DSA 152 Manual

DSA 152 INSPECTION CARD MANUAL
A GUIDE FOR COMPLETING THE

PROJECT INSPECTION CARD DSA 152
ISSUED 5/1/2013
REVISED 6/1/2013
REVISED 10/8/2013
Authors:
Ryan Huxley, Senior Structural Engineer
Tom Burke, Fire & Life Safety Officer
James Schaible, Senior Architect
DIVISION OF THE STATE ARCHITECT
DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE.............................................................................................. 1
1 ADMINISTRATION ............................................................................. 4
1.1 Project Inspection Card (IC) Correlation Matrix .......................................... 5
1.2 Jobsite Documents........................................................................................ 32
1.2.1 Required Prior to Construction ................................................................... 32
1.2.2 Required During Construction .................................................................... 32
1.2.2.1 Deferred Submittals ................................................................................. 35
1.2.2.2 Construction Change Documents, Type A ................................................ 35
1.2.2.3 Notice of Deviations/Resolution of Deviations........................................... 36
1.2.2.4 Interim Verified Reports ........................................................................... 36
1.2.3 Required After Construction Completion ................................................... 37
1.2.4 Codes and Referenced Standards .............................................................. 38
1.3 Proprietary Products ..................................................................................... 40

1.4 DSA Links ....................................................................................................... 42
2 STRUCTURAL SAFETY INSPECTION ITEMS ................................ 43

2.1 Soils ................................................................................................................. 45
2.1.1 Grading ........................................................................................................ 45
2.1.1.1 Site .......................................................................................................... 45
2.1.1.2 Building Pad ............................................................................................ 49
2.1.1.3 Underground Utilities ............................................................................... 50
2.1.2 Soil Remediation.......................................................................................... 52
2.1.2.1 Clay ......................................................................................................... 53
2.1.2.2 Soil Densification ..................................................................................... 53
2.1.2.3 Stone Columns ........................................................................................ 53
2.1.3 Earth Retaining Structures .......................................................................... 53
2.1.3.1 Segmental Retaining Walls ...................................................................... 54
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
2.1.3.2 Masonry Retaining Wall ........................................................................... 57
2.1.3.3 Concrete Retaining Wall .......................................................................... 58
2.1.4 Anchors........................................................................................................ 58
2.1.4.1 Soil Nails ................................................................................................. 59
2.1.4.2 Tie Backs................................................................................................. 59
2.1.4.3 Prestressed Rock and Soil Foundation Anchors ....................................... 59
2.2 Foundation Systems ..................................................................................... 62

2.2.1 Shallow Foundations ................................................................................... 62
2.2.1.1 Concrete Foundations .............................................................................. 62
2.2.1.1.1 Footings ....................................................................................................................... 63
2.2.1.1.2 Concrete Grade Beams/Combined Concrete Footings ....................................... 64
2.2.1.1.3 Concrete Mat .............................................................................................................. 64
2.2.1.1.4 Pile Caps ..................................................................................................................... 64
2.2.2 Deep Foundations ....................................................................................... 64

2.2.2.1 Driven Deep Foundations (Piles) .............................................................. 65
2.2.2.1.1 Steel Piles ................................................................................................................... 67
2.2.2.1.1.1 Helical Piles.......................................................................................................... 67
2.2.2.1.2 Composite Steel Piles ............................................................................................... 68
2.2.2.1.3 Concrete Piles ............................................................................................................ 68
2.2.2.1.3.1 Concrete Filled Piles........................................................................................... 68
2.2.2.1.3.2 Prestressed Piles ................................................................................................ 68
2.2.2.1.3.3 Precast .................................................................................................................. 68
2.2.2.2 Cast-In-Place Deep Foundations (Piers) .................................................. 69

2.2.2.3 Micropiles ................................................................................................ 71
2.2.2.4 Compacted Aggregate Piers/Rammed Aggregate Piers/Vibro Stone
Columns .............................................................................................................. 72
2.3 Gravity Framing Systems ............................................................................. 74

2.3.1 Concrete....................................................................................................... 74
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete ................................................................... 74
2.3.1.2 Prestressed/Post-tension Concrete .......................................................... 83
2.3.1.3 Precast Concrete ..................................................................................... 84
2.3.1.4 Concrete Walls ........................................................................................ 85
2.3.1.4.1 CIP................................................................................................................................ 85
2.3.1.4.2 Tilt-up ........................................................................................................................... 85
2.3.1.4.3 Shotcrete ..................................................................................................................... 86
2.3.1.5 Concrete Columns ................................................................................... 87

2.3.1.5.1 CIP................................................................................................................................ 87
2.3.1.5.2 Prestressed/Post-tension ......................................................................................... 87
2.3.1.5.3 Precast......................................................................................................................... 87
2.3.1.6 Concrete Beams ...................................................................................... 87

2.3.1.6.1 CIP................................................................................................................................ 87
2.3.1.6.3 Precast......................................................................................................................... 87
2.3.1.7 Concrete Floor/Roof ................................................................................. 88

2.3.1.7.1 CIP................................................................................................................................ 88
2.3.1.7.3 Precast......................................................................................................................... 88
2.3.2 Masonry ....................................................................................................... 89

2.3.2.1 Masonry Walls ......................................................................................... 95
2.3.2.2 Masonry Columns/Pilasters...................................................................... 95
2.3.2.3 Masonry Piers.......................................................................................... 95
2.3.3 Wood ............................................................................................................ 96
2.3.3.1 Walls ..................................................................................................... 112
2.3.3.2 Floor/Roof.............................................................................................. 115
2.3.4 Steel ........................................................................................................... 116
2.3.4.1 Structural Steel ...................................................................................... 116
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
2.3.4.1.1 Beams........................................................................................................................122
2.3.4.1.1.1 Composite ..........................................................................................................122
2.3.4.1.1.2 Steel Joists/Joist Girders/Trusses ..................................................................123
2.3.4.1.2 Columns ....................................................................................................................125
2.3.4.1.2.1 Composite ..........................................................................................................125
2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel ................................................................................. 125

2.3.4.2.1 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction .....................................................130
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls....................................................................................................................132
2.3.4.2.2 Floor/Roof..................................................................................................................135
2.3.4.2.2.1 Studs, Joists, Rafters, Trusses .......................................................................135
2.3.4.2.2.2 Steel Deck ..........................................................................................................136
2.4 Lateral Force Resisting Systems .............................................................. 140

2.4.1 Concrete..................................................................................................... 140
2.4.1.1 Special Reinforced Shear Wall ............................................................... 140
2.4.1.2 Intermediate Precast Shear Wall ............................................................ 141
2.4.1.3 Special Reinforced Moment Frame ........................................................ 141
2.4.2 Masonry ..................................................................................................... 141
2.4.2.1 Special Reinforced Shear Wall ............................................................... 141
2.4.3 Wood .......................................................................................................... 142
2.4.3.1 Wood Structural Panel ........................................................................... 142
2.4.3.1.1 Light Wood Framing ................................................................................................142
2.4.3.1.2 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction .....................................................148
2.4.4 Steel ........................................................................................................... 148

2.4.4.1 Structural Steel ...................................................................................... 148
2.4.4.1.1 Moment Frame .........................................................................................................149
2.4.4.1.1.1 Special Moment Frame (SMF) ........................................................................151
2.4.4.1.1.2 Intermediate Moment Frame (IMF) ................................................................154
2.4.4.1.1.3 Ordinary Moment Frame (OMF) .....................................................................154
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
2.4.4.1.1.4 Special Truss Moment Frame (STMF) ..........................................................154
2.4.4.1.2 Braced Frame ...........................................................................................................154
2.4.4.1.2.1 Special Concentric Braced Frame (SCBF) ...................................................155
2.4.4.1.2.2 Ordinary Concentric Braced Frame (OCBF) ................................................156
2.4.4.1.2.3 Eccentric Braced Frame (EBF) .......................................................................156
2.4.4.1.2.4 Buckling Restrained Braced Frame (BRBF) .................................................156
2.4.4.1.3 Special Plate Shear Wall (SPSW).........................................................................156
2.4.4.1.4 Cantilever Column Systems ...................................................................................156
2.4.4.2 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction ......................................... 156

2.4.4.2.1 Steel Sheet ...............................................................................................................157
2.4.4.2.2 Steel Flat Strap Bracing ..........................................................................................158
2.5 Non-Structural Component Support/Bracing/Anchorage ..................... 159

2.5.1 Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing Equipment ............................................. 159
2.5.1.1 Floor/Roof Mounted ............................................................................... 160
2.5.1.2 Wall Mounted......................................................................................... 160
2.5.1.3 Suspended/Hung ................................................................................... 160
2.5.2 Architectural Items .................................................................................... 161
2.5.2.1 Walls ..................................................................................................... 161
2.5.2.1.1 Interior........................................................................................................................161
2.5.2.1.1.1 Casework/Lockers ............................................................................................161
2.5.2.1.1.2 Glass Panel Railing ..........................................................................................162
2.5.2.1.2 Exterior ......................................................................................................................162
2.5.2.1.2.1 Veneer OR Glass Block ...................................................................................162
2.5.2.1.2.2 Screen Walls ......................................................................................................163
2.5.2.1.2.3 Casework/Lockers ............................................................................................163
2.5.2.2 Floors .................................................................................................... 164

2.5.2.2.1 Computer Access Floors ........................................................................................164
2.5.2.3 Ceilings ................................................................................................. 164

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
2.5.2.3.1 Metal Suspension Systems for Lay-In Panel Ceilings .......................................164
2.5.2.3.2 Soffits .........................................................................................................................164
2.5.2.4 Roofs ..................................................................................................... 167

2.5.2.4.1 Roof Tile ....................................................................................................................167
2.5.2.4.2 Standing Seam Roofing ..........................................................................................167
2.5.2.4.3 Solar Photovoltaic and Thermal Systems ............................................................168
2.6 Non-Structural Requirements .................................................................... 169

2.6.1 Weather Protection .................................................................................... 169
2.6.1.1 Roofing .................................................................................................. 169
2.6.1.2 Exterior Walls ........................................................................................ 171
2.6.1.3 Ventilation.............................................................................................. 172
2.7 Specialty Structures and Items ................................................................. 174

2.7.1 Steel Storage Racks .................................................................................. 174
2.7.2 Walk-In Freezers and Cold Storage Boxes ............................................... 175
2.7.3 Remotely Fabricated Structures or Structural Elements ......................... 175
2.7.3.1 Elevators ............................................................................................... 176
2.7.3.2 Relocatable Buildings ............................................................................ 176
2.7.3.2.1 Single Story Buildings .............................................................................................177
2.7.3.2.2 Multi-Level Buildings ...............................................................................................177
2.7.3.3 Reviews Stands, Grandstands, and Bleachers ....................................... 177

2.7.4 Wind Turbines............................................................................................ 177
3 FIRE/LIFE SAFETY INSPECTION ITEMS ..................................... 178

3.1 Site Issues .................................................................................................... 179
3.2 General Building Characteristics .............................................................. 181
3.2.1 Use/Occupancy.......................................................................................... 181
3.2.2 Type of construction ................................................................................. 183
3.2.3 Setbacks and Yards ................................................................................... 184
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3.3 Fire/Smoke Protection ................................................................................ 185
3.3.1 Fire/Smoke Alarms .................................................................................... 185
3.3.2 Automatic Fire Suppression Systems ...................................................... 187
3.3.3 Other Extinguishing Systems ................................................................... 194
3.3.4 Smoke Control Systems ............................................................................ 196
3.3.5 Fire-Rated Assemblies .............................................................................. 197
3.3.5.1 Walls ..................................................................................................... 197
3.3.5.2 Horizontal Projections ............................................................................ 199
3.3.5.3 Horizontal Assemblies Floor/Ceiling and Roof/Ceiling.......................... 200
3.3.5.4 Shaft Enclosures.................................................................................... 201
3.3.5.4.1 Elevators....................................................................................................................202
3.3.5.5 Penetrations of Assemblies .................................................................... 204

3.3.5.6 Openings in Rated Assemblies (Opening Protectives) ............................ 205
3.3.6 Fire Proofing of Structural Members ........................................................ 207
3.3.7 Concealed Spaces ..................................................................................... 208
3.4 Hazardous Materials.................................................................................... 210

3.5 Means of Egress .......................................................................................... 212
3.5.1
Fire/Smoke Protection of Means of Egress ........................................... 212
4 ACCESS COMPLIANCE INSPECTION ITEMS ............................. 216

4.1 Site ................................................................................................................. 218
4.1.1 Parking ....................................................................................................... 219
4.1.2 Signage ...................................................................................................... 219
4.1.3 Walks.......................................................................................................... 220
4.1.4 Curb Ramps ............................................................................................... 221
4.1.5 Ramps and Landings................................................................................. 221
4.1.6 Stairs and Landings................................................................................... 222
4.1.7 Gates .......................................................................................................... 223
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.2 Building ......................................................................................................... 224
4.2.1 Signage ...................................................................................................... 224
4.2.2 Hallways, Corridors, Vestibules ................................................................ 225
4.2.3 Ramps and Landings................................................................................. 225
4.2.4 Stairs and Landings................................................................................... 226
4.2.5 Elevators and Lifts..................................................................................... 226
4.2.6 Doors and Hardware .................................................................................. 227
4.2.7 Plumbing Fixtures ..................................................................................... 228
4.2.7.1 Drinking Fountains ................................................................................. 229
4.2.8 Cabinets and Counters .............................................................................. 229
4.2.9 Alarms and Fire Extinguishers.................................................................. 230
4.2.10 Public Telephones ................................................................................... 231
4.2.11 Restrooms................................................................................................ 232
4.2.11.1 Water Closet and Water Closet Compartments .................................... 232
4.2.11.2 Grab Bars ............................................................................................ 233
4.2.11.3 Accessories ......................................................................................... 233
4.2.11.4 Lavatories ............................................................................................ 234
4.2.11.5 Urinals ................................................................................................. 234
4.2.11.6 Showers and Locker Areas .................................................................. 235
5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS .................... 236

5.1 Mechanical.................................................................................................... 241
5.2 Plumbing (Including Wet-Side Mechanical)............................................. 250
5.3 Gas ................................................................................................................. 255
5.4 Electrical ....................................................................................................... 257
5.4.1 Emergency and Standby Power Systems................................................. 265
5.5 Signal............................................................................................................. 267
APPENDIX A DSA 103 CORRELATION MATRIX ......................... 268

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPENDIX B REFERENCED DSA FORMS .................................. 313
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2-1: Sand Cone ............................................................................................................................ 48
Figure 2-2: Nuclear Density Gage ......................................................................................................... 49
Figure 2-3: Improper Trench Location Due To Column Footing Proximity ..................................... 51
Figure 2-4: Commonly Specified Pipe and Trench Locations At Or Near Footings ...................... 51
Figure 2-5: Adjacent Footings Having Different Depths .................................................................... 62
Figure 2-6: Pipe Through/Below Footing.............................................................................................. 63
Figure 2-7: Damaged Reinforcement From Gradi ng Operations ..................................................... 71
Figure 2-8: Slump Test ............................................................................................................................ 75
Figure 2-9: Proper Concrete Cylinder Storage .................................................................................... 76
Figure 2-10: Improper Storage of Concrete Cylinders ....................................................................... 76
Figure 2-11: Example of a Common Pull Test Apparatus ................................................................. 76
Figure 2-12: Lack of Tight Formwork; Wood Stake in Concrete Problems .................................... 78
Figure 2-13: Common Conduit and Anchor Bolt Problems ............................................................... 80
Figure 2-14: Extreme Reinforcing Congestion .................................................................................... 81
Figure 2-15: Poor Consolidation and Honeycomb Problems ............................................................ 81
Figure 2-16: Poor Consolidation & Ensuing Repairs .......................................................................... 82
Figure 2-17: Poor Layout for Chord Steel Connection ....................................................................... 85
Figure 2-18: Verify Weld Lengths Per Requirements......................................................................... 85
Figure 2-19: Coordination Problems in Masonry for Conduits/Pipes............................................... 93
Figure 2-20: CMU Clearance at Bolt ..................................................................................................... 93
Figure 2-21: Cleanouts at Bottoms of Cells ......................................................................................... 94
Figure 2-22: Lacking Full Head Joint; Mortar Fins Excessive ........................................................... 94
Figure 2-23: Incorrect Out-Of-Plane Strap Placement ....................................................................... 95
Figure 2-24: Congested Reinforcing in Masonry ................................................................................ 95
Figure 2-25: PT Label and explanation of labeling ............................................................................. 96
Figure 2-26: Visually Graded Framing Grade Stamp Example ........................................................ 97
Figure 2-27: MSR/MEL Grade Stamp Example .................................................................................. 97
Figure 2-28: SCL Markings Example .................................................................................................... 98
Figure 2-29: Glulam Special Inspection Stamp Example .................................................................. 98
Figure 2-30: Example Wood Structural Panel Grade Stamp ..........................................................100
Figure 2-31: Moisture Meter .................................................................................................................101
Figure 2-32: Unacceptable Notching ..................................................................................................101
Figure 2-33: Improper Hanger Installation .........................................................................................106
Figure 2-34: Commonly Specified Bolt Placement Dimensions .....................................................108
Figure 2-35: Commonly Specified Pre-Drilling for Lag Screw ........................................................110
Figure 2-36: Toe Nailing Installation ...................................................................................................112
Figure 2-37: Improper Oversized A.B. Hole.......................................................................................113
Figure 2-38: Common Sill Plate Construction Problems .................................................................113
Figure 2-39: Improper HSB Storage ...................................................................................................121
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2-40: Skidmore / Wilhelm Machine .........................................................................................121
Figure 2-41: Twist-Off Type Tension Control Bolts ..........................................................................121
Figure 2-42: Improperly Match Marked/Torqued ..............................................................................121
Figure 2-43: Steel Joist Bridging..........................................................................................................124
Figure 2-44: Field Splice of Steel Joists .............................................................................................125
Figure 2-45: Oversized Torch Cut Hole ..............................................................................................129
Figure 2-46: Example of Corrosion Protection at Welded Studs ....................................................132
Figure 2-47: Single Jamb Supporting Header Insufficient - Multi-Stud Jamb Incorrect Location
....................................................................................................................................................................133
Figure 2-48: Incorrect Gap for Stud Bearing ......................................................................................134
Figure 2-49: Additional Top Seam Weld Due To Burn-Through ....................................................137
Figure 2-50: Good Deck Button Punch...............................................................................................137
Figure 2-51: Skewed Deck Edge Modifies Perimeter Welding Requirements .............................138
Figure 2-52: Concrete Deck Insert ......................................................................................................139
Figure 2-53: Conduit Causes Problems for Composite Action .......................................................139
Figure 2-54: Steel Reinforcing Mechanical Splices ..........................................................................140
Figure 2-55: Special A.B. Washer Plate Placement Requirements ...............................................145
Figure 2-56: Top Plate Splice Connection Problems .......................................................................145
Figure 2-57: Hold-Down Construction Problems ..............................................................................146
Figure 2-58: Wind Uplift Commonly Specified Nail Edge Distances at Wood Structural Panel
....................................................................................................................................................................147
Figure 2-59: NDT Special Inspector Markings ..................................................................................149
Figure 2-60: Erection Bolt Closing HSS Gap .....................................................................................155
Figure 2-61: Concrete Slab at Gusset Plate ......................................................................................155
Figure 2-62: Pendant Lights Missing Safety Cables ........................................................................160
Figure 2-63: Soffit Framing at Ducts and Primary Framing .............................................................165
Figure 2-64: Example of Soffit Bracing ...............................................................................................166
Figure 2-65: Thermal System...............................................................................................................168
Figure 2-66: Water Damage to Roof Framing ...................................................................................169
Figure 2-67: Attic Ventilation Holes .....................................................................................................172
Figure 2-68: Enclosed Rafter Space Ventilation Holes at Ridge ....................................................173
Figure 3-1: Rejected Sprinkler Pipe Due To Separation At Welds ................................................189
Figure 3-2: Examples of Fire/Smoke Rated Wall Identification ......................................................199
Figure 3-3: Fire Blocking At Floor Level & Curtain Wall ..................................................................201
Figure 4-1: Path Of Travel at Site Missing Items ...........................................................................218
Figure 4-2: Example Parking Signage ................................................................................................219
Figure 4-3: Incorrect Grating Type ......................................................................................................220
Figure 4-4: Curb Ramp Examples .......................................................................................................221
Figure 4-5: Gates ...................................................................................................................................223
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 4-6: Example of Stair and Directional Signage .....................................................................224
Figure 4-7: Example of Restroom Signage ........................................................................................224
Figure 4-8: Elevator In-Car Controls ...................................................................................................226
Figure 4-9: Door Handles......................................................................................................................228
Figure 4-10: "Convenience" Drinking Fountain Causing Accessibility Violations ........................229
Figure 4-11: Drinking Fountains ..........................................................................................................229
Figure 4-12: Example Accessible Lab Equipment ............................................................................230
Figure 4-13: Example of Visual Fire Alarm ........................................................................................231
Figure 4-14: Example Measurement of Maneuvering Clearances .................................................232
Figure 4-15: Example Measurement of Water Closet Centerline From Adjacent Wall...............233
Figure 4-16: Example Measurement of Lavatory Rim Height .........................................................234
Figure 4-17: Example Measurement of Lavatory Centerline From Adjacent Wall ......................234
Figure 4-18: Various Accessible Locker Types .................................................................................235
Figure 5-1: Improper Piping Location at AC Switch..........................................................................237
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-1: Project Inspection Card Correlation Matrix ....................................................................... 31
Table 2-1: AWPA Use Categories and Brief Description.................................................................102
Table 2-2: Standard Hex Bolt Dimensions .........................................................................................107
Table 2-3: Dimensions for Standard Hex Lag Screws .....................................................................110
Table 2-4: Dimensions for Standard Wood Screws..........................................................................111
Table 2-5: Minimum Nail Dimensions .................................................................................................112
Table 2-6: Standard Cut Washer Dimensions ...................................................................................144
Table 3-1: CBC Table 508.2.5 - Incidental Accessory Occupancies - Required Separations....182
Table 3-2: CBC Table 508.4 - Occupancy Separation Requirements...........................................183
Table 3-3: CBC Table 601 - Fire Rating Requirements for Building Elements ............................184
Table 3-4: CBC Table 707.3.9 - Fire Barrier Ratings .......................................................................197
Table 3-5: CBC Table 706.4 - Fire Wall Ratings Based on Occupancy........................................197
Table 3-6: CBC Table 602 - Exterior Wall Fire Rating Requirements ...........................................198
Table A0-1: DSA 103 Correlation Matrix ............................................................................................312
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PREFACE
PAGE 1 OF 329
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PREFACE
This manual provides detailed descriptions of documentation and inspection requirements to
properly fill in the DSA 152 Project Inspection Card (IC). Proper inspection of construction work
is a crucial component in the Division of the State Architect (DSA) certification process that
ensures compliance with the DSA approved construction documents. Project inspectors play a
significant role in construction inspection. Duties and responsibilities for inspectors and others
involved in the construction process for projects under DSA jurisdiction are outlined in California
Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 1. Procedure PR 13-01 provides specific required duties of
the project inspector and others with respect to relevant portions of Title 24, Part 1, and the IC.
The DSA has also issued IR A-8, which provides further performance requirements of the
project inspector. (Additional information regarding construction phase duties for others involved
in the construction process is provided in IR A-24.) For projects in which an assistant inspector
is deemed necessary, refer to IR A-7 and IR A-12 for additional information and inspector
approval requirements.
Construction projects under DSA jurisdiction require constant inspection of construction. To
facilitate proper inspection and documentation for DSA construction projects, the DSA requires
the use of the IC, similar in nature to many building department building inspection cards. The
definitions provided in PR 13-01 apply to this document.
Broadly speaking, building construction inspection entails: 1) building component verification,
and 2) building component installation verification, both in accordance with the DSA approved
construction documents. Building component verification ensures that the proper specified
component is used in construction. Building component installation verification ensures that the
specified component is properly installed. These lead to two categorical elements that are
required prior to initialing the sections and blocks on the IC for a given building or site:
I. Receipt of documentation for constructed elements, including:
I.A. Material/structural tests
I.B. Special inspections or other observations
II. Inspection of items associated with constructed elements.
This document provides a detailed list of those documentation and inspection items based on
the different DSA review disciplines of Structural Safety, Fire/Life Safety, and Accessibility. An
additional category, Other Building Systems, is also provided, which captures other necessary
inspections to ensure proper building functioning. All of these are broken up further into specific
inspection areas frequently associated with construction projects under DSA jurisdiction. Based
on the particular applicable elements for a given project, all of the applicable documentation
items shall be collected and all applicable inspections listed shall be made by the project
inspector.
PAGE 2 OF 329
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PREFACE
If construction does not comply with the approved construction documents, DSA may issue a
Stop Work Order, or similar type of action, to halt work on the construction (IR A-13).
Improper inspection or inspection related documentation can lead to rescinding of a project
inspectors certification (IR A-7).
Authors
This manual was authored and compiled by Ryan Huxley, Senior Structural Engineer, with
contributions from Tom Burke, Fire& Life Safety Officer, for the Fire/Life Safety Inspection Items
and James Schaible, Senior Architect, for the Access Compliance Inspection Items.
Direct any correspondence related to improving this manual to Ryan.Huxley@dgs.ca.gov.
PAGE 3 OF 329
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1 ADMINISTRATION
PAGE 4 OF 329
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ADMINISTRATION
1.1 Project Inspection Card (IC) Correlation Matrix
The information that follows in the correlation matrix provides a link between the sign-off blocks
in the IC and the documentation and inspection items in this manual. Prior to the project
inspector initialing any of the IC blocks, the documentation and inspections associated with the
topics listed in the correlation matrix must be received and occur, respectively.
The following provides a summary of typical construction components and systems that are
associated with each section/block in the IC. While the listing is not comprehensive, it provides
a good foundation for understanding of and consistency in the use of the IC.
Section 1 Initial Site Work and Foundation Prep

Block 1 Mass Grading:
Block 2 Building Pad:
Rough Grading of Overall Site

Cuts/Fills
Soil Remediation
Soil Stabilization
Soil Nails, Tie Backs, Rock/Soil
Anchors
Horizontal/Vertical Controls
Block 3 Drainage Devices:
Soil Preparation Specific to Support of

Structures
Building Pad
Soil Remediation
Soil Densification
Stone Columns
Block 4 Utilities:
Storm Water Collection/Distribution

systems
On-Site Retention Systems
Foundation Drain systems
Retaining Wall Drain Systems
Block 5 Excavations:
FLS Utilities/Systems
MEP Utilities/Systems
MEP Vaults
Thrust Blocks
Block 6 Forms:
Foundation Systems
Driven Piles
Formwork
FLS Systems
MEP Systems
Waterproofing/Vapor Barrier
Block 7 Steel Reinforcing:

Reinforcing (bars, tendons, etc.)
Embeds
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STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Section 2 - Vertical and Horizontal Framing
Block 8 Foundation Concrete:
Verify Foundation Is Compliant
(concrete 28 day strength, etc.)
Blocks 13 - 15 Concrete, Wood, Steel:
Blocks 9 - 12 Concrete, Masonry

Wood, Steel:
Walls
Columns
Frames
Floors
Roofs
Section 3 Appurtenances
Block 16 Ceilings:
Ceilings
Soffits
Suspended Baffles
Block 18 Rated Assemblies:
Walls
Shafts
Floors
Roofs
Ceilings
Doors
Fire Doors
Windows
Penetrations
Dampers
Fire-Proofing
Block 17 Exterior Cladding:
Storefront/Window Walls
Veneer
Precast Concrete Panels
Wall Finishes
(stucco/plaster/wood/aluminum/etc.)
Manufactured Systems (EFIS, GRFC,
etc.)
Block 19 Fire Alarms:
Fire/Smoke Alarm System (includes
support, anchorage, bracing, etc.)
Block 20 Automatic Fire Suppression
Systems:
Sprinklers
Chemical
Deluge
Water Curtains
Extinguishers
Support/Bracing/Anchorage of AFSS
PAGE 6 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
Block 21 MEP (Structural):
Block 22 MEP (FLS):

MEP Fire Suppression Systems
(smoke and fire dampers)
Kitchen Hoods
Laboratory Hoods
Dust Collection Systems
Smoke Control Systems
Support/Bracing/Anchorage for:
MEP
Equipment
HVAC System
Ducts
Electrical
Pendant Lights
Transformers
Switch Gears
IDF/MDF/etc.
Pipes
Tanks
Section 4 Finish Site Work and Other Work

Block 23 Fine Grading:
Block 24 Flatwork:
Finish Grades
Grading for Accessible POT System
Grading for Run-off (drainage)
Block 25 Parking:
Block 26 Fire Lane:

Fire Lane
Drop-off
Accessible parking
Stripping
Signage
Truncated Domes
Block 27 Other Work Structural:

Support/Bracing/Anchorage for:
Theater Systems (stage rigging,
catwalks, speaker, lighting, curtains,
etc)
Non-bearing partitions
Operable partitions
Casework
Stairs
Elevators
Weather Protection
Accessible Path of Travel Systems such as:

Stairs
Ramps
Walks
Gates
Block 28 Other Work Fire Life Safety:
Egress Components
Doors
Gates
Emergency Lighting
Building Signage
Site Signage
Elevators
Hazardous Materials
PAGE 7 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
Block 29 Other Work Accessibility:
Building Signage
Site Signage
Drinking Fountains
Accessible POT Systems
Stairs
Ramps
Walks
Doors
Gates
Elevator
Specialty Areas (restrooms, kitchens, casework, etc)
Note that due to the nature of the items listed in the correlation matrix and extent over which
they apply during construction, some items occur in multiple locations in the matrix. For
example, in a concrete building, some of the same concrete sections in this manual apply to the
foundation as well as the vertical and horizontal framing. In each case, while the type of
documentation and inspections are similar, they are particular to the specific stage of
construction occurring.
For projects consisting of large buildings with multiple phases, some method of
acknowledgement for incremental inspection verification at certain locations within the building
may be necessary, even though construction is not yet complete. How this is accomplished is
left to the agreements made between individuals involved with the construction, observation,
and inspection of the project. One possible method to address this issue is to use a copy of the
approved construction documents for identification of specific areas that have been inspected,
thereby allowing construction to progress in desired areas. It is important to note that the IC
should not be initialed until all construction associated with a particular inspection item is
complete.
There are abbreviations used in the correlation matrix, which are described below:
Comp. Cat.: Compliance Category
A: Administration
SS: Structural Safety Inspection Items
FLS: Fire/Life Safety Inspection Items
ACS: Access Compliance Inspection Items
PAGE 8 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Mass Grading
Building Pad
Block
Section 1 Initial Site Work and Foundation Prep
Section
Project Inspection Card Correlation Matrix

Comp.
DSA 152 Manual Section
Cat.
1.2 Jobsite Documents on page 32
1.2.1 Required Prior to Construction on page 32
1.2.2 Required During Construction on page 32
1.2.2.1 Deferred Submittals on page 35
1.2.2.2 Construction Change Documents, Type A on page 35
A
1.2.2.3 Notice of Deviations/Resolution of Deviations on page
36
1.2.2.4 Interim Verified Reports on page 36
1.2.3 Required After Construction Completion on page 37
1.2.4 Codes and Referenced Standards on page 38
1.3 Proprietary Products on page 40
2.1 Soils on page 45
2.1.1 Grading on page 45
2.1.1.1 Site on page 45
2.1.2 Soil Remediation on page 52
SS
2.1.4 Anchors on page 58
2.1.4.1 Soil Nails on page 59
2.1.4.2 Tie Backs on page 59
2.1.4.3 Prestressed Rock and Soil Foundation Anchors on page
59
FLS ACS 1.2 Jobsite Documents on page 32
A
36
2.1.1.2 Building Pad on page 49
2.1.1.3 Underground Utilities on page 50
SS
2.1.2 Soil Remediation on page 52
2.1.2.1 Clay on page 53
2.1.2.2 Soil Densification on page 53
2.1.2.3 Stone Columns on page 53
FLS -
PAGE 9 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Drainage Devices
Utilities
Block
Section

Comp.
Cat.
3.2.3 Setbacks and Yards on page 184
ACS 1.2 Jobsite Documents on page 32
A
36
SS
2.1.3 Earth Retaining Structures on page 53
2.1.3.1 Segmental Retaining Walls on page 54
2.1.3.2 Masonry Retaining Wall on page 57
2.1.3.3 Concrete Retaining Wall on page 58
A
36
2.2.1.1 Concrete Foundations on page 62
SS
5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS on page
236
5.2 Plumbing (Including Wet-Side Mechanical) on page 250
PAGE 10 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Excavations
Block
Section

Comp.
Cat.
5.3 Gas on page 255
5.4 Electrical on page 257
5.5 Signal on page 267
3.1 Site Issues on page 179
FLS
3.3.2 Automatic Fire Suppression Systems on page 187
A
36
2.2 Foundation Systems on page 62
2.2.1 Shallow Foundations on page 62
2.2.1.1.1 Footings on page 63
2.2.1.1.2 Concrete Grade Beams/Combined Concrete Footings
on page 64
2.2.1.1.3 Concrete Mat on page 64
2.2.1.1.4 Pile Caps on page 64
2.2.2 Deep Foundations on page 64
2.2.2.1 Driven Deep Foundations (Piles) on page 65
2.2.2.1.1 Steel Piles on page 67
SS
2.2.2.1.1.1 Helical Piles on page 67
2.2.2.1.2 Composite Steel Piles on page 68
2.2.2.1.3 Concrete Piles on page 68
2.2.2.1.3.1 Concrete Filled Piles on page 68
2.2.2.1.3.2 Prestressed Piles on page 68
2.2.2.1.3.3 Precast on page 68
2.2.2.2 Cast-In-Place Deep Foundations (Piers) on page 69
2.2.2.3 Micropiles on page 71
2.2.2.4 Compacted Aggregate Piers/Rammed Aggregate
Piers/Vibro Stone Columns on page 72
236
PAGE 11 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Forms
Block
Section

Comp.
Cat.
5.3 Gas on page 255
FLS
A
36
on page 64
SS
236
5.3 Gas on page 255
FLS
ACS -
PAGE 12 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Steel Reinforcement
Foundation Concrete
Block
Section 2 - Vertical and

Horizontal Framing
Section

Comp.
Cat.
A
36
on page 64
SS
2.2.2.1.3.3 Precast on page 68,
A
36
PAGE 13 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Concrete
Block
Section

Comp.
Cat.
on page 64
SS
2.2.2.1.3.3 Precast on page 68,
A
36
PAGE 14 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Section
Block

Comp.
Cat.
2.3.1 Concrete on page 74
2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74
2.3.1.2 Prestressed/Post-tension Concrete on page 83
2.3.1.3 Precast Concrete on page 84
2.3.1.4 Concrete Walls on page 85
2.3.1.4.2 Tilt-up on page 85
2.3.1.4.3 Shotcrete on page 86
2.3.1.5 Concrete Columns on page 87
2.3.1.5.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.5.2 Prestressed/Post-tension on page 87
2.3.1.5.3 Precast on page 87
SS
2.4 Lateral Force Resisting Systems on page 140
2.4.1.1 Special Reinforced Shear Wall on page 140
2.4.1.2 Intermediate Precast Shear Wall on page 141
2.4.1.3 Special Reinforced Moment Frame on page 141
2.5.2.1 Walls on page 161
2.5.2.1.1 Interior on page 161
2.7.3.2 Relocatable Buildings on page 176
2.7.3.2.1 Single Story Buildings on page 177
2.7.3.2.2 Multi-Level Buildings on page 177
Refer to applicable items in Block 17 & 18.
3.2 General Building Characteristics on page 181
3.2.1 Use/Occupancy on page 181
3.2.2 Type of construction on page 183
3.3 Fire/Smoke Protection on page 185
3.3.5 Fire-Rated Assemblies on page 197
3.3.5.2 Horizontal Projections on page 199
FLS 3.3.5.4 Shaft Enclosures on page 201
3.3.5.5 Penetrations of Assemblies on page 204
3.3.5.6 Openings in Rated Assemblies (Opening Protectives)
on page 205
3.3.6 Fire Proofing of Structural Members on page 207
3.3.7 Concealed Spaces on page 208
3.5 Means of Egress on page 212 3.5.1Fire/Smoke Protection
of Means of Egress on page 212
PAGE 15 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Masonry
Block
10
Section

Comp.
Cat.
4.2.2 Hallways, Corridors, Vestibules on page 225
4.2.3 Ramps and Landings on page 225
4.2.4 Stairs and Landings on page 226
ACS
4.2.6 Doors and Hardware subsection I.B on page 227
4.2.7.1 Drinking Fountains subsection I.B on page 229
4.2.8 Cabinets and Counters subsection I.B on page 230
A
36
2.3.2 Masonry on page 89
2.3.2.1 Masonry Walls on page 95
2.3.2.2 Masonry Columns/Pilasters on page 95
2.3.2.3 Masonry Piers on page 95
SS
2.4.2.1 Special Reinforced Shear Wall on page 141
FLS
3.3.5.4 Shaft Enclosures on page 201
on page 205
3.5 Means of Egress on page 212
PAGE 16 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Wood
Block
11
Section

Comp.
Cat.
3.5.1 Fire/Smoke Protection of Means of Egress on page 212
ACS
A
36
2.3.3 Wood on page 96
2.4.3.1 Wood Structural Panel on page 142
SS
2.4.3.1.1 Light Wood Framing on page 142
on page 205
PAGE 17 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Steel
Block
12
Section

Comp.
Cat.
ACS
A
36
2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116
2.3.4.1.2 Columns on page 125
2.3.4.1.2.1 Composite on page 125
2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel on page 125
2.3.4.2.1 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction on page
130
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
148
2.4.4.1.1 Moment Frame on page 149
SS
2.4.4.1.1.1 Special Moment Frame (SMF) on page 151
2.4.4.1.1.2 Intermediate Moment Frame (IMF) on page 154
2.4.4.1.1.3 Ordinary Moment Frame (OMF) on page 154
2.4.4.1.1.4 Special Truss Moment Frame (STMF) on page 154
2.4.4.1.2 Braced Frame on page 154
2.4.4.1.2.1 Special Concentric Braced Frame (SCBF) on page
155
2.4.4.1.2.2 Ordinary Concentric Braced Frame (OCBF) on page
156
2.4.4.1.2.3 Eccentric Braced Frame (EBF) on page 156
2.4.4.1.2.4 Buckling Restrained Braced Frame (BRBF) on page
156
PAGE 18 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Concrete
Block
13
Section

Comp.
Cat.
2.4.4.1.3 Special Plate Shear Wall (SPSW) on page 156
2.4.4.1.4 Cantilever Column Systems on page 156
2.4.4.2 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction on page
156
2.4.4.2.1 Steel Sheet on page 157
2.7.3.1 Elevators on page 176
2.7.3.3 Reviews Stands, Grandstands, and Bleachers on page
177
on page 205
ACS
A
PAGE 19 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Wood
Block
14
Section

Comp.
Cat.
36
2.3.1.6 Concrete Beams on page 87
2.3.1.6.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.7 Concrete Floor/Roof on page 88
2.3.1.7.1 CIP on page 88
SS
2.5.1.1 Floor/Roof Mounted on page 160
2.5.1.3 Suspended/Hung on page 160
2.5.2.2 Floors on page 164
2.5.2.2.1 Computer Access Floors on page 164
3.3.5.3 Horizontal Assemblies Floor/Ceiling and Roof/Ceiling
on page 200
FLS
on page 205
A
PAGE 20 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Steel
Block
15
Section

Comp.
Cat.
36
2.3.3.2 Floor/Roof on page 115
2.4.3.1 Wood Structural Panel on page 142
2.4.3.1.1 Light Wood Framing on page 142
SS
148
on page 200
FLS
on page 205
A
36
PAGE 21 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Section
Block

Comp.
Cat.
SS
FLS
Ceilings
16
Section 3
Appurtenances
ACS

2.3.4.1.1 Beams on page 122
2.3.4.1.1.2 Steel Joists/Joist Girders/Trusses on page 123
2.3.4.2.2 Floor/Roof on page 135
2.3.4.2.2.1 Studs, Joists, Rafters, Trusses on page 135
2.3.4.2.2.2 Steel Deck on page 136
148
2.7.1 Steel Storage Racks on page 174
2.7.2 Walk-In Freezers and Cold Storage Boxes on page 175
on page 200
on page 205
36
PAGE 22 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Section
Block

Comp.
Cat.
2.5 Non-Structural Component Support/Bracing/Anchorage on
page 159
2.5.1 Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing Equipment on page 159
2.5.2.3 Ceilings on page 164
2.5.2.3.1 Metal Suspension Systems for Lay-In Panel Ceilings
on page 164
2.5.2.3.2 Soffits on page 164
SS
236
5.1 Mechanical on page 241
5.3 Gas on page 255
3.3.1 Fire/Smoke Alarms on page 185
3.3.3 Other Extinguishing Systems on page 194
3.3.4Smoke Control Systems196
on page 200
on page 205
FLS
236
5.3 Gas on page 255
ACS -
PAGE 23 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
18
Rated
Assemb
lies
Exterior Cladding
Block
17
Section

Comp.
Cat.
A
36
2.5.2.1.2 Exterior on page 162
2.5.2.1.2.1 Veneer OR Glass Block on page 162
SS
2.5.2.1.2.2 Screen Walls on page 163
2.5.2.1.2.3 Casework/Lockers on page 163
2.5.2.4.1 Roof Tile on page 167
2.5.2.4.2 Standing Seam Roofing on page 167
on page 205
FLS 3.5 Means of Egress on page 212
236
5.3 Gas on page 255
A
PAGE 24 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
Section
Block

Comp.
Cat.
36
SS
3.3.3 Other Extinguishing Systems on page 194
3.3.4 Smoke Control Systems on page 196
3.3.5.3Horizontal Assemblies Floor/Ceiling and
Roof/Ceiling200
3.3.5.4 Shaft Enclosures on page 201
FLS 3.3.5.6 Openings in Rated Assemblies (Opening Protectives)
on page 205
OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS on
page 236
5.3 Gas on page 255
ACS -
PAGE 25 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
19
Fire Alarms
Fire Suppression
Block
20
Section

Comp.
Cat.
A
36
page 159
SS
2.5.1.2 Wall Mounted on page 160
FLS
on page 205
ACS 4.2.9 Alarms and Fire Extinguishers on page 230
A
36
page 159
SS
PAGE 26 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
M/E/P (Structural)
Block
21
Section

Comp.
Cat.
FLS
A
36
page 159
2.7.2 Walk-In Freezers and Cold Storage Boxes on page 175
SS
236
5.3 Gas on page 255
FLS 4.2.7 Plumbing Fixtures on page 228
4.2.7.1 Drinking Fountains on page 229
4.2.11 Restrooms on page 232
ACS 4.2.11.1 Water Closet and Water Closet Compartments on
page 232
4.2.11.4 Lavatories on page 234
4.2.11.5 Urinals on page 234
PAGE 27 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
22
M/E/P (FLS)
Fine Grading
Block
23
Section 4 Finish Site Work and Other

Work
Section

Comp.
Cat.
4.2.11.6 Showers and Locker Areas on page 235
A
36
SS
236
FLS 5.2 Plumbing (Including Wet-Side Mechanical) on page 250
5.3 Gas on page 255
A
36
SS
FLS 4.1 Site on page 218
4.1.3 Walks on page 220
ACS
4.1.4 Curb Ramps on page 221
PAGE 28 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
25
Parking
26
Fire
Lane
Flatwork
Block
24
Section

Comp.
Cat.
A
36
SS
FLS 4.1.3 Walks on page 220
ACS
A
36
SS
FLS 4.1.1 Parking on page 219
ACS
A
PAGE 29 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
27
Structural
FLS
Block
28
Section

Comp.
Cat.
36
SS
FLS 3.1 Site Issues on page 179
A
36
2.5.2.1.1.2 Glass Panel Railing on page 162
SS
2.5.2.1.2 Exterior on page 162
2.6.1 Weather Protection on page 169
2.6.1.1 Roofing on page 169
2.6.1.2 Exterior Walls on page 171
2.6.1.3 Ventilation on page 172
FLS 3.3.5.1 Walls on page 197
3.4 Hazardous Materials on page 210
A
PAGE 30 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
ACS
Block
29
Section

Comp.
Cat.
36
SS
3.4 Hazardous Materials on page 210
3.3.5.4.1 Elevators on page 202
FLS
4.1.2 Signage on page 219
ACS 4.1.7 Gates on page 223
4.2.1 Signage on page 224
A
36
SS
FLS ACS All of Section 4.
Table 1-1: Project Inspection Card Correlation Matrix
PAGE 31 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
1.2 Jobsite Documents
There are many documents that must be present at the jobsite during construction. The next
several subsections provide a brief list of those documents that must be on site during the
construction process.
1.2.1 Required Prior to Construction

Prior to commencement of construction work, there are several items that the inspector must
have in his or her possession at the jobsite. The items below must be present at the jobsite
throughout construction.
I. DSA approved construction documents:
I.A. Drawings/Plans
I.B. Specifications
I.C. Addenda/Revisions
I.D. DSA 103 Statement of Structural Tests and Special Inspections Form (Refer to IR
17-4 for additional clarification of structural testing and special inspection. Refer to
APPENDIX A DSA 103 CORRELATION MATRIX on page 268 for a correlation
matrix identifying the different items in the DSA 103 with the corresponding section
in this manual.)
I.E. DSA Documents Required List
I.F. Product Data Sheets for various equipment and components. There are exceptions
for products and components that are installed after primary and/or secondary
framing is in place; all product data sheets must be received prior to product
installation.
II. DSA 102-IC Construction Start Notice/Inspection Card Request
III. DSA 152 Project Inspection Card
IV. 1.2.4 Codes and Referenced Standards Refer to page 38 for required referenced
standards.
1.2.2 Required During Construction

