5126

TM 05538/10012-10A/1
U.S. MARINE CORPS TECHNICAL MANUAL

OPERATOR'S MANUAL
W/COMPONENTS LIST
RIFLE, 5.56MM, M16A2 W/E, NSN 1005-01-128-9936
RIFLE, 5.56MM, M16A4 W/E, NSN 1005-01-357-2872
CARBINE, 5.56MM, M4 W/E, NSN 1005-01-231-0973
CARBINE, 5.56MM, M4A1 W/E, NSN 1005-01-382-0953
DISTRIBUTION D: DISTRIBUTION AUTHORIZED TO DOD

AND DOD CONTRACTORS ONLY; PUBLICATION IS NOT
TO BE RELEASED TO NON-DOD COMPONENTS. OTHER
REQUESTS FOR THIS PUBLICATION MUST BE REFERRED
TO: COMMANDER, MARINE CORPS SYSTEMS COMMAND
(PGD-13) QUANTICO, VA 22134-6050.
DESTRUCTION NOTICE: DESTROY BY ANY METHOD
THAT WOULD PREVENT DISCLOSURE OF CONTENTS OR
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE DOCUMENTS.
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
NOV 2004
PCN 18405538000
"MY RIFLE"
The creed of a United States Marine
by
Maj. Gen. W.H. Rupertus, USMC
This is my rifle. There are many like it, but this one is mine.
My rifle is my best friend. It is my life. I must master it as I
master my life.
My rifle, without me is useless. Without my rifle, I am
useless. I must fire my rifle true. I must shoot straighter than
my enemy who is trying to kill me. I must shoot him before
he shoots me. I will...
My rifle and myself know that what counts in this war is not
the rounds we fire, the noise of our burst, nor the smoke we
make. We know that it is the hits that count. We will hit...
My rifle is human, even as I, because it is my life. Thus, I
will learn it as a brother. I will learn its weaknesses, its
strength, its parts, its accessories, its sights, and its barrel. I
will ever guard it against the ravages of weather and
damage. I will keep my rifle clean and ready, even as I am
clean and ready. We will become part of each other. We
will...
Before God I swear this creed. My rifle and myself are the
defenders of my country. We are the masters of our enemy.
We are the saviors of my life.
So be it, until victory is America's and there is no enemy,
but Peace!
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES
NOTE: The portion of the text affected

by the changes is indicated by a vertical
line in the outer margins of the page.
Changes to illustrations are indicated by
miniature pointing hands. Changes to
wiring diagrams are indicated by
shaded areas.
Dates of issue for original and changed pages are:
Original .......... 0
Nov 04
TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS PUBLICATION IS 196,

CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING:
Page No.*Change No.
Page No.*Change No.
Title ......................... 0
A ............................. 0
B Blank ................... 0
i - xxi ....................... 0
xxii Blank ................. 0
1-1 - 1-14 .................. 0
2-1 - 2-44 .................. 0
3-1 - 3-74 .................. 0
4-1 4-5 ................... 0

4-6 Blank .................. 0
A-1............................ 0
A-2 Blank ................. 0
B-1 - B-21................. 0
B-22 Blank ............... 0
C-1 - C-3................... 0
C-4 Blank ................. 0
*Zero in this column indicates an original page.
A/(B blank)
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
CHANGE RECORD
Change
No.
Date
Title of Brief
Description
Entered By
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS......................................... viii
LIST OF TABLES........................................................... xii
SAFETY SUMMARY .................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I
GENERAL INFORMATION AND

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS................ 1-1
SECTION I.
INTRODUCTION.............................. 1-1
1-1. Scope........................................... 1-1
a. Type of Manual...................... 1-1
b. Equipment Name and Model
Number .................................. 1-1
c. Procedures ............................. 1-1
1-2. Maintenance Forms and
Procedures................................... 1-2
1-3. Corrosion Prevention and Control
(CPC) .......................................... 1-2
1-4. Destruction of Material to Prevent
Enemy Use .................................. 1-2
SECTION II.
EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION ........ 1-3

1-5. General Description .................... 1-3
1-6. Equipment Characteristics,
Capabilities and Features ............ 1-4
1-7. Location and Description of Major
Components ................................ 1-8
1-8. Rail Adapter System (RAS) and
Accessories................................ 1-10
a. General................................. 1-10
b. Rifle and Carbine................. 1-10
c. RAS Handguard Sections .... 1-11
1-9. M4A1 CQBW Carbine Quick
Attach / Detach (QD) Sound
Suppressor................................. 1-13
i
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page
CHAPTER 2
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS.......2-1
SECTION I.
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS....2-1

2-1. Operator Controls and Indicators.2-1
a. Right View .............................2-1
b. Left View ...............................2-4
2-2. Adjustable Front Sight Post .........2-7
2-3. Adjustable Rear Sight ..................2-8
2-4. Selector Lever..............................2-9
a. SAFE ......................................2-9
b. SEMI ......................................2-9
c. BURST.................................2-10
d. AUTO (CQBW only) ...........2-10
SECTION II.
OPERATING PROCEDURES........2-11
2-5. Loading Magazine .....................2-11
a. Using Magazine Filler ..........2-12
b. Loading for Semi-Auto Fire and
Chambering a Round............2-13
c. Loading for a Three-Round Burst
and Chambering a Round .....2-15
2-6. M16A4 / M16A2 Rifle and M4 /
M4Al CQBW Carbine (36 yard)
Zeroing.......................................2-17
2-7. M16A4 Rifle and M4A1 CQBW
Carbine Zeroing Procedures for a
300 Yard Battle Sight Zero........2-19
2-8. Special Infrared Aiming Light
Zeroing Considerations..............2-25
2-9. Clearing Weapon .......................2-27
2-10. Field Firing Techniques .............2-30
2-11. Additional Information for
Weapon Sights ...........................2-33
2-12. Immediate Action ......................2-34
ii
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Page
2-13. Remedial Action........................ 2-36
2-14. Bullet Stuck In Bore.................. 2-38
2-15. Operations Under Unusual
Conditions ................................. 2-38
a. Extreme Cold Climate Arctic ................................... 2-38
b. Hot, Wet Climate - Jungle ... 2-40
c. Hot, Dry Climate - Desert.... 2-41
d. Heavy Rain and Fording
Operations - All Climates .... 2-42
e. Nuclear, Biological and
Chemical (NBC) .................. 2-43
f. After Fording ....................... 2-43
CHAPTER 3
SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE ..... 3-1
SECTION I.
INTRODUCTION.............................. 3-1
3-1. General ........................................ 3-1
SECTION II.
DISASSEMBLY AND
REASSEMBLY .................................. 3-2
3-2. Upper Receiver Disassembly ...... 3-2
a. Clear the Weapon .................. 3-2
b. Remove the Sling................... 3-2
c. Remove Handguards
(M16A2) ................................ 3-2
d. Separate Upper and Lower
Receiver ................................. 3-4
e. Remove Carrying Handle
Assembly (M16A4, M4, and
M4A1 CQBW)....................... 3-6
f. Charging Handle and Bolt
Carrier Disassembly............... 3-7
iii
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Page
3-3. Bolt Carrier Disassembly.............3-8
a. Firing Pin Removal ................3-8
b. Extractor Removal................3-11
3-4. Lower Receiver Disassembly ....3-13
a. Buffer Assembly Removal ...3-13
b. Buttstock Removal
Carbine Only ........................3-14
3-5. Lower Receiver Reassembly .....3-15
3-6. Bolt Carrier Reassembly............3-16
3-7. Upper Receiver Reassembly......3-20
3-8. Magazine....................................3-25
a. Disassembly .........................3-25
b. Inspection .............................3-27
c. Assembly..............................3-27
3-9. Rail Adapter Systems (RAS) .....3-29
a. Disassembly of Handguards
for Rifle and Carbine............3-29
b. Inspection .............................3-30
c. Assembly..............................3-31
3-10. RAS Accessory Mounting
Procedures .................................3-33
a. Numbered Recoil Grooves ...3-33
b. RAS ......................................3-33
c. Standard Sling Adapter ........3-33
3-11. Compensator..............................3-34
3-12. M15A2 / M23 Blank Firing
Attachment (BFA) .....................3-35
3-13. Quick Attach / Detach (QD)
Sound Suppressor ......................3-36
a. Disassembly .........................3-37
b. Inspection .............................3-38
c. Assembly..............................3-38
3-14. M4 / Model QD Sound
Suppressor Maintenance ............3-40
iv
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Page
3-15. M4 / Model QD Sound
Suppressor Cleaning.................. 3-40
3-16. QD Sound Suppressor
Lubrication ................................ 3-41
3-17. M203 Grenade Launcher /
M16A4 Rifle / M4A1 CQBW
Operational Notes...................... 3-42
3-18. EO Tech Sight........................... 3-43
a. Disassembly......................... 3-43
b. Inspection............................. 3-44
c. Assembly ............................. 3-44
3-19. Visible Light Illuminator
(VLI) ......................................... 3-44
a. Assembly ............................. 3-44
b. Inspection............................. 3-45
c. Disassembly......................... 3-45
SECTION III.
SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE
SERVICES........................................ 3-46
3-20. General Cleaning Information... 3-46
3-21. Field Expedient Cleaning .......... 3-48
3-22. Detailed Cleaning Techniques .. 3-49
3-23. Thorough Cleaning.................... 3-51
a. Upper Receiver .................... 3-51
b. Bolt Carrier Group............... 3-54
c. Ejector.................................. 3-56
d. Carrier Key .......................... 3-58
e. Lower Receiver Group......... 3-58
f. Handguard ........................... 3-59
g. Front Sight ........................... 3-59
h. Compensator........................ 3-59
i. Rear Sight ............................ 3-59
3-24. Inspect Before Lubricating........ 3-59
a. Bolt ...................................... 3-59
b. Firing Pin Retaining Pin ...... 3-59
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Page
c. Cam Pin................................3-59
d. Firing Pin..............................3-60
e. Extractor and Extractor
Spring ...................................3-60
3-25. CLP Cleaner, Lubricant and
Preservative ...............................3-60
3-26. Lubrication.................................3-61
a. Upper Receiver.....................3-61
b. M4A1 CQBW/ M16A4
Upper Receiver and
Carrying Handle ...................3-62
c. Bolt Carrier Group ...............3-64
d. Lower Receiver Group .........3-65
e. Adjustable Rear Sight...........3-66
3-27. After Lubrication of Rear
Sight...........................................3-67
3-28. Lubrication After Amphibious
Operations..................................3-68
3-29. Preventive Maintenance Checks
and Services...............................3-68
a. General .................................3-68
b. Explanation of PMCS Table
Columns and Entries ............3-68
c. Other Table Entries ..............3-69
CHAPTER 4
TROUBLESHOOTING.....................4-1
4-1. Malfunctions................................4-1
APPENDIX A
REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS .....A-1

A-1.
A-2.
A-3.
A-4.
A-5.
vi
Scope .......................................... A-1

Marine Corps Orders .................. A-1
Technical Manuals...................... A-1
Forms .......................................... A-1
Military Standards ......................A-1
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Page
APPENDIX B
LISTS OF COMPONENTS ..............B-1

B-1. Scope...........................................B-1
B-2. Explanation of Columns..............B-1
a. Item Number (Column 1) ......B-1
b. Stock Number (Column 2).....B-1
c. Reference Designator /
Figure-Key (Column 3) .........B-1
d. Item Identification / Model
(Column 4).............................B-2
e. Unit of Measure (Column 5)..B-2
f. Quantity Used in Unit
(Column 6).............................B-2
B-3. Support Supply Categories..........B-2
a. Supply System
Responsibility ........................B-2
b. Collateral Material .................B-2
c. Using Unit Responsibility......B-2
B-4. 5th Echelon Rehabilitation
Program.......................................B-3
B-5. Request for Additional Copies ....B-3
B-6. Special Notes...............................B-3
a. Rifle, 5.56mm, M16A2..........B-3
b. Rifle, 5.56mm, M16A4..........B-3
c. Carbine, 5.56mm, M4 ............B-3
d. Carbine, 5.56mm, M4A1 .......B-4
e. Maintenance Forms
and Records ...........................B-4
APPENDIX C
AMMUNITION..................................C-1
C-1. Using Tracer Ammunition ..........C-1
C-2. Changing Magazines...................C-1
C-3. 5.56mm Ammunition ..................C-2
vii
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure
1-1.
1-2.
1-3.
1-4.
1-5.
1-6.
1-7.
1-8.
1-9.
2-1.
2-2.
2-3.
2-4.
2-5.
2-6.
2-7.
2-8.
2-9.
2-10.
2-11.
2-12.
2-13.
2-14.
2-15.
2-16.
2-17.
2-18.
2-19.
2-20.
2-21.
2-22.
2-23.
2-24.
viii
Title
Page
Major Components M16A2 .............................1-9

M16A4 with Removable Carrying Handle .........1-9
M4 / M4A1 with Collapsing Buttstock and
with Removable Carrying Handle.......................1-9
Rail Adapters - M16A2 / M16A4 Rifle ............1-10
Rail Adapters M4 / M4A1 CQBW Carbine ...1-11
Handguards .......................................................1-11
Installation of Handguard Sections to RAS ......1-12
QD Sound Suppressor.......................................1-13
Compensators....................................................1-14
M16A2 - Right View ..........................................2-3
M16A2 - Left View ............................................2-5
M4 / M4A1 CQBW Collapsible Buttstock
Assembly ............................................................2-6
Cleaning Kit Storage Area ..................................2-6
Adjustable Front Sight Post ................................2-7
Adjustable Rear Sight .........................................2-8
Selector Lever - SAFE ........................................2-9
Selector Lever - SEMI ........................................2-9
Selector Lever - BURST...................................2-10
M4A1 CQBW Only - Selector Lever - AUTO .2-10
Stripper Clip and Magazine Filler.....................2-11
Loading Magazine with Stripper Clip...............2-12
Seating the Magazine........................................2-13
Bolt Catch .........................................................2-14
Forward Assist ..................................................2-14
Push Charging Handle Forward........................2-16
Bullet Trajectory ...............................................2-18
Normal Range Aperture....................................2-19
Index Line.........................................................2-20
BZO Target.......................................................2-22
Windage Knob ..................................................2-23
Selector Lever - SAFE ......................................2-27
Magazine Removal ...........................................2-28
Locking Bolt Open............................................2-28
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (Continued)
Figure
2-25.
2-26.
2-27.
2-28.
2-29.
2-30.
2-31.
2-32.
2-33.
2-34.
2-35.
2-36.
2-37.
2-38.
2-39.
2-40.
3-1.
3-2.
3-3.
3-4.
3-5.
3-6.
3-7.
3-8.
3-9.
3-10.
3-11.
3-12.
3-13.
3-14.
3-15.
3-16.
3-17.
Title
Page
Checking Chamber for Ammunition ................ 2-29

Upper Bolt Catch.............................................. 2-29
Normal Range Aperture ................................... 2-30
Elevation Knob................................................. 2-31
Front Sight Post................................................ 2-31
Short Range Aperture....................................... 2-32
Seating Magazine ............................................. 2-34
Pull Charging Handle Back.............................. 2-35
Forward Assist.................................................. 2-35
Magazine Release............................................. 2-36
Lock Bolt.......................................................... 2-37
Tapping Cartridge Case from Chamber ........... 2-37
Depressing Trigger Guard Plunger and
Open Trigger Guard ......................................... 2-39
Removing Muzzle Cap..................................... 2-43
Pull Charging Handle ....................................... 2-44
Clearing Drain Hole ......................................... 2-44
Removing Handguards Using the
Buddy System................................................. 3-3
Takedown Pin..................................................... 3-4
Receiver Pivot Pin.............................................. 3-5
Upper and Lower Receiver................................. 3-5
Clamping Bar and Carrying Handle
Assembly............................................................ 3-6
Charging Handle and Bolt Carrier Removal ...... 3-7
Bolt Carrier and Bolt .......................................... 3-7
Charging Handle Removal ................................. 3-8
Firing Pin Retaining Pin Removal...................... 3-8
Bolt Assembly to Locked Position ..................... 3-9
Removing Firing Pin from Bolt Carrier ............. 3-9
Bolt Cam Pin Removal..................................... 3-10
Bolt Assembly Removal................................... 3-10
Checking Spring Function................................ 3-11
Extractor Removal............................................ 3-12
Buffer Assembly .............................................. 3-13
Buffer and Action Spring ................................. 3-13
ix
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure
3-18.
3-19.
3-20.
3-21.
3-22.
3-23.
3-24.
3-25.
3-26.
3-27.
3-28.
3-29.
3-30.
3-31.
3-32.
3-33.
3-34.
3-35.
3-36.
3-37.
3-38.
3-39.
3-40.
3-41.
3-42.
3-43.
3-44.
3-45.
3-46.
3-47.
3-48.
3-49.
3-50.
3-51.
3-52.
x
Title
Page
M4 / M4A1 CQBW Buttstock Assembly .........3-14

Reinstalling Buttstock Assembly ......................3-15
Extractor and Rubber Insert ..............................3-16
Ring Gaps .........................................................3-17
Bolt into Carrier ................................................3-17
Seat Firing Pin ..................................................3-18
Bolt in Forward Position...................................3-19
Install Firing Pin Retaining Pin.........................3-19
Charging Handle ...............................................3-20
Bolt Carrier Group ............................................3-20
Charging Handle and Bolt Carrier Group .........3-21
Join Upper and Lower Receivers ......................3-21
Engage Receiver Pivot Pin................................3-22
Apply Handguards Using the "Buddy
System" .............................................................3-23
Release Magazine Base Catch ..........................3-25
Magazine Base Removal...................................3-26
Magazine Spring and Follower .........................3-26
Insert Spring and Follower into Magazine........3-27
Replacing Magazine Base.................................3-28
Handguards .......................................................3-29
Upper Handguard Sections ...............................3-30
Lower RAS Assembly ......................................3-31
Standard Side Sling Adapter .............................3-34
5.56mm Compensator .......................................3-34
M15A2 Blank Firing Attachment (BFA)..........3-35
Compensator with M15A2 BFA .......................3-35
M15A2 BFA Attached to Compensator............3-36
QD Suppressor Locking Latch..........................3-37
QD Suppressor Mounted to Compensator ........3-38
QD Suppressor Latch Plate ...............................3-39
EO Tech Sight Left View ..............................3-43
EO Tech Sight Right View .............................3-44
Mounting Visible Light Illuminator..................3-45
Standard Cleaning Kit.......................................3-47
Bolt Carrier Group ............................................3-48
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure
3-53.
3-54.
3-55.
3-56.
3-57.
3-58.
3-59.
3-60.
3-61.
3-62.
3-63.
3-64.
3-65.
3-66.
3-67.
3-68.
3-69.
3-70.
B-1.
B-2.
B-3.
B-4.
C-1.
C-2.
Title
Page
Swabbing Weapon............................................ 3-50

