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FUNCTIONS
OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS
1.

Let A be a set of n distinct elements. Then the total number of distinct functions from A
to A is
a) n2

2.

b) nn

c) 2n

d) n!

Set A has 3 elements and set B has 4 elements. The number of injections that can be
defined from A into B is
a) 144

3.

b) 12

c) 24

c) 64

Let n(A) = 4 and n(B) = K. The number of all possible injections from A to B is 120 then
k=
a) 9

4.

c) 5

d) 6

Let n(A) = 4 and n(b) = 5. The number of all possible many-one functions from A to B is
a) 625

5.

b) 24

b) 20

c) 120

d) 505

Set A contains 3 elements and set B contains 2 elements. The number of onto functions
from A onto B is
a) 3

6.

b) 6

c) 8

d) 9

Let A = {1, 2, 3, .., n} and B = {a, b, c}, the number of functions from A to B that are
onto is
a) 3n 2n

7.

b) 3n 2n = 1

c) 3(2n 1)

d) 3n 3(2n 1)

Set A has 3 elements, Set B has 4 elements. The number of surjections that can be
defined from A to B is
a) 144

b) 12

c) 0

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d) 64

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8.

Let A, B are two sets each with 10 elements, then the number of all possible bijections
from A to B is
a) 20

9.

b) 10!

C) 100

d) 1000

The number of one-one onto functions that can be defined from (1, 2, 3, 4) onto set B is
24 then n(B) =
a) 4

10.

b) 2

c) 3

d) 6

A = {1, 2, 3, 4), B = {a, b, c, d, e}, then the number of all possible constant functions
from A to B is
a) 9

11.

b) 4
1
2

(b)

(b) 0

(b) 1

(c)1/2

x2
f 2 has the value
y

(d)None of these
1 x

If f ( x) = cos(log x) , then the value of f ( x). f (4) f + f (4 x)

2 4

(b) 1

(c)0

(d) 1

a x + a x
Given the function f ( x) =
, (a > 2) . Then f ( x + y ) + f ( x y ) =
2
2 f ( x ). f (y )

(b)

f ( x ). f (y )

(c) f (x )
f (y )

(d)None of these

Let f : R R be defined by f ( x) = 2 x + | x | , then f (2 x) + f ( x) f ( x) =

(a) 2 x

17.

(d) sin log x.cos log y

1 x2
+
2 2

(a)
16.

(c)1

If f ( x) = cos(log x) , then f ( x 2 ) f ( y 2 ) f

(a)1
15.

(d)None of these

(c) 2

(a)2
14.

1
2

If f ( x) = sin log x , then the value of f ( xy ) + f 2 f ( x).cos log y is equal to

y
(a)1

13.

d) 16

If f ( x) = cos(log x) , then f ( x) f ( y) [ f ( x / y ) + f ( xy)] =

(a) 1

12.

c) 5

If e f ( x ) =
(a) 0.5

(b)

2| x |

(c) 2 x

10 + x
, x (10, 10) and f ( x) = kf
10 x

(b) 0.6

(c) 0.7

(d) 2 |

x|

200 x
, then k =

2
100 + x

(d)0.8

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18.

1 + x
2x
, then f
is equal to
2

1 x
1 + x

If f ( x) = log
(a)

19.

(b)

(b)

2 log x

(b)

f (y )

(c) | log x 2 |

(d)

(log x ) 2

f (2 + x ) = f (2 x )

x + 2 2x 4

(c)

x 2 2x 4

(b) 5/6

f (x ) = f ( x )

(d) f (x + 2) = f (x 2)

for x > 2 , then f (11) =

(c) 6/7

(d)5/7

(b)

x+4
3

(c)

1
3x 4

(d)

3
x+4

Which of the following function is invertible?

(b) f ( x) = x3 x

The inverse of the function

If
(a)

28.

(d)

If f : IR IR is defined by f ( x) = 3x 4 , then f 1 : IR IR is

(a)
27.

f = 1
2

is

log x 2

2 log | x |

If f ( x) =

(a) f ( x) = 2 x
26.

(d)

The graph of the function y = f ( x) is symmetrical about the line x = 2 , then

(a) 4 3 x
25.

f ( ) = 1

(c) yf (x )

(b) 1 / f (y)

1 / f (x )

(a) 7/6
24.

(c)

ax + b
, then x is equal to
cx a

(a) f (x ) = f ( x )
23.

f ( ) = 2

The function equivalent to

(a)

22.

f = 2
4

If y = f ( x) =
(a)

21.

(d) 3 f (x )

2 f (x )

If f ( x) = cos[ 2 ]x + cos[ 2 ]x , then

(a)

20.

(c)

(b) [ f (x )]3

[ f (x )] 2

f (x ) =

x
1+ x

, then

(1 + x)
x

(b)

3x
1+ x

f 1 ( x )

x
1 + x2

(b)

(c)

1
2x
log10

4
2 x

is equal to

1
(1 + x )

, then

(d)None of these

10 x 10 x
is
10 x + 10 x

1
1
1+ x
1 x
log10
(b) log10

2
2
1 x
1+ x

If f ( x) =
(a)

(c) f (x ) = x 2

(c)

(1 + x )
(1 x )

(d)

x
(1 x )

( fofof )(x ) =

x
1 + 3x

(c)

3x
1+ x2

(d)None of these

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(d)None of these

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If f ( x) = log a x and

29.

