Repairing Concrete

Repairing Concrete
Solutions to Re-establish
Structural Integrity
Repairing Concrete
Solutions to Re-establish Structural Integrity
Repairing Concrete
Master Builders Solutions

from BASF
Building on partnership. Our Master Builders Solutions experts
find innovative and sustainable solutions to meet your specific
construction needs. Our global experience and network help you
to be successful today and tomorrow.
Master Builders Solutions

The Master Builders Solutions brand brings
all of BASFs expertise together to create
chemical solutions for new construction,
maintenance, repair and renovation of
structures. Master Builders Solutions is built
on the experience gained from more than
a century in the construction industry.
The know-how and experience of a global
community of BASF construction experts
form the core of Master Builders Solutions.
We combine the right elements from our
portfolio to solve your specific construction
challenges. We collaborate across areas of
expertise and regions and draw on the
experience gained from countless construction
projects worldwide. We leverage global BASF
technologies, as well as our in-depth knowledge
of local building needs, to develop innovations
that help make you more successful and drive
sustainable construction.
Contents
03 _ Master Builders Solutions from BASF
04 _ Repair and protection systems
06 _ Overview repair and protection of concrete
08 _ EN 1504
14 _ Concrete repair mortars
22 _ Crack injections
24 _ Anchoring
25 _ Reinforcement corrosion protection
26 _ Concrete protection
28 _ EN 1504 examples in use
The comprehensive portfolio under the Master

Builders Solutions brand encompasses concrete
admixtures, cement additives, chemical solutions
for underground construction, waterproofing
solutions, sealants, concrete repair and
protection solutions, performance grouts,
performance flooring solutions.
Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
Repair and Protection Systems

from Master Builders Solutions
Competence profile of
repair and protection systems
As a full-range supplier of repair and protection
products, we offer customized solutions for
your structure. We do not, however, only look
at the visible damage, but also provide support
for the evaluation of the causes of your structural
damage. As a result, we are able to offer you
an integrated solution, providing a specifically
designed product combination based on
the needs of your individual structure. The
comprehensive technical construction knowledge of our sales representatives will ensure
that you receive the best solutions for your
construction requirements.
For owners, planners and architects we provide
information and guidance on the advantages and
benefits of the system solutions worked out by
our experts.
Specialist applicators and contractors receive
guidance and support concerning the application
of the chosen system solution. Our development
experts have placed special emphasis on making
all products user friendly and easy to work
with. With in-house training and support on
construction sites, we can achieve the ambitious
target of the safe and high quality application of
our products.
We offer you a range of products for the repair
and protection of concrete structures, including
crack injection, chemical anchoring, reinforcement
corrosion protection, structural repair mortars,
trafficable repair mortars and repair mortars
for cosmetic repair and reprofiling, as well as
concrete protection to achieve the refurbishment.
All products are certified by independent testing
institutes in compliance with national and/or
international standard requirements. Our
production sites are externally controlled in
compliance with DIN ISO 9001.
As an applicator or owner, you will benefit
from our safe and durable solutions specially
designed for your construction needs.
With our system solutions, we help you to extend

the service life of your construction and, lastly,
make a significant contribution to sustainability.
Life cycle extension

Today, if you are the owner or architect, the wide
range of products available to specify for your
construction presents a great challenge:
Construction products
All construction material suppliers offer similar
products. But are the properties really
comparable? Many of our products for protection
and concrete repair are certified in compliance
with EN 1504, and many decision makers choose
their construction materials based on this
standard. Therefore, it is well worth taking a closer
look at this standard: mandatory and voluntary
test methods do exist for testing products. Our
MasterProtect products for protecting concrete,
in particular, are tested over and above the
mandatory testing methods, providing significantly
better and more durable protection for concrete
structures based on superior product properties.
The properties of most of our repair mortars are
far in excess of EN 1504s requirements very
high compressive strengths, weather and freezethaw resistance allow continuous use of those
mortars even in highly frequented traffic areas.
System solutions
Choosing the most suitable solution for
refurbishment can have a big impact on the
life cycle of a concrete structure. While many
owners decide to use high quality concrete repair
materials, they do not consider that there is more
to do after the concrete repair is finished. Despite
repairing a concrete structure with concrete repair
mortars, further damages may occur some years
later, because only the damaged concrete has
been replaced but insufficient concrete cover
still remains. By using concrete protection after
the concrete repair has been completed, the
entire structure can be protected for longer and
repair cycles can be prolonged significantly.
Torres Blancas, Alicante (Spain):

Protection with Corrosion Inhibitor MasterProtect 8000 CI against chloride ingress
Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
Overview
Repair and Protection of Concrete
Concrete repair strategies
Proper maintenance of a concrete structure is
essential in order to guarantee the designed
lifetime, since there can be many causes of
concrete deterioration. Therefore, concrete
repair is a specialist activity requiring fully
trained and competent personnel at all stages
of the process. Unsatisfactory understanding
and diagnosis of concrete deterioration,
incorrect repair specifications and choice of
repair products/techniques, and short-term
patch and paint strategies, have inevitably
led to dissatisfaction from structure owners.
25% of the structure owners

are unhappy with the performance
of the repair and protection
materials within 5 years after
the rehabilitation; 75% are
dissatisfied within 10 years!
A large-scale independent and anonymous

research project clearly showed
this level of dissatisfaction.
EN 1504 has standardized repair activities and

provides an improved framework for achieving
successful, durable repairs and satisfied clients.
CONREPNET, November 2004
EN 1504 scope of the norm

