Sp en c er SOH, 4B OH

& 4B OB Mu l t i s t ag e
Cen t r i f u g al B l o w er s

Ser i al No :

Mo d el No :

Op er at i n g an d
Mai n t en an c e Man u al

4BOB Four-Bearing Outboard

SOH Standard Overhung

4BOH Four-Bearing Overhung

Im p o r t an t

Read an d b ec o m e f am i l i ar w i t h t h i s m an u al p r i o r t o i n s t al l i n g y o u r Sp en c er b l o w er. Fo l l o w i n g t h e i n s t r u c t i o n s d et ai l ed
h ere w i ll h elp y o u r eali ze it s f ul l p ot en t ial o f ef f ic i en t s er vi c e an d ext en d ed l i fes p an. Damag e res u l ti n g fr o m fai l u re t o f o l l o w
c o r r ec t p r o c ed u r e w i l l v o i d t h e w ar r an t y.
Th e Sp en c er Tu r b i n e Co m p an y

Windsor, Connecticut 06095

Fo r m A A 15.4

C o n t en t s
I

Page

In t r o du c ti o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
II
L i m i t ed War r an t y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
III Saf et y Pr ec au t i o n s & Op er at i n g Gu i d el i n es . . . . . . .3
IV Han d l i n g an d St or age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Lifting and Moving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Unpacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
V
In s t al l at i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Foundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Blower Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1. Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2. Flexible Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
3. Butterfly Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
4. Filters, Silencers and Filter Silencers . . . . . . . . . .5
5. Check Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
6. Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
7. Coupling Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
8. Shaft Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
9. Motor Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
VI Op er at i o n an d A d j u s t m en t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Startup Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Blower Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Surge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Normal Operating Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Periodic Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Parallel Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
VII L u b r i c at i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Motor Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Blower Bearings, 4BOH & 4BOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Flexible Couplings, 4BOH & 4BOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
VIII Mai n t en an c e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Replacement Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Equipment Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Material Safety Data Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Emergency Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Service and Operating Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
SOH Diagram and Recommended Spare Parts . . .10
SOH Disassembly/Reassembly Instructions . . . . . .11
4BOH Diagram and Recommended Spare Parts . .12
4BOH Disassembly/Reassembly Instructions . . . . .13
4BOB Diagram and Recommended Spare Parts . . .14
4BOB Disassembly/Reassembly Instructions . . . . .15
IX Tr o u b l es h o o t i n g Gu i d e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Insufficient Air or Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Machine Noisy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Machine Vibrating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Motor Hot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

I. In t r o d u c t i o n

Welcome as a Spencer customer and owner of a new centrifugal

blower. Your blower incorporates exclusive Spencer engineering
technology, based on more than a century of leadership in blower
design and manufacture.

This manual contains the information you need for handling,

installing, operating and maintaining your new equipment correctly,
to ensure trouble-free operation and long service life. Please
read it thoroughly. Illustrations and instructions contained here
apply to three series of blowers; Standard Overhung (SOH),
Four Bearing Overhung (4BOH) and Four Bearing Outboard
(4BOB). If you need assistance in determining which model you
have, please consult your Spencer Representative.

Your Spencer Representative will also answer any questions you

may have about the procedures or recommendations presented
in this manual. The Spencer Service and Engineering Departments
can provide assistance as well.
Be sure the machine model number and serial number are correctly recorded in the boxes on the front cover of this manual.
These numbers may be found on the nameplate (see samples
below) located on the machine housing.
Having this information easily accessible will expedite parts
orders and other communication with the factory. To serve your
maintenance and repair needs promptly, Spencer maintains a
large inventory of parts for all blower models.

Il l . Saf et y Pr ec au t i o n s
an d Op er at i n g
Gu i d el i n es

Read and follow all instructions in this manual. If you have

any questions, consult your Spencer Representative.

Use appropriately rated lifting equipment for installation,

removal or disassembly of heavy components.

Pr o d u c t Des c r i p t i o n

Standard Overhung Design

These Spencer blowers are multistage centrifugal units which

handle air and other gases, working either as blowers or
exhausters. They increase the pressure of the incoming air or
gas by guiding it from one stage to the next through diffusers.
They are centrifugal because the flow through the blower is
turned perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
The most prevalent Spencer blower configuration is the standard overhung type which has all the impellers mounted directly
on an extended motor shaft.

The four-bearing overhung blower uses a standard shaft motor

and an overhung impeller design. The rotating blower assembly
is supported by a rigid ball bearing bracket and shaft, which is
connected to the motor via a flexible coupling.

In four-bearing outboard blowers, the impellers are mounted on

a shaft supported between two outboard bearings and driven by
a standard shaft motor through a flexible coupling.

II. L i m i t ed War r an t y

We warrant that this product will be free from defects in material

and workmanship for a period of 18 months from date of shipment or 12 months from date of startup, whichever comes first.
Within the warranty period, we shall repair or replace, F.O.B.
our Factory, such products that are determined by us to be
defective.
This warranty will not apply to any product which has been subjected to misuse, negligence or accident, or misapplied or
improperly installed. This warranty will not apply to any product
which has been disassembled, repaired or otherwise altered by
any persons not authorized by the Spencer Service Department.

The guarantees of the motor, control and component manufacturers govern the extent of our guarantee on such equipment.
Warranty work on motors, controls and components must be
authorized by Spencer and must be performed in an authorized
shop as designated by the motor, control and component manufacturers. The Spencer Turbine Company reserves the right to
invoice all expenses incurred when repairs are made in the field
at the specific request of a customer. For complete warranty
information, refer to Form 706, Spencer's Terms and Conditions
of Sales.

Remove inlet and discharge covers, silica gel bags and crating materials prior to blower installation.
Inspect all openings for tools and foreign matter before connecting accessories or piping.
Perform all installing and operating procedures with care,
following sound practices to avoid accidents and damage.

Avoid climbing on or over the blower; use proper staging and

ladders for exterior machine access.

Be sure isolation pads are placed beneath the blower. See

page 4.
Install flexible connectors on inlet and discharge flanges to
isolate piping loads from the blower.

Ensure that piping, machine guards and accessories such as

filters or valves are properly installed and fastened.
Install a filter on the inlet when the blower is used in pressure
service and keep it clean.
Allow only qualified electricians to work on electrical equipment.

Lock electrical circuits open and tag them during servicing of

equipment.
Align the coupling as instructed on page 5 (4BOH and 4BOB
blowers only). Then remove alignment tools and replace
coupling guard before restarting blower.
Turn the blower shaft by hand to verify free rotation without
rubbing or noise.
Check motor rotation as instructed on page 7.

Do not operate the blower where there is an ambient temperature above 104F (40C), unless it has been designed for
such conditions.

Operate blower with sufficient restriction at all times (via connected piping system or throttled butterfly valve) to avoid
motor overloading.
Do not allow blower operation in surge (unstable low flow) or
damage may result.
Rotate shaft of stored or inactive blowers a few times by
hand every week.
Use only genuine Spencer parts for repairs and service.

IV. Han d l i n g an d
St o r ag e

Each Spencer blower is carefully balanced and tested at the

factory. For optimum performance, it must be handled with care
during unloading and installation.
Check the shipment for damage upon arrival; file any claims
with the shipper and notify Spencer.

L i f t i n g an d Mo v i n g

Moving of this equipment is the customers responsibility and

should be performed or directed by experienced riggers using
accepted rigging practices and safety precautions. The blower/
motor assembly can be lifted and relocated with a forklift, overhead crane or hoist. Always use lifting equipment rated for the
loads involved.

Consideration should be given to the noise generated by this

equipment and its contribution to the ambient noise level.
Optional noise reduction accessories include blower housing
sound attenuation jackets, filter silencers or silencers for the
blower inlet and/or discharge, and silencers for the motor.
NOTE: Duct noise attenuation is a customer responsibility.

