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R RS" LL-. CiR

First LL. B.
Semester I
(FIRST LL.B. MONSOON SEMESTER)

1) CORE COURSE 101 || Law of Tort including MV Accident And

Consumer Protection Laws

2) CORE COURSE 102] Criminal Law Paper I (General Principies of

Penal Law)

3) CORE COURSE 103 Criminal Law Paper II (Specific Offences)

4) CORE COURSE 104 Law of Contract
5) CORE COURSE 105 || Special Contract
6) FOUNDATION 106 F Constitutional History of India
7) SOFT SKILL 407 K Use of Law Journals and Legal Software

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CORE COURSE 101
LAW OF TORT INCLUDING MV ACCIDENY AND CONSUMER
PROTECTION LAWS
Objectives of the Course :
With rapid industrialization, tort action came to used against
manufacturers and industrial unit for products injurious to human
beings. Presently the emphasis is on extending the principles not
only to acts, which are harmful, but also to failure to comply with
standards that are continuously changing due to advancement in
science and technology. Product liability is now assuming a new
dimension in developed economics.
In modern era of consumer concern of goods and services, the law
of torts has an added significance with this forage into the emerging
law of consumer protection. It operates in disputes relating to the
quality of goods supplied and services rendered and in those areas
relating to damage suffered by consumers. The law relating to
consumer protection, lying scattered in myriad provisions of various
legislation and judicial decisions in India, so connected with the
human right for a healthy life and environment, has now a core
subject to be taught as an indispensable part of a socially relevant
curriculum. The provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act relating to
payment of compensation in case of hit and run accidents and
compulsory third party insurance are also included in this paper.
Syllabus :

1) General Principles of Tort

1.1)

Tort : Definition, Distinction from Crime, Breach of Contract

etc., Nature, Scope and object of Tort, who may sue? Who may not
be sued 2
1.2)

Damnum sine Injuria, Injuria Sine Demnumn.

1.3)

Volenti non fit Injuria, ubi jus ibi remedium

1.4)

Vicarious Liability : Basis, scope, Justification, Different types

1.5)

Extinguishment of Liability in Tort

1.6)

Justification in Tort, defences to the defendants

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2) Torts against person, property, Freedom & Reputation

2.1)

Trespass to person : Assault, Battery, Mayhem, False

Imprisonment
2.2)

Torts affecting Property (Movable & Immovable) : Trespass,

Traspass ab initio etc.

2.3)

Torts related to Reputation (Defamation) & personal relations

2.4)

Torts affecting person & Property : Nuisance, Negligence,

Fraud
2.5)

Third party liability of owner under the Motor Vehicles Act

3) Principles of Liability in Torts and Legal Remedies

3.1)

Principle of Strict Liability: Ryland V. Fletcher case with

exceptions
3.2)

Principle of Absolute Liability ; Bhopal Gas Disaster case and

Shree Ram Food Gas Leakage case

3.3)

Remoteness of damage foresee ability and directness

Injunction Specific restitution of property

3.4)

Extra-legal remedies self-help, re-entry on land, re-caption

of goods, distress damage feasant

4) Concept of Consumer & Consumer Protection Act

4.1)

Consumer : Definition,

4.2)

Services : Types of services, Deficiency- meaning,

4.3)

Commercial & Professional Services, Medical Services

4.4)

Denial of Services

4.5)

Consumer Protection Councils

4.6)

Consumer Disputes Redressal Agencies : District Forum, State

Commission & National Commission, Judicial Review

Suggested Reading

Salmond and Heuston On the Law of Torts, Universal, Delhi

D.D. Basu. The Law of Torts, Kamal, Calcutta. D. M.

Gandhi Law of Tort Eastern, Lucknow

P.S. Achuthan Pillai, The Law of Torts, Eastern, Lacknow

Ratanlal & Dhirajlal. The Law of Torts, Universla, Dehi.

Winfield and Jolowiz on Torts, Sweet and Maxwell, London.

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Saraf, D. N. Law of Consumer Protection in India, Tripathi, Bomaby.
Avtar Singh. The Law of Consumer Protection, Principles and
Practice, Eastern Book Co. Lucknow.

J. N. Barowalia, Commentary on Consumer Protection Act, 1986,

Universal Delhi.

P. K. Majundar, The Law of Consumer Protection in India, Orient

Publishing Co. New Delhi.