European Standard EN 1504 is entitled:
products and Systems for the Protection and
Repair of Concrete Structures Definitions,
Requirements, Quality Control and Evaluation of
Conformity. For the first time in the industry, EN
1504 deals with all aspects of the repair and/or
protection process, including:
definitions and repair principles

the need for accurate diagnosis of
deterioration causes before specification
of the repair method

detailed understanding of the needs
of the client

product performance requirements and
test methods

factory production control and evaluation
of conformity, including CE marking

site application methods and quality control
of the works
When followed, this complex but comprehensive
document should ensure good quality repair
and protection work on the jobsite, which will
result in the increased satisfaction of building
owners.
Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
EN 1504
European standard EN 1504 consists of 10

parts, each covered by a separate document.
This provides a resource which helps specifying
engineers and contractors as well as material
manufacturing companies.
As a structure owner, it will give you an increased

level of confidence as, for the first time, all
issues of concrete repair and protection are
addressed by a single integrated European
standard.
Document No.
Description
EN 1504 1
Describes terms and definitions within the standard.
EN 1504 2
Provides specifications for surface protection products/systems for concrete.
EN 1504 3
Provides specifications for structural and non-structural repair.
EN 1504 4
Provides specifications for structural bonding.
EN 1504 5
Provides specifications for concrete injection.
EN 1504 6
Provides specifications for anchoring of reinforcing bars.
EN 1504 7
Provides specifications for reinforcement corrosion protection.
EN 1504 8
Describes the quality control and evaluation of conformity for manufacturing companies.
EN 1504 9
Defines the general principles for the use of products and systems, for the repair and protection of concrete.
EN 1504 10
Provides information on site application of products and quality control of the works.
Common causes of defects
Basic considerations for repairing concrete
The nature and causes of defects, including

combinations of causes, shall be identified and
recorded. Many defects result from inadequate
design, specification, execution and materials.
Common causes of defects are shown below:
Part 9 of European Standard EN 1504 specifies

the basic principles which shall be used,
separately or in combination, where it is
necessary to protect or repair concrete
structures, above or below ground or water.
Successful repair of a structure starts with a
correct condition assessment and identification
of the cause of degradation.
Degradation due
to Reinforcement
Corrosion
Concrete Degradation
Mechanical
Chemical
impact
overload

movement
(e.g. settlement)
explosion
vibration

alkali-aggregate
reaction

agressive agents
(e.g. sulphates,
soft water, salts)

biological
activities
Physical
freeze/thaw
thermal

salt
crystallization
shrinkage
erosion
wear
Carbonation
Chloride Attack
de-icing salts

other
contaminants
Stray Currents
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Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
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EN 1504
General principles for use of products and systems

Concrete degradation
Principle N
Principle definition
Products
1.1 Impregnation
MasterSeal impregnations
1.2 S
urface coating with and
without crack-bridging ability
MasterProtect protective coatings

MasterSeal waterproofing
1.3 Locally bandaged cracks
MasterSeal waterproofing tapes
1.4 Filling cracks
MasterInject injection resins
1.5 Transferring cracks into joints
MasterSeal elastic joint sealants
1.6 Erecting external panels
not applicable
1.7 Applying membranes
membranes
2.1 Hydrophobic impregnation
MasterProtect water repellents
2.2 Surface coating
MasterProtect protective coatings

2.3 Sheltering or overcladding
not applicable
2.4 Electrochemical treatment
not applicable
Concrete restoration
3.1 Applying mortar by hand
MasterEmaco repair mortars

Restoring the original concrete of an
element of the structure to the originally
specified shape and function.

Restoring the concrete structure by replacing
part of it.
3.2 Recasting with concrete
MasterEmaco pourable repair

mortars
3.3 Spraying concrete or mortar
MasterEmaco sprayable repair

mortars
3.4 Replacing elements
not applicable
Protection against ingress
Principle 1 [PI]
Methods based on principle
Reducing or preventing the

ingress of adverse agents, e.g.
water, other liquids, vapour, gas
chemicals and biological agents.
Moisture control
Principle 2 [MC]
Principle 3 [CR]
Adjusting and maintaining the

moisture content in the concrete
within specified range of values.
4.1 A
dding or replacing embedded or external
MasterFlow precision grouts
reinforcing steel bars
4.2 Installing

bonded rebars in preformed
or drilled holes in the concrete
MasterFlow anchoring grouts
4.3 Plate bonding
MasterBrace adhesives
4.4 Adding mortar or concrete
Principle 1, method 1.2

MasterProtect and
MasterSeal protective
coatings, based on
cement, acrylics or
reactive resins, protect
against all kinds of
ingress.

MasterInject: crack
Injection force
transmitting, flexible,
foaming PU and acrylic
based hydrogels.

Humidity or moisture in the
concrete can be controlled
with MasterProtect and
MasterSeal protective
coatings: acrylic,
cementitious and resinbased rigid or flexible.

MasterProtect
hydrophobic treatment,
silane-based emulsion,
can be applied in many
different situations or
conditions.

MasterEmaco
hand-applied repair
mortars.

MasterEmaco pourable
grade for recasting of
elements.

MasterFlow anchoring
grouts for perfect load
transfer between the
anchor and the concrete.