Locking Lugs and Gas Tube ............................ 3-52
Cleaning Chamber and Locking Lugs.............. 3-53
Carrier Key....................................................... 3-54
Cleaning the Firing Pin Hole............................ 3-55
Locking Lugs and Extractor Lip....................... 3-55
Bolt Rings......................................................... 3-56
Ejector Cleaning............................................... 3-56
Lubricate Ejector .............................................. 3-57
Lubricate Carrier Key....................................... 3-58
Lubricant Guide................................................ 3-61
Lubricate Front Sight ....................................... 3-62
Lubricate Carrying Handle............................... 3-63
Apply CLP to Carrier Key................................ 3-64
Lubricate Bolt Carrier Group ........................... 3-65
Lubricate Slide and Bolt Carrier....................... 3-65
Lubricate Lower Receiver Extension Parts ...... 3-66
Lubricate Adjustable Rear Sight ...................... 3-66
Standard Cleaning Kit ........................................B-5
Magazine and Sling............................................B-5
Otis Cleaning Kit................................................B-6
Handguard Sections............................................B-7
Tracer Ammunition ............................................C-1
Ammunition Examples.......................................C-2
xi
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
LIST OF TABLES
Table
1-1.
1-2.
1-3.
1-4.
2-1.
2-2.
2-3.
2-4.
3-1.
4-1.
B-1.
B-2.
xii
Title
Page
M16A2 Characteristics .......................................1-4

M16A4 Characteristics .......................................1-5
M4 Characteristics ..............................................1-6
M4A1 CQBW Characteristics ............................1-7
Additional Front Sight Elevation Changes .......2-23
Rear Sight Elevation Changes Per Click...........2-23
M16A4 Recommended IAL RAS Mounting
Positions............................................................2-26
M4 / M4A1 CQBW Recommended IAL RAS
Mounting Positions ...........................................2-26
Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services
(PMCS) .............................................................3-70
Troubleshooting ..................................................4-2
List of Components............................................ B-8
Inventory Sheet ................................................ B-15
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
SAFETY SUMMARY
WARNING
If the weapon is dropped or jarred with a loaded
magazine in place it could chamber a round.
(Page 2-13)
WARNING
Always assume every weapon is loaded until it
is verified through visual and physical
inspection that it is not. Refer to paragraph 2-9
for clearing procedures. (Page 2-15)
WARNING
Confirm the weapon is unloaded and on safe
before performing the following procedures.
(Pages 2-15, 2-27, 3-2, 3-29, 3-36, 3-38, 3-69)
WARNING
The weapon is now loaded. Ensure it is pointed in
a safe direction. (Page 2-16)
WARNING
If a noticeable difference in sound or recoil of the
weapon is experienced, stop firing. Either
condition could indicate an incomplete powder
burn and / or a bullet stuck in the bore. (Page
2-34)
xiii
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)
WARNING
Do not load with a hot chamber. (Page 2-35)
WARNING
If the weapon stops firing with a live round in the
chamber of a hot barrel, remove the round
immediately. If the round cannot be removed
within 10 seconds, remove magazine and wait 15
minutes with the rifle pointing in a safe direction.
This prevents the round from cooking off and
avoids possible injury. Keep the face away from
the ejection port while clearing a hot chamber.
(Page 2-36)
WARNING
Immediately cease fire if an audible popping
sound or reduced recoil is experienced during
firing. (Page 2-38)
WARNING
Do not apply immediate action. (Page 2-38)
WARNING
If the bullet is stuck in the barrel of the weapon,
do not attempt to remove it. Turn the weapon into
the armorer. (Page 2-38)
xiv
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
WARNING
Do not fire the weapon if water is present in
barrel. (Page 2-42)
WARNING
Do not switch bolts between weapons. (Page 3-17)
WARNING
Ensure the cam pin is installed in the bolt group.
If the cam pin is not installed, the weapon will
still fire and explode. (Page 3-18)
WARNING
Use only blank round M200 ammunition with the
BFA. (Page 3-35)
WARNING
The QD suppressor must only be used with the
M4A1 CQBW. (Page 3-36)
WARNING
The QD suppressor must only be used with the
quick detach compensator. (Page 3-36)
xv
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
WARNING
After use, the QD suppressor will be extremely
hot. To remove the QD suppressor while hot, use
a bayonet or other available tools to rotate the
retainer ring and disengage the QD latch plate.
Wear heat resistant gloves when handling hot
suppressors. (Pages 3-37, 3-40)
WARNING
Wear eye protection when operating the weapon
with the suppressor attached, especially if the
operator fires left handed or if water is placed in
the suppressor to help reduce first round muzzle
flash. (Page 3-39)
WARNING
Limit firing to semi-automatic or burst fire except
in emergencies. Do not subject the model QD
suppressor to more than 90 rounds of continuous
automatic fire. If the limit is reached, allow the
unit to cool before resuming fire, if the tactical
situation permits. Up to 15 rounds per minute of
continual fire is acceptable. Full automatic firing
will cause excessive fumes. (Page 3-39)
WARNING
Do not interchange bolts between weapons. (Page
3-59)
xvi
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
WARNING
Do not keep live ammunition near the work area.
(Page 3-69)
WARNING
Keep clear of muzzle. (Page 4-4)
WARNING
Do not fire seriously corroded ammunition,
dented cartridges, cartridges with loose bullets,
cartridges exposed to extreme heat (135) until
cooled, cartridges with bullet pushed in (short
rounds). (Page C-2)
WARNING
Turn in any damaged or overheated cartridges to
range NCO. (Page C-3)
WARNING
Use only authorized ammunition manufactured to
U.S. or NATO specifications. (Page C-3)
Never ride the charging handle. Allow it to

move forward on its own. (Page 2-15)
xvii
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
To prevent accidentally firing the weapon, use

care when inserting gloved fingers into trigger
guard area. (Page 2-38)
Do not use a screwdriver or any other tool when

removing the handguards. Damage to the
handguard and / or slip ring may result. (Page
3-2)
Disengage the pivot and takedown pins using

hand pressure only. Force other than hand
pressure may cause damage to the weapon and
replacement of the weapon would be required.
Push the pivot and takedown pins only far
enough to disengage the upper receiver and
lower receiver. (Page 3-4)
If the round nuts and the clamping bar are

inadvertently removed, the clamping bar must
be reinstalled on the threaded studs in a manner
not to protrude past the front of the carrying
handle. The round nuts should be reinstalled on
the threaded studs by an armorer only. (Pages
3-6, 3-24)
xviii
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Do not damage tip of tiring pin when pushing

out extractor pin. Refer to Figure 3-14. (Page
3-11)
Selector lever must be on SAFE or SEMI before

closing upper receiver. (Page 3-22)
Do not apply lubricant to the plastic surfaces of

the handguard sections. (Page 3-31)
Do not remove the thermal liner from the lower

RAS assembly. (Page 3-31)
Do not remove the compensator for any reason.

Armorers are not authorized to remove it for
cleaning purposes. (Page 3-34)
Do not use tools to tighten the BFA attachment;

hand tighten only. (Page 3-36)
xix
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Do not use wire brushes. (Page 3-41)
Do not allow CLP to flow down into the

suppressor body and contaminate the internal
baffle areas. CLP and other oily residues in the
suppressor body will cause excessive smoke
when the weapon is fired. (Page 3-41)
Do not mix lubricants on the same weapon. The

weapon must be thoroughly cleaned during
change from one lubricant to another. Dry
cleaning solvent (SD) is recommended for
cleaning during change from one lubricant to
another. (Page 3-46)
Do not bend or flex cleaning rod. Ensure the

swab goes completely through the compensator.
Do not reverse direction while swab is in bore or
compensator. (Page 3-49)
Do not interchange parts from one weapon with

another weapon. (Page 3-49)
xx
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Do not remove inner heat shield. (Pages 3-54,

3-59)
Do not dry clean the weapon. Do not use hot

water or other solvents to clean the weapon.
This will remove the Teflon lubricant built up
as a result of using CLP. If CLP is not used,
RBC may be used to remove carbon within the
bore. (Page 3-60)
Apply only a light coat of CLP to firing pin and

firing pin recess in bolt. (Page 3-64)
Do not use Q-tips to clean carrier key. (Page

3-64)
After round is removed, bolt is under tension.

(Page 4-4)
xxi/(xxii blank)
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION AND SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS
Section I. INTRODUCTION
1-1. SCOPE.
a. Type of Manual. This manual is provided for use in
the operation and operator maintenance of the
M16A2, M16A4 Rifle, M4 and M4A1 Close Quarter
Battle Weapon (CQBW Carbine).
b. Equipment Name and Model Number. The M16A4
is a modified M16A2. The M16A4, M4 and M4A1
CQBW weapons are configured with a flat-top upper
receiver and barrel assembly, a detachable carrying
handle and an integral rear aperture sight. The
M16A4 is equipped with the M5 Rail Adapter
System (RAS) which replaces the M16A2
handguards. The M4A1 CQBW is equipped with the
M4 Rail Adapter System which replaces the M4A1
CQBW Carbine's handguards. Both Rail Adapter
Systems provide four additional mounting rails for
the attachment of accessories to mission tailor the
weapons. The M16A4 and M4A1 CQBW will also
accommodate an M203 Quick Detach Mounting
Bracket.
c. Procedures. When a procedure is common to both
the M16 Rifle and M4 Carbine, only the M16
configuration will be depicted in this manual. If a
procedure is not common to both weapons, the
weapon for which the procedure is describing will be
identified. If the weapon is configured as either a
M16A4 or M4A1 CQBW, refer to the appropriate
manuals for operation and maintenance procedures of
their components.
1-1
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
1-2. MAINTENANCE FORMS AND PROCEDURES.
The Marine Corps forms and procedures used for equipment
maintenance will be those prescribed by the current edition
of TM 4700-15/1 (Ground Equipment Record Procedures).
1-3. CORROSION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
(CPC).
Corrosion prevention and control of materiel is a continuing
concern. While corrosion is typically associated with rusting
metal, it can also include deterioration of other items such
as contacts, injection molded plastic and foam inserts in the
case. Unusual cracking, softening, swelling or breaking of
these or other materials may be signs of corrosion problems.
Report corrosion problems on Standard Form 368, Product
Quality Deficiency Report (PQDR). Use keywords such as
corrosion, rust, deterioration or cracking to ensure the
information identifies a CPC problem.
1-4. DESTRUCTION OF MATERIAL TO PREVENT
ENEMY USE.
To render the equipment useless to the enemy, Marine
Corps personnel shall destroy it by weapons fire, smashing,
disassembly, burning or other means.
1-2
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Section II. EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION
1-5. GENERAL DESCRIPTION.
a. The weapons are lightweight, gas-operated, aircooled, magazine-fed, shoulder-fired weapons which
can be fired in full automatic, three-round bursts or
semi-automatic single shots.
b. The weapons have positive locking of the bolt. The
firing pin is part of the bolt and carrier assembly and
cannot strike the primer until the bolt is fully locked.
c. Other features of the weapons include:
(1) M4 and M4A1 CQBW Carbine Buttstocks. The
M4 and M4A1 CQBW carbine buttstocks have
four positions: closed, 1/2 open, 3/4 open and full
open.
(2) M4A1 CQBW. The M4A1 CQBW carbine is
fully automatic.
(3) Upper Receiver and Barrel Assembly. The upper
receiver and barrel assembly have a fully
adjustable rear sight and a compensator that helps
keep the muzzle down during firing.
(4) Upper and Lower Receivers. The upper and
lower receivers open easily for cleaning and
inspection.
(5) Bolt Group and Barrel Extension. The bolt group
and barrel extension are designed with locking
lugs that lock the bolt group to the barrel
extension.
(6) Aluminum Receiver. The aluminum receiver
reduces the weight of the rifle.
1-3
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(7) Bore and Chamber. The bore and chamber are
chrome-plated.
1-6. EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTICS,
CAPABILITIES AND FEATURES.
Table 1-1 lists characteristics, capabilities and features of
the M16A2.
Table 1-1. M16A2 Characteristics
M16A2
Caliber
5.56mm
Weight
with 30 round magazine - 8.79

pounds (approximately)
Length
with compensator - 39-5/8

inches
Mechanical Features
Rifling (RH 1/7 twist)

Muzzle Velocity - 3100 fps
Firing Characteristics
Chamber Pressure - 52,000 psi

Cyclic Rate of Fire - 800
rounds per minute
(approximately)
Max Effective Rates of

Fire
Semi - 45 rounds per minute

Burst - 90 rounds per minute
Sustained Rate of Fire
12 / 15 rounds per minute
Max Effective Range
601.48 yards (550 meters)

(individual/point targets)
(area targets)
Max Range
Fire Selector
SAFE
SEMI
3 ROUND BURST
1-4
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
the M61A4.
Table 1-2. M16A4 Characteristics
M16A4
Caliber
5.56mm
Weight
with 30 round magazine - 8.79

pounds (approximately)
Length
39-5/8 inches
Mechanical Features

Detachable Carrying Handle.
Integral Accessory Mounting
Rail Adapter System
Muzzle Velocity - 3100 fps
Cyclic Rate of Fire - 800

rounds per minute
(approximately)
Max Effective Rates of

Fire

Max Effective Range

(individual / point targets)
(area targets)
Max Range
Fire Selector
SAFE
SEMI
3 ROUND BURST
1-5
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
the M4 Carbine.
Table 1-3. M4 Characteristics
M4 Carbine
Caliber
5.56mm
Weight
with 30 rounds in magazine 7.5 pounds
Length
Buttstock closed - 29.75

inches
Buttstock opened - 33 inches
Mechanical Features

Rail
Muzzle Velocity - 2,970 fps
(approximately)

Cyclic Rate of Fire - 700-900
rounds per minute
(approximately)
Max Effective Rate of

Fire

Max Effective Range

(area targets)
Max Range
Fire Selector
SAFE
SEMI
3 ROUND BURST
1-6
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
the M4A1 CQBW.
Table 1-4. M4A1 CQBW Characteristics
M4A1 Carbine
Close Quarter Battle Weapon (CQBW)
Caliber
5.56mm
Weight
with 30 rounds in magazine 7.5 pounds
Length
Buttstock closed - 29.75

inches
Buttstock opened - 33 inches
Mechanical Features

Rail
Muzzle Velocity - 2,970 fps
(approximately)

Cyclic Rate of Fire - 700-900
rounds per minute
(approximately)
Max Effective Rate of

Fire

Max Effective Range

(area targets)
Max Range
Fire Selector
SAFE
SEMI
AUTO
1-7
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
1-7. LOCATIONS AND DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR
COMPONENTS (FIGURE 1-1).
a. Listed below are the major components and a brief
functional description.
(1) Upper Receiver and Barrel Assembly. The upper
receiver and barrel assembly provides support for
the bolt carrier assembly. The barrel chambers the
cartridge for firing and directs the projectile.
(2) Lower Receiver and Buttstock Assembly
(M16A2 and M16A4 only). The lower receiver
and buttstock assembly provides firing control for
the weapon and storage for basic cleaning
materials.
(3) Bolt and Carrier Assembly. The bolt and carrier
assembly provides stripping, chambering,
locking, firing, extraction and ejection of
cartridges using the drive springs and projectile
propelling gases for power.
(4) Charging Handle Assembly. The charging handle
assembly provides initial charging of the weapon.
The charging handle locks the handle in the
forward position during sustained fire to prevent
injury to the operator.
(5) Cartridge Magazine. The cartridge magazine
holds cartridges ready for feeding, provide a
guide for positioning cartridges for stripping and
provides quick reload capabilities for sustained
firing.
(6) Small Arms Sling. The small arms sling provides
the means for carrying the weapon.
b. For additional information, refer to Chapter 2 of this
manual.
1-8
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure 1-1. Major Components M16A2
Figure 1-2. M16A4 with Removable Carrying

Handle
Figure 1-3. M4 / M4A1 with Collapsing Buttstock and

with Removable Carrying Handle
1-9
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
1-8. RAIL ADAPTER SYSTEM (RAS) AND
ACCESSORIES.
a. General. The installation of the Rail Adapter System
(RAS) has no effect on the attachment or operation of
any current standard accessory. The RAS will not
affect the use of the Multiple Integrated Laser
Engagement System (MILES), the M7 and M9
bayonets, the M15A2 and M23 blank firing adapters,
the top carry sling adapter and standard sling. All are
mounted in the standard positions and operated in the
standard way. With the lower rail quadrant removed
(use the same manner as the standard lower
handguard), the 40mm M203 Grenade Launcher will
mount under the barrel in the standard location. The
M203 Grenade Launcher can be secured by the
M203 Quick Attach / Detach (QD) Grenade
Launcher Mount or the original factory mount.
b. Rifle or Carbine. The rifle and carbine rail adapter
system consists of the MIL-STD-M1913 rail adapter
and handguards. Refer to Figure 1-4 and Figure 1-5.
Figure 1-4. Rail Adapters - M16A2 / M16A4 Rifle
1-10
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure 1-5. Rail Adapters - M4 / M4A1 CQBW Carbine

c. RAS Handguard Sections.
(1) Handguard sections are quickly attached and
detached from the RAS. A spring latch at one end
of each handguard section automatically engages
cutouts positioned at either end of the four rail
sections. Refer to Figure 1-6.
Figure 1-6. Handguards

1-11
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) To cover the side and bottom quadrants, install
the handguard sections from the muzzle end of
the RAS. Refer to Figure 1-7.
Figure 1-7. Installation of Handguard Sections to RAS

(3) To cover the top rail quadrant, install the
handguard sections from the rear of the upper
receiver group.
(4) As the spring latch meets the cutouts at either end
of the rails, the latch will engage to secure the
cutouts. Several different lengths of handguard
sections are provided with the Basic Issue
Systems. Refer to the handguards by the number
of ribs along the outer surfaces, i.e., 11-rib, 9-rib,
6-rib, 5-rib, 4-rib and 2-rib.
1-12
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
THE HANDGUARD SECTIONS PERFORM TWO
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS. TO PROTECT HANDS
FROM DIRECT SKIN CONTACT WITH METAL
PARTS OF THE RAS, WHICH MAY BECOME HOT
DURING EXTENDED FIRING AND TO PROTECT
THE RAIL SURFACES FROM EXCESS WEAR AND
DAMAGE. THE HANDGUARDS SHOULD COVER
THE UNUSED SECTIONS OF EACH RAIL OF THE
RAS AT ALL TIMES.
1-9. M4A1 CQBW CARBINE QUICK ATTACH /
DETACH SOUND SUPPRESSOR.
(1) The QD suppressor provides a quick means to
muffle the weapon's muzzle blast, flash and noise
for enhanced operational security. The model QD
sound suppressor kit includes the QD suppressor
and a replacement compensator for M4A1
CQBW carbines. Refer to Figure 1-8.
Figure 1-8. QD Sound Suppressor
1-13
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) The QD muzzle compensator is identical to the
issue compensator, except for the addition of a
precision locking groove for securing the QD
suppressor. The provision of external carbon
cutting grooves and an alignment notch in the
front at the six o'clock position prevents improper
installation of the suppressor. Refer to Figure 1-9.
Figure 1-9. Compensators
1-14
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
CHAPTER 2
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Section I. CONTROLS AND INDICATORS
2-1. OPERATOR CONTROLS AND INDICATORS.
a. Right View. Refer to Figure 2-1.
(1) Elevation Knob. The elevation knob allows the
operator to adjust sights for range changes.
(2) Windage Knob. The windage knob allows the
operator to adjust / correct for effects of wind.
(3) Rear Sight Assembly. The rear sight assembly
contains short range (0-200m) and long range
(300+m) apertures and adjustment controls.
(4) Brass Deflector. The brass deflector prevents
ejected cartridge cases from striking the operator.
(5) Front Sight Post. The front sight post allows the
operator to adjust the strike of the bullet up and
down.
(6) Bayonet Lug. The bayonet lug allows attachment
of a bayonet to the weapon.
(7) Ejection Port Cover. The ejection port cover
closes over ejection port to prevent sand or dust
from entering the chamber. Cover should remain
closed when not firing the weapon.
(8) Magazine. The magazine contains up to 30
rounds of 5.56mm ammunition.
(9) Magazine Release Button. The magazine release
button allows the operator to release the magazine
and remove it from weapon.
2-1
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(10) Trigger. The trigger, when pulled, fires the

weapon.
(11) Forward Assist Assembly. Tap the forward assist
assembly to ensure the bolt is fully closed and
locked.
(12) Charging Handle. The charging handle allows the
operator to chamber a round and cock the
weapon.
2-2
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure 2-1. M16A2 - Right View
2-3
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
b. Left View. Refer to Figure 2-2.

