Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

access

noun
verb

easy

accurate

adjective

common

Definition
theabilitytogointo(whensomebody
orsomethingmustallowyoutoenter)
togointosomethingwhenallowedto
enter
correct(aboutinformation,not
opinions)ontarget

achieve

verb

easy

toaccomplishagoal

acquire

verb

easy

toget(especiallywhenyouwill
continuetogetmore)

adequate

adjective

common

adjust

verb

common

administration noun

medium

affect

verb

easy

alter

verb

hard

alternative

noun
adjective

medium

analyze

verb

common

annual

adjective

medium

apparent

adjective
adjective

hard

approach

verb
noun

common

goodenoughforwhatyouneed
tochangeormovealittleandmake
betterormoreaccurate
therunningofsomethingoran
organization(business,school,
government,etc)thepersonor
peopleinchargeofrunningan
organization
tochange,makedifferent,havean
effect

ExampleSentence
Onlystudentshaveaccesstothe
universitylibrary.
Thereisalargeamountofoilunderthe
ice,butwecantaccessit.
Thattestisnotanaccuratetestof
intelligence.
Thebeststudentsknowthattoachieve
goodgrades,theyhavetostudyevery
day.
Janiceisn'tadoctoryet,butfromher
studiesshe'sslowlyacquiringthe
knowledgeandskillsshe'llneed
AverylightjacketwillbeadequateforLos
Angeles'swarmwinter.
ThecolorsonthisTVscreenarewrong.I'll
adjustthem.

Theuniversityadministrationcancelledall
schooleventsafterabadstormleftmost
buildingswithoutelectricity.
Whichlanguagewespeakaffectshowwe
thinkabouttheworld.
Magazinesheavilyalterthephotosof
tochange,toadjust
celebritiestheypublish.
Themenuincludesalternativesfor
studentswhodon'teatmeat.
otherpossibilityoroption
Manywordsintheseflashcardshave
different,otherthanthemainoption alternativedefinitions.
Theaccountantwastoobusywith
totrytounderstandsomethingbetter paperworktoanalyzethereportthatsaid
bycloselylookingatitsdetails
thecompanyhadnomoney.
EveryoneinManchesterwasexcited
abouttheannualgamebetweenthecity's
yearlyhappeningeveryyear
twosoccerteams.
Afteronlyafewmonths,itwasapparent
thattheFrenchwouldnotwinthewar.
clearlyseenorunderstood
Theshark'sapparentsleepinessis
seeming(butnotdefinitelytrue)
actuallybecauseofhowcoldthewateris.
Thesignattheparksaidclearly,"Donot
approachwildanimals!Theywillbite."
tocome/goclosertosomethingor
ThenewCEOhadaverystrange
someone
approachtomanagement,lettinghis
awaytodosomething
employeessleepwhenevertheywanted.

Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

area

noun

hard

aspect

noun

hard

assess

verb

common

assist

verb

easy

assume

verb

common

attitude

noun

medium

attribute

verb
noun

medium

authority

noun

medium

available

adjective

easy

aware

adjective

medium

benefit

noun

medium

brief

adjective

common

capable

adjective

common

capacity

noun
noun

hard

Definition

ExampleSentence
Researchersworkinginmanydifferent
arangeofsubjectsorstudies,afield, area,frompsychologytophysics,willbe
adiscipline
abletousethenewtypeofplastic.
Thethreemostimportantaspectstothink
afeature,acharacteristic,aparticular aboutwhenlearningalanguageare
partofsomething
grammar,vocabulary,andpronunciation.
tolookcloselyatandfigureoutthe
Beforebuyingahouse,youshouldalways
valueortypeofsomething
assessthebuildingcarefully.
Theboxwastoobigtocarry,soJohn
tohelporaid
askedthestoremanagertoassisthim.
Ahmedassumedhisforgetfulprofessor
wouldn'tremembertheirmeeting,butthe
professorwasalreadywaitingforhimin
tobelievewithoutproof
heroffice.
asetwayofthinkingorasetfeeling Zachalwayshasapositiveattitudewhen
aboutsomethingorsomeone
hehastodealwithaproblematwork.
togiveaneventorpersoncreditfor Themuseumdirectorattributedthe
something,likeaworkofartora
recentlydiscoveredpaintingtoVanGogh.
speech
Allofhismovieshaveafewattributesin
aqualityorfeaturethatisan
common:forexample,thereislittle
importantpartofsomething
conversationandalotofmusic.
controlorresponsibilityover
OnlyCongresshastheauthoritytomake
something(people,area,laws,etc)
andpasslawsforthecountry.
Theadvisorwasnotavailabletoomeetall
dayMonday,sothestudenthadtocome
abletobereached,used,orbought backonTuesday.
AsHelendroveawayformthegasstation,
shewasn'tawarethatherlightswereoff
tohaveknowledgeof
untilsheturnedontoadarkstreet.
Thepresidentflewaroundthecountry,
somethinggoodcomingfroman
talkingaboutthebenefitsofthenew
action,agreement,idea,plan,etc.
healthcarelaw.
Beforewebeginclass,letmebriefly
short(abouttime,notlength)
introducemyself.
Neartheageoftwelvemonths,children
abletodo
arecapableofwalking.
Thehotelisfulltomaximumcapacity
therearenoemptyrooms.
Fewbirdshavethecapacitytorecognize
theamountorvolumesomethingcan themselveswhenlookinginamirrormost
hold
actasthoughthereisasecondbird
ability(especiallymental)
behindtheglass.

Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

noun
verb
verb

easy

circumstance noun

easy

comment

noun
verb

easy

commit

verb
verb
verb

hard

community

noun

medium

compensate

verb

hard

complex

adjective

easy

component

noun

hard

concentrate

verb
verb

medium

challenge

concept

noun

common

Definition

ExampleSentence

Newmedicinesfacemanychallenges
beforetheycanbeputinstores.
Inordertogettheattentionoffemales,
somethingdifficult
malesofmanyanimalspecieswill
tosuggestafightorargument,to
challengeeachotherindifferentways.
disagreeortrytofightsomebody
Einstein'swritingschallengedmanyideas
tosaysomethingisn'ttrue
ofthetime.
Myprofessoronlygivesextratimetofinish
thesituation,factsorenvironment
essaysunderspecialcircumstances.
aroundanevent
Normallyit'snotallowed.
Theprofessorwasangryaboutthe
negativecommentsmadeabouthis
teachingstyle.
anobservation,note,orresponse
Asmartpolitician,theprimeminister
tosayashortresponseoropinion
refusedtocommentonthecriticismsof
aboutagiventopic
hernewestbudgetplan.
Michikocommittedtoomanygrammar
todoorperform(somethingvery
errorsinheressay,andthathurther
negative,likeacrime)
score.
topromiseto,tomakeafinaland
Beforeyoucommittoauniversity,besure
unchangeabledecision
tospendsometimeoncampus.
(usually"becommittedto")togiveall I'mcompletelycommittedtoourbaseball
ofyourenergytosomething
team'ssuccessI'ddoanythingtowin.
agroupofpeoplelivingorworking
TheSpanishspeakingcommunitywithin
together
NewYorkCityincludesmillionsofpeople.
ThepayatIan'snewjobwaslow,butthe
tohelpcorrectaproblemwith
freedomhisbossgavehimcompensated
another,positivething
forthat.
Thesciencebehindtheatomicbombused
inWorldWarIIwashighlycomplexatthe
withmanydifferentpartsanddifficult time,butitissimplecomparedtotoday's
tounderstand,complicated
nuclearscience.
Manyelectronicsaremadeofthousands
apartofawhole
ofsmallercomponentsandwires.
Youmustlearntoconcentratetobe
successfulonthetest.
tofocusattentiononsomething
Theprotestsconcentratedinthecity
tocometogetherintoasmallerspace parks.

anabstractidea

Someconceptswithinadvanced
mathematicsarehardtoshowinthereal
world.

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Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

conduct

verb

easy

conflict

noun

medium

consequence noun

easy

considerable
consist

adjective
verb

medium
hard

constant
constitute

adjective
verb

common
hard

constrain

verb

hard

construct

verb

easy

consume

verb

common

contact

noun
noun
verb

easy

context

noun

common

contrast

verb
verb

common

contribute

verb
verb

medium

Definition

ExampleSentence
Myresearchteamisaconductingastudy
onhowtheInternetischangingdating.
toorganizeandmanage(foranevent Wearecollectinginformationfromfive
thattakecarefulplanningandcontrol) countries.
anargument,longbattle,ordifference TheconflictinSyriahasforcedmany
ofopinions
peopletoleavethecountry.
result,effect,whathappensbecause Ifyouhurtthepeoplearoundyou,there
ofanevent
willbeunwantedconsequences.
largeenoughorimportantenoughto Aconsiderablenumberofpopularsports
getspecialnotice
wereinventedinonlythelast100years.
tobemadeof
TheU.S.consistsoffiftystates.
notchangingandnotstopping
Theriverflowsconstantlythroughtheyear
continuous
andneverfreezes.
tobethepiecesthatmakeawhole
FiftystatesconstitutetheU.S.A.
Popularbeliefsaysthatapetfish'ssizeis
constrainedbythesizeofthetankit'sin,
tolimittheactivityof,restrict
butthisisactuallyfalse.
Thelandfloodedeveryyear,soitwas
tobuild
unsafetoconstructbuildingsonit.
Nocountryconsumesmoreoilthanthe
U.S.A.
Yeast,whichisusedtomakebeer,
toeat,touse
consumessugarstocreatealcohol.
Anelectricalwireincontactwithapoolof
touching
watercanbeextremelydangerous.
havingpossibleornormal
Liamisstillincontactwithmanyofhis
communication
highschoolteachers,surprisingly.
communicating(asbyemailorphone Thewomanatthehelpdesktoldmeto
especially)togiveorgetspecific
contactthestudentaffairsofficeifIwant
information
tochangerooms.
Whenyouhavedifficultyunderstandinga
newword,lookatthecontext.The
theinformationorsituationaroundan sentencearoundthewordmighttellthe
idea,event,orsomethingthatissaid meaning.
Thezebra'sblackandwhitestripes
contrastclearlywiththeyellowgrass
aroundit.
tobeclearlydifferentfrom
BycontrastingthevocabularyofFrench
tolookspecificallyatthedifferences andSpanish,wecanseetheirdifferent
betweentwothings
histories.
Overthepastthreeyears,myparents
havenotcontributedtomyuniversity
togivesomething(oftenmoney),to tuition.
helpreachagoal
IsmokedalotwhenIwasyounger,and
toaddtothecauseofsomething
that'scontributedtomyhealthproblems
bigger
today.

