miguel,
Program Coordinator3
de Bivre, Bert, Paramo Andino
Project Coordinator3
Briceo, Musuq, Research Assistant3
Calle, Tania, Research Assistant3
Castro, Augusto, Research Assistant3
Fernndez, Edith, Intermediate
Researcher1,3
Guerrero Mauricio, Consultant
Hermoza, Mara Pa, Research
Assistant1,2,3
Hernndez, Connie, Administrative
Assistant3
Hidalgo, Ruth, Junior Web Assistant2,3
Montoya, Mara Paz, Project
Coordinator1,3
Ramrez, Amparo, Project
Administrator2,3
Snchez, Adam, Programmer3
Yez, Natalia, Research Assistant2,3
Global Mountain Program,

Trutman, Peter, Program
Coordinator2,3
Urban Harvest, Prain, Gordon,

Social Anthropologist, Program
Coordinator
Alegre, Jessica, Research Assistant2,3
Gonzales, Nieves, Research Assistant3
Karanja, Nancy, Regional Coordinator
(CIP-SSA)
Lwasa, Shuaib, Project Leader, Focus

Cities3 (Uganda)
Njenga, Mary, Research Officer
Pacheco, Rossana, Research Assistant3
Salvo, Miguel, Post Doctoral Scientist2,3
Muoz, Ana Luisa, Administrative
Assistant
4. Regional Offices
Liaison Office, Quito, Ecuador,
de Bivre, Bert, Liaison Officer,
Paramo Andino Project
Coordinator3
Alcocer, Julio, Field Laborer
Ayala, Sofia, Administrative Assistant
Burbano, Rosa, Accountant
Brusil, Ramiro, Guard
Cuesta, Francisco, Consultant
Delgado, Juan, Vehicle Maintenance
and Messenger2
Guerrero, Mauricio, Consultant
Jimnez, Jos, Network Management
and Systems Maintenance
Mera, Xavier, Research Assistant1
Oliva, Ricardo, PhD Student2
Oa, Marlene, Administrative Assistant1
Orozco, Fadya, Project Coordinator2
Pomboza, Pedro, Research Assistant2
Reinoso, Lidia, Field and Greenhouse
Laborer
Taipe, Jaime, Research Assistance
Vinuesa, Marcelo, Research
Technician
Yanza, Pablo, Field Laborer1

Nairobi, Kenya, Low, Jan,
Economist, Regional Leader
Agili, Sammy, Breeder, Research
Assistant
Borus, Dinah, Research Assistant1
Kaguongo, Wachira, Agricultural
Economist,Research Assistant3
Kioko, Musua, Administrative Assistant1
Landeo, Juan, Potato Breeder
Maina, George, Driver
McEwan, Margaret, Research
Leader OFSP Technology Transfer
Dissemantion1,3
Ndoho, Emily, Accountant
Reuben, Anangwe, Cleaner
Zani, Naomi, Administrative Assistant
Liaison Office, Kampala, Uganda,
Kapinga, Regina, Sweetpotato
Breeder, VITTA Program
Coordinator3
Atong, Moses, Office Messenger
Kasaato, Paul, Security Guard1,2
Kakuhenzire, Rogers, Regional Potato
Research Fellow1
Lemaga, Berga, Potato Agronomist

Loechl, Cornelia, Nutritionist3
Lwamata, James, Security Guard
Lwasa, Shuaib, Project Leader, Focus
Cities3
Namanda, Sam, Agronomist,
Research Assistant3
Nyamutale Placid, Research Assistant3
Tumwirize, Ronald, Driver, Purchasing
Assistant
Research Assistant
Ameru, Martha, Secretary1
Nsumba, James, Agronomist, G
Program Assistant1,3
Wakulira, N. Rachel, Accountant
Migisa, Isaac, Driver1
Office, Lilongwe, Malawi,
Demo, Paul, Regional Potato
Expert3
Ndiwa, Godknows, Administrative
Assistan1,2
Liaison Office, Maputo,
Mozambique, Andrade, Maria,
Sweetpotato Breeder and Seed
Systems Specialist3
Alvaro, Abilio dos Santos, Agronomist,
Research Assistant3
Armando, Lourenco, Driver3
Chibebe, Arlindo, Technician2,3
Chiconela, Luisa, Greenhouse worker3
da Costa, Virglio, Driver, Angonia3
Faria, Maria de Lourdes, Assistant
Nutritionist3
Jorge, Fernandes J., Technician3
Martins, Cheila, Research Assistant1,2
Mauariha, Jos Albino, Driver, Gaza3
Munguambe, Chelza, Greenhouse
worker3
Rabeca, Cesar A., Technician Beira
(Sofala Province)2
Ruco, Amelia Ozias, Accountant and
Administrator
Venancio, Felismino, Agronomist,
Research Assistant (Based in
Angonia)3
Vura, Alberto, Technician3
Guambe, Abrahamo Alberto
(gardener)3
Zibia, Jabula, Research Assistant1,2
BK-Chevron-Angola Vegetatively
Propagated Crops
Liaision Office, Huambo, Angola
Kowalski, Britta, Potato
Agronomist, Proyect Leader1,3
Reaching End Users Project
Office, Quelimane, Mozambique,
Labarta, Ricardo, Post Doctoral
Agricultura Economist3
Munhaua, Bernardinho Azevedo,