MasterTop coatings:
abrasion resistant
and much more.
Structural strengthening
Principle 4 [SS]
Increasing or restoring the structural

load bearing capacity of an element
of the concrete structure.
4.5 Injecting cracks, voids or interstices

4.6 Filling cracks, voids or interstices
Physical resistance
Principle 5 [PR]
Increasing resistance to physical or

mechanical attack.
Resistance to chemicals
Principle 6 [RC]
4.7 Prestressing (post tensioning)
not applicable
5.1 Overlays or coatings

and fairing coats
MasterTop flooring systems
5.2 Impregnation
not applicable
6.1 Overlays and coatings
MasterProtect chemical-resistant
coatings
MasterSeal chemical-resistant
waterproofing
Ucrete chemical-resistant flooring
6.2 Impregnation
not applicable
Increasing resistance of the concrete

surface to deterioration by chemical attack.
Note: for more detailed information, consult the official EN 1504-9 document.
MasterInject injection resins
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Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
13
EN 1504
General principles for use of

products and systems
Reinforcement corrosion
In addition to these principles, the concrete itself shall be
repaired where necessary according to principles 1 to 6.
Principle N
Principle definition
Preserving or restoring passivity
Principle 7 [RP]
Creating chemical conditions in which

the surface of the reinforcement is
maintained in or is returned to a
passive condition.
Methods based on principle
Products
7.1 Increasing

cover to reinforcement with
additional cementitious mortar or
concrete
7.2 Replacing contaminated or carbonated

concrete
7.3 E
lectrochemical re-alkalisation of
carbonated concrete
not applicable
7.4 R
e-alkalisation of carbonated concrete
by diffusion
membranes
7.5 Electrochemical chloride extraction
not applicable
8.1 L
imiting moisture content by surface
treatments, coatings or sheltering
MasterProtect water repellents and

coatings
Increasing resistivity
Principle 8 [IR]
Increasing the electrical resistivity

of the concrete.
Cathodic control
9.1 L
imiting oxygen content (at the cathode)
by saturation or surface coating
MasterProtect corrosion inhibitors
Cathodic protection
10.1 Applying electrical potential
MasterProtect cathodic protection

systems
Control of anodic areas
11.1 P
ainting reinforcement with coatings
containing active pigments
MasterEmaco active primers
11.2 P
ainting reinforcement with barrier
coatings
MasterEmaco barrier primers
11.3 Applying inhibitors to the concrete
MasterProtect corrosion inhibitors
Principle 9 [CC]
Creating conditions in which potentially

cathodic areas of reinforcement are unable
to drive an anodic reaction.
Principle 10 [CP]
Principle 11 [CA]
Creating conditions in which potentially

anodic reactions of reinforcement are
unable to take part in the corrosion reaction.
Note: for more detailed information, consult the official EN 1504-9 document.

Increasing reinforcement
cover with spray-applied
MasterEmaco.

MasterProtect coatings
applied directly on to the
concrete to protect the
underlying reinforcement.

MasterEmaco used
to replace chloridecontaminated concrete.

MasterSeal coatings
limit the moisture content
within the concrete.

Hydrophobic treatment
using MasterProtect.

Corrosion at the cathodic
areas of the reinforcement
is inhibited by the use of
MasterProtect corrosion
inhibitors.

MasterProtect CP
coatings protect
reinforced concrete
without significant
additional dead load.

Active corrosion protection
of the reinforcement with
MasterEmaco active
primers.
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Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
Concrete
Repair Mortars
Concrete replacement mortars:
EN 1504, part 3
Mortar classification according to

EN 1504, part 3
One of the most important principles within

part 9 of EN 1504 is Principle 3: the restoration
of damaged concrete with formulated repair
mortars. The MasterEmaco brand of pre-bagged
concrete repair mortars has consistently been
at the forefront of the search to provide costeffective, long-term solutions to this problem.
The European standard defines 4 classes of

repair mortar: R4, R3, R2 and R1. These are
then divided between structural and nonstructural repairs, i.e. those applications where
load transfer has to be considered in the design
of the repair specification, or alternatively for
cosmetic works. Furthermore, the standard
classifies the repair products for each type of
application, ensuring that the repair mortar is
adapted to the quality of the parent concrete.
The current choice of products depends on
ease, type and field of application. The Master
Builders Solutions experts offer a broad range
of repair mortars, customized for structural and
non-structural repair for trafficable, vertical and
overhead application.
The MasterEmaco range represents best-inclass concrete repair mortars with exceptional
properties:
improved bond strengths
improved densities and impermeability
reduced shrinkage

improved tensile strengths and reduced
cracking tendency
improved compatibility with concrete
improved thixotropy
easier and quicker application and finishing
reduced application problems
increased durability
MasterEmaco S Structural repair
MasterEmaco N Non-structural repair
MasterEmaco T Repair of trafficable areas
3
1
1
2
3
1
2
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Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
Concrete
Repair Mortars
MasterEmaco S
Structural repair
One of the greatest challenges facing the
successful performance and durability of a
repair mortar is its dimensional compatibility
with the exisiting concrete. Repair mortar acts
as replacement concrete in the structure and
load is transferred onto and supported by the
repair during service conditions to restore
structural function. To fulfil dimensional
compatibility, repair mortars under the Master
Builders Solutions brand from BASF match,
as closely as possible, the properties of the
existing concrete. With reduced shrinkage and
improved tensile strength, cracking tendency is
reduced to a minimum. A long-term, crack-free
repair area does not provide a pathway for
carbonation, moisture and chlorides into the
concrete to protect against further corrosion
of the embedded steel.
To match the properties of the existing concrete,