(1) Compensator. The compensator prevents the
muzzle of the weapon from rising during firing.
(2) Carrying Handle. The carrying handle allows the
operator to carry the weapon.
(3) Bolt Catch. The bolt catch holds the bolt
assembly to the rear when the last round is fired.
2-4
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure 2-2. M16A2 - Left View
2-5
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(4) Buttstock Assembly. The buttstock assembly

houses the action spring, buffer assembly and
extension assembly. The M4 and M4A1 CQBW
have a collapsible buttstock. Refer to Figure 2-3.
Figure 2-3. M4 / M4A1 CQBW Collapsible

Buttstock Assembly
NOTE
THE BUTTSTOCK MAY BE USED FOR STORAGE
OF CLEANING GEAR. REFER TO FIGURE 2-4.
Figure 2-4. Cleaning Kit Storage Area

(5) Sling Swivel. The sling swivel allows the
attachment of the sling to the weapon.
2-6
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(6) Selector Lever. The selector lever allows the

operator to select the mode of fire and place
weapon on SAFE.
(7) Slip Ring. The slip ring holds the handguard in
place on the weapon.
2-2. ADJUSTABLE FRONT SIGHT POST.
The front sight post is moved up or down when zeroing the rear
sight. Once the rear sight is zeroed, the front sight post should
not be moved. Refer to Figure 2-5.
Figure 2-5. Adjustable Front Sight Post
2-7
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
2-3. ADJUSTABLE REAR SIGHT.

Short Range Aperture (0-200 yards) - The larger aperture is
used for 0-200 yards during low light and low visibility
conditions. The sight is set for 0-200 yards and the windage
knob is set for 300 yards. Refer to Figure 2-6.
Figure 2-6. Adjustable Rear Sight
2-8
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
2-4. SELECTOR LEVER.

a. SAFE. Weapon will not fire. Selector lever cannot
be on SAFE unless weapon is cocked. Always place
the selector lever on SAFE when loading and
unloading. Refer to Figure 2-7.
Figure 2-7. Selector lever - SAFE

b. SEMI. Weapon will fire one round each time the
trigger is pulled. Refer to Figure 2-8.
Figure 2-8. Selector lever - SEMI

2-9
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
c. BURST. Weapon will fire a three-round burst each

time the trigger is pulled. Refer to Figure 2-9.
Figure 2-9. Selector lever - BURST

d. AUTO (CQBW only). Carbine will continue to fire
as long as the trigger is pulled. Refer to Figure 2-10.
Figure 2-10. M4A1 CQBW Only - Selector lever AUTO

2-10
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Section II. OPERATING PROCEDURES

2-5. LOADING MAGAZINE.
NOTE
THE MAGAZINE MAY BE LOADED QUICKLY
USING THE MAGAZINE FILLER FOUND IN EACH
BANDOLEER OR A TEN-ROUND STRIPPER CLIP.
REFER TO FIGURE 2-11.
Figure 2-11. Stripper Clip and Magazine Filler
2-11
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
a. Using Magazine Filler.

(1) With the magazine filler in place, place a tenround stripper clip in position. Using thumb
pressure on the rear of the top cartridge, press
down firmly until all ten rounds are below the
feed lips of the magazine. Refer to Figure 2-12.
Figure 2-12. Loading Magazine with Stripper Clip

(2) Remove the empty stripper clip while holding the
magazine filler in place.
(3) Repeat steps until three rounds of clips are
loaded.
(4) Remove magazine filler and retain it for future
use.
2-12
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
WARNING
IF THE WEAPON IS DROPPED OR JARRED WITH A
LOADED MAGAZINE IN PLACE IT COULD
CHAMBER A ROUND.
b. Loading for Semi-Auto Fire and Chambering a

Round.
(1) With hammer cocked, place the selector lever on
SAFE. Point muzzle in a safe direction.
(2) Open the bolt, lock it to the rear and check the
chamber. Ensure the chamber is clear.
(3) Push upward until magazine catch engages and
holds the magazine.
(4) Tap upward on the magazine to ensure it is
properly seated. Refer to Figure 2-13.
Figure 2-13. Seating the Magazine

2-13
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
MAGAZINE MAY BE LOADED WITH THE BOLT
ASSEMBLY OPEN OR CLOSED.
(5) Depress upper portion of bolt catch. Bolt should
go forward. Refer to Figure 2-14.
Figure 2-14. Bolt Catch

(6) Tap the forward assist to ensure bolt is fully
forward and locked. Refer to Figure 2-15.
Figure 2-15. Forward Assist

2-14
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NEVER RIDE THE CHARGING HANDLE.

ALLOW IT TO MOVE FORWARD ON ITS OWN.
NOTE
CLOSE EJECTION PORT COVER IF THE WEAPON
IS NOT TO BE IMMEDIATELY FIRED.
c. Loading for a Three-Round Burst and Chambering a
Round. To guarantee a three-round burst the first
time the trigger is pulled, use the following
procedures:
WARNINGS
ALWAYS ASSUME EVERY WEAPON IS LOADED
UNTIL IT IS VERIFIED THROUGH VISUAL AND
PHYSICAL INSPECTION THAT IT IS NOT. REFER
TO PARAGRAPH 2-9 FOR CLEARING
PROCEDURES.
CONFIRM THE WEAPON IS UNLOADED AND ON
SAFE BEFORE PERFORMING THE FOLLOWING
PROCEDURES.
(1) Place the selector lever on BURST.
(2) Pull trigger and hold it to the rear.
(3) Pull charging handle to rear and let it go three
times.
(4) Pull charging handle to rear one more time; hold
it to the rear.
(5) Release the trigger.
2-15
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(6) Push in on the bottom portion of bolt catch,

locking the bolt to the rear.
(7) Slide the charging handle forward. Refer to
Figure 2-16.
Figure 2-16. Push Charging Handle Forward

(8) Place the selector lever on SAFE.
(9) Insert a loaded magazine. Push on the upper
portion of the bolt catch to allow the bolt to go
forward.
WARNING
THE WEAPON IS NOW LOADED. ENSURE IT IS
POINTED IN A SAFE DIRECTION.
(10) Placing the selector lever on BURST and pulling
the trigger will emit a three-round burst.
2-16
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
CLOSE THE EJECTION PORT COVER IF THE
WEAPON IS NOT TO BE IMMEDIATELY FIRED.
2-6. M16A4 / M16A2 RIFLE AND M4 / M4A1 CQBW
CARBINE (36 YARD) ZEROING.
NOTE
BZO IN THIS TM IS FOR M16A4 WITH IRON
SIGHTS ONLY. SEE APPROPRIATE TM WHEN
USING DIFFERENT SIGHT SYSTEMS.
a. Short range zeroing allows battle sight zero (BZO) to
be confirmed before firing at longer ranges (0-500
yards).
b. The operator should learn and understand the
following three important zeroing terms before
zeroing:
(1) Sight line is an imaginary straight line starting at
the operators eye, running through the sighting
system and down range to the target.
(2) Trajectory line is the path of the bullet as it
travels to the target. The line of trajectory is a
downward curving path, and is always affected
by gravity and sometimes wind as well.
(3) Bore line is an imaginary straight line running
through the center of the weapon's barrel. In the
M16A4 and M4A1 CQBW, the bore line also
represents the weapon's central axis.
c. When properly zeroed for longer ranges, the M16A4
sighting systems cause the bore line and the fired
bullet to angle upward overcoming the effects of
gravity. Most M16A4 sighting systems are oriented
2-17
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
several inches above the bore line. The curved

trajectory line (bullet path) cuts through the sight line
(or intersects it), in two locations. Refer to Figure 217.
Figure 2-17. Bullet Trajectory

The first intersection of sight line and bullet trajectory is at
short range and is a convenient location for short range zeroing.
The second intersection is the desired battle sight zero range
(point of aim / point of impact at 300 yards). Between the two
intersections, the trajectory line is above the sight line as
illustrated. If the distances above the sight line are known at
specific ranges, i.e., 100 or 200 yards, this data can be used to
verify a longer range zero. If possible, verify battle sight zero at
the actual ranges required.
2-18
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
2-7. M16A4 RIFLE AND M4A1 CQBW CARBINE

ZEROING PROCEDURES FOR A 300 YARD
BATTLE SIGHT ZERO.
a. Position a point of aim / point of impact bullseye type
target 36 yards from the firing line. A field expedient
target may be made from an ordinary piece of 8-1/2
inch by 11-inch paper with a 2 1/2-inch to 3-inch
black bullseye drawn in the middle.
b. Flip the rear sight aperture so the normal range
(smaller diameter) peep is up and ready to use.
Rotate the elevation knob in the DN (down) direction
counterclockwise until it stops moving. Refer to
Figure 2-18.
Figure 2-18. Normal Range Aperture
2-19
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
c. If necessary, rotate the elevation knob in the UP (up)

direction clockwise until the 6/300 yard mark on the
dial aligns to the index line located beneath the
windage screw. Refer to Figure 2-19.
NOTE
M16A2 HAS 8/300 MARK ON THE DIAL.
Figure 2-19. Index Line

NOTES
M16A4, M4 AND M4A1 CQBW STRIKE OF THE
ROUND MOVES 1/2-INCH FOR EVERY 100 YARDS
(REAR SIGHT ELEVATION ONLY).
M16A2 STRIKE OF THE ROUND MOVES 1-INCH
FOR EVERY 100 YARDS (REAR SIGHT
ELEVATION ONLY).
WINDAGE ADJUSTMENT FOR M16A4 AND M4A1
CQBW IS 1/2-INCH FOR EVERY 100 YARDS.
2-20
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
d. While aiming at the 36 yard target bullseye's center

mast, carefully fire a three-round group. If the shot
group is not in the bullseye's dead center, adjust the
weapons sights in the following manner:
NOTES
M4 / M4A1 CQBW CARBINE ONLY. THE
ELEVATION KNOB SHOULD BE AT 6/3 MINUS 1.
ZERO ON A 36 YARD BZO, POINT OF AIM / POINT
OF IMPACT. MOVE THE DIAL TO 6/3 PLUS 1 OR
6/3 PLUS 2. A 300 YARD BZO HAS BEEN
ESTABLISHED.
FOR FRONT SIGHT - ONE CLICK EQUALS
APPROXIMATELY 3/8-INCH AT 36 YARDS FOR A
RIFLE AND 1/2-INCH AT 36 YARDS FOR A
CARBINE.
(1) Elevation (Front Sight).
(a) Identify center of shot group on BZO target.
Refer to Figure 2-20.
(b) To move shot group up, rotate the front
sight post clockwise the required number of
clicks as identified on the 36 yard BZO
target.
(c) To move the shot group down, rotate the
front sight post counterclockwise the
required number of clicks as identified on
the 36 yard BZO target.
2-21
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure 2-20. BZO Target
2-22
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Table 2-1. Additional Front Sight Elevation Changes

Known
Distance
Rifle
Carbine
100 Yards
200 Yards
300 Yards
1-3/8 inch
2-3/4 inch
4-1/8 inch
1-7/8 inch
3-3/4 inch
5-3/8 inch
Table 2-2. Rear Sight Elevation Changes Per Click

Known
Distance
M16A2
M16A4
M4 / M4A1
CQBW
100 yards
200 yards
300 yards
400 yards
500 yards
1 inch
2 inches
3 inches
4 inches
5 inches
1/2 inch
1 inch
1-1/2 inches
2 inches
2-1/2 inches
3/4 inch
1-1/2 inches
2-1/4 inches
3 inches
3-3/4 inches
(2) Windage.
(a) To move the shot group right, rotate the
windage knob clockwise (in the direction of
the arrow pointed to the R marked on the
knob). Refer to Figure 2-21.
Figure 2-21. Windage Knob
2-23
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(b) To move the shot group left, rotate the

windage knob counterclockwise.
e. While aiming at the bullseye's center mast, fire
another three-round group. If the shot group is not in
the bullseye's dead center, adjust the weapons sights
as described in paragraph 2-7.d.
f. When the shot group is centered at the bullseye's
dead center, the front and rear sights are BZOd for a
300 yard zero.
NOTES
A WEAPON ZEROED USING THE FIELD
EXPEDIENT BZO METHOD AT 36 YARDS CAN BE
TAKEN INTO BATTLE. A BZO ESTABLISHED AT
300 YARDS IS CONSIDERED TO BE MORE
ACCURATE THAN A BZO ESTABLISHED AT 36
YARDS. (THIS IS DUE TO MINOR INCONSISTENCIES A MARINE CAN APPLY AT 36 YARDS
THAT WILL GREATLY MULTIPLY AT 300
YARDS.)
WHEN BZO IS ESTABLISHED ON A KNOWN
DISTANCE RANGE, REFER TO TABLE 2-2 FOR
REAR SIGHT ELEVATION ADJUSTMENTS.
g. Once zeroed in the manner described above, the rear
sight's 400, 500 and 600 yard range marks may also
be used for precise and area point of aim / point of
impact target engagement as the tactical situation
permits. To more accurately engage targets at these
greater ranges, rotate the elevation knob in the UP
direction (clockwise) until the desired major range
numbers (#4, #5 or #6) align to the index line located
beneath the windage screw.
2-24
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
WHEN EXACT RANGES ARE KNOWN, THE
INTERMEDIATE CLICKS BETWEEN THE MAJOR
RANGE MARKINGS MAY BE USED TO
APPROXIMATE RANGES SUCH AS 350 YARDS
OR 525 YARDS.
h. Under most daylight conditions, the weapon should
be carried with the 300 yard battle sight zero set.
(The 6/300 yard mark aligned to the index line
located beneath the windage screw. The M16A2 is
the 8/300 mark.)
NOTE
TO ENGAGE TARGETS AT 200 YARDS OR LESS
DURING PERIODS OF POOR VISIBILITY AND AT
NIGHT, WITH THE REAR SIGHT SET AT THE 300
YARD BATTLE SIGHT ZERO, FLIP THE REAR
SIGHT APERTURE FORWARD SO THE LARGER
DIAMETER APERTURE IS UP AND READY TO
USE. THE LARGE DIAMETER IS MARKED 0-2
AND IS PRE-SET FOR A 200 YARD POINT OF AIM
/ POINT OF IMPACT.
i. Verify the BZO field expedient short range zero at
actual ranges if possible. If additional front sight
elevation changes are required during actual range
zero confirmation, refer to Table 2-1.
2-8. SPECIAL INFRARED AIMING LIGHT
ZEROING CONSIDERATIONS.
It is recommended the laser boresight system be used to zero
night vision sights and IR aiming lights. Refer to TM 10471A12&P/1, Operators Manual for the Laser Boresight System
(LBS). Refer to Table 2-3 and Table 2-4 for recommended IAL
RAS mounting positions.
2-25
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Table 2-3. M16A4 Recommended IAL RAS Mounting

Positions
Weapon / Operator RAS Slot
IAL
Switch
Combination
is:
Number: Activated Paddle
by:
Position
M16A4 Rifle
RightHanded
LeftHanded
RightM16A4 / M203
Handed
Grenade
LeftLauncher
Handed
RightM16A4 Rifle
Handed
w / Top Rail
LeftOccupied
Handed
T40
T40
L35
R35
L35
R35
Left
Thumb
Right
Middle
Finger
Left
Thumb
Right
Thumb
Left
Thumb
Right
Thumb
Paddle
Down
Paddle
Down
Remote
Switch
Remote
Switch
Remote
Switch
Remote
Switch
Table 2-4. M4 / M4A1 CQBW Recommended IAL

RAS Mounting Positions
Weapon / Operator RAS Slot
IAL
Switch
Combination
is:
Number: Activated Paddle
by:
Position
M4 Carbine /
M4A1 CQBW
RightHanded
LeftHanded
T26
T26
RightHanded
R26
LeftHanded
M4 / M4A1
RightCQBW Carbine Handed
w / Top Rail
LeftOccupied
Handed
R26
M4 / M4A1
CQBW / M203
Grenade
Launcher
2-26
L28
R37
Left
Thumb
Right
Middle
Finger
Left
Middle
Finger
Right
Thumb
Left
Thumb
Right
Thumb
Paddle
Down
Paddle
Down
Remote
Switch
Remote
Switch
Remote
Switch
Remote
Switch
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
2-9. CLEARING THE WEAPON.