(a) f [F(x )]

F(x ) = a x

(b)

, then

f [F(2 x )]

F[ f (x )]

(c) F |

is

f (2 x )|

Let f and g be functions defined by f ( x) =

30.

1
x

(a)

(b)

If f ( x) =

31.

(a)

x
x +1

1
x 1

x
x
, g ( x) =
, then
x +1
1 x

(b)

(a) x 3

(b)

(c) 1

a > 0 and

log

(1 x )
(1 + x )

(b)

tan 1

(1 x )
(1 + x )

f ( f ( x )) = x

f [ f ( x )] =

(d)None of these
f (x )

is

(c) log (1 + x )
(1 x )

(d) all the above

x, when x is rational
0, when x is rational
; g ( x) =
then ( f g ) is
0, when x is irrational
x, when x is irrational

34. If f ( x) =

(a) One-one onto

(b)One-one not onto

(c) Not one-one but onto

(d)Not one-one not onto

35. If e x = y + 1 + y 2 , then y =
e x + e x
(a)
2

36. If

f (x ) =

(a) 1

x| x |
| x|

e x e x
(b)
2

, then

37. If f ( x + ay, x ay) = axy , then

(a) xy

(c) e x + e x

(d) e x e x

f (1) =

(b) 2

(b)

(c) 0
f (x , y )

x 2 a2y 2

is

(d)1

x1 x2
for x1 , x2 [1,1] , then
1

x
x

1 2

33. If f ( x1 ) f ( x2 ) = f
(a)

is

n is a positive integer, then

(c) x

x2

( fog )(x )

(d)x

, x 1 . Then, for what value of

If f ( x) = (a x n )1/ n , where

32.

(c) x 1

(d) F[(x )]

(d) +2

is equal to
(c) x

y2
4

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(d) x

y2
a2

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1
1
,
if
0

2
38. Let f ( x) = 2
, then f is
1
1
, if < x 1
3
2

(a) A rational function

(b)A trigonometric function

(c) A step function

(d)An exponential function

39. Let f : (2, 3) (0,1) be defined by

(a)

x2

40. The domain of

(a) [1, 9]

(b)

f (x ) = x [ x ]

(c)

x +1

x
sin 1 log 3
3

then

f 1 (x )

(d)

x 1

equals

x+2

is

(b) [1, 9]

(c) [9, 1]

(d) [9, 1]

41. The domain of the function f ( x) = sin 1[log 2 ( x / 2)] is

(a) [1, 4]

(b) [4, 1]

(c) [1, 4]

(d) None of these

42. The domain of the function f ( x) = log( x 4 + 6 x ) is

(a)

[4 , )

(b) (, 6]

(c)

(d) None of these

[4, 6]
1/ 2

5 x x2
43. Domain of the function f ( x) = log10

(a)

< x <

(b) 1 x 4

44. Domain of the function

(c) 4 x 16

f (x ) = 2 2 x x 2

3 x 3

(b) 1

3 x 1 + 3

(c)

2 x 2

(d) 2 +

3 x 2 3

(a) (1, 1)

(d)None

is

(a)

45. Domain of the function

is

1+ x 1 x
is
x

(b) (1, 1){0}

(c)[1, 1]

(d)[1, 1]{0}

46. The largest possible set of real numbers which can be the domain of
(a)

(0, 1) (0, )

(b)

(1, 0) (1, )

(c)

(, 1) (0, )

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f (x ) = 1

(d)

1
x

is

(, 0) (1, )

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47. Domain of the function f ( x) =
(a)

{x : x R, x 3}

(b) {x : x R,
(c)

x 2 3x + 2
is
x2 + x 6

x 2}

{ x : x R}

(d) {x : x R,

x 2, x 3}

48. The domain of the function y =

(a)

(b)

(, 0)

49. Function

sin 1

(a) (1, 1)

1
is
| x|x

(c)

(, 0]

50. The domain of the function f ( x) =

R {1, 2}

(c) [1, 0]

(d) (1, 2)

(c) [2, )

(d)

(, 3) [2, )

log 2 ( x + 3)
is
x2 + 3x + 2

(b) (2, + )

(c)

R {1, 2, 3}

(d)

52. The domain of the function f ( x) = log 3+ x ( x 2 1) is

(a)

(3, 1) (1, )

(b)

[3, 1) [1, )

(c)

(3, 2) (2, 1) (1, )

(d)

[3, 2) (2, 1) [1, )

53. Domain of definition of the function

(b) (1, 0) (1, 2)

(a) (1, 2)

f (x ) =

3
4 x2

(c) (1, 2) (2, )

+ log 10 ( x 3 x ) ,

(d)

(b) [2, 3]

55. The domain of the function

(a)

(d) [1, 3]

log( x 2 6 x + 6) is

(, )

(b) (, 3
(c)

(c) [1, 2]

is

(1, 0) (1, 2) (2, )

54. Domain of the function log {(5 x x 2 ) / 6} is

(a) (2, 3)

(, )

sin 1 (3 x)
is
ln(| x | 2)

(b) (2, 3) (3, 4]

51. The domain of f ( x) =

(a)

(d)

is defined in the interval

(b) [0, 1]

(a) [2, 4]

(, 1)

3 ) (3 + 3 , )

(, 1] [5, )