Fo u n d at i o n

A level concrete pad is recommended, although any flat level

surface that can support the machine weight is satisfactory. The
blower base should be placed level on the furnished isolation
pads or equivalent. Each pad must be shimmed, if necessary,
to ensure that it is carrying its share of the load. If lag bolts and
nuts are used to restrain the blower, hand-tighten only.
NOTE: Spencer does not recommend grouting of machines.
In l et

Di s c h ar g e

CA UTION: Do n o t l i f t t h e b l o w er b y i t s s h af t o r b ear i n g
h o u s i n g ; u s e t h e f u r n i s h ed l i f t i n g e y e s o r s l o t s i n t h e
b l o w er b as e.

St o r ag e

Ch ec k
Val v e

If a blower is stored for an extended period before use or

between uses, protect it from dampness, dirt and vibration.
Suspend bags of silica gel desiccant in the inlet and discharge.
Cover the entire blower if possible or at least cover the inlet and
discharge openings to keep out foreign matter. Rotate the blower shaft a few times by hand every week, keeping a log.

Flex i bl e
Con n ec t or s

B u t t er f l y
Val v e

CA UTIO N: Fai l u r e t o c o m p l y w i t h t h e r eq u i r e d s t o r a g e
p r o v i s i o n s , i n c l u d i n g w eek l y s h af t r o t at i o n s , w i l l v o i d t h e
w ar r an t y.

Un p ac k i n g

1. Uncrate the blower, saving all literature, boxes and parts.

2. Remove inlet and discharge protective caps and all packing

materials.

3. Use the packing slip to check off and confirm the presence
of all ordered components.
4. Read any instructional and warning labels on the machine
before installation and operation.

V. In s t al l at i o n

NOTE: If any problems are encountered during installation or

startup, consult your local Spencer Representative.

L o c at i o n

CA UTION: Do n o t l o c at e b l o w er o r c o n t r o l s w h er e t h ey w i l l
b e s u b j ec t t o am b i en t t em p er at u r es ab o v e 104F (40C)
d u r i n g o p er at i o n , u n l e s s s p ec i al l y e q u i p p ed f o r h i g h er
t em p er at u r es .

Spencer blowers may be installed outdoors, preferably under

cover, or indoors. When choosing an indoor location, be sure
there is sufficient ventilation to allow unrestricted airflow to the
blower. In addition, it is advisable to leave several feet of space
around the blower and motor for ease of servicing. Inaccessibility
can prove costly.

B l o w er Set u p

1" Is o l at i o n Pad
(shim if necessary)

CA UTION: Mak e s u r e b l o w er i n l et an d d i s c h ar g e p o r t s ar e
u n o b s t r u c t ed b ef o r e c o n n ec t i n g p i p i n g t o b l o w er.

1. Pi p i n g

All piping connected to the blower should be of ample size to

minimize frictional loss. All system joints must be airtight; leaky
pipes waste air and power.

All piping must be properly aligned and supported to avoid

stress on the blower and restrained to prevent movement away
from the blower caused by air pressure. Flexible connectors
must be used to connect piping to the blower.
NOTE: The diagram above shows the proper orientation of a
piping elbow in-line with the blower shaft. The butterfly valve
should have its shaft at right angles to the blower shaft and the
valve should open as indicated (counterclockwise in this example). These steps will assure uniform loading of the blowers
first stage.

2. F l ex i b l e Co n n ec t o r s

CA UTION: Co n n ec t ed p i p i n g m u s t n o t t o u c h t h e b l o w er.
Use fl exi bl e co nn ect or s (exp ans io n j o in ts o r r ub b er sl eev es )
o n b o t h t h e in l et an d d i sc h ar g e t o cr eat e an i s ol at i n g g ap
b et w een b l o w er an d p i p i n g .

3. B u t t er f l y Val v e

To regulate (throttle) blower volume and/or pressure, a butterfly

valve may be installedpreferably on the inlet. A valve may
also be installed on the discharge as an isolation valve.

4. Fi l t er s , Si l en c er s an d Fi l t er Si l en c er s

Spencer blowers will accept a filter or filter silencer, typically on

the inlet, and a silencer, typically on the discharge. Inlet filtration
is recommended for pressure applications.

5. Ch ec k Val v e

CA UTION: A c h ec k v al v e m u s t b e i n s t al l ed i n t h e d i s c h ar g e
l i n e (d o w n s t r eam o f an y b l o w -o f f l i n e) o f eac h b l o w er o p er at i n g i n p ar al l el , o r i n t h e i n l et l i n e (u p s t r eam o f an y b l eed
l i n e) o f eac h v a c u u m p r o d u c er o p er at i n g i n p a r al l el t o
p r ev en t r ev er s e f l o w t h r o u g h i d l e u n i t s .

Orient the check valve during installation to equalize loading on

the valve shutters. Usually, the hinge post of the check valve
should be installed perpendicular to the blower shaft. If the
check valve is installed in a horizontal piping line, position the
valve shaft vertically. Make sure the internal moving parts can
move freely.

6. El ec t r i c al

NOTE: All wiring and electrical adjustments or installations must

be done by a qualified electrician in accordance with the
National Electrical Code and local codes.

CA UT ION: Th e el ec t r i c al s er v i c e at t h e i n s t a l l at i o n s i t e
m u s t s up p l y t h e v o l tag e s t am p ed o n t h e m o to r n am ep l at e.
Op er at i o n at an i n c o r r ec t v o l t ag e m ay d am ag e t h e m o t o r
an d v o i d i t s w ar r an t y.

In making electrical connections, follow the wiring instructions

furnished. Wire and fuses should be of ample capacity to
ensure that proper voltage is maintained at the motor terminals
while starting and running. It is important that proper starting
equipment is used. The starters should have thermal overload
protection as well as true low-voltage protection.

El ec t r i c al A c c es s o r i es . The following optional safety accessories are available from Spencer. For copies of the product
bulletins listed, contact your Spencer Representative or
www.spencerturbine.com.
Load Control Safety Switch (LCSS)Bult. No. TDS-223

Electronic Modulating Bleed Control (EMBC) Bult. No.

TDS-224

Bearing Temperature Monitor Control (BTMC) Bult. No.

TDS-222

Standard Blower Safety Control Panels (LCSS, BTMC and

VM, Vibration Monitor)Bult. No. TDS-237 and TDS-236

NOTE: Use of a BTMC, vibration monitor and an LCSS or

EMBC may be advisable in crucial or unattended applications,
anywhere there are wide load fluctuations or where machines
are operating at high pressure or vacuum.

Both the LCSS and EMBC are designed to prevent a blower or

vacuum producer from operating in a low load (surge) condition.

7. Co u p l i n g A l i g n m en t , 4B OH & 4B OB

The coupling on this machine was carefully aligned at the factory

and the coupling halves and shell(s) marked to indicate optimum relative position. However, transportation may have
caused coupling misalignment.

CAUTION: Ch ec k t he mo to r an d bl o wer s haf ts fo r m i s al i g n m en t an d c ar ef u l l y r eal i g n t h em i f n ec es s ar y af t er i n s t al l at i o n an d b ef o r e s t a r t u p , a s m i s al i g n m en t c an c a u s e

d e s t r u c t i v e v i b r a t i o n . Co u p l i n g a l i g n m en t s h o u l d b e
r ec h ec k ed ag ai n af t er an h o u r s o p er at i o n . Fi n al al i g n m en t
s h o u l d b e m ad e at av er ag e o p er at i n g t em p er at u r e. A f t er
eac h al i g n m en t c h ec k , ad d l u b r i c an t p er i n s t r u c t i o n s an d
r ep l ac e c o u p l i n g g u ar d .
WA RNING: DISCONNECT A ND L OCK OUT EL ECTRICA L
POWER B EFORE PERFORMING A L IGNMENT.

On certain blowers, the coupling is disassembled after factory

alignment and marking. The coupling halves are specially protected against the elements during shipping. Prior to startup,
assemble the coupling, align keyways using factory markings
and lubricate as instructed.
Coupling alignment lines up the motor shaft and blower shaft in
horizontal and vertical planes. It also ensures an adequate
clearance (gap) between the two coupling halves. Only qualified personnel should attempt to align a coupling. If problems
arise, contact Spencer or your Spencer Representative.

