HOLIDAYS HOMEWORK OF

CHEMISTRY
BY-

Sabreesh

NAME CLASS

11th A

ROLL NO.

Bhatt

10

Questions
Q.1 - distinguish between a photon and a quantum?
Ans - A quantum is a bundle of energy of a definite magnitude and it may be
from any source. however a photon is a quantum of energy associated with
light only.
Q.2 what type of metals are used in photoelectric cells? give one example.
Ans the metals with low ionization enthalpies are used in photoelectric cells.
ceasium is the most commonly used metal.
Q.3 in summer we are advised not to wear black clothes. Assign reasons.
Ans we know that black bodies are good absorbers and they absorb all the
radiations which are falling on them .Thus ,if one wears black clothes, he/she
is more likely to fell more hot in summer.
Q.4 can a moving cricket ball can have wave character?
Ans according to the de broglies equation, the mass of the cricket ball is
sufficiently large. Therefore its wavelength will be very short and it will not be

possible to measure the same. thus, a moving cricket ball cannot have a wave
character.
Q.5 what is the significance of the de Broglie relationship?
Ans the de Broglie relationship regarding the dual nature of matter is
applicable only to the moving microscopic particles. For semi-micro and macro
particles, the particle character is very large and the wave character is very
small. In other words, the wavelength associated with such particles is so
small that it cannot e measured by any of the available methods.
Q.6 the two electrons in the 1s orbital of helium have antiparallel spin. Why
do not they have parallel spin?
Ans two electrons present in the same orbital cannot have parallel spin
since they will tend to repel each other. The inter electronic repulsion will be
high leading to increase in the energy of the atom and decrease in the
stability.
Q.7 when is the energy of electron regarded as zero?
Ans the energy of the electron is regarded as zero when it is at infinite
distance from the nucleus. At that point , the forces of interaction between the
electron and the nucleus are almost nil. Therefore, its energy is regarded as
zero.
Q.8 why can 2p subshell accommodate more electrons than 2s sub shell?
Ans 2s subshell has only one orbitals while 2p subshell has 3 orbitals .since
an orbital can have a maximum of two electrons this means that 2p subshell
with three orbitals can have maximum of 6 electrons while 2s subshell having
1 orbital can have a maximum of only 2 electrons.
Q.9 what is the difference between the notations l and L?
Ans l signifies the secondary quantum number and the notation L signifies
the second energy level.

Q.10 what will be the maimum number of electrons having the same spin
in an atom with n+l=4?
Ans in an atom both 4s and 3p orbitals have n+l=4. Since four orbitals are
involved , they can have maximum of eight electrons. Out of these half of
these electrons can have the same spin.
Q.11 why we do not see a car moving as a wave on the road?
Ans according to de Broglie equation wavelength is inversely proportional to
the mass of the body. The mass of car is very large and its wavelength or
wavecharacter is negligible. That is why we cannot see a car moving like a
wave.
Q.12 what is the deviation from the aufbaus principle in the case of
electronic configuration of La?
Ans the electronic configuration of La is [Xe] 5d 1 6d2. It deviates from the
aufbaus principle in the sense that the electron enters 5d orbital in
preference of 4f orbital which is of lower energy.
Q.13 why ae 2d and 3f orbitals not possible?
Ans for n=2, the permitted values of l are 0 and 1. This means that the
secondary shell has only s and p orbitals and no d orbitals are present.
Similarly for n=3, the permissible values of l are 0,1and 2. Thus only s,p and d
orbitals are permitted and no f orbital is present in the third shell.
Q.14 why does the spitting of the spectral lines occur when the source of
spectrum is placed in a magnetic field?
Ans the splitting of spectral lines also known as Zeeman effect is an account
of the reason that each sub shell has a number of orbitals. They acquire
different orientations when the source giving the spectrum is place under the
influence of a strong magnetic field. These orientations correspond to different
spectral lines.

Q.15 find the total number of electrons in a molecule of phosphoric acid ?

Ans atomic no. of P=15; O=8 and H=1.
A molecule of H3PO4= 3H atoms + 1P atom + 4 O atoms
Therefore total number of electrons present =3*1 + 1*15 + 4*8 = 50
electrons
Q.16 the two extra nuclear electrons in the 1s orbital of He atom have anti
parallel spins and not parallel spins.explain whay?
Ans the 2 electrons present in an orbital have anti-parallel spins in order to
minimize the force of repulsion between them. In case, they have parallel
spins, the force of repulsion in them will be quite high. This will lead to the
unstability of the atom.
Q.17 is de Broglie equation only applicable to the electrons?
Ans no, the de Broglie equation is applicable to all microscopic particles.
Q.18 why do two electrons in an orbital have opposite spin?
Ans the two electrons have opposite spin because the electrons with parallel
or same spin will repel each other .
Q.19 how do px , py , pz atomic orbitals differ?
Ans these atomic orbitals differ in their orientationsin space as they have
different values of magnetic quantum numbers(-1,0,+1).
Q.20 which experimental evidence supports the wave character of electron?
Ans the experiment by davisson and germer based on electron diffraction
rings.

MCQs
1.All of the following were theorized by Bohr in his description of the atom
except
A
.

Angular momentum of
electrons in multiples of h/2?

B.