Once construction has begun, there are documents that must present at the jobsite at all times
once they have been issued. DSA approved construction document items listed below must
be obtained prior to commencing construction for those items.
I. Material/Structural Test Documentation:
I.A. Verify laboratory of record providing material/structural testing is accepted by DSA
to provide such services. (See
https://www.apps.dgs.ca.gov/tracker/ApprovedLabs.aspx for a list of DSA approved
testing laboratories.)
PAGE 32 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
I.B. Test reports indicate if tests performed show compliance with requirements given in
the DSA construction documents. While there is no required format for test reports
(suggested formats can be found in the following forms based on the type of
material and structural test performed), the information noted in these shall be
provided (refer to APPENDIX B REFERENCED DSA FORMS on page 313 or
http://www.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/Forms.aspx for these forms):
I.B.1. DSA 201: Soil Compaction
I.B.2. DSA 202: Sieve Analysis
I.B.3. DSA 203: Tension/Bend
I.B.4. DSA 204: Compression
I.B.5. DSA 205: Concrete Masonry Unit
I.B.6. DSA 206: Anchor Load
I.B.7. DSA 207: Masonry Core Shear/Compression
I.B.8. DSA 208: High Strength Bolt
I.B.9. DSA 209: Fireproofing Density
I.B.10. DSA 210: Ultrasonic (NDT)
I.B.11. DSA 211: Additional Comments
I.C. For additional information on structural testing, refer to the following IRs (additional
information related to some of these IRs and others not shown will be provided
later in this document at appropriate locations):
I.C.1. IR A-15: Testing and Inspection of Remotely Fabricated Structural
Elements
I.C.2. IR 17-1: Sampling and Testing of Structural Materials
I.C.3. IR 17-2: Nondestructive Testing
I.C.4. IR 17-4: Basics of Structural Tests and Special Inspections
I.C.5. IR 17-5: Structural Testing Laboratory Responsibilities
I.C.6. IR 17-7: Soils and Foundations Testing and Inspection
I.C.7. IR 17-8: Sampling and Testing of High Strength Bolts, Nuts, and Washers
I.C.8. IR 17-10: Sampling, Testing and Tagging of Reinforcing Bars
II. Special Inspection Documentation:
II.A. Verify current certification for all special inspectors working on the jobsite prior to
commencing construction that requires special inspection.
II.A.1. Concrete:
II.A.1.1. Verify ACI certification for shotcrete. (See
https://www.apps.dgs.ca.gov/Tracker/InspByCategory.aspx?Id=1
0 for a list of DSA approved shotcrete special inspectors.)
II.A.2. Masonry:
II.A.2.1. Verify certification for masonry special inspectors. (See
4 for a list of DSA approved masonry special inspectors.)
II.A.3. Wood:
II.A.3.1. Verify certification for glulam special inspectors. (See
2 for a list of DSA approved glulam special inspectors.)
II.A.4. Steel:
PAGE 33 OF 329
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADMINISTRATION
II.A.4.1. Verify Structural Steel and Bolting ICC certification (S1) (refer to
IR 17-9 for additional information).
II.A.4.2. Verify American Welding Society (AWS) certified welding
inspector (CWI) or senior certified welding inspector (SCWI) for
welding inspectors (welding certification can be verified by going
to http://www.aws.org/w/a/certification/search.html).
II.A.4.2.1. AWS-CAWI (Certified Associate Welding Inspector) is
not acceptable AWS-CWI is the minimum requirement.
II.A.5. In-Plant constructed items:
II.A.5.1. Verify certification for in-plant inspectors. (See
3 for a list of DSA approved in-plant inspectors.)
II.B. Verify special inspectors have a copy of the appropriate portion of the DSA
approved construction documents. (Note: While shop drawings are often used for
fabrication, if any conflicts or uncertainties occur, the DSA approved construction
documents govern, not the design professional reviewed shop drawings.)
II.C. Special inspection reports:
II.C.1. While DSA does not have a required format, certain pieces of information
are required. Refer to DSA 250: Special Inspection Report for a suggested
general format and required content (refer to APPENDIX B
REFERENCED DSA FORMS on page 313 for forms). While special
inspections are provided by the special inspectors, oversight and
verification of such inspections by the project inspector is required. The
project inspector must become familiar with the required testing and
special inspection program for the project. For additional information
regarding special inspector duties and responsibilities, refer to IR 17-6:
Structural Special Inspector Duties and Responsibilities.
III. Project Inspector Documents
III.A. In addition to the items noted above and below, the project inspector must also
keep a job file containing various documents at the jobsite. Refer to IR A-8 and PR
13-01 for additional information.
III.B. Project Inspector Notifications (see DSA 151)
III.C. Refer to 1.2.2.3 Notice of Deviations/Resolution of Deviations on page 36 (see
DSA 154.
III.D. Completed semi-monthly reports (see DSA 155).
III.E. Additional documents required when the project inspector performs any special
inspections or aspects of structural testing:
III.E.1. Special Inspection:
III.E.1.1. The DSA 103 form provides direction for which special
inspections shall be performed by the project inspector or special
inspector. It is permitted for the project inspector to provide
special inspection if they have prior written approval by DSA.
(Refer to 1.2.3 Required After Construction Completion below for
additional required documentation related to special inspections
performed by the project inspector.)
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III.E.2. Structural Testing:
III.E.2.1. For a minor scope of work, if the project inspector provides any
sampling, protection, handling, transporting, and/or storage of
test specimens for the project (note: prior written permission by
the DSA Field Engineer is required), such tasks must be
specifically identified on the DSA 6-PI form. (See IR 17-1 for
additional information.)
IV. Other Documents
IV.A. Contractor submittals (e.g. construction schedules, design professional approved
shop drawings, certificates, product labels, concrete trip tickets, etc.).
IV.A.1. Notification to Project Inspector for the completion of construction at
appropriate phases of construction consistent with DSA 152 sections and
as indicated in PR 13-01 (see DSA 156).
IV.B. Refer to the following for additional information:
IV.B.1. 1.2.2.1 Deferred Submittals on page 35
IV.B.2. 1.2.2.2 Construction Change Documents, Type A on page 35
IV.B.3. 1.2.2.4 Interim Verified Reports on page 36.
IV.C. Proprietary Product Documents
IV.C.1. Refer to 1.3 Proprietary Products on page 40 for additional information.
V. Depending on the nature of the construction work, portions of the work may be complete
and documents associated with construction completion may be required even though
overall construction is ongoing. Refer to 1.2.3 Required After Construction Completion on
page 37 for additional information.
1.2.2.1 Deferred Submittals
A deferred submittal (DS) represents a portion of the construction that cannot be fully detailed
on the originally approved drawings because of variations in product design and manufacture.
Approval of plans for such a portion may be deferred until the material suppliers are selected.
All DS documents are listed on the DSA approved drawings. Any modifications to the
approved list of DS documents must be reviewed and approved by DSA prior to commencing
construction.
1.2.2.2 Construction Change Documents, Type A
In November 2012, a significant change occurred in the requirements for submitting and
approving construction changes to DSA approved projects. (Refer to IR A-6 and bulletin BU
12-03 for additional information.)
After a contract for the work has been let, changes to the approved construction documents
shall be made by means of Construction Change Documents (CCD). It is the responsibility of
the design professional in general responsible charge to determine if changes affect the
Structural, Access or Fire & Life Safety portions of the project. The CCD process replaces the
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need to submit change orders. Thus for projects subject to the CCD process, change orders
are not required to be submitted to DSA.
Changes to or affecting the Structural, Access or Fire-Life Safety Portions of the Project:
These changes shall be classified as CCD Category A.
CCD Category A are required to be submitted to and approved by the DSA prior to
commencement of the affected work.
CCD Category A must be submitted to the DSA using the CCD Category A form, DSA
140.
Changes not affecting the Structural Safety, Access Compliance or Fire & Life Safety portions
are classified as CCD Category B. These are not required to be submitted to the DSA unless
specifically required, in writing, by DSA.
1.2.2.3 Notice of Deviations/Resolution of Deviations
When the Project Inspector or DSA district field engineer identifies deviations from the DSA
approved construction documents the inspector must verbally notify the contractor.
(Deviations include both construction deviations and material deficiencies.) If the deviation is
not immediately corrected, the inspector is required to promptly issue a written notice of
deviation to the contractor, with a copy sent to the responsible design professional(s) and the
DSA on form DSA 154. Deviations must be resolved prior to commencement of work that will
cover up the deviant work.
When the noticed deviation is corrected, the inspector is required to promptly issue a written
notice of resolution to the contractor, with a copy sent to the responsible design professional(s)
and the DSA. The notice of resolution of deviations must be made using the original form DSA
154 that reported the deviation.
1.2.2.4 Interim Verified Reports
Prior to the Project Inspector intialing some blocks and any section of the Inspection Card
(Form DSA 152), Interim Verified Reports (IVR) are required noted in PR 13-01 and as follows:
I. Interim Verified Reports (IVR)
I.A. Architect/Engineer IVR (form DSA 6-AE):
I.A.1. Architect IVR is required for all sections.
I.A.2. Structural, electrical, mechanical engineers IVR required for any sections
containing work for which, in the plans, the engineer has affixed his/her
seal (stamped).
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I.B. Geotechnical engineer IVR (form DSA 293):
I.B.1. Geotechnical engineer IVR is required for any block and/or section relative
to geotechnical work.
I.C. In-plant inspector IVR (form DSA 6-PI)
I.C.1. For relocatable buildings constructed in the plant and being delivered to the
job site, the in-plant inspector IVR (or final verified report) is require for
each separate building for any sections affected by the siting of the
relocatable buildings.
I.D. Special inspectors IVR (form DSA 292 or DSA 291).
I.D.1. Special inspectors contracting directly and individually with the school
board IVR (form DSA 292) is required for any block or section requiring
special inspection work.
I.D.2. Special inspectors provided by the laboratory of record IVR (form DSA
291) is required for any block or section requiring special inspection work.
I.E. Laboratory of record IVR (form DSA 291).
I.E.1. Laboratory of record IVR is required for any block and/or section
containing required testing.
1.2.3 Required After Construction Completion

Once construction is complete, there are several documents that must be provided to the
project inspector, as appropriate.
I. Verified Reports(VR)
I.A. Architect/Engineer VR (form DSA 6-AE)
I.B. Contractor VR (form DSA 6-C)
I.C. Project Inspector VR (form DSA 6-PI)
I.D. Geotechnical engineer VR (form DSA 293)
I.E. Laboratory Verified Report (form DSA 291)
I.E.1. If the project inspector has performed any aspect of structural testing (e.g.
sampling, protection, handling, transporting, and/or storage of test
specimens) for the project it must be indicated in the DSA 291. Refer to IR
17-1 for additional information.
I.F. Special Inspection Verified Report (form DSA 292)
I.F.1. If the project inspector performs any special inspections not specifically
assigned to them in the DSA 103, a separate DSA 292 (in addition to the
typical DSA 6) is required for those inspections. Refer to IR 17-6 for
additional information.
I.G. Geotechnical Verified Report (form DSA 293)
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1.2.4 Codes and Referenced Standards
The following is a partial list of applicable codes that the inspector must have available at the
jobsite (many are also available online, such as the 2010 versions at
http://publicecodes.cyberregs.com/st/ca/st/CA-P-2010-000008.htm) refer to the approved
construction documents for the applicable codes and reference standards:
I. Codes:
I.A. 2013 Versions:
I.A.1. 2013 Building Standards Administrative Code, Part 1, Title 24 C.C.R.
I.B. 2010 Versions:
I.B.1. 2010 Building Standards Administrative Code, Part 1, Title 24 C.C.R.
I.B.2. 2010 California Building Code (CBC), Part 2, Title 24 C.C.R.
I.B.3. 2010 California Electrical Code (CEC), Part 3, Title 24 C.C.R.
I.B.4. 2010 California Mechanical Code (CMC) Part 4, Title 24 C.C.R.
I.B.5. 2010 California Plumbing Code (CPC), Part 5, Title 24 C.C.R.
I.B.6. 2010 California Energy Code (CEC), Part 6, Title 24 C.C.R.
The following is a list of codes and standards that the project inspector should have access to
if needed for the project:
I. Codes:
I.A. 2010 Versions:
I.A.1. 2010 California Fire Code, Part 9, Title 24 C.C.R.
I.A.2. 2010 California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen), Part 11, Title
24 C.C.R.
I.A.3. 2010 California Referenced Standards, Part 12, Title 24 C.C.R.
I.A.4. Title 19 C.C.R., Public Safety, State Fire Marshal Regulations.
II. Standards
II.A. NFPA (these standards are available online for reading only, but do require a free
registration: http://www.nfpa.org/aboutthecodes/list_of_codes_and_standards.asp;
frequently the CBC amends portions of the NFPA standards referenced below for
example, refer to 2010 CBC (SFM) Chapter 35 where noted below; additional
reference standards will be referenced later in this manual at appropriate
locations):
II.A.1. 2010 Versions:
II.A.1.1. 2010 NFPA 13 Automatic Sprinkler Systems (CA Amended)
II.A.1.2. 2007 NFPA 14 Standpipe Systems (CA Amended)
II.A.1.3. 2002 NFPA 17A Wet Chemical Systems
II.A.1.4. 2007 NFPA 20 Stationary Pumps
II.A.1.5. 2010 NFPA 24 Private Fire Mains (CA Amended)
II.A.1.6. 2010 NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm Code (CA Amended)
II.A.1.7. 2007 NFPA 80 Fire Door and Other Opening Protectives
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II.A.1.8. 2008 NFPA 2001 Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems (CA
Amended)
II.B. Structural Standards will be referenced in applicable sections later in this
document.
It is important to note that with the publication of the 2010 CBC, unlike kindergarten through
twelfth grade projects, Community Colleges now have an option for which chapters of the
building code will be the basis of design for a given project. These are primarily related to
structural items and, thus, will be discussed further in the Structural Safety Items portion of this
manual.
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1.3 Proprietary Products

Frequently, proprietary products and assemblies are specified for use on projects. These may
have an International Code Council Evaluation Service (ICC ES), Underwriters Laboratory,
Factory Mutual (FM) or some other recognized agency report which may provide proper use
and installation requirements. (Refer to IR A-5, section 3 for a listing of DSA recognized
agencies beyond those listed here.) Each of these recognized product testing groups provide
information on the reports noted, which are listed below:
ICC ES
o How to read an ICC ES report: http://www.icces.org/Evaluation_Reports/read.shtml
o Link to a searchable database of ICC ES reports: http://www.icces.org/reports/index.cfm?search=search
UL
o Quick guide on using their searchable listing database:
http://database.ul.com/cgi-bin/XYV/template/LISEXT/1FRAME/quickguide.html
o Interactive listing lookup: http://database.ul.com/cgibin/XYV/template/LISEXT/1FRAME/index.html
FM
o Approval Guide (this does require registration, but it is free):
http://www.approvalguide.com/CC_host/pages/public/custom/FM/login.cfm
When such products are used, the following documentation and inspection items apply.
I. Receipt of documentation for constructed elements
I.A. When applicable, receipt of design professional approved shop drawings.
I.B. When applicable, receipt of special inspection documentation for product
fabrication.
I.C. Products with an ICC ES report:
I.C.1. ICC ES report for the product.
I.C.2. Manufacturers product installation manual.
I.C.3. Product identification is per the ICC ES report (refer to Section 3 and 7 of
the report).
I.C.4. The intended end use and any special conditions for the products must
comply with the ICC ES report (refer to Section 2 and 5 in the ICC ES
report).
I.D. Products or assemblies with an UL listing:
I.D.1. If information is not contained on the contract documents, obtain
information from the supplier or from the online UL directory previously
noted.
I.E. Products or assemblies approved by FM:
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I.E.1. If information is not contained on the contract documents, obtain
information from the supplier or from the online FM Approval Guide
previously noted.
I.F. Products or assemblies approved by other DSA recognized agencies
I.F.1. If information is not contained in the contract documents, obtain information
from the supplier or from the referenced report.
II. Inspection of the following items:
II.A. Proprietary Products:
II.A.1. Confirm product complies with approved construction documents.
II.A.2. Proper storage and care for product.
II.A.3. Products with an ICC ES report:
II.A.3.1. Product used complies with the manufacturers and ICC ES report
installation guidelines (refer to Section 4 and 5 of the ICC ES
report). Where conflicts occur, the ICC ES report governs (refer
to Section 5 in the ICC ES report).
II.A.3.1.1. Surrounding construction complies with requirements
(i.e. ICC ES reports frequently indicate minimum
member, fastener, and/or material requirements for
products attached to the structure).
II.A.4. Products or assemblies with an UL listing:
II.A.4.1. Product used complies with UL listing requirements and be
installed as indicated in the listing.
II.A.4.1.1. Surrounding construction complies with requirements
(i.e. UL listings frequently indicate minimum member,
fastener, and/or material requirements for products
attached to the structure).
II.A.5. Products or assemblies approved by FM:
II.A.5.1. Product used complies with FM listing requirements and be
installed as indicated in the listing.
II.A.6. Products or assemblies approved by other DSA recognized agencies:
II.A.6.1. Product used complies with referenced report requirements and
be installed as indicated in the report.
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1.4 DSA Links

Throughout this document will be many links to DSA documents. The list below provides links
to the main page for each item.
DSA Publications: http://www.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/Resources/pubs.aspx
o DSAs Interpretation of Regulations Manual (Individual IRs):
http://www.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/Resources/IRManual.aspx
o DSA Bulletins: http://www.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/Resources/pubs.aspx#bulletins
o DSA Policies: http://www.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/Resources/pubs.aspx#policies
DSA Forms: http://www.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/Forms.aspx
DSA Fire / Life Safety page:
http://www.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/Programs/progProject/planreview/fls.aspx
DSA Access Compliance page: http://www.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/Programs/progAccess.aspx
DSA Certified Inspectors page:
http://www.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/Programs/programCert/inspector.aspx
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2 STRUCTURAL SAFETY INSPECTION ITEMS
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Since the passage of the Field Act in 1933, structural safety, with a seismic emphasis, has
been a primary concern in public school construction. The Division of the State Architect has
been charged with providing regulatory authority of public school and other state interest
building construction projects. A key component of the Field Act is construction oversight and
continuous inspection. Seismic performance of buildings constructed under the Field Act
requirements is often markedly better than those buildings not governed by it. One of the
reasons cited for this better performance has been the continuous inspection provided for such
projects. It is in this particular way that project inspectors play a key role.
Another item noted for better performance was the additional and, frequently, more restrictive
building code requirements applicable to projects under DSA jurisdiction. With the
development of building codes over time, many of those restrictions have eventually been
adopted by model building codes.
As noted in the ADMINISTRATION portion of this manual, Community College projects have
an option for which building code chapters apply to a particular project. The approved
construction documents will indicate which of the building code options were used. Those
options are listed below:
Compliance with the DSA-SS (regular) provisions of the Field Act per Chapters 16A,
19A, 20, 21A, 22A and 23, or
Compliance with the DSA-SS/CC provisions specifically developed for Community
Colleges per Chapters 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23.
Note that Chapter 17A and 18A and Title 24, Part 1 apply to both DSA-SS and DSA-SS/CC
projects. For the DSA-SS/CC adoption, all amendments are grouped in new sections at the
end of Chapters 16, 19, 21, and 22. For other chapters, college amendments are identified by
the [DSA-SS/CC] banner.
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2.1 Soils
In addition to the California Building Code, classification and testing of site soils are generally
governed by several referenced standards issued by the American Society for Testing and
Materials, International (ASTM; see http://www.astm.org). The primary references for
classification and testing requirements are:
Standard Test Method for Particle Size Analysis of Soils, ASTM D422
Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using
Modified Effort (56,000 ft lbf/ft3 (2,700 kN m/m3)), ASTM D1557
Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil
Classification System), ASTM D2487
Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil
Classification System), ASTM D4318
Standard Test Method for Expansion Index of Soils, ASTM D4829
Depending on the scope of a given project, testing of soils is necessary for various portions of
construction associated with the site soils. When such testing is necessary as dictated by the
construction documents, certain information must be included, depending on the type of test
that is being performed. While there are no format requirements, DSA 201: Soil Compaction
and DSA 202: Sieve Analysis provide a suggested format (see APPENDIX B REFERENCED
DSA FORMS on page 313 for forms).
While site soils inspections are generally covered by the geotechnical engineer or their
representative, oversight and verification by the project inspector of several broad categorical
items are important. As noted previously, the project inspector must become familiar with the
required testing and special inspection program for the project site and building soils related
work.
2.1.1 Grading
There are many items that must be inspected during the grading phase of a project. Those are
listed below based on their applicability to site work and building work.
2.1.1.1 Site
I. Receipt of documentation for constructed elements:
I.A. Receipt of project soils report, when part of the approved construction documents.
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I.B. Material/Structural Test Documentation:
I.B.1. Approval from geotechnical engineer or their qualified representative for
the following in the form of reports of tests performed (by DSA approved
laboratory) and/or daily special inspection reports and/or grading report:
I.B.1.1. Approval of qualification testing of fill materials.
I.B.1.2. Acceptance of fill materials used at site.
I.B.1.2.1. Where controlled low strength material (CLSM) is used as
controlled fill, refer to IR 18-1.
I.B.1.3. Compaction approval of soil.
I.B.1.4. Materials below footings are adequate to achieve the design
bearing capacity. (NOTE: This may not occur until after
foundation excavations have occurred.)
I.B.2. Upon completion of all testing, the DSA approved laboratory provides a
verified report (DSA 291).
I.C. Special Inspection Documentation:
I.C.1. Approval from geotechnical engineer or their qualified representative for
the following in the form of reports of tests performed and/or daily special
inspection reports and/or grading report (refer to IR 17-7 for additional
information regarding geotechnical engineer responsibilities and progress
report requirements):
I.C.1.1. Proper Site Preparation:
I.C.1.1.1. Clearing of all hazardous materials, such as:
I.C.1.1.1.1 Asbestos
I.C.1.1.1.2 Lead
I.C.1.1.1.3 Serpentine Rock
I.C.1.1.1.4 Gaseous Contaminated Items
I.C.1.1.2. Site has been prepared properly prior to placement of
controlled fill and/or excavations for foundations.
I.C.1.1.2.1 Drainage Devices
I.C.1.1.2.2 Shoring
I.C.1.1.3. Foundation excavations extend to proper depth and have
reached proper material.
I.C.1.1.4. Specified elevations achieved
I.C.1.2. Compaction Report - The geotechnical engineer or their qualified
representative shall indicate the following:
I.C.1.2.1. Use of proper:
I.C.1.2.1.1 Fill Materials
I.C.1.2.1.2 Lift Thicknesses
I.C.1.2.1.3 Placement
I.C.1.2.1.4 Compaction
I.C.1.2.2. Approval of compaction test of fill.
I.C.2. Upon completion of the site grading, provided there are no other soils
related items of construction, receipt of the DSA 293 Geotechnical Verified
Report is required.
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II.A. Note water table elevation, if observable.
II.B. Note condition (photograph, videotape, digital camera recommended) of off-site
and on-site improvements to remain, such as paving, curbs, gutters, and walks
before work begins.
II.C. Proper site preparation:
II.C.1. Job survey is reviewed.
II.C.1.1. Monuments and stakes are located.
II.C.1.2. Limits of work are established.
II.C.1.3. Job surveyor is on-site as specified.
II.C.1.3.1. Verify whether owner or contractor supplied surveyor.
II.C.1.3.2. Verify scope of survey work (building lines, elevations,
pad certification, etc.).
II.C.2. Removal of hazardous materials (see subsection I.C.1.1.1 above for
further information).
II.C.3. Stripping of site, preservation and depth of removal of topsoil and location
of stockpile are established.
II.C.3.1. Observe that topsoil is not contaminated with subsoil and is free
from roots, stones and other deleterious materials per
requirements.
II.C.3.1.1. Check that satisfactory materials are used and
unsuitable materials are disposed of in waste areas. Do
not allow contamination.
II.C.4. Observe removal of material and note unusual conditions.
II.C.4.1. Subsoil conditions are observed for irregularities such as soft
spots, springs, previous debris, etc.
II.C.5. Existing Items
II.C.5.1. Adjacent Property
II.C.5.1.1. Adjacent property is protected.
II.C.5.1.2. Verify whether adjacent property owner is notified as
required by work or code.
II.C.5.1.3. Shoring and underpinning is provided as specified.
II.C.5.2. Removal of any existing buildings and foundations.
II.C.5.3. Existing Vegetation
II.C.5.3.1. Any existing vegetation identified to remain is protected.
II.C.5.3.1.1 Spillage of ash, oil, slurry, etc., is prevented in
areas to be planted or near existing vegetation to
be retained.
II.C.5.3.2. Extent of grubbing and removal of stumps and matted
roots is performed as shown.
II.C.5.3.2.1 Depressions are properly filled and compacted.
II.C.5.4. Existing utility lines to remain are located, staked, and protected.
II.C.5.4.1. Observe conditions of uncovered lines.
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II.C.5.4.2. Verify that utility companies and U.S.A. (Underground
Service Alert) have been notified.
II.C.5.4.3. All lines to be removed or abandoned are property
capped.
II.C.5.4.4. If unknown lines are encountered, notify architect of the
existing lines.
II.C.6. Excavations
II.C.6.1. Excavation does not cause unusual rutting and appears adequate
for work to be performed.
II.C.6.1.1. Corrective measures are performed where overexcavation occurs.
II.C.6.1.2. Drainage is provided continuously as excavation
progresses.
II.C.6.1.2.1 Other de-watering methods such as well points
are provided.
II.C.6.1.2.2 Drainage ditches are maintained.
II.C.6.1.2.3 Ponding does not occur.
II.C.7. Fill materials and placement (any special conditions, such as requirements
in flood zones, lime treatment, soil densification, etc.).
II.C.7.1. Verify special inspector or geotechnical representative has either
a sand cone (see Figure 2-1) or nuclear density gage (see Figure
2-2) for compaction testing.
II.C.8. Specified elevations and slopes achieved.
ASTM D1556
Figure 2-1: Sand Cone
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Figure 2-2: Nuclear Density Gage
II.C.9. Best Management Practice

II.C.9.1. Contractor provides public safety methods such as protective
comers, fences, barricades, lighting, warning devices, sins, etc.,
as required.
II.C.9.2. Verify that erosion control measures are implemented in
accordance with approved plans.
II.C.9.3. Dust control is provided as required.
II.C.9.4. Deleterious material is removed from site and/or otherwise
disposed of properly.
II.C.9.5. Spillage of materials or soil on streets and sidewalks is promptly
removed for public safety.
II.C.10. Preservation of monuments and markers is observed.
II.C.10.1. Record survey of site is performed if required.
2.1.1.2 Building Pad
I.A. Receipt of project soils report, when part of the approved construction documents.
I.B.1. Refer to 2.1.1.1 Site on page 45 for documentation requirements.
I.C. Special Inspection Documentation
I.C.1.1. Refer to to 2.1.1.1 Site on page 45 for documentation
requirements.
II.A. Removal of hazardous materials (see I.C.1.1 Proper Site Preparation: above for
further information)
II.B. Proper site preparation
II.B.1. Building layout is properly established
II.B.1.1. Set-backs are observed
II.B.1.2. Batterboards and elevations are established.
II.B.2. Compacted material extends beyond foundation line as required.
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II.B.3. Excavations
II.B.3.1. Foundation excavation has adequate bracing, form clearances,
type of soil, etc.
II.B.3.1.1. Corrective measures are performed where overexcavation occurs.
II.B.3.2. Footing beds are not disturbed or softened.
II.B.3.3. Drainage
II.B.3.4. Observe methods of de-watering foundation excavations.
II.B.3.5. Methods for surface drainage are provided.
II.B.4. Fill materials and placement
II.B.5. Soil Poisoning, performed if required, uses approved method and
materials.
II.B.6. Presence of specified:
II.B.6.1. Dampproofing
II.B.6.2. Waterproofing
II.B.6.3. Drainage devices
II.B.6.4. Dampproof/Waterproof membranes are protected against
damage during backfilling operations.
2.1.1.3 Underground Utilities

In addition to the items noted below, refer to the following sections for documentation and
inspection requirements associated with underground utilities construction work:
2.1.1.1 Site on page 45.
2.1.1.2 Building Pad on page 49.
3.3.2 Automatic Fire Suppression Systems, subsection II.A on page 188.
5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS starting on page 236.
I.A. Material/Structural Test Documentation:
I.A.1. Approval from geotechnical engineer or their qualified representative for
the following in the form of reports of tests performed (by DSA approved
I.A.1.1. Approval of qualification testing of fill materials.
I.A.1.2. Acceptance of fill materials used at site.
I.A.1.2.1. Where controlled low strength material (CLSM) is used as
controlled fill, refer to IR 18-1.
I.A.1.3. Compaction approval of soil.
I.B. Special Inspection Documentation:
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I.B.1. Compaction Report - The geotechnical engineer or their qualified
I.B.1.1. Use of proper:
I.B.1.1.1. Fill Materials
I.B.1.1.2. Lift Thicknesses
I.B.1.1.3. Placement
I.B.1.1.4. Compaction
I.B.1.2. Approval of compaction test of fill.
I.B.2. Upon completion of backfilling of the utility trenches, provided there are no
other soils related items of construction, receipt of the DSA 293
Geotechnical Verified Report is required.
Figure 2-3: Improper Trench Location Due To Column

Footing Proximity
Figure 2-4: Commonly Specified Pipe and Trench
Locations At Or Near Footings
II.A. Specified placement restrictions when adjacent to or through a footing for

underground utilities (see Figure 2-3 for an example of improper trench placement
it is too close to the column footing and undermines it; refer to Figure 2-4 for an
example of commonly specified requirements for pipes and trenches adjacent to
and through footings):
II.A.1. Pipes
II.A.2. Conduits
II.A.3. Trenches
II.B. Underground utility systems
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II.B.1. Mechanical
II.B.1.1. Heating
II.B.1.2. Air Conditioning
II.B.1.3. Refrigeration
II.B.2. Plumbing
II.B.2.1. Thrust blocks per requirements.
II.B.2.2. Water
II.B.2.3. Soil/Waste/Sewer
II.B.2.4. Storm Drain
II.B.2.5. Methane
II.B.2.6. Gas
II.B.3. Fire Sprinklers
II.B.3.1. Thrust blocks per requirements.
II.B.3.2. Underground Hydro
II.B.3.3. Underground Flush
II.B.4. Electrical:
II.B.4.1. Cables
II.B.4.2. Conduits
II.B.4.3. Grounding
II.B.5. All underground systems are in place and properly stubbed.
II.B.5.1. At building locations, stub-outs at grade are at appropriate height
above finish floor elevation to ensure proper coupling after
foundation and floor placement.
II.B.5.1.1. Exposed conduit should be installed so that bent portion
will not extend above floor level.
II.B.5.1.2. Future Work
II.B.5.1.2.1 Stub-Ups
II.B.5.1.2.2 Sleeves
2.1.2 Soil Remediation

Similar to the Grading section, the majority of the documentation and inspection items
frequently defer to the geotechnical engineer. Therefore, refer to 2.1.1 Grading on page 45 for
applicable items that may be associated with soil remediation efforts. In addition to those
applicable items, for all soil remediation efforts, the following information applies:
inspection reports and/or grading report:
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I.A.1.1. Any testing specified in the approved construction documents
based on the soil remediation method used.
I.B.1.1. Any special inspections specified in the approved construction
documents based on the soil remediation method used.
II.A. Observe the required testing and special inspection.
2.1.2.1 Clay
In addition to the above noted items, the following applies specifically to remediation of clay
soils:
I. Inspection of the following items:
I.A. Specified clay remediation must occur per the approved construction documents,
which may include one or more of the following (this is not an exhaustive list):
I.A.1. Chemical treatment (e.g. lime treatment, etc.).
I.A.2. Overexcavation, replacement fill and compaction.
2.1.2.2 Soil Densification
In addition to the above noted items, the following applies specifically to soil densification:
I.A. Specified soil densification must occur per the approved construction documents
which may include one or more of the following (this is not an exhaustive list):
I.A.1. Overexcavation, replacement fill and compaction.
I.A.2. Special compaction or densification methods (e.g. dynamic, pressure
grouting, etc.).
2.1.2.3 Stone Columns
2.1.3 Earth Retaining Structures

Depending on the type of earth retaining structure, there are certain inspections or documents
that must be obtained prior to backfilling. Following is a list of the items requiring inspection
based on the type of earth retaining structure.
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2.1.3.1 Segmental Retaining Walls
In addition to the approved construction documents, refer to IR 16-3 for documentation and
inspection requirements.
Prior to placing first unit, the following must occur:
I.A. Material/Structural Tests Documentation:
I.A.1. Units
I.A.1.1. Manufacturers certification letter must include the following:
I.A.1.1.1. Manufacturers name and address
I.A.1.1.2. Product name
I.A.1.1.3. Unit Type
I.A.1.1.4. Lab test reports for the following:
I.A.1.1.4.1 Compressive Strength
I.A.1.1.4.2 Absorption
I.A.2. Soil reinforcement (geogrid)
I.A.2.1. Manufacturers certification letter includes the following:
I.A.2.1.1. Manufacturers name and address
I.A.2.1.2. Product name
I.A.2.1.3. Product designation meeting the requirements of the
projects design
I.A.2.1.4. Roll number
I.A.2.1.5. Identification procedures
I.A.2.1.6. Sampling procedures
I.A.2.1.7. Lab test results of quality control tests for each batch of
resin and each shifts production used
I.A.2.1.7.1 Flexural Rigidity
I.A.2.1.7.2 Tensile Strength
I.A.2.1.7.3 Modulus
I.A.2.1.7.4 Junction Strength
I.A.3. Fill/Backfill Materials
I.A.3.1. Reinforced Fill
I.A.3.2. Retained Fill
I.A.3.3. Drainage Fill
I.A.3.4. Foundation Fill
I.A.3.5. For all fill/backfill, lab reports include the following information at a
minimum frequency dictated by the maximum of IR 16-3, part 6.3
or as directed by the geotechnical engineer:
I.A.3.5.1. Soil Type
I.A.3.5.2. Soil Classification
I.A.3.5.3. Moisture Content
I.A.3.5.4. Density
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I.A.3.5.5. Compaction
I.A.3.5.6. Shear Strength
I.A.3.5.7. Gradation
I.A.4. Upon completion of all testing, the DSA approved laboratory provides a
inspection reports:
I.B.1.1. Proper site preparation
I.B.1.1.1. Excavations
I.B.1.1.2. Subgrade
I.B.1.1.3. Leveling pad
I.B.1.1.4. Drainage pipes/devices
I.B.1.1.5. Front & Back Slope conditions
I.B.1.2. Proper units
I.B.1.2.1. Type and Identification
I.B.1.2.2. Manufacturers Certification
I.B.1.3. Proper soil reinforcement (geogrid)
I.B.1.3.1. Type and Identification
I.B.1.3.2. Manufacturers Certification:
II.A. Proper storage and damage prevention of the following, per approved construction
documents:
II.A.1. Units
II.A.2. Geogrid
II.B. Minimum horizontal setback distance from building foundation to the anticipated
location of the back of the units.
Prior to backfilling or lift installation for each subsequent run, the following must occur:
I.A. Refer to I.A Material/Structural Tests Documentation: above on page 54 for
documentation requirements
inspection reports:
I.B.1.1. Units
I.B.1.1.1. First course requirements:
I.B.1.1.1.1 Unit type
I.B.1.1.1.2 Alignment
I.B.1.1.1.3 Inclination
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I.B.1.1.1.4 Leveling of leveling pad for intimate contact with
units and aggregate.
I.B.1.1.2. Remaining courses
I.B.1.1.2.1 (Same as for first course, except for leveling pad)
I.B.1.2. Placement of block fill and wall embedment
I.B.1.3. Soil reinforcement (geogrid)
I.B.1.3.1. Type
I.B.1.3.2. Identification
I.B.1.3.3. Manufacturers Certification
I.B.1.3.4. Placement
I.B.1.3.4.1 Connection To Block
I.B.1.3.4.1.1 Mechanical Device
I.B.1.3.4.1.2 Overlap Length
I.B.1.3.4.2 Elevation
I.B.1.3.4.3 Length
I.B.1.3.4.4 Strong Direction Orientation
I.B.1.4. Proper Fill Materials and Lift Thickness for:
I.B.1.4.1. Reinforced Fill
I.B.1.4.2. Retained Fill
I.B.1.4.3. Drainage Fill
I.B.1.4.4. Foundation Fill
I.B.1.5. Proper Compaction of:
I.B.1.5.1. Reinforced Fill
I.B.1.5.2. Retained Fill
I.B.1.5.3. Drainage Fill
I.B.1.5.4. Foundation Fill
I.B.1.6. Overall Wall
I.B.1.6.1. Wall Elevations
I.B.1.6.2. Front and Back Slope Conditions
I.C. Upon completion of the segmental retaining wall, provided there are no other soils
related items of construction, receipt of the DSA 293 Geotechnical Verified Report
is required.
II.A. Proper drainage devices.
II.B. Proper units and soil reinforcement.
II.C. Special or unusual conditions associated with wall construction:
II.C.1. Corners or bends
II.C.1.1. Staggering of geogrid layers between adjacent walls to avoid
overlap and permit planar installation.
II.C.2. Location and size of holes or openings cut into geogrid, along with any
additional reinforcing requirements.
II.C.3. Pipes exiting through wall face or at wall base.
II.C.4. Compliance with restrictions on construction equipment based on:
II.C.4.1. Proximity to wall.
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II.C.4.2. Lift height required prior to travel over lift/geogrid.
II.C.4.3. Tracked or rubber wheel type of equipment.
II.C.4.4. Travel Speed
II.C.4.5. Braking
II.C.4.6. Turning
II.D. At end of each day of construction, final lift and adjacent grade areas are sloped
away from wall to direct run-off away from wall.
2.1.3.2 Masonry Retaining Wall
See 2.3.1.4 Concrete Walls on page 85 and 2.3.2.1 Masonry Walls on page 95 for relevant
documentation to be received or items to be in place prior to backfill installation.
I.A. Shop Drawings:
I.A.1. In addition to the shop drawings associated with the masonry wall (when
applicable), the following items need to be shown on the design
professional reviewed shop drawings:
I.A.1.1. Type and location of drainage devices.
I.A.1.2. Soil reinforcing (when applicable) refer to 2.1.3.1 Segmental
Retaining Walls on page 17 for additional information.
I.B. Material/Structural Tests Documentation
I.B.1. Lab reports include the following information:
I.B.1.1. For all fill/backfill:
I.B.1.1.1. Soil Type
I.B.1.1.2. Soil Classification
I.B.1.1.3. Moisture Content
I.B.1.1.4. Density
I.B.1.1.5. Compaction Requirements
I.B.1.1.6. Compaction tests of backfill during its installation
I.B.1.2. Minimum design strength requirements: For retaining walls that do
not have shoring provided during back fill installation:
I.B.1.2.1. Retaining wall has achieved minimum required strength
specified prior to back filling.
inspection reports:
I.C.1.1. Drainage devices
I.C.1.2. Soil Reinforcement
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I.C.2. Compaction Report - The geotechnical engineer or their qualified
I.C.2.1. Use of proper:
I.C.2.1.1. Fill Materials
I.C.2.1.2. Lift Thicknesses
I.C.2.1.3. Placement
I.C.2.1.4. Compaction
I.C.2.2. Approval of compaction test of fill
I.C.3. Upon completion of the masonry retaining wall, provided there are no other
soils related items of construction, receipt of the DSA 293 Geotechnical
Verified Report is required.
II.A. Inspection of back fill of retaining walls is generally covered by the geotechnical
engineer or their representative. However, verification of several broad categorical
items is important:
II.A.1. Prior to back filling the retaining wall:
II.A.1.1. Proper shoring of wall, when applicable.
II.A.1.2. For walls without shoring, refer to 2.1.3.2 Masonry Retaining Wall,
subsection I.B.1.2 Minimum design strength requirements on
page 57.
II.A.1.3. Presence of specified:
II.A.1.3.1. Dampproofing
II.A.1.3.2. Waterproofing
II.A.1.3.3. Drainage devices
II.A.2. Presence of specified soil reinforcement.
II.A.3. Lift heights comply with requirements.
II.A.4. Compaction testing occurs.
2.1.3.3 Concrete Retaining Wall
See 2.3.1.2 Concrete Walls items on page 83 for relevant items to be in place prior to backfill
installation based on the kind of wall being constructed. For shotcrete walls, refer to 2.3.1.2
Concrete Walls items on page 83 as well as 2.3.1.4.3 Shotcrete items on page 86.
For documentation and inspection requirements refer to 2.1.3.2 Masonry Retaining Walls on
page 57.
2.1.4 Anchors
Similar to the Grading section, the majority of the documentation and inspection items
frequently defer to the geotechnical engineer. Therefore, refer to 2.1.1 Grading on page 45 for
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applicable items that may be associated with soil remediation efforts. In addition to those
applicable items, for all soil anchor efforts, the following information applies:
I.A. Shop Drawings:
I.A.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed anchor shop
drawings.
I.A.1.1. If the reviewed shop drawings cause any changes affecting the
Structural, Fire/Life Safety or Accessibility portions of the DSA
approved construction documents must be submitted to DSA for
review and approval prior to installation of modified elements.
I.A.1.2. If conflicts arise between the DSA approved construction
documents and the shop drawings, the DSA approved
construction documents shall govern.
I.B.1.1. Any anchor testing specified in the approved construction
documents.
I.C.1.1. Any anchor special inspections specified in the approved
construction documents.
II.A. Proper storage and handling of materials.
II.B. Observe required testing and special inspection.
2.1.4.1 Soil Nails
There are no additional items for soil nails beyond those noted for anchors in general.
2.1.4.2 Tie Backs
There are no additional items for tie backs beyond those noted for anchors in general.
2.1.4.3 Prestressed Rock and Soil Foundation Anchors
In addition to the California Building Code, projects using prestressed rock and soil foundation
anchors are generally governed by a referenced standard issued by the Post-Tensioning
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Institute (PTI; see http://www.post-tensioning.org). The primary reference for general design,
construction or installation, and testing requirements is:
Recommendations for Prestressed Rock and Soil Anchors (4th Edition), PTI DC35.1-04
I.A. Shop Drawings:
I.A.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed tie back shop
drawings.
I.B.1.1. Tendons are thread-bar anchors conforming to specified
requirements.
I.B.1.2. Approval of anchor corrosion protection.
I.B.1.3. Load testing:
I.B.1.3.1. Preproduction Tests
I.B.1.3.2. Performance Tests
I.B.1.3.3. Creep Test
inspection reports:
I.C.1.1. Approval of drilling methods.
I.C.1.2. Approval of anchor installation.
I.C.2. Upon completion of the building pad grading, provided there are no other
soils related items of construction, receipt of the DSA 293 Geotechnical
Verified Report is required.
II.B. Observe required testing of anchors.
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2.2 Foundation Systems
Prior to any foundation item being inspected, generally speaking, all soils related items
applicable to a given building or portion thereof (refer to 2.1 Soils on page 45 for further
information) must be inspected for compliance with the approved construction documents by
the project inspector. Refer to form DSA 151 for requirements associated with advance
notification to DSA for various foundation related construction items (e.g. trenching complete,
foundation forms, concrete placement, etc.).
2.2.1 Shallow Foundations

2.2.1.1 Concrete Foundations
For documentation and inspection requirements, refer to 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete
on page 74 applicable to all projects using concrete.
In addition to the just noted items, the following applies to all shallow concrete foundations,
unless noted otherwise:
I.A. No foreign material enters the foundation excavation during concrete placement.
I.B. Foundation must be level within specified tolerances or steps are required per the
approved drawings.
I.C. Bottom of footing extends beyond locally defined frost line.
I.D. Proximity and location of adjacent footing bottoms meet requirements. See Figure
2-5 for an example of commonly specified location requirements for adjacent
footings having different depths.
Figure 2-5: Adjacent Footings Having Different Depths
I.E. Embedded items per requirements.