(d) [0, )

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(3, + ) {1, 2}

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56. The domain of the function f ( x) = exp( 5 x 3 2 x 2 ) is
(a)

1, 2

2 ,

(b)

(c) [, 1]
sin 1 ( x 3)

57. The domain of the function f ( x) =

(a) [1, 2)

(b) [2, 3)

(d)

9 x2

3
1, 2

is

(c) [1, 2]

(d) [2, 3]

58. The domain of the function f ( x) = sin 1{(1 + e x ) 1} is

(a)

1 1
,
4 3

(b) [1, 0]
2x

59. Domain of the function

(a) (3, 1)

1
9 x2

(b) [3, 1]

60. Domain of the function f ( x) =

(d) [1, 1]

is

(c) (3, 2]
x3
( x 1) x 2 4

(d) [3, 1)

is

(b) (, 2) (2, )

(a) (1, 2)
(c)

(c) [0, 1]

(, 2) (1, )

(d) (, ) {1, 2}

61. The domain of the function f ( x) = log

(a)

R {2n , n I}

(b)

(c)

R { , }

(d) (, )

62. The function

f (x ) =

1
is
| sin x |

R {n , n I}

sec 1 x
x [x ]

where [.] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x is

defined for all x belonging to

(b) R {(1, 1) (n | n Z)}

(a) R
(c)

R + (0 , 1)

63. Domain of
(a)

(d)
f (x ) = log | log x |

(0, )

64. Domain of function

(a)

1 1
,
5 5

R + {n | n N }

is

(b) (1, )

(c)

f (x ) = sin 1 5 x

(b)

1 1
5 , 5

(0, 1) (1, )

(d)

(, 1)

is
(c) R

(d)

1
0,
5

65. The domain of the function f ( x) = log( x 4 + 6 x ) is

(a)

[4 , )

(b) (, 6]

(c) [4, 6]

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(d)None of these

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66. Domain of the function
(a)

(, )

f (x ) = sin 1 (1 + 3 x + 2 x 2 )

(b)

(d) , 1 (2, )

(c) 3 , 0

(1, 1)

67. The range of the function f ( x) =

(a) {0, 1}

is

x+2
is
| x+2|

(b) {1, 1}

68. Range of the function

(a) [1, 3]

1
2 sin 3 x

(b)

(c) R

(d)

R {2}

(c) (1, 3)

(d)

1
, 1
3

is

1
3 , 1

69. If x is real, then value of the expression

(a) 5 and 4

x 2 + 14 x + 9
x 2 + 2x + 3

(b) 5 and 4

lies between

(c) 5 and 4

(d) None of these

70. If the function f :[1, ) [1, ) is defined by f ( x) = 2 x ( x 1) , then

x ( x 1)

(a)

1

2

(c)

1
(1 1 + 4 log 2 x )
2

(b)

(, )

is

1
(1 + 1 + 4 log 2 x )
2

(d) Not defined

71. The range of function The range of function

(a)

f 1 (x)

(b) [2, )

(c)

f (x ) = x 2 6 x + 7

(2, 3)

(d)

(, 2)

(c)

(1, 7 / 3]

is

x2 + x + 2
72. Range of the function f ( x) = 2
; x R is
x + x +1

(a)

(1, )

(b)

73. The function

(a)
74. If
(a)

3
, 1
4
f:RR,

f:RR

(1, 11 / 7]

is defined by

(b)

f (x ) = cos 2 x + sin 4 x

3
4 , 1

(c)

then the range of the function

(b)

R+

f (x ) =

x2
x2 +1

for

x R

(d)
, then

3
4 , 1

(1, 7 / 5]

f (R ) =

(d)

3
, 1
4

is

(c) R

(d) R R

(c) [1, 1]

(d) (2, 16]

75. Range of the function f ( x) = 9 7sin x is

(a) (2, 16)
76. The range of
(a)

[1, 2 ]

(b) [2, 16]

f (x ) = sec cos 2 x , < x <

4

(b)

[1, )

is
(c)

[ 2 , 1] [1, 2 ]

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(d)

(, 1] [1, )

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77. If
(a)

f (x ) = a cos(bx + c) + d

, then range of

[d + a, d + 2a]

[a d, a + d ]

(b)

78. Range of the function

x2

f (x ) =

x2 +1

(a) (1, 0)

(b) (1, 1)

(c) [0, 1)

(d) (1, 1)

79. The domain of

sin 1 (log 3 x )

(a) [1, 1]
>

80. For

, the value of

then

f 1 (17 )

f (x ) = loge (x [x ])

(a) 4, 1

f (x ) =| cos x |

and

g(x ) = [ x ] ,

g(x ) = 1 + x [ x ]

(a) x

and

1, x < 0

f ( x ) = 0 , x = 0 ,
1, x > 0

(b) 1

is a given constant and

f (a) + f (a x )

gof (x )

(b)

f (x )

(d)

(c) (0,+)

(d) Z

(c) 3, 2

(d) None of these

(c)

(d) | [cos x ]|

be

is equal to

then for all

(c) f (x )

[| cos x |]

x , f (g(x ))

is equal to

(d) g(x )

satisfies the function equation

f (0 ) = 1 , f (2a x )
f ( x )

[2, )