our Master Builders Solutions experts offer
a tailor-made repair mortar range. In addition,
these repair mortars are designed to offer
excellent application properties. Whatever your
application demands, we can provide easy-toapply mortars for hand application on vertical
and overhead areas, systems for spray
application, and flowable mortars for pourable
applications.
Typically, our repair mortars, require no special
primers or bonding slurries. For critical
substrates, the mortars themselves can be
used as a bonding slurry by mixing them with
slightly more water.
Thixotropic mortars
Flowable mortar
MasterEmaco S 5300
(formerly Emaco Nancocrete R3)
Cement-based, single-component, lightweight,
polymer-modified, high-build structural repair
mortar, which meets the requirements of
European Norm EN 1504-3 class R3 and is
particularly suitable for vertical and overhead
work. Application thickness: 5 to 75 mm. This
mortar is typically hand-applied but can also
be spray-applied in large area applications.
MasterEmaco S 5450 PG
(formerly Emaco Nanocrete R4 fluid)
Cement-based, single-component, highstrength, shrinkage-compensated structural
repair mortar, which meets the requirements of
European Norm EN 1504 part 3, class R4 and
forms a mortar with a fluid or pourable
consistency, which can be easily machine or
hand applied up to 200 mm in a single layer.
MasterEmaco S 5400
(formerly Emaco Nanocrete R4)
Cement-based, single-component, extra
high-strength, high-modulus, shrinkagecompensated structural repair mortar, which
meets the requirements of European Norm EN
1504-3 class R4, which can easily be spray or
trowel applied. Application thickness is 5 to
50 mm.
Fast-setting mortar
MasterEmaco S 544 RS
(formerly Thoro Structurite R4)
Cement-based, single-component, polymermodified, high-strength, shrinkagecompensated, fast-setting thixotropic mortar,
which meets the requirements of the European
Norm EN 1504 part 3, class R4. Due to its fastsetting properties, this product is the perfect
choice where rapid repairs are needed in order
to reduce the downtime of structures.
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Repairing Concrete
Concrete
Repair Mortars
MasterEmaco N
Reprofiling, cosmetic repair
These repair mortars are used to improve the
appearance of the structure, e.g. patching of
spalled concrete, repair of minor damage
during new construction or on precast panels
during transport or storage. Fairing coats are
used for finishing repaired areas, to level uneven
surfaces and fill honeycombs and pin holes to
give a smooth and uniform appearance to the
surface. A smooth surface is ideal for applying
a protective coating on top of it.
Reprofiling mortar
MasterEmaco N 5200
(formerly Emaco Nanocrete R2)
Cement-based, single-component, polymermodified, lightweight, fast-setting, universal
repair, reprofiling and levelling mortar, which is
ideal for general, non-structural repairs where
fast setting properties with short over-coating
times are needed. It exhibits excellent high
built properties allowing up to 100 mm
thickness in one layer.
Fairing coat
MasterEmaco N 5100 FC
(formerly Emaco Nanocrete FC)
Cement-based, single-component, polymermodified, fast-setting levelling mortar and
blowhole filler, which is ideal for fine finishing
and levelling repairs on large vertical and
overhead areas, where fast setting properties
with short over-coating times are needed.
Repairing Concrete
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Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
Concrete
Repair Mortars
MasterEmaco T
Repair of trafficable areas
Traffic congestion and delays not only have a
negative impact on general productivity, but
also cost European contractors billions of euros
each year by wasting time, fuel and money
stuck in traffic. Researchers say that the
authorities roadworks are responsible for a
significant proportion (e.g. 16% in London in
2005) of the total amount of congestion on
European roads. In addition to considerable
financial losses, a significant risk of accident
is created by congestion impacting driving
comfort through lane and road closure.
Therefore, road authorities across Europe have
targeted the reduction of congestion due to
road works by speeding up the repair and
maintenance process.
MasterEmaco T products under the Master
Builders Solutions brand from BASF are rapid
curing products, which allow traffic and
production facilities to return to service more
quickly. Construction work on airport runways
in particular requires very brief delays to air
traffic. With our MasterEmaco products, work
can be carried out at night for reopening to
traffic on the next day. Even in sub-zero
temperatures, almost all products are suitable
to work with and even cure more quickly at
these temperatures. The MasterEmaco T 1000

series already achieves an impressively high
compressive strength of above 50 MPa at
temperatures of 5C after 24 hours (gauging
water and powder temperature at 20C).
Prolong the construction season by being able
to apply our products even at sub-zero
temperatures: urgent construction repair can be
carried out and does not have to be delayed for
weeks or months during the cold season.
Our repair mortars reinstate the functionality
of concrete, especially when associated with
the repair of trafficked areas and street furniture
such as pothole re-setting, joint repair or
installation of manhole covers.
Traffic repair mortars
Advanced polymer systems
MasterEmaco T 1100 TIX