Data Entry Manager and
Administrator3
Mussuale, Momade Cesar, Field
Supervisor3
Devunane, Jose, Driver3
Murina, Bernardo, Cleaner &
Messenger3
Manteiga, Iranett Almeida, Field
Enumerator and Data Entry3
Godinho, Nelson, Field Enumerator
and Data Entry3
Pedro, Gomes Federico, Field
Enumerator and Data Entry3
Serra, Victor Luis, Field Enumerator
and Data Entry3
Khalikov, Durbek, Agronomist

Assistant
Khegay, Eduard, Office Driver
Kim, Alexey, Administrative Assistant2
Kim, Galina, Secretary1
Tashpulatova, Dildora, Interpreter/
Translator2
Yuldashev, Firuz, Research Assistant1,2
Bhutan Special Project-Liaison
Office-Bhutan
Roder, Walter, Project Coordinator2,3
Norbu, Kencho, Driver2
South, West and Central

Asia(SWCA),New Delhi, India,
Agronomist, Regional Leader

Budhi, Prasetya, Program Officer1,2
Kosay, Luther, Research Assistant3
Mahalaya, Sukendra, Researcher
Nawawi, Kusye, Accountant
Satiman, Partono, Office Driver
Sofiari, Eri, Plant Breeder, Regional
Scientist
Syahputra, Aris, Research Assistant
Tjintokohadi, Koko, Research Assistant
Yuniarti, Fihartini, Secretary Executive
Cargill, Colin, Animal Scientist3
(Australia)
Ilangantileke, Sarath, Postharvest

Specialist, Regional Leader2
(until May)
Campilan, Dindo, Sociologist,
Regional Leader (since June)
Kadian, Mohinder Singh, Potato
Agronomist
Girish, Basavapatna Halappa, Potato
Scientist
Arya, Sushma, Accountant/Program
Coordinator
Mony, Lalitha, Administrative
Secretary
Verma, Romi, Program Associate
Dasappan Jayakumar, Computer
Assistant
Jagram, Office Assistant
Anjan, Barik, Office Driver
Kumar, Vinod, Office Driver1
Rahaman, E.H.M. Shofir, Research
Assistant1
Shahid, Ali, Senior Research Fellow1
Sharma, Neeraj, Research Assistant1
Viwheto, Thorie, Research Assistant1
Liaison Office, Bhubaneswar, India
Attaluri, Sreekanth, Sweetpotato
Scientist, Liaison Scientist-BBSR,
India
Office, Kathmandu, Nepal
Sporleder, Marc, Entomologist, ICM
Specialist4
Liaison Office, Tashkent,
Uzbekistan, Carli, Carlo, Regional
Seed Production Specialist, Liaison
Scientist
Ibragimov, Zokhid, Research
Assistant1,2
Makhmudor, Murod, Administrative
Assistant
Muzaffar, Aliev, Administrative
Officer1
East and Southeast Asia and

the Pacific (ESEAP) Lembang,
Indonesia, Ezeta, Fernando,
Liaison Office, Beijing, China,

Xie, Kaiyun, Liaison Scientist1
Dian-ping, Zhu, Yanqing Station
Manager and Technician
Gu, Jianmiao, Administrative Assistant
Shi-an, Liu, Office Assistant and Driver
Wang, Fengyi, Potato Production
Specialist, DPRK Project
Coordinator3
Wang, Xiao-Xue, Research Assistant1
Consulting Agencies in the
Provinces,
Min-shuang, Yao, Potato Seed
Technology, Breeding and
Training, Pengzhou Potato Unit,
Sichuan Agriculture Bureau,
Sichuan Province
Yu-ping, Bi, Pathogen Diagnosis
and Training, Biotechnology
Center, Shandong Academy
of Agriculture Sciences,
Shandong Province
Liaison Office, Hanoi, Vietnam,
Nguyen, Thi-Tinh, Animal Scientist,
Liaison Scientist
Nguyen, Thia Hoa, Cleaner
Le van Huyen, Research Assistant
Centers
Centers
supported by the CGIAR