(c) (1, 2)
is

(b) | cos x |

85. A real valued function

(a)

then

(d) R

always lies in the interval

(b) 4, 0

(a) | cos [x ]|
84. Let

f 1 (3) will

and

(c) [0,

(b) R-Z

f (x ) = x 2 + 1 ,

(d) [d a, d + a]

is

(b) [0, 1]

(a) R

[d + a, a d ]

is

f ( ) = sec 2 + cos 2

81. The Domain of function

83. If

(c)

(b) [0, 1]

(a) (0, 2)

82. If

is

f (x )

f (x y ) = f (x ) f (y ) f (a x ) f (a + y )

is equal to

(c) f (x )

(d) f (x )

86. Let g(x ) = 1 + x [x ] and

1, If x < 0

f (x ) = 0, If x = 0,
1, if x > 0

(a) x

then for all values of x the value of

(b) 1

(c) f (x )

fog(x )

(d)

g(x )

87. The function f : R R, f ( x) = x 2 , x R is

(a) Injection but not surjection

(b) Surjection but not injection

(c) Injection as well as surjection

(d) Neither injection nor surjection

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where a

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88. If

f:RR,

then

f (x ) = | x |

is

(a) One-one but not onto

(b) Onto but not one-one

(c) One-one and onto

(d) None of these

89. Which one of the following is a bijective function on the set of real numbers

(a)
90. If

2x 5

(x , y ) R

(b) |
and

(c)

x|
x
y

x , y 0 ; f (x , y )

(a) Surjection

x2

x2 +1

(d)

, then this function is a/an

(b) Bijection

(c) One-one

(d) None of these

91. The function f ( x) = sin log( x + x 2 + 1) is

(a) Even function

(b) Odd function

(c) Neither even nor odd

(d) Periodic function

92. If
(a)

93. If

f (x ) = sin 2 x

and the composite function

x 1

f (x ) = 2 x 6 + 3 x 4 + 4 x 2

(b)

(c)

then

f ' (x )

g{ f (x )} =| sin x |

x +1

(d)

, then the function

is equal to

is

(a) Even function

(b) An odd function

(c) Neither even nor odd

(d) None of these

94. The function f (x ) = log(x +

g(x )

x 2 + 1) ,

is

(a) An even function

(b) An odd function

(c) A Periodic function

(d) Neither an even nor odd function

95. The period of f ( x) = x [ x] , if it is periodic, is

(a)

f (x )

is not periodic

(b)

1
2

(c) 1

(d)2

96. A function f from the set of natural numbers to integers defined by

n 1
, when n is odd

f (n) = 2
n , when n is even
2

, is

(a) One-one but not onto

(b) Onto but not one-one

(c) One-one and onto both

(d) Neither one-one nor onto

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f:N N

97. Let

defined by

, then f is

(a) One-one onto

(b) Many one onto

(c) One-one but not onto

(d) None of these

98. The function

99.

f (x ) = x 2 + x + 1 , x N

f:RR

defined by

f ( x ) = (x 1) (x 2)(x 3)

is

(a) One-one but not onto

(b) Onto but not one-one

(c) Both one-one and onto

(d) Neither one-one nor onto

If f :[0, ) [0, ) and f ( x) =

x
, then f is
1+ x

(a) One-one and onto

(b) One-one but not onto

(c) Onto but not one-one

(d) Neither one-one nor onto

100. Let the function

f:RR

be defined by f ( x) = 2 x + sin x, x R . Then f is

(a) One-to-one and onto

(b)One-to-one but not onto

(c) Onto but not one-to-one

(d) Neither one-to-one nor onto

f (x ) = x + x 2

101.

is a function from R R , then

(a) Injective

f (x )

is

(b) Surjective (c) Bijective

(d) None of these

x 2 + 34 x 71
102. Range of f ( x) = 2
is
x + 2x 7

(b) (, 5] [9, )

(a) [5, 9]

(c) (5, 9)

(d) None of these

103. Which of the following functions is inverse of itself

(a)
104. If

f (x ) =

1x
1+ x

f (x ) = 3 x 5 ,

(b)
then

(a) Is given by

f ( x ) = 5 log x

(c)

f ( x ) = 2 x ( x 1)

f 1 ( x )

1
3x 5

(b) Is given by

(c) Does not exist because f is not one-one

105. If

f:RS

x +5
3

(d) Does not exist because f is not onto

defined by f ( x) = sin x 3 cos x + 1 is onto, then the interval of S is

(a) [1, 3]
106. Let

(d) None of these

f:RR

(b) [1, 1]

(c) [0, 1]

be a function defined by

f (x ) =

(d) [0, 1]
x m
x n

, where

m n.

Then

(a) f is one-one onto

(b) f is one-one into

(c) f is many one onto

(d) f is many one into

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107. Let

f (x ) =

x2 4
x2 + 4

for |

x| > 2,

then the function f : (, 2] [2, ) (1, 1) is

(a) One-one into

(b) One-one onto

(c) Many one into

(d) Many one onto

108. Let X and Y be subsets of R, the set of all real numbers. The function
f (x ) = x 2

for

xX

is one-one but not onto if (Here

(a)

X = Y = R+

(b)

X = R, Y = R +

(c)

X = R+, Y = R

(d)

X =Y =R

109. Function

f : R R, f (x ) = x 2 + x

R+

(b) One-one into

(c) Many-one onto

(d) Many-one into

defined by

is the set of all positive real numbers)

is

(a) One-one onto

f:X Y

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FUNCTIONS
HINTS AND SOLUTIONS
1. (b).
n ( A) = n ( B ) = n
and no. functions = n ( B )

2. (c) Synopsis

n( A)

3. (c) Synopsis

6. (d)

7. (c)

11. (d)

f (x ) = cos (log x ) f (y) = cos (log y)

f ( x ). f (y )

12.

