This document provides the solution to three problems involving the design of concrete foundations. Problem 1 involves designing a load bearing wall foundation. Key details include a minimum depth of 220mm, required width of 1m, and flexural and shear reinforcement requirements. Problem 2 involves designing a square column footing with a required area of 6.62m^2 and punch and one-way shear checks. Problem 3 involves designing a foundation to support two columns, with a required width of 2.81m and flexural design details in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
This document provides the solution to three problems involving the design of concrete foundations. Problem 1 involves designing a load bearing wall foundation. Key details include a minimum depth of 220mm, required width of 1m, and flexural and shear reinforcement requirements. Problem 2 involves designing a square column footing with a required area of 6.62m^2 and punch and one-way shear checks. Problem 3 involves designing a foundation to support two columns, with a required width of 2.81m and flexural design details in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
This document provides the solution to three problems involving the design of concrete foundations. Problem 1 involves designing a load bearing wall foundation. Key details include a minimum depth of 220mm, required width of 1m, and flexural and shear reinforcement requirements. Problem 2 involves designing a square column footing with a required area of 6.62m^2 and punch and one-way shear checks. Problem 3 involves designing a foundation to support two columns, with a required width of 2.81m and flexural design details in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
This document provides the solution to three problems involving the design of concrete foundations. Problem 1 involves designing a load bearing wall foundation. Key details include a minimum depth of 220mm, required width of 1m, and flexural and shear reinforcement requirements. Problem 2 involves designing a square column footing with a required area of 6.62m^2 and punch and one-way shear checks. Problem 3 involves designing a foundation to support two columns, with a required width of 2.81m and flexural design details in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
Design a load bearing wall with the following data:
DL = 45 KN/m LL = 20 KN/m qall = 100 KN/m2 Depth of top of foundation from the groundlevel Df = 1.2 m fy = 420 Mpa fc' = 24 Mpa Unit weight of soilg s = 18 KN/m3 Unit weight of concreteg c = 25 KEN/m3 Solution: According to ACI-Code 7.7.1, the minimum depth of footing d = 150mm over steel, cover = 70 mm, so hmin = 150+70 = 220 mm Assume h = 250 mm,give d = 250-70 = 180 mm also, weight of foundation = 0.25gc = 0.25x25 = 6.25 KN/m2 weight of soil above foundation = 1.2gs = 1.2x18 = 21.6 KN/m2 Total = 27.85 KN/m2 Net allowable soil bearing capacity qall(net) = 100-27.85 72.15 KN/m2 Hence, required width of foundation DL = 45KN LL = 20KN qallnet= 72.15KN/m2 DL + LL B= = 0.901 m qallnet
assume B = 1 m According to ACI-Code U = 1.4 DL + 1.7 LL U = 1.4x45 + 1.7 x20 = 97 KN/m Find ultimate pressure under footing, U qult = . B 1 =
97 1 1
= 97.00 KN/m
Investigation of shear strength of foundation:
critical shear section occur at distance d from the face of wall (ACI-Code 15.2.2 and 11.11.1.1) Vu = [0.35 -d] x qult = [0.35 -0.18 ] x 97 = 16.49 KN/m
Vc = =
0.17 . fc'. b . d 1000 0.17 24 1000 180 1000
= 149.91 KN/m
fVc = 0.85 x 149.9 = 127.4 KN/m> Vu = 16.49 KN/m .................O.K
Flexural Reinforcement: l = 0.75m qu = 97KN/m2 qu. l2 Mu = = 27.28 KN-m/m 2
As = 0.0018 x100 x18 = 3.24 cm2 use f 10 - 24 cm c/c
As"Provided"=
100 . 3.14 . 1.0 2 24 4
100 3.14
1.0 2 24 4
= 3.27 cm2
Check development length:
Ld = 0.019 . Ab.
fy fc'
= 0.019 But not less than"
. db0. fy Ld ==0.058 0.0010 = 0.058 = 0.00100
for f =10 mm Ab = 78.5 mm2
or 300 mm Ld = 0.019 . Ab.