WARNING
PROCEDURES.
1. Point the weapon in a safe direction. Place selector
lever on SAFE. If the weapon is not cocked, the
selector lever cannot be pointed toward SAFE. Refer
to Figure 2-22.
Figure 2-22. Selector lever - SAFE
2-27
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
2. Press magazine release and remove magazine. Refer

to Figure 2-23.
Figure 2-23. Magazine Removal

3. To lock the bolt open, pull charging handle rearward.
Press bottom of bolt catch and allow bolt to move
forward until it engages the bolt catch. Return
charging handle to forward. Verify selector lever is
on SAFE. Refer to Figure 2-24.
Figure 2-24. Locking Bolt Open
2-28
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
4. Check receiver and chamber to ensure these areas

contain no ammunition. Refer to Figure 2-25.
Figure 2-25. Checking Chamber for Ammunition

5. With the selector lever on SAFE, allow the bolt to go
forward by pressing upper portion of bolt catch. The
weapon is now on SAFE. Refer to Figure 2-26.
Figure 2-26. Upper Bolt Catch
2-29
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
NORMAL RANGE FOR THE M4A1 CQBW IS 300 600 YARDS.
Normal Range Aperture (300 - 800 yards) - The normal range
aperture is unmarked and is used for most firing situations. It is
used in conjunction with the elevation knob for 300, 400, 500,
600, 700 and 800 yard targets. Refer to Figure 2-27.
Figure 2-27. Normal Range Aperture

2-10. FIELD FIRING TECHNIQUES.
a. Establish zero (see para 2-7). The elevation knob is
now set starting at 300 yards and continuing in 100
yard increments up to 800 yards.
2-30
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
b. Rotate the elevation knob until the desired number (4,

5, 6, 7 or 8) is aligned with the mark on the left side
of the receiver. Maximum elevation for the M4A1
CQBW and M16A4 is 600 yards. Refer to Figure 228.
Figure 2-28. Elevation Knob

c. Obtain a good sight picture and good sight alignment
with the unmarked aperture and the front sight post.
Figure 2-29. Front Sight Post

d. Squeeze the trigger and fire.
2-31
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTES
USE THE CLICKS BETWEEN THE NUMBERS ON
THE ELEVATION KNOB WHEN MORE
ELEVATION IS REQUIRED PAST A DESIRED
RANGE MARK.
THE SHORT RANGE APERTURE FLIPS FORWARD
TO EXPOSE A LARGER APERTURE MARKED 0-2.
USE THE 0-2 APERTURE ONLY WHEN THE 3 IS
ALIGNED WITH THE MARK ON THE LEFT SIDE
OF THE RECEIVER AND THE SIGHT IS ROTATED
DOWN. THIS WILL AUTOMATICALLY GIVE A
ZERO OF 200 YARDS. USE THE 0-2 APERTURE
WHEN FIRING THE WEAPON AT NIGHT OR AT
CLOSE RANGE, SUCH AS IN A CITY OR IN
DENSE JUNGLE. REFER TO FIGURE 2-30.
Figure 2-30. Short Range Aperture
2-32
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
2-11. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR WEAPON

SIGHTS.
The weapon sights should be set to a combat zero of 300 yards.
To engage a target at longer ranges, i.e., 500 to 800 yards
(M16A2 and M4), 500 to 600 yards (M4A1 CQBW), perform
the following:
a. Rotate the elevation knob so the desired range mark

is aligned with the mark on the left side of the
receiver.
b. Aim, squeeze the trigger and fire.
NOTE
RETURN THE DIAL TO 300 YARDS WHEN THE
MISSION IS OVER.
For firing the weapon at night or at close range, perform the
following:
(1) Rotate the elevation knob counterclockwise to the

300-yard mark.
NOTE
THE 0-2 APERTURE IS PRESET FOR TARGETS
BETWEEN 0 AND 200 YARDS. MOVING TARGETS
AT CLOSE RANGES ARE EASIER TO HIT IF THE
LARGER APERTURE IS USED.
(2) Flip the unmarked aperture down and use the
larger aperture marked 0-2.
2-33
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
WARNING
IF A NOTICEABLE DIFFERENCE IN SOUND OR
RECOIL OF THE WEAPON IS EXPERIENCED,
STOP FIRING. EITHER CONDITION COULD
INDICATE AN INCOMPLETE POWDER BURN
AND / OR A BULLET STUCK IN THE BORE.
NOTE
IF THE TRIGGER IS RELEASED BEFORE ALL
THREE ROUNDS ARE FIRED, THE NEXT PULL ON
THE TRIGGER WILL FIRE ONLY THE
REMAINING ROUNDS FROM THE PREVIOUS
BURST. ONCE PRESSURE IS APPLIED, MAINTAIN
THE PRESSURE UNTIL THE THREE-ROUND
CYCLE IS COMPLETE.
2-12. IMMEDIATE ACTION.
If the weapon stops firing, perform the following immediate
actions:
a. Slap upward on magazine to ensure it is properly

seated. Refer to Figure 2-31.
Figure 2-31. Seating Magazine

2-34
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
WARNING
DO NOT LOAD WITH A HOT CHAMBER.
b. Pull charging handle all the way back. Observe

ejection of the case or cartridge. Check the chamber
for obstruction. Refer to Figure 2-32.
Figure 2-32. Pull Charging Handle Back

c. If the cartridge or case is ejected or the chamber is
clear, release the charging handle to feed new round.
Do not ride the charging handle forward.
d. Tap forward assist. Refer to Figure 2-33.
Figure 2-33. Forward Assist

2-35
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
e. If the weapon still fails to fire after performing

immediate action, check again for a jammed
cartridge case. Perform remedial action.
2-13. REMEDIAL ACTION.
WARNING
IF THE WEAPON STOPS FIRING WITH A LIVE
ROUND IN THE CHAMBER OF A HOT BARREL,
REMOVE THE ROUND IMMEDIATELY. IF THE
ROUND CANNOT BE REMOVED WITHIN 10
SECONDS, REMOVE THE MAGAZINE AND WAIT
15 MINUTES WITH THE WEAPON POINTING IN
A SAFE DIRECTION. THIS PREVENTS THE
ROUND FROM COOKING OFF AND AVOIDS
POSSIBLE INJURY. KEEP THE FACE AWAY
FROM THE EJECTION PORT WHILE CLEARING
A HOT CHAMBER.
a. If a cartridge case is stuck in the chamber, follow the
illustrations and steps below to remove the cartridge:
(1) Remove the magazine. Refer to Figure 2-34.
Figure 2-34. Magazine Release

2-36
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Lock the bolt to the rear. Refer to Figure 2-35.
Figure 2-35. Lock Bolt

(3) Place the selector lever on SAFE.
(4) Insert cleaning rod and tap out cartridge case.
Figure 2-36. Tapping Cartridge Case from Chamber
2-37
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
2-14. BULLET STUCK IN BORE.

WARNINGS
IMMEDIATELY CEASE FIRE IF AN AUDIBLE
POPPING SOUND OR REDUCED RECOIL IS
EXPERIENCED DURING FIRING.
DO NOT APPLY IMMEDIATE ACTION.
IF THE BULLET IS STUCK IN THE BARREL OF
THE WEAPON, DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REMOVE
IT. TURN THE WEAPON INTO THE ARMORER.
(1) Retract bolt slowly and remove spent cartridge
case.
(2) Clear weapon and check for unburned powder
grains in the receiver or bore and for a bullet
stuck in the bore.
(3) Remove unburned powder or bullet from bore
before resuming firing.
(4) If the bullet is stuck in bore, return the weapon to
the armorer.
2-15. OPERATIONS UNDER UNUSUAL
CONDITIONS.
a. Extreme Cold Climate - Arctic.
TO PREVENT ACCIDENTALLY FIRING THE

WEAPON, USE CARE WHEN INSERTING
GLOVED FINGERS INTO TRIGGER GUARD
AREA.
(1) To operate the weapon in extreme cold when
wearing arctic mittens, depress the trigger guard
2-38
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
plunger and open the trigger guard to obtain easy

access to the trigger. Refer to Figure 2-37.
Figure 2-37. Depressing Trigger Guard Plunger

and Open Trigger Guard
(2) Cleaning and lubrication should be accomplished
inside a warm room and the weapon should be at
room temperature if possible.
(a) Apply a light coat of Lubricant, Artic
Weather (LAW) to all functional parts.
(b) To prevent condensation and freezing, allow
gradual cooling by keeping the weapon
covered when moving from a warm to a
cold area.
(c) Always attempt to keep the weapon dry.
(d) Unload and hand function the weapon every
30 minutes to help prevent freezing of
functional parts.
(e) Do not lay a warm weapon directly in snow
or ice.
2-39
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(f) When moving a cold weapon into a warm

area, condensation (moisture) will form in
and on the weapon. If possible, leave the
weapon in a protected, cold area outside.
When the weapon is brought into a warm
area, as it reaches room temperature, it
should be disassembled and wiped dry
several times.
(g) Ensure the insides of magazines and
ammunition are wiped dry. Moisture can
freeze and cause malfunctions. Do not
lubricate the ammunition.
(h) The use of the muzzle cap, a protective
magazine bag and an overall weapon cover
will help protect the weapon. Use these
items whenever the tactical situation
permits.
(i) For extended operations in extreme cold,
have unit armorer remove the trigger guard.
b. Hot, Wet Climate - Jungle: Use CLP to clean and
lubricate the weapon.
(1) Perform normal maintenance as outlined in Table
3-1 and in paragraph 3-21.a.
(2) Clean and lubricate the weapon more frequently.
Inspect hidden surfaces of the bolt and carrier
assembly, upper receiver and chamber / barrel
extension (locking lugs) and the lower receiver
and receiver extension assembly (buffer tube) for
corrosion. Pay close attention to the spring-loaded
detents on the weapon.
(3) To help prevent corrosion, remove handprints
with a dry wiping rag. Lubricate lightly with
CLP.
2-40
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(4) Unload and check the inside of magazines

frequently for corrosion and moisture. Wipe
ammunition dry before reloading.
(5) Use magazine bag and muzzle cap for protection
when the tactical situation permits.
c. Hot, Dry Climate - Desert: Use CLP to clean and
lubricate the weapon.
NOTE
HOT, DRY CLIMATES ARE USUALLY AREAS
CONTAINING BLOWING SAND AND TINE DUST.
DESERTS CAN BE HOT DURING DAYLIGHT
HOURS AND FREEZING DURING HOURS OF
DARKNESS. THIS HARSH ENVIRONMENT WILL
SEVERELY TAX THE WEAPON AS WELL AS ALL
OTHER TYPES OF EQUIPMENT. THE WEAPONS
CONTINUED OPERATION WILL DEPEND ON
STRICTLY AND ROUTINELY FOLLOWING
DETAILED CLEANING AND LUBRICATING
PROCEDURES.
(1) Dust and sand will get into the weapon and
magazines causing malfunctions. Perform a
thorough cleaning of the weapon daily and after
all firing missions.
NOTE
ALWAYS SHAKE CLP PRIOR TO USE.
(2) Corrosion is less likely to form on metal parts in a
dry climate; therefore, apply lubrication to the
internal working surfaces and functional parts
only. Use normal amounts of CLP for lubrication.
Unload and dry ammunition and inside of
magazines daily. Do not lubricate magazines.
2-41
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(3) The use of an overall weapon protection cover, a

muzzle cap and spare magazine protective bags
will help protect the weapon / ammunition from
sand and dust. Use these items when the tactical
situation permits.
(4) At all times, as a minimum effort to help keep out
sand and dust, keep the bolt and ejection port
cover closed, a magazine installed in the weapon,
and a muzzle cap on the muzzle.
NOTE
REMOVAL OF THE CAP PRIOR TO FIRING IS
RECOMMENDED. PLACE IT IN A POCKET FOR
FUTURE USE. IT IS NOT DANGEROUS TO FIRE
THE RIFLE WITH THE MUZZLE CAP INSTALLED.
d. Heavy Rain and Fording Operations - All Climates.
(1) Perform maintenance in accordance with the
climate conditions.
(2) Always attempt to keep weapon dry.
(3) Use a weapon cover, a muzzle cap and protective
bags to protect weapon, ammunition and
magazines.
WARNING
DO NOT FIRE THE WEAPON IF WATER IS
PRESENT IN THE BARREL.
(4) Always drain any water from the barrel prior to
firing. Dry the bore with a clean swab.
2-42
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
e. Nuclear, Biological and Chemical (NBC). General

procedures can be found in Marine Corps
Warfighting Publication: MCWP 3-37.2A and
MCWP 3-37.3.
f. After Fording.
(1) Remove the muzzle cap. Refer to Figure 2-38.
Figure 2-38. Removing Muzzle Cap

(2) Point the muzzle down and shake vigorously.
2-43
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(3) Pull charging handle 2 to 3 inches rearward and

allow water to drain. Refer to Figure 2-39.
Figure 2-39. Pull Charging Handle

(4) Clear the drain hole in the stock with a pipe
cleaner and drain the weapon. Refer to Figure 240.
Figure 2-40. Clearing Drain Hole

(5) Release charging handle and strike forward assist
to seat round and lock bolt.
2-44
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
CHAPTER 3
SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE
Section I. INTRODUCTION
3-1. GENERAL.
Chapter 3 includes operator disassembly and reassembly
procedures, lubrication and preventive maintenance checks
and services (PMCS). PMCS procedures are in Table 3-1.
3-1
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Section II. DISASSEMBLY AND REASSEMBLY

3-2. UPPER RECEIVER DISASSEMBLY.
WARNING
PROCEDURES.
a. Clear the Weapon. Refer to paragraph 2-9.
b. Remove the Sling.
DO NOT USE A SCREWDRIVER OR ANY

OTHER TOOL WHEN REMOVING THE
HANDGUARDS. DAMAGE TO THE HANDGUARD AND / OR SLIP RING MAY RESULT.
c. Remove Handguards (M16A2).
NOTE
THE ROUND HANDGUARDS ARE IDENTICAL
AND CAN BE INTERCHANGED (TOP OR
BOTTOM).
(1) Place the weapon on the buttstock, press down on
the slip ring with both hands.
3-2
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Have another person pull the handguards free

using the Buddy System. Refer to Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1. Removing Handguards Using the

Buddy System
3-3
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
d. Separate Upper and Lower Receiver.
DISENGAGE THE PIVOT AND TAKEDOWN

PINS USING HAND PRESSURE ONLY. FORCE
OTHER THAN HAND PRESSURE MAY CAUSE
DAMAGE TO THE WEAPON AND REPLACEMENT OF THE WEAPON WOULD BE
REQUIRED. PUSH THE PIVOT AND TAKEDOWN PINS ONLY ENOUGH TO DISENGAGE
THE UPPER RECEIVER AND LOWER
RECEIVER.
(1) Push in the takedown pin as far as it will go.
Pivot the upper receiver from lower receiver.
Figure 3-2. Takedown Pin
3-4
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Push in the receiver pivot pin. Refer to Figure 33.
Figure 3-3. Receiver Pivot Pin

(3) Separate upper and lower receivers. Refer to
Figure 3-4.
Figure 3-4. Upper and Lower Receivers
3-5
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
IF THE ROUND NUTS AND THE CLAMPING

BAR ARE INADVERTENTLY REMOVED, THE
CLAMPING BAR MUST BE REINSTALLED ON
THE THREADED STUDS IN A MANNER NOT TO
PROTRUDE PAST THE FRONT OF THE
CARRYING HANDLE. THE ROUND NUTS
SHOULD BE REINSTALLED ON THE
THREADED STUDS BY AN ARMORER ONLY.
e. Remove Carrying Handle Assembly (M16A4, M4,
M4A1 CQBW).
(1) Loosen the round nuts on the left side of the
carrying handle, approximately 4 turns.
(2) Loosen the clamping bar from the left side of the
upper receiver and lift off the carrying handle
assembly. Refer to Figure 3-5.
Figure 3-5. Clamping Bar and Carrying Handle

Assembly
3-6
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
f. Charging Handle and Bolt Carrier Disassembly.

