Sharanpreet

Volume-8, Number-2 Jan-Jun 2015 pp.
36-38
Overview on GPS-GSM Technologies used in

Vehicle Tracking
Sharanpreet Kaur, Dr. Dheerendra Singh
Shaheed Udham Singh College of Engg, Tangori,Mohali, Punjab, India
sony.uppal.uppal@gmail.com, professordsingh@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
A GPS-GSM based vehicle tracking system is a device installed in a vehicle to enable the owner to track the vehicle location.
GPS-GSM Based Vehicle Tracking System which created many wonders in the security of the vehicle. The system uses
geographic position and time information from the Global Positioning Satellites. The system has an "On-Board Module"
which resides in the vehicle to be tracked. The use of GSM and GPS technologies allows the system to track object and
provides the most up-to-date information about ongoing trips. It can provide real time control. This system finds its
application in real time traffic surveillance. During object motion, its Location can be reported by SMS message. A software
package is developed to read, process, analyse and store the incoming SMS Messages. If our vehicle will go in border area
then here will be the problem of range at that time the tracker will not work so Memory Card functionality used in it. If the
vehicle will go in border area it will work it save all dimensions in memory card and when vehicle come in range it store all
data and see where our vehicle will go.
Keywords: GPS, GSM, Vehicle tracking, Microcontroller, Memory Card.
1. INTRODUCTION
This new technology, popularly called GPS-GSM
Based Vehicle Tracking System which created many
wonders in the security of the vehicle. This hardware
is fitted on to the vehicle in such a manner that it is not
visible to anyone.
Vehicle tracking system main aim is to give Security
to all vehicles. The GPS are highly useful now a day,
this system enables the owner to observe and track
vehicle and find out vehicle movement. When large
object or vehicles were spread out over ground, the
owner corporations often found it difficult to keep
track of what was happening.
The system uses geographic position and time
information from the Global Positioning Satellites.
The system has an "On-Board Module" which resides
in the vehicle to be tracked.
It can provide tele-monitoring and management
system for inter-cities transportation vehicles such as
taxis and buses. During vehicle motion, its real-time
parameters such as location are reported by SMS
message. The system takes advantage of wireless
technology in providing powerful Management
transportation engine. The use of GSM and GPS
technologies allows the system to track vehicle and
provides the most up-to-date information about
ongoing Trips.
This system finds its application in real time traffic
Surveillance. This project includes various features
like Ingenuity, simplicity of design and easy
implementation. It is completely integrated so that
once it is implemented in all vehicles, then it is easy to
track vehicle any time.
It has longer life, easy operations, easy installation,
stylish design, and user friendly and hires performance.
It reduces unauthorized vehicle use.
2. RELATED WORK
Hossam Abdel Rahman Mohamed evolution which
occurred in digital systems favoured the appearance of
new services to be applied in railways. Radio
communications played an important role in the
management, exploration, and maintenance of railway
transports. Due to the vital importance of security, the
track-to-train communications system is studied in
depth, with significant changes through the integration
in its operation of the global system for mobile
communication and global positioning systems. This
paper has proposed the implementation of a global
positioning system (GPS) based train monitoring
system that could locate a train at every instant. Here a
GPSGPRS module transmits the location information
to a web server. The paper also presents a low-budget
system to track the trains inside tunnels. The paper
presents a solution implemented at Egyptian National
railways, to provide an intelligent train tracking and
management system to improve the existing railway
transport service.[1]
Kunal Maurya, Mandeep Singh , Neelu Jain a
vehicle tracking system is an electronic device
installed in a vehicle to enable the owner or a third
party to track the vehicle's location. This paper
proposed to design a vehicle tracking system that
works using GPS and GSM technology, which would
be the cheapest source of vehicle tracking and it would
work as anti-theft system. For doing so an AT89C51
microcontroller is interfaced serially to a GSM
Modem and GPS Receiver. A GSM modem is used to
send the position (Latitude and Longitude) of the
vehicle from a remote place. The GPS modem will
continuously give the data i.e. the latitude and
Volume-8, Number-2 Jan-Jun 2015 pp. 36-38
longitude indicating the position of the vehicle. The