Si er B at h Gear -Ty p e Co u p l i n g s , manufactured to our rigid

specifications, are most commonly supplied with Spencer
equipment.
Si er B at h
Co u p l i n g Si ze, i n .
7/8
1-1/2
2
2-1/2
3
3-1/2
4
4-1/2
5

Hu b t o Hu b
Gap , i n .
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4

Remove one snap ring and slide the sleeve off the hub halves.
Using a feeler gage, verify that the gap between the coupling
halves agrees with this table.

CA UTION: So m e m o t o r s h aft s ar e s p r i n g -l o ad ed ax i al l y. B e
c ar ef u l w h en u s i n g t h e f eel er g ag e t o av o i d c o m p r es s i n g
t h e s h af t an d d i s t u r b i n g t h e n o r m al at -r es t p o s i t i o n .
Mac h i n er y So f t Fo o t

Imperfections or unevenness between the machine base and

any foot of the motor or blower creates a condition known as
soft foot, which may be parallel or angular. If uncorrected, soft
foot leads to increased stress and high vibration. Although both
the motor and blower feet were preset at the factory, each foot
must be checked for soft foot prior to alignment. Any vertical or
angular soft foot that exceeds .003 is excessive and must be
corrected.

L as er A l i g n m en t Tec h n i q u e (Rec o m m en d ed )

Laser systems have significant advantages such as reduced

maintenance costs and energy consumption; prolonged life for
bearings, seals and couplings; decreased bearing temperatures
and lower vibration levels. Many laser systems also identify and
measure soft foot conditions.
NOTE: Consult an alignment specialist if laser equipment is not
available.

CA UTION: Co m p l et e t h e f o l l o w i n g p r o c ed u r es b ef o r e
at t em p t i n g c o u p l i n g al i g n m en t w i t h s l eev e b ear i n g m o t o r s .

Use a flange-type gear coupling for both 1800 and 3600 RPM
motors. Do not use a sleeve-type coupling.
Sleeve bearing motors have a specified end play. End play limits
and the magnetic center (where motor will run) should be
scribed on the shaft by the manufacturer.

Use the following procedure to align a sleeve bearing motor

with a blower.
1. Make sure the motor shaft is level.

Blower Shaft

2. Position the motor so that when the rotor is pushed toward

the blower as far as it will go, there will 0.030" clearance
between the ends of the motor and blower shafts (or the
alignment faces on the coupling hubs).

Motor Shaft

3. Proceed with coupling alignment using the appropriate

instructions.

Rev er s e In d i c at o r Met h o d (Per m i s s i b l e)

This method may be done electronically following the instrument manufacturers instructions or by means of dial indicators
as follows:
1. Reinstall the coupling sleeve, seal and snap ring.

2. Clamp dial indicators on shafts 180 apart as shown.

3. Place indicator probes on opposite shafts as shown.

4. Rotate both shafts simultaneously in the correct operating

direction, taking readings at 90 intervals.

5. Adjust motor to achieve parallel and angular alignment. If

questions arise, contact the Spencer Service Department.
Straightedge

Blower Shaft

Feeler Gage

Motor Shaft

Make sure the blower is level before alignment.

Avoid disturbing any factory-installed shims unless they are

to be replaced.

Mark the axial location of the motor before alignment as a

reference point to be sure it does not move.

Do soft foot corrections first; loosen all mounting bolts before

correcting any foot.

During the final vertical adjustment of the motor, work on

one side at a time, loosening the jack bolts first so the motor
does not move laterally as mounting bolts are loosened.

Use the smallest shim that will slide over the mounting bolts.

Minimize the number of shims. One thick shim and 2-3 thin
shims are usually satisfactory.
Remove all traces of dirt or contaminants from shims and
machine parts.
Use stainless steel shims only.
Never reuse shims.

Straightedge
Motor
Shaft

St r ai g h t ed g e Met h o d (Per m i s s i b l e)

1. Remove old lubricant and clean the hub teeth.

2. Set a machine shop quality straightedge across the coupling

hubs (at the root diameter of the gear teeth).

3. Adjust the motor so the straightedge is evenly supported

between the coupling hubs at the 3, 6, 9 and 12 oclock
positions.
4. Using a feeler gage, measure the clearance between the
coupling hubs at the 3, 6, 9 and 12 oclock positions.

5. Adjust the motor so the gap is identical at all four positions

and in accord with the table of hub to hub gaps.
Co u p l i n g A l i g n m en t w i t h Sl eev e B ear i n g Mo t o r s

A l i g n m en t Ti p s

CAUTION: A f t er each al ig n m en t c hec k, ad d co u pl i n g l u b ri can t if requi red.

WA RNING: REPL A CE THE COUPL ING GUA RD B EFORE

RESTA RTING THE B L OWER.

8. Sh af t Seal s (4B OB B l o w er s & Gas

B o o s t er s )

VI. Op er at i o n an d
A d j u s t m en t s

St ar t u p Pr ec au t i o n s

Before operating a new blower for the first time, review its
installation and setup to be sure that no steps have been overlooked.

1. In s t al l at i o n Ch ec k L i s t

Is there any damage from transportation or installation?

Packing Box

Carbon Ring

Is the machine level?

Have all packing, shipping materials and tools been removed?

Is the inlet filter in place?

Are isolation pads in place?

Is the piping connected and supported?

Are flexible connectors in place between blower and piping?

Are safety guards in place?

2. A d j u s t m en t Ch ec k s

Is the coupling aligned within tolerances and lubricated?

(4BOB & 4BOH blowers only)
Mechanical Seal
Shaft seals at both the inlet and discharge ends minimize leakage
of gas into or out of the blower. Packing boxes are standard for
4BOB blowers. Packing boxes, carbon ring seals and mechanical
seals may be used on gas boosters. Consult Spencer Form DD
or applicable manufacturers instructions.

9. Mo t o r Ro t at i o n

The motor must be wired correctly to rotate the blower in the

right direction. A rotation arrow is located on the blower housing.
Bump or jog the start button and observe the direction of rotation

3. O p er at i o n al Ch ec k s

Is the throttling valve closed or properly positioned?

Do the blower shaft and driver spin freely?
Is the isolation valve (if any) open?

Is the system ready for air or gas delivery?

Has motor rotation been checked?

Are motor and electrical accessories properly wired?

Is the control panel energized?

Have maintenance and operations personnel been notified?

CA UTION: Th i s b l o w er m u s t h av e ad eq u at e s y s t em r es i s t an c e at al l t i m es t o av o i d o p er at i o n at o r n ear f r ee d el i v er y
(w i d e o p en ). It i s t y p i c al l y i m p o s ed b y t h e p r o c es s an d
s u p p l em en t ed w i t h a t h r o t t l i n g v al v e. Ru n n i n g t h e b l o w er
o v er l o ad ed w i l l d am ag e t h e m o t o r.

B l o w er St ar t u p

of the motor shaft. This movement must agree with the rotation
arrow. If the rotation is incorrect, the motor wiring must be
changed.

This diagram shows the available discharge positions, viewed

from the intake end, and the direction of blower rotation associated
with each discharge position.

With the system connected and the throttling valve closed, turn
the blower on. Quickly assess the current draw of the motor.
Adjust the system load or throttling valve until the desired flow
is reached, being careful not to operate in surge or to exceed
the full-rated motor capacity. Initially, blowers will temporarily
develop more differential pressure and take more power. Check
final settings after operating temperature is achieved, typically
after one-half hour. If the throttling valve is not fully open when
the motor capacity has been reached, it should be fixed at this
point to prevent further opening and possible overloading of the
motor.

Su r g e

CA UTION: Do n o t o p er at e b l o w er i n s u r g e (u n s t ab l e l o w
f l o w r a n g e) . Dam ag e t o b l o w er c au s e d b y o p er a t i n g i n
s u r g e i s n o t c o v er ed b y Sp en c er w ar r an t y.

