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SQLplus Commands

The document summarizes SQL*Plus commands for running SQL scripts, setting substitution variables, editing the SQL buffer, formatting output, and connecting to and querying databases. Key commands include @ to run SQL scripts, && and & for substitution variables valid for the session or script, ACCEPT for user input, COLUMN to change column display width, and CONNECT, DISCONNECT, and EXIT for connecting, logging off, and exiting SQL*Plus.

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gsandyg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
623 views

SQLplus Commands

The document summarizes SQL*Plus commands for running SQL scripts, setting substitution variables, editing the SQL buffer, formatting output, and connecting to and querying databases. Key commands include @ to run SQL scripts, && and & for substitution variables valid for the session or script, ACCEPT for user input, COLUMN to change column display width, and CONNECT, DISCONNECT, and EXIT for connecting, logging off, and exiting SQL*Plus.

Uploaded by

gsandyg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQL*Plus commands

@pathname

Run (START) an SQL Script


@MyScript.sql parameter1 parameter2 parameter3
In the SQL-Script, refer to the parameters as &1,

&2, and &3.


@ScriptName.sql will call sub-scripts from the
current working directory of SQL*Plus.
@C:\work\oracle\ScriptName.sql will call a subscript from a specific directory.
@@pathname

Run (START) an SQL Script


@@ will call a sub-script from the same directory
as the main script.
&variable

A substitution variable

&&variable

A substitution variable valid for the session.

/
buffer

Execute (or re-execute) commands in the SQL*Plus


does not list commands before running.

ACCEPT

User input
ACC[EPT] variable [NUM[BER]|CHAR|DATE] [FORMAT

format]
[DEFAULT default] [PROMPT text|NOPROMPT] [HIDE]
APPEND
buffer.

Add text to the end of the current line in the


A[PPEND] text_to_add

BREAK
BTITLE
page.

Specify where and how formatting will change.


BREAK ON {column|expr|ROW|REPORT} action
Place and format a title at the bottom of each
BTITLE printspec [text|variable]
BTITLE [OFF|ON]

CHANGE
just typed.)

Change text on the current line (change what you


C /oldval/newval

CLEAR
TIMING}

Clear the SQL*Plus screen and the screen buffer.


CLEAR {BREAKS|BUFFER|COLUMNS|COMPUTES|SCREEN|SQL

COLUMN

Change display width of a column.

COMPUTE

Calculate and display totals.

CONNECT

Connect to a database as a specified user:


connect username/password@SID

COPY
remote)
DEFINE

Copy data from a query into a table (local or


User variables:
DEFINE varName = String
Display a user variable:
DEFINE varName
Display all variables:
DEFINE

DEL

Delete the current line in the SQL buffer.

DESC[RIBE]

Describe a table, column, view, synonym, function


procedure, package or package contents.

DISCONNECT

Logoff (but don't exit)

EDIT

Load the SQL*Plus buffer into an editor.


By default, saves the file to AFIEDT.BUF

EXECUTE

Run a single PLSQL statement


EXEC :answer := EMP_PAY.BONUS('SMITH')

EXIT [n]

Commit, logoff and exit (n = error code)


EXIT SQL.SQLCODE

GET file

Retrieve a previously stored command file.

HELP topic

Topic is an SQL PLUS command or HELP COMMANDS

HOST

Execute a host operating system command.


HOST CD scripts

INPUT

Edit sql buffer - add line(s) to the buffer.

LIST n m

Edit sql buffer - display buffer lines n to m


For all lines - specify m as LAST

PAUSE message

Wait for the user to hit RETURN.

PRINT variable List the value of a bind variable or REF


Cursor (see VARIABLE / SHOW)
PROMPT message
REMARK
RUN
buffer

Echo a message to the screen.

REMARK comment or --comment--

or /* comment */

Execute (or re-execute) commands in the SQL*Plus


Lists the commands before running.

RUNFORM
SAVE file
command file.

Run a SQL*Forms application.


Save the contents of the SQL*Plus buffer in a
SAVE file [CRE[ATE] | REP[LACE] | APP[END]]

SET

Display or change SQL*Plus settings.

SHOW

List the value of a system variable (see PRINT)

SHUTDOWN [ABORT|IMMEDIATE|NORMAL|TRANSACTIONAL]
SPOOL file

Store query results in file

SPOOL OFF

Turn off spooling


SPOOL OUT sends file to printer

SQLPLUS

Start SQL*Plus and connect to a database.

STA[RT]

Run an SQL Script (see @)

STARTUP [NoMOUNT|MOUNT|OPEN]
TIMING

Record timing data TIMING {START | SHOW | STOP}


see CLEAR TIMING

TTITLE

Define a page title

UNDEFINE
Delete a user/substitution variable
varName (see DEFINE)

UNDEFINE

VARIABLE
Define a bind variable (Can be used in both
SQLPlus and PL/SQL)

VAR[IABLE] [variable {NUMBER|CHAR|CHAR(n)|


REFCURSOR}]
A RefCursor bind variable can be used to reference
PL/SQL cursor variables in stored procedures.
PRINT myRefCursor
EXECUTE somePackage.someProcedure(:myRefCursor)
VARIABLE on its own will display the definitions
made.
WHENEVER OSERROR

Exit if an OS error occurs

WHENEVER SQLERROR

Exit if an SQL or PLSQL error occurs

SQL*Plus Prompt:
To display the currently connected UserName and SID, instead of just SQL>
SET sqlprompt '&_user:&_connect_identifier > '
Add the line above to the file: $ORACLE_SID/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql (this tip requires
Oracle 10g or greater)

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