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    Couple Shear Wall

    Uploaded by

    Bhushan Raisinghani
    The document discusses coupled shear walls, which are shear walls connected by bending resistant elements. It describes how the walls can be connected rigidly or with pin connections, and the behavior in each case. Methods of analysis including approximate and exact methods are also covered.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Couple Shear Wall

    Uploaded by

    Bhushan Raisinghani
    287 views41 pages
    The document discusses coupled shear walls, which are shear walls connected by bending resistant elements. It describes how the walls can be connected rigidly or with pin connections, and the behavior in each case. Methods of analysis including approximate and exact methods are also covered.

    Original Description:

    Couple Shear Wall design and analysis.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    The document discusses coupled shear walls, which are shear walls connected by bending resistant elements. It describes how the walls can be connected rigidly or with pin connections, and the behavior in each case. Methods of analysis including approximate and exact methods are also covered.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    287 views41 pages

    Couple Shear Wall

    Uploaded by

    Bhushan Raisinghani
    The document discusses coupled shear walls, which are shear walls connected by bending resistant elements. It describes how the walls can be connected rigidly or with pin connections, and the behavior in each case. Methods of analysis including approximate and exact methods are also covered.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Coupled shear walls are shear wall systems connected by bending resistant elements like beams. This connection increases the stiffness of the wall system. Their behavior depends on the type of connection between the walls, ranging from individual wall action to fully composite action.

    Coupled shear walls are shear wall systems where the individual walls are connected by beams or other elements. Their behavior depends on if the connection allows for only axial forces or also allows for bending between the walls. Analysis also depends on the connection type.

    Approximate and exact methods can be used to analyze coupled shear wall systems. Approximate methods are simpler but have limitations while exact methods using tools like finite element analysis can model more complex structures and loadings.

    Couple Shear Wall

    Coupled shear wall


    In coupled shear wall, walls are connected by bending resistant
    elements .
    Presence of moment resisting connections greatly increase the
    stiffness of the wall system.

    Behavior of couple shear wall


    When shear wall is connected by pin ended links
    If shear walls is connected by pin-ended links that transmit only
    axial forces between them.
    Total external moment will be resisted individually by each wall
    separately
    maximum tensile and compressive stresses on opposite edges

    When shear wall is connected by Rigid beams


    If the walls are connected by rigid beams then applied moment
    will be resisted by the two walls acting as a single composite unit.
    Max. tensile and compressive stresses occurs at the opposite
    extreme edges.

    The practical solution of a pair of wall connected by flexible beam will


    be between these two extreme cases.
    When the wall deflect under the action of the lateral loads , the
    connecting beam ends are forced to rotate and displace vertically.
    So beams are bend in double curvature and resist free bending of the
    walls.

    Behavior of laterally loaded coupled system


    M=M1+M2+N*l

    Methods of analysis
    Approximate method

    This method is simpler and more co-operative for hand calculation.


    This method is restricted to regular structure and regular load system.
    Continuous medium method.

    Exact methods

    this method deal with irregular structures and complex loadings.


    To execute this method we need service of digital computer.
    Finite element method.

    The continuous medium method

    Basic assumption made in analysis are as follows


    The properties of the walls and connecting beams do not change over
    the height, and the story heights are constant.
    Plane sections before bending remain plane after bending for all
    structural members.
    The discrete set of connecting beams , each of flexural rigidity EIb may
    be replaced by an equivalent continuous connecting medium of
    flexural rigidity EIb/h per unit height, where h is story height.

    The walls deflects equally horizontally, as a result of the high inplane


    rigidity of surrounding floor slabs and the axial stiffness of the
    connecting beams. Slopes of the walls are everywhere equal along
    the height.
    The discrete set of axial forces , shear forces and bending moments in
    the connecting beams may than be replaced by equivalent
    continuous distribution of intensity n,q and m respectively per unit
    height.

    Internal forces in couple shear wall


    In particular if the connecting medium is assumed cut along the
    vertical line of contraflexure, the only forces acting there are shear
    force of intensity q per unit height and axial force of intensity n per
    unit height.
    So the axial force N in each wall at any level z will then be equal to the
    integral of the shear in connecting medium above that level.

    Internal forces in couple shear wall

    Consider the condition of vertical compatibility along the cut line of the contraflexure
    as shown in figure.
    Relative vertical displacements will occur at the cut ends of the cantilever due to
    following four basic actions

    Rotation of wall cross section due to bending

    Bending & Shearing deformations of the connecting


    beams under the action of the shear force.

    The effect of shear deformations in the connecting beams may


    readily be included by replacing the true flexural rigidity EIb by an
    equivalent flexural rigidity EIc.
    GA is the shearing rigidity.
    is the shape factor for shear. equal to 1.2 in the case of rectangular
    sections.