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Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

coordinate

verb

hard

Definition
toworkwithorcommunicatewiththe
differentpeople,groups,orpieces
involvedinalargeproduct

core

adjective
noun

hard

central,offundamentalimportance
thecenterofsomething

correspond

verb
verb

medium

tobeaclosematch
tosendlettersbackandforth

criteria

noun

hard

culture

noun
noun

easy

data

noun

common

debate

verb

medium

decline

verb
verb
noun

medium

deduce

verb

hard

demonstrate

verb

common

derive

verb

hard

despite

preposition common

discrete

adjective

hard

distinct

adjective

medium

distribute

verb

medium

ExampleSentence
Achefatabigrestaurantwillspendhis
timecoordinatingalltheworkingsofthe
kitchen,notcooking.
Althoughwehavemadeimprovementsin
brainscience,manyofthecoreproblems
remain.
Theearth'scoreismadeofliquidrock.
Thisnewpaintfortheroomdoesnot
correspondtotheoldpaint.
Mymotherandfathercorrespondedfor
almosttwoyearsbeforemeetingin
person.
AgoodTOEFLessayincludesafew
criteria,includinggoodstructure,clear
ideas,andnaturalvocabulary.

themeasuresbywhichyoujudgeor
decidesomething
thewayagroupofpeoplelivingin
oneareanormallyacts,includingarts, Whenlivinginanothercountry,itcanbe
style,food,andhowpeopletalkto
verydifficulttobecomecomfortableinthe
andactwitheachother
newculture.
Wecollectdataontheoceans'
information,facts
temperatureseveryyear.
toargue,usuallyinaformal,polite
WatchingthepresidentialdebatesonTV
way
didnothelpmedecidewhotovotefor.
topolitelysaynotoaninvitationor
IdeclineddinnerbecauseIhadplansto
offer
eatwithmyfamilyinstead.
tobecomeless,fewer,orsmaller
Fortenyears,thenumberoffishinthe
(usuallyofsomethinggood)
riverhasdeclined.
aslowcontinuouslossofvalue,
ManypeoplesaythatAmericaisin
power,orstrength
decline.
Byanalyzingthebones,wecandeduce
tocometoaconclusionthroughlogic whentheanimallivedand,maybe,howit
andevidence,tofigureout
died.
toshowanexampleof,toprovewith Ateightyearsold,Mozartdemonstrated
evidence
hismusicalabilityinLondon.
togetorcreatefrom
Allplasticsarederivedfromoil.
(usually"bederivedfrom")tocome
ManyEuropeanlanguagesarederivedat
from,originatefrom
leastpartlyfromLatin.
evenwith(whenaneventis
surprisingbecauseofsomedifficulty) Weenjoyedourvacationdespitetherain.
separate,notthesamethingandwith Yourleftarmandrightarmarecontrolled
nopartsincommon
bytwodiscreteareasofthebrain.
Thereareatleastfivedistincttypesof
clearlydifferentfrom
turtlelivingontheisland.
Theteacherdistributedteststotheclass,
andthestudentswerehappytoseethey
togiveoutsomething
didwell.

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Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

