Lecture - 2 PDF
Lecture - 2 PDF
Numerator- Denominator:
A fraction is just a shorthand way of expressing a division
problem. In other words, 5/2 = 5 2. The Numerator is
the top number in a fraction and the Denominator is
the bottom number. For example: 5/2, the 5 is the
numerator and the 2 is the denominator.
When adding and subtracting fractions, the
denominators of the fractions must be the same. If the
denominators of the fractions are already alike, just add
or subtract the numerators and put the result over the
common denominator. For example,
11 5
1
11 + 5 1 15
+
=
=
12 12 12
12
12
If the denominators of the fractions are different,
multiply the fraction (S) by the fractional form (S) of the
number I which makes the denominators the same. For
example,
3 5 3 3
5 4
9 20 29
+ = ( )+ ( )=
+
=
4 3 4 3
3 4
12 12 12
Since 12 is the lowest common denominator of 3 and 4,
then we had to multiply by 3/3 and 4/4 to get 12 in both
denominators. Since 3/3 and 4/4 both equal 1, we are
not changing the value of the fractions. 1 is the only
number you can multiply by without changing the value
sof the fractions.
When multiplying fractions, simply multiply the
numerators and multiply the denominators;; then
reduce. Reducing fractions is discussed below. For
example, (5/7)*(2/3) = 10/21. When one fraction is
multiplied by another fraction, the product is smaller
than either of the original fractions.
When dividing fractions, invert (put the denominator
over the numerator) the second fraction and multiply.
For example, (5/7) (1/3) = (5/7)*(3/1) = (5*3) / (7*1) =
15/7.
The Admission Test may include problems in which the
numerator or denominator itself is a fraction such as 5/
(2/3). Just remember this is just another notation for
division. For example, 5 (2/3) = 5 * (3/2) = (5/1)*(3/2)
= 15/2.
When adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing
fractions, you must make sure the final fraction is in
reduced form, especially if your final answer does not
appear in the answer choices. Consider the example we
used when discussing adding and subtracting fractions.
23
4
7
14
EQUATION
The basic principle to which you must adhere in solving
any equation is that you can manipulate the equation
any way as you do the same thing to both sides. For
example, you may always add the same number to each
side, subtract the same or number from each side,
multiply or divide each side by the same number (except
0), square each root side, take the squarer of each side
(if the quantities are positive), of take the reciprocal of
each side. These comments apply to inequalities, as well,
but here you must be very careful because some
procedures, such as multiplying or dividing by a negative
number and taking reciprocals, reverse inequalities.
Mathematical
Meaning
Equals
Symbol
=
Addition
Subtraction
Multiplication
Division
Inequality
Inequality
Inequality
Inequality
Unknown
quantity
>
<
x (or more
other
variable)
INEQUALITIES
These problems deal with numbers that are less than,
greater than, or equal to other numbers. The following
laws apply to all inequalities:
= 12 + 27 = 39
AVERAGE
a) 1400 pounds
c) 900 pounds
b) 1200 pounds
d) 600 pounds
10
5
b)
+4
4
c)
+5
4
d)
+10
5
INEQUALITIES
23. If the sum of three consecutive integers is less than
75, what is the greatest possible value of the
smallest one?
a) 22
b) 23 c) 24 d) 25
24. If x < y and a = b, then
a) x + a = y + b
b) x + a < y + b c) x + a > y + b
d) x + a = y
e) x + a = b
25. If y = 1 + 1/x and x > 1, then y could equal
a) 1/7
b) 5/7 c) 4/7 d) 6/7 e) 8/7
2.
7.
12.
17.
22.
27.
32.
D
D
B
D
D
A
C
3.
8.
13.
18.
23.
28.
33.
C
B
D
B
B
C
C
4.
9.
14.
19.
24.
29.
34.
A
C
A
D
B
A
C
5.
10.
15.
20.
25.
30.
35.
D
D
D
D
E
C
C
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
+5
15
= 3, then m =
a) 4
22. If
2 +4+6
2 +3+7
b) 8
c) 10
d) 12
e) 20
= 1, then x = ?
a) 0
b) -1 c) 7/6 d) 6
e) 1
23. The sum of , 1/3, 1/8, 1/15 and 1/5 is:
a) 41/40 b) 16/15
c) 6/9
d) 49/40 e) none
24. Which of the following is true?
a) 0 < 1/10 < .01
b) 0.12 < 1/8 < 0.13
c) 0.3 < < 0.5
d) 0.3 < 1/3 < 0.33
25. Which of the following fraction is the largest?
a) 12/15 b) 5/6 c) 17/21
d) 11/14
26. Which of the following is greater than I?
a)
c)
0.00004
.005
0.01
.003
b)
d)
0.000006
.0001
0.0003
.0006
2
7
4
+ 10000 + 5000
100
a) 0.0278
=?
b) 0.02078
c) 0.020078
d) None
30. If two places are one inch apart on a map, then they
are actually 160 miles apart. (The scale one the map
7
keeps 1/5 of her share and sells the rest to the man,
what fraction of the business will the man own?
a)
b) 11/32
c) 23/100
d) 7/8
33. Which of the following fraction is the largest?
a) 2/3
b) 3/5 c) 7/11 d) 13/23
34. Which of the following fractions is the smallest?
a) 5/6
b) 12/15
c) 11/14
d) 29/35
d) 209/60 e) 1254/120
49. Ashraful bowled 4 games and scored an average
of 30 points. What score could he receive on his
fifth game if he wants to have an overall average
that is a multiple of 7, his favorite number?
a) 20
b) 15
c) 21 d) 35
50. The average age of a family of 6 matches is 22
years. If the age of the youngest member be 7
years, the average age of the family at the birth
of the youngest member was:
a) 15 years
b) 17 years
c) 18 years
d) 19 years
51. During a 10 day period, Saikat received the
following number of phone calls each day: 2, 3,
9, 3, 5, 7, 7, 10, 7, 6. What is the average
(arithmetic mean) of the median and mode of this
set of data?
a) 7.00
b) 6.50
c) 6.75
d) 7.50
52. The average weight of five persons of a group
was 160 lbs. A person left the group whose
weight is 150 lbs. and a new person join the
group. As a result, the average weight became
155 lbs. what is the weight of the new person?
a) 120
b) 125
c) 135 d) 145
53. In cricket team, the average age of 11 players is
28 years. Out of these the averages ages of three
groups of three players each are 25 years, 28
years, and 30 years respectively. If in these
groups, the captain is 11 years older than the
youngest player, what is the age of the captain?
a) 33 years
b) 34 years
c) 35 years
d) 36 years
Answer:
1. A
8. E
15. A
22. E
29. B
36. B
43. C
50. C
2.
9.
16.
23.
30.
37.
44.
51.
E
A
C
D
D
D
B
C
3.
10.
17.
24.
31.
38.
45.
52.
D
E
B
C
C
B
B
B
4.
11.
18.
25.
32.
39.
46.
53.
C
A
B
B
C
C
E
C
5.
12.
19.
26.
33.
40.
47.
C
D
B
C
A
D
B
6.
13.
20.
27.
34.
41.
48.
D
A
A
D
C
C
D
7.
14.
21.
28.
35.
42.
49.
B
E
E
D
D
C
A