1 x
f
2 y

4. (d) Synopsis 5. (b) Synopsis

8. (b)

9. (a)

+ f ( xy )

= cos (log x ) cos (log y )

1
x
cos log + cos (log xy )
2
y

= cos (log x ) cos (log y )

1
[2 cos (log x ) cos (log y )] =
2

(b)

10. (c) Synopsis

f (xy ) = sin log xy = sin (log x + log y )

f (x / y ) = sin log(x / y ) = sin (log x log y)

0.

.....(i)
.....(ii)

f (xy ) + f (x / y ) = 2 sin log x cos log y

2 sin log x cos log y 2 sin log x cos log y = 0 .

13.

(d)

14.

(c)

15.

(a)

f (x + y ) + f (x y )

1 x+ y
a + a x y + a x y + a x+ y
2

1 x y
a (a + a y ) + a x (a y + a y )
2

1
= (a x + a x ) (a y + a y ) = 2 f ( x) f ( y ) .
2

16.

(b)

f (2 x) = 2(2 x)+ | 2 x | = 4 x + 2 | x | ,

y = x2 + 1,
f (x ) = 2 x + | x |

f (2 x ) + f ( x ) f ( x )

= 4 x + 2 | x | + | x | 2 x 2 x | x | = 2 | x | .

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17.

e f ( x) =

(a)

10 + x

10 x

10 + x
f ( x ) = log

10 x

200 x

10 + 100 + x 2
200 x
f
= log
2
100 + x
10 200 x
100 + x 2

10 (10 + x )
= log

10 (10 x )

10 + x
= 2 log
= 2 f (x )
10 x

18.

f (x ) =

1 200 x
1
f
k = = 0.5.
2
2 100 + x
2

(c) f ( x) = log( x + x 2 + 1)
2x

1 +
2x
1
+
x2
f
= log
2
1 2 x
1 + x
1+ x2

x 2 + 1 + 2x
= log 2

x + 1 2 x

1 + x
1 + x
= log
= 2 log

= 2 f (x ) .
1 x
1 x

19.

(d)

f ( x ) = cos [ 2 ]x + cos [ 2 ] x

f ( x ) = cos( 9 x ) + cos( 10 x ) = cos( 9 x ) + cos( 10 x )

19 x
x
= 2 cos
cos
2
2
1
1

19


f = 2 cos

= 1 .
cos ; f = 2
2
2
4
4

2
2

20.
21.

(d)

y=

ax + b
cx a

(b)

(c)
f (11) =

f ( x ) = f ( x ) f (0 + x ) = f (0 x )

x + 2 2x 4

1
11 + 2 18

log | x |

is symmetrical about

is symmetrical about
1

f (x ) =

24.

cy a

is also R-{0}.

are identical functions.

f ( 2 + x ) = f (2 x )

23.

x = ay + b = f (y) .

(b) domain of log x 2 is R-{0} and the domain of

log x 2 and 2 log | x |

22.

x (cy a) = b + ay

1
3+ 2

(b) f (x ) = 3 x 4 . let

x =0.

x =2.

1
x 2 2x 4

1
11 2 18
+

1
3 2

3 2 3+ 2 6
+
=
7
7
7

y = f 1 ( x ) f (y ) = x

3y 4 = x 3y = x + 4

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x+4
x +4
f 1 (x ) =
3
3

y=

25.

(a) A function is invertible if it is bijection.

26.

(a)

y=

Let

27. (d)

28. (b)

1 + y
10 x 10 x
1

x = log 10
x
x
2
10 + 10
1 y

y = f (x )

f 1 (y ) =

f (x ) =

x
1+ x

y=

f 1 (y ) =

x = f 1 (y )

1 + y
1

log 10
2
1 y

. Let

f 1 (x ) =

y
1y

x=

x
1x

x
( fofof ) ( x ) = ( fof ) ( f ( x )) = ( fof )

2
1+ x

= f

2
1+ x
1+

1
1 + x
log 10

2
1 x

y = f (x ) x = f 1 (y)

x
y + yx = x
1+ x

y
1y

f 1 (x ) =

x2
1+ x2

x 1+ x2
= f

2
2

1 + x 1 + 2x

x
= f
1 + 2x 2

29.

(a)

1 + 2x 2

31.

x
1 + 3x2

F [ f ( x )] = F (log a x ) = a log a x = x

f [ F ( x )] = f (a x ) = log a a x = x log a a = x

30.

x2
1 +

1 + 2 x 2

x
x
1x =
=x
x
x +1 x
+1
1x

(d)

x
( fog )(x ) = f (g(x )) = f
=
1 x

(d)

2 .x
x +1
=
f ( f (x )) =
=
f (x ) + 1 x
x + x + 1
+ 1

x +1

f (x )

x =

2 .x
( + 1)x + 1

or

x (( + 1)x + 1 2 ) = 0

Or ( + 1)x 2 + (1 2 )x = 0 .