diverse

adjective

hard

element

noun

medium

emerge

verb

hard

emphasize

verb

common

enable

verb

medium

enforce

verb

hard

entity

noun

hard

equivalent

adjective

medium

establish

verb

common

estimate

verb

medium

evaluate

verb

easy

evident

adjective

easy

exclude

verb

hard

expand

verb

easy

expose

verb

medium

external

adjective

hard

ExampleSentence
Thestudentpopulationisincredibly
diverseatSouthStateUniversity,with
havingmanydifferenttypes
studentsfrom30differentcountries.
TheelementofhisspeechthatIdidn'tlike
apartofsomething,usuallypartofan wasattheend,whenhetalkedabout
idea
religion.
Afterawinterspentsleeping,thebear
tocomeoutof
emergesfromitscave.
Mostmodernartemphasizescreativity
toplaceextraimportanceononepart andemotion,notskill.
Theclassesincollegewillenableyouto
tomakesomethingpossible
findagoodjob.
Althoughsmokingisnotallowedonschool
campus,thebanisn'tenforced,andmany
tomakepeoplefollow(aruleorlaw) studentssmokefreely.
Themaleanglerfishwillattach
permanentlytothefemale,andintime,
athingthatexistsoractsasoneunit thetwofishwillbecomeasingleentity.
Rashimusedacharttofindthathis6.7
GPAinhishomecountrywasequivalent
equal
toa3.2GPAintheUnitedStates.
tobuild,tocreate(ofasystem,
organization,orideanotareal,
TheU.S.governmentwasestablishedin
physicalthing)
thelate1700s.
todetermineroughlythevalueor
numberofsomething,toguessa
Becarefultonotforgetanycostsforthe
numberusingsomeinformation
yearwhenyouestimateyourbudget.
Studentsareevaluatedbytheirgradeson
toformanideaofthetheamount,
tests,homework,essays,andinclass
numberorvalueofsomething
interaction.
Dogs'feelingareusuallyevidentintheir
clearlyseenorunderstood,obvious actions.
tonotinclude,tonotputinalistor
Ieatalmostanything,excludingspicy
group
foods.Ihatehotpepper.
Blowingairintoaballoonwillcauseitto
tomakelargertogivemoredetailon expand,butifyoublowtoomuchair,itwill
asubject
explode!
toshoworrevealsomethingthatwas Thepolitician'scrimeswereexposedand
hidden
hewasforcedtoleavehisposition.
outside(especiallyofabodyor
Uncontrollable,externaleventscancause
system)
evenaverycarefulcompanytofail.

hard

Classicalmusic,unlikemanytypesof
music,willgenerallyfacilitatelearningand
improvememory.

facilitate

verb

Definition

tomakeeasyoreasier

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Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

factor

noun

hard

feature

noun
verb

common

focus

verb
noun

easy

framework

noun

hard

function

verb
noun

common

fundamental

adjective

common

furthermore

adverb

common

generate

verb

hard

Definition

ExampleSentence
Twoofthelargestfactorsaffecting
afactthatinfluencesorchangesa
children'shealthygrowtharefoodand
result
relationshipswithparents.
Thesoundmadeby"r"isoneofthemost
difficultfeaturesofspokenEnglish.
Theuniversity'snewstudenthousing
animportantcharacteristic,aproperty featureslargerroomsthantheoldbuilding
toincludeasanimportantpiece
did.
Icouldnotfocusonmyhomeworkinthe
librarybecausesomeonewasplaying
tolookat,thinkabout,orgive
musicveryloudly.
attentionto
ThefocusofJustin'sessaywasnotclear
thecenterofattentionthemost
totheprofessor,sohereceivedalow
importantpart
grade.
Ellen'sbusinessplanmayhavefailed,but
astructureforabuilding,system,or itformedtheframeworkforhernext,
idea
successfulplan.
Idroppedmyphoneintoaswimmingpool,
toworktodowhatsomethingshould but,amazingly,itstillfunctions.
do
Thehaironthehumanheadhasnoclear
whatsomethingdoes,itspurpose
function.
Alivebelievesthatwomenare
fundamentallydifferentfrommen.
Thefundamentalbeliefsofmostreligions
basic,centralextremelyimportant
arepeaceful.
Kenyahasbeautifulweatherand,
furthermore,doesnothavelongnightsin
also,inaddition,what'smore
thewinter.
tocreate,toproduce(especially
energy)
Movementgeneratesheat.

grant

verb
verb

hard

hence

adverb

common

hypothesis

noun

common

identify

verb

common

Thegovernmenthasrecentlygrantedus
accesstoinformationthatwassecret
before.
toagreetogive(somethingthatwas Idisagreethatsnakesmakegoodpets,
askedfor)
butI'llgrantthatthey'reeasytotakecare
toadmit,tosaysomethingistrue
of.
Theevidenceisfalsehence,the
therefore,so,asaresult
conclusionisalsofalse.
anideawhichexplainssomethingbut ThehypothesisthattheEarthisgrowing
isunproven
wasshowntobefalse.
toname,toshoworfigureoutwhat
Scientistshavenotbeenabletoidentify
somethingis
thelanguagewrittenontherocks.

illustrate

verb

common

toexplainwithanexample

Peterillustratedhispointbytellingashort
story.

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Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