R.M. Vats, Consumer and the Law, Universal, Delhi. Winfield and

Jolowiz on Tort, Sweet and Maxwell London.

Saraf, D. n. Law of Consumer Protection In India, Tripathi, Bombay.

Avtar Singh, The Law of Consumer Protection Principles and
Practice, Eastern Book Co. Lucknow

J. N. Barowalia, Commentary on Consumer Protection Act, 1986,

Universal Delhi.

P. K. Majundar. The law of Consumer Protection. In India, Orient

Publishing Co . New Delhi.

R. M. Vats, Consumer and the Law, Universal, Delhi.

Motor Vehicles Act, 1988: Eastern Book Company

A. P. Mathurs Law Relating to Motor Vehicles : Eastern Book

Company (Revised by Justice G. C. Mathur(Retd.))
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Core Course 102
CRIMINAL LAW PAPER I
(GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CRIMINAL LAW)
Objective of the course :
The Indian Society has changed very rapidly since independence. A
proper understanding of crimes, methods of controlling them and
the socio-economic and political reasons for their existence is now
extremely important in the larger context of Indias development . If
students are to use their knowledge and skills to build a just and
humane society. The curriculum outlined here attempts to bring in
these new perspectives.

1) General:
1.1)

Conception of Crime, Stages of Crime, (including Section

511)Mens Rea
1.2)

Applicability of the Indian Penal Code : Intra-Territorial

Jurisdiction and Extra-Territorial Jurisdiction 1.3)

General Explanations : Public Servant, Wrongful Gain,

Wrongful Loss, Valuable Security, Harbour

1.4)

Group Liability

1.4.1)

Common Intention

1.4.2)

Criminal Conspiracy

1.5)

Abetment

2) Punishments
2.1)

Theories of punishment

2.2)

Kinds of Punishment :

2.2.1)

Death Sentence : Constitutionality & Judicial Approach

2.2.2)

Life Imprisonment

2.2.3)

Imprisonment : Simple and Rigorous, Solitary

Confinement
2.2.4)

Forfeiture of Property

2.2.5)

Fine : Rules imposing fine

2.3)

Discretion in awarding punishment

3) General Defenses :
3.1)

Mental Incapacity, Minority, involuntary intoxication and

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Insanity as a defence
3.2)

Right of Private Defence : Justification and limits

3.3)

When private defence extends to causing of death to protect

body and property ?

3.4)

Necessity

3.5)

Mistake of facts

4) Offences Relating to Public Tranquality:

4.1)

Unlawful Assembly

4.2)

Rioting

4.3)

Affray

4.4)

Common Object

4.5)

Distinction between Common Object & Common Intention

5) Offences against State, giving of false evidence, etc.:

5.1)

Offences against State :

5.1.1)

Wagging war against the Government of India etc.

5.1.2)

Sedition

5.2)

Giving/fabricating false evidences : Offences & Punishment

5.3)

Offences relating to election

5.4)

Offences by or against Public Servants

Suggested Reading :

Kennys Outlines of Criminal Law Universal Law Publishing Co.

Russell on Crime Universal Law Publishing Co. (2 Volumes)

K. D. Gaur, Criminal Law Cases and Materials, Butterworths, India

Ratanlal & Dhirajlal's Indian Penal Code Butterworths Wadhwa,

Nagpur K. D. Gaur, A text Book on the Indian Penal Code, Universal
Delhi.

P. S. Achuthan Pillai, Criminal Law Eastern Book Co.,

B. M. Gandhi, Indian Penal Code, Eastern Book Co,

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Core Course 103
CRIMINAL LAW PAPER II
(SPECIFIC OFFENCES)
SYLLABUS :

1) Offences against Human Body I

1.1)

Culpable Homicide

1.2)

Murder :

1.2.1)

Ingredients and exceptions

1.2.2)

Distinction between Culpable Homicide and Murder

1.3)

When Culpable Homicide is Murder 2

1.4)

Suicide : Attempt punishable as offence & its Constitutionality

2) Offences against Human Body II

2.1)

Hurt, Grievous Hurt

2.2)

Criminal Force, Wrongful Restraint, Wrongful Confinement

2.3)

Kidnapping : Types, Abduction

2.4)

Causing death by rash or negligent Act

2.5)