I.E.1. Materials
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I.E.1.1. Depending on material, additional material or structural testing
documentation and/or special inspections may be required (e.g.
steel embeds may have welding and require both material and
welding special inspection documentation see the appropriate
subsections in 2.3.4 Steel beginning on page 116 for additional
information).
I.E.2. Location
I.E.3. Type
I.E.3.1. Anchor Bolts
I.E.3.1.1. Embedment Length
I.E.3.1.2. Embedded head type.
I.E.3.2. Embed Plates
I.F. Where underground utilities are adjacent to or through a foundation (see Figure 2-6
for an example of a pipe through or just below a footing), refer to 2.1.1.3
Underground Utilities on page 50 for additional information.
Figure 2-6: Pipe Through/Below Footing
I.G. When portions of the foundation types below may qualify as deep foundation
elements, refer to 2.2.2.2 Cast-In-Place Deep Foundations (Piers) subsection I.B.2
on page 69 for additional information.
2.2.1.1.1 Footings
For footings acting as a pile cap, refer to 2.2.1.1.4 Pile Caps on page 64 for information. For
other requirements, refer to the general requirements specified in 2.2.1.1 Concrete
Foundations.
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For grade beams or combined concrete footings acting as a pile cap, refer to 2.2.1.1.4 Pile
Caps on page 64 for information. For other requirements, refer to the general requirements
specified in 2.2.1.1 Concrete Foundations.
2.2.1.1.3 Concrete Mat
For portions of mats acting as a pile cap, refer to 2.2.1.1.4 Pile Caps on page 64 for
information. For other information, refer to the general requirements specified in 2.2.1.1
Concrete Foundations.
2.2.1.1.4 Pile Caps
I.A. Tops of piles per requirements for the following:
I.A.1. Embedment into pile cap.
I.A.1.1. During grading operations after piles have been installed, verify
proper protection of tops of piles is provided (see Figure 2-7 on
page 71 for an example of the kinds of damage that could occur
to tops of piles).
I.A.2. Pile cap extent beyond edge of pile.
I.A.3. Pile top roughening.
2.2.2 Deep Foundations

The following applies to all deep foundations.
I.A. Where adjacent existing structures could be adversely affected by deep foundation
installation procedures, receipt of documentation of mitigation procedures, as
dictated by DSA approved documents.
I.B. Placement plan for elements and installation record corresponds to the placement
plan identification.
I.B.1. This plan must be submitted to DSA prior to installing deep foundations.
I.C. Refer to the individual sections for each type of pier/pile below for a description of
the types of documents that must be received.
II.A. Where adjacent existing structures could be adversely affected by deep foundation
installation procedures, mitigation procedures, as dictated by DSA approved
documents, are followed.
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II.B. Once deep foundations have been installed, proper protection procedures for those
elements must be put in place for any remaining fill placement operations.
II.C. Placement tolerances do not exceed specified limits.
II.D. Embedded items per requirements.
II.D.1. Materials
II.D.1.1. Depending on material, additional material or structural testing
documentation and/or special inspections may be required (e.g.
steel embeds may have welding and require both material and
welding special inspection documentation see the appropriate
subsections in 2.3.4 Steel beginning on page 116 for additional
information).
II.D.2. Location
II.D.3. Type
II.D.3.1. Anchor Bolts
II.D.3.1.1. Embedment Length
II.D.3.1.2. Embedded head type.
II.D.3.2. Embed Plates
2.2.2.1 Driven Deep Foundations (Piles)
The following items apply to all driven piles.
I.A. Shop Drawings:
I.A.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed pile shop and
erection drawings.
I.B. Material/Structural Test Documentation
I.B.1. For the following items, verification for each pile by both the project
inspector and the geotechnical engineer or their qualified representative in
the form of daily special inspection reports and/or reports of tests
performed:
I.B.1.1. Pile materials
I.B.1.1.1. Steel Piles (refer to 2.2.2.1.1 Steel Piles on page 67 for
additional information)
I.B.1.1.2. Concrete Piles (refer to 2.2.2.1.3 Concrete Piles on page
68 for additional information)
I.B.2. Capacities of test piles and additional load tests as required.
I.B.3. Testing of mechanical couplers.
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I.B.4. See I.C.1.2 Pile load testing below on page 66 for additional structural
tests.
I.C.1. During installation procedures, the geotechnical engineer or their qualified
representative shall provide approval for the following in the form of daily
special inspection reports and/or reports of tests performed:
I.C.1.1. Driving operations
I.C.1.1.1. Physical characteristics of the foundation-driving
equipment.
I.C.1.1.1.1 Hammer Type
I.C.1.1.1.2 Hammer Size
I.C.1.1.2. Pile identifying marks and location
I.C.1.1.3. Pile Plumbness
I.C.1.1.4. Number of Blows per Foot of Penetration
I.C.1.1.5. Required Penetrations to achieve Design Capacity (see
I.C.1.2.1 Dynamic procedure below on page 66 for
additional information)
I.C.1.1.6. Tip & Butt Elevations
I.C.1.1.7. Any Pile Damage
I.C.1.1.7.1 The design professional shall dictate any repairs
to damaged piles or usage of damaged piles,
subject to the review and approval by DSA.
I.C.1.2. Pile load testing
I.C.1.2.1. Dynamic procedure
I.C.1.2.1.1 Dynamic formula used.
I.C.1.2.1.2 Permanent penetration under last 10 blows.
I.C.1.2.2. Where vibratory driving occurs, load testing per
requirements.
I.C.1.2.3. Where heaving occurs due to adjacent driving operations,
heaved elements are tested per requirements.
I.C.2. Once installation is complete, the geotechnical engineer provides their
II.A. Prior to pile driving adjacent to cased and uncased concrete piers, sufficient wait
time since concrete pier placement must occur (see 2.2.2.2 Cast-In-Place Deep
Foundations (Piers) subsection II.F on page 70 for additional information).
II.B. For the following items, verification for each pile by both the project inspector and
the geotechnical engineer or their qualified representative in the form of daily
special inspection reports and/or reports of tests performed:
II.B.1. Sizes
II.B.2. Lengths
II.B.3. Locations
II.C. Proper storage of piles, including level, equally spaced transverse supports.
II.D. Piles are not damaged during lifting operations or other erection techniques.
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II.D.1. The design professional shall dictate any repairs to damaged piles or
usage of damaged piles, subject to the review and approval by DSA.
II.D.2. Testing of piles complies with limitations specified in approved
II.E. For specialty piles, additional inspections by qualified individuals as determined by
the registered design professional in responsible charge and dictated by the DSA
approved documents.
2.2.2.1.1 Steel Piles
The following provides additional information specific to steel piles:
For documentation and inspection requirements, refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116
(however, steel may be required to comply with different ASTM requirements, such as those
listed in CBC 1810A.3.2.3 verify requirements with approved construction documents) and
2.2.2.1 Driven Deep Foundations (Piles) on page 65.
I.A. Where steel core elements are spliced, milling of contact surfaces and welding is
required per the approved construction documents (refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel
on page 116 for welding documentation and inspection requirements).
2.2.2.1.1.1 Helical Piles
The following provides additional information specific to helical piles:
I.A. Special Inspection Documentation:
I.A.1. Project specific testing occurs to verify allowable loads per pile.
I.A.2. Special inspection reports include information noted in the requirements.
Commonly specified information to be included in such reports is often
based on the requiremens given in CBC 1704A.10:
I.A.2.1. Installation equipment used.
I.A.2.2. Pile Dimensions
I.A.2.3. Tip Elevations
I.A.2.4. Final Depth
I.A.2.5. Final installation torque
I.A.2.6. Other pertinent installation data as required by the registered
design professional in responsible charge.
II.A. Installation depth and torque per requirements, including not exceeding specified
limits.
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2.2.2.1.2 Composite Steel Piles
The following provides additional information specific to composite steel piles:
I.A. Refer to section 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74 for concrete
documentation and inspection requirements.
I.B. For steel, refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116.
II.A. Refer to section 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74 for applicable
concrete documentation and inspection requirements.
II.B. For steel, refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116.
II.C. When concrete is cast in a steel pipe, verify the aggregate size and slump comply
with requirements.
2.2.2.1.3 Concrete Piles
Refer to the following subsections for additional information specific to the noted pile:
2.2.2.1.3.1 Concrete Filled Piles
Refer to 2.2.2.1.2 Composite Steel Piles on page 68 for documentation and inspection
requirements.
2.2.2.1.3.2 Prestressed Piles
The following provides additional information specific to prestressed piles:
I.A. Refer to 2.3.1.2 Prestressed/Post-tension Concrete on page 83 for concrete
requirements (e.g. Shop Drawings; Material/Structural Test Documentation; etc.).
I.B.1. Prestressing Tendons
II.A. Refer to 2.3.1.2 Prestressed/Post-tension Concrete on page 83 for applicable
concrete requirements.
2.2.2.1.3.3 Precast
The following provides additional information specific to precast piles:
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I.A. Refer to section 2.3.1.3 Precast Concrete on page 84 for concrete requirements
(e.g. Shop Drawings; Material/Structural Test Documentation; etc.).
I.B. For prestressed piles, refer to 2.2.2.1.3.2 Prestressed Piles on page 68 for
additional requirements.
I.C. Material/Structural Test Documentation:
I.C.1. Precast member has achieved required design strength for driving
operations.
II.A.1. Refer to 2.3.1.3 Precast Concrete on page 84 for applicable concrete
requirements.
2.2.2.2 Cast-In-Place Deep Foundations (Piers)
The following provides additional information specific to CIP piers:
I.A. Refer to section 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74 for CIP concrete
requirements.
I.B.1. Adequate end strata bearing capacity at the bottom of excavations/drillings.
I.B.2. Slump limitations (i.e. maximum/minimum).
I.B.3. Load testing per requirements.
I.B.3.1. For elements having an enlarged base that have heaved during
construction procedures, verify testing per requirements.
I.C. Approval from geotechnical engineer or their qualified representative is required for
inspection reports:
I.C.1. For each pier excavation:
I.C.1.1. Drilling Operations
I.C.1.2. Diameters
I.C.1.3. Plumbness
I.C.1.4. Lengths
I.C.1.4.1. Where uncased pier lengths exceed 30 times the
diameter, an installation report must be provided.
I.C.1.5. Bell Diameters
I.C.1.6. Embedment into bedrock
I.C.2. For each pier:
I.C.2.1. Record of concrete or grout volumes.
I.C.2.1.1. For hollow-stem augered CIP elements, installation per
requirements.
II.A. Refer to section 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74 for CIP concrete
requirements.
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II.B. Both the project inspector and the geotechnical engineer or their qualified
representative shall verify locations of piers.
II.C. For socketed drilled shafts with steel casing, suitable steel driving shoe is welded
to the base per requirements.
II.D. Ends of hoops, ties, spirals have seismic hooks per requirements.
II.E. Placement of concrete
II.E.1. Reinforcement is properly held in place prior to concrete placement,
unless specific exceptions are noted in approved construction documents.
II.E.2. For hollow stem augered CIP elements, minimum wait times between
installation of adjacent elements complies with requirements.
II.E.3. Measures are taken to ensure exclusion of foreign material during
concrete placing per the approved documents.
II.E.3.1. Piers with diameter less than 30 inches and where free fall of
concrete is permitted during placing operations may be more
prone to foreign material contamination (e.g. from concrete hitting
sides of earth forms).
II.E.3.2. Where unstable soils exist within any extent of pier depth and
foreign material may slough into concrete during placement in
those regions, protective casing is provided and concrete is
placed in manner to counteract instability of soils as specified in
the approved construction documents.
II.E.3.3. For socketed drilled pier elements, shaft within casing must be
free of foreign materials.
II.E.4. When concrete is compacted to provide an enlarged base:
II.E.4.1. Confirm aggregate size and slump per requirements.
II.E.4.2. Load testing per requirements (this also applies for driven precast
base).
II.F. Where driven piles are installed adjacent to uncased or cased concrete piers,
sufficient wait time since pier concrete placement occurs as indicated in the
approved construction documents.
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II.G. Proper protection of exposed reinforcing at top of piers after pier construction
complete (see Figure 2-7 for example of damage associated with grading
operations occurring after completion of pier construction).
Figure 2-7: Damaged Reinforcement From

Grading Operations
2.2.2.3 Micropiles
The following provides additional information specific to micropiles:
I.A. Refer to section 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74 for requirements
applicable to grouting.
I.B.1. Steel materials meet or exceed requirements.
I.B.1.1. Where no mill certification is provided, coupon testing must comply
with requirements.
I.B.2. Micropile load capacity testing.
II.A. Refer to section 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74 for requirements
applicable to grouting.
II.B. Grout Installation
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2.2.2.4 Compacted Aggregate Piers/Rammed Aggregate Piers/Vibro Stone Columns
Compacted aggregate piers (CAP), rammed aggregate piers (RAP), and vibro stone columns
(VSC) are sometimes used for site soil improvement. Because their beneficial effect on the
site soil is usually verified in situ, it provides some additional requirements unique to these
kinds of soil improvement solutions.
I.A.1. Refer to approved construction documents for required testing, inspection,
and observation program for the CAP/RAP/VSC.
the following in the form of reports of tests performed (by a DSA approved
I.A.2.1. Requirements for CAPs/RAPs:
I.A.2.1.1. For each area of uniform subsoil conditions,
preconstruction testing per requirements.
I.A.2.1.2. When specified, full lateral load test with concrete footing
per requirements to verify increased sliding friction
values.
I.A.2.1.3. Specialized testing per requirements
I.A.2.1.3.1 Bottom Stabilization Verification Tests
I.A.2.1.3.2 Dynamic Cone Penetrometer Tests
I.A.2.2. Requirements for VSCs:
I.A.2.2.1. Soil compaction meets additional requirements specified
in California Geological Survey (CGS) Special
Publication 117A (SP-117A).
I.A.2.2.2. Cone Penetration Test (CPT) per requirements.
I.A.2.2.3. Standard Penetration Test (SPT) per requirements, when
specified.
I.B.1.1. Proper testing, including any acceptance criteria for testing, as
noted above.
I.B.1.2. Confirmation that the ground improvement acceptance criteria has
been met.
I.B.1.3. Upon completion of the ground improvement system, provided
there are no other soils related items of construction, receipt of
the DSA 293 Geotechnical Verified Report is required.
I.C. CGS final approval based on ground improvement data.
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I.D. If during the course of testing, modifications are required affecting the Structural,
Fire/Life Safety or Accessibility portions of the DSA approved construction
documents, the changes must be submitted to DSA for review and approval.
II.A. Observe required testing.
II.B. No foundation concrete construction may occur prior to:
II.B.1. CGS final approval.
II.B.2. DSA review and approval of any construction change directives affecting
the Structural, Fire/Life Safety or Accessibility portions of the DSA
approved documents associated with required ground improvement
modifications resulting from field testing.
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2.3 Gravity Framing Systems
Prior to any gravity framing system item being inspected, generally speaking, all foundation
system related items applicable to a given building or portion thereof (refer to 2.2 Foundation
Systems on page 62 for further information) must be inspected for compliance with the
approved construction documents by the project inspector. Refer to form DSA 151 for
requirements associated with advance notification to DSA for various foundation related
construction items (e.g. concrete placement, etc.).
2.3.1 Concrete
In addition to the California Building Code, projects using concrete are generally governed by a
referenced standard issued by the American Concrete Institute (ACI; see
http://www.concrete.org). The primary reference for general design and construction
requirements is:
Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, ACI 318
ACI 318 has both gravity and seismic requirements; unlike some other material reference
standards (e.g. steel or wood), no additional reference is necessary for the seismic lateral
resisting systems (SLRS).
Frequently, testing of concrete or steel reinforcement is necessary for various portions of
concrete construction associated with the project. When such testing is necessary as dictated
by the construction documents, certain information must be included, depending on the type of
test that is being performed. While there are no format requirements, DSA 203: Tension/Bend
and DSA 204: Compression provide a suggested format. For some projects, post-installed
anchors may also be used and require testing; DSA 206: Anchor Load provides a suggested
format for such tests (refer to APPENDIX B REFERENCED DSA FORMS on page 313 for
these forms).
Refer to form DSA 151 for requirements associated with advance notification to DSA for
various concrete related construction items.
2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete
For all CIP concrete work, the following items apply (note: CBC Chapter 19A applies to K-12
and Community College projects and Chapter 19 applies to Community College projects in
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which that was the chosen governing code; the list below is based primarily on 19A, but
locations are noted where 19 does not have similar requirements).
I.A. Shop Drawings:
I.A.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed anchorage,
embed, and steel reinforcing shop drawings.
approved construction documents must be approved by the
design professional in responsible charge and submitted to and
approved by DSA.
I.B.1. Both the project inspector and special inspector (e.g. batch-plant special
inspector) shall verify the use of the required design mix.
I.B.1.1. For concrete mixes using more than 15% of fly ash or other
natural pozzolans, refer to IR 19-3 for additional information (NOT
APPLICABLE to DSA-SS/CC projects).
I.B.1.2. For concrete mixes using recycled concrete aggregates, refer to
IR 19-4 for additional information.
I.B.2. Materials comply with requirements for the following:
I.B.2.1. Reinforcing steel
I.B.2.1.1. Tags of reinforcing steel meet requirements noted in IR
17-10. Where no tags exist, additional testing is
required as noted in IR 17-10.
I.B.2.2. Concrete
I.B.2.2.1. Slump (see Figure 2-8)
I.B.2.2.2. Temperature
I.B.2.2.3. Air Content (where applicable)
I.B.2.2.4. Concrete compression tests (periodically throughout
construction).
I.B.2.2.4.1 Based on ASTM test specified in approved
documents, ensure sampling occurs within
specified time period.
Figure 2-8: Slump Test
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I.B.2.2.4.2 Proper storage techniques for concrete samples,
including ability to maintain required temperature
ranges (e.g. through use of heaters or ice packs)
for required time period after casting. See Figure
Figure 2-10: Improper Storage of Concrete Cylinders
Figure 2-9: Proper Concrete Cylinder Storage
2-10 and Figure 2-9 for examples of improper and

proper concrete cylinder storage techniques,
respectively.
I.B.2.3. Sampling frequency for concrete tests (recall test is average of
two cylinders) per requirements.
I.B.2.4. Based on ASTM test specified in approved documents, ensure
testing complies with requirements.
I.B.3. Post-installed anchors:
I.B.3.1. Testing per requirements. See Figure 2-11 for an example of a
common type of pull test apparatus.
Figure 2-11: Example of a Common Pull Test Apparatus
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I.B.3.1.1. EXCEPTION: Not all post-installed anchors require
testing refer to approved construction documents for
requirements.
I.C.1. Approval from the concrete special inspector for the following in the form of
reports of tests performed and/or daily special inspection reports:
I.C.1.1.1. Batching of concrete.
I.C.1.1.1.1 While there are exceptions to the required
inspection of batching of concrete given in CBC
1704A.4.3, the information in the approved
construction documents dictates the requirements
for the project. If the exception is specified,
additional documents and inspections by the
project inspector are required, as indicated in the
I.C.2. Upon completion of the concrete work, the concrete special inspector
provides a verified report (DSA 292).
II.A. Proper storage and handling for reinforcing, embedded items, and other
components part of the concrete elements.
II.B. The items provided below may be performed by a special inspector when
specifically approved by DSA.
II.C. Prior to concrete placement, the following must be secured in proper location:
II.C.1. Formwork for the following based on the member being formed:
II.C.1.1. Shape
II.C.1.1.1. At footings, steps comply with requirements.
II.C.1.2. Location
II.C.1.3. Dimensions
II.C.1.4. Adequate bracing
II.C.1.5. Tight joints to prevent concrete leakage.
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II.C.1.6. No wood stakes allowed where concrete will be poured. (See
Figure 2-12 for an example problems with both wood stakes in
the concrete and formwork that is not tight enough to keep the
concrete within the formwork.)
Figure 2-12: Lack of Tight Formwork; Wood Stake in Concrete Problems
II.C.1.7. Proper coordinate between trades to avoid conflicts and formwork

provides accommodations for all required trades.
II.C.2. Reinforcing steel
II.C.2.1. For welding of reinforcing steel, refer to I.C.1.2.2 Welding on page
119 for additional documentation and inspection requirements.
II.C.2.2. Prestressing tendons
II.C.2.2.1. Placing tolerances (NOTE: there are code requirement
differences between a DSA-SS verusus DSA-SS/CC
projects verify with approved construction documents).
II.C.2.3. Spacing and clearances:
II.C.2.3.1. Clearance and spacing applies at splices and
mechanical connections per requirements (NOTE: there
are code requirement differences between a DSA-SS
verusus DSA-SS/CC projects verify with approved
construction documents).
II.C.2.3.2. If spacing and clearances do not comply, additional steel,
increased splice lengths, or other items may be required
design professional and DSA approval is required for
modifications affecting the Structural, Fire/Life Safety or
Accessibility portions of the project.
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II.C.2.3.3. Field bending of reinforcing not permitted, unless
specifically detailed on the approved drawings or
authorized by the design professional and DSA prior to
bending.
II.C.3. Embedded items
II.C.3.1. Prior to placing steel embedded items, project inspector must
receive documentation for any material/structural tests or special
inspections (e.g. welding of embed plates, headed studs, etc.).
Refer to I.C.1.2.2 Welding on page 119 for additional
II.C.3.2. Accurate and secure placement prior to concrete placement.
II.C.3.3. Types and sizes of anchor bolts connecting steel to concrete (e.g.
cut thread vs. rolled thread), including specified tolerances (see
IR 22-2).
II.C.3.3.1. Proper anchor bolt embedment and thread projection
beyond anticipated concrete surface.
II.C.3.4. All mechanical, electrical, and plumbing work is in place (see
appropriate sections in 2.5 Non-Structural Component
Support/Bracing/Anchorage starting on page 159 and 5 OTHER
BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS starting on page 236
for additional information).
II.C.3.5. Conduits and pipes
II.C.3.5.1. Openings larger than a certain size must be per
approved plans.
II.C.3.5.2. Proper spacing between conduit/pipes.
II.C.3.5.3. Aluminum pipes/conduits/etc. have protection to prevent
galvanic reaction as indicated.
II.C.3.5.4. Verify conduits and pipes in concrete do not exceed
specified limits for displacing concrete or size relative to
member:
II.C.3.5.4.1 Columns
II.C.3.5.4.2 Beams
II.C.3.5.4.3 Slabs
II.C.3.5.4.4 Walls
II.C.3.5.5. No liquid, gas, or vapor is allowed to flow through pipes
until concrete has reached its specified design strength,
unless specifically noted otherwise in approved
II.C.3.5.6. Concrete cover over pipes and conduits.
II.C.3.5.7. Reinforcing normal to pipes/conduits per requirements.
II.C.3.5.8. No reinforcing shall be bent, cut, or displaced by pipes or
conduits, unless specifically detailed on the approved
drawings.
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II.C.3.5.9. Conduit/pipe stub-ups/outs do not conflict or cause
congestion with anchor bolts (anchor bolt design usually
does not include loss of concrete associated with
conduits/pipes adjacent to anchor bolts if minimum
distance for conduits/pipes from anchors is not provided
in the approved construction documents, contact the
design professional for guidance on what is permissible).
See Figure 2-13 for an example of common problems
associated with conduit and anchor bolt placement.
Figure 2-13: Common Conduit and Anchor Bolt Problems
II.D. Concrete mixing, placement and curing (note: ACI 309R is a helpful resource):
II.D.1. Hot and cold weather special requirements. (Refer to form DSA 151 for
requirements associated with advance notification to DSA for various
concrete related construction items.)
II.D.1.1. Based on ASTM referenced in approved construction documents
(e.g. ASTM C94 or C685), mix times and revolutions are not
exceeded during mixing operations (e.g. C94 limits mixing to 90
minutes and 300 revolutions).
II.D.2. Proper concrete placement at large or deep elements (e.g. additional
placement tools, such as a pipe, hose, snout, etc. may be necessary to
ensure concrete is placed as close to final position as possible).
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II.D.3. At congested reinforcing locations, design professional and DSA approved
mix design with smaller aggregates is used (see Figure 2-14 for an
example of severe reinforcing congestion in which a smaller aggregate mix
Figure 2-14: Extreme Reinforcing Congestion
would be very beneficial and is likely required). (NOTE: DSA-SS

aggregate requirements may not be mirrored in DSA-SS/CC projects
verify with approved construction documents.)
II.D.4. Consolidation per requirements. See Figure 2-15 and Figure 2-16 for an
example of poor consolidation and resulting honeycomb problems.
Figure 2-15: Poor Consolidation and Honeycomb Problems
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Figure 2-16: Poor Consolidation & Ensuing Repairs
II.D.5. Water added at site to facilitate consolidation is not excessive.

II.D.6. Proper sample testing frequency. (NOTE: DSA-SS testing requirements
may not be mirrored in DSA-SS/CC projects verify with approved
construction documents.)
II.D.7. Construction joint requirements.
II.D.7.1. For slabs-on-grade (SOG), only if it is identified as a structural
slab, must construction joints be as shown in approved plans;
most SOG do not require construction joints be shown on the
approved drawings.
II.E. After concrete placement:
II.E.1. Concrete curing, including any special cold or hot weather requirements.
(NOTE: DSA-SS curing requirements may not be mirrored in DSA-SS/CC
projects verify with approved construction documents.)
II.E.2. Form removal
II.E.2.1. Prior to form or shoring removal, project inspector shall verify
concrete strength complies with requirements based on test
reports and minimum time passage.
II.F. Post-installed anchors and connections:
II.F.1. Installation of post-installed anchors.
II.F.1.1. For projects approved under the 2001 CBC, refer to IR 19-1 (this
also applies to projects approved under the 2007 CBC when
specifically referencing those requirements).
II.F.2. Testing per requirements. See Figure 2-11 on page 76 for an example of a
common type of pull test apparatus.
II.F.2.1. EXCEPTION: Not all post-installed anchors require testing refer
to approved construction documents for requirements.
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II.F.3. There are code limitations on the use of power actuated fasteners.
Therefore, verify power actuated fasteners (e.g. shotpins) are used only
where specifically shown on the approved construction documents.
2.3.1.2 Prestressed/Post-tension Concrete
I.A. Refer to 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74 for concrete
I.B. Shop Drawings
I.B.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed
placement/erection shop drawings.
I.B.1.1. If the reviewed shop drawings cause any changes affecting the
approved by DSA.
I.B.1.2. If conflicts arise between the DSA approved construction
I.C.1. Prestressing/Post-Tensioning Tendons
I.C.2. Prestressing/Post-Tensioning Tendon Anchorages
I.C.3. Prestressing/Post-Tensioning Tendon Couplers
I.C.4. In-situ concrete strength prior to stressing of tendons.
I.D. Special Inspection Documentation:
I.D.1. Receipt of special inspection reports for the following:
I.D.1.1. Placement and tolerances of prestressing/post-tensioning tendons
(placement of ducts for post-tension conditions).
I.D.1.2. Application of prestressing/post-tensioning force.
I.D.1.2.1. Special inspector shall verify concrete strength test
reports prior to stressing of tendons.
I.D.1.3. Grouting of bonded prestressing/post-tensioning tendons.
I.D.2. Upon completion of the prestressed/post-tensioning concrete work, the
prestressed/post-tensioning concrete special inspector provides a verified
report (DSA 292).
II.A. Refer to section 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74 for applicable
documentation and inspection concrete requirements.
II.B. Proper storage and handling of members.
II.C. Placement of members and/or post-tensioning ducts with placement/erection
drawings.
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II.C.1. For post-tensioning duct placement, verify proper coordination amongst
trades.
II.C.1.1. No kinks or shifts in duct profile beyond the tolerances noted in
the approved construction documents.
II.C.1.2. Specified tolerances for tendon locations are maintained.
II.D. Connections with placement/erection drawings:
II.D.1.1. For welded and bolted connections, see applicable subsections of
2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116.
II.D.1.2. For CIP connections, see 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on
page 74.
2.3.1.3 Precast Concrete
I.A. Refer to 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74 for concrete
I.B. Shop Drawings
I.B.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed precast shop
drawings.
I.B.1.1. If the reviewed shop drawings cause any changes affecting the
approved by DSA.
I.B.2. If conflicts arise between the DSA approved construction documents and
the shop drawings, the DSA approved construction documents shall
govern.
I.C.1. Precast member has achieved required design strength.
I.C.2. When noted on the approved construction documents, certification for
members fabricated in a Precast Concrete Institute certified plant (for a list
of certified plants, see http://www.pci.org/find/manufacturer/index.cfm).
I.D.1. Fabrication of Precast Members
I.D.2. Erection of Precast Members ONLY if special inspector is approved by
DSA first.
I.D.3. Upon completion of the prestressed concrete work, the prestressed
concrete special inspector provides a verified report (DSA 292).
II.A. Refer 2.3.1.2 Prestressed/Post-tension Concrete, subsection II Inspection of the
following items: on page 83 for applicable concrete requirements (but replace
Prestressed with Precast).
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2.3.1.4 Concrete Walls
I.A. Anchoring of walls to intersecting elements per the approved drawings.
I.A.1. Where dowels occur, field bending is not permitted, unless specifically
shown on the approved drawings.
2.3.1.4.1 CIP
on page 74 applicable to all CIP concrete walls. For walls forming part of the lateral system,
refer to 2.4.1.1 Special Reinforced Shear Wall on page 140 and 2.4.1.2 Intermediate Precast
Shear Wall on page 141, as applicable.
2.3.1.4.2 Tilt-up
For documentation and inspection requirements, refer
to 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page 74
applicable to all CIP concrete walls and 2.3.1.3
Precast Concrete on page 84. For walls forming part
of the lateral system, refer to 2.4.1.1 Special
Reinforced Shear Wall on page 140 and 2.4.1.2
Intermediate Precast Shear Wall on page 141, as
applicable.
In addition, the following apply to tilt-up walls:
I.A. Prior to concrete placement, block-out
locations, including, but not limited to:
I.A.1. Hold-downs
I.A.2. Chord steel connections (See
Figure 2-17 for an example of
problems associated with poort
layout of chord reinforcing steel.)
I.A.3. Supports
I.A.4. Embeds.
I.B. Welded connections including, but not
limited to:
Figure 2-17: Poor Layout for Chord Steel

Connection
Figure 2-18: Verify Weld Lengths Per

Requirements
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I.B.1. Weld size and lengths for hold-downs, chord steel (see Figure 2-18).
I.B.2. Chord steel connections.
I.B.3. Supports
2.3.1.4.3 Shotcrete
Shotcrete entails use of a unique method for concrete placement pneumatically. Based on
that method, there are additional requirements to ensure proper construction. Unlike many
aspects of concrete construction, special inspection is required by a qualified individual (refer
to 1 ADMINISTRATION subsection 1.2.2 Required During Construction, II.A.1.1 on page 33 for
a list of DSA approved shotcrete special inspectors). In addition to the concrete references
noted in 2.3.1 Concrete, there are two primary references associated with shotcrete, listed
below:
CBC 1913A for K-12 projects; CBC 1913 for DSA-SS/CC projects.
Guide to Shotcrete, ACI 506-05
I.A. Refer to 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete, I Receipt of documentation for
constructed elements: on page 75 for documentation requirements.
I.B.1. For concrete shear walls, special requirements for concrete aggregate
based on reinforcing. (NOTE: DSA-SS aggregate requirements may not
be mirrored in DSA-SS/CC projects verify with approved construction
documents.)
I.B.2. Testing of shotcrete.
I.C.1. Preconstruction sample panel requirements.
I.C.2. Test panel method of testing shotcrete, when applicable.
I.C.3. Any additional shotcrete placement special inspection requirements.
I.C.4. Upon completion of the shotcrete work, the shotcrete special inspector
II.A. Refer to 2.3.1 Concrete, II Inspection of the following items: on page 77 for
II.B. Prior to applying shotcrete:
II.B.1. Concrete or masonry surface receiving concrete.
II.B.2. Formwork.
II.C. Construction joints.
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2.3.1.5 Concrete Columns
2.3.1.5.1 CIP
on page 74 applicable to all CIP concrete columns.
2.3.1.5.2 Prestressed/Post-tension
For documentation and inspection requirements, refer to 2.3.1.2 Prestressed/Post-tension
Concrete on page 83 applicable to all prestressed/post-tension concrete columns.
2.3.1.5.3 Precast
For documentation and inspection requirements, refer to 2.3.1.3 Precast Concrete on page 84
applicable to all precast concrete columns.
2.3.1.6 Concrete Beams
2.3.1.6.1 CIP
on page 74 applicable to all CIP concrete beams.
Concrete on page 83 applicable to all prestressed/post-tension concrete beams.
2.3.1.6.3 Precast
applicable to all precast concrete beams.
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2.3.1.7 Concrete Floor/Roof
2.3.1.7.1 CIP
on page 74 applicable to all CIP concrete floors/roofs.
I.A. For flat plate or flat slab (i.e. no beam supports) construction, prior to placing
concrete, no through penetrations occur adjacent to columns unless specifically
shown on approved drawings.
I.A.1. Any penetrations not shown on the approved documents must be approved
by the design professional and DSA prior to placing concrete.
I.A.2. Proper supplementary reinforcing, including any proprietary products,
where indicated in slabs adjacent to column supports.
I.B. Reinforcing clear cover at collector and boundary reinforcing at topping slabs over
precast elements.
I.C. Roofs
I.C.1. Where clay tile is installed over concrete roofs, if wire ties are specified for
tile anchorage, confirm secured placement per requirements prior to
placing concrete. Refer to 2.5.2.4.1 Roof Tile on page 167 for additional
information.
Concrete on page 83 applicable to all prestressed/post-tension concrete floors/roofs.
I.A. Tendon/duct placement, banding, and supports.
I.B. Refer to 2.3.1.7.1 CIP on page 88 for additional documentation and inspection
requirements.
2.3.1.7.3 Precast
applicable to all precast concrete floors/roofs.
I.A. Reinforcing clear cover at collector and boundary reinforcing for topping slabs over
precast elements.
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2.3.2 Masonry
In addition to the California Building Code, projects using masonry are generally governed by a
referenced standard issued by the Masonry Standards Joint Committee (MSJC; see
http://masonrystandards.org), which consists of committee groups in The Masonry Society
(TMS; see http://www.masonrysociety.org), American Concrete Institute (ACI; see
http://www.concrete.org), and the Structural Engineering Institute (SEI; see
http://content.seinstitute.org) of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE; see
http://www.asce.org). The primary reference for general design and construction requirements
is:
Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures, TMS 402/ACI 530/ASCE 5 (note:
TMS 402 will be the primary acronym used in this document when referenced)
Specification for Masonry Structures, TMS 602/ACI 530.1/ASCE 6 (note: TMS 602 will
be the primary acronym used in this document when referenced)
Special inspection by qualified individuals is required for masonry construction (refer to 1
ADMINISTRATION subsection 1.2.2 Required During Construction, II.A.2 on page 33 for a list
of DSA qualified masonry special inspectors). Frequently, testing of masonry units, its
components, its composite structure, or steel reinforcement is necessary for various portions of
masonry construction associated with the project. When such testing is necessary as dictated
by the construction documents, certain information must be included, depending on the type of
test that is being performed. While there are no format requirements, DSA 203: Tension/Bend,
DSA 204: Compression, and DSA 205: Concrete Masonry Unit provide a suggested format.
For some projects, post-installed anchors may also be used and require testing; DSA 206:
Anchor Load provides a suggested format for such tests (refer to APPENDIX B
REFERENCED DSA FORMS on page 313 for these forms).
For all masonry work, the following apply:
I.A. Shop Drawings:
I.A.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed anchorage,
embed, and steel reinforcing shop drawings.
approved construction documents, they must be approved by the
approved by DSA prior to installation of modified elements.
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I.B.1. Materials comply with requirements for the following:
I.B.1.1. Reinforcing steel
I.B.1.2. For concrete masonry units, refer to IR 21-4 for mandatory tests.
I.B.1.3. Unit strength method tests:
I.B.1.3.1. Masonry units
I.B.1.3.2. Mortar
I.B.1.3.3. Grout
I.B.1.3.3.1 NOTE: DSA-SS grout requirements are different
than those in DSA-SS/CC projects verify with
I.B.1.4. Prism test method tests:
I.B.1.4.1. Masonry prisms
I.B.1.4.1.1 NOTE: DSA-SS prism test requirements are
different than those in DSA-SS/CC projects
verify with approved construction documents.
I.B.1.5. Core-drill sample tests (see DSA 207 for a suggested test report
format NOTE: The content items in the form must be included
in the test report, regardless of the format used.).
I.B.1.5.1. Do not allow core-drilling through:
I.B.1.5.1.1 Reinforcing
I.B.1.5.1.2 At CMU block cross webs.
I.B.2. Post-installed anchors:
I.B.2.1.1. Refer to 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete subsection
I.B.3 Post-installed anchors: on page 76.
I.C.1. Masonry special inspector to provide documentation for the following in the
form of reports of tests performed and/or daily special inspection reports.
I.C.1.1. Unit cell size, including any special limitations.
I.C.1.1.1. If high-lift grouting method is used, bond beam units have
additional requirements given in IR 21-2.10 (IR 21-2 for
2001 and 2007 CBC projects).
I.C.1.1.2. NOTE: DSA-SS cell size requirements are different than
those in DSA-SS/CC projects verify with approved
I.C.1.2. Proportions of site-prepared, premixed or preblended:
I.C.1.2.1. Mortar
I.C.1.2.2. Grout
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I.C.1.2.2.1 NOTE: DSA-SS grout requirements are different
I.C.1.3. Preparation of prisms.
I.C.1.4. Size, location and condition of all dowels, construction supporting
masonry, etc.
I.C.1.5. Steel reinforcing:
I.C.1.5.1. Size
I.C.1.5.2. Grade
I.C.1.5.3. Type of reinforcement
I.C.1.6. Welding of reinforcing steel.
I.C.1.6.1. For welding of reinforcing steel, refer to I.C.1.2.2 Welding
on page 119 for additional documentation and inspection
requirements.
I.C.1.7. Placement of:
I.C.1.7.1. Steel reinforcement
I.C.1.7.1.1 Spacing
I.C.1.7.1.2 Clearance
I.C.1.7.1.3 NOTE: DSA-SS spacing and clearance
requirements are different than those in DSASS/CC projects in some conditions verify with
I.C.1.7.2. Connectors
I.C.1.7.3. Masonry units
I.C.1.8. Construction of mortar joints.
I.C.1.9. Protection of masonry during cold weather (i.e. less than 40 F) or
hot weather (i.e. greater than 100 F or 90 F with wind greater
than 8 mph).
I.C.1.10. Anchors and embedded items, including but not limited to those
connecting masonry to other portions or elements of the
structure:
I.C.1.10.1. Type
I.C.1.10.2. Size
I.C.1.10.3. Location
I.C.1.11. Grout space prior to grouting and placement of grout.
I.C.2. Upon completion of the masonry work, the masonry special inspector
II.B. While special inspection is required for masonry construction, the project inspector
provides oversight of the masonry special inspector.
II.B.1. Level of special inspection per requirements.
II.B.2. Materials:
II.B.2.1. Testing Program
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II.B.2.1.1. NOTE: DSA-SS prism test requirements are different
II.B.2.2. Grout
II.B.2.2.1. NOTE: DSA-SS grout requirements are different than
those in DSA-SS/CC projects verify with approved
II.B.2.3. Water
II.B.2.4. Aggregate
II.B.2.5. Proportions of constituent materials.
II.B.2.6. Admixtures
II.B.3. Installation
II.B.3.1. Tolerances
II.B.3.1.1. Element layout
II.B.3.1.2. Reinforcing
II.B.3.1.2.1 Size
II.B.3.1.2.2 Placement.
II.B.3.1.2.2.1 NOTE: DSA-SS spacing and clearance
requirements are different than those in
DSA-SS/CC projects in some conditions
verify with approved construction
documents.
II.B.3.1.3. All mechanical, electrical, and plumbing work is in place
(see appropriate sections in 2.5 Non-Structural
Component Support/Bracing/Anchorage starting on page
159 and 5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND
SYSTEMS starting on page 236 for additional
information).
II.B.3.1.4. Conduit and pipe locations per approved plans. See
Figure 2-19 for coordination problems associated with
conduits and pipes.
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Figure 2-19: Coordination Problems in Masonry for Conduits/Pipes
Figure 2-20:
II.B.3.2. Any special construction requirements:

II.B.3.2.1. During hot (i.e. greater than 100 F or 90 F with wind
greater than 8 mph) and cold (i.e. less than 40 F)
weather.
II.B.3.2.2. High- and low-lift grouting methods. Also see IR 21-2.10
(applicable for both DSA-SS and DSA-SS/CC projects)
(IR 21-2 for 2001 and 2007 CBC projects).
II.B.3.2.2.1 NOTE: DSA-SS high- and low-lift requirements
are different than those in DSA-SS/CC projects in
some conditions verify with approved
II.B.3.2.2.2 Additional requirements for bond beam units if
high-lift grouting occurs (see IR 21-2.10 section
4.4 and 4.9.2; IR 21-2 for 2001 and 2007 CBC
CMU Clearance at Bolt
projects).
II.B.3.2.3. Bolts:
II.B.3.2.3.1 Type
II.B.3.2.3.2 Size
II.B.3.2.3.3 Clearances. See Figure 2-20.
II.B.3.3. Post-installed anchors and connections:
II.B.3.3.1. Refer to the post-installed anchor section in 2.3.1.1 Cast
In Place (CIP) Concrete subsection II.F Post-installed
anchors and connections: on page 82.
II.B.3.4. Clean top of footing at first masonry course (concrete starter wall
helps alleviate cleaning problems).
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II.B.3.5. Clean-outs at bottom of each pour (sand layer frequently used to
facilitate clean-out procedures). See Figure 2-21.
Figure 2-21: Cleanouts at Bottoms of Cells
II.B.3.6. Maximum mortar fin projection per requirements.

II.B.3.7. Full mortar head/bed joints. See Figure 2-22 for an example
showing mortar not providing a full head joint and excessive
mortar fins.
Figure 2-22: Lacking Full Head Joint; Mortar Fins Excessive
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II.B.3.8. No wet setting of bolts/headed studs/embeds.
II.B.3.9. Out-of-plane wall ties/anchorage proper location vertically and
horizontally (see Figure 2-23).
Figure 2-23: Incorrect Out-Of-Plane Strap Placement

Figure 2-24: Congested Reinforcing in Masonry
II.B.3.10. Congested reinforcing areas (e.g. piers, columns, boundary

members in shear walls, wall corners and intersections, etc.
see Figure 2-24).
II.B.3.11. Grout consolidation, reconsolidation, and curing.
2.3.2.1 Masonry Walls
Refer to 2.3.2 Masonry on page 89 for documentation and inspection requirements.
2.3.2.2 Masonry Columns/Pilasters
2.3.2.3 Masonry Piers
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2.3.3 Wood
In addition to the California Building Code, projects using wood products are generally
governed by several referenced standards issued by the American Forest and Paper
Association (AF&PA; see http://www.afandpa.org) through their wood products division, the
American Wood Council (AWC; http://www.awc.org). The primary reference for general design
and construction requirements is:
National Design Specification (NDS) for Wood Construction, ANSI/AF&PA NDS
Additional standards apply for buildings using wood structural panel based SLRS, which are
discussed in further detail in the section 2.4.3.1 Wood Structural Panel on page 142.
The following items apply to all light wood frame construction.
I. Receipt of documentation for constructed
elements: While the items noted below are
included as documentation items, the
material/structural test documentation for
wood materials are frequently on the actual
wood member or panel. Documentation or
markings is/are required for each type of
wood product.
I.A. Pressure preservative-treated (PT)
wood: PT wood (lumber and wood
structural panel) is marked/labeled
by an approved inspection agency
per requirements (see Figure 2-25
Figure 2-25: PT Label and explanation of labeling
for an example, taken from Figure
15-6 of General Technical Report
FPL-GTR-190. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Forest Products Laboratory: 15-1 - 15-28. Chapter 15.).
I.B. Fire-retardant-treated (FRT) wood: FRT wood (lumber and wood structural panel)
is marked/labeled by an approved agency with documentation per requirements.
(Refer to CBC 2303.2 for commonly specified required markings and
documentation):
I.C. Framing
I.C.1. Sawn Lumber
I.C.1.1. Framing is marked/labeled by a grade mark of an approved
agency per requirements (see Figure 2-27 for an example of
Machine Stress Rated (MSR) and Machine Evaluated Lumber
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(MEL) and Figure 2-26 for an example of visually graded lumber).
Commonly specified minimum information includes:
I.C.1.1.1. Grade
I.C.1.1.2. Species
Figure 2-27: MSR/MEL Grade Stamp Example
Figure 2-26: Visually Graded

Framing Grade Stamp Example
I.C.1.2. When specified for precut, remanufactured, rough-lumber, and

sizes larger than the indicated limit, if no grade mark is present, a
certification of inspection is provided by an approved agency.
I.C.2. I-Joists
I.C.2.1. Identified per requirements. (Refer to IR 23-9.10 for additional
information and IR 23-9 for 2001 and 2007 CBC projects.)
I.C.2.1.1. Manufacturers Name
I.C.2.1.2. Quality Assurance Agencys Name
I.C.2.1.3. Where in-service moisture content exceeds specified
limits, manufacturer provides additional documentation
indicating allowance for such conditions.
I.C.2.1.4. Commonly specified required markings often include the
following (taken from ASTM D5055-05):
I.C.2.1.4.1 Product
I.C.2.1.4.2 Company Name
I.C.2.1.4.3 Plant Location or Number
I.C.2.1.4.4 Qualified Agency Name or Logo
I.C.2.1.4.5 Date of Manufacture
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I.C.3. Structural Composite Lumber (SCL)
I.C.3.1. Identified by a quality assurance agency per requirements. (See
Figure 2-28 for an example).
Figure 2-28: SCL Markings Example
I.C.3.1.1. Manufacturers Name