impact

noun
verb
noun

hard

imply

verb

easy

indicate

verb

common

individual

adjective

easy

initial

adjective

medium

instance

noun

common

institute

verb
noun

hard

integrate

verb

hard

internal

adjective

medium

interpret

verb

medium

invest

verb

medium

investigate

verb

common

Definition

ExampleSentence

Theendofthewarhadalargeimpacton
economicgrowth.
Myfather'sadvicehugelyimpactedmy
universitydecision.
aneffectthatchangesasituation
Theimpactofacarcrashcansenda
toaffectstrongly
driverwhodoesn'twearaseatbelt
theforceofbeinghithard
throughthewindow.
tocommunicatewithoutsaying
Thepresidentimpliedthathewouldnot
specifically,tohintatanideatolead supportthenewlawagainstselling
toaclearconclusion
tobacco,buthedidn'tsayitclearly.
Thewayyouspeakandactindicatesyour
tobeasignof,toshow
emotions.
Joanwassurprisedthatthetenbooksshe
orderedfromtheInternetcametogether,
singleorseparatedonlyoneof
butinindividualboxes.
Myinitialplanwastostudyuntilmidnight
andwakeuplate,butthenIfellasleep
atthebeginning
early.
TwoanimalsinAustralia(platypusesand
echidnas)aretheonlyinstancesof
anexample,acase
animalswithhairthatlayeggs.
InJanuary,wewillinstituteaplantomake
caraccidentslessfrequent.
tostart(aruleorsystem)
TheNationalCancerInstitutewascreated
agroupororganizationthatstudiesor tolearnmoreabout,andhopefullycure,
worksforsomethingspecific
themanytypesofcancer.
Itisdifficultorevenimpossibleto
smoothlyintegrateasmall,foreignculture
tobecomeapartof
intothemaincultureofacountry.
TheUSgovernmenthashadlotsof
foundorhappeninginside(abody,
problemseversinceinternalmessages
organization,etc)
werepublishedonnewswebsites.
Thestudentscouldnotinterpretthe
tofigureoutorexplainthemeaningof extremelyoldbookbecausethepages
something
werehardtoread.
tospendmoney,energy,ortimeon
somethinghopingforgoodresults
later
Ifyouwanttolearnanotherlanguage,you
tospendmoneyinthehopesof
willhavetoinvestalotofyourfreetime.
makingmoremoney,usuallyin
Jamieinvestedinaneducationcompany
property,financialshares,orsome
thathethoughtwouldsucceedandmake
otheractivity
himrich.
Doctorsareinvestigatinganewly
totrytofindanswerstoquestions
discoveredplantthatmighthelptofight
aboutsomething,toresearch
cancer.

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Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

Definition

involve

verb

common

toinclude,tohaveasapart

issue

noun
noun

common

justify

verb

hard

label

noun
verb

easy

atopicorsituationtotalkabout
aproblem
togiveagoodreasonforanactionor
situation(especiallyonethatseems
bad)
anameorphrasegiventoagroupof
thingstoidentifythem(often
negative)
togivealabeltosomething

labor

noun

medium

workeffort

layer

noun
verb

medium

lecture

noun
verb

common

link

verb
noun

medium

maintain

verb
verb
verb

easy

major

adjective

easy

maximize

verb

easy

mental

adjective

easy

method

noun

common

ExampleSentence
Thestudyofarchitectureinvolvesbothart
andscience.
Inordertodefinewhatjazzmusicis,we
needtolookatafewdifferentissues.
Monarchies(governmentswithkingsor
queens)oftenhaveseveralcommon
issues.
AlthoughMilosexplainedforalongtime,
hecouldnotjustifyborrowinghisbrother's
carwithoutasking.
Themeaningofthelabel"punk"has
changedgreatlyinthelast30years.
Childrenareoftenunkindandlabelothers
wholookdifferentasoutsiders.
Juanwassurprisedathowmuchlabor
wasneededtofinishhisprojectontime.
Layersofpaintonthesteelbridgewill
protectitfromrust.
Sebastianlayeredthesandwichwithall
myfavoritemeatsandcheeses.

somethingthatcoverssomethingelse
toputsomethingontopofsomething
else
alongspeechaboutonetopic
(especiallyinaclassroom)
ProfessorJackson'slecturesaretoolong
togivealongspeechaboutatopic
Ialwaysfallasleep.
Thenewsstorylinkedthepresident's
tocreateaconnectionbetweentwoor successwiththeimprovedeconomy.
morethings
Whatisthelinkbetweensuccessinlife
aconnectionbetweentwothings
andineducation?
Chinahasmaintainedafriendshipwiththe
U.S.,althoughthetwocountriesoften
havedifferentneedsandideas.
tocontinue
Theseroadsaresobadlymaintainedthat
tokeepalive,tokeepingoodstateor they'redifficulttodriveon.
condition
Untilhisdeath,ChristopherColumbus
tocontinuetosayalthoughpeople
maintainedthathehadsailedtoAsia,not
disagree
America.
Theexamscoreisamajorpartofthefinal
veryimportant,orlargeinsize
classgrade.
Inordertomaximizethenumberofpeople
tomakeasbigaspossibletouseor thatcanfitontheplane,theairlinetook
doascompletelyaspossible
outtherestrooms.
Manymentalproblemsarestillnotwell
understood.Weoftendon'tknowwhat
causesthemnorhowtostopthemfrom
ofthemind
happening.
TheSpanishmethodofmakingchocolate
howtodosomething,aprocess
createdacompletelynewdrink.

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Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