32.

(c)

+ 1 = 0, 1 2 = 0

= 1 .

f [ f ( x )] = [a {f ( x )} ]1 / n = [a (a x n )]1 / n = x
n

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33.

x 1 = 1

(d) When

and

x2 = 1

, then

1 1
f (1) f (1) = f
= f (1) f (1) = 0
1 + 1(1)

Which is satisfied when

x1 = x 2 = 0 ,

When

1 x
f ( x ) = tan 1

1+ x

then

0 0
f (0 ) f (0 ) = f
= f (0 ) f (0 ) = 0
1 0

x 1 = 1

When

x2 = 0

and

then

1 0
f (1) f (0 ) = f
= f (1) f (0 ) = 0
10

Which is satisfied when

1 x
1+ x
f ( x ) = log
and f ( x ) = log
.
1
+
x

1 x

x, x Q
( f g)(x ) =
x , x Q

34.

(a)

35.

(b) e x

= y + 1 + y2

ex y =

1 + y2

(e x y )2 = (1 + y 2 )
e 2 x + y 2 2 ye x = 1 + y 2 e 2 x 1 = 2 ye x
e 2x 1
2y = e x e x
ex

2y =

y=

e x e x
2

36.

(b)

f (1) =

37.

(c)

f (x + ay, x ay) = axy

Let

x + ay = u

Then

x=

.
1 | 1 |
1 1
=
= 2.
| 1 |
1

u +v
2

and

..(i)

x ay = v

and

y=

u v
2a

Substituting the value of x and y in (i), we obtain

f (u, v) =

38.

u2 v2
4

f (x , y ) =

x2 y2
4

(c)

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39.

(d)

f (x ) = x [ x ] ,

here [x]=2

f ( x ) = y = x 2 x = y + 2 = f 1 (y) f 1 (x ) = x + 2 .

40.

41.

42.

1 x
3
3 3

1 x 9

1 log 2 (x / 2) 1

x [1, 4 ] .

f ( x ) = log( x 4 + 6 x )

x 4 0

Domain of

(b)

5x x 2

x 2 5x + 4 0

x 6

[4, 6] .

f (x )

1/2

..(i)

is defined for those values of x for which

10 0 5 x x

1 x 4

and

5x x 2
f (x ) = log 10
4

From (i), clearly

( x 1)( x 4 ) 0

(b) 2 2 x x 2 0 1 3 x 1 + 3.

45.

(d)

1 + x 0 x 1 ; 1 x 0 x 1, x 0

Domain is
(d)

5x x 2
log 10
4

44.

46.

is x [1,1]

sin 1 x

Domain of

6x 0x 4

f (x )

We have

x [1, 9] .

1 x
2
2 2

(c)

and

x
1 log 3 1
3

f ( x ) = sin 1 [log 2 ( x /2)] ,

(a)

43.

x
y = sin 1 log 3
3

(a)

[1, 1] {0} .

1
>0 x >1.
x

Also,

x 0.

Required interval = (, 0) (1, )

47.

(d) ( x 2) ( x + 3) 0
Domain is {x

48.

(a) |

: x R, x 2, x 3} .

x | x > 0

| x| > x

but |

x| = x

for x positive and |

x| > x

for x negative. Domain is

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( , 0) .

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49.

(b)

y = sin 1 x

Let

x = sin y

x = sin 2 y , 0 x 1

50.

sin 1 (3 x )
log [| x | 2 ]

f (x ) =

(b)
Let

g(x ) = sin 1 (3 x )

Domain of

x| > 2

1 3 x 1

is [2, 4]

g(x )

h(x ) = log[| x | 2]

And let
|

x < 2

Or

x | 2 > 0

x >2

(, 2) (2, )

We know that
f (x )
x D1 D2 {x R : g(x ) = 0}
g(x )

( f / g )( x ) =

Domain of
51.

(d)

Here
x > 3

f (x ) = (2, 4 ] {3} = (2, 3) (3, 4] .

x +3 >0

and

and

x 2 + 3x + 2 0

( x + 1)( x + 2) 0 ,

x 1, 2

i.e.

Domain = (3, ) {1, 2}

+
1

52.

53.

(c)

x 2 > 1,

x > 3

and

D f = (3, 2) (2, 1) (1, ) .

f (x ) =

x < 1 or x > 1

(b)

55.

(c)

56.

and

3+x >0

3
2
+ log 10 (x 3 x ) . 4 x 0
4 x2

x 4

x > 0, x > 1

5 x x 2
5x x 2
log
1
0
6
6

or

x 2 5x + 6 0

or

(x 2)(x 3) 0

log( x 2 6 x + 6 ) 0

x 2 6x + 6 1

x 1

(d)

x 2

x 3 x > 0 x (x 2 1) > 0

54.

x2 1 > 0

(d)

or

x 5

( x 5 )( x 1) 0

. Domain is

5x 3 2x 2 0

(, 1] [5, ) .

(x 1) x 0
2

Domain is [1,3 / 2] .

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. Hence

2 x 3.

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57.

9 x 2 > 3 3 < x < 3

(b)

.....(i)
.....(ii)

1 ( x 3 ) 1 2 x 4

2x<3

From (i) and (ii),

58.

(a)

1
1
1+ex

3 < (e x + 1) < 4

Domain of

1 1
f (x ) = , .
4 3

2 < ex < 3

59.