(1) Pull back charging handle and bolt carrier. Refer
to Figure 3-6.
Figure 3-6. Charging Handle and Bolt Carrier Removal

(2) Remove the bolt carrier and bolt. Refer to Figure
3-7.
Figure 3-7. Bolt Carrier and Bolt
3-7
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(3) Remove the charging handle. Refer to Figure 3-8.
Figure 3-8. Charging Handle Removal

3-3. BOLT CARRIER DISASSEMBLY.
a. Firing Pin Removal.
(1) Remove firing pin retaining pin. Refer to Figure
3-9.
Figure 3-9. Firing Pin Retaining Pin Removal
3-8
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Push bolt assembly to locked position. Refer to

Figure 3-10.
Figure 3-10. Bolt Assembly to Locked Position

(3) Drop firing pin out rear of bolt carrier. Refer to
Figure 3-11.
Figure 3-11. Removing Firing Pin from Bolt Carrier
3-9
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(4) To remove the bolt cam pin, turn the bolt carrier
upside and tap the bolt carrier against palm of
hand. Bolt cam pin will fall out. Refer to Figure
3-12.
Figure 3-12. Bolt Cam Pin Removal

(5) Remove bolt assembly from carrier. Refer to
Figure 3-13.
Figure 3-13. Bolt Assembly Removal
3-10
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
b. Extractor Removal.
DO NOT DAMAGE TIP OF FIRING PIN WHEN

PUSHING OUT EXTRACTOR PIN. REFER TO
FIGURE 3-14.
NOTE
PRESS REAR OF EXTRACTOR TO CHECK SPRING
FUNCTION. IF SPRING IS WEAK, CONTACT UNIT
ARMORER.
(1) Remove extractor pin using firing pin. Refer to
Figure 3-14.
Figure 3-14. Checking Spring Function
3-11
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Remove extractor and spring assembly. Refer to

Figure 3-15.
Figure 3-15. Extractor Removal
3-12
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
3-4. LOWER RECEIVER DISASSEMBLY.

a. Buffer Assembly Removal.
(1) Press in buffer, depress retainer and release
buffer. Refer to Figure 3-16.
Figure 3-16. Buffer Assembly

(2) Remove buffer and action spring. Refer to Figure
3-17.
Figure 3-17. Buffer and Action Spring
3-13
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
REMOVAL OF THE BUTTSTOCK OR PISTOL GRIP
IS NOT AUTHORIZED BY THE OPERATOR.
b. Buttstock Removal - Carbine Only.
NOTE
THE CARBINE HAS A FOUR-POSITION
BUTTSTOCK: CLOSED, 1/2-OPEN, 3/4-OPEN AND
FULL OPEN.
(1) Extend buttstock assembly.
(2) Grasp the lock release lever in the area of the
retaining nut.
(3) Pull downward on rear of lock release lever.
(4) Slide buttstock to the rear to separate the
buttstock assembly from the lower receiver
extension. Refer to Figure 3-18.
Figure 3-18. M4 / M4A1 CQBW Buttstock Assembly
3-14
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
NO FURTHER DISASSEMBLY IS ALLOWED.
3-5. LOWER RECEIVER REASSEMBLY.
a. M4A1 CQBW and M4.
(1) Grasp the lock release lever in the area of the
retaining nut.
(2) Pull to reinstall the buttstock assembly onto the
lower receiver extension. Refer to Figure 3-19.
Figure 3-19. Reinstalling Buttstock Assembly

b. Insert action spring and buffer.
3-15
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
3-6. BOLT CARRIER REASSEMBLY.

a. Reassemble extractor and spring.
NOTE
EXTRACTOR ASSEMBLY HAS A RUBBER INSERT
WITHIN THE SPRING. USE CARE TO PREVENT
LOSS OF THE INSERT.
b. If the spring comes loose, place the large end of the
spring in the extractor and seat it. Refer to Figure 320.
Figure 3-20. Extractor and Rubber Insert

NOTE
PRESS REAR OF EXTRACTOR TO CHECK SPRING
FUNCTION. IF SPRING IS WEAK, CONTACT UNIT
ARMORER.
c. Insert extractor and spring. Refer to Figure 3-15.
d. Push in extractor pin.
3-16
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
IF RING GAPS ARE NOT STAGGERED WEAPON
ACCURACY WILL BE AFFECTED.
e. Stagger ring gaps to stop gas loss. Refer to Figure 321.
Figure 3-21. Ring Gaps

WARNING
DO NOT SWITCH BOLTS BETWEEN WEAPONS.
f. Slide bolt into carrier. Refer to Figure 3-22.
Figure 3-22. Bolt into Carrier
3-17
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
WARNING
ENSURE THE CAM PIN IS INSTALLED IN THE
BOLT GROUP. IF THE CAM PIN IS NOT
INSTALLED, THE WEAPON WILL STILL FIRE
AND EXPLODE.
g. Replace bolt cam pin.
h. Drop in and seat firing pin. Refer to Figure 3-23.
Figure 3-23. Seat Firing Pin
3-18
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
i. Pull bolt forward. Refer to Figure 3-24.
Figure 3-24. Bolt in Forward Position

NOTE
FIRING PIN SHOULD NOT FALL OUT WHEN
BOLT CARRIER GROUP IS TURNED UPSIDE
DOWN.
j. Replace firing pin retaining pin. Refer to Figure 3-25.
Figure 3-25. Install Firing Pin Retaining Pin
3-19
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
3-7. UPPER RECEIVER REASSEMBLY.

a. Engage charging handle and then push in part way.
Figure 3-26. Charging Handle

b. Slide in bolt carrier group. Refer to Figure 3-27.
Figure 3-27. Bolt Carrier Group
3-20
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
c. Push charging handle and bolt carrier group together.

Figure 3-28. Charging Handle and Bolt Carrier Group

d. Join upper and lower receivers. Refer to Figure 3-29.
Figure 3-29. Join Upper and Lower Receivers
3-21
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
e. Engage receiver pivot pin. Refer to Figure 3-30.
Figure 3-30. Engage Receiver Pivot Pin
SELECTOR LEVER MUST BE ON SAFE OR

SEMI BEFORE CLOSING UPPER RECEIVER.
f. Close upper and lower receiver groups. Push in
takedown pin.
3-22
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
THE ROUND HANDGUARDS ARE IDENTICAL
AND CAN BE INTERCHANGED (TOP OR
BOTTOM).
g. Place the weapon on the buttstock and press down on
the slip ring with both hands. Using the Buddy
System, have a partner install one handguard on top
and one on the bottom. Refer to Figure 3-31.
Figure 3-31. Apply Handguards Using the Buddy

System
h. Install sling.
3-23
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
IF THE ROUND NUTS AND THE CLAMPING

BAR ARE INADVERTENTLY REMOVED, THE
CLAMPING BAR MUST BE REINSTALLED ON
THE THREADED STUDS IN A MANNER NOT TO
PROTRUDE PAST THE FRONT OF THE
CARRYING HANDLE. THE ROUND NUTS
SHOULD BE REINSTALLED ON THE
THREADED STUDS BY AN ARMORER ONLY.
i. Reinstall the carrying handle assembly with the front
stud positioned into the notch in front of the upper
receiver mounting surface.
j. Hold the carrying handle assembly flat against the
top of the upper receiver.
k. Slide the clamping bar against the receiver with the
lower edge underneath the slotted portion.
l. Using finger pressure only, firmly tighten both round
nuts.
3-24
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
3-8. MAGAZINE.
a. Disassembly.
(1) Release the base catch with the end of a cleaning
rod. Refer to Figure 3-32.
Figure 3-32. Release Magazine Base Catch
3-25
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Remove the magazine base. Refer to Figure 3-33.
Figure 3-33. Magazine Base Removal

(3) Manipulate spring and follower to remove. Refer
to Figure 3-34.
Figure 3-34. Magazine Spring and Follower
3-26
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
b. Inspection.
(1) Inspect feeder lips for damage. If damaged or
bent, replace magazine.
(2) Inspect for corrosion.
NOTE
DO NOT REMOVE FOLLOWER FROM SPRING.
c. Assembly.
NOTE
IF THE SPRING COMES LOOSE FROM THE
FOLLOWER, DO NOT ATTEMPT REPAIR. TURN
THE PIECES INTO THE UNIT ARMORER.
(1) Clean and lubricate the magazine with Cleaner,
Lubricant, Preservative (CLP). Wipe dirt from
tube, spring and follower; then lightly lubricate
spring.
(2) Insert follower and manipulate spring to install.
Figure 3-35. Insert Spring and Follower into Magazine
3-27
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
PRINTING ON BASE MUST BE ON THE OUTSIDE.
(3) Slide the base under all four tabs until base
catches. Refer to Figure 3-36.
Figure 3-36. Replacing Magazine Base
3-28
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
3-9. RAIL ADAPTER SYSTEMS (RAS).

WARNING
PROCEDURES.
NOTE
THE UPPER RAS ASSEMBLY WILL BE REMOVED
AND INSTALLED BY AN ARMORER ONLY.
DO NOT REMOVE THE UPPER RAS FOR ROUTINE
CLEANING. THIS MAY CAUSE THE ZERO OF
ATTACHED SIGHTING ACCESSORIES TO SHIFT
WHEN THE UPPER RAS IS REINSTALLED.
a. Disassembly of Handguards for Rifle and Carbine.
(1) To remove handguard sections press the spring
latch located on the end of the handguard section.
Figure 3-37. Handguards

(2) To remove the side and bottom sections, press the
spring latch and move toward muzzle end.
3-29
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(3) Upper sections are removed by pressing the

spring latch and sliding the sections to the rear of
the upper receiver group. Refer to Figure 3-38.
Figure 3-38. Upper Handguard Sections

b. Inspection.
(1) When cleaning the weapon and / or when
handguards or accessories are being installed or
repositioned; clean, inspect and lubricate the rail
surfaces and recoil grooves (slots) of the RAS
with CLP.
(2) Use the general purpose brush, from the standard
weapon cleaning kit, to clean the RAS and
handguard sections.
(3) If debris is observed inside the RAS, remove the
lower RAS assembly or the M203 Grenade
Launcher and detail clean. Thoroughly clean the
inner surface of the thermal liner to maintain the
heat reflective surface.
(4) If the RAS is exposed to salt water or corrosive
chemicals, thoroughly rinse the upper and lower
assemblies in fresh water as soon as the tactical
situation allows. Thoroughly clean, inspect and
lubricate as required, including the spring latches
in the handguard sections.
(5) Clean and inspect the handguard sections and the
rail grabbers of accessories to be mounted prior to
embarking on tactical operations or training
events.
3-30
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
DO NOT APPLY LUBRICANT TO THE PLASTIC

SURFACES OF THE HANDGUARD SECTIONS.
(6) Clean handguard sections with an absorbent
cloth.
c. Assembly.
DO NOT REMOVE THE THERMAL LINER

FROM THE LOWER RAS ASSEMBLY.
(1) Confirm the arrow on the inner surface points
towards the muzzle of the weapon.
(2) Install the lower RAS assembly by inserting the
front edges into the forward handguard cap at the
angle shown in Figure 3-39.
(3) Compress the rear handguard slip ring while
pivoting the lower RAS assembly up and into the
final position. Refer to Figure 3-39.
Figure 3-39. Lower RAS Assembly

3-31
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(4) Release the rear handguard slip ring.

(5) Confirm the slip ring engages around the rear
flange of the lower RAS assembly.
NOTE
HANDGUARD SECTIONS ARE QUICKLY
ATTACHED AND DETACHED FROM THE RAS. A
SPRING LATCH AT ONE END OF EACH
HANDGUARD SECTION AUTOMATICALLY
ENGAGES CUTOUTS POSITIONED AT EITHER
END OF THE FOUR RAIL SECTIONS. TO SLIDE A
HANDGUARD SECTION BEYOND A CUTOUT, OR
TO REMOVE IT, SLIDE THE SECTION IN THE
DESIRED DIRECTION WHILE APPLYING THUMB
PRESSURE TO THE SPRING LATCH.
(6) Install the handguard sections from the muzzle
end of the RAS.
(7) Longer handguard sections on carbines should be
oriented with spring latch toward muzzle. Longer
handguard sections on rifles should be oriented
with spring latch toward chamber.
(8) Install the handguard sections from the rear of the
upper receiver group.
NOTES
ALL HANDGUARD SECTIONS ARE INTERCHANGEABLE BETWEEN RIFLES AND
CARBINES.
THE SPRING LATCH WILL ENGAGE AND
SECURE CUTOUTS WHEN THEY MEET AT
EITHER END OF THE RAILS. INSTALL SHORTER
HANDGUARD SECTIONS, USED ON RAILS
PARTIALLY OCCUPIED BY ACCESSORIES, WITH
THE SPRING LATCHES POSITIONED AWAY
FROM THE ACCESSORIES.
3-32
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
3-10. RAS ACCESSORY MOUNTING

PROCEDURES.
a. Numbered Recoil Grooves. Each RAS rail is
sequentially numbered within the recoil grooves. The
top rail numbers have a T prefix. The bottom rail
number, to the operators left, has an L prefix. The
numbers and prefixes assist in remounting an
accessory in the same position (memory aid) and to
provide an address for every position on the system.
The addresses explain precisely where to mount
certain accessories and which addresses are
incompatible with other accessories.
b. RAS. Each rail contains holes threaded 1/4-inch-20
TPI (standard camera adapter size) within recoil
grooves along the length. The holes are provided for
the attachment of standard camera / video
accessories, if required. An RAS equipped weapon,
accessorized with a large, heavy night vision device
can be mounted on a standard camera tripod for
extended hands-off surveillance missions.
c. Standard Sling Adapter. The standard side sling
adapter, if installed, must be positioned with the sling
swivel to the operators right (right side of the
weapon. It will be oriented with the integral stop to
the rear. This allows the swivel to fold flat towards
the muzzle preventing the side sling adapter from
interfering with the installation of the handguard
sections, the forward handgrip or other accessories
requiring installation from the end of the rail. Refer
to Figure 3-40.
3-33
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure 3-40. Standard Side Sling Adapter

3-11. COMPENSATOR.
DO NOT REMOVE THE COMPENSATOR FOR

ANY REASON. ARMORERS ARE NOT
AUTHORIZED TO REMOVE IT FOR CLEANING
PURPOSES.
The compensator has five slots. The third or middle slot
must be straight up and should line up with the front sight
post. Refer to Figure 3-41.
Figure 3-41. 5.56mm Compensator
3-34
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
3-12. M15A2 / M23 BLANK FIRING ATTACHMENT

(BFA).
WARNING
USE ONLY BLANK ROUND, M200 AMMUNITION
WITH THE BFA.
NOTE
M15A2 BFA IS PAINTED RED AND USED ON THE
M16A2 AND M16A4 RIFLES. M23 BFA IS PAINTED
YELLOW AND STAMPED M4 CARBINE ONLY,
AND USED ON THE M4 AND M4A1 CQBW
CARBINES.
1. Unscrew and slide all the way to the back. Refer to
Figure 3-42.
Figure 3-42. M15A2 Blank Firing Attachment (BFA)

2. Hook the BFA behind first groove of compensator.
Figure 3-43. Compensator with M15A2 BFA

3-35
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
DO NOT USE TOOLS TO TIGHTEN THE BFA

ATTACHMENT; HAND TIGHTEN ONLY.
NOTE
AFTER FIRING 50 ROUNDS, ENSURE THE
ATTACHMENT IS STILL TIGHT. CLEAN CARBON
BUILD-UP AFTER EACH USE.
3. Slide the BFA into the compensator and hand tighten.
Figure 3-44. M15A2 BFA Attached to Compensator

3-13. QUICK ATTACH / DETACH (QD) SOUND
SUPPRESSOR.
WARNINGS
THE QD SUPPRESSOR MUST ONLY BE USED
WITH THE M4A1 CQBW.
THE QD SUPPRESSOR MUST ONLY BE USED
WITH THE QUICK DETACH COMPENSATOR.
PROCEDURES.
3-36
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
WARNING
AFTER USE, THE QD SUPPRESSOR WILL BE
EXTREMELY HOT. TO REMOVE THE QD
SUPPRESSOR WHILE HOT, USE A BAYONET OR
OTHER AVAILABLE TOOLS TO ROTATE THE
RETAINER RING AND DISENGAGE THE QD
LATCH PLATE. WEAR HEAT-RESISTANT
GLOVES WHEN HANDLING HOT SUPPRESSORS.
NOTE
ALL INSTRUCTIONS AND / OR DIRECTIONS OF
MOTION ARE FROM THE REAR OF THE WEAPON
OR SUPPRESSOR WITH THE MUZZLE END
POINTED AWAY FROM THE OPERATOR.
a. Disassembly.
(1) From the rear of the weapon (muzzle pointed
away from the operator), raise the quick-detach
locking latch on the QD suppressor and slide off
the barrel. Refer to Figure 3-45.
Figure 3-45. QD Suppressor Locking Latch

(2) Twist the QD suppressor during removal. This
allows the carbon cutting grooves to dislodge the
carbon and metal fouling build-up in the QD
compensator / QD suppressor interface surfaces.
3-37
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
b. Inspection.
(1) Inspect the suppressor for missing parts. If
missing parts are identified, notify unit armorer.
(2) Inspect the compensator for looseness. If loose,
notify unit armorer.
c. Assembly.
WARNING
PROCEDURES.
(1) Rotate the retainer ring clockwise (to the right)
until it stops with the tab in approximately the 9
o'clock position. Raise the quick-detach latch
plate and slide the QD suppressor over the QD
compensator. Rotate the QD suppressor
counterclockwise (to the left) until the rotational
stop is engaged at the front of the QD model
compensator. Refer to Figure 3-46.
Figure 3-46. QD Suppressor Mounted to Compensator
3-38
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Hold the suppressor firmly to the rear and against

the rotational stop in the QD compensator. Lower
the QD latch plate until nearly flush, at the 12
o'clock position, with the top surface of the
suppressor body. Refer to Figure 3-47.
Figure 3-47. QD Suppressor Latch Plate

(3) Rotate the retainer ring counterclockwise (to the
left) until it passes the 6 o'clock position and
stops against the latch plate. The QD latch plate
should now be secured in the down / locked
position.
WARNINGS
WEAR EYE PROTECTION WHEN OPERATING
THE WEAPON WITH THE SUPPRESSOR
ATTACHED. ESPECIALLY IF THE OPERATOR
FIRES LEFT HANDED OR IF WATER IS PLACED
IN THE SUPPRESSOR TO HELP REDUCE FIRST
ROUND MUZZLE FLASH.
LIMIT FIRING TO SEMI-AUTOMATIC OR BURST
FIRE EXCEPT IN EMERGENCIES. DO NOT
SUBJECT THE MODEL QD SUPPRESSOR TO
MORE THAN 90 ROUNDS OF CONTINUOUS
AUTOMATIC FIRE. IF THIS LIMIT IS REACHED,
ALLOW THE UNIT TO COOL BEFORE
RESUMING FIRE, IF THE TACTICAL SITUATION
PERMITS. UP TO 15 ROUNDS PER MINUTE OF
CONTINUAL FIRE IS ACCEPTABLE. FULL
AUTOMATIC FIRING WILL CAUSE EXCESSIVE
FUMES.
3-39
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
3-14. M4 / MODEL QD SOUND SUPPRESSOR

MAINTENANCE.
WARNING
AFTER USE, THE QD SUPPRESSOR WILL BE
EXTREMELY HOT. TO REMOVE THE QD
SUPPRESSOR WHILE HOT, USE A BAYONET OR
OTHER AVAILABLE TOOLS TO ROTATE THE
RETAINER RING AND DISENGAGE THE QD
LATCH PLATE. WEAR HEAT RESISTANT
GLOVES WHEN HANDLING HOT SUPPRESSORS.
a. Remove the QD suppressor while hot. Carbon
fouling solidifies as the unit cools making removal
more difficult.
b. Remove the suppressor temporarily from the barrel if
fired frequently over a period of time.
c. Twisting during removal after each firing event
allows the carbon cutting grooves to function and
thereby minimizes the accumulated buildup of metal
and carbon fouling that could make removal more
difficult later.
3-15. M4 / MODEL QD SOUND SUPPRESSOR
CLEANING.
Clean the M4A1 CQBW QD sound suppressor and
compensator using the following methods:
a. Mount and dismount the suppressor to / from the
weapon several times using a twisting motion. This
enables the compensator's carbon cutting grooves to
dislodge carbon and metal fouling build-up.
b. Dry brush loosened residue from parts using the
general purpose (GP) toothbrush from the weapon
3-40
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
cleaning kit. Orient the parts to prevent carbon from

falling into the suppressor body.
c. CLP will be used to remove copper fouling from both
the QD compensator and the corresponding internal
QD suppressor surfaces, which contact the
compensator.
DO NOT USE WIRE BRUSHES.

d. Use the short nylon bristles of the general purpose
brush to scrub parts clean.
DO NOT ALLOW CLP TO FLOW DOWN INTO