Electrons revolve in discrete

circular orbits

C.

Energy of each electron is

directly proportional to n2

D.

Electrons radiate energy

continuously in a given orbit.

Answer: Option D

2. The letters s p d and f are used to represent which quantum numbers

A
.

Principal

B.

Azimuthal

C.

Magnetic

D.

Spin

Answer: Option B

3. The magnetic quantum number (QN) has its values determined directly by
the value of
A
.

Principal (QN)

B.

Azimuthal (QN)

C.

Spin (QN)

D.

Both a & b

Answer: Option B

4. The atomic number of an element having maximum number of unpaired

electrons in p-subshell is
A
.

B.

10

C.

12

D.

16

Answer: Option A

5. The maximum number of electron in a sub shell with ? = 3fs

A
.

B.

10

C.

14

D.

18

Answer: Option C

6. Radius of the third shell of H-atom is

A
.

5.761 A?

B.

4.761 A?

C.

6.671 A?

D.

3.716 A?

Answer: Option B

7. When an atom absorbs energy the lines in the spectrum will appear which
are
A
.

Brighter

B.

Darker

C.

Colourless

D.

Hard to locate

Answer: Option B

8. Colour of fluorescene produced by cathode rays depends upon

A
.

Temperature

B.

Pressure

C.

Volume

D.

Composition of glass

Answer: Option D

9. Which one is not true about cathode rays?

A

9.11x10-31 Kg

B.

Cast shadow

.
C.

Heat up the platinum foil

D.

Cannot ionize

B.

By cooling of the gas

D.

From anode like cathode rays

produced from cathode

Answer: Option D

10 Positive rays are produced

.
A
By burning of gas
.
C.

By the bombardment of
cathode rays on gas molecules

Answer: Option C

11 A fast moving neutron can eject from nitrogen

.
A
? = rays
B. ? = rays
.
C.

? = rays

D.

electrons

Answer: Option B

12 Rutherfords planet like structure was defective and unsatisfactory because

.
A Moving e- accelerate towards
B. Continuous spectrum
.
the nucleus
C.

behavior of electron remain

unexplained

Answer: Option D

D.

all

13 The relationship between energy of a photon of light and its frequency is

. given by
A
.

de-Broglie duel nature of

matter

B.

Bohrs model

C.

Plancks Quantum theory

D.

Rutherfords atomic model

Answer: Option C

14 Splitting of spectral lines when atom is subjected to magnetic field is called

.
A
Zeemans effect
B. Starks effect
.
C.

Photo electric effect

D.

Compton effect

B.

Depends upon source

D.

Equals to the square of

amplitude

Answer: Option A

15 The velocity of the photon

.
A
Is independent of wavelength
.
C.

Depends upon its frequency

Answer: Option A

16 Which one of the following explain the shape of orbitals

A
.

Principal of quantum number

B.

Azimuthal quantum number

C.

Magnetic quantum number

D.

Spin quantum number

Answer: Option B

17 Atom cannot be divided into simple unitstheorized by

.
A
Rutherford
B. Dalton
.
C.

Bohr

D.

Schrodinger

Answer: Option B

18 Pressure in gas discharge tube was kept

.
A
10 torr
B.
.
C.

0.1 torr

D.

1 torr
0.01 torr

Answer: Option D

19 The number of fundamental particles in an atom of the lightest isotope

. carbon are
A
.

B.

12

C.

18

D.

20

Answer: Option C

20 Angle of deflection was studied by

.
A
Hitorff
.
C.

William Crookes

B.

Stoney

D.

J.Perrin

Answer: Option D

21 Increase in atomic number is observed during

.
A
Alpha emission
B. Beta emission
.
C.

Both a & b

D.

Radioactivity

B.

AgCl plate

D.

ZnS

Answer: Option B

22 Positive rays give flash on

.
A
AgNO3 plate
.
C.

ZnO

Answer: Option D

23 Free neutron changes into proton with the emission of

A
.

Neutrino

B.

Electron

C.

Both a & b

D.

Meson

B.

1.7588 x 1020 C/kg

D.

1.7588 x 1011 C/kg

B.

Millikan

D.

Perrin

Answer: Option C

24 The value of e/m ratio of electron is

.
A
6.02 x 1023 C/kg
.
C.

9.1095 x 10-31 C/kg

Answer: Option D

25 Charge of electron was measured by

.
A
J.J Thomson
.
C.

Rutherford

Answer: Option B

26 Rutherford bombarded ______________ particles in discovery of nucleus

.
A
Gamma-rays
B. Alpha-rays
.
C.

Beta-rays

D.

X-rays

Answer: Option B

27 Planks theory says energy is emitted

.
A
In continuous manner
.
C.

Simultaneously

B.

Discontinuous manner

D.

In the form of heat

B.

nk2/2?

D.

nh/2?

Answer: Option B

28 Angular momentum of an electron

.
A
n2h/2?
.
C.

nh/4?

Answer: Option D

29 2nd orbit is _______ away from nucleus of H-atom as compared to 1st orbit
. is
A
.

2-times

B.

3-times

C.

4-times

D.

6 times

Answer: Option C

30 The maximum number of orbitals present in a subshell that is represented

. by Azimuthal quantum number = 3 will be
A
.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option D