Death caused by consent of the deceased euthanasia and

surgical operation: Constitutionality

3) Offences against Property, Defamation & Miscellaneous

offences:
3.1)

Theft & Extortion, Robbery and Dacoity, Distinction between

them, receiving and disposing of Stolen Prooperty & other related

offences
3.2)

Criminal Misappropriation, Criminal Breach of Trust, Mischief

3.3)

Cheating : Types, Forgery and Making false documents

3.4)

Defamation : Exceptions

3.5)

Criminal Intimidation

4) Offences against Women

4.1)

Rape : Custodial Rape, Relevancy of Consent,

4.2)

Intercourse by man with his wife : When Rape, Un-natural

offence
4.3)

Dowry Death, Cruelty by Husband or Relatives of Husband

4.4)

Offences relating to marriage

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4.5)

Outraging modesty and annoyance of woman

Suggested Reading :

Kenny's Outlines of Criminal Law Universal Law Publishing Co.

Russell on Crime Universal Law Publishing Co. (2 Volumes)

K. D. Gaur, Criminal Law Cases and Materials, Butterworths, India

Ratanlal & Dhirajlals Indian Penal Code Butterworths Wadhwa,

Nagpur

K. D. Gaur, A text Book on the Indian Penal Code, Universal Delhi.

P. S. Achuthan Pillai, Criminal Law Eastern Book Co.,

B. M. Gandhi, Indian Penal Code, Eastern Book Co,

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CORE COURSE 104
LAW OF CONTRACT
Objectives of the course:
Every man in his day to day life from dawn to dusk makes a variety
of contracts, Mans contract making activities increase with the
increasing trade, commerce and industry. In a way living in a
modern society would be impossible if the law did not recognize this
contract making power of person. This prompted Roscoe Pound to
make his celebrated observation: Wealth, in a commercial age, is
made up largely of promises. In this sense India is also a
Promissory Society.
The conferment and protection by the law of this contract making
power of person gives them a considerable leeway to strike best
bargain for the contract making person. In a way they are permitted
to regulate and define their relations in a best possible manner they
chose. However, the contours of contractual relations in a feudal,
colonial and capitalist society of pre-independence India cannot
necessarily be the same in an independent and developing Indian
society. Whatever may be the nature of a given society, the
contractual relations as are obtained in that society, are governed
by certain principles which are more or less of a general and basic
nature. In India these general principles are enacted in the form of
the Indian Contract Act, 1972.
This course is designed to acquaint a student with the conceptual
and operational parameters of these various general principles of
contractual relations.
Specific enforcement of contract is an important aspect of the law of
contracts. Analysis of the kinds of contracts that can be specifically
enforced and the methods of enforcement forms a significant
segment of this study.
SYLLABUS :

1) General Principles of Law of contract:

1.1)

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Agreement and contract definitions, elements and kinds

Proposal, Communication and revocation proposal and invitation

for proposal floating offers
1.2)

Acceptance their various forms, essential elements

1.3)

Consideration its need, meaning, kinds, essential elements

1.4)

Capacity to Contract

2) Capacity to contract & Free Consent:

2.1)

Minor, Age of Majority, Nature of minors agreement & effects

thereof. Accessories supplied to a minor, Agreement beneficial and

detrimental to a minor
2.2)

Free consent -its need and definition, Effects of force, coercion

& undue influence on contract

2.3)

Mistake : definition kinds- fundamental error mistake of law

and of fact their effects

2.4)

Legality of objects :

2.4.1)

Unlawful Agreements: Kinds and effects thereof

2.4.2)

Void Agreements, Uncertain Agreements, wagering

Agreements, Illegal & Void Agreements

3) Discharge of Contract & Quasi-Contracts :

3.1)

Various modes of discharge of contract and effects thereof

3.2)

Anticipatory Breach of Contract

3.3)

Impossibility of performance specific grounds of frustration

application to leases- theories of frustration effect of

frustration frustration and restitution, by period of limitation
3.4)

Rescission and alteration their effect- remission and waiver

of performance extension of time accord and satisfaction

3.5)

Quasi-contracts or certain relations resembling those created

by contracts, Quantum Meruit

4) Specific Relief Act

4.1)

Persons against whom specific enforcement can be ordered

4.2)

Rescission and cancellation

4.3)

Injunction : Temporary and Perpetual

4.4)

Declaratory orders

4.5)

Discretion and power of court

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Suggested Reading

Beasten (Ed), Ansons Law of Contract P. S. Atiya, Introduction to

the Law of Contract (Claredon Law Series) Avtar Singh, Law of
Contract, Eastern Lucknow G. C. Cheshire, and H. S. Fifoot and M.
P. Formston Law Contract ELBS with

Butterworths.