THE SUPPRESSOR BODY AND CONTAMINATE
THE INTERNAL BAFFLE AREAS. CLP AND
OTHER OILY RESIDUES IN THE SUPPRESSOR
BODY WILL CAUSE EXCESSIVE SMOKE WHEN
THE WEAPON IS FIRED.
e. Clean and dry the CLP-affected parts with an
absorbent cloth.
3-16. QD SOUND SUPPRESSOR LUBRICATION.
NOTES
IF CLP HAS ENTERED THE SUPPRESSOR, THE
SUPPRESSOR SHOULD BE THOROUGHLY
SOAKED AND AGITATED VIGOROUSLY IN
WARM SOAPY WATER. RINSE IN CLEAR, FRESH
WATER AND AIR DRY.
THE INTERIOR OF THE QD SUPPRESSOR MUST
BE THOROUGHLY DRY BEFORE USING. THE USE
OF COMPRESSED AIR OR BLOWER DRYER IS
RECOMMENDED.
3-41
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
a. Do not oil the QD suppressor body; wipe it dry with a

clean cloth.
b. Apply only a light coat of CLP to the QD
compensator to prevent corrosion each time the
weapon is cleaned.
c. Apply a very light coat of CLP to the suppressor
latch plate legs to smooth operation.
3-17. M203 GRENADE LAUNCHER / M16A4 RIFLE /
M4A1 CBQW OPERATIONAL NOTES.
NOTES
THE WEAPONS ZERO COULD CHANGE WHEN
THE M203 IS ATTACHED DUE TO THE MASS
ADDED TO THE WEAPON BY THE GRENADE
LAUNCHER. THIS IS A NORMAL CONDITION
AND CAN BE COMPENSATED FOR BY THE
OPERATOR.
KNOW AND REMEMBER THE WEAPONS ZERO
BOTH WITH THE M203 ATTACHED AND
UNATTACHED.
a. The 5-rib handguard section covering the forward
recoil grooves of the upper RAS assembly's left-hand
rail should be removed and stored in the weapons
buttstock when the M203 is mounted.
b. Configure the left-hand rail with a single 11-rib
handguard section fully to the rear. Latch in the
groove closest to the handguard slip ring.
c. Removing the 5-rib handguard section will ensure the
M203's barrel latch will depress fully and expose
recoil groove L-30. If the forward section of the lefthand rail is to be covered, use a short handguard
section (4-rib or less). The handguard section will not
3-42
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
block the M203 barrel latch from being fully

depressed.
d. A shorter handguard section should be latched into
groove L-37.
3-18. EO TECH SIGHT.
The EO Tech sight enables operators to engage targets at
normal small arms ranges during ingress to and egress from
the objective area, and at ranges of 25meters or less in
confined spaces while minimizing the possibility of injury
to noncombatants.
a. Disassembly.
(1) Remove the sight by unscrewing the knob located
on the left side of the sight.
(2) Remember rail location. Refer to Figure 3-48 and
Figure 3-49.
Figure 3-48. EO TECH Sight Left View
3-43
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure 3-49. EO TECH Sight Right View

b. Inspection.
(1) Remove sight and mount away from rail surface.
(2) Clean as required.
c. Assembly.
(1) Reinstall the EOTech sight in the same location
on the rail.
(2) Tighten the knob.
3-19. VISIBLE LIGHT ILLUMINATOR (VLI).
The Visible Light Illuminator (VLI) is a powerful flashlight
that projects a wide-angle beam. The concentrated central
beam of white light is used for searching, acquisition,
identification and momentary dazzling targets in any low
light environment.
a. Assembly.
(1) Loosen the mounting knob. The knob has normal
right hand threads.
3-44
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Turn the knob counterclockwise (approximately 5

or 6 full turns from full closed position) until a
positive stop is felt. Refer to Figure 3-50.
Figure 3-50. Mounting Visible Light Illuminator

b. Inspection.
(1) Inspect rail surface, VLI and mount for burrs.
(2) Clean as required.
c. Disassembly.
(1) Remove the light by unscrewing the knobs.
(2) Remove the light and mount away from rail
surface.
(3) Place the sight mount assembly on the rail
surface.
(4) Hook the right side of the base mount clamp on
the right edge of the weapon rail. With a pivoting
motion, engage the round stud into the top
mounting surface of the rail on the weapon.
Apply slight pressure and tighten the knob.
3-45
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Section III. SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE

SERVICES
3-20. GENERAL CLEANING INFORMATION.
DO NOT MIX LUBRICANTS ON THE SAME

WEAPON. THE WEAPON MUST BE
THOROUGHLY CLEANED DURING CHANGE
FROM ONE LUBRICANT TO ANOTHER. DRY
CLEANING SOLVENT (SD) IS RECOMMENDED
FOR CLEANING DURING CHANGE FROM ONE
LUBRICANT TO ANOTHER.
When the term CLP (Cleaner, Lubricant, and Preservative)
or the word lubricant is cited in this TM, it is to be
interpreted to mean that CLP, LSA (Lubricating Oil, Semifluid, Automatic Weapons) or LAW (Lubricant, Artic
Weather) can be utilized as applicable.
a. With the weapon disassembled, thoroughly clean,
inspect and lubricate.
b. Always shake CLP before use.
c. After firing, clean the weapon with CLP according to
instructions in paragraph 3-21. Wipe dry and lube
according to lubrication instructions.
3-46
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
IF PARTS FROM THE CLEANING KIT ARE
MISSING OR DEFECTIVE, CONTACT THE UNIT
ARMORER.
d. Cleaning materials (swabs, pipe cleaners and CLP)
are expendable items. Refer to Figure 3-51. A
complete list of cleaning materials is listed in
Appendix B.
Figure 3-51. Standard Cleaning Kit
3-47
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
3-21. FIELD EXPEDIENT CLEANING.

NOTE
AFTER CLEANING AND BEFORE REASSEMBLY,
LIGHTLY LUBRICATE LUGS IN BARREL
EXTENSION WITH CLP.
a. Clear the weapon (paragraph 2-9).
b. Check bore and chamber for fouling.
c. Remove bolt carrier group (paragraph 3-3.).
d. Clean carbon and oil from firing pin and all surfaces
of bolt / carrier with dry swabs.
e. Clean firing pin hole and bolt carrier key with pipe
cleaner.
f. Apply light coating of CLP. Pay special attention to
slide and cam pin area. Refer to Figure 3-52.
Figure 3-52. Bolt Carrier Group
3-48
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
DO NOT BEND OR FLEX THE CLEANING ROD.

ENSURE THE SWAB GOES COMPLETELY
THROUGH THE COMPENSATOR. DO NOT
REVERSE DIRECTION WHILE SWAB IS IN
BORE OR COMPENSATOR.
g. Swab out the weapon from chamber to muzzle.
3-22. DETAILED CLEANING TECHNIQUES.
DO NOT INTERCHANGE PARTS FROM ONE

WEAPON WITH ANOTHER WEAPON.
a. The bore of the M16A2 has lands and grooves called
rifling. Rifling makes the bullet spin very rapidly as
it moves down the bore and down range.
b. As the rifling twists rapidly, it is easier to pull the
bore brush through the bore. Allow the bore brush to
turn as it is pulled through for better cleaning of the
grooves (tracking). Follow the procedures below:
(1) Connect three sections of rod, leaving each
section approximately two turns short of being
tight.
(2) Swab out the bore with a patch moistened with
CLP.
(3) Attach the bore brush, leaving it two turns short
of being tight.
3-49
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
NOTE
THE CLEANING PROCESS WILL GO MORE
QUICKLY USING THE BUDDY SYSTEM ON THE
CLEANING RODS. SET UP ONE ROD WITH A
PATCH HOLDER AND THE OTHER WITH A BORE
BRUSH.
(4) Point the muzzle down. Holding the upper
receiver in one hand, insert the end of the rod
without the bore brush into the chamber. Allow
the rod to fall straight through the bore.
Approximately 2-3 inches will be sticking out of
the muzzle.
(5) Attach the handle section of the cleaning rod to
the end of rod sticking out of the muzzle.
(6) Pull the bore brush through the bore and out the
muzzle. The rod will twist as it is pulled through.
Figure 3-53. Swabbing Weapon
3-50
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(7) After one pull, remove the handle section and

repeat the process. After three or four pulls, the
three rod sections are tightened together. Loosen
the rod sections and bore brush and repeat the
process.
(8) Send a patch through the bore occasionally to
help remove the dirt and debris the bore brush is
working loose. The same technique, as described
above, can be used to save time. Replace the bore
brush with the rod tip (patch holder) and a wet
patch. Drop it through. The handle is not required
to pull only a patch through. Always have the
bore wet with cleaner before trying to pull a bore
brush through.
3-23. THOROUGH CLEANING.
a. Upper Receiver. Clean with CLP:
(1) All areas of powder fouling, corrosion, dirt and
rust.
3-51
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Locking lugs, chamber and gas tube. Refer to

Figures 3-54 and 3-55.
Figure 3-54. Locking Lugs and Gas Tube
3-52
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure 3-55. Cleaning Chamber and Locking Lugs

(4) Bore. Starting at the receiver, drop the rod and
brush through the chamber and pull through the
compensator.
3-53
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
DO NOT REMOVE INNER HEAT SHIELD.

(5) Handguards. Remove and wipe with cloth.
(6) Front and rear sight. Clean with brush and CLP.
(7) Compensator. Scrub with brush and clean
between compensator slots.
(8) When using the bore brush, do not reverse
direction while in bore.
b. Bolt Carrier Group.
Refer to paragraph 3-3. for disassembly.
NOTE
USE WELL-WORN BORE BRUSH ONLY.
(1) Outer and inner surfaces of bolt carrier.
(2) Carrier key. After dislodging carbon deposits and
dirt with worn bore brush, clean with pipe
cleaner. Refer to Figure 3-56.
Figure 3-56. Carrier Key

(3) Firing pin recess and firing pin.
3-54
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(4) Firing pin hole (use pipe cleaner). Refer to Figure

3-57.
Figure 3-57. Cleaning the Firing Pin Hole

(5) Carbon deposits and dirt from locking lugs. Refer
to Figure 3-58.
Figure 3-58. Locking Lugs and Extractor Lip

3-55
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(6) Areas behind bolt ring (refer to Figure 3-59) and

under lip of extractor. Refer to Figure 3-58.
Figure 3-59. Bolt Rings

c. Ejector. The design of the ejector makes disassembly
for cleaning by the operator impractical. Follow the
steps below on a monthly or as required (weekly if
firing blanks) basis to ensure the weapon ejects
empty cases clear of the operator and weapon.
(1) Remove bolt from carrier.
(2) Hold the bolt in hand as shown with ejector down
and extractor up. Refer to Figure 3-60.
Figure 3-60. Ejector Cleaning
3-56
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(3) Place a few drops of CLP around the ejector to

form a puddle.
(4) Place a fired or dummy case under the lip of the
extractor. Refer to Figure 3-61.
(5) Using a rocking motion, press the case down
against the ejector. The ejector is spring loaded
and some resistance will be felt.
(6) Press on the case until it stops against the bolt
face.
(7) Ease the pressure on the thumb slightly and press
down again.
(8) Repeat several times.
(9) Replace the CLP frequently.
(10) When the spring action of the ejector is smooth
and strong, remove any excess CLP. Refer to
Figure 3-61.
Figure 3-61. Lubricate Ejector
3-57
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
d. Carrier Key. Clean well with pipe cleaner and CLP.

Figure 3-62. Lubricate Carrier Key

e. Lower Receiver Group.
(1) Remove all areas of powder, fouling, corrosion
and dirt.
(2) Wipe dirt from trigger mechanism.
(3) Clean buffer, action spring and inside lower
receiver extension.
(4) Clean lower receiver extension and buttstock.
3-58
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
DO NOT REMOVE INNER HEAT SHIELDS.

f. Handguard.
(1) Remove handguards.
(2) Wipe with cloth and CLP.
g. Front Sight. Clean with brush and CLP.
h. Compensator. Scrub with brush and CLP between
compensator slots.
i. Rear Sight. Clean with brush and CLP.
3-24. INSPECT BEFORE LUBRICATING.
If items are found to be unsatisfactory during inspection,
refer to higher level maintenance.
WARNING
DO NOT INTERCHANGE BOLTS BETWEEN
WEAPONS.
a. Bolt. Inspect for cracks or fractures, especially in the
cam pin hole and bolt lug area. Bolts containing pits
extending into the firing pin hole need to be replaced.
b. Firing Pin Retaining Pin. Inspect for bent or badly
worn pin.
c. Cam Pin. Inspect for cracked, chipped or missing
pins.
3-59
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
d. Firing Pin. Inspect for bent, cracked, blunted or sharp

end.
e. Extractor and Extractor Spring. Inspect extractor for
chipped or broken edges in the area of the lip that
engages the cartridge rim. Check inside the extractor
spring to make sure the rubber insert is in place.
3-25. CLP - CLEANER, LUBRICANT AND
PRESERVATIVE.
a. CLP performs the following:
(1) Dissolves firing residue and carbon.
(2) Provides a layer of Teflon as it dries to provide
lubrication.
(3) Prevents rust from forming.
DO NOT DRY CLEAN THE WEAPON. DO NOT

USE HOT WATER OR OTHER SOLVENTS TO
CLEAN THE WEAPON. THIS WILL REMOVE
THE TEFLON LUBRICANT BUILT UP AS A
RESULT OF USING CLP. IF CLP IS NOT USED,
RBC MAY BE USED TO REMOVE CARBON
WITHIN THE BORE.
b. Use CLP as follows:
(1) Shake bottle well before each use.
(2) Place a few drops on a patch or rag.
(3) Clean the weapon with patches and rags until no
residue is found.
(4) Use a patch or rag and apply a fresh, light coat.
3-60
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
3-26. LUBRICATION.
Under all but the coldest arctic conditions, CLP is the
lubricant to be used on the weapon. Remove excessive
lubricant from the bore and chamber before firing. For a
lubricant guide, refer to Figure 3-63.
NOTE
DRY CLEANING SOLVENT MAY BE USED TO
COMPLETELY REMOVE LUBRICANTS. WHEN
MOVING TO EXTREME COLD WEATHER
OPERATIONS, REMOVE TRACES OF CLP BEFORE
APPLYING LAW.
Figure 3-63. Lubricant Guide

a. Upper Receiver.
(1) Lightly lubricate inside of upper receiver, bore
and chamber, outer surfaces of barrel and front
sight and surfaces under handguard.
3-61
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Depress front sight detent and apply one drop

CLP to front sight detent. Depress detent several
times to work lubricant into the spring. Refer to
Figure 3-64.
Figure 3-64. Lubricate Front Sight

b. M4A1 CQBW / M16A4 Upper Receiver and
Carrying Handle.
(1) Apply one or two drops of lubricant to both
threaded studs.
3-62
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(2) Lightly lubricate the clamping bar and both round

nuts. Refer to Figure 3-65.
Figure 3-65. Lubricate Carrying Handle

(3) Lightly lubricant the mating surfaces of the
carrying handle assembly and upper receiver.
3-63
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
c. Bolt Carrier Group.
APPLY ONLY A LIGHT COAT OF CLP TO

FIRING PIN AND FIRING PIN RECESS IN BOLT.
(1) Dry with pipe cleaner and place one drop of CLP.
DO NOT USE Q-TIPS TO CLEAN CARRIER KEY.
Figure 3-66. Apply CLP to Carrier Key

(2) Generously lubricate the outside of the firing pin
retaining pin, cam pin and bolt. Pay special
attention to cam pin area, bolt rings and outside
3-64
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
of the bolt body. Apply a light coat to extractor

and pin. Refer to Figure 3-67.
Figure 3-67. Lubricate Bolt Carrier Group

(3) Lightly lubricate the charging handle and the
inner and outer surfaces of bolt carrier.
Generously lubricate slide and cam pin area of
bolt carrier. Refer to Figure 3-68.
Figure 3-68. Lubricate Slide and Bolt Carrier

d. Lower Receiver Group.
(1) Lightly lubricate inside lower receiver extension.
(2) Generously lubricate takedown, pivot pins and
detents.
3-65
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(3) Lightly lubricate all moving parts inside lower

receiver and pins. Refer to Figure 3-69.
Figure 3-69. Lubricate Lower Receiver Extension Parts

e. Adjustable Rear Sight.
NOTE
NOTE LOCATION OF THE SIGHTS BEFORE
CLEANING. THIS ENSURES THE SIGHTS ARE
RETURNED TO THE ORIGINAL POSITION AT
COMPLETION OF THE TASK.
(1) Moving Parts. Apply one drop of CLP to the
moving parts listed below. Rotate parts to ensure
lubricant is spread evenly. Refer to Figure 3-70.
Figure 3-70. Lubricate Adjustable Rear Sight

3-66
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
(a) Elevation knob

(b) Elevation screw shaft (top and bottom)
(c) Windage knob (maximum five clicks left or
right)
(d) Windage screw
(e) Detent spring holes
(f) Aperture (flip up and down).
(2) Elevation Screw Shaft. Lubricate from inside the
upper receiver as follows:
(a) Turn upper receiver upside down.
(b) Remove charging handle.
(c) Place two or three drops around the bottom
edge of the elevation screw shaft and in
elevation detent spring hole.
(d) Rotate the elevation dial as far as possible
several times while keeping upper receiver
upside down.
3-27. AFTER LUBRICATION OF REAR SIGHT.
a. Reset correct zero windage and battle sight zero.
Refer to paragraph 2-5.
b. The rear sight comes down when the #3 is aligned
with the mark on the left side of the receiver.
c. A click will be felt when the #3 first lines up with the
mark.
3-67
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
d. Keep the sight on 300 meters to keep dirt and water

out of the sight mechanism and to protect the sight
from damage.
3-28. LUBRICATION AFTER AMPHIBIOUS
OPERATIONS.
a. If the rear sight is exposed to salt water, thoroughly
clean as soon as the tactical situation allows.
b. Thoroughly rinse the rear sight in fresh water until
the tactical situation allows it to be cleaned with
CLP.
3-29. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE CHECKS AND
SERVICES.
a. General. To ensure the readiness of the weapon,
perform preventive maintenance procedures prior to
each mission in accordance with Table 3-1.
Preventive maintenance procedures include
inspection, cleaning and performance of the checkout
procedures.
b. Explanation of PMCS Table Columns and Entries.
(1) Item Number. Numbers in this column act as
references. When completing an Equipment
Inspection and Maintenance Worksheet, include
the item number for the check / service item. Item
numbers appear in the order in which checks and
services are to be completed.
(2) Interval. This column lists when the procedures
stated in the procedure column must be done.
BEFORE procedures must be done prior to
operating the equipment for its intended mission.
DURING procedures must be done while
operating the equipment for its intended mission.
3-68
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
AFTER procedures must be done immediately

following the operation of the equipment.
(3) Location, Item to Check / Service. This column
provides the location to be checked or serviced.
The item location is underlined.
(4) Procedure. This column states the procedure to
check or service the item listed in the Check /
Service column to ensure the equipment is ready
for the intended mission. The procedure must
follow the time stated in the interval column.
(5) Not Fully Mission Capable If: This column states
what faults will keep the weapon from being
capable of performing the primary mission. If the
check and service procedures result in finding
faults listed in this column, do not operate the
equipment. Follow standard operating procedures
for maintaining the equipment or reporting
equipment failure.
c. Other Table Entries. Observe all special information
and notes appearing in the table.
WARNINGS
PROCEDURES
DO NOT KEEP LIVE AMMUNITION NEAR THE
WORK AREA.
3-69
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Table 3-1. Preventive Maintenance Checks and