minor

adjective

easy

modify

verb

common

monitor

verb
noun

hard

negate

verb

hard

network

noun

medium

nevertheless

adverb

common

notion

noun

medium

objective

noun
adjective

hard

obtain

verb

medium

obvious

adjective

easy

occupy

verb

easy

occur

verb

easy

orient

verb
verb

hard

overall

adjective
adverb

common

participate

verb

easy

Definition

ExampleSentence
Theoldactresswassadshehadonlya
notveryimportantsmallinsize
minorroleinthenewmovie.
tomakesmallchangesoraddtoin
Thefirstbicycleswereslowanddifficultto
ordertomakebetter
use,buttheyweremodifiedovertime.
Wehavebeencarefullymonitoringthe
towatchthequalityorprogressof
amountofsaltinouroceansforthelast50
somethingovertime
years.
somethingorsomebodywhich
Heartratemonitorscanbeusedforboth
monitors
medicineandexercise.
Studyinglateintothenightmighthelpyou
learnmore,butsleepinglessnegatesthe
tomakenottrueornoteffective
positiveeffects.
asystemofconnectedpieces
Thetyphoondestroyedthenetworkof
(especiallyfortransportationor
roads,whichhasmadeithardtobring
communication)
suppliesandfirstaidtothetown.
Thedecisionwasdangerous.
however,regardless
Nevertheless,HitlerattackedRussia.
Ithinktheprofessor'snotionoffunwas
abeliefanidea
differentfromthestudents'notionoffun.
TheobjectiveoftheTOEFListomeasure
yourtotalEnglishability.
agoal
Wecanobjectivelymeasurehowspicya
basedinfact,notanopinion,notfrom pepperis,buthowwefeelaboutthat
personalbeliefsorideas
spicinessisnotobjective.
Afterlotsoflooking,Jorgeobtainedajob
togetorsecuresomething
andapartmentinNewYorkCity.
Theresultsoftheelectionweresoclear
thattheloseradmitteddefeatbefore
easilyunderstoodorseen
votingwasfinished.
Thedentist'sofficeoccupiedtheentire
tobeinoronaspace,tofillaspace fourthfloorofthebuilding.
ThesinkingoftheTitanicoccurredon
tohappen
April14,1912.
(usually"tobeoriented")tomoveinto
apositioninlinewithsomespecific
Thestatuesappeartobeorientedtoward
point
thesunrise.
(usually"toorientyourself")toexplore Ittookafewweekstoorientmyselfinthe
andbecomecomfortablewith
newjob,butIfeelcomfortablenow.
Somewordsmightbenewanddifficult,
buttheoverallmeaningofthesentenceis
clear.
lookingatorincludingallpiecesor
Overall,Americanseatalotofbeef,
factors
especiallycomparedtopeopleinother
ingeneral,forthemostpart
countries.
tojoinortakepartin(aconversation, Theteacherwassurprisedwhenevery
agame,etc.)
studentparticipatedinthemathgame.

http://toefl.magoosh.com
Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

perceive

verb

hard

period

noun

easy

perspective

noun

hard

phase

noun

hard

philosophy

noun
noun

medium

physical

adjective
adjective

easy

policy

noun

hard

potential

noun
adjective

medium

precise

adjective

medium

predict

verb

common

previous

adjective

easy

primary

noun

easy

principle

noun

hard

prior

adjective

medium

Definition

ExampleSentence
Ifhuntersareskilled,theanimalswillnot
tobeawareof,tosenseorfeel
perceivetheirpresence.
Computertechnologychangedalotinthe
periodbetweenthe1980sandtheyear
arangeoramountoftime
2000.
Youngchildren'sdrawingsdonothave
clearlydefinedperspectiveyoumaysee
threewallsofanoutsideofabuilding,for
example.
howyouseesomethingfroma
ManyHollywoodmovies,whenwatched
specificplace
fromawoman'sperspective,haveclearly
apointofvieworopinion
sexistcharacters.
aperiodoftimeinalongerprocessof Thereareatleastthreedifferentphasesin
change
afrog'sdevelopmentfromeggtoadult.
Philosophyhasalwaystriedtoanswerthe
thestudyofknowledgeorasetof
question"Whatisthemeaningoflife?"
theoriesknowledgeandthought
Myphilosophyisthatifyoucando
abasicideaofapersonor
somethingtoday,youshouldn'twaituntil
organizationthataffectstheiractions tomorrow.
Cleaningupthecampusgardenwas
tiring,physicalwork.
ofthebody(notmental)
Katerinadoesn'tlikepayingformusic
concrete(notabstract)
withoutaphysicalcopy,suchasaCD.
arulemadebyanorganization,
Schoolpolicydoesnotallowalcoholon
government,orcompany
campus.
possibleabilitythatmightbeusedin
thefuture
Windandsolarenergyhavethepotential
havingtheabilitytodosomethingin toreplaceoil.
thefuture
Chinaispotentiallythenextworldleader.
Becausethepiratesweren'tcertainofthe
preciselocationofthegold,theydug
exactcarefullydefined
holesallovertheisland.
CharlieChaplinpredictedthatmovies
tosaysomethingwillhappeninthe
wouldneverbecomepopular.Hewas
future
wrong,clearly.
Soojinthoughtherscienceclasswas
happeningbeforetheonehappening reallyhardafterstudyingonlyliteraturein
now(ofathing,event,ordate)
thepreviousyear.
Theprimarycauseofunhappinessisnot
firstinimportance
aboutmoneyitisbadhealth.
Theprinciplesattheheartofthenew
aruleorideathatmakesthebasefor religionarethesameasmanycentral
asystem(oftenmoral)
beliefsofChristianity.
ThenewCEOofYahoocalledtheprior
CEOofthecompanytogetabetter
happeningorbeingbefore
understandingofthecompany.