(c) (i)

x2

(b)

61.

(b)

f (x ) =

x n

and

. Domain of

x R Z.

(c)

f (x ) = R {n , n I} .

sec 1 x

is defined for all

f (x ) = log | log x | , f (x )

is defined if | log x | > 0 and

1
1
x
5
5

65.

(c)

f ( x ) = log( x 4 + 6 x )

x 4 0

and

Domain =

(c)

and the function

. Domain is

6x 0x 4

and

1 1
5 , 5

x >0

i.e., if

x 6

[4, 6] .

1 1 + 3x + 2x 2 1

2 x 2 + 3 x + 1 1 ; 2 x 2 + 3 x + 2 0

x=

3 9 16
6

3i 7
6

Which is imaginary , not allowed

2x 2 + 3x + 1 1

2x 2 + 3x 0

1
x [x ]

is defined for

x R {(1, 1) (n | n Z)}.

x (0,1) (1, ).
1 5x 1

66.

x R (1, 1)

So the given function is defined for all

(b)

3 < x < 3 .

sin x 0 x n + (1)n 0

64.

or

x 1

1
| sin x |

(b) The function

all

63.

log

1
1
1
<
<
4 1+ex 3

( 3, 2].

| x| > 2

60.

9 x2 > 0 | x | < 3

(ii)

Domain is

62.

i.e., [2, 3)

2x x + 0
2

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x >0

and

x 1

(| log x | > 0 if x 1)

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3
x 0
2

3
x , 0
2

3
2 ,0 .

Domain of function =

67.

x +2
| x + 2|

f (x ) =

(b)

1,
f (x ) =
1,

x < 2
x > 2

Range of
68.

f (x ) =

(b)

Hence
69.

is

{1, 1} .

1
, sin 3 x [1, 1]
2 sin 3 x

lies in

x 2 + 14 x + 9

(c)

f (x )

f (x )

x 2 + 2x + 3

1
3 ,

=y

.
x 2 + 14 x + 9 = x 2 y + 2 xy + 3 y

x 2 (y 1) + 2 x (y 7 ) + (3 y 9 ) = 0

Since x is real, 4 (y 7)2 4 (3 y 9)(y 1) > 0

70.

4 (y 2 + 49 14 y ) 4 (3 y 2 + 9 12 y ) > 0

4 y 2 + 196 56 y 12 y 2 36 + 48 y > 0

8 y 2 + 8 y 160 < 0

(y + 5 )(y 4 ) < 0 ;

(b) Given

y 2 + y 20 < 0

f ( x ) = 2 x ( x 1) x ( x 1) = log 2 f ( x )

x 2 x log 2 f (x ) = 0 x =

Only

x=

f 1 (x ) =

71.

(b)

1 + 1 + 4 log 2 f ( x )
2

1 1 + 4 log 2 f (x )
2

lies in the domain

1
[1 + 1 + 4 log 2 x ] .
2

x 2 6 x + 7 = ( x 3) 2 2

Minimum value is 2 and maximum .

Hence range of function is [2, ].

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72.

(c)

73.

(c)

f (x ) = 1 +

1
2

1
3

x + +
2
4

y = f (x ) = cos 2 x + sin 2 x (1 cos 2 x )

y = cos 2 x + sin 2 x sin 2 x cos 2 x

y = 1 sin 2 x cos 2 x

f (R) [3 / 4, 1] .

74.

(b)

R+

75.

(b)

y = f ( x ) = 9 7 sin x .

76.

(a)

1
. sin 2 2 x
4

Range

x R} .

= [2, 16 ].

f ( x ) = sec cos 2 x
4

cos x = 0, f ( x ) = 1

at

and at

cos x = 1, f (x ) = 2

; 1 x

..(i)

f ( x ) = a cos( bx + c ) + d

For minimum

cos( bx + c ) = 1

f ( x ) = a + d = (d a)

For maximum

y =1

{as y is always positive

0 cos 2 x 1

3
f (x ) 1 , ( 0 sin 2 2 x 1)
4

(d)

= (1, 7 / 3] .

y = f (x ) = cos 2 x + sin 4 x

77.

Range

cos( bx + c ) = 1

f ( x ) = a + d = (d + a)

Range of f (x ) = [d a, d + a] .
78.

(c)

Let

x2
x +1
2

(y 1)x 2 + 0 x + y = 1, y 1

We have

79.

y=

For real values of x,

D 0 4 y(y 1) 0 y(y 1) 0 y [0, 1)

x2
<1.
x +1

(e)

1 log 3 x 1 ; 3 1 x 3

1
x3
3

Domain of function = 1 , 3
3

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2 x [1,

2] .

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80.

1 cos 1

(d)

And sec2 1 for

sec 2 4 .

cos 2 1

>

sec 2

Required interval = [2, )

81.

(a)

The domain of log e { x [ x]} is R, because [x] 0

82.

(d)

Let y = x 2 + 1

f 1 (y) = y 1

f 1 (17 ) = 17 1 = 4

x = y 1

f 1 ( x ) = x 1

and

f 1 (3) = 3 1 = 4

83.

(c)

gof (x ) = g{ f (x )} = [| cos x |].

84.

(b)

Here

g(x ) = 1 + n n = 1, x = n Z

1+n+k n =1+k , x = n +k

Now

(c)
Put

x = 0, y = 0

88.