Services (PMCS)
Item
No.
Interval
Location
Item to Check /
Service
1.
Before
Visual
Inspection of
Weapon
Check the
weapon for
missing or
damaged parts.
Report missing
or damaged
parts to armorer.
Parts are
missing or
damaged to
the point of
being
unserviceable.
2.
During
Periodic
Inspection of
Weapon
Periodically
check weapon to
make sure it is
clean and there
is no foreign
material in bore.
If foreign
material is in
bore, clean bore
(paragraph 316).
Foreign
material is in
bore.
3.
Before & Magazine

After
4.
Before & Upper Receiver After

Barrel
5.
Upper Receiver Carrying Handle

Assembly
3-70
Procedure
Not Fully
Mission
Capable If:
Magazine slips
easily into the
magazine well
and locks in
place.
Magazine is
distorted or is
hard to seat in
magazine well.
Magazine
follower has
sprung tension
and moves easily
inside of
magazine.
Magazine
follower is
stuck or has
weak spring
tension.
Check for barrel

looseness (using
hand pressure
only).
Barrel is loose
enough to be
moved by
hand.
Check for missing

or damaged parts
and ensure the
handle assembly
will mount to the
upper receiver.
Handle
assembly is
missing, has
damaged parts
or will not
mount to upper
receiver.
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

Services (PMCS) (Continued)
Item
No.
Interval
Location
Procedure
Not Fully
Mission
Capable If:
Item to Check /
Service
6.
Before & Upper ReceiverAfter

Handguards
Check for
tightness of
retaining clip.
Check for cracks
or missing parts.
Retaining clip
fails to serve
handguards.
7.
Before & Upper ReceiverAfter

Compensator
Check for
looseness.
Compensator
is loose.
8.
Before & Lower ReceiverAfter

Magazine Catch
Check magazine
catch for spring
tension and
retention of
magazine. (Note:
perform this
check with the
weapon
assembled.)
Magazine
catch has no
spring tension
or does not
retain or
release
magazine.
Before
Insert magazine
into well. The
magazine catch
should hold the
magazine in place.
Pressing the
magazine catch
button should
release the
magazine. To
adjust the
magazine catch,
use the cleaning
rod to press in on
the magazine
catch button until
the left side of the
magazine catch
sticks out beyond
the receiver. To
tighten, turn the
magazine catch
clockwise; to
loosen, turn it
counterclockwise.
The magazine
catch will not
retain or
release the
magazine.
Magazine Catch
(Function)
3-71
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

Item
No.
Interval
Location
Procedure
Item to Check /
Service
9.
Before & Lower ReceiverAfter

Buttstock
10.
Before & Weapon Sights

Move front and
After
(Zero Adjustment) rear sights to
make sure they
can be adjusted.
Return sights to
zero setting on
weapon.
Check for cracks, Buttstock is

looseness and
loose.
missing parts.
11.
Before
& After
Maintenance
Performed
During Firing
Operations
Clean and
lubricate
weapon
(paragraph 3-16)
after firing
approximately
200 rounds of
ammunition or
at the end of the
day.
12.
After
Maintenance of
Weapon and
Equipment
Disassemble
weapon
(paragraph 312). Clean and
lubricate
according to
paragraph 3-16.
Disassemble
magazine
(paragraph 314). Clean and
lubricate
bayonet and
scabbard.
Report all
damaged or
missing parts to
unit armorer.
3-72
Not Fully
Mission
Capable If:
The sights are

damaged,
missing or
cannot be
adjusted.
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

Item
No.
Interval
13a.
Functional
Check
Location
Procedure
Item to Check /
Service
Safety Selector
Level: SAFE
Place selector
lever on SAFE.
Pull charging
handle to rear
and release
*slowly. Slowly
release the
trigger without
stops or
hesitations. Pull
trigger. Hammer
should not fall.
Not Fully
Mission
Capable If:
Hammer
falls.
*NOTE
Slow is defined
as 1/4 to 1/2 the
normal rate of
trigger release.
13b.
Selector Lever:
SEMI
Place selector
lever on SEMI.
Pull trigger and
hold to rear.
Hammer should
fall. Pull
charging handle
to rear and
release. Release
trigger and pull
again. Hammer
should fall.
Hammer does
not fall.
13c.
Selector Lever:
BURST
Place selector
lever on BURST
(M16A2 and
M4 only). Pull
charging handle
to rear and
release. Release
trigger. Pull
trigger again.
Hammer should
fall.
Hammer does
not fall.
3-73
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

Item
No.
13d.
3-74
Interval
Location
Item to Check /
Service
Procedure
Selector Lever:
AUTO
AUTO (CQBW
only): Pull the
charging handle
to the rear,
cocking the
weapon.
Squeeze the
trigger; hammer
should fall. Hold
the trigger to the
rear and cock
the weapon
again. Fully
release the
trigger and
squeeze it again.
The hammer
should not fall
because it
should have
fallen when the
bolt was
allowed to move
forward during
the chambering
and locking
sequences.
Not Fully
Mission
Capable If:
Hammer does
not fall.
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
CHAPTER 4
TROUBLESHOOTING
4-1. MALFUNCTIONS.
Table 4-1 lists common malfunctions that may occur with the
equipment. Perform the tests, inspections and corrective actions in
the order shown in the table. The table cannot list all the
malfunctions, tests and inspections needed to determine the
problem, or all of the corrective actions needed to correct the
problem. If the weapon malfunction is not listed or actions listed
do not correct the fault, notify unit armorer.
4-1
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Table 4-1. Troubleshooting
PROBLEM
Won't fire
CHECK FOR
WHAT TO DO
a. Selector lever on
SAFE.
b. Magazine seated
properly.
c. Check magazine
for damage.
d. Light indentation
on the primer
e. Improper assembly
of firing pin.
a. Place selector lever

on SEMI or BURST.
b. Reseat magazine.
f. Too much oil in

firing pin recess.
Wont fire
BURST
Bolt won't
unlock
Won't
extract
g. Defective
ammunition.
h. Excessive carbon
on firing pin or in
firing pin recess.
a. Check magazine
for ammunition.
b. Selector lever on
BURST.
a. Dirty or burred
bolt.
a. Dirty or corroded
ammunition.
b. Broken extractor
spring.
c. Carbon in
chamber.
4-2
c. Replace magazine.
d. Notify unit armorer.
e. Assemble firing pin
correctly. Retaining
pin goes in back of
large shoulder of
firing pin.
f. Clean firing pin
recess with pipe
cleaner.
g. Remove and discard
ammunition.
h. Clean firing pin and /
or firing pin recess.
a. Load ammunition.
b. Place selector lever
on BURST.
a. Contact the NCO or
unit armorer.
a. Remove magazine.
Push out jammed
cartridge with
cleaning rod.
b. Contact unit armorer.
c. Clean chamber.
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Table 4-1. Troubleshooting (Continued)
PROBLEM
Wont
extract
(contd)
CHECK FOR
d. Restricted
movement of bolt
carrier group.
e. Fouling or carbon
in extractor recess
or lip.
f. Frozen extractor.
Won't feed
Double
feed
Won't
chamber
Won't lock
g. Restricted buffer
assembly.
a. Magazine not fully
seated.
b. Dirty or corroded
ammunition.
c. Dirty magazine.
d. Defective
magazine.
e. Too many rounds
in magazine.
f. Action of buffer
assembly is
restricted.
a. Defective
magazine.
ammunition.
b. Damaged
ammunition.
c. Carbon in chamber
or on gas tube.
a. Dirt, corrosion or
carbon build-up in
barrel locking lugs.
WHAT TO DO
d. Remove, clean and

lube bolt carrier
group. (Before
replacing bolt, check
gas tube fits into
carrier key and the
carrier moves freely.)
e. Clean extractor.
f. Remove and clean
extractor.
g. Remove and clean
buffer assembly.
a. Fully seat magazine.
b. Clean or replace
ammunition.
c. Clean magazine.
d. Replace magazine.
e. Remove excess
cartridges.
f. Remove buffer and
spring and clean.
a. Replace magazine.
a. Clean or replace
ammunition.
b. Replace ammunition.
c. Clean chamber.
a. Clean lugs.
4-3
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
PROBLEM
CHECK FOR
Short recoil
a. Gaps in bolt rings

(not staggered).
b. Carbon or dirt in
carrier key or on
outside of gas tube.
c. Q-tip, pipe cleaner
stuck inside carrier
key.
bolt latch.
a. Stagger ring gaps.
a. Round jammed
between bolt and
charging handle
and / or double
feed.
a. Remove magazine.
Push in on the bottom
of the bolt latch.
Bolt fails to
lock after
last round
Bolt carrier
hung up
WHAT TO DO
b. Clean carrier and gas

tube.
c. Return weapon to
armorer.
a. Clean bolt latch.
WARNING
KEEP CLEAR OF
MUZZLE.
AFTER ROUND IS
REMOVED, BOLT IS
UNDER TENSION.
While bolt is held to
rear, round should fall
through magazine well.
NOTE
IF THE PROCEDURE
FAILS, USE A
CLEANING ROD TO
PUSH BOLT FULLY
TO REAR THROUGH
EJECTION PORT.
4-4
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
PROBLEM
Selector lever
binds
Handguard
retaining clip
fails to serve
handguards
CHECK FOR
a. Needs lubrication.
b. Dirt or sand under
trigger.
a. Check for
tightness of
retaining clip.
b. Check for cracks
or missing parts.
WHAT TO DO
a. Lubricate with
CLP.
b. Clean trigger.
a. Replace
handguards.
b. Replace
handguards.
4-5/ (4-6 blank)
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
APPENDIX A
REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS
A-1. SCOPE.
This appendix lists all forms, field manuals, technical
manuals, tables, regulations, standards and miscellaneous
publications referenced in this manual.
A-2. MARINE CORPS ORDERS.
MCO 4855.10
Product Quality Deficiency Report

(PQDR)
A-3. TECHNICAL MANUALS.

TM 4700-15/1
TM 10470A-12&P/1
TM 10471A-12&P/1
TM 07700A-23&P/2
TM 9150-15/1
Ground Equipment Record

Procedures
Target Pointer Illuminator /
Aiming Light
Operators Manual for the Laser
Boresight System
M203 Grenade Launcher
Organizational and Intermediate
Maintenance Manual
Military Use of Cleaner, Lubricant,
Preservative (CLP) for Weapons
and Support Equipment
A-4. FORMS.
NAVMC 10772
Recommended Changes to
Technical Publications
A-5. MILITARY STANDARDS.

MIL-STD-1913
Dimensioning of Accessory
Mounting Rail for Small Arms
Weapon
A-1/(A-2 blank)
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
APPENDIX B
LIST OF COMPONENTS
B-1. SCOPE.
This publication lists all components and accessories for
collection-type supply items, such as major combinations,
systems, groups, outfits sets or assortments. The components to
be issued with the end item are identified under the heading of
SUPPLY SYSTEM RESPONSIBILITY and when required,
under the heading COLLATERAL MATERIEL. End items
requiring collateral materiel are governed by whether the end
item is initial issue or replacement issue. The Marine Corps
Logistics Base, Albany, GA will direct whether the initial issue
of the end item is with a collateral material set or replacement
issue without collateral materiel. The components to be issued
will consist of the quantity of items annotated in the
QUANTITY USED IN UNIT column. The USING UNIT
RESPONSIBILITY heading will reflect those items that are to
be requisitioned separately through the supply system when
applicable.
B-2. EXPLANATION OF COLUMNS.
This listing comprises the major portion of this publication.
The data, arranged in columnar form, presents the information
needed to identify the item and determine its type of issue.
a. Item Number (Column 1). This column specifies a
number assignment for each item as it appears in the
list. Numbers are assigned in sequence and are for
reference purposes only.
b. Stock Number (Column 2). This column furnishes the
National Stock Number (NSN) assigned to the item.
c. Reference Designator / Figure-Key (Column 3). This
column indicates circuit-symbol number designators or
figure and index numbers to refer an item to a circuit
diagram or illustration.
B-1
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
d. Item Identification / Model (Column 4). This column
provides the item name, description and model listed
under the heading of either SUPPLY SYSTEM
RESPONSIBILITY, COLLATERAL MATERIEL or
USING UNIT RESPONSIBILITY. (If weapon model is
not identified item applies to all weapons).
e. Unit of Measure (Column 5). This column gives the
measurement standard of each item. It may or may not
be the same as the unit of issue. For example, the unit of
issue of a certain wire is coil but only 4 feet are required
for the end item. Therefore, the unit of measure shown
will not be used for requisitioning purposes. For the
proper unit of issue and other required management
data, refer to the applicable Management Data List
(ML) when requisitioning.
f. Quantity Used in Unit (Column 6). This column lists the
total quantity of an item according to the unit of
measure, required for full functional operation of the
end item.
B-3. SUPPLY SUPPORT CATEGORIES.
a. Supply System Responsibility. All or a portion of the
items in this category, as appropriate for the type of
issue, will be furnished by the supply system. Any item
requiring replacement, while the end item is outside the
stores distribution system is the responsibility of the
holding organization or using unit.
b. Collateral Material. All of the items in this category will
be furnished with the end item when the end item is
being shipped as initial issue. The 9999-00-000-000
NSN shown under the heading of COLLATERAL
MATERIEL is for control within the distribution system
only, and is not authorized for requisitioning purposes.
c. Using Unit Responsibility. Items in this category will
not be issued with the end item. They must be
requisitioned through the supply system. The end item
will be complete only when the total quantity of items
B-2
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
shown in the QUANTITY USED IN UNIT column as
well as those items listed under the heading SUPPLY
SYSTEM RESPONSIBILITY and COLLATERAL
MATERIEL are on hand.
B-4. 5TH ECHELON REHABILITATION PROGRAM.
Major items returned under this program will be evacuated
under the provision(s) of the applicable Marine Corps
Orders(s) with the items listed under Supply System
Responsibility. Repair, rebuild and replacement under a 5th
Echelon rehabilitation program will be limited to these items
only. Those items under the heading COLLATERAL
MATERIEL shall be held by using organizations for
application to the replacement end items.
B-5. REQUEST FOR ADDITIONAL COPIES.
Additional copies of this publication may be requisitioned
through the MCPDS on line requisition.
B-6. SPECIAL NOTES
a. Rifle, 5.56mm, M16A2. This weapon will be reported
on Unit Property Control Records under NSN 1005-01128-9936. Rifle, 5.56mm, M16A2, includes 1 each
magazine, NSN 1005-00-921-5004.
b. Rifle, 5.56mm, M16A4. This weapon will be reported
on Unit Property Control Records under NSN 1005-01357-2872. Rifle, M16A4 includes 1 each magazine,
NSN 1005-00-921-5004.
c. Carbine, 5.56mm, M4. This weapon will be reported on
Unit Property Control Records under NSN 1005-01231-0973. Carbine, 5.56mm, M4 includes 1 each
magazine, NSN 1005-00-921-5004.
B-3
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
d. Carbine, 5.56mm, M4A1. This weapon will be reported
on Unit Property Control Records under NSN 1005-013821-0953. Carbine, 5.56mm, M4 includes 1 each
magazine, NSN 1005-00-921-5004.
e. Maintenance Forms and Records. Marine Corps users
maintain forms and records as prescribed by TM 470015/1. Department of the Army forms and records will be
those prescribed by DA PAM 738-750.
B-4
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
LIST OF COMPONENTS
Figure B-1. Standard Cleaning Kit
Figure B-2. Magazine and Sling
B-5
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure B-3. Otis Cleaning Kit
B-6
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Figure B-4. Handguard Sections
B-7
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Table B-1. List of Components

1
ITEM
NO.
2
STOCK
NUMBER
9150-01-102-1473
B-1
CLEANER,
LUBRICANT AND
PRESERVATIVE,
BREAK-FREE CLP:
2/3 oz, CAGE 65983
EA
1005-00-999-1435
B-1
BRUSH, CLEANING,
SMALL ARMS: PN
8432358 / CAGE
19204
EA
1005-00-903-1296
B-1
BRUSH, CLEANING,
SMALL ARMS: PN
11686340 / CAGE
19204
EA
1005-00-937-2250
B-1
SWAB HOLDER
SECTION, SMALL
ARMS CLEANING
ROD: PN 11686327 /
CAGE 19204
BT
1005-01-449-9257
B-l
PATCHES,
CLEANING, SMALL
CAL.: PN 921 / CAGE
01VS3
EA
1005-00-050-6357
B-1
ROD SECTION
CLEANING, SMALL
ARMS: PN 8436775 /
CAGE 19204
EA
1005-01-113-0321 B-1
ROD SECTION,
CLEANING, SMALL
ARMS: PN 8436776 /
CAGE 19204
EA
1005-00-494-6602 B-1
BRUSH, CLEANING,
SMALL ARMS: ON
8448462 / CAGE
19204
EA
B-8
3
4
5
6
REF
ITEM
UNIT QTY
DES IDENTIFICATION
OF USED
FIG
MEAS IN
KEY
UNIT
COLLATERAL MATERIEL
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Table B-1. List of Components (Continued)