A blower in surge produces a rush or pulsating rhythmic air

sound caused when airflow into or out of the blower is restricted.
In addition to its characteristic noise, surge may be detected by
power or pressure fluctuations. Surge is destructive because it
is accompanied by excessive temperatures and aerodynamic
forces that will ultimately cause mechanical failure. A surge condition is simply eliminated by increasing the airflow either into the
system or to a bypass or vent. Various surge control devices
are also available from Spencersee page 5.

NOTE: If a blower surges violently at startup, avoid recurrences

by leaving the throttling valve open at or near its normal operating
position.

No r m al Op er at i n g L i m i t s

NOTE: Use of a Spencer bearing temperature monitor and

vibration monitor is recommended to alert personnel to blower
operation outside the following limits.
Vibration should not exceed 1.5 mils @ 3500 rpm, 1.8 mils @
2900 rpm or 3.0 mils @ 1750 rpm at each bearing housing.
All of these speeds have a velocity limit of 0.275 in/sec.

Follow the motor manufacturers recommendations for maximum motor bearing and winding temperatures.
Blower bearing temperatures should not exceed the following
values at the bearing housing surface.
Ser i es

In l et En d
F (C)

Di s c h ar g e En d
F (C)

4BOB

165 (74)

150 (66)

4BOH

150 (66)

150 (66)

If abnormal operation is detected, shut the blower down and

refer to the Troubleshooting Guide in the back of this manual or
contact Spencer.

Per i o d i c Op er at i o n

CA UTION: A l l b l o w er s s h o u l d b e o p er at ed p er i o d i c al l y.

In multiple blower installations, periodically rotate each blower

from standby to operating status.

Par al l el In s t al l at i o n

CA UTION: A c h ec k v al v e m u s t b e i n s t al l ed i n t h e d i s c h ar g e
l i n e o f eac h b l o w er o r i n l et o f eac h v ac u u m p r o d u c er o p er at i n g i n p ar al l el t o p r ev en t r ev er s e f l o w t h r o u g h i d l e u n i t s .
CA UTION: Do n o t o p er at e c en t r i f u g al b l o w er s i n p ar al l el
w i t h p o s i t i v e d i s p l ac em en t b l o w er s . Su c h o p er at i o n m ay
d am ag e t h e c en t r i f u g al b l o w er s an d w i l l v o i d t h e w ar r an t y.

When operating two or more blowers in parallel (typically identical

blowers), each must carry its share of the load. The current
readings of all motors should be approximately the same. It
may be necessary to adjust the individual throttling valve stops
to attain similar readings.

VII. L u b r i c at i o n

WA RNING: DISCONNECT A ND L OCK OUT EL ECTRICA L

POWER B EFORE PERFORMING L UB RICATION.

Mo t o r B ear i n g s

Follow the motor manufacturers recommendations. Some

motors are equipped with sealed bearings not intended for
relubrication; these motors have no grease or drain plugs.

B l o w er B ear i n g s (4B OH & 4B OB )

4BOH and 4BOB blowers are equipped with deep-groove ball

bearings designed to carry the thrust and radial loads. These
bearings are packed at the factory with sufficient grease for
1500 to 8000 hours of continuous operation prior to relubrication.
Lubrication prior to blower operation is not recommended and
should not be attempted.
If, however, the blower has been stored for three months or longer,
remove the bearing caps and check for moisture or hard grease.
Discard any hard or dry grease and relubricate if necessary.
An average lubrication interval should be established based on
existing conditions. Several factors affect the frequency of
lubrication:
1. Operating temperature of the bearing
2. Indoor or outdoor blower location
3. Clean or dusty conditions
4. Ambient temperature
5. Predicted duty cycle

6. Bearing size and speed

Under actual operating conditions, the ideal lubrication interval

of 8000 hours should be adjusted according to the following
table.
NOTE: The higher limit of each range shown is for small bearings
(#308 and smaller); the lower limit is for large sizes. This table
is only a guide. An extremely dirty atmosphere could decrease
the lubrication interval as much as 50%.
Op er at i n g Co n d i t i o n

L u b r i c at i o n In t er v al

II

Same conditions as I except

intermittent operation

60008000 hours

Same conditions as Ill except

intermittent operation

50007000 hours

Ill

IV

1. 120150F bearing temp.

2. Indoor installation
3. Clean atmosphere
4. 40100F ambient temp.
5. Continuous operation
1. 120155F bearing temp.
2. Outdoor installation
3. All atmospheres
4. 0104F ambient temp.
5. Continuous operation

40006000 hours

30005000 hours

L u b r i c at i o n Pr o c ed u r e

CA UTION: K eep t h e g r eas e c l ean an d m ai n t ai n c l ean l i n es s

t o av o i d b ear i n g c o n t am i n at i o n an d d am ag e.

NOTE: More bearing failures are caused by overgreasing than

lack of lubricant. Always add grease sparingly.

CA UTION: Us e Chevr on SRI #2 g rease. In ter mi xin g in com pati bl e g r eas es or u s in g an y ot h er ty p e m ay r es ul t i n bear in g
fail ure w hic h is no t c ov ered und er th e Spenc er warrant y.
Ch ev r o n SRI #2 Gr eas e Sp ec i f i c at i o n s

Grade or consistency...............................................................#2
Thickener .......................................................................polyurea
ASTM Dropping Point ........................................................480F
Work Penetration...................................................................270
Base Oil Viscosity ..........................................600 SUS @ 100F
Color..........................................................................Blue-Green
To lubricate blower bearings, use the following procedure:
1. Shut down the machine.

2. Remove guards as necessary.

3. Inject the recommended grease using a grease gun. The

proper amount of grease will vary with bearing size.
4. Reinstall guards and restart blower.

L u b r i c at i o n o f r ep l a c em e n t b e a r i n g s (4 B O H & 4 B OB ) .
Before installing, butter both sides of replacement bearings by
forcing grease into each side until it is flush with the race. For
outboard tandem bearing installation, follow procedures packed
with each new bearing set.

Fl ex i b l e Co u p l i n g s , 4B OH & 4B OB

Gear-type couplings must contain lubricant at all times. They

are lubricated at the factory with Texaco Code 1912 coupling
grease and should be relubricated with identical or compatible
grease every six months.

Two coupling lubrication ports are located 180 apart. Remove

the setscrew lube plugs from both ports. Install a grease fitting
in one port and rotate the coupling until the grease fitting is
angled upward 45. Pump grease in until clean grease flows out
of the opposite port. Remove the grease fitting, wipe off excess
grease, then replace and tighten the lube plugs.
Co u p l i n g Hal f Rem o v al

Gear-type couplings generally require application of heat and

use of a puller to remove.

VIII. Mai n t en an c e

WA RNING: DISCONNECT A ND L OCK OUT EL ECTRICA L

POWER B EFORE PERFORMING MA INTENA NCE.

Rep l ac em en t Par t s

Refer to the appropriate blower diagram in this manual for

replacement part names and numbers. When ordering parts,
provide full information about your Spencer equipment. Be sure
when reading nameplates that you obtain the correct information
and record it on the cover of this manual for reference when
ordering parts.

Remember, the more complete your information, the quicker your

order will be processed. Incomplete information will result in
unnecessary delays and expense through callbacks. When in
doubt, consult the Spencer Parts Department for further information.
When ordering parts, furnish the following:
Serial number and model number.
Motor horsepower.

Blower housing diameter.

Part nomenclaturerefer to the applicable diagram and

locate the needed item by its number and name.

(When ordering impellers and deflectors) Letter designation

for the specific components, obtained from the diagram.
Form number of this manualAA15.

Eq u i p m en t Ser v i c e

Spencer provides prompt, courteous factory and field service

for all its machines. To determine the nature of the disorder and
the best way to correct it, service personnel will be dispatched
to your location. We typically request a Purchase Order prior to
sending service personnel; however we will proceed on verbal
orders in an emergency.
Once a full evaluation of the equipment has been performed by
our service personnel, you will be advised if the service work is
covered by the Spencer warranty. For out-of-warranty services,
please note that we accept Visa and MasterCard charges as
well as other forms of payment.
NOTE: Spencer products returned to the factory must be sent
freight prepaid and accompanied by a Return Service Order
(RSO) issued by the Spencer Service Department after we
receive your Purchase Order. Service costs will be quoted after
inspection and the work will be performed upon written acceptance of the quotation.