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Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

Definition

proceed

verb

medium

tobeginorcontinuewithsomeaction

project

noun
verb
verb

common

aplanortasktoreachaspecificgoal
topredictthemeasurementof
somethinginthefuturefrompresent
measurements
tosendout,tothrow(oflight,energy,
etc)

proportion

noun

hard

thesizeoramountofsomething
comparedtothewholeorotherparts

pursue

verb
verb

hard

range

noun
verb

medium

react

verb

easy

region

noun

easy

register

verb
verb

common

regulate

verb

medium

reject

verb

easy

relevant

adjective

easy

rely

verb

easy

remove

verb
verb
verb

easy

require

common

ExampleSentence
Wewillnotproceedwiththeconstruction
untilsomeonetellsusitissafetobuild
here.
Cleaningoutthestorageroomwasabig
project,butit'snicetoseeitempty,now.
Basedonthisyear'ssuccess,Appleis
projectingsimilargrowthnextyear,too.
Hopingtocommunicatewithaliens,
scientistshavebeenprojectingradio
messagesintospaceformanyyears.
Cartoonsofpeopleoftenhave
exaggeratedproportions,suchasvery
largeeyesorhands.
Thebabyelephantran,butthepackof
lionspursuedit.
Manpursuedthedreamofflightfor
hundredsofyearsbeforethemodern
airplanewasinvented.

tofollow,tochase
totrytoachieve(adreamorgoal)
thedistancebetweentwothings(like
area,time,orintelligence)
Therangeofscoresonthetestwasbig.
tobebetweenasetminimumand
Inthecompany,theageofpeopleranges
maximum
from25to75.
Mothersreactquicklytotheirbabiescries,
torespond,actinanswerto
eveninthemiddleofthenight.
AlthoughmostoftheJapaneseexchange
studentscomefromOsaka,inthesouth,
Akikocomesfromthenorthernregionof
anareaofland
Japan.
toputyournameorotherinformation Ifyou'dliketobuyamealplan,youcan
inalistforsomething
registeratthestudentaffairsoffice.
toidentifyandshowonatoolfor
Thebombwassostrongthatfaraway
measuring
weatherballoonsregisteredtheheat.
tohavecontroloveraprocesssothat Parentsregulatetheamountoftimekids
itfunctionsproperly
spendplayinggamesontheirphones.
tosaynotosomethingoffered,to
Afterapplyingtotenschools,Lucaswas
refuseordecline
rejectedbynineofthem.
IthinkProfessorMcGarrycangiveyou
closelyconnectedtothetopicand
somerelevantbookstohelpyouwritethat
thereforeimportant
essay.
Inmanycountries,childrenrelyontheir
todependon,toneedinorderto
parentsforfood,money,andhousinguntil
continuewell
theyareover20yearsold.
Thegrocerystoreremovedallofthemilk
afterthegovernmentsaiditwasunsafeto
totakeawayortakeout
drink.
toneedforaspecificpurposetoset Alllife,plantsandanimalsincluded,
astheminimum
requireswater.

http://toefl.magoosh.com
Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

research
reside

verb
noun
verb

easy
medium

resolve

verb

easy

resource

noun

easy

respond

verb

easy

restrict

verb

common

retain

verb

hard

role

noun

medium

scheme

noun

hard

section

noun

easy

secure

verb

medium

seek

verb

hard

select

verb
adjective

common

Definition

ExampleSentence
Aftergrowinguponanisland,Malika
hopedtoresearchoceantemperaturesin
tofindorsearchformoreinformation graduateschool.
aboutsomething
Dr.Stanislauswasfamousforhis
informationcollectedaboutsomething researchonchangesinhealtheducation
(usuallyacademic)
overthepast100years.
toliveinaplace
IresideinCalifornia.
Evenaftermeetingforhours,the
toagreetodecidetosolvea
governmentleadersstillcouldnotresolve
problemorargument
theirargumentovernewtaxes.
Manyoftherichestcountrieshave
somesavedmaterialthatcanbeused surprisinglyfewnaturalresourcesand
forapurpose(especiallymoney,
mustbuyoilorgasfromothercountries.
anythingusedtomakeenergysuch Neverforgettomakeuseofthelibrary
asoil,orinformationsourcessuchas duringyourstudiesit'sfullofgreat
books)
resources.
Waiterswhorespondtocustomers'
questionswithasmilegenerallygetmore
money.
Ifyouscareaturtle,itwillrespondby
answerreact
hidinginitsshell.
tolimit,tomakesomeactions
Accesstothisparkingareaisrestricted:
impossible
onlyuniversitystudentsmayuseit.
OriginallyfromFrance,Jeanretainsahint
tokeep,continuetohaveorcontain ofherFrenchaccenteventoday.
Studentclasspresidentisanimportant
ajoborfunctionaposition
role.
Microsoft'smarketingschemefortheir
newtabletcomputerwaslessthan
successful.
alargeplan
Themodernschemefornamingdifferent
thesystembywhichsomethingis
typesofplantsandanimalsstartedaround
arranged
1800.
Everyant'sbodyhasthreesections:a
oneofanumberofpieceswhich
head,athorax(wherethelegsare),and
cometogethertocreateawhole
anabdomen(theback).
toattachsomethingsothatiswon't
Pleasetightlysecurethesurfboardson
comeoff
topofthecar.
Acrossmanydifferentcultures'stories,
tolookfor,totrytofind
heroesseekmorethanjustgoldorfame.
Therearefourdifferentmathcoursesyou
mayselectfrominyourfirstyear.
Harvardstudentsareaselectgroupof
tochoose
veryintelligent,successfulstudentswho
chosenasthebestfromagroup
areoftenfromrichfamilies.