same data is sent to the mobile at the other end from
where the position of the vehicle is demanded. When
the request by user is sent to the number at the GSM
modem, the system automatically sends a return reply
to that mobile indicating the position of the vehicle in
terms of latitude and longitude in real time.[7]
Jalil Ghahramani1, Masoud Sabaghi, Hamed
Shams Oskouie introduced the principles of satellite
navigation, an instrument designed to indicate the
communication satellite positioning GPS, time,
location and speed on the internal flash memory stores.
These coordinates are time stamped, accessed by the
microcontroller and sent to predetermine mobile
phones via the GSM network. This paper proposes an
anti-theft system to ensure car owners for avoiding car
theft and finding car location after stealing, and a
vehicle tracking system that works using GPS and
GSM technology. The remote module has a GPS
mounted on the moving vehicle to identify its current
position, and to be transferred by GSM with other
parameters acquired by the automobiles data port as
an SMS to a recipient station.[9]
Saed Tarapiah, Shadi Atalla, Rajaa AbuHania this
context, we propose the implementation of a smart
onboard GPS/GPRS system to be attached to vehicles
for monitoring and controlling their speed. In case of
traffic speed violation, a GPRS message containing
information about the vehicle such as location and
maximum speed is sent to a hosting server located in
an authorized office so that the violated vehicle is
ticketed. Also geo-casting can have a major role in
this model. Some sensors, such as shock/vibration
sensor usually attached to the air-bags in vehicles, are
attached to the system that in case of accident, it will
send notifications to the nearest hospital, police station
and civil defense. Our proposed model can be utilized
for different implementations, both in public and
private sectors. While similar existing systems in
Palestine have focalized just on the tracking aspect of
vehicles monitoring, it would be the first system
supporting both ticketing and tracking.[4]
3. RELATED TECHNOLOGIES
I. GPS
The GPS is the fully functional GNSS. GPS receiver
receives the signals from three satellites to calculate
distance and uses a triangulation technique to compute
its two dimension (latitude and longitude) position or
at least four satellites to compute its three dimension
(latitude, longitude and altitude) position.
The GPS is a satellite-based navigation system made
up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the
U.S. Department of Defense. GPS was originally
intended for military applications, but in the 1980s,
the government made the system available for civilian
use. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere

in the world, 24 hours a day. There are no subscription
fees or setup charges to use GPS.[3]
GPS satellites circle the earth twice a day in a very
precise. Orbit and transmit signal information to earth.
GPS receivers take this information and use
triangulation to calculate the user's exact location.[3]
Figure-1 GPS
II.GSM
GSM is the worlds most popular mobile telephone
system. 80 percentages of mobile operators use this
standard, providing services to over 1.5 billion people
across more than 212 countries. GSM is a TDMA [5]
based wireless network technology developed in
Europe that is used throughout most of the world.
GSM phones make use of a SIM card to identify the
user's account. The use of the SIM card allows GSM
network users to quickly move their phone number
from one GSM phone to another by simply moving
the SIM card.
Figure-2 GSM
III. Microcontroller
A smaller computer chip RAM, ROM, Input/output
ports. Example PIC perfectly fits many uses, from
automotive industries and controlling home appliances
to industrial, remote sensors, electrical door locks and
safety devices. It is also ideal for smart cards as well
as for battery supplied devices of its low consumption
EEPROM memory makes it easier to apply
microcontrollers to devices where permanent storage
of various parameters needed.
Figure-3 Microcontroller
Volume-8, Number-2 Jan-Jun 2015 pp. 36-38
IV. LCD
LCD is the display device and it has yellow
background light. This LCD is connected to
microcontroller.
The author is highly grateful to Dr. Manjit Singh Grewal,