(d)

for all x.

.....(i)

f (0 ) = ( f (0 ))2 [ f (a)]2 f (a) = 0

From (i),

f (2 a x ) = f ( x ) .

g( x ) = 1 + { x } ; f { g ( x )} = f {1 + { x }} = f (k ) = 1

Where,
(d)

f ( g( x )) = 1

f (a ( x a)) = f (a) f ( x a) f (0 ) f ( x )

(b)

87.

for all x. So,

g( x ) > 0

[ f (0 ) = 1].

86.

(where n Z , 0 < k < 1 )

1, g( x ) < 0

f (g( x )) = 0, g( x ) = 0
1, g( x ) > 0

Clearly,
85.

, which is not possible

k = 1 + { x },1 k < 2

f (1) = f (1) = 1

f is not one

Range of the function is R+ U {0} which is not equal to co domain. Therefore f is not onto.
so f is neither one-one nor onto.
89.

(a)

| x|

x2 +1

is not one-one. But

Now

f (x ) = 2 x 5

90.

(a)

91.

(b)

is not one-one;

is not one-one;

x2

2x 5

is one-one because

f ( x ) = f (y ) 2 x 5 = 2 y 5 x = y

is onto. f ( x ) = 2 x 5 is bijective.

f (x ) = sin log (x + 1 + x 2 )

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f ( x) + f ( x ) = 0

f (x ) is odd function.
92.

( gof )( x) = | sin x | and

(b)

f (x ) = sin 2 x

g (sin 2 x) = | sin x | ; g ( x) = x .
93.

f ( x) = 2 x6 + 3x 4 + 4 x 2

(b)

f ( x) = 2( x)6 + 3( x) 4 + 4( x)2 = f ( x)

94.

is an even function and derivative of an even function is always odd.

f (x )

f (x ) = log(x + x 2 + 1 )

(b)

f ( x ) = log(x + x 2 + 1 ) = f (x )

and
f (x )

95.

(c)

96.

(c)

is odd function.

f (1) = 0, f (2) = 1, f (3) = 1, f (4) = 2, f (5) = 2

And

f (6 ) = 3

so on.

No two elements of domain have same image. And range of the function is set of all
integers. Hence f is one-one and onto function.
97.

(a) Let
Then

x, y N

such that

f ( x ) = f (y )

f (x ) = f (y ) x 2 + x + 1 = y 2 + y + 1

( x y )( x + y + 1) = 0 x = y Or

x = ( y 1) N

f is one-one.
Again, since for each

, there exist

yN

xN

f is onto.
98.

(b)

f ( x ) = ( x 1)( x 2 )( x 3 )
f (1) = f (2 ) = f (3 ) = 0

For each

yR

f (x )

is not one-one.

, there exists

xR

such that

f (x ) = y

. Therefore f is onto. Hence

f:RR

is onto

but not one-one.

99.

(b)

f ( x ) =

1
> 0, x [0, )
(1 + x )2

and range

[0, 1)

Function is one-one but not onto

100.

(a)

f ( x ) = 2 + cos x > 0

. So,

f (x )

is strictly monotonic increasing so,

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f (x )

is one-to-one and onto.

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101.

(d)

f (x ) = x + x 2 = x + | x |

Clearly f is not one-one as

f (x ) 0, x R,

102.

(b)

Range of

x 2 + 34 x 71

Let

x 2 + 2x 7

f is not one-one

f (1) = f (2) = 0
f = (0 , ) R .

f is not onto.

=y

x 2 (1 y ) + 2 (17 y ) x + (7 y 71 ) = 0

y 2 14 y + 45 0 y 9, y 5

1 x
1 x
1 + x = x, x
(a) fof ( x) = f ( f ( x) ) = f
=
1+ x 1+ 1 x
1+ x
1

103.

fof = I f

104.

(b)

105.

(a)

is the inverse of itself.

f is one-one and onto, so

f 1

exists and is

f 1 ( x ) =

x +5
3

1 + ( 3 ) 2 (sin x 3 cos x ) 1 + ( 3 ) 2

2 (sin x 3 cos x ) 2
2 + 1 (sin x 3 cos x + 1) 2 + 1
1 (sin x 3 cos x + 1) 3

i.e., range

For f to be onto S = [1,

106.

(b) For any

f (x ) = f (y)

x , y R,

= [1, 3]

3]

we have

x m y m
=
x =y
x n
y n

f is one-one.
Let R such that
Clearly
107.

(c)

xR

Let
x2 4
x2 +4
x = y

for

=1.

f ( x ) = f (y )

1 =

f (x ) =

y2 4
y2 + 4

x m
=
x n

x=

m n
1

So, f is not onto.

x2 4
x +4
2

y2 4
y2 + 4

1 x2 + 4 = y2 + 4

, f (x ) is many-one.

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Now for each
108.

(c)

y (1,1),

f ( x 1 ) = f ( x 2 ) x 12 = x 22 x 1 = x 2 ,

f is one-one. Since
109. (d) f (0 ) =

there does not exist

f (1) = 0

hence

[if

Rf = R+ R = Y

f (x )

xX

such that f ( x ) = y . Hence f is into.

X = R+]

; f is not onto.

is many one. But there is no pre-image of

function. So function is many-one into.

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1 .

Hence

f (x )

is into