I.C.3.1.2. Quality Assurance Agencys Name
I.C.3.2. The SCL must comply with all requirements, including (but not
limited to) (NOTE: Design values for both the member and
fasteners could be reduced if the noted requirements are not
provided.):
I.C.3.2.1. Type of Member (e.g. PSL, LVL, ML, etc.)
I.C.3.2.2. Wood Species (e.g. DF, SP, YP, etc.)
I.C.3.2.3. Grade (e.g. 2.1E, 2.0E, 1.9E, etc.)
I.C.3.2.4. Design values for both the member and fasteners could
be reduced if the noted requirements are not provided.
I.C.3.3. Where in-service moisture content exceeds specified limits,
manufacturer provides additional documentation indicating
allowance for such conditions.
I.C.4. Glulams
I.C.4.1. Certificate of conformance issued by an accredited inspection
agency.
I.C.4.2. Markings on glulam per requirements (for custom and non-custom
members; refer to ANSI/AITC 190.1-07 for commonly specified
required markings).
I.C.4.3. Special Inspection Documentation:
I.C.4.3.1. Special inspectors stamp on each glulam (see Figure
2-29 for an example; special inspectors stamp is usually
specified to be required for fabrication of non-custom
members exceeding 51/8x18 with span larger than 320 and custom members of any size and span). (Refer
to
https://www.apps.dgs.ca.gov/Tracker/InspByCategory.as
px?Id=10 for a list of DSA approved Glulam inspectors.)
I.C.4.3.2. The special inspection report provides the following:
Figure 2-29: Glulam Special
Inspection Stamp Example
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I.C.4.3.2.1 Verification of proper quality control procedures
and tests on materials and during manufacturing
process.
I.C.4.3.2.2 Indication of visual inspection of finished product.
I.C.4.3.3. Special inspector provides verified report for glulam
fabrication (DSA 292).
I.C.5. Certified Glued Lumber (CGL)
I.C.5.1. Grade stamped by an American Lumber Standard Committee
(ALSC) approved agency. (Refer to IR 23-10 for additional
information.)
I.C.5.2. NOTE: CGL does not qualify as structural glued-laminated timber
(glulam) but can be used as an alternative to sawn lumber or
timber. When used, CGL is designated as Certified Glued
Lumber.
I.D. Trusses
I.D.1. Receipt of design professional reviewed and DSA approved shop or design
drawings and placement/erection drawings. (NOTE: Information
commonly found in truss design drawings is given in CBC 2303.4.1 and
2303.4.3.1.)
I.D.1.1. Statement of General Conformance by design professional in
general responsible charge is on the truss drawings per IR A-18.
I.D.1.2. Seal and signature by the truss designer.
I.D.1.2.1. Truss placement diagrams that serve only as a guide for
installation and do not deviate from the approved
submittal drawings are not required to bear the seal or
signature of the truss designer.
I.D.1.3. When the truss span is 60 feet or more, verify the design of
temporary installation restraint/bracing is provided by a licensed
design professional. (See I.D.2.1.2 below for special inspection
requirements.)
I.D.1.4. Metal Plate Connected Wood Trusses:
I.D.1.4.1. Unless specifically noted otherwise in the approved
construction documents, when the clear span exceeds
60 feet, a registered design professional provides a
special inspection report indicating that the temporary
and permanent restraint/bracing are installed properly.
I.D.1.5. Manufactured Wood-Chord-Metal-Web Trusses (refer to IR 23-8
for additional information):
I.D.1.5.1. Special inspection report must indicate whether the truss
was fabricated in accordance with the ICC ES report.
I.D.1.5.2. For each truss, project inspector to verify special
inspection mark, which must include at least the special
inspectors initials and date.
I.D.2. Special Inspection Documentation:
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I.D.2.1. Special inspectors stamp on each truss inspected for proper
fabrication.
I.D.2.1.1. Report includes following items:
I.D.2.1.1.1 List all inspected trusses
I.D.2.1.1.2 Indicate where inspected trusses comply with
requirements
I.D.2.1.1.3 Any non-conforming items are noted
I.D.2.1.2. Metal-plate-connected wood trusses:
I.D.2.1.2.1 For trusses spanning 60 feet or more, indication
that the temporary installation restraint/bracing
and the permanent individual truss member
restraint/bracing are installed in accordance with
the approved truss submittal package.
I.D.2.1.3. Special inspectors verified report for open-web wood
truss fabrication (DSA 292).
I.E. Wood structural panels
I.E.1. Panels have panel markings by an approved testing and grading agency
(refer to IR 23-6 for a list of qualified testing
and inspection agencies) per requirements
(see Figure 2-30 for an example and p. 6 of
APAs Engineered Wood Construction
Guide for explanations of common panel
markings).
I.F. Fasteners
I.F.1. Supplier or producer certificate for
compliance with requirements for nails,
spikes, and staples.
I.F.1.1. When ASTM F1667 is specified,
verify with requirements whether
the minimum bending yield
strengths indicated in the
Supplementary Requirements to
Figure 2-30: Example Wood
Structural Panel Grade Stamp
ASTM F1667 are also required to
be included with the certificate.
I.F.2. Supplier or producer certificate for threaded, hardened-steel nails, and
spikes consisting of high carbon steel wire, headed, pointed, annularly or
helically threaded.
I.F.2.1. Verify with approved construction documents whether the
certificate must indicate that these items are heat treated and
tempered to provide greater yield strength than for common wire
nails of corresponding size.
II.A. Proper site storage procedures for all lumber to prevent decay, moisture
accumulation, and insect/pest attack per requirements.
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II.B. Framing
II.B.1. Lumber
II.B.1.1. Species
II.B.1.2. Grade
II.B.1.2.1. Both the species and grade must comply with the
requirements. For example, Douglas Fir/Larch #2, or
Construction Grade is commonly specified, but Hem Fir
#1 and Better is not an acceptable substitute since its
density is less which reduces connection capacities.
II.B.1.2.2. Periodically re-verify wood products comply with
requirements. Reject any material that may no longer
comply with requirements (e.g. split ends) even though it
may have initially complied when first received at the
site.
II.B.1.2.3. Do not allow substitution of one grade better than
another without design professional and DSA approval.
There are some situations in which the next grade
better is actually worse, depending on the loading
Figure 2-31: Moisture Meter
direction on the member.
II.B.1.3. Moisture content (see Figure 2-31 for an example of a moisture
meter that can be used to verify moisture content of wood
products).
II.B.2. Glulam
Recommendation: When the
II.B.2.1. Glulam protection during
wood looks wet, especially at or
construction.
near connections, use a
II.B.3. Framing Installation
moisture meter to determine if
II.B.3.1. Moisture content during
the wood meets requirements.
framing and fastener
installation.
II.B.3.2. Cuts, notches, countersinking, and holes
II.B.3.2.1. All cuts, notches, countersinking, and holes are shown
on the DSA approved drawings; no cuts, notches,
tapers, shaving, countersinking, holes or other
alterations may be made in any wood products (e.g.
lumber, trusses, glulams, structural composite lumber, Ijoists, etc.) if not shown on the DSA approved drawings
without prior written approval by the design professionals
and DSA.
II.B.3.2.2. Limits provided in CBC 2308 are NOT to be used on the
project unless specifically indicated in the approved
II.B.3.2.3. Framing members at areas with multiple pipes and/or
Figure 2-32: Unacceptable Notching
electrical conduits - multiple holes/notches (e.g.
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minimum spacing between holes/notches, etc. see
Figure 2-32).
II.B.3.3. Pressure-preservative treated (PT) wood
II.B.3.3.1. PT wood is provided where indicated on approved
construction documents. (Refer to Table 2-1 and
http://www.awpa.com/references/official.asp for
commonly specified PT lumber use categories and
corresponding descriptions.)
Table 2-1: AWPA Use Categories and Brief Description
Use Category
Brief Description
UC1
Interior Dry
UC2
Interior Damp
UC3A
Exterior Above Ground, Coated with Rapid Water Runoff
UC3B
Exterior Above Ground, Uncoated or Poor Water Runoff
UC4A
Ground Contact, General Use
UC4B
Ground Contact, Heavy Duty
UC4C
Ground Contact, Extreme Duty
UC5A
Marine Use, Northern Waters (Salt or Brackish Water)
UC5B
Marine Use, Central Waters (Salt or Brackish Water)
UC5C
Marine Use, Southern Waters (Salt or Brackish Water)
UCFA
Interior Above Ground Fire Protection
UCFB
Exterior Above Ground Fire Protection
II.B.3.3.2. Maximum incision parameters for pressure treated

dimension lumber.
II.B.3.3.3. Proper treatment of any newly exposed PT lumber
surfaces from any cut or notching.
II.B.3.3.4. Clearances to untreated wood meet requirements.
II.B.3.3.4.1 NOTE: DSA-SS untreated wood clearance
requirements are more or less restrictive than
those in DSA-SS/CC verify with approved
II.B.4. Beams
II.B.4.1. During construction, where members defined as Beams and
Stringers (i.e. 5 inch nominal) are cut to length after being
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graded and the grading provisions are different for the middle
third than the outer third, they are re-graded by an approved
agency.
II.B.4.2. Where Beams and Stringers (i.e. 5 inch nominal) are continuous
or cantilever, the grading provisions applicable to the middle 1/3
span apply to the entire beam length. Verify such grading
procedures provide a member that complies with requirements.
II.B.5. I-Joists
II.B.5.1. Proper installation based on the more stringent of the
manufacturer or ICC ES report. Refer to IR 23-9.10 for additional
information.
II.B.5.2. Bridging per requirements.
II.B.5.3. No splitting at connections (refer to ICC ES report for minimum
permitted nail spacing based on size of nail and type of I-Joist).
Common locations for splitting are:
II.B.5.3.1. Solid sawn lumber flange connections at bearing
locations (e.g. wall top plates).
II.B.5.3.2. Tie strap or other connector hardware (end distance and
spacing of nails).
II.B.5.3.3. Web stiffeners (comply with the manufacturers
requirements).
II.B.5.3.4. I-joist chord, or web filler, that is a part of a wall
anchorage system.
II.B.5.3.5. I-Joist flange receiving diaphragm sheathing nails
II.B.5.3.5.1 Minimum thickness and width of the flange per
requirements.
II.B.5.3.6. Shear transfer nailing at I-Joist blocking panels.
II.B.6. Structural Composite Lumber (SCL)
II.B.6.1. Proper installation based on the more stringent of the
manufacturers and ICC ES report requirements.
II.B.6.2. No splitting at connections occurs (refer to ICC ES report for
minimum nail spacing based on size of nail and type of member).
Common locations for splitting are:
II.B.6.2.1. Solid sawn lumber flange connections at bearing
locations (e.g. wall top plates).
II.B.6.2.2. Tie strap or other connector hardware (end distance and
spacing of nails).
II.B.6.2.3. When member is a part of a wall anchorage system.
II.B.6.2.4. Members receiving diaphragm sheathing.
II.B.6.2.5. Shear transfer nailing at SCL blocking panels.
II.B.6.2.6. At laminated veneer lumber (LVL) members with nails
installed on member edges between plies.
II.B.7. Trusses
II.B.7.1. Pre-Installation Check
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II.B.7.1.1. Refer to I.C.5.1 on page 99 above for required
documentation.
II.B.7.1.2. Truss Size
II.B.7.1.2.1 Verify members and connections are within
fabrication tolerances specified by section 6.4.10
of ANSI/TPI 1-2007.
II.B.7.1.3. Cracked, dislodged, bent, or broken members.
II.B.7.1.4. Any other damage that could affect the structural integrity
of the truss.
II.B.7.1.4.1 For Metal-Plate-Connected-Wood Trusses,
check for dislodged or missing connectors.
II.B.7.2. Installation
II.B.7.2.1. Placement complies with DSA approved documents and
truss placement diagram, including all details (e.g.
bridging, bracing, connections, etc.).
II.B.7.2.1.1 Moisture content during truss and fastener
installation.
II.B.7.2.1.2 Field placement for manufactured wood-chordmetal web trusses (see IR 23-8), including all
details (e.g. bridging, bracing, connections, etc.).
II.B.7.3. Post-Installation Check
II.B.7.3.1. Cracked, dislodged, bent, or broken members.
II.B.7.3.2. Any other damage that could affect the structural integrity
of the truss.
II.B.7.3.2.1 For Metal-Plate-Connected-Wood Trusses,
check for dislodged or missing connectors.
II.C. Wood structural panels
II.C.1. Span rating
II.C.2. Nominal thickness
II.C.3. Exposure rating
II.C.4. Grade
II.C.5. Moisture content during wood structural panel and nailing installation.
II.C.6. Gaps between installed panels comply with the more restrictive of the
manufacturers and approved construction document documentation and
II.C.7. Staggering of panel joints.
II.C.8. Where plaster is applied over wood-based sheathing, refer to 2.6.1.1
Roofing on page 169 for additional requirements.
II.C.9. Fasteners
II.C.9.1. Refer to 2.4.3.1 Wood Structural Panel on page 142 for additional
documentation and inspection requirements at diaphragms and
shear walls using wood structural panels.
II.C.9.1.1. Fastener Type
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II.C.9.1.1.1 Staples are not permitted at diaphragms and
shear walls.
II.C.9.1.2. Shank dimension
II.C.9.1.3. Head size
II.C.9.1.4. Penetration
II.C.9.1.5. Spacing
II.C.9.1.6. Edge dimensions
II.C.9.2. Sheathing nails or other approved sheathing connectors are
driven so that their head or crown is flush with the surface of the
sheathing.
II.C.9.2.1. Approval of machine nailing requires both satisfactory
jobsite demonstration and continual satisfactory
performance.
II.C.9.3. Nail-to-panel edge distance. NOTE: In high-wind regions, inch
may be required at wood shear walls where shown on DSA
approved plans. Refer to section 2.4.3.1 Wood Structural Panel
subsection II.B.4.8 Special requirements at high-wind regions on
page 146 for additional information.
II.C.9.4. View sheathing from open framing side to verify nailing engages
framing (i.e. no shiners).
II.D. Connections
II.D.1. Connection Geometry:
II.D.1.1. Heavy or moderate loads are not supported by bolts/lags below
the neutral axis without reinforcement to resist tension stresses
perpendicular to grain.
II.D.1.2. Connections that cause tension stress perpendicular to grain
have mechanical reinforcement to resist all such stresses.
II.D.1.3. Wood screws, nails, and spikes are not used in end grain
withdrawal.
II.D.1.4. Where multiple fasteners occur:
II.D.1.4.1. Spacing is staggered whenever feasible.
II.D.1.4.1.1 NOTE: There may be some locations where it is
required refer to other sections (e.g. 2.4.3.1.1
Light Wood Framing on page 142) and DSA
approved drawings for information.
II.D.1.4.2. Centroid of fastener group lines up with centroid of
member, unless specifically detailed otherwise on DSA
approved drawings.
II.D.1.5. Connection configuration does not cause bending in nails.
II.D.2. Fasteners
II.D.2.1. NOTE: Sinker and box nails are not equivalent to common
nails with the same penny weight (i.e. 10d, 16d, etc.); such nails
have lower capacities when compared to common nails.
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Figure
II.D.2.2. Moisture content of wood products during fastener installation

(see II.B.3.1 on page 101 - significant reductions to fastener
design values are required if the moisture content exceeds code
limits).
II.D.2.3. In preservative-treated or exterior/wet/damp fire-retardant-treated
wood applications, fasteners have specified corrosion protection.
II.D.2.4. Fasteners used for attachment of exterior wall coverings have
corrosion protection in compliance with requirements. (NOTE:
DSA-SS corrosion requirements are different than those in DSASS/CC verify with approved construction documents.)
II.D.2.5. Proprietary Connections
II.D.2.5.1. Proper installation procedures for connections (see
Figure 2-33 for an example of improper installation).
II.D.2.5.2. Any special requirements (often dictated by
manufacturers recommendations) associated with
fasteners used in proprietary connection components
(see IR 23-1 for additional requirements):
II.D.2.5.2.1 Nail gauge and length.
II.D.2.5.2.2 All nail holes filled.
II.D.2.5.2.3 Corrosion resistant coatings
II.D.2.5.2.3.1 Corrosion protection for exterior
exposed fasteners.
II.D.2.5.2.3.2 Compatibility of such coatings with
preservative treatment chemicals in the
wood when in contact with them per
manufacturers recommendations.
II.D.2.6. Bolts, Nuts, Washers
II.D.2.6.1. Dimensional requirements. Frequently specified
requirements for bolts include reference to ANSI/ASME
2-33: Improper Hanger
Standard B18.2.1 or B18.2.6 (refer to Table 2-2, taken
Installation
from Table L1 in AF&PA 2005 NDS).
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Table 2-2: Standard Hex Bolt Dimensions
II.D.2.6.2. Reduced body diameter bolts are not permitted; full body
diameter bolts are required (refer to IR 23-5 for
additional information).
II.D.2.6.3. Installation Requirements
II.D.2.6.3.1 Bolt hole tolerance.
II.D.2.6.3.1.1 All fixes to oversized holes shall be
approved by design professional and
DSA.
II.D.2.6.3.2 Specified metal plate, strap, or washer (a
commonly specified minimum is not less than a
standard cut washer see Table 2-6 on page 144
for standard cut washer dimensions) between
wood and bolt heads.
II.D.2.6.3.2.1 Plate washers at sill plate anchor bolts.
See 2.3.3.1 Walls subsection II.C.4 on
page 104 and 2.4.3.1.1 Light Wood
Framing subsection II.B.4.5.4.2 Anchor
bolt requirements on page 143 for
II.D.2.6.3.3 Placement of bolt (see Figure 2-34 for commonly
specified dimensions, though dimensions shown
are not absolute minimums allowed based on
code allowances with engineering analysis).
II.D.2.6.3.3.1 Edge Distance
II.D.2.6.3.3.2 End Distance
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II.D.2.6.3.3.3 Fastener Spacing
Figure 2-34: Commonly Specified Bolt Placement Dimensions
II.D.2.6.3.4 Bolt thread length in bearing on wood member

does not exceed specified limits.
II.D.2.6.3.5 Bolts are re-tightened prior to closing in.
II.D.2.7. Lag screws
requirements include reference to ANSI/ASME Standard
B18.2.1 (refer toTable 2-3 taken from Table L2 in
AF&PA 2005 NDS.
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Table 2-3: Dimensions for Standard Hex Lag Screws

II.D.2.7.2.1 Predrilling for lead holes and thread length (see
Figure 2-35 for commonly specified
Figure 2-35: Commonly Specified PreDrilling for Lag Screw
requirements).
II.D.2.7.2.2 Specified lubricant is used to facilitate lag screw
installation.
II.D.2.7.2.3 Specified penetration into main member.
II.D.2.7.2.4 Placement of lag screw:
II.D.2.8. Wood screws
requirements include reference to ANSI/ASME Standard
B18.6.1 (refer to Table 2-4 taken from Table L3 in
AF&PA 2005 NDS) for further information).
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Table 2-4: Dimensions for Standard Wood Screws

II.D.2.8.2.1 Lead holes per requirements.
II.D.2.8.2.2 Specified lubricant is used to facilitate lag screw
installation.
II.D.2.8.2.3 Specified penetration into main member.
II.D.2.8.2.4 Placement of lag screw per requirements and
does not cause splitting:
II.D.2.9. Staples are not permitted for use in diaphragms nor shear walls.
II.D.2.10. Nails/Spikes
II.D.2.10.1. Dimensional requirements. Minimum specified nail
dimensions often reference to those limits provided in
ASTM F1667 (refer to Table 2-5, from Appendix A of
AF&PAs SDPWS).
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Table 2-5: Minimum Nail Dimensions

II.D.2.10.2.1 Toenails (see Figure 2-36 for commonly
specified installation requirements)
II.D.2.10.2.2 Placement of nail and member splitting:
II.D.2.10.2.2.4 Where splitting occurs, pre-drilling may
be required per the approved
Figure 2-36: Toe Nailing
Installation
2.3.3.1 Walls
I. Receipt of documentation for constructed elements: Refer to section 2.3.3 Wood on
page 96 for documentation and inspection requirements.
II.A. Refer to relevant sections in 2.2 Foundation Systems starting on page 62 for items
to be inspected prior to wall framing inspections (e.g. concrete foundations,
embeds, anchor bolt placement, etc.).
II.B. Walls are plumb and true within specified tolerances.
II.C. Wall sill plate
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II.C.1. Size
II.C.2. Refer to 2.3.3 Wood subsection II.B.3.3 Pressure-preservative treated
(PT) wood on page 102 for PT inspection information.
II.C.2.1. PT may not be needed if specified clear distances or other
provisions between wood and slab on grade or exterior grade are
provided. (NOTE: DSA-SS/CC requirements are more or less
restrictive than DSA-SS requirements verify with approved
construction documents.)
II.C.3. Notching and holes per requirements. Refer to 2.3.3 Wood subsection
II.B.3.2 on page 101 and II.C.4.2 below on page 113 for additional
requirements.
II.C.4. Anchor bolts
II.C.4.1. Refer to 2.3.3 Wood subsection II.D.2.6 Bolts on page 106 for
dimensional and installation inspection requirements, (see Figure
2-37).
II.C.4.1.1. Where wood structural panels are part of light frame
shear wall construction, refer to 2.4.3.1 Wood Structural
Panel subsection II.B.4.5.4.2 Anchor bolt requirements
on page 143 for anchor bolt inspection requirements.
II.C.4.2. Check that conduits, pipes, etc. passing through sill plate are at
the specified distance from anchor bolts (see Figure 2-38).
Figure 2-37: Improper
Oversized A.B. Hole
II.C.4.2.1. Pipes through bottom plates have straps as indicated in
approved drawings.
Bolt too close
to conduit hole
Closely spaced conduits ruin

shear wall effectiveness
Figure 2-38: Common Sill Plate Construction Problems
II.C.5. Where post-installed anchors or shotpins/power-actuated pins are used,

placement requirements are met (especially edge distances at curbs and
edge of slab conditions). For both masonry and concrete construction,
refer to the post-installed anchor section in 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP)
Concrete subsection I.B.3 Post-installed anchors: on page 76 and
subsection II.F Post-installed anchors and connections: on page 82 for
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II.D. Wall studs/posts
II.D.1. Stud/post
II.D.1.1. Size
II.D.1.2. Placement/Spacing
II.D.2. Wall corners and intersections.
II.D.3. Nailing of stud to sill plate and top plate (e.g. per typical nailing schedule
provided in approved construction documents).
II.D.3.1. NOTE: 20d may need to be used at 3x sill plates to achieve
required minimum penetration verify with approved construction
documents.
II.D.3.2. Special connections and framing requirements at openings and
other special conditions (e.g. multiple trimmer/king studs;
additional clips at top and bottom of king studs for large openings;
etc.).
II.D.4. Cuts, holes, notches, and countersinking. See 2.3.3 Wood subsection
II.B.3.2 on page 101 for additional information.
II.D.5. Blocking Requirements
II.E. Top Plate
II.E.1. Size
II.E.2. Overlap at corners and intersections.
II.E.3. Minimum lap splice per requirements.
II.E.3.1. Special conditions which may indicate different sizes of double
top plates.
II.E.3.2. At top plate splice, refer to 2.4.3.1 Wood Structural Panel
subsection II.B.4.5.5 Top plate on page 145 for inspection
requirements.
II.E.4. Check that conduits, pipes, etc. passing through top plate are at the
specified distance from top plate splice.
II.E.4.1. Confirm specified straps at top plates where interrupted by
pipes/conduit.
II.F. Walls are plumb and true within specified tolerances.
II.G. All mechanical, electrical, and plumbing work is in place (see appropriate sections
in 2.5 Non-Structural Component Support/Bracing/Anchorage starting on page 159
and 5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS starting on page 236
II.H. Wall Sheathing
II.H.1. See 2.3.3 Wood subsection II.C Wood structural panels on page 104 for
requirements.
II.H.2. At wood structural panel shear walls, refer to 2.4.3.1 Wood Structural
Panel on page 142 for additional documentation and inspection
requirements.
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2.3.3.2 Floor/Roof
II.A. Framing
II.A.1. Refer to section 2.3.3 Wood , subsections II.B.2 Glulams on page 101,
II.B.4 Beams on page 102, II.B.5 I-Joists on page 103, II.B.6 Structural
Composite Lumber (SCL) on page 103, and II.B.7 Trusses on page 103,
for inspection requirements.
II.A.2. Size
II.A.3. Framing Installation
II.A.3.1. Location and spacing.
II.A.3.2. Installation per ICC ES (or DSA recognized equivalent) report
requirements for specified proprietary engineered framing (e.g. IJoists, SCL, etc.).
II.A.3.3. Blocking/rotational restraint at bearing points (e.g. at platform
framing conditions).
II.A.3.4. Bridging
II.A.3.5. Any special framing of joists below partitions with piping (e.g.
often specified to be doubled and bridged).
II.A.3.6. Connections
II.A.3.6.1. Joist/beam/rafter connection to top plate/beam/wall.
II.A.3.6.2. Connection Hardware
II.A.3.6.3. Straps/ties/lap (sheathing is not permitted to act as a tie)
connecting joists/beams when spliced over support.
II.A.3.6.4. For connections, refer to 2.3.3 Wood subsection II.D
Connections on page 105 for additional inspection
requirements.
II.B. All mechanical, electrical, and plumbing work is in place (see appropriate sections
in 5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS starting on page 236 for
II.C. Floor/Roof Sheathing
II.C.1. See 2.3.3 Wood subsection II.C Wood structural panels on page 104 for
II.C.2. For wood structural panel diaphragms, refer to 2.4.3.1 Wood Structural
Panel on page 142 for additional documentation and inspection
requirements.
II.C.3. Where overhang or cantilever conditions occur, diaphragm boundary
nailing occurs at exterior wall verify with approved construction
documents.
II.C.3.1. Where overhang/cantilever is larger than a few feet, boundary
nailing may be required at the edge framing/blocking beyond the
exterior wall verify with approved construction documents.
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2.3.4 Steel
2.3.4.1 Structural Steel
In addition to the California Building Code, projects using structural steel are generally
governed by several referenced standards issued by the American Institute of Steel
Construction (AISC; see http://www.aisc.org). Specifically, those are as listed below:
Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, ANSI/AISC 360
Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges, ANSI/AISC 303
Additional standards apply for buildings using structural steel seismic force resisting systems,
which are discussed in further detail in the 2.4.4.1 Structural Steel on page 148.
The Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC; see http://www.boltcouncil.org)
provides standards for high-strength fasteners in their reference standard, listed below:
Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts
The American Welding Society (AWS; see http://www.aws.org) provides standards for welding
in several referenced standards, listed below:
Structural Welding Code Steel, AWS D1.1
Structural Welding Code Sheet Steel, AWS D1.3
Structural Welding Code Reinforcing Steel, AWS D1.4
Additional standards apply for buildings using structural steel seismic force resisting systems,
which are discussed in further detail in the section 2.4.4.1 Structural Steel on page 148.
Frequently, testing of structural steel connections is necessary for various portions of structural
steel construction associated with the project. When such testing is necessary as dictated by
the construction documents, certain information must be included, depending on the type of
test that is being performed. While there are no format requirements, DSA 208: High Strength
Bolt, DSA 209: Fireproofing Density, and DSA 210: Ultrasonic (NDT) provide a suggested
format (refer to APPENDIX B REFERENCED DSA FORMS on page 313 for these forms).
The following information applies to all structural steel items on a given project.
I.A. Shop Drawings:
I.A.1. Where applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed structural steel
shop drawings (usually broken up into: 1. embedment drawings [often
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referred to as anchor bolt layout drawings] and 2. remaining structural
steel shop and erection related [i.e. erection bracing and erection]
drawings).
approved construction documents, they must be submitted to
DSA for review and approval prior to installation of modified
elements.
I.B.1. Framing Members
I.B.1.1. For steel shipped directly to the site without welding or
fabrication, the project inspector shall check the following for
compliance with requirements - otherwise, the special
inspector shall check and report on the following in the form of
reports of tests performed and/or daily special inspection reports:
I.B.1.1.1. All materials are appropriately marked.
I.B.1.1.2. Traceability of chain of custody from mill to fabricator to
jobsite (e.g. mill identification mark or heat numbers on
material).
I.B.1.1.3. Mill certificates provided for all materials.
I.B.1.1.3.1 Mill analysis or test report with
chemical/mechanical test and material
specification designation with heat numbers.
I.B.1.1.4. Material/member sizes
I.B.1.1.5. Material types
I.B.1.1.6. Material grades
I.B.1.1.6.1 For Fy greater than 36 ksi, ASTM or other
specification designation is indicated near the
erection mark on each piece (over shop paint, if
occurs).
I.B.1.2. Lab tests for unidentified materials.
I.B.2. Connections
I.B.2.1. Test high-strength fasteners (IR 17-8):
I.B.2.1.1. Bolts
I.B.2.1.2. Nuts
I.B.2.1.3. Washers
I.B.2.1.4. Identification of fastener components as noted in IR 17-8.
I.B.2.1.4.1 Manufacturers certification frequently includes:
I.B.2.1.4.1.1 Heat analysis and heat number.
I.B.2.1.4.1.2 Hardness test, tensile test, wedge test,
and proof load test results.
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I.B.2.1.4.1.3 Visual inspection for head burst.
I.B.2.1.4.1.4 Statement of compliance with
dimensional and thread fit requirements.
I.B.2.1.4.1.5 Production lot number.
I.B.2.1.4.1.6 Title and signature of person assigned
certification responsibility.
I.B.2.2. Welding:
I.B.2.2.1. Weld filler material
I.B.2.2.1.1 Identification markings per AWS designation
listed on the DSA approved documents and the
Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS).
I.B.2.2.1.2 Manufacturers certificate of compliance.
I.B.2.2.2. WPS
I.B.2.2.3. Welder qualifications
I.B.2.2.4. Equipment
I.B.2.2.5. For Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) requirements (which
are usually associated with structural steel seismic
lateral force resisting systems), refer to 2.4.4.1 Structural
Steel subsection I.A.2.1 Welding: on page 149.
I.B.3. Spray Applied Fire-Proofing
I.B.3.1. Tests of bond strength
I.B.3.2. Tests of density
I.C.1. Special inspector to provide documentation for the following in the form of
reports of tests performed and/or daily special inspection reports.
I.C.1.1. Framing Members
I.C.1.1.1. Examine seam welds of structural tubes and pipes (refer
to IR 17-3 and Bulletin BU 07-03 for additional
information).
I.C.1.1.2. Stiffener locations
I.C.1.1.3. Connection tab locations
I.C.1.1.4. All construction details fabricated in the shop.
I.C.1.2. Connections
I.C.1.2.1. High-Strength Bolts (HSB), nuts and washers.
I.C.1.2.1.1 Refer to IR 17-9 for HSB special inspection
requirements.
I.C.1.2.1.2 Identification Markings.
I.C.1.2.1.3 Manufacturer's certificates of compliance conform
to ASTM standards specified in the DSA
approved documents.
I.C.1.2.1.3.1 Reuse of ASTM A490 and galvanized
A325 is not permitted.
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I.C.1.2.1.4 Bearing-type (snug tight) connections.
I.C.1.2.1.5 Slip-critical connections.
I.C.1.2.1.6 Upon completion of high-strength bolt installation,
the special inspector provides a verified report
(DSA 292).
I.C.1.2.2. Welding
I.C.1.2.2.1 Refer to IR 17-3 for welding special inspection
requirements.
I.C.1.2.2.2 Welding special inspectors have the following:
I.C.1.2.2.2.1 DSA Approved Documents
I.C.1.2.2.2.2 Applicable Welding Codes/Standards.
I.C.1.2.2.2.3 Welder Qualification Records
I.C.1.2.2.2.4 Temperature Sticks
I.C.1.2.2.2.5 Calibrated hand-held volt/amp meter
I.C.1.2.2.2.6 Fillet Weld Test Gages
I.C.1.2.2.2.7 Approved WPS
I.C.1.2.2.2.8 Report forms conforming to regulations.
I.C.1.2.2.3 Shop and Field Welding
I.C.1.2.2.3.1 Groove, multi-pass, and fillet welds
greater than 5/16"
I.C.1.2.2.3.2 Single-pass fillet welds 5/16
I.C.1.2.2.3.3 Stairs and railing systems
I.C.1.2.2.3.4 Verification of reinforcing steel
weldability.
I.C.1.2.2.3.5 Welding of reinforcing steel
I.C.1.2.2.3.5.1 If no mill rest reports are
available, chemical analysis is
required as specified in the
approved construction
documents. (NOTE: DSA-SS
testing requirements are
different than those in DSASS/CC projects verify with
approved construction
document.)
I.C.1.2.2.4 Field Welding
I.C.1.2.2.4.1 Installation of end-welded studs.
I.C.1.2.2.4.1.1 Bend Test
I.C.1.2.2.4.2 For field welding of steel floor and roof
deck, see 2.3.4.2.2.2 Steel Deck,
subsection I.C.1.1.1 Welding: on page
137.
I.C.1.2.2.4.3 For field welding of structural cold
formed steel, see 2.3.4.2 Cold Formed
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Steel, subsection I.C.1.1.1 Welding on
page 127.
I.C.1.2.2.5 For NDT requirements (usually associated with
structural steel seismic lateral resisting systems),
refer to 2.4.4.1 Structural Steel subsection I.B.1.2
Welding: on page 149.
I.C.1.2.2.6 Completed welds, parts, and joints have special
inspector distinguishing mark, tag, or dye stamp
as indicated in IR 17-3.
I.C.1.2.2.7 Upon completion of shop and/or field welding
work, special inspector provides verified report
(DSA 292).
I.C.1.3. Spray Applied Fire-Proofing
I.C.1.3.1. Examine structural steel surface conditions.
I.C.1.3.2. Inspect application of fire-proofing.
I.C.1.3.2.1 Take samples of applied fire-proofing.
I.C.1.3.2.2 Measure thickness
I.C.1.3.3. All aspects of ICC ES (or equivalent DSA approved
agency) report and DSA approved documents.
I.C.1.3.4. Upon completion of spray applied fire-proofing
installation, the special inspector provides a verified
report (DSA 292).
II.B. Framing
II.B.1. Dimensional Requirements (e.g. size)
II.B.2. Installation Requirements
II.B.2.1. Bracing
II.B.2.2. Where corrosion protective coverings have been damaged (e.g.
shop paint, etc.), repair of protective coverings as indicated in
II.C. Connections
II.C.1. All details constructed in the field.
II.C.2. Bolts, Nuts, Washers
II.C.2.1. Dimensional Requirements
II.C.2.1.1. For anchor bolts connecting steel to concrete, types and
sizes per requirements, including tolerances indicated in
IR 22-2.
II.C.2.1.2. Bolt length is sufficient for proper thread stick-out.
II.C.2.2. Installation requirements
II.C.2.2.1. Hole sizes per requirements.
II.C.2.2.1.1 For anchor bolts connecting steel to concrete,
common oversized holes may not be allowed for
some base connections of certain lateral force
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resisting systems, such as braced frames and
moment frames. Verify requirements with
II.C.2.2.2. Bolt type, such as HSB vs. machine bolts (e.g. ASTM
A307).
II.C.2.2.2.1 HSB
II.C.2.2.2.1.1 Refer to RCSC 2004, Section 9 for
background information on inspections
associated with HSB.
II.C.2.2.2.1.2 Proper storage of bolts, nuts, and
washers (marked sealed containers; kept
clean; etc. see Figure 2-39 for an
example of improper storage).
II.C.2.2.2.1.3 For fully tensioned bolts, testing device
is appropriate when used (e.g. SkidmoreWilhelm Model M or L typically used;
Figure 2-39: Improper HSB Storage
Model MS for short bolts see Figure
2-40)
II.C.2.2.2.1.3.1 Alternative methods include
direct tension indicators or twistoff bolts see Figure 2-41.
II.C.2.2.2.1.4 Cleanliness of
faying surfaces,
especially at slip
critical
connections or
other connections
identified to meet
certain faying
surface
Figure 2-41: Twist-Off Type
requirements (i.e.
Tension Control Bolts
no dirt, paint
overspray, heavy mill scale, oil, etc.).
II.C.2.2.2.1.5 Slip-critical bolts:
Figure 2-40: Skidmore / Wilhelm Machine
II.C.2.2.2.1.5.1 Proper
installation
method
(e.g. turnof-the-nut
method
must be
calibrated
Figure 2-42: Improperly
and often
Match Marked/Torqued
requires
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120 degrees between match
mark and torqued conditions
see Figure 2-42).
II.C.2.2.2.1.6 No field modifications of holes (e.g. no
enlarging or torch cutting of holes is
permitted).
II.C.3. Welding
II.C.3.1. Before welding occurs:
II.C.3.1.1. Proper coordination between the fabricators and welding
inspectors schedules as part of the welding inspection
program.
II.C.3.1.2. Understand the QA/QC program for welding and what
requires special inspection understand the scope of
welding special inspection.
II.C.3.1.3. While AWS-CWI monitors welders, project inspector
monitors AWS-CWI.
II.C.3.1.4. WPS availability for each weld, including at location
where welding occurs.
II.C.3.2. At fillet welds, proper fit-up excessive gap between joined
pieces requires increase in leg length of weld.
II.C.3.3. Field Welding
II.C.3.3.1. Special material requirements (which may be different
than other common field weld materials) for demand
critical welds.
II.C.3.3.2. Steel Deck refer to 2.3.4.2.2.2 Steel Deck on page 136
for additional information.
II.D. All mechanical, electrical, and plumbing work is in place (see appropriate sections
in 5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS starting on page 236 for
2.3.4.1.1 Beams
This section covers all types of steel beams.
Refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116 for documentation and inspection requirements.
2.3.4.1.1.1 Composite
For composite beams, refer to 2.3.1 Concrete on page 74 and 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page
116 for documentation and inspection requirements. Additionally, where steel deck occurs,
refer to 2.3.4.2.2.2 Steel Deck on page 136.
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2.3.4.1.1.2 Steel Joists/Joist Girders/Trusses
For structural steel joists, several referenced standards are issued by the Steel Joist Institute
(SJI; see http://steeljoist.org/):
2006 Standard Specifications for Composite Steel Joists, CJ-Series, SJI CJ-0106
2005 Standard Specifications for Open Web Steel Joists, K Series, SJI K-1.105
2005 Standard Specifications for Longspan Steel Joists, LH-Series and Deep Longspan
Steel Joists, DLH-Series, SJI LH/DLH-1.105
2005 Standard Specifications for Joist Girders, SJI JG-1.105
The following information applies to all structural steel beams on a given project.
I.A. Shop Drawings:
I.A.1. Where applicable for projects having steel joists/joist girders, receipt of
design professional reviewed and DSA approved structural steel joist
drawings and placement/erection drawings.
I.A.1.1. Statement of General Conformance by design professional in
general responsible charge is on the steel joist drawings per IR
A-18.
I.B. Material/Structural Test Documentation (for steel joists, see IR 22-3.10):
I.B.1. Receipt of certificate of compliance by joist manufacturer indicating joists
fabricated in accordance with DSA approved construction documents and
SJI standard specifications.
I.B.2. For both chord and web members:
I.B.2.1. Material size
I.B.2.2. Material type
I.B.2.3. Material grade
I.B.2.4. Connections
I.B.2.4.1. Fasteners per requirements.
I.B.2.4.2. Weld filler material.
I.C.1. For each joist/joist girder/truss, verification of the following:
I.C.1.1. Joist/truss profile
I.C.1.2. Dimensions
I.C.1.3. Camber
I.C.1.4. Mark or tag on joist/truss by special inspector. This is to remain
intact throughout construction, up to and including erection.
I.C.1.5.1. Connections comply with requirements.
I.C.1.5.2. Welding
I.C.1.5.2.1 Locations
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I.C.1.5.2.2 Lengths
I.C.1.5.2.3 Profiles
I.C.1.6. Upon completion of steel joist fabrication, the special inspector
II.A. For steel joists/joist girders (IR 22-3.10):
II.A.1. Joist Size
II.A.2. Special inspector tag or mark is visible throughout erection process.
II.A.3. Member Placement
II.A.4. Chord bracing:
II.A.4.1. Size
II.A.4.2. Location
II.A.5. Bridging (see Figure 2-43)
II.A.5.1. Size
II.A.5.2. Location
Figure 2-43: Steel Joist Bridging
II.A.5.4. Bridging termination connections to structure.
II.A.5.4.1. Where no terminus connection is possible due to
construction phasing, temporary bracing is provided.
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II.A.5.5. For bottom chord bearing joists, bridging at supports is in place
prior to hoisting cable release.
II.A.5.6. Where approved building design professional drawings indicate
Figure 2-44: Field Splice of Steel Joists
wind uplift design loads for joists, bottom chord bridging per
requirements.
II.A.6. Field Splices (see Figure 2-44)
II.A.7. Seating Connections
II.A.7.1. Bearing Length
II.A.7.2. Anchorage Connection
2.3.4.1.2 Columns
Refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116 for documentation and inspection requirements.
2.3.4.1.2.1 Composite
2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel
In addition to the California Building Code, projects using cold formed steel are generally
governed by referenced standards issued by various groups, based on the type of product.
The primary reference applicable to all cold formed steel is based on a standard produced by
the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI; see http://www.steel.org/). Specifically, the
applicable reference for all cold formed steel is listed below:
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2007 North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural
Members, with Supplement No. 2, AISI S100-07-S2-10
The American Welding Society (AWS; see http://www.aws.org) provides the welding standard
applicable to cold formed steel:
2008 Structural Welding Code Sheet Steel, AWS D1.3
The following information applies to all cold formed steel items on given project.
I.A. For proprietary cold formed steel products, refer to 1.3 Proprietary Products on
I.B.1.1. All materials are appropriately marked.
I.B.1.1.1. For light frame construction members, see 2.3.4.2.1 Cold
Formed Steel Light Frame Construction on page 130 for
I.B.1.1.2. For steel deck, see 2.3.4.2.2.2 Steel Deck on page 136
I.B.1.2. Traceability of chain of custody from mill to fabricator to jobsite.
I.B.1.3. Mill certificates provided for all materials.
I.B.1.3.1. Mill analysis or test report with chemical/mechanical test
and material specification designation with heat
numbers.
I.B.1.4. Material/member sizes and thicknesses.
I.B.1.5. Material types
I.B.1.6. Material grades
I.B.2. Lab tests for unidentified materials per requirements.
I.B.3. Connections
I.B.3.1. Screws
I.B.3.2. Bolts
I.B.3.2.1. Where specified bolts do not comply with one of the noted
ASTMs provided in AISI S100-07-S2-10 Section E3,
testing documentation indicates bolts provided comply
with specified nominal strength indicated on the
I.B.3.3. Nuts
I.B.3.4. Washers
I.B.3.5. Welding:
I.B.3.5.1. Weld filler material
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I.B.3.5.1.1 Identification markings per AWS designation
listed on the DSA approved documents applicable
to cold formed steel (e.g. AWS D1.3) and the
Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS).
I.B.3.5.1.2 Manufacturers certificate of compliance.
I.B.3.5.2. WPS in accordance with AWS D1.3.
I.B.3.5.3. Welder qualifications in accordance with AWS D1.3.
I.B.3.5.4. Equipment
I.C.1.1.1. Welding
I.C.1.1.1.1 Refer to IR 17-3 for welding special inspection
requirements.
I.C.1.1.1.2 Verify welding special inspectors have the
following:
I.C.1.1.1.2.1 DSA Approved Documents
I.C.1.1.1.2.2 Applicable Welding Codes/Standards.
I.C.1.1.1.2.3 Welder Qualification Records
I.C.1.1.1.2.4 Temperature Sticks
I.C.1.1.1.2.5 Calibrated hand-held volt/amp meter
I.C.1.1.1.2.6 Fillet Weld Test Gages
I.C.1.1.1.2.7 Approved WPS
I.C.1.1.1.2.8 Report forms conforming to regulations.
I.C.1.1.1.3 Shop and Field Welding
I.C.1.1.1.3.1 Arc spot welds.
I.C.1.1.1.3.1.1 Maximum / minimum steel
thicknesses for connected parts.
I.C.1.1.1.3.1.2 Weld washer requirements.
I.C.1.1.1.3.1.3 Minimum edge and clear
distance.
I.C.1.1.1.3.2 Arc seam welds.
I.C.1.1.1.3.2.1 Minimum edge and clear
distance.
I.C.1.1.1.5 Completed welds, parts, and joints have special
inspector distinguishing mark, tag, or dye stamp
as indicated in IR 17-3.
I.C.1.1.1.6 Upon completion of shop and/or field welding
work, special inspector provides verified report
(DSA 292).
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II.A. For proprietary cold formed steel products, refer to 1.3 Proprietary Products on
II.B. Proper storage and handling of materials.
II.C. Framing Members
II.C.1. Dimensional requirements within the specified tolerances:
II.C.1.1. Member sizes
II.C.1.2. Thicknesses
II.C.1.2.1. Delivered minimum of 95% of specified design thickness
(for members with corrosion protective coatings, see
below for additional information on thickness
requirements).
II.C.2. Installation Requirements
II.C.2.1. Member locations and spacing.
II.C.2.2. Corrosion protective coverings
II.C.2.2.1. Based on the corrosion coating specified, verify sufficient
thickness beyond minimum delivered base metal
thickness. (Refer to AISIs Design Guide 4: Durability
Of Cold-Formed Steel Framing Members and the
American Galvanizers Association publication The
Inspection of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Products for
additional information based on commonly specified
corrosion coatings.)
II.C.2.2.2. For light frame construction members, see 2.3.4.2.1 Cold
Formed Steel Light Frame Construction on page 130 for
II.C.2.2.3. For steel deck, see 2.3.4.2.2.2 Steel Deck on page 136
II.C.2.2.4. Where corrosion protective coverings have been
damaged (e.g. galvanizing, galvannealing, shop paint,
etc.), proper repair of protective coverings as indicated in
approved construction documents. (NOTE: Repairs may
not be required for small scratches for some coating
treatments verify with approved construction
documents.)
II.C.2.2.5. Where dissimilar metals are in contact, specified
separation method is provided (e.g. paint, grommet,
etc.).
II.D. Connections
II.D.1. All details constructed in the field.
II.D.2. Bolts, Nuts, Washers
II.D.2.1. Dimensional Requirements
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II.D.2.1.1. For anchor bolts connecting steel to concrete, types and
sizes per requirements, including tolerances indicated in
IR 22-2.
II.D.2.2. Installation Requirements
II.D.2.2.1. Bolt locations
II.D.2.2.2. Hole size limitations (see Figure 2-45)
Figure 2-45: Oversized Torch Cut Hole
II.D.2.2.3. Washer requirements.