1
ITEM
NO.
2
STOCK
NUMBER
3
4
5
6
REF
ITEM
UNIT QTY
DES IDENTIFICATION
OF USED
FIG
MEAS IN
KEY
UNIT
1005-00-403-5804
CASE, SMALL
ARMS, CLEANING
ROD: PN 8448751 /
CAGE 19204
EA
10
1005-00-921-5004 B-2
MAGAZINE
CARTRIDGE: 30
round; PN 8448670 /
CAGE 19200
EA
11
1005-01-083-8113 B-2
SMALL ARMS
SLING: PN 11833432
/ CAGE 19200
EA
12
1005-01-448-8513 B-3
CLEANING KIT,
GUN (Soft Belt-Pak):
PN 223 / CAGE
01VS3 (M16, M4 and
M4A1 CQBW only)
KIT CONSISTS OF:
EA
13
1005-01-449-9683 B-3
CASE, SMALL
ARMS,: PN 911-7 /
CAGE 01VS3
EA
14
1005-01-449-8934 B-3
ROD, FLEXIBLE
CLEANING: PN C30-5 / CAGE 01VS3
EA
15
9510-01-102-1473 B-3
CLEANER,
LUBRICANT AND
PRESERVATIVE: PN
900 / CAGE 65983
EA
16
6640-00-663-0832 B-3
LENS CLEANING
CLOTHS: PN 240-4
EA
17
B-3
LENS CLEANING
SOLUTION
EA
18
1005-01-445-6798 B-3
BRUSH SET,
CLEANING, SMALL
ARMS: PN 3762 /
CAGE 01VS3
EA
B-9
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

1
ITEM
NO.
2
STOCK
NUMBER
3
4
5
6
REF
ITEM
UNIT QTY
DES IDENTIFICATION
OF USED
FIG
MEAS IN
KEY
UNIT
19
1005-01-452-8675 B-3
ROD, CLEANING,
SMALL ARMS: PN
C-8-7 / CAGE 01VS3
EA
20
1005-01-449-9257 B-3
PATCH, SMALL
CAL.: PN 921 /
CAGE 01VS3
EA
10
21
1005-01-912-4248 B-3
Q-TIPS, PN 240-5
EA
22
1005-01-449-9277 B-3
ADAPTER, ROD
HANDLE: PN 9100 /
CAGE 01SV3
EA
23
1005-01-445-5889 B-3
HANDLE,
CLEANING ROD: PN
9098 CAGE 01VS3
EA
24
1005-01-449-8902 B-3
HANDLE, TEE: PN
01-5 CAGE 01VS3
EA
25
1010-01-445-6797 B-3
BRASS SCRAPER:
PN 206K / CAGE
01VS3
EA
26
1005-01-449-9943 B-3
PICK: PN 100-39-5 /
CAGE 01VS3
EA
27
1005-01-449-9674 B-3
ADAPTER, NATO:
PN 316-5 / CAGE
01VS3
EA
28
1005-01-449-8928 B-3
BRUSH, END: PN
318-5 / CAGE 01VS3
EA
29
1005-01-449-9315 B-3
TIP, SLOTTED: PN
202-5 / CAGE 01VS3
EA
30
1005-01-449-9672 B-3
REMOVER,
OBSTRUCTION: PN
104-5 / CAGE 01VS3
EA
31
1005-01-449-9159 B-3
BRUSH, CLEANING,
SMALL ARMS: PN
335 / CAGE 01VS3
EA
B-10
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

1
ITEM
NO
32
33
2
STOCK
NUMBER
3
4
5
6
REF
ITEM
UNIT QTY
DES IDENTIFICATION
OF USED
FIG
MEAS IN
KEY
UNIT
1005-01-449-8980 B-3
NSN PENDING
B-3
BRUSH, CLEANING,
SMALL ARMS: PN
325 / CAGE 01VS3
EA
BORE LITE, RED

FIBER OPTIC
EA
EA
34
1005-01-445-6799 B-3
35
1005-01-453-5386 B-4
RAIL COVER, 11
RIB (RAS) M16A4,
PN 1273132 / CAGE
19200
EA
36
1005-01-452-3527 B-4
ADAPTER RAIL,
WEAPON: PN
12973095 / CAGE
19200 (M4A1
CQBW)
EA
37
1005-01-453-5386 B-4
RAIL COVER, 11
RIB: PN 12973132 /
CAGE 19200
M16A4
M4A1 CQBW
EA
EA
4
4
RAIL COVER, 9 RIB

PN 12973134 / CAGE
19200
M16A4
EA
RAIL COVER, 6 RIB:

PN 12973135 / CAGE
19200
M16A4
M4A1 CQBW
EA
EA
1
2
38
39
BRUSH SET,
CLEANING, SMALL
ARMS: PN 324K /
CAGE 01VS3
END OF CLEANING KIT
1005-01-453-5383 B-4
1005-01-453-4222 B-4
B-11
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

1
ITEM
NO
2
STOCK
NUMBER
3
4
5
6
REF
ITEM
UNIT QTY
DES IDENTIFICATION
OF USED
FIG
MEAS IN
KEY
UNIT
40
1005-01-453-4221 B-4
RAIL COVER, 5
RIB: PN 12973136 /
CAGE 19200
M16A4
EA
41
1005-01-453-4223 B-4
RAIL COVER, 4
RIB: PN 12973137 /
CAGE 19200
M16A4
M4A1 CQBW
EA
EA
1
1
RAIL COVER, 2
RIB: PN 12973138 /
CAGE 19200
M4A1 CQBW
EA
GRIP, RIFLE: PN
12973101 / CAGE
19200
M16A4
M4A1 CQBW
EA
EA
1
1
42
43
1005-01-453-4228 B-4
1005-01-453-6655 B-4
USING UNIT RESPONSIBILITY

44
1005-00-193-8306
BAG, PROTECTIVE
MAGAZINE: PN
8448464 / CAGE
19204
45
1005-00-118-6192
FIRING
ATTACHMENT
BLANK
AMMUNITION: PN
12002900 / CAGE
19204 (M16 ONLY)
EA
A/R
46
1005-00-242-5687
BOTTLE
ASSEMBLY, CYL:
PN 8448444 / CAGE
19204 (1 OZ
BOTTLE FOR LAW)
AY
A/R
B-12
A/R
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

1
ITEM
NO.
2
STOCK
NUMBER
3
4
5
6
REF
ITEM
UNIT QTY
DES IDENTIFICATION
OF USED
FIG
MEAS IN
KEY
UNIT
47
5340-00-880-7666
CAP, PROTECTIVE,
DUST AND
MOISTURE SEAL:
PN 8445067 / CAGE
19204
HD
A/R
48
1005-00-809-2190
COVER,
PROTECTIVE,
RIGHT: PN 8448213 /
CAGE 19204
BX
A/R
49
1005-00-406-1570
KIT, ADAPTER, TOP

SLING: PN 8448471 /
CAGE 19204
EA
A/R
50
1005-00-233-9031
LOCKING, PLATE
NUT AND BOLT: PN
8448676 / CAGE
19204
EA
A/R
51
1095-00-223-7164
SCABBARD,
BAYONET-KNIFE
M8A1 or M10: PN
8448476 / CAGE
19204
EA
52
1005-01-216-4510
SLING, SMALL
ARMS (Ml6A2): PN
12624561 / CAGE
19204
EA
53
1005-01-368-9852
SLING, SMALL
ARMS (M4A1
CQBW Carbine): PN
12011996 / CAGE
19200
EA
B-13
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

1
ITEM
NO.
2
STOCK
NUMBER
54
1005-01-361-8208
FIRING
ATTACHMENT,
BLANK
AMMUNITION: PN
12597837 / CAGE
19200 M23 (M4 /
M4A1 CQBW
Carbine) Yellow
(Training Only)
EA
A/R
55
8465-00-781-9564
CASE,
MAINTENANCE
EQUIPMENT
SMALL ARMS:
(CARBINE ONLY)
EA
A/R
56
9150-00-935-6597
LUBRICATING OIL,
SEMI-FLUID: PN
MILL46000 / CAGE
81349 (2 OZ)
BT
A/R
57
9150-00-889-3522
LUBRICATING OIL,
SEMI-FLUID: PN
8436793 / CAGE
19204 (4 OZ)
EA
A/R
58
1005-01-473-0324
SUPPRESSOR
EA
59
5855-01-448-5464
ILLUMINATOR,
INFRARED: PN VLI002 / CAGE 0B107
EXPENDABLES
EA
60
7920-00-205-1711
RAG, WIPING: PN
A-A-531 / CAGE
58536 (GSA 50 LB)
BE
A/R
61
9150-00-292-9689
LUBRICATING OIL,
WEAPONS (LAW):
PN MIL-L-14107 (1
quart can) / CAGE
81349
QT
A/R
B-14
3
4
5
6
REF
ITEM
UNIT QTY
DES IDENTIFICATION
OF USED
FIG
MEAS IN
KEY
UNIT
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Table B-2. Inventory Sheet

Inventory Sheet
Name of Equipment: M16A4 and M4Al CQBW Equipment
Item Stock Number Item ID Unit of Measure
No
Qty Used in Unit
Month
J FMAM J J A S O N D
1 9510-01-102-1473 Cleaner, ea 1
Lubricant
and
Preservative,
Breakfree CLP,
2/3 oz
2 1005-00-999-1435 Brush,
ea 1
Cleaning,
Small
Arms
3 1005-00-903-1296 Brush,
ea 1
Cleaning,
Small
Arms
4 1005-00-937-2250 Swab
ea 3
Holder
Section,
Small
Arms
Cleaning
Rod
5 1005-01-449-9257 Patches, ea 1
Cleaning
6 1005-00-050-6357 Rod
ea 3
Section
Cleaning,
Small
Arms
7 1005-01-113-0321 Rod
ea 1
Section
Cleaning,
Small
Arms
B-15
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
Table B-2. Inventory Sheet (Continued)

Inventory Sheet
Name of Equipment: M16A4 and M4Al Equipment
No
Qty Used in Unit
Month
J F MAM J J A S O N D
8 1005-00-494-6602 Brush,
ea
Cleaning,
Small
Arms
9 1005-00-403-5804 Case,
ea 1
Small
Arms,
Cleaning
Rod
10 1005-00-921-5004 Magazine ea 6
Cartridge
11 1005-01-083-8113 Small
Arms
Sling
ea 1
12 1005-01-448-8513 Cleaning ea 1
Kit, Gun
(M16 /
M4 /
M4A1
CQBW
Only)
13 1005-01-449-9683 Case,
ea 1
Small
Arms,
Cleaning
Rod
14 1005-01-449-8934 Rod,
ea 1
Flexible
Cleaning
15 9510-01-102-1473 Cleaner, ea 1
Lubricant
And
Preservative
B-16
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

Inventory Sheet
Name of Equipment: M16A4 and M4Al Equipment
No
Qty Used in Unit
Month
J FMAM J J A S O N D
16 6640-00-663-0832 Lens
ea 1
Cleaning
Solution
and
Cloths
17
Lens
ea 1
Cleaning
Solution
18 1005-01-445-6798 Brush
ea 1
Set,
Cleaning,
Small
Arms
19 1005-01-452-8675 Rod,
ea 1
Cleaning,
Small
Arms
21 1005-01-912-4248 Q-Tips
ea 6
22 1005-01-449-9277 Adapter, ea 1
Rod
Handle
23 1005-01-445-5889 Handle, ea 1
Cleaning
Rod
24 1005-01-449-8902 Handle,
Tee
ea 1
25 1010-01-445-6797 Brass
ea 1
Scrapper
26 1005-01-449-9943 Pick
ea 1
27 1005-01-449-9674 Adapter, ea 1
NATO
28 1005-01-449-8928 Brush,
End
ea 1
B-17
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

Inventory Sheet
Name Of Equipment: M16A4 AND M4Al Equipment
Item Stock Number Item Id Unit Of Measure
No
Qty Used In Unit
Month
J FMAM J J A S ON D
29 1005-01-449-9315 Tip,
Slotted
ea 1
30 1005-01-449-9672 Remover, ea 1
Obstruction
31 1005-01-449-9159 Brush,
ea 1
Cleaning,
Small
Arms
32 1005-01-449-8980 Brush,
ea 1
Cleaning,
Small
Arms
33
NSN Pending
Bore Lite, ea 1
Red Fiber
Optic
35 1005-01-453-5386 Rail
ea 1
Cover
(RAS),
11 Rib
(M16A4)
36 1005-01-452-3527 Adapter ea 1
Rail,
Weapon
(M4A1)
37 1005-01-453-5386 Rail
Cover, 11
Rib
B-18
M16A4
ea
M4A1
CQBW
ea
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

Inventory Sheet
Name of Equipment: M16A4 And M4Al Equipment
Item Stock Number Item Id Unit of Measure
No
Qty Used In Unit
Month
J FMAM J J A S ON D
38 1005-01-453-5383 Rail
ea 1
Cover, 9
Rib
39 1005-01-453-4222 Rail
ea 2
Cover, 6
Rib
40 1005-01-453-4221 Rail
ea 2
Cover, 5
Rib
41 1005-01-453-4223 Rail
Cover, 4
Rib
M16A4
ea 1
M4A1
ea 1
42 1005-01-453-4228 Rail
Cover, 2
Rib
M4A1
43 1005-01-453-6655 Grip,
Rifle
ea 1
ea 1
M16A4
ea 1
M4A1
ea 1
44 1005-00-193-8306 Bag,
ea A/
ProtecR
tive,
Magazine
45 1005-00-118-6192 Firing
ea 1
Attachment,
Blank
Ammunition
B-19
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

Inventory Sheet
Name of Equipment: M16a4 And M4Al Equipment
No
Qty Used in Unit
Month
J FMAM J J A S ON D
ea A/
46 1005-00-242-5687 Bottle
Assembly, R
Cyl
47 5340-00-880-7666 Cap,
ea A/
ProtecR
tive, Dust
and
Moisture
Seal
48 1005-00-809-2190 Cover,
ea A/
ProtecR
tive, Rifle
49 1005-00-406-1570 Kit,
ea A/
Adapter,
R
Top Sling
50 1005-00-233-9031 Locking ea A/
Plate, Nut
R
and Bolt
51 1095-00-223-7164 Scabbard, ea A/
BayonetR
Knife
(M8A1 or
M10)
52 1005-01-216-4510 Sling,
ea 1
Small
Arms
(M16A2)
53 1005-01-368-9852 Sling,
ea 1
Small
Arms
(M4A1
Carbine)
B-20
TM 05538/10012-10A/1

Inventory Sheet
Name of Equipment: M16A4 andM4Al Equipment
No
Qty Used in Unit
Month
J FMAM J J A S ON D
54 1005-01-361-8208 Firing,
ea A/
AttachR
ment,
Blank
Ammunition M23
(M4)
Yellow
55 8465-00-781-9564 Case,
ea A/
MaintenR
ance
Equipment,
Small
Arms
58 1005-01-437-0324 Suppressor
ea A/
R
B-21/(B-22 blank)
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
APPENDIX C
AMMUNITION
C-1. USING TRACER AMMUNITION.
Use tracer ammunition to help hit the target during hours of
darkness or low light levels. Tracer ammunition is not as
effective as regular ball ammunition against most targets. Mix
tracer ammunition with the ball ammunition in magazine when
available. Refer to Figure C-1.
Figure C-1. Tracer Ammunition

NOTES
TRACER AMMUNITION IS RED TIPPED.
THE TOP THREE TRACERS HELP OPERATOR GET
ON TARGET.
THE TRACERS BETWEEN BALL ROUNDS HELP
OPERATOR STAY ON TARGET.
THE BOTTOM FOUR TRACERS ALERT OPERATOR
WHEN TO CHANGE MAGAZINES.
C-2. CHANGING MAGAZINES.

In combat, insert a fully loaded magazine before the one being
used is completely empty, if possible.
C-1
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
C-3. 5.56MM AMMUNITION.
Figure C-2. Ammunition Examples

WARNING
DO NOT FIRE...
C-2
SERIOUSLY CORRODED
AMMUNITION.
DENTED CARTRIDGES.
CARTRIDGES WITH LOOSE

BULLETS.
CARTRIDGES EXPOSED TO
EXTREME HEAT (135) UNTIL
COOLED.
CARTRIDGES WITH BULLET

PUSHED IN (SHORT ROUNDS).
TM 05538/10012-10A/1
WARNINGS
TURN IN ANY DAMAGED OR
OVERHEATED CARTRIDGES TO
RANGE NCO.
USE ONLY AUTHORIZED
AMMUNITION MANUFACTURED TO
U.S. OR NATO SPECIFICATIONS.
C-3/(C-4 blank)

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TM 05538/10012-10A/1

U.S. MARINE CORPS TECHNICAL MANUAL

DISTRIBUTION D: DISTRIBUTION AUTHORIZED TO DOD

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

NOTE: The portion of the text affected

TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS PUBLICATION IS 196,

Page No.*Change No.

Page No.*Change No.

4-1 4-5 ................... 0

*Zero in this column indicates an original page.

GENERAL INFORMATION AND

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION ........ 1-3

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS....2-1

SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE ..... 3-1

REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS .....A-1

Scope .......................................... A-1

LISTS OF COMPONENTS ..............B-1

Major Components M16A2 .............................1-9

Checking Chamber for Ammunition ................ 2-29

M4 / M4A1 CQBW Buttstock Assembly .........3-14

Swabbing Weapon............................................ 3-50

M16A2 Characteristics .......................................1-4

Never ride the charging handle. Allow it to

To prevent accidentally firing the weapon, use

Do not use a screwdriver or any other tool when

Disengage the pivot and takedown pins using

If the round nuts and the clamping bar are

Do not damage tip of tiring pin when pushing

Selector lever must be on SAFE or SEMI before

Do not apply lubricant to the plastic surfaces of

Do not remove the thermal liner from the lower

Do not remove the compensator for any reason.

Do not use tools to tighten the BFA attachment;

Do not use wire brushes. (Page 3-41)

Do not allow CLP to flow down into the

Do not mix lubricants on the same weapon. The

Do not bend or flex cleaning rod. Ensure the

Do not interchange parts from one weapon with

Do not remove inner heat shield. (Pages 3-54,

Do not dry clean the weapon. Do not use hot

Apply only a light coat of CLP to firing pin and

Do not use Q-tips to clean carrier key. (Page

After round is removed, bolt is under tension.

with 30 round magazine - 8.79

with compensator - 39-5/8

Rifling (RH 1/7 twist)

Chamber Pressure - 52,000 psi

Max Effective Rates of

Semi - 45 rounds per minute

Sustained Rate of Fire

12 / 15 rounds per minute

Max Effective Range

601.48 yards (550 meters)

3936.96 yards (3600 meters)

with 30 round magazine - 8.79

Rifling (RH 1/7 twist)

Cyclic Rate of Fire - 800

Max Effective Rates of

Semi - 45 rounds per minute

Sustained Rate of Fire