M. Krishnan Nair, Law of Contract,

G.H. Trinel, Law of Contract Sweet & Maxwell

R.K. Abichandani (ed), Pollock and Mulla on the Indian contract and
the Specific Relief Act, Butterworths Publication

Benerjee S.C. Law of Specific Relief, Universal

Anson, Law of Contract, Universal

Dutt on Contract, Universal

Anand and Aiyer, Law of Specific Relief, Universal.

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CORE COURSE 105
SPECIAL CONTRACT
Objectives of course :
This course is to be taught after the students have been made
familiar with the general principles of contract in which the
emphases is on understanding and appreciating the basic essentials
of valid contract and on the existence of contractual relationship in
various instances. Obviously a course on special contracts should
initiate the students to different kinds of contracts with emphasis on
the intricacies therein. This course also should provide an insight
into the justification for special statutory provisions for certain kinds
of contracts.
SYLLABUS :

1) Indemnity and Guarantee

1.1)

Indemnity : concept, Need for indemnity, definition

1.2)

Methods of creating indemnity obligations ..

1.3)

Commencement, Nature and extent of liability of the

indemnifier
1.4)

Situations of various type of indemnity creations, Documents/

agreements of indemnity, Nature of indemnity clauses

1.5)

Guarantee : Concept, essentials for a valid guarantee contract

1.6)

Rights & Liabilities of Surety

2) Bailment, Pledge and Agency:

2.1)

Bailment : Essential Features, Rights & duties of Bailor &

Bailee
2.2)

Pledge : Definition Righes and duties of Pawnee, who can

pledge?
2.3)

Agency :

2.3.1)

Definition, Essentials, kinds of agents, creation of

Agency
2.3.2)

Relations of Principal and Agent : Rights and duties of

Agent
2.3.3)

Relations of Principal with Third Parties

2.3.4)

Methods of termination of Agency Contract

2.3.5)

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Liabilities of Principal and Agent before and after

termination of Agency Contract

3) Sale of Goods Act :

3.1)

Contract of sale : Concept, Essentials, Implied Terms

3.2)

Rule of Caveat Emptor

3.3)

Conditions and Warrantees

3.4)

Transfer of title and passing of risk

3.5)

various rules regarding delivery of goods

3.6)

Unpaid Seller and his rights

4) Partnership Act:
4.1)

Partnership : Nature, scope Definition, Kinds of Partnership

4.2)

Rights and dutics of Partners, Liabilities of Partners

4.3)

Registration of Firm, Effect of non-Registration

4.4)

Dissolution offirm and its effects

4.5)

Liability of Partners under the Limited Liability Partnership Act

Suggested Reading

Beasten (Ed), Ansons Law of Contract

P. S. Atiya, Introduction to the Law of Contract (Claredon Law

Series)

Avtar Singh, Law of Contract, Eastern Lucknow

G. C. Cheshire, and H. S. Fifoot and M. P. Formston Law Contract

ELBS with Butterworths. -

M. Krishnan Nair, Law of Contract,

G.H. Trinel, Law of Contract Sweet & Maxwell

R.K. Abichandani (ed), Pollock and Mulla on the Indian contract and
the Specific Relief Act, Butterworths Publication

Benerjee S.C. Law of Specific Relief, Universal

Anson, Law of Contract, Universal

Dutt on Contract, Universal

Anand and Aiyer, Law of Specific Relief, Universal.