(formerly Emaco Fast Tixo)
Cement-based, single-component, fast-setting
and hardening thixotropic repair and bedding
mortar, which has rapid strength build-up even
at sub-zero temperatures, improved durability
and unmatched low drying shrinkage.
MasterEmaco T 2800 PG
(formerly Masterflow APS T 2800)
Polymer-based, three-component, fast-setting
and hardening pourable repair mortar, which
has rapid strength build-up down to 25C and
offers excellent impact, abrasion and scratch
resistance as well as an excellent resistance to
many chemicals.
MasterEmaco T 1200 PG
(formerly Emaco Fast Fluid)
Cement-based, single-component, fast-setting
and hardening pourable repair and bedding
mortar, which has rapid strength build-up even
at sub-zero temperatures, improved durability
and unmatched low drying shrinkage.
MasterEmaco T 1400 FR
(formerly Emaco Fast Fibre)
Cement-based, single-component, steel-fibre
reinforced, fast-setting and hardening pourable
repair and road/joint nosing mortar, which
has rapid strength build-up even at sub-zero
temperatures, improved durability and
unmatched low drying shrinkage.
MasterEmaco T 2040
(formerly Emaco APS T 2040)
Polymer-based, three-component, fast-setting
and hardening thixotropic repair mortar, which
has rapid strength build-up down to 25C and
offers excellent impact, abrasion and scratch
resistance as well as an excellent resistance to
many chemicals.
Magnesia-phosphate cement mortar

MasterEmaco T 545
Magnesia-phosphate based repair mortar for
rapid horizontal repair. It gives controlled,
extremely high early strengths in temperatures
ranging from 20C up to 30C.
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Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
Crack
Injections
Injection products are used to fill the cracks and
voids in concrete elements to repair and protect
the structure. Part 5 of EN 1504 specifies the
requirements of injection products used for:
MasterInject
Ductile Filling (D)
Swelling Fitted Filling (S)

Ductile filling (D) of cracks, voids and
interstices in concrete

Force transmitting filling (F) of cracks, voids
and interstices in concrete (i.e. situations
with structural load transfer)

Swelling fitted filling (S) of cracks, voids and
interstices in concrete
MasterInject 1330
(formerly Concresive 1330/1336)
PU-based, two-component, flexible and low
viscosity injection resin, which hardens both in
dry and moist conditions into a watertight and
flexible product.
MasterInject 1325
(formerly Concresive 1325)
PU-based, two-component, fast expanding
(foaming) injection resin, which stops rush
of water in water-bearing cracks.
A range of products is available to meet the

needs of both wet and dry, structural and nonstructural conditions. Viscosity of the injection
resin has to be low enough to ensure effective
penetration through the cracks width and
depth.
F injection with epoxy based products is
used for structural requirements in existing civil
designs to strengthen the concrete structure
by force transmitting filling. It restores the
structural integrity of the cracked elements,
such as columns, beams and slabs, and
provides continuous load transfer through
the filled crack line.
D injection with polyurethane-based products
is used where non-structural flexible sealing of
cracks is required.
S injection with polyurethane and acrylicbased products is used to seal water bearing
cracks even under hydrostatic pressure.Where
there is high water outflow from the cracks,
S injection is used to stop the water as a first
attempt. After the pre-injection is cured and
therefore the high water outflow is stopped,
a final D or F injection with polyurethane or
epoxy-based products takes place to seal the
cracks permanently.
Force Transmitting (F)

MasterInject 1360
(formerly Concresive 1360/1366)
Epoxy-based, two-component, low viscosity
injection resin, which is used for low/high
pressure injection and gravity feeding of
concrete cracks to maintain the structural
integrity of the cracked sections.
MasterInject 1380
Epoxy-based, two-component, low viscosity
fast setting injection resin, which is used for low
and high pressure injection and even for filling
wet cracks in underwater conditions.
MasterInject 1776
Acrylic-based, three-component, low viscosity
injection resin, which is used for low pressure
injection of concrete and masonry for permanent
water crack sealing and curtain injection.
MasterInject 1777
Acrylic-based, three-component, rapid curing,
low viscosity injection resin, which is used for
low pressure injection of concrete and masonry
for permanent water crack sealing with excellent
elongation properties and curtain injection.
MasterInject 1778
Water soluble low viscosity polymer dispersion,
which replaces the mixing of water and acrylic
is used to improve the flexibility, durability and
adhesion of MasterInject 1776 and MasterInject
1777.
MasterInject 1779
Acrylic-based, three-component, low viscosity
injection resin, which is used for low pressure
injection of large scale concrete and masonry
elements for permanent water crack sealing
and curtain injection.
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Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
Anchoring
Reinforcement
Corrosion Protection
MasterFlow
MasterEmaco P
Anchoring grouts
Anchoring grouts are used to anchor reinforcing
steel, which is used for structural strengthening
to ensure the continuity of reinforced concrete
structures. Anchoring grouts are also used for
embedding galvanized or stainless steel and
threaded rods into concrete or masonry for
non-structural purposes.
Non-structural fixing
Structural fixing
MasterFlow 920 AN
Methacrylate-based, two-component, thixotropic
and high performance chemical anchoring
mortar in cartridge, which is ETA approved and
specially designed for applications where
medium to high loads are to be fixed in hollow
blocks or solid material such as concrete.
MasterFlow 915 AN
Polyester-based, two-component, thixotropic,
chemical anchoring mortar in cartridge, which is
specially designed for applications where light
to medium loads are to be fixed in hollow
blocks or solid material such as concrete.
MasterFlow 935 AN
Pure epoxy-based, two-component, thixotropic,
and high performance chemical anchoring
mortar in cartridge, which is specially designed
for applications where very heavy loads under
critical conditions are to be fixed into concrete.
Reinforcement corrosion protection is an