II.D.2.2.4. Placement (e.g. spacing and edge distance
requirements).
II.D.3. Screws
II.D.3.1. Dimensional Requirements
II.D.3.2. Installation Requirements
II.D.3.2.1. Screws are installed and tightened per manufacturers
recommendations.
II.D.3.2.2. Placement (e.g. spacing, edge, and end distances).
II.D.3.2.2.1 Where a larger than specified screws size is
used, placement meets requirements for larger
size.
II.D.3.2.3. Where screws carry tension, head and/or washers per
requirements.
II.D.4. Welding
II.D.4.1. Before welding occurs:
II.D.4.1.1. Proper coordination between the fabricators and welding
inspectors schedules as part of the welding inspection
program.
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II.D.4.1.2. Understand QA/QC program for welding and what
requires special inspection understand scope of
welding special inspection.
II.D.4.1.3. While AWS-CWI monitors welders, project inspector
monitors AWS-CWI.
II.D.4.1.4. WPS availability for each weld, including at location
where welding occurs.
II.D.4.2. Field Welding
2.3.4.2.1 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction
In addition to the information noted for 2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel on page 125, projects using
cold formed steel light frame construction are generally governed by several referenced
standards issued by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI; see http://www.steel.org/).
Specifically, those are listed below:
2007 North American Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing - General Provisions,
AISI-S200-07
2007 North American Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing - Floor and Roof
System Design, AISI-S210-07
2007 North American Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing - Wall Stud Design,
AISI-S211-07
2007 AISI North American Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing - Header Design,
AISI-S212-07
2007 AISI North American Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing - Truss Design,
AISI S214-07
In addition to the information noted for 2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel on page 125, the following
information applies to all cold formed steel light frame construction items on given project.
I.B.1.1. All materials are appropriately marked per requirements.
II.B. Framing Members
II.B.1. Dimensional requirements within specified tolerances.
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II.B.2.1. Framing is not embedded within concrete unless specifically
shown in the approved drawings and corresponding additional
corrosion protection is provided.
II.B.2.2. No field cutting, notching, boring, or patching of members is
permitted, unless specifically shown on approved construction
documents.
II.B.2.3. Framing placement and spacing.
II.B.2.4. Coordination with other trades:
II.B.2.4.1. Plumbing piping is provided with the specified isolative
non-corrosive system to prevent galvanic reaction or
abrasion between piping and framing.
II.B.2.4.2. Electrical wiring is in conduit or separated from framing
with specified non-corrosive non-conductive materials or
methods.
II.B.2.4.3. Where mineral fiber insulation is installed within framing
depth, installation complies with requirements.
II.C. Connections:
II.C.1. Fasteners rust inhibitive coating per requirements.
II.C.2. Screws
II.C.2.1.1. Size
II.C.2.1.2. Head (type and size)
II.C.2.1.3. Length
II.C.2.2. Installation Requirements
II.C.2.2.1. Placement
II.C.2.2.1.1 Screw extension through fastened pieces
provides specified thread projection beyond
joined piece surface (usually specified as a
minimum of three (3) exposed threads), without
causing separation between joined pieces.
II.C.2.3. Where stripped screws occur:
II.C.2.3.1. When in tension, they are not permitted.
II.C.2.3.2. When in shear, refer to approved construction
documents for permitted usage of such fasteners.
II.C.2.4. Where gypsum board is applied to steel framing, bugle head style
complies with requirements.
II.C.3. Welding
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II.C.3.1. Welded areas are treated as specified to provide specified
corrosion resistance for original components (see Figure 2-46).
Figure 2-46: Example of Corrosion Protection at Welded Studs
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls
For documentation requirements, refer to 2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel on page 125.
I.A. Bottom Track
I.A.1. Where walls occur, foundation at base track is level within specified
tolerances.
I.A.2. Anchor bolts
I.A.2.1. Size
I.A.2.2. Embedment
I.A.2.3. Spacing
I.A.2.4. Placement
I.A.3. Work of other trades (e.g. mechanical/electrical/plumbing) does not alter
(e.g. install notches, holes, etc.) bottom track unless specifically shown on
approved drawings.
I.B. Studs
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I.B.1. Framing size and placement.
I.B.1.1. Header and jamb per requirements (see Figure 2-47 for an
example of incorrect placement of multi-stud jamb leading to
incorrect header support).
Figure 2-47: Single Jamb Supporting Header Insufficient - Multi-Stud

Jamb Incorrect Location
I.B.2. End bearing/gap of studs per requirements, which may be different at

curtain walls compared to other walls. Figure 2-48 shows an excessive
gap for end bearing studs.
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Figure 2-48: Incorrect Gap for Stud Bearing
I.C. Top Track

I.C.1. Top track connection to stud and structure per requirements (e.g. at nonbearing walls, there is frequently an air gap specified to allow the floor/roof
above to vertically deflect independent of the wall below).
I.C.2. Work of other trades (e.g. mechanical/electrical/plumbing) does not alter
(e.g. install notches, holes, etc.) top track unless specifically shown on
approved drawings.
I.D. All mechanical, electrical, and plumbing work is in place (see appropriate sections
I.E. Wall Sheathing
I.E.1. Wood Structural Panels
I.E.1.1. See 2.3.3 Wood subsection II.C Wood structural panels on page
104 for requirements.
I.E.1.2. At wood structural panel shear walls, refer to 2.4.3.1 Wood
Structural Panel on page 142 for additional documentation and
I.E.2. Steel Sheet
I.E.2.1. At steel sheet shear walls, see 2.4.4.2.1 Steel Sheet on page 157
for additional requirements.
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2.3.4.2.2 Floor/Roof
2.3.4.2.2.1 Studs, Joists, Rafters, Trusses
For documentation and inspection requirements, refer to 2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel on page
125 and 2.3.4.2.1 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction on page 130.
I.A. Framing
I.A.1. Placement
I.A.2. Bearing per requirements.
I.A.3. Floor joist webs are not in direct contact with rim track webs unless
specifically indicated as such in approved construction documents.
I.B. Trusses
I.B.1. Orientation for parallel chord members is per requirements indicated on the
truss or approved drawings.
I.B.2. For trusses not bearing at the ends, bearing locations are marked on truss
and visible during and after installation.
I.B.3. Where noted, truss bracing during and after installation is provided per
approved drawings.
I.B.4. Locations of members within the truss assembly, including ends of
adjacent members within the truss assembly, are within the specified limits
per the requirements.
I.B.4.1. Where specified tolerances are exceeded or shop modification or
repairs occurred, approval documentation is provided by the truss
designer and reviewed and approved by DSA prior to truss
installation.
I.B.5. Installation tolerances per approved construction documents.
I.B.5.1. Straightness
I.B.5.2. Plumbness
I.B.5.3. Top chord bearing trusses having a gap between the inside of the
bearing and first diagonal or vertical within specified limits.
I.B.6. Field assembly per requirements.
I.B.7. Required repairs due to damage to trusses during shipping, storage, or
installation procedures must be approved by the truss designer and
reviewed and approved by DSA prior to repairing damaged trusses.
I.B.8. Where trusses, members, or connections were tested to determine their
capability to support anticipated loads, test reports, stamped and signed by
a licensed design professional, are provided and submitted to DSA for
review and approval prior to truss installation.
I.C. All mechanical, electrical, and plumbing work is in place (see appropriate sections
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2.3.4.2.2.2 Steel Deck

steel deck are generally governed by the following referenced standards:
Referenced standards issued by the Steel Deck Institute (SDI; see http://www.sdi.org):
2006 Standard for Non-Composite Steel Floor Deck, ANSI/SDI NC1.0-06
2006 Standard for Steel Roof Deck, ANSI/SDI RD1.0-06
Referenced standard issued by ASCE:
1991 Standard for the Structural Design of Composite Slabs, ANSI/ASCE 3-91
A suggested reference for the inspection of composite slabs is issued by ASCE:
1991 Standard Practice for Construction and Inspection of Composite Slabs,
ANSI/ASCE 9-91
The following information applies to all structural steel deck items on a given project.
I.A. Shop Drawings:
I.A.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed structural steel
deck shop drawings.
approved construction documents, they must be submitted to
DSA for review and approval prior to installation of modified
elements.
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Figure 2-49: Additional Top Seam Weld Due To Burn-Through
I.C.1.1.1. Welding:
I.C.1.1.1.1.1 End-welded stud installation (including
bend test).
I.C.1.1.1.1.2 Floor and roof deck welds. See Figure
Good Button Punch
Figure 2-50: Good Deck Button Punch
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2-49 showing burn-through problems
sometimes associated with deck welds
top seam welds.
I.C.1.2. Upon completion of shop and/or field welding work, special
inspector provides verified report (DSA 292).
II.A. Connections:
II.A.1. Deck puddle weld patterns per requirements.
II.A.2. Where button punch occurs, verify it engages both sides of seam check
indent and protrusion. See Figure 2-50.
II.A.3. Frequently, perimeter and corner connections are more tightly spaced at
the perimeter and corners of the roof compared to the interior. Refer to
approved construction documents for requirements.
II.B. Proper layout:
II.B.1. Proper welding at deck seam welds, especially where beams are parallel,
based on requirements.
II.B.2. At skewed/non-parallel/non-perpendicular deck conditions, puddle welds
per flute must be modified to match equivalent spacing along supporting
member for non-skewed case (see Figure 2-51).
Figure 2-51: Skewed Deck Edge Modifies Perimeter Welding Requirements
II.B.3. Placement of welded studs, which can be affected by width of flute and
location within flute, based on requirements.
II.B.4. If high flute occurs at welded studs where no detail is provided in the
approved construction documents, a custom detail by the design
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professional will be required, which must be approved by DSA prior to
installation.
II.C. Proper fit-up with support framing: check for weld burn-through where poor fit-up
conditions occur (e.g. deck not flush on beam flange, etc.).
II.D. Proper coordination amongst trades:
II.D.1. All mechanical, electrical, and plumbing work is in place (see appropriate
sections in 2.5 Non-Structural Component Support/Bracing/Anchorage
starting on page 159 and 5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND
SYSTEMS starting on page 236 for additional information).
II.D.2. Conduit location in slab if adjacent to studs reduces effective composite
action (it negatively impacts ability to make a T beam between steel beam
and concrete slab see Figure 2-53). Verify acceptability with design
professional and DSA field engineer.
II.D.3. Proper locations for concrete inserts to avoid post-installed anchors into
underside of deck. See Figure 2-52.
Figure 2-53: Conduit Causes Problems for Composite

Action
Figure 2-52: Concrete Deck Insert
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2.4 Lateral Force Resisting Systems
While the lateral force resisting system has been separated from the gravity framing system in
this manual, it is usually constructed simultaneously with it. Therefore, inspections for the
lateral system must occur simultaneously with the gravity system. Prior to any lateral framing
system item being inspected, generally speaking, all foundation system related items
applicable to a given building or portion thereof (refer to 2.2 Foundation Systems on page 62
for further information) must be inspected for compliance with the approved construction
documents by the project inspector. Refer to form DSA 151 for requirements associated with
advance notification to DSA for various foundation related construction items (e.g. concrete
placement, etc.).
2.4.1 Concrete
For all concrete elements listed below, refer to appropriate section in 2.3.1 Concrete, starting
on page 74 for documentation and inspection requirements.
2.4.1.1 Special Reinforced Shear Wall
I.A.1. Reinforcing steel per requirements.
I.A.2. Mechanical splices per requirements.
II.A. Proper installation of mechanical splices (see Figure 2-54).
Figure 2-54: Steel Reinforcing Mechanical Splices
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II.A.1. Reinforcing clear cover is maintained at splices. (NOTE: DSA-SS clear
cover requirements may not be mirrored in DSA-SS/CC projects verify
with approved construction documents.)
II.B. At congested reinforcing areas (e.g. boundary elements), approved mix design with
smaller aggregates is used. (NOTE: DSA-SS aggregate requirements may not be
mirrored in DSA-SS/CC projects verify with approved construction documents.)
2.4.1.2 Intermediate Precast Shear Wall
There are no additional requirements beyond those noted in other applicable sections.
2.4.1.3 Special Reinforced Moment Frame
I.A.1. Reinforcing steel per requirements.
I.A.2. Mechanical splices per requirements.
II.A. Proper installation of mechanical splices (see Figure 2-54).
II.A.1. Reinforcing clear cover is maintained at splices. (NOTE: DSA-SS clear
cover requirements may not be mirrored in DSA-SS/CC projects verify
with approved construction documents.)
II.B. At congested reinforcing areas (e.g. boundary elements), approved mix design with
smaller aggregates is used. (NOTE: DSA-SS aggregate requirements may not be
mirrored in DSA-SS/CC projects verify with approved construction documents.)
II.C. Reinforcing layout adjacent to moment frame members per requirements. The
more the better does not necessarily apply to reinforcing in and nearby moment
frame beams.
II.C.1. If approved drawings indicate non-moment frame beams framing into
moment frame columns with hooked bars into the column, verify nonmoment frame reinforcing does not extend into moment frame beam.
II.C.2. Slab reinforcing adjacent to moment frame beam complies with specified
spacing and clearances.
2.4.2 Masonry
2.4.2.1 Special Reinforced Shear Wall
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2.4.3 Wood
2.4.3.1 Wood Structural Panel
In addition to the California Building Code, projects using wood structural panel based seismic
force resisting systems are also governed by the seismic design reference standard issued by
the AF&PA through the AWC:
Special Design Provisions for Wind and Seismic (SDPWS), ANSI/AF&PA SDPWS
2.4.3.1.1 Light Wood Framing
II.A. Framing
II.A.1. Refer to section 2.3.3 Wood subsection II Inspection of the following items:
on page 100 for wood framing inspection requirements.
II.B. Wood Structural Panel
II.B.1. Refer to section 2.3.3 Wood subsection II.C Wood structural panels on
page 104 for inspection requirements.
II.B.2. Wood structural panels used for diaphragms or shear walls are attached
directly to framing.
II.B.2.1. EXCEPTION: Panels can be applied over solid planking or
laminated decking provided the panel joints do not coincide with
the planking/decking joints.
II.B.3. Diaphragms
II.B.3.1. Framing and straps at openings per requirements.
II.B.3.2. Where drag lines or concrete/masonry wall out-of-plane
anchorage occurs, framing and straps/connections comply with
requirements.
II.B.3.2.1. At I-joists and SCL drag-line framing, verify nail spacing
is not less than allowed in ICC ES report.
II.B.3.3. At diaphragm interior drag lines, two lines of boundary nailing may
be required based on approved drawings.
II.B.3.4. Blocked diaphragms
II.B.3.4.1. Framing
II.B.3.4.1.1 Blocking/framing at all panel edges.
II.B.3.4.1.2 Minimum blocking/framing size at boundaries
and adjoining panel edges where specified.
II.B.3.4.2. Nailing
II.B.3.4.2.1 Field nail spacing.
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II.B.3.4.2.2 Staggered nailing at all panel edges when
indicated in approved construction documents.
II.B.3.5. Unblocked diaphragms
II.B.3.5.1. Minimum panel dimension per requirements.
II.B.3.5.2. All other requirements as for blocked diaphragms, except
for blocking at panel edges.
II.B.3.6. High Load Blocked Multi-Row Fastener Diaphragms
II.B.3.6.1. Framing
II.B.3.6.1.1 Blocking/framing at all panel edges.
II.B.3.6.1.2 Minimum blocking/framing size at boundary
members and adjoining panel edges.
II.B.3.6.2. Nailing
II.B.3.6.2.1 Field Nail Spacing
II.B.3.6.2.2 Staggered nailing at all panel edges when
indicated in approved construction documents.
II.B.3.6.2.3 Nail spacing and edge distances at multi-row
fastener lines per requirements.
II.B.4. Shear Walls
II.B.4.1. Length
II.B.4.2. Type
II.B.4.3. Panel orientation (panels may need to be oriented perpendicular
to the stud framing to achieve necessary load capacities).
II.B.4.4. All openings or penetrations (e.g. electrical panel, fire
extinguisher, ducts, windows, etc.) in shear wall are explicitly
shown on DSA approved drawings. Any opening not shown must
be approved by the design professional and DSA prior to
installation.
II.B.4.5. Framing
II.B.4.5.1. Blocking/framing is required at all panel edges;
unblocked shear walls are not permitted.
II.B.4.5.2. End studs/posts have full end bearing.
II.B.4.5.3. Minimum blocking/framing size at chord members and
adjoining panel edges.
II.B.4.5.4. Sill plate
II.B.4.5.4.1 Refer to shear wall schedule for shear transfer
information at bottom of wall. Verify
fastener/connector:
II.B.4.5.4.1.1 Type
II.B.4.5.4.1.2 Size
II.B.4.5.4.1.3 Spacing
II.B.4.5.4.2 Anchor bolt requirements
II.B.4.5.4.2.1 Refer to 2.3.3.1 Walls subsection II.C.4
on page 104 for inspection requirements.
II.B.4.5.4.2.2 Dimensional Requirements
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II.B.4.5.4.2.3 Installation Requirements
II.B.4.5.4.2.3.1 Bolt hole tolerance
II.B.4.5.4.2.3.2 Plate washer dimensions per
requirements.
Table 2-6: Standard Cut Washer Dimensions
II.B.4.5.4.2.3.2.1 The exception noted in

section 4.3.6.4.3 of 2008 SDPWS
(i.e. allowance for standard cut
washers in lieu of plate washers see Table 2-6 taken from Table A2
on p. 42 of 2008 SDPWS) is not
permitted (CBC 2305.1.2 #3).
II.B.4.5.4.2.3.3 The anchor bolt plate washer
edge is within specified limits of
the sill edge having wall
sheathing attachment when
specifically noted (see Figure
2-55 for commonly specified
requirements).
II.B.4.5.4.2.3.4 Anchor bolt placement with
respect to concrete edge
dimensions.
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II.B.4.5.4.2.4 If sill plate is split, repair must be
provided by design professional and
reviewed and approved by DSA.
II.B.4.5.4.3 At elevated floor levels, sill fasteners must
penetrate framing/blocking below to meet
requirements (e.g. if 3x sill is used with nails, 20d
rather than 16d may be required to ensure proper
penetration pre-drilling may be required to avoid
splits).
II.B.4.5.4.4 Other shear transfer connections.
II.B.4.5.5. Top plate
II.B.4.5.5.1 Refer to shear wall schedule in the approved
construction documents for top-of-wall shear
transfer connection requirements.
II.B.4.5.5.2 Top plate splice (see Figure 2-56 for example of
improper splice causing load path problems).
II.B.4.5.5.2.1 Where proprietary connections are
Figure 2-55: Special A.B. Washer Plate
Placement Requirements
shown, installation complies with
requirements (e.g. steel strap size,
location with respect to splice, nail type
and size, etc.).
II.B.4.5.5.2.2 Splice connections occur wherever top
plate is interrupted by beams,
perpendicular walls, etc. these can
occur away from shear wall locations
along drag lines.
II.B.4.5.5.3 At floor/roof attic space, shear wall extends to
underside of floor/roof sheathing above. Refer to
approved plans for special shear transfer details
at such conditions, for both framing parallel and
perpendicular to wall.
Figure 2-56: Top Plate Splice
Connection Problems
II.B.4.5.5.4 Other shear transfer connections.
II.B.4.6. Nailing
II.B.4.6.1.1 Field nail spacing.
II.B.4.6.1.2 Placement of edge nailing around perimeter of
each panel piece.
II.B.4.6.1.3 Edge nailing location at perimeter of wall.
II.B.4.6.1.3.1 Nailing to rim joist/blocking or upper top
plate, unless double top plates nailed
throughout length to transfer shear loads.
II.B.4.6.1.3.2 Top of wall shear transfer
connections/nailing per requirements.
Where proprietary clips occur, nailing
and installation per requirements.
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II.B.4.6.1.3.3 Full height edge nailing to posts/studs
with hold-down devices.
II.B.4.6.1.3.4 Non-typical/special locations identified in
the DSA approved structural drawings
(e.g. drag strap and blocking conditions,
etc.).
Figure 2-57:
II.B.4.7. Hold-downs
II.B.4.7.1. Type
II.B.4.7.2. Location
II.B.4.7.3. Fastener type and size
II.B.4.7.4. Hold-off distance to sill pates
II.B.4.7.5. Installation complies with ICC ES report.
II.B.4.7.5.1 All nuts tightened (but not over-torqued based on
ICC ES report) prior to closing in.
II.B.4.7.5.2 Surrounding framing has not been negatively
impacted or altered to accommodate hold-down
device (see Figure 2-57).
II.B.4.7.6. At floor-to-floor conditions with steel straps, strap location
ensures equal distribution of nailing into top and bottom
wall framing.
II.B.4.7.7. Anchor rod
II.B.4.7.7.1 Hold-down anchor rod does not replace anchor
bolt.
II.B.4.7.7.2 Anchor rod is not bent.
II.B.4.7.7.3 Length of rod complies with maximum limits
Hold-Down Construction
shown in drawings or specified in ICC ES (or
Problems
other DSA recognized agency) report.
II.B.4.7.8. Where through-bolt hold-down devices are used:
II.B.4.7.8.1 No countersinking occurs unless specifically
detailed on DSA approved drawings.
II.B.4.7.8.2 Hole tolerance
II.B.4.7.8.3 Washer between nut and wood on opposite side
of hold-down.
II.B.4.7.9. Post/stud size and grade, which may be different than
typical framing.
II.B.4.7.10. Panel edge nailing full height on post/studs with holddown.
II.B.4.8. Special requirements at high-wind regions
II.B.4.8.1. Nailing spacing
II.B.4.8.2. Panel thickness
II.B.4.8.3. Panel strength orientation parallel to studs (rather than
perpendicular).
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II.B.4.8.4. When openings interrupt wall sheathing, framing
connections comply with requirements to transfer uplift
around opening.
II.B.4.8.5. Sheathing extends to upper top plate and bottom sill with
nailing at specified dimensions (see Figure 2-58 taken
from Figure 4G of 2008 SDPWS for commonly specified
nailing dimensions).
Figure 2-58: Wind Uplift Commonly Specified Nail Edge Distances at Wood Structural Panel
II.B.4.8.6. Roof/upper floor uplift connections occur on the sheathed

side unless approved details address twisting caused by
eccentric load path.
II.B.4.8.7. Anchorage of sill plate per requirements.
II.B.4.8.7.1 Where anchor bolts are used, washer plates per
subsection II.B.4.5.4.2.3.2 and II.B.4.5.4.2.3.3 on
page 144 above are provided, regardless of wall
loading or capacity.
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II.B.4.8.7.2 Where other anchorage devices are used, they
occur on the sheathed side.
2.4.3.1.2 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction
The majority of requirements specific to light wood framing given in 2.4.3.1.1 Light Wood
Framing on page 142 also apply to cold formed steel light frame construction. In addition, refer
to relevant portions contained in 2.4.4.2 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction on page
156. There are no additional requirements beyond those noted.
2.4.4 Steel
2.4.4.1 Structural Steel
In addition to the California Building Code, projects using structural steel as part of the seismic
load resisting system are generally governed by the following referenced standard issued by
the AISC:
Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings, ANSI/AISC 341. When published,
supplements to the Provisions become part of that recognized standard (e.g. there was
Supplment No. 1 issued for ANSI/AISC 341-05: ANSI/AISC 341s1-05).
Another referenced standard for projects using a particular kind of seismic load resisting
system, steel moment frames, is used. Refer to 2.4.4.1.1 Moment Frame on page 149 for
further information if the project has such systems.
For welding of components in seismic lateral force resisting systems, the following reference
standard issued by AWS also applies:
D1.8 Structural Welding Code Seismic Supplement
For all structural steel lateral force resisting systems, the following applies:
I.A.1. Weld filler metal for connections that are part of the SLRS comply with
requirements.
I.A.1.1. At demand critical welds, weld filler metal complies with additional
requirements.
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I.A.2. Connections:
I.A.2.1. Welding:
I.A.2.1.1. Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)
I.A.2.1.1.1 Refer to IR 17-2 for NDT requirements.
I.A.2.1.1.2 Ultrasonic
I.A.2.1.1.3 Magnetic Particle
I.B.1. Connections:
I.B.1.1. HSB
I.B.1.1.1. Documentation as prescribed in the Quality Control (QC)
and Quality Assurance (QA) plan.
I.B.1.2. Welding:
I.B.1.2.1. Documentation as prescribed in the Quality Control (QC)
and Quality Assurance (QA) plan.
I.B.1.2.2. Where Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) occurs,
documentation as prescribed in the Quality Control (QC)
and Quality Assurance (QA) plan. See Figure 2-59 for an
example of a welding special inspector mark associated
with NDT.
I.B.1.2.2.1 Testing personnel certification that meets or
exceeds American Society for Non-destructive
Testing SNT-TC-1A or CP-189.
I.B.1.2.2.2 Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
I.B.1.2.2.2.1 Verify certification of NDT level II or
Figure 2-59: NDT Special Inspector
better for inspectors and of NDT level III
Markings
for LEA Lab administrator (see IR 17-2
I.B.1.2.2.2.2 Verify UT technicians have flaw detection
certification.
I.A. Where specifically noted, maintenance of protected zones throughout all phases of
construction, including for work occurring after lateral frame installation, as shown
on approved drawings.
I.B. Where continuity plates and stiffeners occur, geometry and fit-up per requirements.
2.4.4.1.1 Moment Frame
In addition to the California Building Code, projects using structural steel moment frames as
part of the seismic load resisting system are generally governed by the following referenced
standards issued by the AISC:
2005 Prequalified Connections for Special and Intermediate Steel Moment Frames for
Seismic Applications, ANSI/AISC 358-05
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2005 Supplement No. 1 to ANSI/AISC 358-05 Prequalified Connections for Special and
Intermediate Steel Moment Frames for Seismic Applications, ANSI/AISC 358-05s1-09
Some background to the fabrication and seismic performance of structural steel moment
frames is worth noting. In the mid-1960s, the construction industry moved to the use of the
semi-automatic, self-shielded, flux-cored arc welding process (FCAW-S) for making the joints
of these connections. The welding consumables that building erectors most commonly used
inherently produced welds with very low toughness. The toughness of this material could be
further compromised by excessive deposition rates, which unfortunately were commonly
employed by welders. As a result, brittle fractures could initiate in welds with large defects, at
stresses approximating the yield strength of the beam steel, precluding the development of
ductile behavior.
Early steel moment frames tended to be highly redundant and nearly every beam-column joint
was constructed to behave as part of the lateral-force-resisting system. As a result, member
sizes in these early frames were small and much of the early acceptance testing of this
typical detail was conducted with specimens constructed of small framing members. As
the cost of construction labor increased, the industry found that it was more economical to
construct steel moment-frame buildings by moment-connecting a relatively small percentage of
the beams and columns and by using larger members for these few moment-connected
elements. The amount of strain demand placed on the connection elements of a steel moment
frame is related to the span-to-depth ratio of the member. Therefore, as member sizes
increased, strain demands on the welded connections also increased, making the connections
more susceptible to brittle behavior.
In the 1960s and 1970s, when much of the initial research on steel moment-frame construction
was performed, beams were commonly fabricated using A36 material. In the 1980s, many
steel mills adopted more modern production processes, including the use of scrap-based
production. Steels produced by these more modern processes tended to include micro-alloying
elements that increased the strength of the materials so that despite the common specification
of A36 material for beams, many beams actually had yield strengths that approximated or
exceeded that required for grade 50 material. As a result of this increase in base metal yield
strength, the weld metal in the beam-flange-to-column-flange joints became under-matched,
potentially contributing to its vulnerability.
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2.4.4.1.1.1 Special Moment Frame (SMF)
I.A. Proprietary Products
I.A.1. For proprietary connections not recognized by AISC 358-05 or AISC 35810, but do have approval by a recognized agency, refer to 1.3 Proprietary
Products on page 40.
I.B. Shop Drawings
I.B.1. Proprietary Connections: Some proprietary connections will include shop
drawings from a fabricator other than the primary structural steel supplier.
Receipt of all design professional reviewed shop drawings is required. The
following is a list of some proprietary products that may have shop
drawings for the moment frame connections that are separate from the
primary structural steel supplier:
I.B.1.1.1. CONXL
I.B.1.1.2. Kaiser Bolted Bracket
I.B.1.1.3. SlottedWeb
I.B.1.1.4. SidePlate
I.B.2. If the reviewed shop drawings cause any changes affecting the Structural,
documents must be approved by the design professional in responsible
charge and submitted to and approved by DSA.
govern.
I.C. Material/Structural Testing Documentation:
I.C.1. Proprietary Connections
I.C.1.1. CONXL
I.C.1.1.1. Collar assembly component forging certification per AISC
358-10 Appendix B, Section B7.
I.C.1.1.2. Collar connection HSB per requirements.
I.D.1. Welder Qualifications:
I.D.1.1. Applicable to the following types of prequalified moment
connections
I.D.1.1.1. Reduced Beam Section (RBS)
I.D.1.1.2. Welded Unreinforced Flange-Welded Web (WUF-W)
I.D.1.2. Supplemental welder qualification certification for Restricted
Access Welding.
I.D.2. Prequalified Moment Connections:
I.D.2.1. Reduced Beam Section (RBS)
I.D.2.1.1. Flange cut smoothness
I.D.2.1.2. Proper repair of any gouges or notches in beam.
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I.D.2.2. Bolted Unstiffened and Stiffened Extended End-Plate (BUEEP,
BSEEP)
I.D.2.2.1. Demand critical weld inspection of beam flange to endplate.
I.D.2.2.2. End plate stiffener welds comply with requirements (e.g.
either complete joint penetration (CJP) or fillet based on
approved construction documents).
I.D.2.3. CONXL
I.D.2.3.1. HSB installation.
II.A. Maintenance of protected zone.
II.B. Testing and inspection of demand critical welds as specified in approved
construction documents (e.g. column base, beam-to-column, etc.).
II.C. Where specified on approved construction documents, verify the following complies
with requirements:
II.C.1. Beam top and bottom flange lateral bracing along beam length.
II.C.2. Continuity plate size, thickness, and welding to column.
II.C.3. Column web doubler plate size, thickness, and welding to column.
II.D. Prequalified Moment Connections:
II.D.1. Reduced Beam Section (RBS)
II.D.1.1. Reduced section dimensions (e.g. commonly specified in the
drawings as dimensions a, b, and c).
II.D.1.2. Weld access hole geometry.
II.D.1.3. CJP welds are special inspected according to demand critical
requirements.
II.D.1.4. Steel Backing
II.D.1.4.1. Attached to column only.
II.D.1.4.2. Bottom flange steel backing is removed.
II.D.1.5. Weld tabs and end dams.
II.D.1.5.1. Weld tabs used for end dams during welding.
II.D.1.5.2. Upon welding completion, weld tabs and end dams
removed.
II.D.2. Bolted Unstiffened and Stiffened Extended End-Plate (BUEEP, BSEEP)
II.D.2.1. No weld access hole is permitted in the beam web.
II.D.2.2. No backing is present for beam flange CJP welds to end plate.
II.D.2.3. High-strength bolts (HSB) at the connection (e.g. A325 or A490).
Refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116 for documentation
and special inspection requirements for HSB.
II.D.2.3.1. Where used, verify finger shims between end plate and
column flange comply with requirements.
II.D.2.4. At composite slab construction:
II.D.2.4.1. No headed shear stud connections within 1 times the
beam depth.
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II.D.2.4.2. Verify specified gap between concrete slab and both
sides of column flanges is present.
II.D.2.4.2.1 EXCEPTION: This gap may be filled with a
compressible material in compliance with
requirements.
II.D.3. Bolted Flange Plate (BFP)
II.D.3.1. A490 bolts at the connection. Refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on
page 116 for documentation and special inspection requirements
for HSB.
II.D.4. Welded Unreinforced Flange-Welded Web (WUF-W)
II.D.4.1. Weld access hole geometry.
II.D.4.2. Where weld tabs are used, they are removed after welding.
II.D.4.3. Complete joint penetration (CJP) welds are special inspected
according to demand critical requirements.
II.D.5. Kaiser Bolted Bracket (KBB)
II.D.5.1. A490 bolts at the connection. Refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on
page 116 for documentation and special inspection requirements
for HSB.
II.D.5.2. At concrete slab construction:
II.D.5.2.1. Specified gap between concrete slab and both sides of
column flanges is present.
requirements.
II.D.5.2.2. No reinforcing may pass through the specified gap.
II.D.6. CONXL.
II.D.6.1. Though the CONXL connection is not listed as one of the
connections in AISC 358-05, it is in AISC 358-10 and is accepted
by DSA currently.
II.D.6.2. For concrete filled columns, refer to 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP)
Concrete on page 74.
II.D.6.2.1. The approved construction documents may allow an
exception for the concrete to free fall the full height of the
column.
II.D.6.2.2. Confirm concrete fill per requirements:
II.D.6.2.2.1 Weight
II.D.6.2.2.2 Strength
II.D.6.3. Collar Connection
II.D.6.3.1. HSB installation per requirements
II.D.6.4. Beam does not have any web weld access holes.
II.D.6.5. At concrete slab construction:
II.D.6.5.1. Specified gap between concrete slab and both sides of
column flanges is present.
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requirements.
II.D.6.5.2. No reinforcing may pass through the specified gap.
2.4.4.1.1.2 Intermediate Moment Frame (IMF)
I.A. Maintenance of protected zone.
I.B. Testing and inspection of demand critical welds.
I.C. Where specified on the approved construction documents, verify the following
complies with requirements:
I.C.1. Beam top and bottom flange lateral bracing along beam length.
I.C.2. Continuity plate size, thickness, and welding to column.
I.C.3. Column web doubler plate size, thickness, and welding to column.
I.D. Prequalified Moment Connections:
I.D.1. Refer to requirements in SMF.
2.4.4.1.1.3 Ordinary Moment Frame (OMF)
I. Inspection of the following items
I.A. Geometry of beam web weld access hole at beam-column connection.
I.C. Where specified on the approved construction documents, verify the following
complies with requirements:
I.C.1. Beam top and bottom flange lateral bracing along beam length.
I.C.2. Continuity plate size, thickness, and welding to column.
I.C.3. Column web doubler plate size, thickness, and welding to column.
2.4.4.1.1.4 Special Truss Moment Frame (STMF)
2.4.4.1.2 Braced Frame
For all braced frames, the following applies:
I.A.1. Gusset material matches requirements (e.g. frequently gusset plate
material strengths exceed typical steel plate requirements).
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II.A. For HSS braces:
II.A.1. Erection bolt does not clamp closed the slot at the gusset (see Figure
2-60).
Figure 2-60: Erection Bolt Closing HSS Gap
2.4.4.1.2.1 Special Concentric Braced Frame (SCBF)

I.A. For HSS braces:
I.A.1. Dimensions and location of brace slot and cover plate with respect to
gusset.
I.B. Where gusset plates interact with concrete construction, gap between gusset plate
(and brace, where applicable) and concrete construction complies with
requirements. See Figure 2-61.
Figure 2-61: Concrete Slab at Gusset Plate
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I.C. Maintenance of protected zone.
2.4.4.1.2.2 Ordinary Concentric Braced Frame (OCBF)
There are no additional requirements beyond that noted applicable to all braced frames.
2.4.4.1.2.3 Eccentric Braced Frame (EBF)
2.4.4.1.2.4 Buckling Restrained Braced Frame (BRBF)
2.4.4.1.3 Special Plate Shear Wall (SPSW)
I.A. Testing and inspection of demand critical welds.
2.4.4.1.4 Cantilever Column Systems

Based on the design methodology used (e.g. cantilever column system detailed to conform to
the requirements for: special, intermediate, or ordinary steel moment frames; special
reinforced concrete moment frames) for the cantilever columns system will dictate what
requirements apply. Refer to the approved drawings for which system is applicable and then
to the appropriate sections in this document.
2.4.4.2 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction
cold formed steel light frame construction are generally governed by several referenced
standards issued by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI; see http://www.steel.org/).
Specifically, those are listed below:
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North American Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing - Lateral Design, with
Supplement No. 1, AISI S213-07-S1-09
In addition to the information noted for 2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel on page 125 and the
relevant subsections, the following information applies to all lateral force resisting cold formed
steel light frame construction items on given project.
I.B.1.1. Framing members comply with additional material requirements
associated with lateral force resisting systems.
II.B. Panels
II.B.1. Minimum panel width per requirements.
II.B.2. Wood structural panels
II.B.2.1. Refer to 2.4.3.1 Wood Structural Panel on page 142 for
II.C. Fasteners
II.C.1. Screws
II.C.1.1.1. Size
II.C.1.1.2. Head type and size
II.C.1.1.2.1 At exterior walls exposed to wind suction
additional screw head requirements may apply
per approved construction documents.
2.4.4.2.1 Steel Sheet
I.C. For proprietary cold formed steel products, refer to 1.3 Proprietary Products on
I.D. Material/Structural Test Documentation:
I.D.1. Sheet Steel
II.B. Fasteners
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II.B.1. Type
II.B.2. Size
II.B.3. Placement
2.4.4.2.2 Steel Flat Strap Bracing
Refer to 2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel on page 125 and other appropriate sections above for
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2.5 Non-Structural Component Support/Bracing/Anchorage
For all non-structural components, proper support/bracing/anchorage to the primary or
secondary structural framing is crucial. The approved construction documents provide the
relevant details showing this information.
Prior to any non-structural component support/bracing/anchorage item being inspected,
generally speaking, the gravity and lateral system related items applicable to a given building
or portion thereof (refer to 2.3 Gravity Framing Systems on page 74 and 2.4 Lateral Force
Resisting Systems on page 140 for further information) must be inspected for compliance with
the approved construction documents by the project inspector.
2.5.1 Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing Equipment

For mechanical, plumbing, and kitchen and food service equipment, a standard often used for
support and bracing for the ductwork, piping, and equipment for DSA projects is issued by the
Sheet Metal And Air Conditioning Contractors National Association (SMACNA, see
http://www.smacna.org). Specifically, those are listed below:
Seismic Restraint Manual: Guidelines for Mechanical Systems
Kitchen Ventilation Systems and Food Service Equipment Guidelines
The following information applies to all mechanical/electrical/plumbing equipment.
I.A. Product cut sheets showing delivered equipment complies with requirements.
I.B. Post-installed anchors:
I.B.1. For both masonry and concrete construction, refer to the post-installed
anchor section in 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete subsection I.B.3
Post-installed anchors: on page 76.
II.A. Proper storage and handling of equipment.
II.B. Fasteners
II.B.1. Size, type, and placement of connections/fasteners of equipment to
structure.
II.C. Post-installed anchors and connections.
II.C.1. For both masonry and concrete construction, refer to the post-installed
anchor section in 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete subsection II.F
Post-installed anchors and connections: on page 82.
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2.5.1.1 Floor/Roof Mounted
For composite base HVAC units, refer to IR 16-6 for additional anchorage documentation and
inspection requirements and restrictions.
2.5.1.2 Wall Mounted
There are no additional documentation or inspection requirements beyond the information
given in other sections in this manual.
2.5.1.3 Suspended/Hung
Pendant light fixtures and similar types of equipment provide a potential hazard for occupants
during a seismic event if they are not properly braced (see Figure 2-62). Such hung
Figure 2-62: Pendant Lights Missing Safety Cables
equipment can sway and contact other adjacent equipment or structure, which could lead to
falling hazards. IR 16-9 has general design requirements for pendant lights. There are no
additional documentation or inspection requirements beyond the information given in other
sections in this manual.
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2.5.2 Architectural Items
2.5.2.1 Walls
Refer to other sections above and below (e.g. 3.3.5.1 Walls on page 197) for documentation
and inspection requirements depending on the wall type. For all walls, verify that the top and
bottom connection of the wall, and at each floor level if the wall runs past the floor/roof, comply
with requirements.
2.5.2.1.1 Interior
I.A. For documentation requirements, refer to the applicable sections above and below
based on applicable construction materials.
I.B. Finish Material Documentation
I.B.1. Receipt of bill of material or equivalent information for finish materials.
II.A. For framing inspection requirements, refer to respective sections above and below.
II.B. Finish Material
II.B.1. Placement
II.B.2. Installation
II.B.2.1. Fasteners
II.B.2.1.1. Type
II.B.2.1.2. Size
II.B.2.1.3. Spacing
II.B.2.2. Taping
II.B.2.3. Caulking
II.B.2.4. Accessories
2.5.2.1.1.1 Casework/Lockers
I.A. Support and anchorage of casework.
I.A.1. Verify separate fasteners attach casework backing to casework.
I.A.1.1. Fasteners used for attaching casework through backing should
have only one faying surface.
I.A.2. Fasteners between casework/lockers to structure.
I.A.2.1. Size
I.A.2.2. Type
I.A.2.3. Placement
I.B. Post-installed anchors and connections.
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Post-installed anchors: on page 76 and II.F Post-installed anchors and
connections: on page 82.
2.5.2.1.1.2 Glass Panel Railing
Refer to the project approved DSA 103 form to determine whether glass panel railing testing is
required. If it is, refer to the approved construction documents and IR 24-1 for testing
documentation requirements which must be received by the project inspector prior to railing
installation.
2.5.2.1.2 Exterior
In addition to the information in this section, see 2.6.1.2 Exterior Walls on page 171 for
2.5.2.1.2.1 Veneer OR Glass Block
I.A. Shop Drawings:
I.A.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed steel reinforcing
shop drawings.
I.A.2. If the reviewed shop drawings cause any changes affecting the Structural,
documents, they must be submitted to DSA for review and approval prior to
installation of modified elements.
I.A.3. If conflicts arise between the DSA approved construction documents and
govern.
I.B.1. Test veneer bond strength.
I.C.1. Masonry special inspector to provide documentation for the following in the
form of reports of tests performed and/or daily special inspection reports
I.C.1.1. Proportions of site-prepared, premixed or preblended:
I.C.1.1.1. Mortar
I.C.1.1.2. Grout
I.C.1.2. Inspect placement of:
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I.C.1.2.1. Steel reinforcement
I.C.1.2.2. Connectors
I.C.1.2.3. Anchors
I.C.1.2.4. Masonry units
I.C.1.3. Construction of mortar joints.
I.C.1.4. Verify protection of masonry during cold weather (temperature
below 40 F) or hot weather (temperature above 90 F).
I.C.1.5. Inspect anchors and embedded items, including but not limited to
those connecting masonry to other portions or elements of the
structure, for:
I.C.1.5.1. Type
I.C.1.5.2. Size
I.C.1.5.3. Location
I.C.2. Upon completion of the masonry work, the masonry special inspector
II.A. Refer to 2.3.2 Masonry subsection II Inspection of the following items: on page
91 for applicable items.
2.5.2.1.2.2 Screen Walls
Depending on the construction materials used for the screen wall dictates which of the
sections in this manual apply. There are no additional inspection or documentation
requirements for screen walls beyond those already noted in other sections of this manual;
refer to the appropriate section accordingly for requirements.
2.5.2.1.2.3 Casework/Lockers
I.A. Support and anchorage of casework.
I.A.1. Verify separate fasteners attach casework backing to casework.
I.A.1.1. Fasteners used for attaching casework through backing should
have only one faying surface.
I.A.2. Fasteners between casework/lockers to structure.
I.A.2.1. Size
I.A.2.2. Type
I.A.2.3. Placement
I.B. Post-installed anchors and connections.
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2.5.2.2 Floors
2.5.2.2.1 Computer Access Floors
For projects approved under the 2001 CBC, refer to IR 16-2 for documentation and testing
requirements. For projects approved under later editions, there are no additional
documentation or testing requirements for computer access floors, except for post-installed
anchors, noted below:
For both masonry and concrete construction, refer to the post-installed anchor
section in 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete subsection I.B.3 Post-installed
anchors: on page 76 and II.F Post-installed anchors and connections: on page
82.
2.5.2.3 Ceilings
2.5.2.3.1 Metal Suspension Systems for Lay-In Panel Ceilings
There are no additional documentation or inspection requirements for metal suspension
systems for lay-in panel ceilings, except where re-use of ceiling hanger and bracing wires
occurs. In that case, refer to IR 25-2.10 (for 2010 CBC) or IR 25-2.07 (for 2007 CBC) for field
testing inspection requirements.
2.5.2.3.2 Soffits
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Due to common construction sequencing or phasing, soffit construction can be challenging
given the various obstructions to soffit support framing that may not be apparent in the
drawings. Large ducts or primary structural framing can cause interruptions in support framing
Figure 2-63: Soffit Framing at Ducts and Primary Framing
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that may not be clear in approved drawings (see Figure 2-63 for examples). One of the key
components to proper soffit construction is the bracing noted in the approved drawings (see
Figure 2-64 for an example). All support and bracing framing must be as shown in the
Figure 2-64: Example of Soffit Bracing
approved construction documents. Any changes affecting the Structural, Fire/Life Safety or
Accessibility portions of the DSA approved construction documents must be approved by the
design professional in responsible charge and submitted to and approved by DSA.
I.A. For documentation requirements, refer to the applicable sections above and below
based on applicable construction materials.
II.A. Framing
II.A.1. Size
II.A.2. Type
II.A.3. Spacing
II.A.3.1. At showers and similar areas, verify spacing complies with
requirements, which may be different than in other areas based
on the ceiling finish specified.
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2.5.2.4 Roofs
2.5.2.4.1 Roof Tile
For documentation and inspection requirements, refer to IR 15-1 and IR 15-2 as well as the
approved construction documents. Refer to 2.6.1.1 Roofing on page 169 for additional
information.
2.5.2.4.2 Standing Seam Roofing
The following information applies to all standing seam roofing on a given project.
I.A. For proprietary products, refer to 1.3 Proprietary Products on page 40 for
documentation requirements.
I.B. Shop Drawings:
I.B.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed standing seam
roof drawings and placement/erection drawings.
govern.
I.C.1. For both standing seam roofing and anchorage devices:
I.C.1.1. Material/member sizes
I.C.1.2. Material types
I.C.1.3. Material grades
I.C.2. Lab tests for unidentified materials.
II.A. For proprietary products, refer to 1.3 Proprietary Products on page 40 for
II.B. Standing Seam Roof
II.B.1. Dimensional requirements within specified tolerances.
II.B.2.1. Connections
II.B.2.1.1. Fasteners
II.B.2.1.1.1 Type
II.B.2.1.1.1.1 For ferrous fasteners, corrosion
protective coatings per requirements.
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II.B.2.1.1.2 Size
II.B.2.1.1.3 Placement
II.B.2.1.1.3.1 Proper engagement of joined materials.
II.B.2.1.1.3.1.1 For blind connections (i.e. due
to the sequence of construction,
joined materials cannot be
easily seen once connection is
complete), proper markings to
facilitate placement of fastener
to join materials.
II.B.2.1.1.3.2 Frequently, fasteners are more tightly
spaced at the perimeter and corners of
the roof compared to the interior. Refer
to approved construction documents for
requirements.
II.B.2.1.2. Anchorage Devices
II.B.2.1.2.1 Type
II.B.2.1.2.2 Size
II.B.2.1.2.3 Placement
II.B.2.1.2.3.1 Proper engagement of joined materials.
II.B.2.1.2.3.2 Frequently, anchorage devices are more
tightly spaced at the perimeter and
corners of the roof compared to the
interior. Refer to approved construction
documents for requirements.
2.5.2.4.3 Solar Photovoltaic and Thermal

Systems
For documentation and inspection
requirements, refer to IR 16-8 as well as the
Figure 2-65: Thermal System
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2.6 Non-Structural Requirements
Prior to any non-structural item being inspected, generally speaking, the gravity and lateral
system related items applicable to a given building or portion thereof (refer to 2.3 Gravity
Framing Systems on page 74 and 2.4 Lateral Force Resisting Systems on page 140 for further
information) must be inspected for compliance with the approved construction documents by
the project inspector.
2.6.1 Weather Protection

Proper protection of the structure from the elements is important to ensure that the anticipated
life-span for the structure occurs (see Figure 2-66). This section provides documentation and
inspection information of weather protection systems in accordance with the approved
Figure 2-66: Water Damage to Roof Framing
2.6.1.1 Roofing
Roofs suffering from incorrect weather protection can cause damage to structural and nonstructural components. Proper roofing products and installation, along with maintenance, are
important to minimize detrimental weathering effects on these elements.
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I.B. Shop Drawings:
I.B.1. When applicable, receipt of design professional reviewed shop drawings.
govern.
I.C.1. Materials comply with requirements.
I.C.1.1. Manufacturers certification or identifying marks on materials
packaging or other approved means.
I.C.1.1.1. Fire retardant-treated wood shingles and shakes bear
specified labels.
I.C.1.1.2. Asphalt shingles bear specified ASTM label indicating
wind load resistance compliance.
I.C.1.2. Approved testing/quality control agency label.
II.C. Installation
II.C.1. Insulation system, where occurs, per requirements.
II.C.2. Fasteners
II.C.2.1. Type
II.C.2.1.1. Corrosion inhibiting coatings per requirements.
II.C.2.2. Size
II.C.2.3. Placement
II.C.3. Drainage System
II.C.3.1. Achievement of specified roof slopes.
II.C.3.2. Type
II.C.3.2.1. Primary and secondary
II.C.3.3. Location
II.C.3.3.1. Drains, piping, gutters
II.C.3.3.1.1 Connection/anchorage details per requirements.
II.C.4. Ballasted Systems
II.C.4.1. Type of ballast.
II.C.4.2. Thickness of ballasted layer.
II.C.5. Where roofing tile occurs, see 2.5.2.4.1 Roof Tile on page 167 for
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II.C.6. Repair procedures and materials where protective weather covering is
punctured, torn, cut, or penetrated by various trades.
2.6.1.2 Exterior Walls
I.B.1. Materials comply with requirements.
I.B.1.1. Special siding requirements:
I.B.1.1.1. Vinyl siding and fiber-cement siding have labeling by an
approved quality control agency per requirements.
I.B.1.1.2. Metal composite siding is labeled by an approved agency
per requirements. Information in labeling frequently
contains the following:
I.B.1.1.2.1 Manufacturer's or distributor's identification.
I.B.1.1.2.2 Model Number
I.B.1.1.2.3 Serial number or definitive information describing
the product or material's performance
characteristics.
I.B.1.1.2.4 Approved agency's identification.
I.B.1.2. Refer to appropriate sections above and below for documentation
requirements.
II.C. Installation
II.C.1. Sequential installation of flashing and layers per requirements.
II.C.1.1. Openings
II.C.1.2. Laps
II.C.1.2.1. Minimum lap dimensions.
II.C.2. Thickness of covering per requirements.
II.C.3. Fasteners
II.C.3.1. Type
II.C.3.1.1. Corrosion inhibiting coatings per requirements.
II.C.3.2. Size
II.C.3.3. Placement
II.C.4. Repair procedures and materials where protective weather covering is
punctured, torn, cut, or penetrated by various trades.
II.C.5. Buildings in flood hazard zones
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II.C.5.1. Any special preservative treatment requirements associated with
wood framed walls extending below the design flood.
II.C.6. Plastered Wall
II.C.6.1. Where wood structural panel occurs, confirm water resistive
barrier per requirements, which may exceed requirements at
other locations.
II.C.6.2. Surface preparation of masonry or concrete walls having directly
applied plaster per requirements.
II.C.6.3. Lathing
II.C.6.3.1. Self-furring lath per requirements. See IR 25-4 for
additional requirements.
II.C.6.3.2. Weep screed placement, including minimum dimensions
from earth/hardscape.
II.C.6.4. Layer thicknesses per requirements.
II.C.6.5. Wait times between coating applications per requirements.
2.6.1.3 Ventilation
I.A. Ventilation openings per requirements.
I.A.1. Opening Size
I.A.2. Opening Location
Figure 2-67: Attic Ventilation Holes
I.A.2.1. Attics (see Figure 2-67).