    Axial deformation of wall under action of axial force N

    Any Vertical or rotational relative displacement at the base

    In the original deflected structure there can be no relative vertical


    displacement on the line of contraflexure of the connecting beams.

    The last term will be zero in common case of rigid base

    On considering free bending due to externally applied moment M and


    reverse bending due to shear and axial forces in connecting medium ,
    the moment curvature relationship for two walls are at any level given
    by below equation

    Where Ma is moment caused by axial forces in connecting beams.

    I=I1+I2 and A=A1+A2

    Axial forces in walls

    Shear forces in connecting members

    Wall moments

    Deflections

    Significance of parameter kH

    Example of coupled shear wall

    Step 1:Determine the areas and second moment of area


    of connecting beam
    Wall properties:I1 = 1/12 * 53 * 0.3 =3.125 m4
    I2 = 1/12 * 73 * 0.3 =8.575 m4

    A1 = 5 * 0.3 =1.5 m2
    A2 = 7 * 0.3 = 2.1 m2

    I = I1 + I2 = 11.7 m4

    A = A1 + A2 = 3.6 m2

    For connecting beams, Assuming that entire cross section is effective


    Ib = 1/12 * 0.43 * 0.3 = 1.6 * 10-3 m4
    The second moment of area is reduced to include shear
    deformations.
    Assuming Poissons ratio v=0.15 for concrete
    So shear modulus
    G= E/(2*(1+v))=E/2.3

    Because of reduction effective second moment of area

    r = 12* 2.3 *1.6 * 10-3 * 1.2 / (22 * 0.4 *0.3)


    r = 0.1104
    Ic = 1.6 * 10-3 /(1+0.1104) = 1.441 * 10-3 m4

    Step 2 : Determine the structural parameter k, and kH

    K2 = 1+ (3.6 *11.7)/(1.5*2.1*82) =1.2089


    k= 1.0995

    2 = (12 * 1.4*10-3 * 82 )/(2.23 * 2.8 * 11.7)=3.1725 *10-3


    = 0.05633 m-1
    kH=1.0995 *0.05633 *56 =3.468

    Step 3:Calculate wind moment at base level and percentage of


    moment at this level carried by individual cantilever action(k1)
    and composite cantilever action (k2)
    Total base moment =1/2* 16.5 * 562 =25.872 kN.m
    Now for base level z=0 so z/H=0
    k1=42%
    k2=58%

    Portion of base moment due to individual cantilever action


    =0.42*25,872 =10,866 kN.m
    So moment on wall 1, M1= (3.125/11.7)*10,866 =2902 kN.m
    moment on wall 2, M2= (8.575/11.7)*10,866=7964 kN.m
    Portion of base moment due to composite cantilever action
    =0.58 * 25,872 = 15,006 kN.m

    Step 4: calculate second moment of area Ig of the composite


    cross section. Calculate the stresses at the extreme fibers of the
    walls , using ordinary beam theory.

    Ig= 3.125 + 8.575 + (1.5*2.1*82)/3.6 =67.7 m4


    Using ordinary beam theory, the stresses at the salient points A,B,C
    and D are , on adding the stressed due to individual and composite
    cantilever stresses.
    Taking tensile stress as positive.

    sa=(2902*2.5)/3.125
    sb=-(2902*2.5)/3.125
    sc=(7964*3.5)/8.575
    sd=-(7964*3.5)/8.575

    +(15,006*7.167)/67.7
    +(15,006*2.167)/67.7
    +(15,006*0.167)/67.7
    - (15,006*6.83)/67.7

    =3910 kN/m2
    =-1841 kN/m2
    =3288 kN/m2
    =-4765 kN/m2

    Step 5: Determine the maximum shear force factor and


    hence the shear force
    For value of maximum shear force factor kH =3.468, F2(max)=0.381
    at level z/H=0.39.

    Maximum shear flow qmax

    qmax =16.5*56*0.381/(1.2092*8)=36.39 kN/m


    So maximum possible shear in any connecting beam
    Qmax=qmax*h=36.39*2.8=101.9 kN
    Maximum possible moment in connecting beam
    Mmax=Qmax*(b/2)=101.9*1=101.9 kN.m

    Step 6: Determine the deflection factor F3 and maximum


    lateral deflection at top of the structure
    For kH =3.468 and k=1.0995 the value of maximum deflection factor
    is 0.333.

    Max deflection at top of the structure

    Assuming that the dynamic modulus of elasticity =36 kN/mm2


    Ymax=(16.5*564*0.333)/(8*36*106*11.7)=0.016 or 16mm

    Step 7: Axial force and bending moment

    Bending moment

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