important part of structural repair of concrete.
EN 1504-7 specifies requirements for the
identification and the performance (including
durability aspects) of products and systems for
active and barrier coatings for protection of
existing uncoated steel reinforcement and
embedded steel in concrete structures under
repair.
Active primers
Primers containing special additives, which
function as inhibitors or provide localised
cathodic protection.
MasterEmaco P 5000 AP
(formerly Emaco Nanocrete AP)
Cement based single component, active primer,
which contains active corrosion inhibiting
additives for the protection of reinforcement
steel and reinstates a high pH environment
around the reinforcement.
25
26
Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
Concrete
Protection
MasterProtect
Designing concrete according to the minimum
requirements of EN 206 might not be enough to
achieve a durable concrete in the field. The
proper placing of concrete, including installing
the required concrete cover, are the most
important key parameters, combined with the
concretes design, to achieve a durable
structure. From design to curing whenever a
small deviation regarding the specified design
and application occurs, it opens the way for
concrete degradation and deterioration. Then it
is only a question of time before accelerated
carbonisation, chemical attack and de-icing
salts will start to damage the concrete structure
and even the structure itself. In order to avoid
this kind of concrete degradation, protection
materials are used for new and refurbished
structures.
For protection, EN 1504-2 generally
differentiates between two kind of protections:
Hydrophobic impregnation
Coating
Treatment of concrete to produce a waterrepellent surface.
Treatment to produce a continuous protective

layer on the surface of concrete.
MasterProtect H 303
(formerly Masterseal 303)
Single-component, hydrophobic impregnation
based on alkylalkoxysilane emulsion for longlasting, invisible protection of concrete surfaces.
MasterProtect 330 EL
(formerly Masterseal F1131/367 Elastic)
Single-component, water-based, anticarbonation coating-based on acrylic polymers,
which provides an excellent protection of
concrete surfaces with crack bridging ability.
MasterProtect 8000CI
(formerly Protectosil CIT)
Single-component, organo-functional silanebased corrosion inhibitor, which penetrates into
concrete and inhibits the electro-chemical
corrosion process between the rebar and the
chloride ions, oxygen and moisture present in
the concrete.
MasterProtect 320
(formerly Masterseal F1120/326/368)
Single-component, water-based, anticarbonation coating based on acrylic polymers.
For more detailed information please refer

to the brochure Protecting Concrete from
Master Builders Solutions. With additional
protective coating technologies like resin based
coatings under the Master Builders Solutions
Brand from BASF, a very broad protection
portfolio is introduced in this brochure. Based
on your protection requirements you can
choose the best fit for purpose solution from
our concrete protection range.
27
28
Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
EN 1504
Examples in Use
Highway bridge
structures
Recommended investigation/diagnosis:

Visual inspection and/or hammer testing to
identify existing spalled or delaminated areas

Determination of condition of reinforcement,
especially loss of steel diameter

Half-cell potential (or other electronic
non-destructive testing method) mapping to
assess active corrosion

Concrete sampling to determine chloride
levels and depths of contamination

Determine requirements of client: budget,
life expectancy of repair, future loading
requirements, practical considerations such
as traffic management, access problems etc.
Supporting columns, beams, crash

barriers, joints and waterproof decking
Typical defects found in this situation:
High structural loading

Chloride contamination from de-icing salts
visible red rusting and large-scale spalling
Joints and decking requiring waterproofing

Large-scale surface damage of concrete
crash barriers caused by freeze-thaw action

Structural or traffic carrying capacity
inadequate
Possible repair strategies and recommended

products: Surface preparation
Delineate repair zones by saw-cutting to 5 mm

Remove damaged and/or contaminated
concrete by high power water-jetting or similar.

Clean steel in exposed areas to Sa2 (EN ISO
8501-1). Material application

Replace any steel where > 30% loss of profile
using MasterFlow resin anchors (Principle 4
of ENV 1504 part 9). Do not use resin anchors
if structure is to be CP protected

Restore passivity to steel by use of active
primer MasterEmaco P 5000 AP or high pH,
impermeable, repair mortar MasterEmaco S
5400 (Principle 7)

Structural repair columns and beams:
option 1: spray apply highstrength, highmodulus, expansive cement-based mortar
to required profile: MasterEmaco S 5400.
Option 2: in areas of heavy congested
reinforcement, or for enlarged areas, erect
watertight formwork and recast using highly
flowable, self-compacting fluid repair mortar
MasterEmaco S 5450 PG (Principle 3)

Reprofiling crash barriers: apply skim coat
repair mortar: MasterEmaco N 5200 and
S 5300 (Principle 3)

Protect and improve aesthetics with
MasterProtect protective coating
(Principle 1 & 2)

Renew deck waterproofing where necessary
with MasterSeal elastomeric deck membrane
system (Principle 1)

Renew jointing system. Repair concrete
nosings with Emaco S 540 FR or
MasterEmaco T as appropriate

Protect rest of structure by reducing corrosion
rates of the steel using spray-applied corrosion
inhibitor (MasterProtect 8000 CI)
(Principles 2 & 11). (NB: MasterProtect 8000
CI prevents the formation of ring-anodes, only
actual spalled or delaminated areas need to
be repaired)

Or apply appropriate MasterProtect 830
CP/860 CP cathodic protection for 25+ years
of maintenance-free life (Principle10)

Where appropriate, strengthen structure
with MasterBrace strengthening systems
(Principle 4)