I.A.2.2. Enclosed rafter spaces (see Figure 2-68).
I.A.2.3. Under-floor
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I.A.2.3.1. Ventilation opening coverings per requirements.
Figure 2-68: Enclosed Rafter Space Ventilation Holes at Ridge
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2.7 Specialty Structures and Items
This section provides documentation and inspection guidance for structures and items that are
different from common building structures and components.
However, nearly all specialty structures have foundations of some type. Prior to specialty
structure item being inspected, generally speaking, all foundation system related items
applicable to a given structure or portion thereof (refer to 2.2 Foundation Systems on page 62
for further information) must be inspected for compliance with the approved construction
documents by the project inspector.
2.7.1 Steel Storage Racks

In addition to the California Building Code, projects using steel storage racks are generally
governed by a referenced standard issued by the Rack Manufacturers Institute (RMI; see
http://www.mhia.org/industrygroups/rmi). The primary reference for general design and
construction requirements is:
Specification for Design, Testing and Utilization of Industrial Steel Storage Racks,
ANSI/MH16.1-08 (RMI 2008)
RMI 2008 has both gravity and seismic requirements; no additional reference is necessary.
For all steel storage racks, the following information applies:
I.A.1. Depending on the sections provided and information in the approved
construction documents, material identification is based on either:
I.A.1.1. Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, ANSI/AISC 360-05.
I.A.1.1.1. Refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116 for
additional documentation requirements (including special
inspections).
I.A.1.2. North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel
Structural Members, AISI 2001 (Note: this is an older reference
than for typical cold formed steel products).
I.A.1.2.1. Refer to 2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel on page 125 for
additional documentation requirements (including special
inspections).
I.A.1.3. Refer to RMI 2008 Section 9 for additional information.
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II.A. Specified loading identification plaque is in place for each rack (RMI 2008 Section
1.4.2).
II.B. For storage racks with moveable shelves, all required stability components are in
place (RMI 2008 Section 1.4.6).
II.C. When used, column base plate shims per requirements (RMI 2008 Section 7.2.4).
II.D. Racks adjacent to building structure:
II.D.1. When connected to building structure, connection and any testing
associated with connection.
II.D.1.1. Post-installed anchors and connections.
II.D.1.1.1. For both masonry and concrete construction, refer to the
post-installed anchor section in 2.3.1.1 Cast In Place
(CIP) Concrete subsection I.B.3 Post-installed anchors:
on page 76 and II.F Post-installed anchors and
II.D.2. When not connected to building structure, gap between rack and building
per requirements.
II.E. Out-of-plumb and out-of-straight conditions per requirements (RMI 2008 Section
1.4.11).
2.7.2 Walk-In Freezers and Cold Storage Boxes

Walk-in freezers and cold storage boxes (WIF/CSB) are to be anchored to the floor and
structure based on the details shown in the approved drawings. There are no special
documentation and inspection requirements for WIF/CSB, except for any post-installed
anchors:
For both masonry and concrete construction, refer to the post-installed anchor section in
2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete subsection I.B.3 Post-installed anchors: on page
76 and II.F Post-installed anchors and connections: on page 82.
Depending on the type of foundation and structural framing dictates which section above
applies; likewise, depending on the fire/life safety and accessibility requirements, various
sections below apply. Refer to the respective applicable sections for documentation and
2.7.3 Remotely Fabricated Structures or Structural Elements

For general requirements associated with testing and inspection of remotely fabricated
structures and structural elements, refer to IR A-15.
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2.7.3.1 Elevators
Special requirements and allowances specific to plant fabricated elevators are provided in IR
16-1. The majority of the requirements with respect to testing and inspection apply to in-plant
inspectors. Therefore, the list below relies heavily on documents produced by those
inspectors.
I.A. Receipt of the DSA 6-PI form by the in-plant inspector indicated in IR 16-1 for each
building module.
I.B. Receipt of all applicable material/structural testing and special inspection
documentation based on the information noted in the DSA 103 form.
II.A. Refer to the applicable sections above and below for further information.
II.B. Post-installed anchors and connections.
II.B.1. For both masonry and concrete construction, refer to the post-installed
2.7.3.2 Relocatable Buildings
Special requirements and allowances specific to relocatable buildings are provided in IR 16-1.
The majority of the requirements with respect to testing and inspection apply to Relocatable
Building In-Plant (RBIP) inspectors (for a list of DSA approved RBIP inspectors, see
https://www.apps.dgs.ca.gov/Tracker/InspByCategory.aspx?Id=03). Therefore, the list below
relies heavily on documents produced by those inspectors.
I.A. Receipt of the DSA 6-PI form by the RBIP inspector indicated in IR 16-1 for each
building module.
I.B. Receipt of all applicable material/structural testing and special inspection
documentation based on the information noted in the DSA 103 form.
I.C. Grounding tests (see 5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS
subsection 5.4 Electrical
I.D. In addition to the information below, also refer to the CEC. on page 257 for
II.A. Refer to each of the cases below for further information.
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2.7.3.2.1 Single Story Buildings
In addition to the noted items applicable to all relocatable buildings, the necessary
documentation and inspection items are listed in DSA 121: Checklist for Site Inspection of
Relocatable Buildings (refer to APPENDIX B REFERENCED DSA FORMS starting on page
313 for a copy of the noted form).
2.7.3.2.2 Multi-Level Buildings
Depending on the type of construction materials dictates which section in this manual applies.
Based on that information, refer to the applicable sections above and below.
2.7.3.3 Reviews Stands, Grandstands, and Bleachers
For documentation and inspection requirements, refer to the following IRs:
For projects approved under the 2001 CBC, see IR 16-5.01.
For projects approved under the 2007 CBC, see IR 16-5.07.
Refer to APPENDIX B REFERENCED DSA FORMS on page 313 for forms DSA 130 and
DSA 131.
2.7.4 Wind Turbines

Wind turbines are usually constructed of structural steel. Refer to 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on
page 116 and, based on the lateral system, the appropriate section in 2.4.4 Steel starting on
page 148. Due to the rather unique nature of wind turbines, additional requirements are
provided in IR A-29.
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3 FIRE/LIFE SAFETY INSPECTION ITEMS
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FIRE/LIFE SAFETY INSPECTION ITEMS

3.1 Site Issues
Fire/Life Safety items related to the site typically involve issues important to the Local Fire
Authority (LFA) and are generally addressed on a LFA-dedicated site plan sheet. The LFAs
review and approval of site items is confirmed during DSA design review and i ndicated on the
LFA drawing with a checked and signed information box directly on the sheet. Frequent
questions generated by both school districts and LFAs have resulted in DSA generating a Fire
and Life Safety Frequently Asked Questions document addressing those.
requirements.
II.A. Site issues: (CFC Chapter 5)
II.A.1. Confirm that all actual site conditions are reflected on the approved
documents. Any discrepancies shall be immediately brought to the
attention of the Architect of Record for DSA-approved resolution.
II.A.2. Temporary fire protection is provided during construction as required.
II.A.3. Location
II.A.3.1. Fire Hydrants
II.A.3.1.1. Confirm point-of-connection for fire line. (Note that offsite points of connection will typically require off-site
drawings reviewed and approved by the local
municipality.)
II.A.3.1.2. Verify hydrants have proper clear space around and are
protected from mechanical damage.
II.A.3.2. Back flow preventer
II.A.3.3. Post Indicator Valve
II.A.3.4. Local fire department verification of locations of items above and
the following (this is not an exhaustive list):
II.A.3.4.1. Siamese Connections
II.A.3.4.2. Hose and threading connections.
II.A.3.4.3. Alarm system (see 3.3.1 Fire/Smoke Alarms on page 185
II.A.4. See 3.3.2 Automatic Fire Suppression Systems, subsection II.A on page
188 for additional related requirements.
II.A.4.1. Fire Lane:
II.A.4.1.1. Unobstructed per requirements horizontally and
vertically, especially required clearances at fire truck
turn-arounds.
II.A.4.1.2. Knox box location.
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II.A.4.1.3. Drop-off/pick-up zones do not encroach into fire lane.
II.A.4.2. Safe Dispersal Area (SDA)
II.A.4.2.1. No closer than specified limit to the nearest building
II.A.4.2.2. Located so that a clear path of egress is provided from
the building to the SDA.
II.A.4.3. Fences and Gates:
II.A.4.3.1. Site fences and gates per requirements.
II.A.4.3.1.1 Panic Hardware
II.A.4.3.1.2 Swing direction of egress gates.
II.A.4.4. Cargo Containers:
II.A.4.4.1. Note that most sites use cargo containers for various
storage purposes and relocate them around campus as
needed. These containers may not be located
haphazardly. Verify container location is a specified
minimum distance away from any building or property
line unless noted otherwise. See IR A-27 for additional
information.
II.A.4.4.2. .
II.A.5. Check fire lane paving section will support a fully loaded fire truck.
II.A.6. Signage:
II.A.6.1. Fire lane is properly signed and marked.
II.A.6.2. Building construction has an address number, building number or
building identification in a position plainly legible and visible from
the street.
II.A.6.3. Exterior doors that have been rendered non-functional yet still
retain a functional door appearance are labeled with a sign
indicating THIS DOOR BLOCKED.
II.A.7. Stairs and Ramps:
II.A.7.1. Stairs
II.A.7.1.1. Rise-to-run ratio for site stairs
II.A.7.1.1.1 Top or bottom of an exterior stair meeting a
sloping public way, walkway or driveway are
common problem areas.
II.A.7.1.2. Verify exterior steps will not accumulate standing rain
water.
II.A.7.1.3. Handrails are provided within specified limit of the
required exit width.
II.A.7.2. Confirm handrail and guardrail heights.
II.A.7.3. Handrails do not each encroach more than specified limit into the
required width.
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3.2 General Building Characteristics
Becoming familiar with the overall building layout and its various fire/life safety characteristics
is a crucial first step to properly inspect those features. ACTIVE PROTECTION includes fire
detectors and alarms, fire sprinklers and smoke control systems; PASSIVE PROTECTION
includes fireproofing, rated assemblies, fire-rated through-penetration details, and exiting
pathways, to name a few. Note that the California Building Code allows some reductions in
requirements for passive systems if the building has a fire sprinkler system. All of these
systems are intended to limit the passage and growth of smoke and fire.
The required components are dictated by the relative fire hazard associated with the building
occupancy classification, specified room use, type of construction, and distance between
adjacent buildings or the property line. The severity of hazard depends on the flammability,
combustibility and reactivity of the materials and the quantity of material present. Some of
these requirements can impact other types of inspections (e.g. fire walls require independent
structural stability on both sides of the wall, which can affect the structural framing support
details). The DSA approved construction documents identify all of these features which act as
a fire/life safety system to protect the building occupants.
3.2.1 Use/Occupancy
I.A. Review the approved plans to become familiar with the various occupancies and
room uses for the building.
I.A.1. Confirm that the use and occupancy of each room is consistent with the
approved documents.
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I.A.1.1. For assembly use areas, signage posting is provided per
requirements (see BU 11-08).
I.B. Confirm required fire rated separations, horizontal and vertical, between adjacent
room uses and occupancies, and fire areas. (refer to Table 3-1 and Table 3-2,
taken from CBC 508.2.5 and 508.4, for commonly specified fire rated separations)
Table 3-1: CBC Table 508.2.5 - Incidental Accessory Occupancies - Required Separations
I.B.1. Note the difference between fire walls, fire barriers and fire partitions
described in CBC 706, 707, and 709.
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Table 3-2: CBC Table 508.4 - Occupancy Separation Requirements
3.2.2 Type of construction

I.A. Review the approved plans to become familiar with the type of construction for the
building.
I.B. Fire rating of the building frame, walls, floors, and roof is per requirements (refer to
Table 3-3 on page 184 and Table 3-6 on page 198 taken from CBC Table 601 and
602, respectively, for commonly specified fire ratings for these portions of the
building).
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Table 3-3: CBC Table 601 - Fire Rating Requirements for Building Elements
3.2.3 Setbacks and Yards

I.A. Review plans to become familiar with the setbacks and yards for the building.
I.B. Fire rating of the building exterior walls.
I.C. Fire rated separations between adjacent room uses or occupancies.
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3.3 Fire/Smoke Protection
Fire-resistant-rated construction, typically referred to as PASSIVE PROTECTION, provides fire
and smoke safety and is one of two basic forms of fire protection in building design. Passive
protection provides defense against the migration of flame, smoke and heat by the use of fireresistant materials, atmospheric compartmentalization, and based on typical human
response behavior properly sized and positioned corridors, stairways, exits and other related
egress system components.
The other form of safety, ACTIVE PROTECTION, is generally concerned with the design of fire
detection, alarm, and suppression systems and is primarily addressed in 3.3.1 Fire/Smoke
Alarms on page 185 and 3.3.2 Automatic Fire Suppression Systems on page 187. Note that
inspections involving fire/smoke protection issues should be coordinated with structural and
access issues since the integration of all three is crucial to the success of the overall design.
All the associated passive features are incorporated in the DSA approved construction
documents and are usually provided in the Code analysis sheets and related details.
3.3.1 Fire/Smoke Alarms

Detectors and alarm notification devices are an important part of the ACTIVE PROTECTION
system for fire-resistant-rated construction. Although CBC section 907 addresses the
conditions requiring a fire alarm and detection system, the majority of the design, installation,
testing and inspection requirements are found in the following reference standard, previously
noted in 1.2.4 Codes and Referenced Standards on page 38:
2010 NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm Code (CA Amended)
The typical system is an interconnected series of smoke and/or heat detectors on dedicated
power distributed throughout the building so that, when activated, either manually or
automatically, a signal is sent triggering visual and audio alarm devices within the threatened
fire area and also to an off-site, supervised facility that alerts the local fire authority (LFA). The
intent is to detect a fire sufficiently early so that the building occupants are alerted to the
danger and have adequate time to evacuate safely and so the LFA can respond in a timely
manner to limit casualties and reduce property losses.
requirements.
I.B. Test Documentation
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I.B.1. For existing buildings, fire alarm testing documentation is required per IR
A-28.
I.B.2. For additional testing documentation, refer to II.D Testing on page 187.
II.A. Proper storage and handling of materials and devices.
II.B. Devices
II.B.1. California State Fire Marshal approved:
II.B.1.1. Detectors
II.B.1.2. Alarms
II.B.1.2.1. Fire alarm has approved supervising station per
requirements (see PL 11-01).
II.B.1.3. All other associated equipment.
II.B.2. Fire alarm and detection system devices are protected from mechanical
damage.
II.B.2.1. Check that devices have not been dropped, painted or otherwise
compromised.
II.C. Installation
II.C.1. Location:
II.C.1.1. Verity location of each device.
II.C.1.1.1. Note that due to the diagrammatic nature of mechanical,
plumbing and electrical designs, the actual installation of
such items may interfere with the intended design of the
fire alarm system. The fire alarm detector spacing is
extremely important to the correct functioning of the
system; deviations from the drawings could be
detrimental to the system performance and may require
redesign.
II.C.1.1.2. Spacing complies with the device listing.
II.C.1.2. Fire alarm and detection system devices properly attached to the
substrate.
II.C.1.3. Check fire alarm and detection system devices are not adjacent
to any unusual heat source that might trigger premature
notification.
II.C.1.4. Above-ceiling fire alarm and detection system are accessible for
repair and maintenance.
II.C.1.5. Obstructions:
II.C.1.5.1. Each detector is not obstructed by structural members,
ductwork, cable trays and other similar items. If such
obstruction occurs, the PI shall notify the Architect
immediately for resolution.
II.C.1.5.2. Ceiling changes during construction that affect the
Structural or Fire/Life Safety portions of the project must
be reviewed for their impact to the fire alarm and
detection system and DSA approved prior to installation.
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II.C.1.5.3. Walls
II.C.1.5.3.1 Fire alarm and detection system conduit crossing
building expansion/seismic joints are properly
installed for movement.
II.C.1.5.3.2 Fire alarm and detection system conduit
penetrating rated walls are installed to resist the
passage of fire, smoke, hot gases and heat per
requirements.
II.C.1.5.3.2.1 Fire alarm and detection system lines
through rated walls are securely fastened
on each side of the wall per
requirements.
II.C.2. All required signage is provided.
II.D. Testing
II.D.1. Test both the fire alarm and detection system per requirements. (Note:
NFPA 72 Chapter 14 addresses acceptance requirements in detail. See
also IR A-21 and GL-2.)
II.E. Verify owner has received all required literature, reference standards and
instructions describing the proper operation and maintenance of the equipment and
devices installed.
3.3.2 Automatic Fire Suppression Systems

Automatic fire suppression systems are another important part of the ACTIVE PROTECTION
system for fire-resistant-rated construction. Although CBC section 903 addresses the
conditions requiring an automatic sprinkler system, the majority of the design, installation,
testing and inspection requirements are found in the following reference standards, previously
noted in 1.2.4 Codes and Referenced Standards on page 38:
2010 NFPA 13 Automatic Sprinkler Systems (CA Amended)
2007 NFPA 14 Standpipe Systems (CA Amended)
2007 NFPA 20 Stationary Pumps
2010 NFPA 24 Private Fire Mains (CA Amended)
In addition, the following reference standard also applies:
2008 NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection , Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based
Fire Protection Systems
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As a system, water-based fire suppression is widely used, generally available and relatively
inexpensive. Since water is pump-able, nontoxic, relatively noncorrosive and stable, it is a
highly effective cooling and extinguishing agent. A fire sprinkler system is also much more
effective than a fire hose response since it applies a minimal amount of water at the source
before total room fire involvement.
The general effect of the production of a mist of water droplets by a fire sprinkler causes
significant cooling, reducing the radiative feedback to the fire below the level which is needed
to sustain combustion. In addition, the evaporation of the water produces steam which has a
volume 1,700 times greater than that of water thus depriving the fire of needed oxygen and
therefore effectively smothering it.
A fire sprinkler system typically includes the following elements:
A tap-in to the city water main.
An underground extension from the main to the building in question - sized to provide
sufficient gallons per minute at sufficient pressure.
Valves and monitoring devices connected to the fire alarm system.
A pipe distribution system throughout the building, providing a designed gallons/minute
coverage via sprinkler heads of certain capacity and spacing.
Each sprinkler head has a liquid-filled tube designed to respond to a particular preset
temperature, depending on its location in the building. When that temperature is reached, the
liquid expands, bursting the tube, simultaneously opening the valve for that sprinkler head.
This is a self-operating system, needing no power or signal to activate.
requirements.
I.B. Qualifications of individuals planning to install, either above or below ground, fire
sprinkler system components per IR A-25.
I.C. Testing Documentation
I.C.1. Where electric fire pumps occur, qualifications of individuals providing
acceptance or performance testing of such pumps per IR A-25.
I.C.2. For additional testing documentation, refer to II.F Testing on page 193.
II.A. Fire protection system serving other occupied buildings is not Interrupted or shut off
during construction.
II.B. Main service, distribution, gong or alarm locations, and space provisions are
understood.
II.C. Proper storage and handling of materials and devices.
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II.C.1. Ensure that distribution pipes are not cracked at junctures due to
fabrication or storage and handling problems (see Figure 3-1).
Figure 3-1: Rejected Sprinkler Pipe Due To Separation At Welds
II.D. Devices
II.D.1. Fire Hydrants
II.D.2. Fire pumps (see CBC 913 and NFPA 20)
II.D.2.1. Verify pump. Note that design changes to the building during
construction may affect fire pump capacity and must be reviewed
and approved by DSA prior to pump installation.
II.D.3. Back Flow Preventers
II.D.4. Fire Department Connections
II.D.5. Post Indicator Valves
II.D.6. Piping (for standpipe, riser, main and distribution systems)
II.D.6.1. Type
II.D.6.2. Size
II.D.6.3. Pressure Capacity
II.D.7. Standpipes (see CBC 905 and NFPA 14)
II.D.8. Distribution system
II.D.8.1. Sprinkler Type
II.D.8.1.1. Sprinkler Heads
II.D.8.1.1.1 Heads as required for spaces are provided and
installed in accordance with NFPA and approved
plans.
II.D.8.1.1.1.1 All heads are:
II.D.8.1.1.1.1.1 New
II.D.8.1.1.1.1.2 Unpainted
II.D.8.1.1.1.1.3 Properly temperature-rated
II.D.8.1.1.1.1.4 Provided with guards where
subject to mechanical injury.
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II.D.8.1.1.1.1.5 Have clearances required.
II.D.8.2. Sprinkler Rating
II.E. Installation
II.E.1. No unscheduled (not specified on approved drawings) cutting of structural
members occurs.
II.E.2. Location
II.E.2.1. Wet standpipe cabinets of proper type, size, and base length are
provided, located, and installed as specified.
II.E.2.1.1. Valve is not over specified limit above floor.
II.E.2.2. Proper Device/Piping Orientation
II.E.2.3. Device/Piping Protection
II.E.2.3.1. Mechanical damage (see Figure 3-1 on page 189 for an
example).
II.E.2.3.2. Freezing (for both exterior components and those within
building envelope which may be without heating, such as
fire pump rooms).
II.E.2.3.2.1 Protection from temperatures below 40F.
II.E.2.4. Underground (see NFPA 24)
II.E.2.4.1. Pathway from point of connection to building is free of
encumbrances.
II.E.2.4.1.1 Note that even though the system is pressurized,
added horizontal bends and vertical dips to the
pipe layout due to unknown or unexpected
obstacles may impact the hydraulic calculations
and may necessitate system redesign.
II.E.2.4.2. Pipe-to-pipe connections.
II.E.2.4.3. Trench/Pipe Bedding
II.E.2.4.4. Installation Depth
II.E.2.4.5. Protection (if needed due to hot soil).
II.E.2.4.6. Thrust block installation.
II.E.2.4.7. Trench backfill requirements.
II.E.2.4.8. Check underground work to the point of connection,
usually to a point 6 above the finished floor in a fire riser
closet.
II.E.2.4.8.1 No fire line pipe joints are allowed under the
building footing.
II.E.2.4.9. Verify that fire line does not run under building slab
except at the entrance to the building fire riser room.
II.E.2.5. Riser
II.E.2.5.1. Clearance between riser and floor where it enters the
building.
II.E.2.5.2. Back check valve, drains, bells, gauges and switches per
requirements.
II.E.2.5.3. Correct flex couplings and 4-way braces.
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II.E.2.6. Distribution System
II.E.2.6.1. Wet pipe systems:
II.E.2.6.1.1 Alarm, valve assembly, and water flow indicators
comply with connection diagram.
II.E.2.6.2. Dry pipe systems:
II.E.2.6.2.1 Valve installation complies with connection
diagram.
II.E.2.6.2.2 Proper installation of air compressors and tanks.
II.E.2.6.3. Note differences between interior and exterior
installations.
II.E.2.6.3.1 Location of concealed and exposed lines is
understood (vaulted ceilings are a common
coordination problem).
II.E.2.6.4. Drainage valves or plugs allow complete drainage of
entire system.
II.E.2.6.4.1 These items are located so as not to cause water
damage during usage.
II.E.2.6.5. Branch piping is off top of main.
II.E.2.6.6. Sprinkler lines are hung and braced, longitudinally and
laterally as shown in approved construction documents.
II.E.2.6.7. Sprinkler Head Layout
II.E.2.6.7.1 Sprinkler head water flow density may vary
depending on hazard classification and
construction type.
II.E.2.6.7.2 Due to the diagrammatic nature of mechanical,
plumbing and electrical designs, their installation
layout may interfere with the intended design of
the fire sprinkler system. The sprinkler head
spacing is extremely important to the correct
functioning of the system.
II.E.2.6.7.2.1 Deviations from the approved drawings
could be detrimental to the system
performance and may require redesign.
II.E.2.6.8. Sprinkler head elevation above finished floor.
II.E.2.6.8.1 If the designed elevation conflicts with structural
members, ductwork, cable trays, cabinetwork and
other similar items and the conflict will affect the
sprinkler water discharge pattern, the PI shall
notify the Architect immediately for resolution.
(Deviations from the approved documents that
add pipe elbows become more and more
detrimental to the design capacity of the system,
especially where small pipe sizes are involved
due to the resulting increased friction loss.)
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II.E.2.6.9. Ceilings
II.E.2.6.9.1 Ceiling design changes during construction
affecting the Structural or Fire/Life Safety portions
of such work are reviewed for their impact to the
fire sprinkler design and DSA approved prior to
installation.
II.E.2.6.9.2 Sprinkler heads not integrally tied to a ceiling
system must have free lateral movement in any
horizontal direction of a specified dimension. See
IR 25-2.10 for more information.
II.E.2.7. Fire Pumps
II.E.2.7.1. Where fire pumps are indicated, check system is
protected against any interruption in service.
II.E.2.7.2. Check pump room is fire rated per requirements.
II.E.2.7.2.1 If a separate pump house is provided, it is at
least the specified distance away from the
building.
II.E.2.8. Standpipes
II.E.2.8.1. Proper Drains
II.E.2.8.2. Proper Gauges.
II.E.2.9. Obstructions
II.E.2.9.1. Distribution Systems
II.E.2.9.1.1 Sprinkler lines crossing building
expansion/seismic joints are properly installed for
movement.
II.E.2.9.1.2 Sprinkler lines penetrating rated walls are
properly installed to resist the passage of fire,
smoke, hot gases and heat per requirements.
II.E.2.9.1.2.1 Sprinkler lines through rated walls are
securely fastened on each side of the
rated wall.
II.E.2.9.1.3 Sprinkler heads are protected from mechanical.
II.E.2.9.1.3.1 Check that heads have not been
dropped, painted or otherwise
compromised.
II.E.2.9.1.4 Sprinkler heads are not adjacent to any unusual
heat source that might trigger premature sprinkler
operation.
II.E.2.9.1.5 Above-ceiling sprinklers are accessible for repair
and maintenance.
II.E.2.10. Signage/Labeling
II.E.2.10.1. Riser
II.E.2.10.2. Standpipes
II.E.2.10.3. Fire Pump and Fire Pump Room
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II.E.2.10.3.1 Electrical fire pumps labeling per requirements
(see IR E-3).
II.E.2.11. Alarm-Supervised
II.E.2.11.1. Riser Assembly
II.E.2.11.2. Distribution System
II.E.2.11.3. Standpipes
II.E.2.11.4. Fire Pump Assembly.
II.F. Testing
II.F.1. Special Requirements
II.F.1.1. Underground
II.F.1.1.1. If nearby construction has occurred during the time
interval between the approval of the DSA approved
documents and the start of construction, and the fire flow
is suspected of being reduced because of the
construction, verify the fire flow capacity per the
approved requirements.
II.F.1.1.2. Mains or Hydrants
II.F.1.1.2.1 Where underground mains and hydrants are
provided, check they are installed, completed and
in service prior to building construction work.
II.F.2. Post-Installation Testing
II.F.2.1. Test devices for functionality.
II.F.2.2. Test underground work per NFPA 25.
II.F.2.3. Test sprinkler system and riser. (Note NFPA 13 Chapter 24
addresses acceptance requirements in detail.)
II.F.2.3.1. Sprinkler test valve is installed as shown on the approved
drawings (see GL-1).
II.F.2.4. Fire Pumps (see NFPA 20 Chapter 14)
II.F.2.5. Standpipes (see NFPA 14 Chapter 11)
II.F.2.6. Wet pipe systems:
II.F.2.6.1. Observe test of water flow alarm signal.
II.F.2.6.2. Confirm alarm, valve assembly, and water flow indicators
for conformance with connection diagram.
II.F.2.7. Dry pipe systems:
II.F.2.7.1. Observe test of alarm signal time, etc...
II.G. Verify Owner has received all required literature, reference standards and
instructions describing the proper operation and maintenance of the equipment and
devices installed.
II.G.1. Riser
II.G.2. Distribution System
II.G.2.1. Spare sprinkler heads are provided as specified.
II.G.3. Fire Pumps
II.G.4. Standpipes
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3.3.3 Other Extinguishing Systems
Beside water-based ACTIVE PROTECTION fire suppression systems, other media are
allowed. These are typically divided between dry and wet chemical agents. Although CBC
sections 904 and 906 address the conditions requiring fire suppression by means other than
water, the majority of the design, installation, testing and inspection requirements are
addressed in the following reference standards, previously noted in 1.2.4 Codes and
Referenced Standards on page 38:
2002 NFPA 17A Standard for Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems
2008 NFPA 2001 Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems
In addition, the following reference standards apply:
2007NFPA 10 Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers
2002 NFPA 17 Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems
2008 NFPA 96 Standard for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial
Cooking Operations
Wet or dry agents are used in special cases where an agent is particularly suited to protect an
area with an unusual type of hazard or where extra-quick and/or non-destructive (clean agent)
extinguishing is desired. Such systems can be applied through a distributed pipe array or in
individual hand-operated devices such as fire extinguishers.
requirements.
II.A. Proper storage and handling of materials and devices.
II.B. Devices
II.B.1. Dry, wet and clean agent systems::
II.B.1.1. System Type
II.B.1.2. Systems for Type I cooking hoods
II.B.1.2.1. Agent Capacity
II.B.1.2.2. Safety Controls
II.B.2. Confirm Owner has received all required literature, reference standards
and instructions describing the proper operation and maintenance of the
equipment and devices installed.
II.B.3. Hand-Operated Fire Extinguishers:
II.B.3.1. Extinguisher Type
II.C. Installation
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II.C.1. Location
II.C.1.1. Top of wall-mounted extinguishers is not over specified limit.
II.C.1.2. Dry, wet and clean agent systems:
II.C.1.2.1. Head or nozzle arrangement and its structural support
system.
II.C.1.2.2. Check manual activation apparatus is provided and
properly located.
II.C.1.2.3. Systems for Type 1 cooking hoods
II.C.1.2.3.1 Nozzle Layout
II.C.1.3. Hand-Operated Fire Extinguishers:
II.C.1.3.1. Distribution distances of extinguishers per requirements.
II.C.1.3.2. Extinguishers are in conspicuous and readily accessible
locations along the normal paths of egress.
II.C.1.3.2.1 Special hazard locations may require additional
fire extinguishers where shown on approved
II.C.2. Dry, wet and clean agent systems:
II.C.2.1. System alarm connection to the general building fire alarm
system.
II.C.3. Obstructions
II.C.3.1.1. If system piping or system conduit penetrates a rated
wall, verify penetration detail.
II.C.4. Signage/Labeling
II.C.4.1.1. Warning signs and other visual indicators indicating that
the system is about to be activated and/or has been
activated.
II.C.4.1.2. Systems for Type 1 cooking hoods.
II.D. Testing
II.D.1. Dry, wet and clean agent systems:
II.D.1.1. Test extinguishing system per NFPA 96 Chapter 11.
II.D.1.2. Post-activation venting of system.
II.D.1.2.1. Space is sealed to limit air leakage as required.
II.D.1.3. Systems for Type 1 cooking hoods
II.D.1.3.1. Verify automatic shut downs of the make-up air supply
and the heating fuel system when the fire suppression
system is activated.
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3.3.4 Smoke Control Systems
Smoke control is a complex problem that is highly dependent on the geometry of the building
in question and requires specialized design and inspection. The purpose of a smoke control
system is to provide a tenable atmospheric environment for occupants during evacuation.
Smoke control systems can be either PASSIVE PROTECTION systems, where the use of
smoke barriers or high bay spaces are used to control the movement of smoke to other areas;
or ACTIVE PROTECTION, where mechanical means are used to utilize pressure differences
to contain smoke within the event zone or control make-up air and exhaust rates sufficient to
slow the descent of high level smoke accumulation to a minimum height above egress paths.
Besides CBC 909, smoke control system design is referenced by the CBC to the following
reference standards:
2009 NFPA 92A, Recommended Practice for Smoke-Control Systems
2005 NFPA 92B, Guide for Smoke Management Systems in Malls, Atria, and Large
Areas
I.A. Proprietary Products
I.A.1. For proprietary products, refer to 1.3 Proprietary Products on page 40 for
requirements.
I.A.2. A rational analysis report shall be provided to the PI providing sufficient
information and detail to adequately describe the elements of the design.
I.B. Special Inspection Documentation
I.B.1. Smoke control systems must have special inspection by a qualified
inspector having expertise in fire protection engineering, mechanical
engineering and certification as air balancers.
I.B.1.1. Preliminary testing shall occur prior to concealment of the system
I.B.1.2. Final testing shall occur prior to occupancy for pressure
differential, leakage, flow, detection and control verification.
II.A. Smoke control systems shall be inspected and tested by special agencies having
expertise in fire protection engineering, mechanical engineering and certification as
air balancers.
II.A.1. Verify preliminary and final testing noted above occurs.
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3.3.5 Fire-Rated Assemblies
Fire rated assemblies are part of a buildings PASSIVE PROTECTION system, using vertical
and horizontal barriers to prevent the migration of fire, smoke, heat and hot gases to other
building areas. Different assemblies have different hourly ratings, depending on their materials
and physical arrangement. The required rated assemblies, discussed primarily in CBC Chapter
7 and as shown on the DSA approved documents, are determined by the buildings
construction type, occupancy, height, area and means of egress system. Openings and
penetrations through fire-rated assemblies are addressed elsewhere in this document.
3.3.5.1 Walls
The information below applies to all fire-rated walls.
requirements.
II.A. Verify if wall is a fire wall, fire barrier, fire partition, smoke barrier or smoke partition
as described in CBC Chapter 7.
II.A.1. Verify wall assemblies comply with requirements. Commonly specified
ratings for wall (based on their function, e.g. fire wall, fire barrier, etc.) can
be seen in Table 3-4 and Table 3-5 taken from CBC Table 707.3.9 and
Table 706.4, respectively.
Table 3-4: CBC Table 707.3.9 - Fire Barrier Ratings

Table 3-5: CBC Table 706.4 - Fire Wall Ratings Based on Occupancy
II.A.2. Refer to the documents for the required fire rating of the building exterior
walls based on fire separation distance (refer to Table 3-6, taken from CBC
Table 602, for commonly specified fire ratings for these portions of the
building).
II.A.3. Confirm that fire walls are given construction priority for installation.
II.A.4. Wall Assembly Components
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Table 3-6: CBC Table 602 - Exterior Wall Fire Rating Requirements
II.A.4.1. Wall coverings comply with specified smoke and flame spread
ratings.
II.A.4.2. Insulation per requirements.
II.A.4.3. In combustible construction, check for fire blocking in concealed
wall spaces. Verify openings comply with requirements. See
3.3.6 Fire Proofing of Structural Members on page 207.
II.A.4.4. Structural steel elements within wall requiring fireproofing are
properly covered. See 3.3.6 Fire Proofing of Structural Members
on page 207.
II.A.5. Continuity of wall:
II.A.5.1. There are many options available to the designer for maintaining
the fire rating at the perimeter of the fire-rated wall. Below are
several common conditions. Verify requirements per the
approved documents.
II.A.5.1.1. Rated wall terminates at the roof deck or exterior wall; if
so the wall or roof on either side of that rated wall may
also need to be rated.
II.A.5.1.2. Rated wall continues beyond roof deck or exterior wall
and extends beyond the roof deck and exterior wall.
II.A.5.1.2.1 Where parapets occur, they have the same fire
resistance as that required for its supporting wall.
II.A.5.1.2.2 Where rated walls serve as an exterior wall
where a building has two different roof levels, the
fire-rated wall continues through the low roof/high
roof junction.
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II.A.6. Opening Limitations
II.A.6.1. No roof opening is provided within the specified distance of a fire
wall.
II.A.6.2. Electrical boxes in rated walls
II.A.6.2.1. Not installed back to back but are properly spaced or
have specified protective coverings.
II.A.6.3.
II.A.7. Mounting devices and hardware connected directly to wall framing allow
sufficient room for rated gypsum board or fireproofing to be installed
properly.
II.A.8. Signage
II.A.8.1. Rated walls are properly marked indicating their rating.
II.A.8.1.1. In accessible concealed spaces and attics, after taping of
Figure 3-2: Examples of Fire/Smoke Rated Wall Identification
joints and/or painting in those areas, rated walls are

marked accordingly (see Figure 3-2).
II.A.9. At fire walls, verify wall-floor/roof framing connections comply with
documents for special details required to ensure structural stability if the
structure on one side should collapse due to fire.
3.3.5.2 Horizontal Projections
requirements.
II.A. Fire Wall/Fire Barrier
II.A.1. Rated assembly extends to the outer edge of projecting elements when it
is within the indicated dimensions of the fire wall.
II.A.2. Rated assembly extends through concealed spaces.
II.A.2.1. Though the CBC has some exceptions to the required extent of
fire walls/barriers through concealed spaces (for example, see
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CBC 706.5, exception 2), the approved construction plans dictate
the requirements for the project.
The information below applies to all fire-rated floor/ceiling and roof/ceiling assemblies.
requirements.
II.A. Horizontal Assembly Components
II.A.1. Framing
II.A.1.1. Assembly complies with:
II.A.1.1.1. Framing Type
II.A.1.1.2. Spacing
II.A.1.1.3. Penetration Depth.
II.A.1.2. Structural steel elements requiring fireproofing are properly
covered.
II.A.1.2.1. No utility or other item in the horizontal assembly
compromises the integrity of the fireproofing.
I.A.1.1.1. If intumescent paint is used, paint has sufficient room to
expand when heated. (Intumescent paint typically
expands 10x its original volume and only performs to its
specification when fully expanded.)
II.B. Combustible Construction
II.B.1. At interconnection between vertical and horizontal spaces, see 3.3.7
Concealed Spaces on page 208.
II.B.2. Hot assemblies through a roof assembly, such as a gas vent stack, are
separated from combustible construction per requirements. See 3.3.5.5
Penetrations of Assemblies on page 204 for additional requirements.
II.B.3. Combustible vs. non-combustible materials in above-ceiling spaces:
II.B.3.1. Note that above-ceiling spaces generally contain a multitude of
materials and equipment, some of which may compromise the
designation of such a space as non-combustible. The architect
is required to provide on the drawings an analysis of the ceiling
space and a confirmation statement that the listed materials
conform with non-combustible requirements. If the PI observes
materials in the ceiling space not listed and/or materials whose
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non-combustibility is suspect, notify the Architect of Record
immediately for corrective DSA-approved action.
II.C. Edge Details
II.C.1. Floor/Ceiling
II.C.2. Roof/Ceiling
II.C.3. Joint system between wall and floor/roof-with-attic is securely installed
(see Figure 3-3 for an example condition).
II.C.3.1. At rated walls or floors/roofs, joint system must have a rating that
matches or exceeds those elements.
Exterior Curtain Wall
Approved material or
system to resist spread
of heat and hot gases
Rated or NonRated floor/roof

or floor/roofceiling assembly
Path of smoke, flame and gases

Figure 3-3: Fire Blocking At Floor Level & Curtain Wall
II.C.3.2. Though the CBC allows exceptions (see CBC 712), the approved
construction documents dictate the requirements for the project.
II.D. Openings comply with 3.3.5.6 Openings in Rated Assemblies (Opening
Protectives) on page 205.
3.3.5.4 Shaft Enclosures
Shaft enclosures are provided to protect openings and penetrations through floor/ceiling and
roof/ceiling assemblies. They include utility shafts, interior exit stairways, and elevator shafts.
Shaft enclosures are typically built as fire barriers. Their purpose is to confine a fire to its floor
of origin and to prevent fire, smoke, heat, and hot gases from migrating to other levels. Note
that shaft enclosures are not always required depending on how many stories a utility run
extends and whether the building has a fire sprinkler system, to mention just two exceptions
found in CBC 708; verify with the DSA approved documents.
requirements.
I.B. Receipt of Rational Analysis Report if elevator hoist way pressurization is a part of
the design.
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II.A. Rated Shafts
II.A.1. Shaft enclosure fire rated construction.
II.A.2. Location of shaft enclosures and their contents.
II.A.2.1. Note if shaft enclosures penetrate rated horizontal assemblies.
II.A.2.2. If a portion of a shaft enclosure includes an exterior wall the shaft
rating may not be required on the exterior wall unless it is shown
in the approved construction documents.
II.A.2.3. Verify the top and bottom of shaft complies
II.A.3. No shaft enclosure penetration is permitted other than that necessary for
the purpose of the shaft enclosure.
II.A.4. Duct and air transfer openings in a shaft enclosure per requirements.
II.A.4.1. Though there are some exceptions given in CBC 716, the
approved construction documents dictate requirements for the
project.
3.3.5.4.1 Elevators
Elevators are mobile cabs within a building shaft that allow people and materials to move
vertically through a building. Elevators may be unsafe in a fire because:
A person may push a call button and wait for an elevator that may never respond.
In a panic an elevator may be overcrowded which would prevent the doors from closing
and the elevator from operating.
A power failure could happen any time, preventing elevator operation.
An elevator may be called to the fire floor, exposing cab occupants to the fire.
Reference standards for elevators include the following:
CBC Chapter 30
ASME 17.1 as referenced in CBC section 3001.2
CFC sections 607 and 907
NFPA 13, section 8.15.5
NFPA 72, Chapter 21
Because elevator hoistways are frequently rated shafts, the documentation and inspection
items indicated in 3.3.5.4 Shaft Enclosures on page 201 apply to elevator shafts as well. The
additional inspection items noted below specifically apply to elevators:
I.A. Elevators
I.A.1. Specified signage indicating usage of stairs in case of fire.
I.A.1.1. EXCEPTION: There are allowances to use elevators if they are
part of the accessible means of egress, such as in a building four
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I.A.2.
I.A.3.
I.A.4.
I.B. Elevator
I.B.1.
I.B.2.
I.B.3.
I.B.4.
or more stories above or below the level of exit discharge. Verify

requirements with the approved construction documents.
Elevator doorway and cab interior dimensions comply with requirements
(e.g. confirm sufficient room is provided for an ambulance gurney or
stretcher). Refer to 4.2.5 Elevators and Lifts on page 226 for additional
dimensional requirements.
Emergency recall operation per requirements.
I.A.3.1. Phase I (smoke detection)
I.A.3.2. Phase II (fire fighter operation)
Standby power per requirements (e.g. usually seen in elevators required
for accessible egress, fire service access, occupant evacuation elevators,
or high-rises). Refer to 5.4.1 Emergency and Standby Power Systems on
page 265 for additional documentation and inspection requirements.
I.A.4.1. Elevator Equipment
I.A.4.2. Elevator Room Ventilation and Cooling Equipment
I.A.4.3. Elevator Cooling Controller Equipment
Shafts
Elevator Shaft Rating
Continuity of Rating
I.B.2.1. Structural attachments for elevator guide rails typically penetrate
rated assemblies. Refer to approved construction documents for
rated penetration detail.
I.B.2.2. Where shown in approved plans, an enclosed elevator lobby is
provided as part of the elevator shaft enclosure.
I.B.2.2.1. Though there are many exceptions to this requirement
(see CBC 708.14.1), the approved construction
documents dictate requirements for the project.
I.B.2.2.2. Elevator doors:
I.B.2.2.2.1 Fire Rating
I.B.2.2.2.2 Smoke Rating
I.B.2.2.2.3 Draft Protection
I.B.2.2.2.4 The above elevator door requirements may not
be provided by the elevator door themselves;
some features may be provided by a rated
elevator lobby or additional smoke/draft rated
door immediately in front of the elevator doors.
Refer to the approved construction documents for
requirements.
Only utilities related to the elevator shall be allowed in the elevator shaft.
Automatic Fire Suppression Systems
I.B.4.1. Fire sprinkler placement in shaft and machine rooms, when
applicable.
I.B.4.1.1. Automatic power disconnect to elevator and machine
rooms prior to sprinkler activation.
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I.B.5. Fire alarm device placement, when applicable.
I.B.6. Signage per requirements in machine room indicating no combustible
storage allowed.
3.3.5.5 Penetrations of Assemblies
Each of the various types of penetrations through rated assemblies require specific methods of
protection that are addressed in the DSA approved documents. Information in the approved
construction documents typically reference a UL Through-Penetration Firestop System detail.
The purpose of these details is to maintain the integrity of the rated assembly for the duration
of the required fire-resistance rating despite being punctured by utilities and other penetrants
used in construction. Combustible penetrants will be found to have more restrictive
requirements than non-combustible penetrants. Note that penetrations may either go through
the entire assembly (through-penetration) or just through a portion of the assembly (membrane
penetration). In either case, in their final constructed state, they act to restrict the passage of
fire, hot gases, smoke, and, in some cases, heat.
The following applies to fire-rated assemblies:
requirements.
II.A. Appropriate product is used based on fire-rating and type of assembly (e.g. wall,
floor/roof/ceiling, etc.) per requirements.
II.A.1. Confirm penetration detail for each listed assembly for each subcontractor
work (one detail will not fit all situations).
II.A.1.1. Electrical/data penetrations using cable trays and wiring bundles
often require special penetration details verify per requirements.
II.A.2. Penetrant
II.A.2.1. Some penetrations may require a minimum spacing between
penetrants; verify with documents.
II.A.2.2. Penetrants are securely anchored on each side of the wall.
II.A.2.3. Penetrant material type matches the DSA approved detail (some
penetration details require a metal sleeve of a minimum length.)
II.A.2.4. Penetrant meets the rated assembly at the specified angle;
anything less compromises the assembly rating.
II.A.2.5. Penetrants at a seismic joint have movement capability on each
side of the wall while still maintaining secure fastening through
the rated assembly. (A protected annular space is often
specified.)
II.A.2.6. Duct penetrations have specified smoke/fire dampers.
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II.A.2.6.1. California State Fire Marshall labels are clearly visible.
II.A.2.6.2. Confirm proper installation of smoke/fire damper.
II.A.2.6.2.1 Orientation of damper with respect to air flow
(e.g. some devices may be put in upside down or
facing the wrong direction with respect to air-flow
and, thus, ineffective).
II.A.2.6.2.2 Dampers are securely attached.
II.A.2.6.2.3 Adequate access to be able to reset after a test
or fire event.
II.A.2.6.3. Though the CBC allows exceptions to providing
smoke/fire dampers (see CBC 716.5), the approved
construction documents dictate requirements.
Openings in rated assemblies, meaning fire door assemblies and fire window assemblies, are
designed and installed to maintain the integrity of the rated wall assembly that they are
associated with. The fire protection rating for an opening protective is generally less than the
required fire resistance of the wall since doors and windows do not usually have material/fuel
loading stored directly against them.
Although CBC Chapter 7 addresses many details regarding fire doors and fire windows, the
code refers to the following standard for additional installation information:
2007 NFPA 80 Fire Door and Other Opening Protectives
In order to make use of the information below, it is important to identify the type of assembly in
which an opening is placed to ensure that the proper label or installation or other inspection
related items are verified or carried out.
requirements.
II.A. Doors/Shutters
II.A.1. Fire Protective Rating Labeling
II.A.1.1. Complies with NFPA 80
II.A.1.2. Permanently affixed and not painted over.
II.A.1.3. Has the following information:
II.A.1.3.1. Manufacturer name or some other means to identify
manufacturer.
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II.A.1.3.2. Name or trademark of inspection agency issuing label.
II.A.1.3.3. Fire Protection Rating
II.A.1.3.4. Temperature rating (when applicable e.g. at exit
enclosures and exit passageways when automatic fire
sprinklers are not installed throughout the building).
II.A.1.4. Where fire exit hardware is part of the door, labeling indicates
such.
II.A.2. Fire doors are self-closing or automatic-closing per requirements.
II.A.2.1. Doors that are automatic-closing by smoke detection close within
the specified time delay.
II.A.3. Oversized doors
II.A.3.1. Either labels indicate door is oversized, or an inspection certificate
by a DSA approved inspector is provided. The inspection
certificate must indicate conformance to requirements for the
following:
II.A.3.1.1. Design
II.A.3.1.2. Material
II.A.3.1.3. Construction
II.A.3.1.4. No fire test was performed.
II.A.4. Doors in fire rated corridors and smoke barriers (also see 3.5.1
Fire/Smoke Protection of Means of Egress subsection II.A.2.1 Doors In
Corridors on page 213 for additional requirements):
II.A.4.1. Gaskets or seals around their perimeter.
II.A.4.2. Closers that properly close and latch the door.
II.A.4.3. Metal thresholds where noted per the approved construction
documents.
II.A.4.4. Louvers are not allowed in rated door assemblies in rated
corridors and/or smoke barriers.
II.A.4.4.1. EXCEPTION: Viewports less than the specified limits
and consisting of certain construction are acceptable.
II.A.4.5. Verify hardware is appropriate to the door rating per
requirements.
II.A.4.6. No miscellaneous holes, gaps or other imperfections or
adjustments that would nullify fire rating.
II.A.4.6.1. Metal doors cannot be cut to fit.
II.B. Frames
II.B.1. Fire Protective Rating Labeling
II.B.1.1. Labels permanently affixed and not painted over.
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II.B.2. No miscellaneous holes, gaps or other imperfections or adjustments that
would nullify fire rating.
II.B.2.1. Metal frames cannot be cut to fit.
II.B.3. .
II.C. Glazing in doors
II.C.1. Fire Protective Rating Labeling
II.C.2. Label for safety glazing in rated fire doors.
II.D. Windows/Shutters in rated walls
II.D.1. Fire Protective Rating Labeling
II.D.1.1. Labels for glazing should be readable and not obscured by the
window stops.
II.D.2. Label for safety glazing in fire protection rated glazing in fire window
assemblies in areas subject to human impact per requirements.
3.3.6 Fire Proofing of Structural Members