Mat er i al Saf et y Dat a Sh eet s

Spencer is committed to ensuring the safety of its employees. If

Spencer equipment has been exposed to potentially hazardous
contaminants or if Spencer service personnel could be exposed
to a potentially hazardous field environment, a Material Safety
Data Sheet (MSDS) is required (a) prior to dispatching Spencer
service personnel or (b) before receipt of any equipment for
factory service. If special precautions are necessary to work on
the equipment, contact the Spencer Service Manager.

Em er g en c y Ser v i c e

Emergency service calls after normal working hours are routed

through our voice mail system at 1-800-232-4321 and a
Spencer service representative will return your call promptly.

Ser v i c e an d Op er at i n g A s s i s t an c e

Spencer Representatives are always available to help customers achieve maximum equipment performance and reliability.
Likewise, Spencer service personnel will provide onsite instruction
during field service calls in the proper procedures to avoid a
recurrence of the problem encountered.

Ty p i c al Mu l t i s t ag e St an d ar d Ov er h u n g Ty p e (SOH)
Di s c h ar g e

I n t ak e

No t es :
1. Although three impellers and two deflectors are shown in
this typical drawing, the number in your machine may vary
depending on its design criteria.
2. The impellers are equipped with tapered bushing hubs as
illustrated or a split clamped hub.

3. When ordering replacement parts, refer to page 9.

Sc r een ed i t em s ar e r ec o m m en d ed s p ar e p ar t s

It em Nu m b er
1
2
4
8
9
12
15
19

10

No m en c l at u r e
Motor
Division head packing
Rope packing
Impellers
Interstage packing
End head gasket
Drive end motor bearing
Opposite drive end motor bearing

1
2
2A
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
9A
10

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

Mo t o r an d Sh af t A s s em b l y
Di v i s i o n Head Pac k i n g
Di v i s i o n Head Pac k i n g Pl at e
Di v i s i o n Head (No t av ai l ab l e as s ep ar at e
It em )
* Ro p e Pac k i n g f o r Def l ec t o r
En d Head B o l t s
En d Head
Def l ec t o r (A , B , et c .)
Im p el l er s (A , B , et c .)
In t er s t ag e Def l ec t o r Pac k i n g
Cen t er Def l ec t o r Pl at es (n o r m al l y n o t
f u r n i s h ed o n 30" o r s m al l er m ac h i n es )
Sp l i t Cl am p ed Hu b o r Tap er ed Bu s h i n g Hu b
(Par t o f Im p el l er A s s em b l y )
En d Head Gas k et
Feet
Sp ac er s
Dr i v e En d Mo t o r B ear i n g
Ho u s i n g
Mo t o r B as e
Mo t o r Ho l d -Do w n B o l t s
Op p o s i t e Dr i v e En d Mo t o r B ear i n g

*Fel t o n A d j u s t ab l e Di s c h ar g e Ty p e

Di s as s em b l y an d Reas s em b l y
In s t r u c t i o n s , SOH

WA RNING: DISCONNECT A ND L OCK OUT EL ECTRICA L

POWER B EFORE PERFORMING MA INTENA NCE.

CA UTION: Par t s m u s t b e r eas s em b l ed i n ex ac t l y t h e s am e

r el at i v e p o s i t i o n s . Th er ef o r e, i t Is r ec o m m en d ed t h at eac h
p ar t b e m ar k ed as i t i s r em o v ed f r o m t h e m ac h i n e t o f ac i l i t at e l at er r eas s em b l y. It i s es p ec i al l y i m p o r t an t t h at t h e
l o c at i o n o f eac h i m p el l er, as w el l as i t s p o s i t i o n o n t h e
s h af t , b e m ar k ed .

When ordering replacement impellers and deflectors, refer to

the Notes on accompanying illustration.
Di s as s em b l y

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Remove End Head Bolts (5) and End Head (6).

Mark the motor shaft and impeller (8) hub with an arbitrary
12 oclock reference point. Remove the first stage impeller
(8A) and mark it for reference during reassembly.

Check axial position of each deflector (7) at four radial

points with reference to end of housing and record for reference when reassembling unit.
Remove spacer (14A) holding rope packing (4) in place.
Mark spacer for reference during reassembly.

8.
9.

Proceed in a like manner with remaining impellers, spacers

and deflectors.
Reassemble the end head (6) to the housing using a new
endhead gasket (12).

B al an c i n g

Each machine is fully tested before leaving the Spencer factory

to be sure vibrations, if any, are well within specifications for this
particular machine. However, rough handling during shipment
or improper disassembly and reassembly of a machine can
upset its balance and/or result in excess vibration.
If there is any vibration due to an unbalanced condition after
assembly, use the following procedure.

After running at operating speed and when at rest, mark position of end impeller hub on shaft. Loosen bolts or screws holding
impeller on shaft. Rotate impeller 90 on shaft. Retighten bolts
or screws. Run machine again at operating speed and check
vibration. Repeat this process until the best position is located
for the impeller on the shaft so that there is no vibration in the
machine.

NOTE: In the event of problems following repair procedures,

contact the Spencer Service Department or your Spencer
Representative, describing the nature of the difficulty. Also furnish
the machine serial number.

Remove rope packing (4) holding deflector in place. Remove

deflector (7A). Mark for reference during reassembly.
Proceed to remove remaining stages in the same way,
marking each component to insure proper reassembly.
Note: Division Head (3) cannot be removed.

Unbolt division head packing plate (2A) and slide packing

plate and packing (2) back on the shaft.
Remove motor mounting bolts and slide motor (1) back.

Reas s em b l y

1.

Place the division head packing plate (2A) and packing (2)
on the shaft. If for any reason the packing (2) is damaged,
replace it. Install the motor (1) in the housing in its original
position. Be sure that the shaft is centered in the housing.
Assemble the packing (2) and packing plate (2A) to the
division head.

2.

Run the motor (1) to check for vibration. If excessive vibration

is present, check the shaft for runout.

4.

Inspect the interstage packing (9), if applicable, on deflector

(7B) and replace if damaged.

3.

5.
6.
7.

Place the first impeller (8C) on the shaft up against the division
head (3). Mark the shaft approximately 1/8" out and withdraw the impeller to this point. This will insure a clearance
of 1/8" behind the impeller. Tighten the hub securely.

Place deflector (7B) back tightly against the stops in the

casing. Install the rope packing (4) firmly into the groove,
using a suitable tool.
Install the next impeller (8B) on the shaft up against the
deflector (7B). Mark the shaft approximately 1/8" out and
withdraw the impeller to this point. Tighten the hub securely.

Install the spacer (14B) into the housing. Make sure spacer
and deflector (7B) are pressed back tightly and at a uniform distance from the end of the casing at four points.

11

Ty p i c al Fo u r -B ear i n g Ov er h u n g Ty p e (4B OH)

Di s c h ar g e

In t ak e

No t es :
1. Although three impellers and two deflectors are shown in this
typical drawing, the number in your machine may vary
depending on its design criteria.

2. The impellers are equipped with a split clamped hub as

illustrated, tapered bushing hubs or keyed hubs.