Director Shaheed Udham Singh College of Engineering and
Technology (SUSCET), Tangori (Mohali), for providing this
opportunity to carry out the present thesis work. I would
like to express a deep sense of gratitude and thanks
profusely to my Supervisor Dr. Dheerendra Singh, Professor
and Head, Department of Computer Science & Engineering,.
Without the wise counsel and able guidance, it would have
been impossible to complete the thesis in this manner. I
express gratitude to other faculty members of Department of
CSE, for their intellectual support throughout the course of
this work.
6.
Figure-4 LCD
V. MAX232 IC
The MAX232 is an IC, first created in 1987 by Maxim
Integrated Products, that converts signals from an RS232 serial port to signals suitable for use in TTL
compatible digital logic circuits. The MAX232is a
dual driver/receiver and typically converts the RX, TX,
CTS and RTS signals.
Figure-5 MAX232IC
4.
PROBLEM
FORMUALTION
AND
OBEJECTIVES
For reaching to the objectives and problem definition,
different research papers on GPS-GSM vehicle
tracking system were reviewed. During the survey, it
has been observed that most of the research has been
to track the system and pick the data throw GSM and
show message but if our vehicle will go in border area
then here will be the problem of range at that time the
tracker will not work so Memory Card functionality
used in it. If the vehicle will go in border area it will
work it save all dimensions in memory card and when
vehicle come in range show all the dimensions by
message. It displays all the messages in serial order i.e.
one by one. So the main objectives are:
I) to track the vehicle's location
II) To provide real time vehicle location, and reporting.
III) To provide its real-time parameters such as
location are reported by SMS message
IV) To provides the most up-to-date information about
ongoing Trips.
V) If our vehicle in border area where range will not
come its difficult to track the vehicle here memory
card functionality is used in it. All the dimensions are
stored in the memory card and when our vehicle come
in range it shows all the dimensions.
5.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
[1][March 2014], Hossam Abdel Rahman Mohamed,A

Proposed Model for Radio Frequency Systems to
Tracking Trains via GPS, I.J. Intelligent Systems and
Applications.
[2][9 Oct, 2013], IEETimes. How does a GPS tracking
system work? 2013. [Online] Available at:
http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1278363
[3] http://www8.garmin.com/aboutGPS/
[4] [20 Nov 2013], S.Tarapiah, R. AbuHania, I. Hindi, D.
Jamal. Applying Web Based GPS/GPRS Ticketing and
Tracking Mechanism to Reduce Traffic Violation in
Developing Countries. [Online] Available at:
http://sdiwc.net/digital-library/applying-web-basedpsgprs-ticketing-and-tracking-mechanism-to-reduce-trafficviolation-in-developing-countries.html
[5]http://www8.garmin.com/aboutGPS/
[6] [Feb. 2012], Ali Rahnamei, Farnood Khoshnevis, Mina
Vajdi, Payam Farhadi, A Design for CAR Anti-Theft
System using Cell Phone, International Journal of
Advanced Scientific and Technical Research
[7] [2012], Kunal Maurya, Mandeep Singh, Neelu Jain,
Real Time Vehicle Tracking System using GSM and
GPS Technology an Anti-theft Tracking System,
International Journal of Electronics and Computer
Science Engineering- IJECSE, Vol.
[8]http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definition/
GSM
[9] [November 2012], Jalil Ghahramani, Masoud Sabaghi,
Hamed Shams Oskouie, Design an Intelligent
Monitoring for Anti-Theft System Using GPS/GSM,
Indian Journal of Engineering, Volume 1, Number 1.
[10][2011], L. Klozar, J. Prokopec and O.
Kaller, Multislope Channel Model Optimization
Processing. In 19th Proceedings of Technical
Computing Prague 2011.pp. 66-66.
[11] [Oct. 2011], Francis Enejo Idachaba, Design of a
GPS/GSM Based Tracker for the Location of Stolen
Items and Kidnapped or Missing Persons in Nigeria,
ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,
Vol. 6, No. 10, , 56-60
[12] [Dec. 2011], Mohammad A. Al-Khedher, Hybrid
GPS-GSM Localization of Automobile Tracking
System, International Journal of Computer Science &
Information Technology (IJCSIT), Vol. 3, No. 6, 75-85.
[13] [Mar. 2009,], Xiao Yinghui, Ou Yangjun, Research
and Design Intelligent Vehicle Anti-theft Alarm System
Based on More Integration of Information Technology,
Computer & Digital Engineering, Jiangxi Science, Vol.
37(3), 114-116.

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Volume-8, Number-2 Jan-Jun 2015 pp.

Overview on GPS-GSM Technologies used in

Volume-8, Number-2 Jan-Jun 2015 pp. 36-38

longitude indicating the position of the vehicle. The

use. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere

Volume-8, Number-2 Jan-Jun 2015 pp. 36-38

The author is highly grateful to Dr. Manjit Singh Grewal,

[1][March 2014], Hossam Abdel Rahman Mohamed,A

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