In order for a building to gain additional allowable area, height, and number of stories (see
CBC Table 503) a building must be built to a higher level of fire resistance. One way to achieve
this goal is through PASSIVE PROTECTION provided by fireproofing various building
elements in order to obtain a fire rating of one, two, or three hours. The elements that require
fire protection are the primary structural frame, the floor and secondary members, the roof and
secondary members, interior and exterior bearing walls, and interior and exterior non-bearing
walls.
Primary frame members of various types of materials achieve fire ratings through different
methodologies. Typically structural steel is protected with a spayed fire-resistant material
(SFRM), steel reinforcing with concrete, and wood can achieve a rating depending on its use
and thickness. The fire resistance rating requirements for these building elements are spelled
out in CBC Table 601 (see Table 3-3 on page 184).
requirements.
II.A. Required thickness and type of fire protection per requirements.
II.A.1. Required thickness may vary based on member classification being
restrained or unrestrained.
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II.A.2. Fireproofing is not damaged from weather intrusions or from mechanical
damage.
II.A.2.1. Fireproofing is not compromised by wall framing, wall backing,
furring, supports, or utility runs; the full thickness of protection is
continuous for the entire member length.
II.A.3. Where intumescent paint is used, verify there is sufficient room for the
paint to expand. (Intumescent paint typically expands 10x its original
volume and only performs to its specification when fully expanded.)
II.B. Primary structural columns and beams required to be protected have individual
encasement on all four sides their full length, including connections to other
members. (Primary structural frame elements are considered to be the columns
and the girders, beams, trusses and spandrels having direct connections to the
columns and all other members which are essential to the stability of the building
as a whole. See CBC 1102B.
II.C. Structural framing inside a rated wall is individually protected per requirements.
II.D. Secondary members are protected per requirements, when applicable.
3.3.7 Concealed Spaces

In combustible construction (e.g. wood, etc.), because concealed spaces provide avenues for
fire and hot gases to travel without building occupant awareness, proper installation of
fire/smoke/draft protection in these areas is crucial. Regardless of fire-rating, the following
information applies to the various concealed spaces often found in buildings with combustible
construction. See CBC 717.
requirements.
II.A. Fire/smoke/draft stop construction complies with requirements to block off
fire/smoke or hot gasses.
II.A.1. Walls
II.A.1.1. Fire blocking at specified locations:
II.A.1.2. Horizontal Spacing
II.A.1.2.1. At ceiling and floor levels.
II.A.1.3. Vertical Spacing
II.A.2. Floor/Roof/Ceiling
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II.A.2.1. Close off continuous space between wall (vertical) framing and
floor/roof framing (horizontal).
II.A.2.2. At concealed sleeper spaces above masonry or concrete firerated floors, fire blocking is provided.
II.A.2.2.1. No space beneath floor exceeds specified area limits.
II.A.2.2.2. Under permanent partitions fire blocking is provided per
requirements.
II.A.2.3. Draftstops are provided per requirements.
II.A.3. Architectural features (e.g. soffits, enclosed canopies, walkway covers,
etc.).
II.A.3.1. Fire blocking between exterior wall and end of architectural
feature per requirements.
II.A.4. In Type I or II construction, combustible construction is not permitted,
unless specifically shown in the approved construction documents (if
shown, it is usually based on the allowed exceptions in CBC 717.5).
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3.4 Hazardous Materials
Hazardous materials are considered unsafe to life and/or property because they are ignitable,
corrosive, reactive or toxic (for an explanation of commonly seen hazardous material signage,
see http://www.compliancesigns.com/nfpadiamonds.shtml). Such items may be found in any
state: solid, liquid, gas or dust, and can be in usable or waste condition. Buildings that
manufacture, process, generate, store or otherwise use hazardous materials in quantities that
exceed the maximum allowable per control area (defined as an area bounded by fire barriers,
horizontal assemblies, fire walls or exterior walls in any combination and as listed in CBC
Table 307.1(1)), constitute an above-average fuel load and are therefore considered Hoccupancies subject to the limitations spelled out in the CBC. Because there is a multitude of
different high-hazard operations state-wide, the code categorizes such facilities in terms of
their degree of hazard rather than define them in terms of their function.
Hazardous materials in excess amounts are generally required to be located along an exterior
wall to help facilitate fire-fighting operations and venting of the products of combustion. In
some cases they may need to be located in a detached building set away from other buildings
and/or property lines a minimum distance, depending on their hazard level. Hazardous
materials and electrical sparking could be a dangerous combination and may be need to be
separated. Note that the potential hazard of adjacent incompatible materials (materials that
when mixed have the potential to react in a manner that generates heat, fumes, gases or
byproducts which are hazardous to life or property) is not addressed in the CBC and requires
expert advice for resolution during the design phase.
The code allows for some factors that can mitigate the hazard of a material. Such mitigations
can include the following (this is not an exhaustive list):
Size of a hazardous material container.
Whether the material is part of an open or closed system.
How material is packaged.
How and in what configuration material is stored.
Whether the material is stored in a hazardous material storage cabinet or concealed
space.
Whether there is sufficient ventilation to prevent hazardous concentrations.
Whether there is an emergency or stand-by power system.
Whether an hazardous activity occurs inside or outside.
Whether the building is fire sprinklered.
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In any case, these issues are required to be resolved in the design phase and their solutions
via the use of PASSIVE and ACTIVE fire control systems shall be indicated on the DSA
approved documents. Testing and inspection for each passive and active system shall be
carried out as discussed elsewhere in this document.
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3.5 Means of Egress
This section addresses the safe exiting system for a building. The general principles on which
means of egress are based are:
1. The egress system will provide occupants alternative paths of travel to a place of safety
to avoid a fire.
2. The system will shelter occupants from fire and the products of combustion.
3. The system will accommodate all occupants of a structure.
4. The egress system shall be clear, unobstructed, well-marked and illuminated so that the
user can exit without requiring any tools, keys, special knowledge or effort.
3.5.1 Fire/Smoke Protection of Means of Egress

Proper protection from smoke and fire for occupants within the means of egress system is
crucial. Life safety from fire is a matter of successfully evacuating the occupants of a building
to a place of safety; thus, it is a function of time: time for detection, time for notification, and
time for egress. A properly designed egress system provides all of the above. Once in a safe
egress system the exit pathway must maintain its fire-safe integrity to the point of the exit
discharge.

requirements.
II.A. Corridors
II.A.1. Corridor rating and construction per requirements.
II.A.1.1. Walls (See 3.3.5.1 Walls on page 197 for additional information.)
II.A.1.1.1. The rated envelope should be continuous to the exit.
II.A.1.1.1.1 If corridor is a rated tunnel construction,
horizontal rated assembly is constructed per
requirements.
II.A.1.1.2. Utility penetrations through rated corridor walls per
requirements. (See also 3.3.5.5 Penetrations of
Assemblies on page 204.)
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II.A.1.1.2.1 Check especially all penetrations above the
corridor ceiling if the rated corridor walls extend
up to the deck.
II.A.2. Corridor width matches approved documents.
II.A.2.1. Doors In Corridors
II.A.2.1.1. Door swings do not encroach more than the specified
limit into the minimum required width of the corridor
(construction drawings should indicate the minimum
required width).
II.A.2.1.1.1 Exit doors provide the specified minimum clear
exit width measured between the face of the door
at the 90 open position and the face of the door
stop.
II.A.2.1.2. Panic hardware is typically required for corridor exit
doors verify with approved construction documents.
II.A.2.1.2.1 Where noted on approved plans, classroom door
hardware provides locking ability from the inside
(see BU 11-05 and Security vs. Exiting: Door
Locking Hardware in Schools).
II.A.2.1.3. Door swing does not compromise the direction of exiting.
II.A.2.1.4. Check doors, lites in doors, frames and hardware
provided are constructed, labeled and installed properly
(see 3.3.5.6 Openings in Rated Assemblies (Opening
Protectives) on page 205 for additional requirements).
II.A.2.1.5. Exit doors are clearly distinguishable from the adjacent
construction.
II.A.3. Window frames and glazing in corridor walls are constructed, labeled and
installed per the documents (see 3.3.5.6 Openings in Rated Assemblies
(Opening Protectives) on page 205 for additional requirements).
II.A.4. Emergency Lighting
II.A.4.1. Emergency artificial lighting for the corridor is supplemented with
battery packs or other emergency power systems.
II.A.4.2. Lighted exit lights, both high and low-level, are clearly visible per
their listing.
II.A.5. Fire alarm devices in the corridor per requirements. See also 3.3.1
Fire/Smoke Alarms on page 185.
II.A.6. Fire sprinkler devices in the corridor per requirements. See also 3.3.2
Automatic Fire Suppression Systems on page 187.
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II.A.7. Fire extinguishers in corridor per requirements.
II.B. Exits
II.B.1. Exit doors are provided per requirements.
II.B.1.1. Number of exit doors for each room per requirements.
II.B.1.2. Distance between multiple exit doors for a given room or space
per requirements.
II.B.1.3. Panic hardware, when applicable (see 4.2.6 Doors and Hardware
on page 227 for additional information).
II.B.1.4. Tactile exit sign (see 4.2.1 Signage on page 224 for additional
information).
II.B.1.5. Lighted Exit Sign
II.B.2. Exit doors provide the specified minimum clear exit width measured
between the face of the door at the 90 open position and the face of the
door stop.
II.B.3. Exit door leafs are not wider than specified in the approved construction
documents.
II.B.4. Exterior exit doors located in a rated exterior wall are properly rated and
labeled (see 3.3.5.6 Openings in Rated Assemblies (Opening Protectives)
on page 205 for additional requirements).
II.C. Stairways, ramps and upper floor exitways
II.C.1. For accessible features of stairs and ramps, see the appropriate sections
in 4 ACCESS COMPLIANCE INSPECTION ITEMS beginning on page
216.
II.C.2. Exit stairways are given construction priority for installation.
II.C.3. The exit loading for stairs, ramps and upper floor exitways is determined
by the cumulative load for the rooms they serve. Verify the minimum width
required is provided as shown on the approved construction documents.
II.C.4. Stair rise-to-run ratio, especially where the top or bottom of an exterior
stair meets a sloping public way, walkway or driveway.
II.C.4.1. Exterior steps are sloped to not accumulate standing rain water.
II.C.5. Handrails and Guardrails
II.C.5.1. Handrail and guardrail heights per requirements.
II.C.5.2. Ramp handrails do not each encroach more than the specified
limits into the required exit width
II.C.5.3. Stair handrails are provided within the specified distance of the
required exit width.
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II.C.6. Confirm exterior stairs and ramps have no possibility of storage
underneath unless the space is enclosed with fire rated construction
indicated in the approved drawings.
II.C.6.1. If enclosed space is provided under an enclosed stair verify it is
fire rated per requirements and that access to the space is not
directly from within the stair enclosure.
II.C.7. If exterior stairs, ramps and upper floor exitways are of combustible
construction, fire sprinklers are provided per requirements; see 3.3.2
Automatic Fire Suppression Systems on page 187.
II.C.8. In combustible construction verify fire blocking is provided in concealed
spaces per requirements.
II.C.9. Areas of refuge are provided where required by the approved construction
documents.
II.C.10. Egress illumination extends fully through the exit discharge.
II.C.10.1. Verify required luminosity is achieved at walking surfaces (see
IR 10-1).
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4 ACCESS COMPLIANCE INSPECTION ITEMS
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ACCESS COMPLIANCE INSPECTION ITEMS

Due to the nature of the accessibility inspection items, there are no requirements for receipt of
documentation beyond the approved construction documents. Therefore, the items listed
below are strictly inspection items that are to be verified for compliance with the approved
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Figure 4-1: Path Of Travel at Site Missing Items
4.1 Site
I.A. Location
I.A.1. An accessible route of travel between all buildings and accessible site
facilities, including parking serving (see Figure 4-1):
I.A.1.1. Area of new work
I.A.1.2. Public right-of-way.
I.B. Key features of an accessible path of travel (POT):
I.B.1. Dimensions
I.B.1.1. Slope/cross-slopes
I.B.1.2. Level changes leading to additional accessible features (e.g.
ramps, stairs, etc.).
I.B.1.3. Maintenance of specified clear width and height
I.B.1.3.1. Projections into path
I.B.1.3.1.1 Overhanging obstructions
I.B.1.4. Warning Curbs
I.B.2. Surfaces
I.B.2.1. Materials on and along POT.
I.B.3. Tactile Requirements
I.B.3.1. Tactile indicators along POT.
I.B.4. Visual Requirements
I.B.4.1. Visual indicators along POT.
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I.C. Civil Engineering work related to accessibility.
4.1.1 Parking
I.A. Location
I.A.1. Location and layout of accessible parking on the site
I.A.2. Number of accessible spaces per lot for multiple lots.
I.A.3. POT connection for:
I.A.3.1. Ramps at accessible spaces.
I.A.3.2. Passenger or Bus Loading zones.
I.A.3.2.1. Verify drop-off/pick-up areas do not encroach into fire
lane (see 3.1 Site Issues subsection II.A.4.1 on page
179 for additional information).
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Parking Spaces
I.B.2. Access Aisles
I.B.3. Paint and required markings.
I.B.4. Vertical clearance at parking spaces.
I.B.5. Parking Structures
I.B.5.1. Special dimensions and clearance requirements per approved
I.C. Visual Requirements
I.C.1. Paint and required markings.
I.C.2. Signage at each type of space.
I.C.3. Tow-away sign at lot entrances.
I.D. Special equipment, where occurs per requirements:
I.D.1. Parking lot ticket dispensers.
I.D.2. Electric vehicle charging station.
4.1.2 Signage
I.A. Location
I.A.1. "Tow-away" sign(s) at parking lot
entrance(s).
I.A.2. At accessible parking spaces (see
Figure 4-2).
I.A.2.1. Van Signs
I.A.2.2. International symbol of
accessibility (ISA) at
accessible spaces.
Figure 4-2: Example Parking Signage
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I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Sign size
I.B.2. Height
I.B.3. Text Dimensions
I.C.1. Text of "Tow-away" sign(s) at parking lot entrance(s).
I.D. When specified in approved construction documents, verify directional signs.
4.1.3 Walks
I.A. Location
I.A.1. See 4.1 Site on page 218 for location information.
I.A.2. Edge protection if sloping adjacent grade occurs.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Walk/POT Width
I.B.2. Distance between landings on sloping walks.
I.B.3. Passing Spaces
I.B.4. Slope/cross-slope
I.B.4.1. At door and gate landings.
I.B.5. Warning Curbs
I.C. Surfaces
I.C.1. Texture and slipresistance, including at
level changes.
I.C.2. Transition of new walk to
existing walk.
I.C.3. Drainage gratings (see
Figure 4-3)
I.C.3.1. Locations
I.C.3.2. Type
I.C.3.3. Opening
size/orientation.
I.D. Tactile Requirements
Figure 4-3: Incorrect Grating Type
I.D.1. Tactile indicators along
POT.
I.E. Visual Requirements
I.E.1. Visual indicators along POT.
I.F. Civil Engineering work related to accessibility.
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4.1.4 Curb Ramps
I.A. Location
I.A.1. See 4.1 Site on page 218 for location information.
I.A.2. Crossings at vehicular ways.
I.A.3. Configuration (see Figure 4-4).
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Landings at top and bottom.
I.B.2. Slope
I.C. Surfaces
I.C.1. Border Grooves
I.C.2. Detectable Warnings
I.C.3. Slip-resistance
I.D. Visual Requirements
I.D.1. Finish/contrast versus adjacent sidewalk.
Figure 4-4: Curb Ramp Examples
4.1.5 Ramps and Landings

I.A. Location
I.A.1. New and existing ramps on accessible POT.
I.A.2. Landings
I.A.2.1. Top
I.A.2.2. Bottom
I.A.2.3. Intermediate
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I.A.2.3.1. Between level landings.
I.A.2.3.2. Change of direction
I.A.2.4. At door or gate.
I.A.3. Guards, if required.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Slope/cross-slope of ramp and landings.
I.B.1.1. Sloped to prevent standing water.
I.B.2. Ramp
I.B.2.1. Slope/cross-slope
I.B.2.1.1. Sloped to prevent standing water.
I.B.2.2. Length
I.B.2.3. Width
I.B.3. Landings (top/bottom/intermediate)
I.B.3.1.1. Sloped to prevent standing water.
I.B.3.2. Length
I.B.3.3. Width
I.B.3.4. Distance between level landings.
I.B.4. Handrails
I.B.4.1. Handrail Location
I.B.4.2. Handrail Extensions
I.B.5. Guide Curb or Rails
I.C. Surfaces
I.C.1. Surfaces behind handrails per requirements.
4.1.6 Stairs and Landings

I.A. Location
I.A.1. New stairs/stairways, existing modified stairs/stairways.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Stair/stairway width.
I.B.2. Treads
I.B.2.1. Markings for the visually-impaired.
I.B.3. Risers
I.B.4. Landings
I.B.5. Handrails
I.C. Surfaces
I.C.1.1. Treads
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I.C.1.2. Landings
I.C.2. Surfaces behind handrails per
requirements.
I.D.1. Markings for the visuallyimpaired.
4.1.7 Gates
I.A. Location
I.A.1. Configuration
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Strike-side clearance.
I.B.2. Push-side clearances.
I.B.3. Level landings
I.B.3.1. Width
I.B.3.2. Depth
I.B.4. Hardware (see Figure 4-5).
I.C. Gate Construction
Figure 4-5: Gates
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4.2 Building
I.A. Location on site.
I.B. Proximity to accessible features.
4.2.1 Signage
I.A. Locations
I.A.1. ISA
I.A.2. Room Identification Signs
I.A.3. Tactile Exit Signs
I.A.4. Elevator or platform lift identification,
way-finding
I.A.5. Stairway Signage
I.A.5.1. Directional Signage (see
Figure 4-6).
I.A.6. Area of refuge
I.A.7. Building directory
I.A.8. Text Telephone (if applicable).
I.A.9. Signage at special-use areas
I.A.9.1. Assistive Listening Systems
I.A.9.2. Restroom Doors (see Figure
4-7).
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Mounting height
I.B.1.1. Room Identification Signs
I.B.1.2. Tactile Exit Signs
I.C.1. Type/font
I.C.1.1. Size
I.C.1.2. Style
I.C.1.3. Raised Text
I.C.1.4. Color contrast
I.C.1.5. Texture of sign
I.D. Tactile Requirements
I.D.1. Corresponding braille text for visual
signs.
Figure 4-6: Example of Stair and

Directional Signage
Figure 4-7: Example of Restroom Signage
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4.2.2 Hallways, Corridors, Vestibules
I.A. Location
I.A.1. POT to area of new work.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Widths of:
I.B.1.1. Halls
I.B.1.2. Corridors
I.B.1.3. Exit Balconies
I.B.2. Passing spaces (if required) at long halls/corridors.
I.B.3. Maneuvering clearances at
I.B.3.1. Turns
I.B.3.2. Switchbacks
I.B.3.3. Doors
I.B.3.3.1. Door swing clearances at vestibules.
I.B.3.4. Gates
I.C. Guards at balconies and other required areas.
4.2.3 Ramps and Landings

I.A. Location
I.A.1. New and existing ramps on accessible path of travel.
I.A.2. Landings
I.A.2.1. Top
I.A.2.2. Bottom
I.A.2.3. Intermediate
I.A.2.3.1. Between level landings.
I.A.2.3.2. Change of direction
I.A.2.4. At door or gate.
I.A.3. Guards, if required.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Ramp
I.B.1.2. Length
I.B.1.3. Width
I.B.2. Landings (top/bottom/intermediate)
I.B.2.2. Length
I.B.2.3. Width
I.B.2.4. Distance between level landings.
I.B.3. Handrails
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I.B.4. Guide Curb or Rails
I.C. Surfaces
I.C.1. Surfaces behind handrails per requirements.
4.2.4 Stairs and Landings

I.A. Location
I.A.1. New stairs/stairways, existing modified stairs/stairways.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Stair/stairway width.
I.B.2. Treads
I.B.2.1. Markings for the visually-impaired.
I.B.3. Risers
I.B.4. Landings
I.B.5. Handrails
I.C. Surfaces
I.C.1.1. Treads
I.C.1.2. Landings
I.C.2. Surfaces behind handrails per
requirements.
I.D.1. Markings for the visually-impaired.
4.2.5 Elevators and Lifts

I.A. Location:
I.A.1. Passenger/Freight Elevators
I.A.2. Hall lantern fixtures.
I.A.3. Door jamb markings.
I.B. Emergency Features
I.B.1. Emergency operation
I.B.2. Intercom System
I.B.3. Signaling Devices
I.B.4. Door re-opening sensors.
Figure 4-8: Elevator In-Car Controls
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I.C. Dimensions
I.C.1. Height of centerline of hall call buttons in elevator lobby or hall.
I.C.2. Clear Opening Width
I.C.3. Interior Of Cab
I.C.3.1. Handrail type and location.
I.C.4. In-car controls (see Figure 4-8).
I.C.4.1. Configuration
I.C.4.2. Identification
I.D. Surfaces
I.D.1. Surfaces behind handrails per requirements.
I.E. Visual Requirements
I.E.1. In-car controls
I.E.1.1. Button style and dimensions.
I.F. Tactile Requirements
I.F.1. In-car controls
I.F.1.1. Braille text for buttons.
4.2.6 Doors and Hardware

I.A. Location
I.A.1. All Doors
I.A.1.1. Main Entry
I.A.1.2. Passage Doors
I.A.1.3. Single or double leaf.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Width
I.B.1.1. Clear Opening
I.B.2. Height
I.B.3. Clearances at:
I.B.3.1. Strike-side
I.B.3.2. Push-side
I.B.3.3. Approach
I.B.4. Threshold
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I.B.5. Hardware Mounting Height
Figure 4-9: Door Handles
I.C. Hardware
I.C.1. Hardware Group
I.C.2. Type of hardware (see Figure 4-9).
I.D. Additional door/door related features
I.D.1. Operational Effort
I.D.1.1. Maximum effort to operate door(s).
I.D.2. Closer
I.D.3. Kick Plate
I.D.4. Anchorage of doormats, grills, and carpets.
I.D.5. Automatic doors
I.D.5.1. Fire Doors
I.D.6. Locations/types of:
I.D.6.1. Door Stops
I.D.6.2. Hold-Open Devices
4.2.7 Plumbing Fixtures

I.A. Dimensions
I.A.1. Counter height and knee clearance at sink(s) (refer to 4.2.8 Cabinets and
Counters on page 229 for additional requirements)
I.A.2. Clear floor space for approach and use.
I.B. Operational Effort
I.B.1. Fixture operating force required.
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4.2.7.1 Drinking Fountains
I.A. Location
I.A.1. High-Low combination
I.A.2. Number of drinking fountains.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Approach and clear space for use (see Figure 4-11 and Figure 4-10).
I.B.2. Alcove or space at wing walls (see Figure 4-11).
Figure 4-11: Drinking Fountains
I.B.3.
I.B.4.
I.B.5.
I.B.6.
Figure 4-10: "Convenience" Drinking Fountain Causing

Accessibility Violations
I.B.2.1. Width
I.B.2.2. Depth
Height of bubbler.
Clear height of:
I.B.4.1. Knee space
I.B.4.2. Toe space.
Location of bubbler on unit.
I.B.5.1. Water flow height.
Alternate dimensions for children, if applicable.
4.2.8 Cabinets and Counters

I.A. Location
I.A.1. Clear access at employee work areas and work stations.
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I.A.2. Accessibility at storage cabinets and built-in equipment (see Figure 4-12).
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Countertop (accessible knee space)
I.B.1.1. Height
I.B.1.1.1. Maximum height at customer
side.
I.B.1.2. Depth
I.B.1.3. Width
I.B.1.3.1. Minimum width of circulation
space(s) at casework).
I.B.1.4. Minimum counter length.
I.B.1.5. Clearance at theft protection barriers.
I.C.1. ISA at locations, if required.
4.2.9 Alarms and Fire Extinguishers

Figure 4-12: Example Accessible
Lab Equipment

I.A. Location
I.A.1. Coordinate with Fire/Life Safety requirements (refer to 3.3.1 Fire/Smoke
Alarms on page 185 and 3.3.3 Other Extinguishing Systems on page 194).
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Front/parallel approach to alarm initiating device, on accessible route.
I.B.2. Height of:
I.B.2.1. Mounting of:
I.B.2.1.1. Audible Devices
I.B.2.1.2. Visual Devices (see Figure 4-13)
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Figure 4-13: Example of Visual Fire Alarm
I.B.2.2. Extinguisher Handle

I.B.2.3. Cabinet Handle
I.C. Operational Effort
I.C.1. Force required to initiate alarm device.
I.D.1. Visual Devices
4.2.10 Public Telephones

I.A. Location
I.A.1. Number and location of pay or closed-circuit telephones.
I.A.2. Location of telephone book, if provided.
I.A.3. Location of signage for accessible phones.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Access path and clear space at accessible telephones.
I.B.2. Knee Clearances
I.B.3. Height of operable parts.
I.B.3.1. Shelf Height
I.B.4. Cord length.
I.C.1. Location of signage for accessible phones.
I.D. Volume control provided or text telephones.
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4.2.11 Restrooms
I.A. Location
I.A.1. Clear path of travel to accessible fixtures.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Clear Entry Width
I.C.1. Room Identification Signage
I.C.2. Door Symbols
4.2.11.1 Water Closet and Water Closet Compartments
I.A. Dimensions
I.A.1. Compartment door required clear space side or end entry.
Figure 4-14: Example Measurement of Maneuvering Clearances
I.A.2.
I.A.3.
I.A.4.
I.A.5.
I.A.6.
Clear maneuvering space within compartment (see Figure 4-14).

Location of flush valve.
Height if toilet seat.
Dimension to centerline of fixture from adjacent wall (see Figure 4-15).
Ambulatory accessible stall requirements.
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I.B. Compartment door hardware.
Figure 4-15: Example Measurement of Water Closet Centerline From

Adjacent Wall
4.2.11.2 Grab Bars

I.A. Location within stall relative to toilet.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Length
I.B.2. Diameter
I.B.3. Space from wall.
I.B.4. Mounting height (by user group).
I.B.5. Position relative to toilet.
4.2.11.3 Accessories
I.A. Location
I.A.1. Location and mounting heights of dispensers/disposal units.
I.A.2. Allowable types of dispensers/disposal units.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Maximum projection of dispensers and equipment.
I.B.2. Heights of operable parts of accessories.
I.B.3. Mounting heights of mirrors.
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4.2.11.4 Lavatories
I.A. Location
I.A.1. Total Number
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Height of:
I.B.1.1. Mounting
I.B.1.2. Rim Height (see Figure
4-16).
I.B.2. Centering from wall (see Figure
4-17).
I.B.3. Knee Clearances
I.B.4. Clear floor space for approach
and use.
I.C. Insulation/protection under lavatories.
Figure 4-16: Example Measurement of Lavatory

Rim Height
Figure 4-17: Example Measurement of Lavatory Centerline

From Adjacent Wall
4.2.11.5 Urinals
I.A. Location
I.A.1. Number and location of accessible urinals.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Clear floor space for approach and use.
I.B.2. Height of:
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I.B.2.1. Mounting
I.B.2.2. Rim
I.B.2.3. Flush Controls (if applicable).
I.B.3. Projection from wall.
I.B.4. Clearance if located in alcove.
4.2.11.6 Showers and Locker Areas
I.A. Location
I.A.1. Number and location of accessible showers.
I.A.2. Bench near accessible locker.
I.B. Dimensions
I.B.1. Based on specific type of shower unit.
I.B.2. Height of:
I.B.2.1. Mounting of controls.
I.B.2.2. Hand-held sprayer/hose.
I.B.2.3. Grab Bars
I.B.2.4. Seat
I.B.2.5. Soap Dish
I.B.2.6. Threshold, if applicable.
I.B.3. Maximum Floor Slope
I.B.4. Accessible mirror
I.B.5. Bench near accessible locker (see
Figure 4-18)
I.B.5.1. Locker clear space.
I.C. Accessible hardware at locker
Figure
I.D.1. Locker with ISA on door.
4-18: Various Accessible

Locker Types
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5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS
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OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS

Besides a structural frame with architectural components and ACTIVE PROTECTION fire/life
safety systems, buildings also include various other elements that contribute to the whole:
mechanical, plumbing, gas, and electrical systems including signal systems such as data,
communication and security. All of these must integrate within the framework of the building in
a way that does not compromise its overall fire/life safety.
Because mechanical, plumbing, gas, electrical, and signal drawings tend to be diagrammatic in
nature, the actual installed work may not resemble the DSA approved layout drawings.
Changes in layout due to unexpected structural obstructions and other utility impediments may
compromise the effective layout of fire alarm and fire sprinkler systems. Furthermore, these
same layout changes may inadvertently encroach into rated assemblies or other required clear
spaces (see Figure 5-1). Such changes to design during the construction phase must be
properly documented and received DSA review and approval before installation. Once all of
these systems components are in place, walking along the routes for each utility can facilitate
identification of the potential problems noted.
Figure 5-1: Improper Piping Location at AC Switch
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The following information is applicable to all mechanical, plumbing, gas, electrical, signal and
similar systems.
requirements.
I.B. Shop Drawings:
I.B.1. Receipt of design professional approved shop drawings.
I.C. Materials/Test Documentation:
I.C.1. Submittal to design professional of all required samples, documentation,
etc. for review, testing, evaluation, and approval.
I.C.2. The vendor or supplier submits certificates, affidavits or other
documentation.
I.C.2.1. Verify source of certification.
I.C.3. All materials are identifiable by an appropriate means, such as one or more
of the following:
I.C.3.1. Tags
I.C.3.2. Markings
I.C.3.3. Stamps
I.C.4. Materials identified conform to specified requirements, such as the
following, as applicable:
I.C.4.1. Type
I.C.4.2. Size
I.C.4.3. Material
I.C.4.4. Gauge
I.C.4.5. Weight
I.C.4.6. Grade
I.C.4.7. Treatment
I.C.4.8. Finish
I.C.4.8.1. Pattern
I.C.4.8.2. Color
I.C.5. Extent and schedule of required testing and third-party inspection services
understood.
I.C.5.1. Laboratory tests, reports, off-site inspections, etc. have been
performed as required and are evidenced before the installation.
I.C.5.2. Third-Party Inspection Documentation:
I.C.5.2.1. Verify qualifications for those performing inspections.
I.C.5.2.1.1 Testing and Inspection Laboratory
I.C.5.2.1.2 Engineers
I.C.5.2.1.3 Agencies
I.C.5.2.1.4 Manufacturers' Representatives
I.C.5.2.1.5 Others
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I.C.6. For additional testing requirements, some of which may require
documentation, refer to the subsection Testing in each of the sections
listed below (usually located near the end of the section):
I.C.6.1. 5.1 Mechanical on page 241.
I.C.6.2. 5.2 Plumbing (Including Wet-Side Mechanical) on page 250.
I.C.6.3. 5.3 Gas on page 255.
I.C.6.4. 5.4 Electrical on page 257.
I.C.6.5. 5.5 Signal on page 267.
I.D. Collect, review, and file all copies of tests, certificates, reports, delivery tags, etc.,
issued by on-site and off-site parties, agencies, and inspectors.
II.A. Prior To Installation
II.A.1. All materials (equipment and items) delivered to site (or to approved offsite location) are inspected for damage in transit.
II.A.1.1. All accessories, parts, and items required and approved are
available for use before material is installed.
II.A.1.2. Approved samples are on-site or evidenced before installation as
specified.
II.A.2. Materials are adequately stored and protected.
II.A.3. Containers are properly labeled, sealed, and unopened.
II.A.4. Materials are new unless otherwise specified.
II.B. During Installation
II.B.1. Work is inspected during installation in a timely manner so that
deficiencies of materials or methods can be readily identified and
corrected.
II.B.1.1. The architect and consultants are notified before phases of work
are closed up as required or instructed.
II.B.1.2. Changes to work due to field conditions are recorded.
II.B.2. Existing and adjacent work connections and tie-in are suitably performed
as specified.
II.B.2.1. Allow no unscheduled (i.e. not detailed on approved plans)
cutting, boring, notching or other alteration of structural members
or connections.
II.B.2.1.1. Ensure those special provisions for pipes passing
through or parallel to footings are met as required.
(Refer to 2.1.1.3 Underground Utilities on page 50 for
additional information.)
II.B.2.2. Surfaces to receive materials are acceptable and satisfactory as
required.
II.B.2.2.1. Adequate protection is provided for adjacent surfaces
before, during and after installation.
II.B.2.3. Climatic and temperature conditions are suitable and as required
before, during, and after installation.
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II.B.2.3.1. Adequate lighting and other working conditions are
provided so that proper workmanship can be performed.
II.B.3. Local or state agency code inspections (e.g. health department, public
works, Cal-OSHA) have been performed as required. Accompany local
code inspector.
II.B.3.1. Observe tests and inspections performed in the field.
II.C. Post-Installation
II.C.1. Work installed is cleaned and adjacent work is protected if required during
cleaning.
II.C.1.1. Work areas are cleaned periodically before installation, where
required.
II.C.1.2. At completion of phases as required, debris is removed
periodically and not piled so as to cause damage.
II.C.2. Installed work is properly protected.
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5.1 Mechanical
The following applies to all mechanical systems.
I.A. Condition of using building equipment for temporary heat is understood and/or
approved.
I.B. Heat Generation/Emitting Equipment
I.B.1. Location
I.B.2. Expansion joints are provided and guided.
I.B.3. Expansion Tanks
I.B.3.1. Anchorage (refer to 2.5.1 Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing
Equipment on page 159 for additional information, where
applicable).
I.B.3.2. Provided with accessories and drain.
I.B.4. Piping (see 5.2 Plumbing (Including Wet-Side Mechanical) on page 250
and I.D Piping below on page 243 for additional information).
I.B.4.1. Shutoff for fuel and water are provided.
I.B.4.2. Valves are provided to shut down sections of system if required.
I.B.4.2.1. Valves are labeled if required.
I.B.4.2.2. Safety and relief valves are provided and set to the
specified pounds per square inch gauge or gauge
pressure (psig).
I.B.4.2.3. Discharges are piped to drains.
I.B.5. Oil Storage Tank
applicable).
I.B.5.2. Approved standard tank capacity and calibration.
I.B.5.3. Required Openings
I.B.5.4. Minimum cover and/or clearance.
I.B.5.5. Tank heaters, if required, and coatings.
I.B.6. Boilers
applicable).
I.B.6.2. Pressure boilers conform with or are identified with ASME code.
I.B.6.3. Bases or refractory bases are provided as required.
I.B.6.4. Expansion joint in floor around boiler.
I.B.6.5. Oil burning equipment
I.B.6.5.1. Size of burner tips.
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I.B.6.5.2. Location of electrodes.
I.B.6.5.3. Position of gas or oil pilot.
I.B.6.5.4. Clearances for removal of burner from furnace.
I.B.6.6. Gas burners
I.B.6.6.1. Approved standard position of pilot flame and sensing
element.
I.B.6.6.2. Regulators and controls provided.
I.B.6.6.3. Regulator installed in a vertical position.
I.B.6.6.4. Gas vents piped to exterior.
I.B.7. Forced draft fans
applicable).
I.B.7.2. Alignment and Rotation
I.B.7.3. Accessibility for lubrication.
I.B.7.4. Damper operation as required.
I.B.7.5. Insulation Application
I.B.7.6. Safety control interlocks and airflow switches.
I.B.8. Furnaces
I.B.8.1. Adequate space for maintenance, operation, repair, and servicing
of equipment.
I.B.8.1.1. Clearances to all equipment electric panels are adequate.
applicable).
I.B.8.3. Fire-resistive surfaces and spacing are provided as specified.
I.B.8.4. Combustion air provisions are made as specified.
I.B.9. Combustion air systems are provided when applicable.
I.B.9.1. Breaching and Flues
I.B.9.1.1. Material
I.B.9.1.2. Construction
I.B.9.1.3. Type
I.B.10. Terminal Units
I.B.10.1. Heating and Ventilating Units
I.B.10.1.1. Location and layout is coordinated.
I.B.10.1.2. Anchorage (refer to 2.5.1
Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing Equipment on page 159
for additional information, where applicable).
I.B.10.1.3. Vibration isolators, per requirements.
I.B.10.1.4. Access doors are provided and are tight.
I.B.10.1.5. Flexible pipe connectors are provided per requirements.
I.B.10.1.6. Controls are provided per requirements.
I.B.10.2. Unit Heaters
I.B.10.2.1. Location
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I.B.10.2.2. Clearances
I.B.10.2.3. Noise level is within specified range.
I.B.10.2.4. Adequate air distribution is provided.
I.B.10.2.5. Controls
I.B.10.3. Base Board Units
I.B.10.3.2. Type
I.B.10.3.3. Size
I.B.10.3.4. Mounting
I.B.10.3.5. Controls
I.B.10.3.6. Covers, access doors, dampers, and end plates are
provided to extent required.
I.C. Refrigeration
I.C.1. Adequate space for maintenance, operation, repair, and servicing of
equipment.
I.C.1.1. Clearances to all equipment electric panels are adequate.
I.C.2. Anchorage (refer to 2.5.1 Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing Equipment on
page 159 for additional information, where applicable).
I.C.3. All rotating parts, belts, etc., have guards or other appropriate protection.
I.C.4. Fire separation from fuel-fired equipment is provided, if required.
I.C.5. Freeze protection devices and materials are provided if required.
I.D. Piping (see 5.2 Plumbing (Including Wet-Side Mechanical) on page 250 for
I.D.1. Air vents are installed at high points and drains installed at low points as
required in water lines.
I.D.2. Vapor barriers, adhesives, and sealants are noncombustible where
specified.
I.D.3. Insulation for flanges, fittings, and valves per requirements.
I.D.4. Cooling coil condensate drains with trap seals per requirements.
I.E. Equipment
I.E.1. Adequate space for maintenance, operation, repair, and servicing of
equipment.
I.E.1.1. Clearances to all equipment electric panels are adequate.
I.E.2. Anchorage (refer to 2.5.1 Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing Equipment on
I.E.3. Condensers
I.E.3.1. Air-Cooled
I.E.3.1.1. Airflow is not obstructed.
I.E.3.1.2. Wind deflectors per requirements.
I.E.3.2. Water-Cooled
I.E.3.2.1. Confirm proper flow is provided.
I.E.3.2.2. No leaks occur.
I.E.3.3. Evaporative Condenser
I.E.3.3.1. Confirm proper spray coverage.
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I.E.3.3.2. Quiet Float Valve
I.E.3.3.3. Water Level
I.E.4. Compressors
I.E.4.1. Reciprocating Compressor
I.E.4.1.1. Shaft alignment on direct drive.
I.E.4.1.2. Suction and discharge pressures.
I.E.4.1.3. Gauges
I.E.4.1.4. Motor amperage under maximum load.
I.E.4.1.5. Cylinder Overheating
I.E.4.2. Centrifugal Compressor
I.E.4.2.1. Alignment of unit, drive, and gear box.
I.E.4.2.2. Noise within specified range.
I.E.4.2.3. Vibration within specified range.
I.E.4.2.4. Gauges
I.E.5. Receivers
I.E.5.1. Located out of direct sunlight when outside of building.
I.E.5.2. Relief valve size and proper discharging to atmosphere.
I.E.5.3. Drain
I.E.5.4. Purge Valve
I.E.5.5. Liquid Level Indicator
I.E.5.6. Shutoff Valve
I.E.5.7. Items required to be piped to exterior do so.
I.E.6. Cooling Towers
I.E.6.1. Mist Eliminators
I.E.6.2. Overflow and drain piping per requirements.
I.E.6.3. Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower
I.E.6.3.1. Unobstructed air intake is provided.
I.E.6.3.2. Fan rotation and speed.
I.E.6.3.3. Belt Tension
I.E.6.3.4. Weather protection is provided for motor per
requirements.
I.E.7. Pumps
I.E.7.1. Supported to be free of excess vibration per requirements.
I.E.7.2. Support of surrounding piping.
I.E.7.3. Gauges
I.E.7.4. Motors
I.F. Air Handling Units and Fans
I.F.1. Adequate space for maintenance, operation, repair, and servicing of
equipment.
I.F.1.1. Clearances to all equipment electric panels are adequate.
I.F.2. Anchorage (refer to 2.5.1 Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing Equipment on
I.F.3. Confirm fan rotation direction prior to power being connected.
I.F.4. Belt Driven Method
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I.F.4.1. Means of belt adjustment.
I.F.4.2. Pulley and belt are aligned.
I.F.4.3. Bearing and belt numbers before connection of ducts is made to
unit.
I.F.4.4. Guards or other protection for rotating equipment and belts.
I.F.5. Lubrication of equipment, if required, is accessible and extends to exterior
of unit.
I.F.6. Equipment exposed to weather is protected from direct exposure per
requirements.
I.F.6.1. Roof mounted equipment is flashed at curbs per requirements.
I.F.6.2. Gooseneck and rain hoods are provided and installed to prevent
moisture entrance into system.
I.F.7. Backdraft dampers and/or sound traps are provided as required on exhaust
fans.
I.F.7.1. Check for operation, rattle, felt strips, separate frames, etc. as
required.
I.F.8. Exhaust and supplies are oriented to avoid conflict.
I.G. Filters and Screens
I.G.1. Type
I.G.2. Adequate space is provided for removal, repair, and replacement of filters.
I.G.3. Air stream can be distributed over entire filter area.
I.G.4. Proper amount of adhesive and washing tank for viscous medium type
filters are provided.
I.G.5. Sealing strips are provided as required.
I.G.6. Electrostatic filters have warning lights and interlocks as required.
I.G.6.1. Ionizers have free access and do not have loose wires or
sparking.
I.G.7. Automatic sprays provide complete washing and spray coverage.
I.G.8. Traveling screen filters are observed for oil charge and operation of
screen.
I.G.9. Renewable Roll Filters
I.G.9.1. Tracking Of Roll
I.G.9.2. Media Runout Switch
I.G.9.3. Timer Setting
I.G.9.4. Static Pressure Control
I.G.9.5. Tension On Media
I.G.9.6. Spare filters are provided as required.
I.G.9.6.1. Equipment filters to be clean and/or replaced as required
at date of acceptance.
I.G.9.7. Bird and insect screen of proper mesh size and material is
provided as required.
I.G.9.8. Isolation is made between dissimilar metals.
I.G.10. All filters and screens are clean at completion of final tests.
I.H. Ductwork
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I.H.1. Location
I.H.1.1. Ductwork is provided with means to adjust to expansion and
contraction where needed and as shown on the approved
I.H.1.2. Appropriate space and headroom are provided for proper
operation, servicing, cleaning, and repair.
I.H.1.2.1. Lighting is suitably located with respect to equipment.
I.H.1.2.2. Clearances to all equipment electric panels are adequate
and per requirements.
I.H.2. Ductwork layout is coordinated with other trades to avoid congestion and
interference.
I.H.2.1. Hangers
I.H.2.2. Stiffeners
I.H.2.3. Reinforcement
I.H.2.4. Anchorage and bracing of ductwork (refer to 2.5.1
Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing Equipment on page 159 for
additional information, where applicable).
I.H.2.5. Slope ratio of transitions, radius of curved duct, air turns, and
deflectors are provided as specified.
I.H.2.6. Environmental Air
I.H.2.6.1. Ceiling space used as a return air plenum contains
plenum rated cable.
I.H.2.6.2. Corridors do not serve as supply, return, exhaust, relief,
or ventilation air ducts per the approved construction
documents.
I.H.2.6.2.1 Though there are exceptions to these
requirements given in CBC 1018.5, the approved
construction documents dictate requirements for
the project.
I.H.2.6.3. Air moving systems supplying air in excess of specified
limits to enclosed spaces within buildings are equipped
with an automatic shutoff per requirements.
I.H.2.7. Exhaust Air
I.H.2.7.1. Flammable vapor or dust to be exhausted is interlocked
with the equipment creating the vapor or dust per
requirements.
I.H.2.7.2. Exhaust ducts do not have dampers, unless specifically
shown on approved drawings.
I.H.2.7.3. Fume hoods are exhausted separately from the building
exhaust system.
I.H.2.7.3.1 Roof-top exhaust stack is at specified height
above the roof surface.
I.H.2.7.3.2 Generally, fume hoods are not manifolded
together, but there are exceptions; check with
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approved construction documents. See also IR M1.
I.H.2.7.4. Type I Cooking Hoods (See NFPA 96 for additional
information.)
I.H.2.7.4.1 Exhaust directly to the outside per requirements.
I.H.2.7.4.2 Located away from building air intakes per
requirements.
I.H.3.
I.H.4.
I.H.5.
I.H.6.
I.H.7.
Type
Material
Thickness
Shape
Joints
I.H.7.1. Type
I.H.7.2. Seams
I.H.7.3. Check for breaks or cracks.
I.H.7.4. Joint provides a smooth surface on interior of duct.
I.H.7.5. Laps are in direction of air flow.
I.H.7.6. Flexible connectors are fabricated and provided where specified.
I.H.8. Splitter dampers are provided if required and operating mechanism is
accessible.
I.H.9. Access doors and/or access space is provided at all items requiring
servicing.
I.H.9.1. Size Is sufficient for access and maintenance for the following (this
is not an exhaustive list):
I.H.9.1.1. Fire Dampers
I.H.9.1.1.1 Fire dampers of type required are furnished and
installed as specified (refer to 3.3.5.5
Penetrations of Assemblies subsection II.A.2.6 on
page 204 for additional information).
I.H.9.1.2. Automatic Dampers
I.H.9.1.3. Manual Dampers
I.H.9.1.4. Coils
I.H.9.1.5. Heaters Filters
I.H.9.1.6. Thermostats
I.H.10. Duct Lining and Insulation
I.H.10.1. Ducts are tested for air tightness, if required, before installation of
insulation.
I.H.10.2. Material
I.H.10.2.1. Fire retardant or incombustible where noted.
I.H.10.3. Type
I.H.10.4. Thickness
I.H.10.5. Extent
I.H.10.6. Method of fastening and installation are as specified.
I.H.10.7. Sound deadening and vapor barrier are provided as specified.
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I.H.10.8. Insulation subject to damage is protected as specified.
I.H.10.9. Vapor barrier integrity is maintained.
I.I. Outlets, Diffusers, Registers and Grilles
I.I.1. Materials
I.I.2. Type
I.I.3. Finish
I.I.4. All ducts, plenums, and equipment are thoroughly cleaned of all debris
before supply outlets are installed.
I.I.5. Volume control devices are provided as required and are accessible.
I.I.6. Gaskets are provided and installed as required.
I.I.7. Items are securely attached and supported per requirements (see IR 252.10 for 2010 CBC or IR 25-2.07 for 2007 CBC).
I.J. Penetrations
I.J.1. Mechanical penetrations through rated assemblies including floors, roofs,
walls and shafts comply with approved construction documents. See
3.3.5.5 Penetrations of Assemblies on page 204 for additional information.
I.K. Conflicts
I.K.1. Mechanical equipment does not interfere with the normal use and
operation of doors, windows, and other required facilities.
I.L. Emergency Requirements
I.L.1. Mechanical system has emergency power capability where required.
I.L.1.1. Such systems are clearly labeled.
I.L.2. Machinery may require a disconnect switch; verify per requirements.
I.L.3. Safety and relief valves are provided and set to specified PSIG.
I.L.4. Safety operating controls are provided as required.
I.M. Testing
I.M.1. Verify system is completely clean and flushed of all debris.
I.M.2. Operate system in presence of agencies and engineers, as required.
I.M.2.1. Verify outside air settings and damper operation.
I.M.2.1.1. Relocatable buildings with wall-mounted HVAC units are
commonly shipped with outside air dampers secured
shut.
I.M.2.2. Ducts are tested for air tightness, if required, before installation of
insulation.
I.M.3. Balancing:
I.M.3.1. All bearings are lubricated.
I.M.3.2. Tension of pulleys and belts is adjusted.
I.M.3.3. Guards are in place
I.M.3.4. All adjustments, connections, etc., are made.
I.M.3.5. Balancing report is provided.
I.M.4. Test and verify compliance of the mechanical system with the approved
I.N. Maintenance.
I.N.1. Required signs and labeling are provided.
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I.N.1.1. Signs/labels are not covered by insulation or painted out.
I.N.2. System is operated and instruction given to future operating personnel.
I.N.3. Verify Owner has received all required literature, reference standards and
instructions describing the proper operation and maintenance of the
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5.2 Plumbing (Including Wet-Side Mechanical)
In addition to the items noted below, refer to the CPC.
I.A. Pipe and fitting materials per requirements (see BU 09-10).
I.A.1. Material
I.A.2. Type/Grade
I.A.3. Size
I.A.4. Weight
I.A.5. Corrosion protection measures (e.g. PVC coated conduit) are provided as
specified.
I.B. Location
I.B.1. Underground Installation (Refer to 2.1.1.3 Underground Utilities on page 50
for additional information.)
I.B.1.1. Depth
I.B.1.2. Clearances
I.B.1.3. Backfilled per requirements.
I.B.2. Grades and location of piping with respect to other features of the building
are understood.
I.B.2.1. Existing lines and conflict with other trade's work is coordinated to
avoid congestion or interference.
I.B.2.1.1. Excavation of stubs or lines to which connection will be
made is performed before trenching for new work.
I.B.2.2. Prior to placement of foundation, slabs, walls, and floors, confirm
piping sleeves meet requirements for:
I.B.2.2.1. Number
I.B.2.2.2. Size
I.B.2.2.3. Locations
I.B.2.2.4. Adequacy to receive insulation, caulking, or other
requirements.
I.B.2.3. Coordinate riser locations, size and spacing with structural
requirements where risers pass through structural elements (e.g.
foundation, curb, sill plates, etc.).
I.B.2.3.1. No cutting, notching, boring or other modifications of
structural members unless specifically shown on
approved drawings.
I.B.3. Pipe supports, hangers, and anchorage's are provided and spaced as
specified.
I.B.3.1. Isolation between pipe and support is provided as specified.
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I.B.3.1.1. Piping is provided with means to adjust to expansion and
contraction where needed and as shown on the
I.B.3.2. At restrooms with waterless urinals, additional piping per
requirements is provided (see IR P-1).
I.B.4. Protection is provided to keep concrete, trash, debris, etc., out of lines.
I.B.4.1. Capping and plugging is as required.
I.B.4.1.1. Verify lines are cleaned at completion, with inspection as
specified.
I.B.5. Vents are terminated the specified clear distance from building openings.
I.C. Pipe Fittings
I.C.1. Pipes to be threaded are squarely cut, threaded, and reamed properly.
I.C.1.1. Fabrication equipment used is adequate.
I.C.1.1.1. Lines are reamed.
I.C.1.1.2. Tapered threads are used.
I.C.1.2. Joints are wiped clean.
I.C.2. Pipes to be soldered are cut with tool, reamed, brightened and soldered
using flux and solder required.
I.C.2.1. Pipes and fittings weakened by overheating are replaced.
I.C.3. Pipes with flanged joints are gasketed per requirements.
I.C.3.1. Drift pins and spud wrenches are not used.
I.C.4. Pipes to be welded are prepared per requirements.
I.C.4.1. Welder to be properly certified, if specified (see 1.2.2 Required
During Construction on page 32 for additional information).
I.C.5. Pipes to be cemented are properly joined.
I.C.5.1. Manufacturer's instructions and approved construction documents
for pipe and cement are followed.
I.C.6. Installation of valves, unions, and fittings.
I.C.6.1. Proper type of valve.
I.C.6.1.1. Access to valves is possible.
I.C.6.1.2. Orientation of valves and valve systems is as specified.
I.C.6.1.3. Vapor seal, were required.
I.C.6.2. Proper Fittings
I.C.6.2.1. Strainers
I.C.6.2.2. Checks
I.C.6.2.3. Gauges
I.C.6.2.4. Air Reliefs
I.C.6.2.5. Drips
I.C.6.2.6. Traps
I.C.6.3. Valves and fittings are insulated as required.
I.C.6.3.1. If hangers are required to be installed over insulation, see
that high-density insulation inserts and metal shields are
provided per requirements.
I.C.6.4. Balancing Cocks
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I.C.7. Pipes and joints are wrapped or coated as required.
I.C.7.1. Dissimilar metals have dielectric or isolating couplings; no contact
of dissimilar metal piping occurs.
I.C.7.1.1. Copper pipes are wrapped with specified tape (or
equivalent dielectric) adjacent to steel studs.
I.C.8. Proper alignment without strain on joints.
I.C.9. Future provisions, such as capped lines, and proper location and
identification are provided if required.
I.D. Soil, Waste, and Vent Systems
I.D.1. Rough-ins for fixtures and equipment are located and installed as required.
I.D.2. No-hub pipe is installed and hung as required.
I.D.2.1. Clamps are provided at:
I.D.2.1.1. Base of risers
I.D.2.1.2. At every floor penetration
I.D.2.2. Support is provided at every closet bend, trap, arm, etc., unless
otherwise specified.
I.D.3. Exterior manholes, lampholes, and cleanouts are located and installed as
required.
I.D.3.1. Slope of lines and their alignment are as specified.
I.D.3.2. Cleanouts to grade are provided as required.
I.D.4. Floor drains, airway drains, floor sinks, etc., are elevated and properly
located with respect to finish floor (I.e. recessed slab at tile/mortar bed
floor) and will adequately drain area served.
I.D.4.1. Provisions are adequate for connection to membranes,
waterproofness, etc.
I.D.4.1.1. Clamping rings are provided as required in floors with
membranes.
I.D.4.2. Trap primers are provided as specified (floor drains, sinks).
I.D.4.3. Cleanouts are located to allow access, and locations are as
specified.
I.D.5. Dielectric unions and connectors per requirements.
I.D.6. Provisions for settlement and shrinkage are made if specified.
I.D.6.1. Observe soil stack supports.
I.D.7. Vent piping, combined and concealed in spaces provided, sloped on
horizontals, and extended through roof are flashed and counter-flashed as
required.
I.E. Water Supply
I.E.1. Rough-ins to fixtures and equipment are located and installed as required.
I.E.2. Coordination is made for meters, shutoffs, hydrants, boxes, etc.
I.E.2.1. In large structures, shutoff valves are provided if required to isolate
portions of system.
I.E.3. Valves for proper function are as required
I.E.3.1. Location and accessibility are understood.
I.E.3.2. Verify location and type of access panels.
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I.E.3.3. Verify that water system can be drained at lowest point.
I.E.3.4. All valves are labeled, if required.
I.E.4. Air chambers or shock absorbers are provided as specified.
I.E.4.1. Sound and vibration isolators are provided as specified.
I.E.5. Dielectric unions and connectors per requirements.
I.E.6. Allowance for expansion and contraction is provided.
I.F. Fixtures
I.F.1. Installation
I.F.1.1. Adequate blocking, backing, and brackets are provided to receive
fixtures (refer to 2.5.1 Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing Equipment
on page 159 for additional information).
I.F.1.1.1. Hot water generators are securely anchored.
I.F.1.1.1.1 All gauges, valves, strainers, etc. are visible and
accessible.
I.F.1.2. Installed fixtures are undamaged and protected during
construction.
I.F.1.2.1. Use of fixtures is avoided until system is complete and
tested.
I.F.1.3. Fixtures are installed with specified components:
I.F.1.3.1. Accessories
I.F.1.3.2. Trim
I.F.1.3.3. Brass
I.F.1.3.4. Finish
I.F.1.3.5. Stops
I.F.1.3.6. Vacuum Breakers
I.F.1.3.7. Strainers
I.F.1.3.8. Escutcheons
I.F.1.3.9. Flanges
I.F.1.3.10. Cover Plates
I.F.1.4. Fixtures are installed level.
I.F.1.4.1. All gauges, valves, strainers, etc. are visible and
accessible.
I.F.1.5. Piping is provided to floor drains or exterior from relief valves.
I.F.1.5.1. Pressure reducing valve is installed and set to pressure
as required.
I.F.1.5.2. Floor drains, roof drains, etc., with clamping rings are
properly installed to membrane and weeps are cleared
as provided.
I.F.1.5.2.1 Observe that shower drains are similarly installed
as required.
I.G. Penetrations
I.G.1. Plumbing penetrations through rated assemblies including floors, roofs,
walls and shafts comply with approved construction documents.
I.H. Conflicts
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I.H.1. Plumbing equipment does not interfere with the normal use and operation
of doors, windows, and other required facilities.
I.H.2. Piping over electrical equipment does not encroach into the required clear
space.
I.I. Emergency Requirements
I.I.1. Specified relief valves are provided for pressurized systems.
I.J. Testing
I.J.1. Test and verify compliance of the plumbing system with the approved
I.J.1.1. All pipes are inspected for damage and tested, inspected before
covering up.
I.J.1.1.1. Observe testing process.
I.J.1.1.2. Water supply system piping, lines are sterilized as
specified.
I.J.1.1.2.1 Proper Dosage
I.J.1.1.2.2 Distribution
I.J.1.1.2.3 Retention
I.J.1.1.2.4 Final Flush Out
I.J.1.1.2.5 Certification is provided.
I.J.1.1.3. Fixtures
I.J.1.1.3.1 Fixtures are properly cleaned at completion.
I.J.1.1.3.2 Check temperature and pressure settings for relief
valves.
I.J.1.1.3.3 Faucets operate easily and are in proper position.
I.J.1.1.3.4 Flush water closets for proper operation.
I.K. Maintenance
I.K.1. Required signs and labeling are provided.
I.K.1.1. Piping is painted and/or identified for flow and type.
I.K.1.2. Signs/labels are not covered by insulation or painted out.
I.K.2. Verify Owner has received all required literature, reference standards and
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5.3 Gas
In addition to the information below, also refer to the CPC and 2009 NFPA 54 National Fuel
Gas Code.
I.A. Piping
I.A.1. Material
I.A.2. Grade
I.A.3. Size
I.A.4. Coating of exterior lines.
I.A.5. Piping ventilation per requirements.
I.A.6. Drip pockets are provided per requirements.
I.A.7. Plug cocks, as pressure regulators and insulating couplings are installed as
required. All are labeled if required.
I.B. Location
I.B.1.1. Depth
I.B.1.2. Clearances
I.B.2. Gas piping is provided with means to adjust to expansion and contraction
where needed and indicated in approved construction documents.
I.B.3. Support and bracing/anchorage per requirements.
I.B.4. Alignments with existing piping, where applicable.
I.C. Penetrations
I.C.1. Gas penetrations through rated assemblies including floors, roofs, walls
and shafts comply with approved construction documents.
I.D. Conflicts
I.D.1. Gas equipment does not interfere with the normal use and operation of
doors, windows, and other required facilities.
I.E. Emergency Requirements
I.E.1. Specified relief valves are provided for pressurized pipes.
I.E.2. Earthquake activated shut-off valve is provided (refer to BU 11-03 for other
commonly specified conditions associated with seismic safety for gas
piping).
I.E.2.1. Refer to Earthquake Sensitive Automatic Gas Shut-off Valve
Certifications for a list of certified valves.
I.E.2.2. Refer to Excess Flow Automatic Gas Shut-off Valve Certifications
for a list of certified valves.
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I.E.2.3. Refer to Verified Laboratories Qualified for Testing EarthquakeSensitive and Excess Flow Gas Shut-off Devices for a listing of
DSA approved laboratories for testing shut-off valves.
I.E.3. Emergency manual shut-off valve is provided.
I.E.3.1. Emergency shut-off valve is provided in lab spaces and kitchens.
I.F. Testing
I.F.1. Test and verify compliance of the gas system with the approved
I.G. Maintenance
I.G.1. Required signs and labeling are provided.
I.G.1.1. Signs/labels are not covered by insulation or painted out.
I.G.2. Gas lines in slab are accessible from a trench with a removable trenchplate cover.
I.G.3. Verify Owner has received all required literature, reference standards and
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5.4 Electrical
In addition to the information below, also refer to the CEC.
I.A. Conduit and Cable
I.A.1. Material
I.A.2. Size
I.A.3. Type/Grade
I.A.3.1. Observe limitations on use of different types of conduit (this is not
an exhaustive list):
I.A.3.1.1. Rigid
I.A.3.1.2. Flexible Metal
I.A.3.1.2.1 Thin-Wall
I.A.3.1.2.2 Liquid-Tight
I.A.3.1.3. Plastic
I.A.3.1.4. Cement-Asbestos
I.A.3.1.5. Impregnated-Fiber
I.A.4. Fittings
I.A.4.1. Compatibility with conduit type.
I.A.4.2. Weather tight where applicable.
I.A.5. Insulating Bushings
I.A.6. Connector Linings
I.A.7. Double lock nuts are provided as required.
I.B. Location
I.B.1. Clearances to all equipment electric panels are adequate.
I.B.2.1. Depth
I.B.2.2. Clearances
I.B.3. Anchorage (refer to 2.5.1 Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing Equipment on
I.B.4. Means are provided to accommodate contraction and expansion at building
expansion joints as required.
I.B.5. Conduit
I.B.5.1. Exposed conduit locations comply with requirements.
I.B.5.1.1. Exposed conduits are installed parallel or perpendicular to
structure.
I.B.5.1.2. Vertical runs are plumb.
I.B.5.2. Conduit is secured and fastened as specified.
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I.B.5.2.1. Runs in wet areas are elevated above surface at specified
dimension.
I.B.5.3. Conduit is provided with means to adjust to expansion and
contraction where needed and indicated in approved construction
documents.
I.B.5.4. Field cutting of conduit square cut, reamed or filed, and cleaned of
oil and filings.
I.B.5.5. Pull wires/ropes/strings are provided, extend full length, and are of
the type required.
I.B.6. Raceways and Busways
I.B.6.1. Support is provided as specified in approved construction
documents.
I.B.6.1.1. Bracing/anchorage is provided per requirements.
I.B.6.1.2. Provision for expansion is in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions and as shown in approved
I.B.6.1.3. Support of vertical raceways at each floor level is
provided in multistory structures per requirements.
I.B.6.2. Raceways
I.B.6.2.1. Raceways are kept closed during construction.
I.B.6.2.2. Underfloor Raceways
I.B.6.2.2.1 Cross sectional dimensions are as specified.
I.B.6.2.2.2 Specified setting depth has been provided at
junction boxes.
I.B.6.2.2.3 Raceways are parallel with floor construction,
firmly supported at proper elevation and in
straight alignment.
I.B.6.2.2.4 All joints are tight and sealed in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions and approved
construction documents between sections and to
junction boxes.
I.B.6.2.2.4.1 No damaged joints are allowed.
I.B.6.2.2.5 Inserts, both preset and post-installed, are or will
be secure to raceways and set flush with floor.
I.B.6.3. Busway
I.B.6.3.1. Busway is accessible as required.
I.B.6.3.2. Plug-in features and top of devices per requirements.
I.B.6.3.3. Trolley busways, trolleys, brushes, contact rollers, and
flexible cables have good contact and move freely.
I.B.6.3.4. Grounding of busway housing is provided per
requirements.
I.B.6.3.5. Joints are tightened in strict accordance with
manufacturer's instructions.
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I.B.6.3.6. Component sections are legibly identified and marked
with voltage, amperage, and name of manufacturer per
requirements.
I.B.7. Conductors
I.B.7.1. Material
I.B.7.2. Size
I.B.7.3. Stranding
I.B.7.4. Type of Insulation
I.B.7.5. Pulling of conductors and cables per requirements.
I.B.7.5.1. Suitable equipment and methods.
I.B.7.5.2. No damage to sheath jackets or insulation.
I.B.7.6. Connectors and joints are clean and tight.
I.B.7.6.1. Connectors, lugs, clamps. etc., to connect copper and
aluminum are approved for specific application.
I.B.7.6.1.1 Where subject to moisture, materials provided
comply with requirements to avoid galvanic
corrosion.
I.B.7.6.2. All connections are made in accessible junction or outlet
boxes, not in conduits.
I.B.7.7. Color coding of wires, including neutral and grounding (see I.C.1
Fixtures on page 263 for additional information), and branch
circuits per requirements.
I.B.7.7.1. Neutral is insulated throughout per requirements.
I.B.7.8. Branch circuit conductors extending through fluorescent fixtures in
continuous runs per requirements.
I.B.8. Cable Systems
I.B.8.1. Cables are secured per requirements.
I.B.8.2. Metal-clad cable (BX) is installed per requirements.
I.B.8.2.1. Cutting is performed without conductor damage.
I.B.8.2.2. Bushings are installed per requirements.
I.B.8.3. Nonmetallic-cable is only installed in specified areas.
I.B.8.3.1. Used in wet locations or areas exposed to dampness
including exterior masonry walls.
I.B.8.3.2. In wood or cold formed steel light frame construction,
nonmetallic-cable is located within wall to prevent driving
of nails into cable.
I.B.8.3.2.1 Protection plates are provided where required.
I.B.8.4. Cable is covered by finishes per requirements.
I.B.9. Outlets
I.B.9.1. Locations of outlets per approved drawings.
I.B.9.1.1. Wall receptacle, switch outlets, and fixture outlets are
mounted at height and location specified.
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I.B.9.1.2. Based on proposed furniture and equipment layout, verify
suitable clearances to outlets will be provided when
those items will be placed near outlets.
I.B.9.1.3. Door swings, equipment, and other features are not in
conflict for convenience of use.
I.B.9.1.4. Light outlets in mechanical and equipment rooms are
located to suit servicing and maintenance and extend
below ducts and ceiling.
I.B.9.2. Junction, pull, and outlet boxes are of type, size, and location
required.
I.B.9.2.1. Boxes are securely and rigidly supported and do not rely
on conduits for this support.
I.B.9.2.2. Boxes are accessible.
I.B.9.2.3. Cast boxes and special boxes are provided as required in
exposed areas, exterior areas, wet locations, and
hazardous locations.
I.B.9.2.4. All boxes exposed to weather are weatherproof.
I.B.9.2.5. Plaster rings, extension rings, etc., are provided.
I.B.9.2.5.1 Where noncombustible surfaces occur, specified
space is provided from finish.
I.B.9.2.5.1.1 Combustible surface has flush mounting.
I.B.9.2.5.1.1.1 No combustible material is
exposed to interior of box.
I.B.9.2.6. Number of conductors in boxes does not exceed limits
specified.
I.B.9.3. Unused openings are closed.
I.B.9.4. Grounding continuity is maintained, including jumper if required.
I.B.9.5. Prior to close-in, architect is notified.
I.B.9.6. Special inspection is provided, when specified.
I.B.9.7. Installed devices comply with requirements (the list below is not
exhaustive):
I.B.9.7.1. Type
I.B.9.7.2. Voltage
I.B.9.7.3. Amperage
I.B.9.7.4. Color
I.B.9.8. Switches
I.B.9.8.1. Installed in hot leg of circuit (not neutral)
I.B.9.8.2. "On" position is up, except for momentary contact.
I.B.9.8.3. 3-way and 4-way switches.
I.B.9.9. Device plates per requirements (the list below is not exhaustive).
I.B.9.9.1. Material
I.B.9.9.2. Type
I.B.9.9.3. Ganging
I.B.9.9.4. Finish
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I.B.9.9.5. Completely cover openings.
I.B.9.9.6. In contact and flush with surface.
I.B.9.9.7. Plumb (not dished or bowled).
I.B.9.9.8. Surface-mounted boxes are provided with compatible
plates and without overhanging edges.
I.B.9.10. Neutral of multi-wire circuit will not be interrupted by removal of
device or fixture.
I.B.10. Motors
I.B.10.1. Motors have voltage rating, and number of phases to suit supply
system.
I.B.10.2. Motor rotation is correct for driven machine.
I.B.10.3. Motors subject to vibration or mounted on adjustable bases are
connected with flexible metal conduit
I.B.10.3.1. Liquid-tight or explosion-proof flexible metal conduit
provided where required.
I.B.10.4. Flexible metal conduit length is as required and allows flexibility
in all possible motor locations.
I.B.10.5. Observe lubrication requirements are met prior to operation.
I.B.11. Motor Control, Disconnects, and Starters
I.B.11.1. Motor Control
I.B.11.1.1. Horsepower and voltage rating is to be at least equal to
motor controlled.
I.B.11.1.1.1 Each controller with disconnect per
requirements.
I.B.11.1.2. Automatic control devices (e.g. thermostats, float and
pressure switches) are adequately rated and as
required.
I.B.11.1.3. All control accessories are furnished as required (the list
below is not exhaustive):
I.B.11.1.3.1 Start-stop push buttons.
I.B.11.1.3.2 Pilot Lights
I.B.11.1.3.3 Selector Switches
I.B.11.1.4. Motor controllers do not have excessive humming or
noise under operating conditions.
I.B.11.2. Magnetic coil voltage is same as control circuit voltage (may be
different from motor voltage).
I.B.11.3. Disconnects
I.B.11.3.1. Manual disconnect switch is provided for each motor
and motor starter, as specified.
I.B.11.3.2. Motor nameplate full-load rated currents are compared
with ratings of motor-running overcurrent protective
devices (heater).
I.B.11.3.2.1 Heaters of proper size are installed in starters.
I.B.12. Electrical Service and Distribution
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I.B.12.1. Service
I.B.12.1.1. Provisions are made in construction for service entrance
system in accordance with utility company requirements
and coordinated with drawings.
I.B.12.1.1.1 Clearances under service drops are provided.
I.B.12.1.2. Sleeves and spaces are provided of sizes required.
I.B.12.1.3. Meter location and main disconnect location are
understood.
I.B.12.2. Transformers
I.B.12.2.1. Pad for exterior transformer conforms to requirements.
I.B.12.2.2. Location and installation method is understood.
I.B.12.2.3. Transformer is of type required.
I.B.12.3. Switchboards and Panelboards
I.B.12.3.1.1 Clearance space provided is adequate.
I.B.12.3.1.2 Mounting Height
I.B.12.3.1.3 Distance from handle of top switch or breaker to
finish floor not to exceed specified limits.
I.B.12.3.1.4 Isolation of boards per requirements.
I.B.12.3.3. Conduits do not support boards.
I.B.12.3.4. Spaces are provided as required by approved
construction documents for future circuits.
I.B.12.3.5. Spare breakers are provided and installed as required
by approved construction documents.
I.B.12.4. Grounding
I.B.12.4.1. Visually inspect all grounding system conductors,
connections, and electrodes as work progresses.
I.B.12.4.2. Grounding connectors are accessible for inspection.
I.B.12.4.3. Grounding is protected against mechanical injury.
I.B.12.4.4. If water piping system is used, check that pipe is metallic
per requirements.
I.B.12.4.4.1 No insulating fitting is interposed in pipe
between round wire connection point and interior
or exterior pipe system.
I.B.12.4.5. Contact surfaces are clean and dry.
I.B.12.4.5.1 Metal-To-Metal
I.B.12.4.5.2 Tight Bolt Connections
I.B.12.4.6. Ground Rods
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I.B.12.4.6.1 Material
I.B.12.4.6.2 Size
I.B.12.4.6.3 Length
I.B.12.4.6.4 Number
I.B.12.4.6.5 Installation
I.B.12.4.7. Connectors are compatible with metal and pipes.
I.B.12.4.7.1 Verify aluminum connectors.
I.B.12.4.8. Grounding conductor is connected to both ends of
metallic raceway in which it is installed.
I.B.12.4.8.1 Both grounding and raceway are connected to
grounding electrode in accordance per
requirements.
I.C. Lighting
I.C.1. Fixtures
I.C.1.1. Fixtures comply with approved shop drawings for fixtures.
I.C.1.2. All accessories are provided.
I.C.1.3. Ballast type is as required fluorescent or high-intensity discharge,
voltage, power factor, overload protection, proper rating, low
temperature, etc.
I.C.1.3.1. Ballasts are quiet.
I.C.1.4. Lamp type per requirements.
I.C.1.4.1. Wattage
I.C.1.4.2. Energy Saving
I.C.1.4.3. Style
I.C.1.4.4. Color
I.C.1.4.5. Characteristics
I.C.1.4.6. Long Life
I.C.1.4.7. Note fluorescent lamps at start of installation to verify
proper operation upon completion.
I.C.1.4.8. Lamps are new and installed before completion, or
reinstalled if required.
I.C.1.4.9. Additional new lamps are provided to compensate for
contractors use of building lighting system if required.
I.C.1.5. Fixtures are adjusted or aimed as required.
I.C.1.6. Fixtures are suitably protected and cleaned at completion of work.
I.C.1.7. All fixtures are grounded as required.
I.C.2. Frames and accessories per requirements.
I.C.2.1. Confirm compatibility with adjacent surfaces
I.C.2.2. No light leaks
I.C.2.3. Weather Proof
I.C.2.4. Corrosion resistant
I.C.2.5. Finishes Match
I.C.3. Inspect cartons and lens to see whether acrylic or styrene plastic is
provided as required.
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I.C.4. Location
I.C.4.1. Lighting layout is coordinated with architectural drawings and
discrepancies are reported.
I.C.4.2. Layout is coordinated with work of other trades, especially
mechanical and fire sprinklers.
I.C.4.3. Suspension, supporting, and mounting methods are as required.
I.C.4.3.1. Confirm plumbness and alignment.
I.C.4.4. Mounting height and location are as required.
I.C.5. During installation, see that defective louvers, cracked glass or plastic,
chipped porcelain or finish, distortion, or other defects are corrected before
completion.
I.C.5.1. Doors are properly aligned, with proper clearance.
I.C.5.2. Retaining devices function properly.
I.D. Grounding
I.D.1. Grounding conductor is securely attached to equipment, devices, etc., and
forms complete grounding system.
I.D.1.1.1. Grounding conductor for equipment when run with circuit
conductors complies with color coding requirements
(commonly specified as either bare or green coded).
I.D.2. GFI receptacles are provided per requirements (see IR E-2 for commonly
specified locations).
I.D.3. All grounding complies with the approved construction documents.
I.D.3.1. Where fittings occur, confirm tightness is appropriate to maintain
ground continuity.
I.D.3.2. Photovoltaic systems are properly grounded per requirements.
I.E. Penetrations
I.E.1. Electrical penetrations through rated assemblies including floors, roofs,
walls and shafts comply with approved construction documents.
I.E.1.1. Electrical racks through rated walls often require special throughpenetration details per approved drawings.
I.F. Conflicts
I.F.1. Electrical equipment does not interfere with the normal use and operation
of doors, windows, and other required facilities.
I.G. Emergency Requirements
I.G.1. High-voltage spaces have the specified exiting and panic hardware.
I.G.2. Battery storage per the approved construction documents.
I.G.3. UPS, automatic transfer systems, fuel cell, emergency power and stand-by
power systems per requirements.
I.G.4. Machinery may require a disconnect; verify per requirements.
I.H. Testing
I.H.1. Grounding tests for relocatable buildings (see IR E-1).
I.H.2. Test and verify compliance of the electrical system with the approved
I.I. Maintenance
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I.I.1. Required signs and labeling are provided.
I.I.1.1. Photovoltaic systems have specified labeling.
I.I.1.2. Signs/labels are not covered by insulation or painted out.
I.I.2. All electrical equipment and devices have the specified clear work space.
I.I.3. Verify Owner has received all required literature, reference standards and
5.4.1 Emergency and Standby Power Systems

Emergency power systems are essentially fire safety systems (e.g. exit signage and egress
illumination), whereas standby power systems focus more on the continued operation of critical
equipment in a building (e.g. elevators, fire pumps). Emergency power is typically available in
10 seconds after the primary power fails, whereas standby power is available in 60 seconds.
In addition to the references noted for Electrical Systems, the following apply to emergency
and standby power systems::
CBC Chapter 27
CFC Chapter 604
NFPA 110
NFPA 111
In addition to the testing and inspection items noted for Electrical Systems, the information
below applies to emergency and standby power systems.
I.A. Emergency and standby power is provided at locations specified in the approved
construction documents. Common equipment, locations or areas often include:
I.A.1. Equipment
I.A.1.1. Horizontal Sliding Doors
I.A.1.2. Fire Alarm/Detection Systems
I.A.1.3. Smoke Control Systems
I.A.1.4. Fire Pumps
I.A.1.5. Voice/alarm communication systems in:
I.A.1.5.1. A-occupancy
I.A.1.5.2. Covered Malls
I.A.1.6. Means of egress illumination.
I.A.1.6.1. Exit Signs
I.A.2. Locations/Areas
I.A.2.1. Hazardous Materials Areas
I.A.2.2. Occupied Areas Underground
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I.A.2.3. Elevators, including elevator car lighting.
I.A.2.3.1. Accessible means of egress elevators.
I.A.2.4. High-Rise Buildings
I.A.2.5. I-2 occupancy when located at or above 75 feet (e.g. in high-rise
buildings)
I.A.2.6. I-3 Occupancy
I.A.2.7. L Occupancy
I.B. Verify special requirements at generators.
I.B.1. Fire barrier rating in high-rise buildings.
I.B.2. Fuel capacity time duration.
I.C. Testing of Emergency and Standby Power Systems shall comply with NFPA 110
and NFPA 111.
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5.5 Signal
I.A. Location
I.A.1. Underground Installation (Refer to 2.1.1.3 Underground Utilities on page 50
I.A.1.1. Depth
I.A.1.2. Clearances
I.A.1.3. Backfilled per requirements.
I.A.2. Conduit and cable are provided with means to adjust to expansion and
contraction where needed and indicated in approved construction
documents.
I.A.3. Support and bracing/anchorage per requirements.
I.B. Penetrations
I.B.1. Signal penetrations through rated assemblies including floors, roofs, walls
and shafts comply with approved construction documents.
I.B.1.1. Signal racks through rated walls often require special throughpenetration details per approved drawings.
I.C. Conflicts
I.C.1. Signal equipment does not interfere with the normal use and operation of
doors, windows, and other required facilities.
I.D. Testing
I.D.1. Test and verify compliance of the signal system with the approved
I.E. Maintenance
I.E.1. Required signs and labeling are provided.
I.E.1.1. Signs/labels are not covered by insulation or painted out.
I.E.2. Verify Owner has received all required literature, reference standards and
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APPENDIX A DSA 103 CORRELATION MATRIX
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DSA 103 Correlation Matrix

DSA 103 Section
SOILS
1. GENERAL:
a. Verify that:
site has been prepared properly prior to
placement of controlled fill and/or
excavations for foundations,
foundation excavations are extended to
proper depth and have reached proper
material, and
materials below footings are adequate to
achieve the design bearing capacity.
2. COMPACTED FILLS:
a. Perform qualification testing of fill
materials.
b. Verify use of proper materials and inspect 2.1.1.1 Site on page 45
lift thicknesses, placement, and compaction
during placement of fill.
c. Test compaction of fill.
3. DRIVEN DEEP FOUNDATIONS
2.2.2.1 Driven Deep Foundations (Piles) on
(PILES):
page 65
a. Verify pile materials, sizes and lengths
comply with the requirements.
page 65
b. Determine capacities of test piles and
conduct additional load tests as required.
page 65
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DSA 103 Section
c. Inspect driving operations and maintain
complete and accurate records for each pile.
page 65
d. Verify locations of piles and their
plumbness, confirm type and size of
hammer, record number of blows per foot of
penetration, determine required penetrations
to achieve design capacity, record tip and
butt elevations and record any pile damage.
e. Steel piles.
f. Concrete piles, and concrete filled piles.

page 65
2.2.2.1.1 Steel Piles on page 67

2.2.2.1.1.1 Helical Piles on page 67
page 65
g. For specialty piles, perform additional

inspections as determined by the registered
design professional in responsible charge.
4. CAST-IN-PLACE DEEP FOUNDATIONS 2.2.2.2 Cast-In-Place Deep Foundations
(PIERS):
(Piers) on page 69
2.2.2.4 Compacted Aggregate Piers/Rammed
Aggregate Piers/Vibro Stone Columns on
page 72
a. Inspect drilling operations and maintain
2.2.2.2 Cast-In-Place Deep Foundations
complete and accurate records for each pier.
(Piers) on page 69
page 72
b. Verify locations of piers.
(Piers) on page 69
page 72
c. Confirm pier diameters, plumbness, bell
diameters (if applicable), lengths, and
(Piers) on page 69
embedment into bedrock (if applicable).
Record concrete or grout volumes.
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DSA 103 Section
page 72
d. Confirm adequate end strata bearing

capacity.
e. Concrete piers.
5. RETAINING WALLS:
a. Placement of soil reinforcement, drainage
devices, and backfill.
b. Segmental retaining walls; inspect
placement of units, dowels, connectors, etc.
c. Concrete retaining walls.
d. Masonry retaining walls.
6. OTHER SOILS:
CONCRETE
7. CAST IN PLACE CONCRETE
Material Verification and Testing:

a. Verify use of required design mix.

(Piers) on page 69
page 72
(Piers) on page 69
page 72
2.1.3 Earth Retaining Structures on page 53
2.1.4 Anchors on page 58
2.1.4.1 Soil Nails on page 59
2.1.4.2 Tie Backs on page 59
2.1.4.3 Prestressed Rock and Soil Foundation
Anchors on page 59
page 72
(Piers) on page 69
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DSA 103 Section
2.2.1.1.2 Concrete Grade Beams/Combined
Concrete Footings on page 64
(Piers) on page 69
2.3.1.1 Cast In Place (CIP) Concrete on page
74
2.3.1.4.1 CIP on page 85
2.3.1.5.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.6.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.7.1 CIP on page 88
2.4.1.1 Special Reinforced Shear Wall on page
140
2.4.1.2 Intermediate Precast Shear Wall on
page 141
2.4.1.3 Special Reinforced Moment Frame on
page 141
b. Test reinforcing steel.
(Piers) on page 69
74
2.3.1.4.1 CIP on page 85
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DSA 103 Section
2.3.1.5.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.6.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.7.1 CIP on page 88
140
page 141
page 141
c. Perform slump, temperature, and (where
required) air content tests.
(Piers) on page 69
74
2.3.1.4.1 CIP on page 85
2.3.1.5.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.6.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.7.1 CIP on page 88
140
page 141
page 141
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DSA 103 Section
d. Test concrete (compression).
(Piers) on page 69
74
2.3.1.4.1 CIP on page 85
2.3.1.5.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.6.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.7.1 CIP on page 88
140
page 141
page 141
Inspection:
e. Inspect batching of concrete.
(Piers) on page 69
74
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DSA 103 Section
2.3.1.4.1 CIP on page 85
2.3.1.5.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.6.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.7.1 CIP on page 88
140
page 141
page 141
f. Inspect placement of formwork, reinforcing 2.1.3.3 Concrete Retaining Wall on page 58
steel, embedded items and concrete. Inspect 2.2.1.1 Concrete Foundations on page 62
curing and form removal.
(Piers) on page 69
74
2.3.1.4.1 CIP on page 85
2.3.1.5.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.6.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.7.1 CIP on page 88
140
page 141
PAGE 275 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 141
g. Welding of reinforcing steel.
h. Verify in-situ concrete strength prior to

removal of shores and forms from beams
and structural slabs.

(Piers) on page 69
74
2.3.1.4.1 CIP on page 85
2.3.1.5.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.6.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.7.1 CIP on page 88
140
page 141
page 141
(Piers) on page 69
PAGE 276 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
74
2.3.1.4.1 CIP on page 85
2.3.1.5.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.6.1 CIP on page 87
2.3.1.7.1 CIP on page 88
140
page 141
page 141
8. PRESTRESSED CONCRETE (in
2.3.1.2 Prestressed/Post-tension Concrete on
addition to Cast in Place Concrete tests
page 83
and inspections):
a. Test prestressing tendons and
anchorages.
page 83
b. Inspect placement of prestressing
tendons.
page 83
c. Verify in-situ concrete strength prior to
stressing of tendons.
page 83
d. Inspect application of prestressing forces
and grouting of bonded prestressing tendons. 2.3.1.2 Prestressed/Post-tension Concrete on
page 83
PAGE 277 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
9. PRECAST CONCRETE (in addition to
Cast in Place Concrete tests and
inspections):
a. Inspect fabrication of precast concrete
members.
b. Inspect erection of precast concrete

members.
10. SHOTCRETE (in addition to Cast in

Place Concrete tests and inspections):
a. Inspect shotcrete placement.
b. Test shotcrete (compression).
11. POST-INSTALLED ANCHORS:
a. Inspect installation of post-installed
anchors

page 141
page 141
74
2.5.1 Mechanical/Electrical/Plumbing
Equipment on page 159
2.5.2.2.1 Computer Access Floors on page
164
2.7.2 Walk-In Freezers and Cold Storage
Boxes on page 175
PAGE 278 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
b. Test post-installed anchors.
74
2.5.2.2.1 Computer Access Floors on page
164
Boxes on page 175
12. OTHER CONCRETE:
Refer to the building specific DSA approved
DSA 103 form and appropriate sections in this
manual.
MASONRY
13. STRUCTURAL MASONRY:
141
Material Verification and testing:
a. Test reinforcing steel.
141
b. Test masonry units, mortar and grout (unit 2.3.2 Masonry on page 89
strength method).
141
c. Test masonry prisms (prism test method).
PAGE 279 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
141
d. Verify proportions of site-prepared,
premixed or preblended mortar and grout.
141
e. Test core-drilled samples.
141
Inspection:
f. Inspect preparation of prisms.
141
g. Verify size, location and condition of all
dowels, construction supporting masonry,
etc.
141
h. Verify specified size, grade, and type of
reinforcement.
141
i. Welding of reinforcing steel.
PAGE 280 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
141
j. Inspect placement of reinforcement,
connectors, masonry units and construction
of mortar joints.
141
k. Verify protection of masonry during cold
weather (temperature below 40 F) or hot
weather (temperature above 90).
141
l. Inspect type, size, and location of anchors
and all other items to be embedded in
masonry including other details of anchorage 2.3.2.2 Masonry Columns/Pilasters on page 95
of masonry to structural members, frames
and other construction.
141
m. Inspect grout space prior to grouting and
placement of grout.
141
14. VENEER OR GLASS BLOCK
2.5.2.1.2.1 Veneer OR Glass Block on page
PARTITIONS:
162
a. Verify proportions of site-prepared mortar
and grout and/or verify certification of
162
premixed mortar.
b. Inspect placement of units and
construction of mortar joints.

162
PAGE 281 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
c. Inspect placement of reinforcement,
connectors and anchors.
162
d. Inspect type, size, and location of anchors 2.5.2.1.2.1 Veneer OR Glass Block on page
and all other items to be embedded in
162
masonry including details of anchorage of
masonry to structural members, frames and
other construction.
e. Verify protection of masonry during cold
weather (temperature below 40 F) or hot
162
weather (above 90).
f. Test veneer bond strength
162
15. POST-INSTALLED ANCHORS IN
MASONRY:
a. Inspect installation of post-installed
anchors
b. Test post-installed anchors.
16. OTHER MASONRY:
manual.
2.3.4 Steel on page 116
STEEL
17. STRUCTURAL STEEL AND COLD2.3.4 Steel on page 116
FORMED STEEL USED FOR
STRUCTURAL PURPOSES
Material Verification:
PAGE 282 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
a. Verify that all materials are appropriately
marked and that:
Mill certificates indicate material
properties that comply with requirements,
Material sizes, types and grades
on page 123
comply with requirements.
2.3.4.2.1 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame
Construction on page 130
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
2.3.4.2.2.1 Studs, Joists, Rafters, Trusses on
page 135
2.4.4.1.1.1 Special Moment Frame (SMF) on
page 151
on page 154
2.4.4.1.1.3 Ordinary Moment Frame (OMF) on
page 154
2.4.4.1.1.4 Special Truss Moment Frame
(STMF) on page 154
2.4.4.1.2.1 Special Concentric Braced Frame
(SCBF) on page 155
2.4.4.1.2.2 Ordinary Concentric Braced Frame
(OCBF) on page 156
2.4.4.1.2.3 Eccentric Braced Frame (EBF) on
page 156
2.4.4.1.2.4 Buckling Restrained Braced Frame
(BRBF) on page 156
2.4.4.1.3 Special Plate Shear Wall (SPSW) on
page 156
2.4.4.1.4 Cantilever Column Systems on page
156
2.4.4.2 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame
PAGE 283 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
2.4.4.2.2 Steel Flat Strap Bracing on page 158
Boxes on page 175
2.7.3.3 Reviews Stands, Grandstands, and
Bleachers on page 177
b. Test unidentified materials
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
PAGE 284 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
c. Examine seam welds of structural tubes
and pipes
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
PAGE 285 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
Inspection:
d. Verify member locations, bracing and all
details constructed in the field.

on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
PAGE 286 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
e. Verify stiffener locations, connection tab
locations and all construction details
PAGE 287 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
fabricated in the shop.
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
PAGE 288 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
Boxes on page 175
18. HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS:
Material Verification of High-Strength
Bolts, Nuts, and Washers:
a. Verify identification markings and
manufacturer's certificates of compliance
conform to ASTM standards specified in the
DSA approved documents.
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
PAGE 289 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
b. Test high-strength bolts, nuts and
washers.
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
PAGE 290 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
Inspection of High-Strength Bolt
Installation:
c. Bearing-type (snug tight) connections.
on page 123
PAGE 291 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
PAGE 292 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
d. Slip-critical connections.
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
PAGE 293 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
Boxes on page 175
19. WELDING:
Verification of Materials, Equipment,
Welders, etc:
a. Verify weld filler material identification
markings per AWS designation listed on the
DSA approved documents and the WPS.
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
PAGE 294 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
b. Verify weld filler material manufacturers
certificate of compliance.
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
PAGE 295 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
c. Verify WPS, welder qualifications and
equipment.
on page 123
PAGE 296 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
PAGE 297 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
19.1
SHOP WELDING:
a. Inspect groove, multi-pass, and fillet welds 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116
> 5/16"
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
PAGE 298 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
Boxes on page 175
b. Inspect single-pass fillet welds 5/16
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
PAGE 299 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
c. Inspect welding of stairs and railing
systems.
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
PAGE 300 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
d. Verification of reinforcing steel weldability
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
PAGE 301 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
e. Inspect welding of reinforcing steel.
PAGE 302 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
PAGE 303 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
Boxes on page 175
19.2
FIELD WELDING:
a. Inspect groove, multi-pass, and fillet welds 2.3.4.1 Structural Steel on page 116
> 5/16"
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
PAGE 304 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
b. Inspect single-pass fillet welds 5/16
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
page 151
on page 154
PAGE 305 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
c. Inspect end-welded studs (ASTM A-108)
installation (including bend test)
on page 123
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
PAGE 306 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
Boxes on page 175
d. Inspect floor and roof deck welds
e. Inspect welding of structural cold-formed
steel
PAGE 307 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
2.3.4.2.1.1 Walls on page 132
page 135
f. Inspect welding of stairs and railing
systems
on page 123
g. Verification of reinforcing steel weldability
h. Inspect welding of reinforcing steel.
20. NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING:
a. Ultrasonic
on page 123
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
PAGE 308 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
b. Magnetic Particle
on page 123
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
21. STEEL JOISTS AND TRUSSES:
PAGE 309 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
a. Verify size, type and grade for all chord
and web members as well as connectors and
on page 123
weld filler material; verify joist profile,
dimensions and camber (if applicable); verify
(STMF) on page 154
all weld locations, lengths and profiles; mark
or tag each joist.
22. SPRAY APPLIED FIRE-PROOFING:
a. Examine structural steel surface
conditions, inspect application, take samples, 2.3.4.1.1 Beams on page 122
measure thickness, and verify compliance of 2.3.4.1.1.2 Steel Joists/Joist Girders/Trusses
all aspects of application with DSA approved
on page 123
documents.
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
b. Test bond strength.
on page 123
PAGE 310 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
c. Test density.
on page 123
page 151
on page 154
page 154
(STMF) on page 154
(SCBF) on page 155
(OCBF) on page 156
page 156
PAGE 311 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 103 Section
(BRBF) on page 156
page 156
156
23. OTHER STEEL:
manual.
WOOD
24. PREFABRICATED WOOD
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS:
a. Inspect fabrication of structural glued2.3.3 Wood on page 96
laminated timber.
b. Inspect fabrication of manufactured open- 2.3.3 Wood on page 96
web trusses.
25. OTHER WOOD:
manual.
OTHER
27. SKYLIGHT LOAD TEST

manual.
Table A0-1: DSA 103 Correlation Matrix
PAGE 312 OF 329

STATE OF CALIFORNIA
APPENDIX B REFERENCED DSA FORMS
PAGE 313 OF 329

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STATE OF CALIFORNIA

DSA 152 Manual

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What is the purpose of the Project Inspection Card?

What is the purpose of the Project Inspection Card?

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What documents are required prior to construction?

DSA 152 INSPECTION CARD MANUAL

A GUIDE FOR COMPLETING THE

DIVISION OF THE STATE ARCHITECT

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

1.3 Proprietary Products ..................................................................................... 40

2 STRUCTURAL SAFETY INSPECTION ITEMS ................................ 43

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

2.2 Foundation Systems ..................................................................................... 62

2.2.2 Deep Foundations ....................................................................................... 64

2.2.2.2 Cast-In-Place Deep Foundations (Piers) .................................................. 69

2.3 Gravity Framing Systems ............................................................................. 74

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

2.3.1.5 Concrete Columns ................................................................................... 87

2.3.1.6 Concrete Beams ...................................................................................... 87

2.3.1.7 Concrete Floor/Roof ................................................................................. 88

2.3.2 Masonry ....................................................................................................... 89

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

2.3.4.2 Cold Formed Steel ................................................................................. 125

2.4 Lateral Force Resisting Systems .............................................................. 140

2.4.4 Steel ........................................................................................................... 148

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

2.4.4.2 Cold Formed Steel Light Frame Construction ......................................... 156

2.5 Non-Structural Component Support/Bracing/Anchorage ..................... 159

2.5.2.2 Floors .................................................................................................... 164

2.5.2.3 Ceilings ................................................................................................. 164

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

2.5.2.4 Roofs ..................................................................................................... 167

2.6 Non-Structural Requirements .................................................................... 169

2.7 Specialty Structures and Items ................................................................. 174

2.7.3.3 Reviews Stands, Grandstands, and Bleachers ....................................... 177

3 FIRE/LIFE SAFETY INSPECTION ITEMS ..................................... 178

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

3.3.5.5 Penetrations of Assemblies .................................................................... 204

3.4 Hazardous Materials.................................................................................... 210

Fire/Smoke Protection of Means of Egress ........................................... 212

4 ACCESS COMPLIANCE INSPECTION ITEMS ............................. 216

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

5 OTHER BUILDING COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS .................... 236

5.5 Signal............................................................................................................. 267

APPENDIX A DSA 103 CORRELATION MATRIX ......................... 268

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

DIVISION OF THE STATE ARCHITECT

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

DIVISION OF THE STATE ARCHITECT

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

DIVISION OF THE STATE ARCHITECT

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

DIVISION OF THE STATE ARCHITECT

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SERVICES

Section 1 Initial Site Work and Foundation Prep