fy fc'
420 = 0.019 78.5 24 = 127.87 mm
Ld = 0.058 x db x fy = 0.058 x10 x 420 = 243.6 mm
Control Hence Ld = 300 mm Ld Provided = 350 -70(cover) = 280 mm < 300 mm Use standard hook Long Direction: Asmin = 0.0018 x100 x 18 = 3.24 Use 3 f 12mm Sketch:
Problem No. 2
Design a square footing to support column load given the followint information: fc' = 24 Mpa fy = 420 Mpa DL = 1125 KN LL = 675 KN Column size = 0.5 m x 0.5 m Allowable bearing soil-capacity qall = 300 KN/m2 g c = 25 KN/m3 g s = 20 KN/m3 Solution: let us assume that the average weight of concrete and soil above the base of the foundation equal to 22.5 KN/m3, so qall(net) = qall-Df x 22.5 = 300 x 22.5 x 1.25 = 271.9 KN/m2
Af = =
DL + LL qallnet 1125 + 675 271.9
= 6.62 m2
use foundation of with dimension of B = 2.6m x 2.6m
Af = 2.6 x2.6 = 6.76 m2 > 6.62 m2 ..........O.K U = 1.4 DL + 1.7 LL U = 1.4 x 1125 + 1.7 x 675 = 2722.5 KN U qult = 2 B =
2 722.5 2.6 2
= 402.74 KN/M2
Check Punch Shear:
Critical section for punch shear occur at distance d/2 from the face of support Vu = qult x (critical area) 2 = 5.7 m2 Critical area = (2.6 x 2.6) - (0.5 x 0.5) Assume H = 60 cm D = 60 - 7 = 53 cm B0 = (0.5 + 0.5) x 4 = 4.12 m Vu = 402.74 x 5.7 = 2295.26 KN Vc =
0.34 . fc'. B0. D
1000
0.34 24 4210 530
f Vc = 0.851000 x 3637.1 = 3091.5 KN =
= 3 716.57 KN
f Vc > Vu ...........O.K Check one-way shear:
Critical section for one-way shear occur at distance d from the face of support, hence Vu = qult x critical area = 402.74 x 2.6 x 0.52 = 544.5 KN
Vc = =
0.17 . fc'. b . d 1000 0.17 24 2600 530 1000
= 1 147.63 KN
Vc = 0.85 x 1147.63 = 975.5 KN
f Vc > Vu ...........O.K Flexural Reinforcement:
Mu = =
qult. B. L2 2 402.74 2 1.05 2 2
= 444.02 KN-m
Ru =
Mu. 10 6 fi . b . d 2 577.23 10 6 0.9 2600 530 2
= 0.88 Mpa
m=
fy 0.85 . fc'
420 0.85 24
= 20.5882 Ro = =
1. 1m
1-
1 120.5882
2 . Ru. m fy 1-
= 0.0021 As = =
Ro. b . d 100 0.0021 2600 530 100
2 0.88 20.5882 420
Use f 14 mm
S=
260 - 14 . 1.54 29.5
260 - 14 1.54 29.5
= 12.84 cm Use f 16 mm
S=
260 - 16 . 2.0 29.5
260 - 16 2.0 29.5
= 16.54 cm Use f 16 -16 cm c/c
Check development length:
Ld = 0.019 . Ab.
fy fc'
= 0.019 = 0.00100
But not less than"
Ld = 0.058 . db. fy = 0.058 = 0.00100 or 300 mm
fy Ld = 0.019 . Ab. fc' 420 = 0.019 200 24 = 325.78 mm
Also, Ld = 0.58x db x fy = 0.58 x16 x 420 = 389.76 mm So, Ld = 389.76 mm
Hence use minimum dowels with at least 4 bars same as column steel.
Reinforcement Sketch:
Problem No. 3 Design concrete foundation to support two columns givrn the following informations: fc' = 24 Mpa fy = 420 Mpa Column size = 0.5 m x 0.5 m Allowable bearing soil-capacity qall = 300 KN/m2 g c = 25 KN/m3 g s = 20 KN/m3 Df = 1.5 m Loading: Column 1: Pd = 1000 KN PL = 500 KN Column 2: Pd = 2000 KN PL = 1000 KN Solution: Find L that the center of the resultant loads coincide with the center of the footing
X=
1500 . 1 + 3000 . 4 4500
1500 1 + 3000 4 4500
= 3.00 m
L = 2 x X= 2 x 3 = 6 m Lr = 6-4 = 2 m
Find B Assume the average weight of concrete and soil above footing is equal to gav = 22 kn/m3 qall(net) = 300-gav x Df = 300 -22 x 1.5 = 267 KN/m2 So, B= =
R Qallnet. L 4500 267 6
= 2.81 m
Find pressure under footing:
Neglegt excentricity at ultimate load, give qu = =
Pd. 1.4 + PL. 1.7
B. L 3000 1.4 + 1500 1.7 2.8 6
= 401.79 KN/m2
Draw moment and shear diagramn longitudinal direction:
= 0.018214 As = Rmin. b . d = 0.00333 2800 630 = 5 874.120000 mm2
Use 24 f 18 - 12 cm c/c for M3 use Asmin As = 58.8 cm2 Use 24 f 18 - 12 cm c/c Check Shear: The critical section for shear occure at distance d from the face of support
No shear reinforcement required: Chek flexure in transverse direction: Band width = with of the column Plus two times effective depth = 50 + 2x 63 = 176 cm
For left column:
Pd. 1.4 + PL. 1.7 B. Band
qu =
1000 1.4 + 500 1.7
2.8 1.76
= 456.575 KN/m2
qult. B. L2 2
Mu =
456.6 1.76 1.15 2
= 2 = 531.391080 KN-m
Ru =
Mu. 10 6 phi. b . d 2 531.391 10 6 0.9 1760 630 2
= 0.845236 Mpa
m=
fy 0.85 . fc'
420 0.85 24
Use Romin = 0.002056
2 As = Romin x b x d =0.00256 x 176 x 63 =22.7 cm Use 12 f 16 - 15 cm c/c For right column: qu = =