CIMMYT
Mexico
IFPRI
USA
CIAT
Colombia
BIOVERSITY
INTERNATIONAL
Italy
WARDA
Benin
IWMI
Sri Lanka
IITA
Nigeria
ILRI
Kenya
CIP
Peru
CIAT
CIFOR
CIMMYT
CIP
ICARDA
ICRISAT
IFPRI
IITA
ILRI
IRRI
IWMI
WARDA
ICRISAT
India
ICARDA
Syria
WORLD
AGROFORESTRY
CENTRE
Kenya
WORLDFISH
Malaysia
CIFOR
Indonesia
IRRI
Philippines
Bioversity International
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical
Center for International Forestry Research
Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maz y Trigo
Centro Internacional de la Papa
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics
lnternational Food Policy Research Institute
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
lnternational Livestock Research Institute
lnternational Rice Research Institute
lnternational Water Management Institute
West Africa Rice Development Association
World Agroforestry Centre
WorldFish
CIP is one of 15 food and environmental research centers located around the world that make up the
Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), a strategic global partnership of
countries, international and regional organizations, and private foundations. Working with national
agricultural research systems, the private sector and civil society, the CGIAR mobilizes agricultural science
to reduce poverty, foster human wellbeing, promote agricultural growth, and protect the environment.
The Centers collaborate among themselves and with their diverse partners through numerous
projects and system-wide programs. The CGIAR is also creating a series of independently governed
partnerships among a wide range of institutions for high-impact research that targets complex issues
of overwhelming global and/or regional significance. CIP has substantial participation in each of these
Challenge Programs, and intends to extend this involvement to the Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge
Program, currently being formulated. Over the past two years, three Challenge Programs have been
established: The Challenge Program on Water and Food, The HarvestPlus Challenge Program, The
Generation Challenge Program
CIPs Mission
The International Potato Center (CIP) works with partners to achieve food
security and well-being and gender equity for poor people in root and tuber
farming and food systems in the developing world. We do this through research
and innovation in science, technology and capacity strengthening.
The CIP Vision
Our vision is roots and tubers improving the lives of the poor.
www.cipotato.org
CIP is supported by a group of governments, private foundations, and
international and regional organizations known as the Consultative Group on
International Agricultural Research (CGIAR).
www.cgiar.org

CIP. 2009. Potatoes & sweetpotatoes: providing food security
International Potato Center Annual Report 2008
2009, International Potato Center
ISSN 0256-6311
Readers are encouraged to quote or reproduce material from this Report. As
copyright holder CIP requests acknowledgement and a copy of the publication
where the citation or material appears. Please send this to the Communications
and Public Awareness Department at the address below.
Apartado 1558, Lima 12, Per
cip@cgiar.org
www.cipotato.org
Press run: 2000
July 2009
Editor
Paul Stapleton
Writers
Paul Stapleton, Alison Light, Lisa Wing
Production coordinator
Cecilia Lafosse
Design and layout
Nini Fernndez-Concha
Report 2008
Annual
Center
Potato
International
International Potato Center Av. La Molina 1895 La Molina Apartado 1558 Lima 12, Per

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International Potato Center

International Potato Center Annual Report 2008

International Potato Center Annual Report 2008 3

4 International Potato Center Annual Report 2008

International Potato Center Annual Report 2008 5

1. Dr. Peter VanderZaag5

8. Dr. Pamela K. Anderson

2. Dr. Jose Valle-Riestra

3. Dr. Alexander Boronin

9. Dr. Pauline Kuzwayo (Vice-Chair)

6. Mr. James Godfrey1

12. Dr. G. Edward Schuh2

7. Dr. Song Jian

13. Dr. Juan Risi4

6 International Potato Center Annual Report 2008

International Potato Center Annual Report 2008 7

8 International Potato Center Annual Report 2008

Towards certified seed of

The fastest spreading

Producing the best

International Potato Center Annual Report 2008 9

10 International Potato Center Annual Report 2008

Potato varieties bred

This is an important milestone.

International Potato Center Annual Report 2008 11

variety released by Perus

12 International Potato Center Annual Report 2008

diseases, which are, in turn,

early 1960s, with production

not only to expand, but more

International Potato Center Annual Report 2008 13

quality planting material is one

14 International Potato Center Annual Report 2008

their incomes and therefore

limited to traits that show up

Indeed, these and other

International Potato Center Annual Report 2008 15

16 International Potato Center Annual Report 2008

Chinese farmers are

Research Institute, the Wumeng

north latitude, in different agroecological regions.

Basadre Grohmann, Peru. Results

rainfall from 300 to 400 mm

Left: Tacna tolerates

Right: Average yields

International Potato Center Annual Report 2008 17

the best of all

18 International Potato Center Annual Report 2008

For several years CIP

The availability of these

were encouraged to follow

their investment of 72 percent.

also offers a higher return on

International Potato Center Annual Report 2008 19

Potato fields in the

1336 m asl to 2350 m asl in

20 International Potato Center Annual Report 2008

ongoing and seed production

Going to scale with

Farmers willing to pay