3. When ordering replacement parts, refer to page 9.

Sc r een ed i t em s ar e r ec o m m en d ed s p ar e p ar t s

It em Nu m b er
1
5
5A
6
10
14
16
18
21
23

12

No m en c l at u r e
Flexible coupling
Coupling end bearing
Blower end bearing
Division head packing
Impellers
Interstage deflector packing
End head gasket
Rope packing
Drive end motor bearing
Opposite drive end motor bearing

1
Fl ex i b l e Co u p l i n g
2
Co u p l i n g Gu ar d
3
B ear i n g B r ac k et L u b r i c at i o n Fi t t i n g
* Di v i s i o n Head
4
5
Co u p l i n g En d B ear i n g
5A
B l o w er En d B ear i n g
6
Di v i s i o n Head Pac k i n g
6A
Di v i s i o n Head Pac k i n g Pl at e
7
B ear i n g B r ac k et
8
En d Head B o l t s
9
Def l ec t o r s (A , B , et c .)
10
Im p el l er s (A , B , C, et c .)
11
En d Head A s s em b l y
12
Im p el l er B o l t s (o r Sc r ew s )
13
Sh af t
14
In t er s t ag e Def l ec t o r Pac k i n g
14A Cen t er Def l ec t o r Pl at es (No r m al l y n o t
f u r n i s h ed o n 30" o r s m al l er m ac h i n es )
15
Sp ac er s
16
En d Head Gas k et
17
Feet
18
Ro p e Pac k i n g f o r Def l ec t o r
19
Ho u s i n g
20
B as e f o r B ear i n g an d Mo t o r
21
Dr i v e En d Mo t o r B ear i n g
22
Mo t o r
23
Op p o s i t e Dr i v e En d Mo t o r B ear i n g
*No t av ai l ab l e as a s ep ar at e i t em

Di s as s em b l y an d Reas s em b l y
In s t r u c t i o n s , 4B OH

WA RNING: DISCONNECT A ND L OCK OUT EL ECTRICA L

POWER BEFORE PERFORMING MA INTENANCE.

CAUTION: Par ts m u s t b e r eas s em b l ed i n ex act l y t h e sam e

relativ e pos it ion . Th erefo re, i t i s recom mended that each part
be tagged as i t is remov ed fr om t he mac hi ne to f ac ili tate l at er
r eas s em b l y. i t i s es p ec i al l y i m p o r t an t t h at t h e l o c at i o n o f
each im peller, as w el l as its p osi ti on on th e s haft, b e m ar ked .

When ordering replacement impellers and deflectors, refer to

notes on accompanying illustrations.
Dis as s em bl y

1.

2.

3.
4.
5.

6.

Remove End Head Bolts (8) and End Head (11).

On other than keyed construction, mark the shaft (13) and

impeller (10) hub with an arbitrary 12 oclock reference point.
Remove the first stage impeller (10A) and mark it for reference during reassembly. On keyed construction, remove
snap ring. Remove impeller (10A) and its hub spacer and any
shims, marking them for replacement in their proper position.
Check axial position of each deflector (9) at four radial points
with reference to end of housing and record for reference
when reassembling unit.

Remove spacer (15) holding rope packing (18) in place.

Mark spacer for reference during reassembly.
Remove rope packing (18) holding deflector in place.
Remove deflector (9). Mark for reference during reassembly.

Proceed to remove remaining stages in the same way,

marking each component to insure proper reassembly.

Note: Division Head (4) cannot be removed.

7.

8.
9.

Rotate the blower shaft (13) so that the keyway is in the 12

oclock position. Mark the motor shaft and coupling hub to
show the corresponding 12 oclock position. Remove snap
ring on blower side of coupling (1) and slide coupling sleeve
back.

Remove motor mounting bolts and slide motor (23) back.

Identify and secure individual motor shim packs under each
motor foot for reassembly.
Unbolt division head packing plate (6A) and slide packing
plate and packing (6) back on the shaft.

10. Mark the blower end and coupling ends of the bracket (7) for
reference. Remove bearing bracket hold-down bolts and
slide bracket/shaft assembly out of the housing.

11. Using heat and a puller, remove the coupling hub from the
shaft.

12. Unbolt the bearing caps and remove. These caps are NOT
identical so label the coupling end and blower end caps
clearly. Remove the bearings (5 & 5A) from the shaft.
Remove the shaft from the bracket.
Reass emb ly

1.
2.
3.

Assemble the shaft (13) in the bracket with new bearings (5

& 5A) and grease. Assemble the caps, being careful to place
the correct cap on each end.
Using heat, assemble the coupling hub on the shaft (13).

Place the division head packing plate (6A) and packing (6)
on the shaft. If for any reason the packing (6) is damaged,

4.
5.

6.

7.

8.
9.

replace it. Install the bracket/shaft assembly into the housing

in its original position. Be sure that the shaft is centered in
the housing. Assemble the packing (6) and packing plate
(6A) to the division head.
Move the motor (23) back into its original position. Insure an
adequate gap between the coupling hubs. Align the motor
(23) to the blower shaft (13) following the instructions on
page 5 of this manual.
Rotate the blower shaft to the 12 oclock position and align
the corresponding mark on the motor coupling hub. Recouple
the motor (23) to the shaft (13) and run the assembly to
check for vibration. If excessive vibration is present, check
the shaft (13) for runout.

On keyed construction, the impellers (10), spacers and

shims are reassembled in precise reverse order of their disassembly. Verify clearance at each stage. On other than
keyed construction, place the first impeller (10C) on the shaft
up against the division head (4). Mark the shaft (13) approximately 1/8 behind the impeller and withdraw the impeller to
this point. This will insure a clearance of 1/8 behind the
impeller. Tighten the hub securely.
Inspect the interstage packing (14A), if applicable, on
deflector (9B) and replace if damaged.

Place deflector (9B) back tightly against the stops in the

casing. Install the rope packing (18) firmly into the groove,
using a suitable tool.
Install the next impeller (10B) on the shaft up against the
deflector (9B). Mark the shaft approximately 1/8 out and
withdraw the impeller to this point. Tighten the hub securely.

10. Install the spacer (15) into the housing. Make sure spacer
and deflector (9B) are pressed back tightly and at a uniform
distance from the end of the housing at four points.

11. Proceed in a like manner with remaining impellers, spacers

and deflectors.
12. Reassemble the end head (11) to the housing using a new
end head gasket (16).
B al an c in g

Each machine is fully tested before leaving the Spencer factory

to be sure vibrations, if any, are well within specifications for that
particular machine. However, rough handling during shipment or
improper disassembly and reassembly of a machine can upset its
balance and/or result in excess vibration.
If there is any excessive vibration due to an unbalanced condition
after assembly, use the following procedure:
1.
2.

Check coupling for misalignment. If realignment does not

correct the vibration, change the relative position of machine
shaft and motor shaft in increments of 90 until the smoothest
position is found.

If vibration persists, shut the blower down. Mark the position

of end impeller hub on the shaft. Loosen bolts or screws
securing the impeller. Rotate impeller 90 on shaft. Retighten
impeller. Run machine again at operating speed, and check
for vibration. Repeat this process until the best position is
located for impeller on shaft so that there is no vibration in
the machine.

NOTE: In the event of problems following repair procedures,

contact the Spencer Service Department or your Spencer
Representative, describing the nature of the difficulty. Also furnish
the machine serial number.

13

Ty p i c al Fo u r -B ear i n g Ou t b o ar d Ty p e (4B OB )
I n t ak e

Di s c h ar g e

1
2
3
4
6
7
8
8A
9
10
11
12
13
13A
14
15
16

No t es :
1. Although eight impellers and seven deflectors are shown in
this typical drawing, the number in your machine may vary
depending on its design criteria.

Mo t o r
Dr i v e En d Mo t o r B ear i n g
Fl ex i b l e Co u p l i n g
Co u p l i n g Gu ar d
In b o ar d B ear i n g L u b r i c at i o n Fi t t i n g
* Di v i s i o n Head
In b o ar d B ear i n g Cap Fr o n t
In b o ar d B ear i n g Cap Rear
Heat Fan Gu ar d
Ro p e Pac k i n g f o r Def l ec t o r s
Def l ec t o r s (A , B , C, et c .)
En d Head B o l t s
In t ak e Sp i r al
Gr eas e Dr ai n
En d Head A s s em b l y
Ou t b o ar d B ear i n g Nu t an d Was h er
Ou t b o ar d B ear i n g L u b r i c at i o n
Fi t t i n g

17
17A
18
18A
19
19A
20

20A
21
22
23
24
24A

24B
25

Sc r een ed i t em s ar e r ec o m m en d ed s p ar e p ar t s

Itt em Nu m b er
2
3
10
18
18A
20
22
25
29
32
34
37

14

2. The impellers are equipped with keyed hubs as illustrated

or split clamped hubs shown below.
3. When ordering replacement parts, refer to page 9.