Pollok and Mulla, Partnership Act, Butterworths Publication

Mulla on Sale of Goods Act

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Page - 14 of 17
FOUNDATION 106 F
CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF INDIA

1) Constitutional History of India

1.1)

Fourth Law Commissions Recommendations regarding

Independence
1.2)

Simon Commission Report

1.3)

1.3 Motilal Nehru Report on Simon Commission

1.4)

1.4 Muslim League Demand and Poona Pact, 1932 (Communal

Award)
1.5)

Government of India Act, 1935:

1.5.1)

Federal Government

1.5.2)

Federal Court

1.5.3)

Provincial Autonomy

1.5.4)

Provincial Government

1.5.5)

All India Federation

1.5.6)

Dyarchy at the Center

1.5.7)

Federal Legislature - Provincial Legislature

1.5.8)

Distribution of Power between center and provinces

1.5.9)

Special Provisions for Minority

1.5.10)

Abolition of Indian Council

2) Important Constitutional Developments before framing of

Constitution of India : 2.1)

Round Table Conferences -

2.2)

The Cripps Mission, 1942

2.3)

Cabinet Mission

2.4)

C. Rajagopalacharis Formula, 1944

2.5)

Wavell Plan and Simla Conference, 1945

2.6)

Attlees Statement (1947)

2.7)

Mountbatten Plan, 1947

3) Committees to draft the Constitution of India

3.1)

Framing of the Constitution of India

3.2)

Constituent Assembly, Chairman, members and their

contribution
3.3)

Drafting Committee, Chairman, members and their

contribution,

3.4)

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Final Draft and adoption of the Constitution of India

3.5)

Indian Independence Act, 1947: Main Features

Suggested Reading

D. D. Basu : Introduction to the Constitution of India

G. N. Singh : Landmark in Indian Constitutional & National

Development V. D. Kulshreshthas Landmarks in Indian Legal &
Constitutional History, Eastern Book Co. J. N. Pandey: Constitutional
Law of India

Keith : Constitutional History in India

M. P. Jain : Indian Constitutional Law

M. V. Pylee : Constitutional History of India

Shiva Rao ; Framing of the Constitution of India (Vols. 1-4)

V. N. Shukla : Constitution of India

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Page - 16 of 17
SOFT SKILL 107 K
Use of Law Journals and Legal Software
Objectives of the Course :
The purpose behind introduction of this course is to provide the law
students basic information about various Indian and Foreign Law
Journals and make them acquaint with the use thereof. An art to
find out the judgments supporting a legal issue will be taught to the
student. After having acquired basic knowledge, by continuous
practice, students are expected to know how to read and interpret
the judgments of court. In the era of ICT, knowledge of Legal
Software and use thereof has become inevitable. In this course,
with the theoretical background, the students will become familiar
about the use of legal software and its application at the library or
at the office of a law firm.
Note: While teaching the subject, the college may select any one of the
various well known legal software for providing the information to the
students.

1) Requirements of Legal Journalism & Basic about Law Journals

1.1)

Code of Ethics of Legal Journalism (Adopted at the Stockholm

Symposiums, 1991) 1.2)

Legal Reasoning : meaning, nature application and

Importance
1.3)

Importance of Law Journals in the legal profession :

1.3.1)

Importance of Legal Articles

1.3.2)

Importance of criticism and analysis of judgments

1.4)

Information about new Bills and Legislations from Law

Journals
1.5)

International and Foreign Law Journals : its importance in

India
1.6)

Kinds of International & Foreign Law Journals:

1.6.1)

All England Reports

1.6.2)

Halsbury's Laws of England

2) Use of Law Journals and importance thereof

2.1)

Format of Law Journals

Page - 17 of 17
2.2)

Types of Law Journals

2.3)

Art of finding relevant judgments from Law Journals

2.4)

How to read a Judgment : Significance of Minority and

Majority views

3) Legal Software : General Information and use :

3.1)

Various types of Legal Softwares :

3.1.1)

General Information about Legal Software

3.1.2)

Characteristics and features of various Legal Software

3.1.3)

Legal Software : Operating System, Utility Programme,

upgradation & Installation, Dongle Lock Facility in Legal

Software
3.1.4)

Various Options available for searching judgments from

Legal Software
3.1.5)

Options to find out relied and overruled judgments from

legal software
3.2)

Court Cases :

3.2.1)

Commenting and Reporting of Judgments

3.2.2)

Crime Reporting

Suggested Reading

Nandan Kamath - Law Relating to Computers and Internet,

Universal Law Publishing Co. -

Allan M. Gahten :- Internet : Law and Legal Profession Kant D.

Stuckey - Internet and online law

Michoel D. Rostoker - Computer Jurisprudence and Legal Responses

to the Information

Revolution

Rega Rao - Use of computer, Interned for Law students & Legal
Profession (Asia Law Book House, Hyderabad)

Baxi Upendra :- Legal Education in 1St Century