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Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

shift

verb
noun

medium

significant

adjective

common

site

noun

medium

source

noun

easy

specify

verb

easy

stable

adjective

medium

status

noun

medium

strategy

noun

easy

stress

verb
noun
noun

common

subsequent

adjective

hard

substitute

verb
noun

common

sufficient

adjective

common

sustain

verb

medium

Definition

ExampleSentence

Pleasehelpmeshiftthetablesoitis
easierforpeopletositdown.
tomovesomethingashortdistance Therecentshiftthatthecoachmadeis
asmallchangeinpositionordirection helpingtheteamwinmoregames.
importantorbigenoughthatyou
Mostanimalsspendasignificantamount
shouldnoticeorpayattention
oftheirtimelookingforfood.
Thepeopleofthecityvotedforasite
downtownasthelocationofthenew
thelocationofsomething
sportsstadium.
Donottrustbooksthatgiveinformation
withoutlistedsources.Thefactscouldbe
wheresomethingcomesfrom
false.
Thekingtoldtheherothathecouldmarry
tosaywhichoneorclearlypointto
oneoftheprincessesbutdidnotspecify
whichone
whichdaughter.
notlikelytochange,fall,ormove
secure(asinemployment,finances, Makesuretheladderisstablebeforeyou
housing,etc)
climbupit!
Thestatusofwomenhasslowlyimproved
therankorsocialclassofsomeoneor overthepast100years,anditcontinues
something
toimprove.
thecurrentsituationthatsomethingis What'sthestatusofthenewlibrary?Are
in
theyfinishedbuildingityet?
Thedebateteamspenttheevening
aplanofactiontoreachadesired
discussingtheirstrategyfordefeatingthe
goal
otherteam
Ifyoustressthewrongwordsorsounds
whenspeakingEnglish,youmaynotbe
toplaceextraimportanceononepart understood.
extraimportanceplacedononepart Finalexamsaresoon,andsostresslevels
pressure,strain,tensionworry
arehighamongstudents.
Boththewinterandthesubsequentspring
weresurprisinglydry,withneithersnow
immediatelyafter
norrain.
totakeoutandputsomethingelsein
thesameplace(usuallysomething
Becausewedidn'thaveany,we
worse)
substitutedthesugarwithjuice.
somethingthatgoesintheplaceof
Manycigarettesmokerswhotrytoquit
thenormalthing
usechewinggumasasubstitute.
Becauseofweatherchanges,lastyear
farmscouldn'tgrowsufficientricetofeed
enoughinamountforwhatyouneed thecountry.
tohelpsomethingcontinue,tokeep Noanimalsorplantscansustainlife
going
withoutwater.

http://toefl.magoosh.com
Word

Partof
Speech

Difficulty

theory

noun

common

tradition

noun

medium

Definition
anideaorbeliefabouthow/why
somethingworks
asetofbeliefsoraculturethatis
passedfromfamilytofamilyovera
longperiodoftime

easy

trend

verb
noun
verb

common

topassfromonepersonorthingto
another
thedirectionorwayinwhich
somethingischanging

underlying

adjective

hard

formingthebasisforsomething

valid

adjective

hard

vary

verb

medium

fromareasonableorcorrectbasis
tobeadifferentsize,amount,or
characterwhencomparedto
somethingelseinasimilargroup

transfer

welfare

noun

hard

whereas

conjunction common

howhealthyandhappyapersonor
groupis
although(usedtocontrasttwo
differentthings)

ExampleSentence
Therearemanytheoriesaboutwhywe
dream.
Chris'sfavoritetraditioniseatinghamon
Christmas.
Sallytransferredallofhermoneyfrom
AmericanNationalBankwhensheheard
theywereclosing.
Today'scomputercultureistrending
towardmoretouchscreentechnology.
Thereisnosinglewaytoputanendto
drugaddictionsincetherearemany
underlyingcauses.
ManypeoplehavesaidtheartistJackson
Pollack'sworkdidn'trequiremuchskill,
andthatideaissomewhatvalid.
Therestaurantsinthisareavarygreatlyin
quantityandprice.
Aperfectgovernmentwouldcaremore
aboutthewelfareofitspeoplethan
anythingelse.
Lemonsareverysourwhereasmostfruits
aresweet.

AdditionalResources:
MagooshTOEFLOnlineFlashcards
:Includesallthewordslistedabove.Alsoavailableasappsfor
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MagooshTOEFLBlog
MagooshTOEFLOnlinePrep
:Lessonvideosandpracticequestionswithvideoexplanations
MagooshTOEFLYouTubeChannel

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