Ou t b o ar d B ear i n g Cap
Ou t b o ar d B ear i n g Ho u s i n g
Th r u s t Was h er (w h er e ap p l i c ab l e)
Ou t b o ar d B ear i n g (s )
Ou t b o ar d B ear i n g B r ac k et
Ho u s i n g L o c k i n g B o l t an d Nu t
En d Head Pac k i n g (w h er e
ap p l i c ab l e)
En d Head Pac k i n g Pl at e
B r ac k et B o l t s
En d Head Gas k et
Ho u s i n g
Sh af t an d K ey s
Im p el l er A s s em b l y L o c k Nu t s (2)
an d Was h er (1)
Sh af t Sl eev es (Tw o ; o n e k ey ed )
In t er s t ag e Def l ec t o r Pac k i n g

No m en c l at u r e
Drive end motor bearing
Flexible coupling
Rope packing
Thrust washer
Outboard bearing(s)
End head packing
End head gasket
Interstage deflector packing
Impellers
Division head packing
Inboard bearing
Opposite drive end motor bearing
Metallic packing (if equipped with packing box, see page 7)

25A
26
27
28
29
31
32
32A
33
34
35
36
37

Cen t er Def l ec t o r Pl at es
Hal f Def l ec t o r
Sp ac er s
Feet
Im p el l er s (A , B , C, et c .)
Heat Fan
Di v i s i o n Head Pac k i n g
Di v i s i o n Head Pac k i n g Pl at e
In b o ar d B ear i n g B r ac k et
In b o ar d B ear i n g
In b o ar d Sh af t L o c k i n g Nu t an d
Was h er
Co m m o n B as e
Op p o s i t e Dr i v e En d Mo t o r
B ear i n g

*No t av ai l ab l e as a s ep ar at e i t em

Alternate internal construction of a four bearing

outboard blower with split clamped hubs.

Di s as s em b l y an d Reas s em b l y
In s t r u c t i o n s , 4B OB

WA RNING: DISCONNECT A ND L OCK OUT EL ECTRICA L

POWER BEFORE PERFORMING MA INTENANCE.

CAUTION: Part s m u s t b e r eas s em b led i n ex act l y t he s am e

r el at i v e p o s i t i o n s . Th er ef o r e, i t i s r eco m m en d ed t h at eac h
p ar t b e m ar k ed as i t i s r em o v ed f r o m t h e m ac h i n e t o f ac i l i t at e l at er r eas s em b l y. i t i s es p ec i al l y i m p o r t an t t h at t h e
l o c at i o n o f eac h i m p el l er, as w el l as i t s p o s i t i o n o n t h e
s h af t , b e m ar k ed .

When ordering replacement impellers and deflectors, refer to

Notes on accompanying illustrations.

CA UTION: Mo s t f o u r -b ear i n g o u t b o ar d m ac h i n es h av e a
du pl ex (tand em) b ear in g ass emb ly. These bear ing s are av ai lab le o nly f ro m Spenc er as a cus to m-m at ched set of tw o: o ne
b ear i n g f o r t h r u s t an d o n e b ear i n g f o r r ad i al l o ad . Th es e
bear ing s are n ot i nt erc hangeab le w it h co mm erc ially av ail ab le
b ear i ng s c ar r y in g t he sam e p ar t n um b er; t h ey can o nl y b e
us ed In mat ch ed sets as f u rn is h ed by Th e Spenc er Tu rb in e
Com pan y. Fo r b est resu l ts , f ol lo w in str uc tio ns en cl osed wi th
each matc hed s et of bear ing s.
Dis as s em bl y & Reas sem bl y
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Remove packing plate nuts from packing plate (32 and 20)
on each end of machine. Slide both packing plates and
packing (32 and 20) on shaft away from heads. Remove all
packing from packing box when applicable (38 & 39).
Remove snap ring and back off coupling sleeve. Check gap
between coupling hubs. See coupling manufacturers
instructions for other than Sier Bath.

Measure distance B from outboard bearing bracket (19) to

outboard bearing cap (17). Remove bolts in thrust assembly
housing cap.
Remove lock nut (15) and washer from end of shaft, and
loosen bolt (19A) binding housing in bracket.
Remove bracket bolts (21). Using puller, remove complete
thrust assembly and bearings.

Remove bolts on end head, holding flat ring and end head to
housing. (Use a chain hoist if available to hold head while
removing bolts). After removal of end head, keep shaft
supported while removing internal parts.

Remove intake spiral (13) after marking position to insure

correct reassembly. See note (A).
Remove rope packing (10) and half deflector (26).

On other than keyed construction, measure distance from

impeller hub to any step or shoulder on shaft and mark for
reassembly. On stacked and keyed construction, remove
nuts and washers (24A) and shaft sleeves (24B). Remove
impeller (29) and its hub spacer, number or mark them for
replacement in their proper position. See note (B) following
paragraphs.

10. Check axial position of each deflector at 4 radial points with

reference to end of housing and record.
11. Remove spacer (27) holding rope packing in place. Number
or mark for replacement.

12. Remove rope packing holding deflector in place. Then pull

or work deflector (11) out of housing. Number or mark for
replacement.

13. Proceed to remove the remaining stages in the same way,

numbering or marking all impellers, spacers, deflectors, etc.,
to insure proper replacement.
14. Check deflector stops for damage.

15. Reassemble in reverse order, replacing end head gasket

(22) and any worn packing (32, 10, 25, 20).
To Ch ang e t he In bo ar d B ear in g (Mo to r End o f t he Mach i ne)

1.

Remove snap ring and back off coupling sleeve.

2.

Check gap on coupling hubs.

4.

Remove coupling hub from machine shaft.

3.
5.
6.
7.

8.
9.

Loosen and remove motor bolts, and slide motor back.

Remove packing plate nuts from packing plate (32 and 20)
on each end of machine. Slide both the packing plates and
packing (32 and 20) on the shaft away from the heads.
Remove all packing from packing box where applicable.

Remove bolts on both caps (8 and 8A) on three-arm bearing

bracket (33).
Slide front cap off shaft, and push back cap away from bracket.

Remove bolts holding inboard bracket in position while

supporting end of shaft.
Slide inboard bracket off bearing.

10. Remove locknut, washers, and bearing.

11. Replace bearing and parts in their proper order.

Realign coupling and check the hub before and after bolting
motor in place (Refer to page 5).
Not es :

(A) Upon reassembly, with all internal parts installed, the intake
spiral edge should project slightly beyond end of housing so that
end head will hold all stationary parts in position.

(B) On stacked and keyed impeller construction, the first nut

installed is tightened with a spanner wrench, then loosened one
full turn to allow for impeller hub expansion. The second nut is
brought up to the first nut with the lockwasher in between. Lock
nut in position with washer tabs.
B al an c in g

Each machine is fully tested before leaving the Spencer factory

to be sure vibration, if any, is within specifications for the particular machine. However, rough handling during shipment or
improper disassembly and reassembly of a machine can upset
its balance and result in excess vibrations.

When a machine is being disassembled for repairs, mark the

parts as they are removed. There should be no vibration when
they are reassembled in the same order.

However, if impellers are being replaced or there is any vibration

due to an unbalanced condition after assembly, use the following
procedure:
If there is any vibration or unbalance, the coupling should be
checked first for misalignment. If realignment does not correct the
imbalance, rotate coupling hubs or machine shaft and motor
shaft in 90 increments until minimal vibration is obtained.

NOTE: In the event of problems following repair procedures,

contact the Spencer Service Department or your Spencer
Representative, describing the nature of the difficulty. Also
furnish the machine serial number.