Add additional capacity by broadening traffic
lanes and strengthening cantilever, using
MasterBrace LAM or MasterBrace BAR
carbon-fibre laminates and bars (Principle 4)
29
30
Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
EN 1504
Examples in Use
Multi-storey car park structure



non-destructive testing method) mapping
to assess active corrosion

levels and depths of carbonation

Determine requirements of client: budget, life
expectancy of repair, practical considerations
such as traffic management, access
times/loss of revenue while car park is
closed
Precast faade panels and floor slabs,

supporting columns and beams

Chloride contamination from de-icing salts
on lower levels and ramps

Large-scale corrosion caused by carbonation
in thin-section precast concrete panels

Joints and decking requiring waterproofing
and anti-slip coatings. Water ingress into
ground floor retail units

Existing car park very dark and subject
to constant graffiti attack
Existing car park is now too small
Possible repair strategies and

recommended products:
Surface preparation
Delineate repair zones by saw-cutting to 5mm

concrete by high power water-jetting or similar

Prepare horizontal surfaces by captive grit
blasting or similar

Clean steel in exposed areas to Sa2
(EN ISO 8501-1)
Material application

using MasterFlow anchoring grouts resin
anchors (Principle 4). (NB do not use resin
anchors if structure is to be CP protected)

primer MasterEmaco P 5000 AP or high pH,
impermeable, repair mortar MasterEmaco S
5400 (Principle 7)

Reprofiling precast panels and scab repairs:
apply shrinkage compensated, fibrereinforced, high-build repair mortar
MasterEmaco S 5300/N 5200 (Principle 3)

Protect and improve aesthetics with
MasterProtect anti-carbonation or anti-graffiti
coating (Principle 1)

Where necessary, resurface and level largescale horizontal surfaces using MasterTop
fast-setting high-strength toppings
(EN 13813)

Provide crack-bridging barrier, waterproofing
over retail units with MasterSeal elastomeric
deck membrane system (Principles 2 & 5)

Protect intermediate decks with corrosion
protection against water-borne chloride
ingress with MasterProtect 8000 CI
(Principles 1, 2 & 11)

Provide hard-wearing, anti-slip intermediate
deck coating MasterTop coatings
(Principle 1 & 5)

Renew jointing system with MasterSeal
NP 474
Optional extra treatments/alternative

systems

Protect structure by reducing corrosion using
spray-applied corrosion inhibitor
MasterProtect 8000 CI (Principles 2 & 11)
OR

Apply appropriate MasterProtect 830 CP/
860 CP cathodic protection for 25+ years
of maintenance-free life (Principle10)

Constructing additional storeys: add
additional local capacity, using MasterBrace
LAM, MasterBrace BAR or MasterBrace FIB
systems (Principle 4)
31
32
Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
EN 1504
Examples in Use
Marine structures




Concrete sampling to determine
chloride levels

Determine requirements of client: budget, life
expectancy of repair, practical considerations
such as access times, loss of revenue while
structure is out of commission etc.

Agree repair option is viable rather than
demolish and rebuild
Jetties, sea walls and desalination plants


Chloride contamination from seawater
on underside of superstructure

Splash/tidal zone and immediately below
water level heavily damaged by erosion and
impact damages plus some corrosion spalling

Existing crane rail needs to be upgraded with
new rails and anchoring/grouting systems

Surface preparation

Delineate repair zones by saw-cutting
to 5 mm

concrete by high power water-jetting
or similar

Clean steel in exposed areas to Sa2
(EN ISO 8501-1)

using MasterFlow anchoring grouts
(Principle 4)
Do not use resin anchors if structure is to be
CP protected

Restore passivity to steel by use of the active
primer MasterEmaco P 5000 AP or of high
pH, impermeable, repair mortar MasterEmaco

Structural repair to superstructure columns
and beams: spray apply high-strength,
sulphate-resistant, shrinkage-compensated
cement-based mortar MasterEmaco S 5400
to the required profile (Principle 3)

Install new crane rail and fenders with highstrength precision grout, capable of high
dynamic loading, e.g. MasterFlow 648
(epoxy-based) or MasterFlow 4800
(cement-based with metallic aggregate)
Optional extra treatments/alternative systems

For a heavily chloride contaminated structure,
spray apply 8 12 mm MasterProtect 860 CP
cathodic protection for 25+ years of
maintenance-free life (Principle10)

For less contaminated structures, provide
additional protection with MasterProtect
8000 CI spray-applied silane-based corrosion
inhibitor (Principle 11)
33
34
Repairing Concrete
Repairing Concrete
EN 1504
Examples in Use
Industrial buildings


Visual inspection of surface appearance,
especially where there is chemical damage


Determination of the carbonation depth

levels and depths of contamination

Determine requirements of client: budget,
life expectancy of repair, future loading
requirements, practical considerations such
as access times, loss of revenue while
structure is out of commission etc.