15

IX. Tr o u b l es h o o t i n g Gu i d e

PROB L EM

INSUFFICIENT
A IR OR GA S
THROUGH
SYSTEM

P o s s i b l e C au s e

Co r r ec t i v e A c t i o n

Incorrect rotation.

Change motor leads to correct rotation.

Machine reassembled incorrectly in field.

Disassemble machine and reassemble correctly.

Inlet, discharge or piping system

partially blocked.

Remove obstructions, clean filter.

Machine not running at design speed.

Refer to motor manufacturers instructions; check motor

speed; check voltage connections.

In d i cat i o n : l o w p r es s u r e/vac u u m as d et er m i n ed b y g au g e m eas u r em en t o r p r o c ess

Air or gas lines too small, causing

excessive friction loss.

Valves in line not fully open or check

valve improperly installed.

High inlet temperature.

Low inlet pressure.

Low gas density or specific gravity.

Machine air passages clogged.

Impellers damaged by explosion,

abrasion or vibration.

Inlet spiral has rotated, partially blocking

inlet (4BOB only).
Pressure or vacuum gauge inaccurate.

Increase line sizes or install machine with higher output

pressure.
Open valves or inspect check valve.

Position inlet in a cooler area.

Check inlet for obstructions or install machine with higher

discharge pressure.
Check gas analysis and increase density or install
machine designed for prevailing conditions.
Disassemble, clean and inspect all parts.
Replace impellers.

Rotate spiral to correct position and pin or clamp in

position.

Calibrate gauge; always use a U tube manometer for

checking pressure and/or vacuum.

In d i cat i o n : m ach i n e d es i g n c ap ac i t y t o o sm al l f o r t h e s y s t em

System requirements incorrectly calculated

by customer.

System leaks or too many openings.

In d i cat i o n : m eas u r i n g g as o r ai r f l o w i n c o r r ec t l y

Flowmeters calibrated incorrectly.

MA CHINE
NOISY

No means of measurement available.

Locate and repair leaks; reduce number of openings.

Calibrate flowmeters; use proper orifice for meter (check

with flowmeter manufacturer).
Obtain and install flowmeter.

I n d i c at i o n : m ac h i n e m al f u n c t i o n b ear i n g w h i n i n g o r g r o w l i n g

Too much grease, bearings hot.

Too little grease, bearings dry.

Bearing failure.

Bearing retainers worn.

Remove excess grease. Check bearing temperature;

refer to lubrication instructions in this manual.
Grease according to instructions.
Replace bearing(s).
Replace bearing(s).

Bearing turning on shaft, retaining nut loose.

Tighten nut, check for damage.

Bearing(s) overloadedtoo much thrust

due to high density air or gas.

Replace bearing(s); reduce thrust by lowering air or gas

density; install smaller impellers or install machine
designed for application conditions.

Bearing turning in housing, housing worn.

Bearing replaced incorrectly, particularly in

tandem assembly (e.g., angled, cramped
or reversed).

16

Install larger volume or lower pressure machine to handle

system requirements.

Replace housing and bearing.

Follow installation instructions carefully; check bearing,

shaft and housing dimensions.

IX. Tr o u b l es h o o t i n g Gu i d e (cont.)

PROB L EM
MA CHINE
NOISY

P o s s i b l e C au s e

Co r r ec t i v e A c t i o n

Impellers and/or deflectors worn due to age

Correct abrasive conditions if present; replace impellers

or abrasion from dirty air or gas.and/or deflectors.

I n d i c at i o n : m ac h i n e m al f u n c t i o n i n t er n al n o i s e

Impeller(s) hitting after customer reassembly

and/or impeller(s) slipping shaft due to heat
or excessive inlet pressure.

Reassemble according to instructions, tighten impellers.

Bleed air at low flow to reduce heat. Change inlet
conditions if necessary.

Machine running rough, out of balance.

Rebalance and/or clean machine (see next topic

Machine Vibrating).

Machine in surge (see page 8).

Keyed hubs rattling on startup.

Deflector packings rubbing on shaft or

impeller hub (will seat themselves if new).
Motor not aligned in housing (SOH)
causing impeller to hit.

Coupling misaligned and/or out of grease

(4BOH & 4BOB).

Foreign material in machine.

I n d i c at i o n : m o t o r m al f u n c t i o n

Abnormal hum or whine.

Low voltage, motor not up to speed.

Normal condition (loose when cold, tight at operating

temperature).

Ignore if audible only when machine is turned by hand. If

otherwise audible, replace packings.
Reassemble and carefully align shaft and motor.

Check alignment; check coupling for wear and replace if

necessary; relubricate according to instructions.
Disassemble machine, inspect and clean. Reassemble
and consider installing filter to prevent clogging.

Check motor manufacturers instructions; check voltage

supply and connections.
Correct improper voltage.

High voltage (causes noise and burnout).

Correct improper voltage.

Low frequency.

Correct improper frequency.

Bearing noise.

Loose part in motor.

MA CHINE
VIB RATING

Increase airflow.

I n d i c at i o n : m ec h an i c al f au l t

See previous instructions for blower bearings.

Tighten, repair or replace (check motor manufacturer).

Material buildup on impellers.

Clean impellers, install inlet filter to prevent further buildup.

Unbalanced replacement motor installed.

Balance motor.

Coupling misaligned (4BOH & 4BOB).

Align coupling.

Shaft bent.

Bearing failure.

Impeller failure.

Motor not aligned in housing (SOH & 4BOH),

impeller rubbing.
Inlet and/or discharge piping connected
to machine without flexible connector,
causing torque or stress on housing.

Consult Spencer Service Department.

Replace bearing(s).

Replace impeller(s).

Align motor, realign shaft.

Install flexible connectors at inlet and discharge.

Machine bolted down, causing

misalignment.

Remove bolts, use dowel pins or set in guide channels.

Incorrect motor voltage, causing assembly

to operate at improper speed.

Check voltage and wiring connections, correct voltage.

Bearing(s) cramped due to improper fit.

Piping not adequately supported.

Check bearings, shaft and housing, correct bearing fit.

Anchor piping properly beyond flexible connector.

17

IX. Tr o u b l es h o o t i n g Gu i d e (cont.)

PROB L EM

MA CHINE
VIB RATING

P o s s i b l e C au s e

Co r r ec t i v e A c t i o n

Packing box(es) too tight, too loose, wrong

packing, packing dried or worn out, out of
alignment.

Adjust, relubricate or replace packing; align box(es).

Solids or liquids passing through machine.

Disassemble, inspect and clean machine; install inlet

filter to prevent further contamination.

I n d i c at i o n : m ec h an i c al f au l t ( c o n t . )

Mechanical seals misaligned, broken or

worn out.

Realign or replace seals or parts.

Soft foot on motor or blower.

See page 5.

Machine in surge (see page 8).

Stacked impeller hub nuts too tight.

Tighten belts to proper tension.

Machine not on solid foundation.

Reinforce foundation.

Change engine speed to remove pulsation.

(Ch ec k w i t h s u r f ac e t h er m o m et er ; c o n s u l t Sp en c er Ser v i c e Dep ar t m en t f o r as s i s t an c e)

Ambient temperature too high for insulation class.

Cool motor or replace with motor having proper insulation.

Electrical short-circuit insulation failure.

Repair or replace motor.

Incorrect voltage.
Incorrect cycle.

Motor overloaded, too much air

passing through blower.

Unbalanced voltage supply (gas boosters

only).

18

Loosen hub nuts 1/2 turn.

Belts on belt drive machine loose, slapping.

Harmonic pulsation from gasoline
engine driver.
MOTOR HOT

Increase airflow.

Change to correct voltage.

Change to correct cycle.

Check for system leaks, throttle back butterfly valve,

install larger motor.

Check power company for correction.

Cu s t o m er Mai n t en an c e L o g
DATE

PROCEDURE

COMMENTS

INITIALS

19

Spencer Corporate Headquarters and Manufacturing Plant, Windsor, CT USA

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