Carbonation in areas with low reinforcement
cover due to complex formwork
(and installation method) during casting
of the concrete

Acid attack due to emissions from industrial
chimneys
Constantly wet/humid conditions

Deterioration due to soft water, which is
formed during water condensation in
cooling towers

Loss of surface hardness showing a powdery
or non-cohesive surface due to chemical
attack on the cement matrix

Cracking of the concrete in chimneys,
requiring external structural strengthening
Cooling towers, silos and chimneys

Surface preparation
Delineate repair zones by saw-cutting to 5 mm

concrete by high-power water-jetting or similar

Clean steel in exposed areas to Sa2 (EN ISO
8501-1)

using MasterFlow anchoring grouts (Principle
4). Do not use resin anchors if structure is to
be CP protected

primer MasterEmaco P 5000 AP or of high
pH, impermeable repair mortar MasterEmaco

Structural repair: spray apply high-strength,
sulphate-resistant, shrinkage-compensated
cement based mortar MasterEmaco S 5400
to the required profile (Principle 3)

Where necessary, install MasterBrace FIB
sheets or MasterBrace BAR systems
(Principle 4) in order to stiffen, strengthen
or increase the capacity of the structure

Protect the concrete from chemical attacks
using MasterSeal chemical-resistant
membrane systems (principles 1 and 6)
Optional extra treatments/alternative systems

In areas of high chloride contamination, apply
appropriate MasterProtect 830 CP/860 CP
cathodic protection for 25+ years of
maintenance-free life (Principle 10)

For less contaminated structures, provide
additional protection with MasterProtect
8000 CI spray-applied silane-based corrosion
inhibitor (Principle 11)
35
Master Builders Solutions from

BASF for the Construction Industry
MasterAir
Complete solutions for air
entrained concrete
MasterFiber
Comprehensive solutions for
fiber reinforced concrete
MasterBrace
Solutions for concrete strengthening
MasterGlenium
Solutions for high performance
concrete
MasterCast
Solutions for the manufactured
concrete product industry
MasterInject
Solutions for concrete injection
MasterPolyheed
Solutions for mid-range concrete
MasterPozzolith
Solutions for water-reduced
concrete
MasterProtect
Solutions for concrete protection
MasterRheobuild
Solutions for high strength concrete
MasterCem
Solutions for cement manufacture
MasterKure
Solutions for concrete curing
MasterEmaco
Solutions for concrete repair
MasterLife
Solutions for enhanced durability
MasterRoc
Solutions for underground
construction
MasterFinish
Solutions for formwork treatment
and surface improvement
MasterMatrix
Advanced rheology control for
concrete
MasterSeal
Solutions for waterproofing
and sealing
MasterFlow
Solutions for precision grouting
MasterPel
Solutions for water tight concrete
MasterSet
Solutions for set control
BASF plc
BASF plc
Construction Chemicals
Construction Chemicals
MasterSure
Solutions for extraordinary
workability retention
MasterTop
Solutions for industrial and
commercial floors
Master X-Seed
Advanced accelerator solutions
for concrete
Ucrete
Flooring solutions for harsh
environments
PO Box 4 Earl Road Cheadle Hulme
19 Broad Ground Road Lakeside Redditch
Cheadle Cheshire SK8 6QG United Kingdom
Worcestershire B98 8YP United Kingdom
P +44 (0)161 485 6222 F +44 (0)161 488 5220
P +44 (0)1527 512 255 F +44 (0)1527 503 576
www.master-builders-solutions.basf.co.uk
www.master-builders-solutions.basf.co.uk
The data contained in this publication are based on our current knowledge and experience. They do not constitute the agreed contractual quality of the product and, in view of the many factors that
may affect processing and application of our products, do not relieve processors from carrying out their own investigations and tests. The agreed contractual quality of the product at the time of
transfer of risk is based solely on the data in the specification data sheet. Any descriptions, drawings, photographs, data, proportions, weights, etc. given in this publication may change without prior
information. It is the responsibility of the recipient of our product to ensure that any proprietary rights and existing laws and legislation are observed (02/2014).
= registered trademark of BASF group in many countries.
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Repairing Concrete

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Repairing Concrete

Master Builders Solutions

Master Builders Solutions

The comprehensive portfolio under the Master

Repair and Protection Systems

With our system solutions, we help you to extend

Life cycle extension

Torres Blancas, Alicante (Spain):

25% of the structure owners

A large-scale independent and anonymous

EN 1504 has standardized repair activities and

CONREPNET, November 2004

EN 1504 scope of the norm

European standard EN 1504 consists of 10

As a structure owner, it will give you an increased

Describes terms and definitions within the standard.

Provides specifications for surface protection products/systems for concrete.

Provides specifications for structural and non-structural repair.

Provides specifications for structural bonding.

Provides specifications for concrete injection.

Provides specifications for anchoring of reinforcing bars.

Provides specifications for reinforcement corrosion protection.

Common causes of defects

Basic considerations for repairing concrete

The nature and causes of defects, including

Part 9 of European Standard EN 1504 specifies

General principles for use of products and systems

MasterProtect protective coatings

1.3 Locally bandaged cracks

MasterSeal waterproofing tapes

1.4 Filling cracks

MasterInject injection resins

1.5 Transferring cracks into joints

MasterSeal elastic joint sealants

1.6 Erecting external panels

1.7 Applying membranes

2.1 Hydrophobic impregnation

MasterProtect water repellents

2.2 Surface coating

MasterProtect protective coatings

2.3 Sheltering or overcladding

2.4 Electrochemical treatment

3.1 Applying mortar by hand

MasterEmaco repair mortars

3.2 Recasting with concrete

MasterEmaco pourable repair

3.3 Spraying concrete or mortar

MasterEmaco sprayable repair

3.4 Replacing elements

Protection against ingress

Methods based on principle

Reducing or preventing the

Adjusting and maintaining the

MasterFlow anchoring grouts

4.3 Plate bonding

4.4 Adding mortar or concrete

MasterEmaco repair mortars

Principle 1, method 1.2

Principle 1, method 1.4

Principle 2, method 2.2

7.2 Replacing contaminated or carbonated