FORM 5 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS

ANNUAL SCHEME OF WORK

1. PROGRESSIONS
Month /
Week

Learning
Objectives

3W

1. Understand
and use the
concept of
arithmetic
progression.

JAN
W1-2

JAN
W2-3

Learning Outcomes
1.1

Identify characteristics of arithmetic progressions.

1.2

Determine whether a given sequence is an arithmetic progression.

1.3

Determine by using formula:

a) specific terms in arithmetic progressions;
b) the number of terms in arithmetic progressions.

1.4

Find:

Points To Note
Begin with sequences to introduce
arithmetic and geometric progressions.
Include examples in algebraic form.

Include the use of the formula

Tn S n S n 1

a)

the sum of the first n terms of arithmetic progressions.

b)

the sum of a specific number of consecutive terms of arithmetic

progressions.

c)

the value of n, given the sum of the first n terms of arithmetic

progressions.

1.5

Solve problems involving arithmetic progressions.

2.1
2.2
2.3

Identify characteristics of geometric progressions.

Determine whether a given sequence is a geometric progression.
Determine by using formula:

Include problems involving real-life

situations.

a) specific terms in
geometric progressions,
b) the number of terms in
geometric progressions.
2.4

2.5

Find:
a) the sum of the first n terms of
of geometric progressions;
b)

the sum of a specific number of consecutive terms of geometric

progressions.

c)

the value of n, given the sum of the first n terms of geometric

progressions.

Find:
a)
b)

Discuss:

n ,r 0

the sum to infinity of geometric progressions.

As

the first term or common ratio, given the sum to infinity of geometric
progressions.

S read as sum to infinity.

then Sa =

1r

Include recurring decimals. Limit to 2

recurring digits such as 0.

3,

. .

2.6

Solve problems involving geometric progressions.

0.15 ,
Exclude:
a)
combination of arithmetic
progressions and geometric
progressions.
b) cumulative
sequences such as,
(1), (2,3), (4,5,6),
(7,8,9,10),

2. LINEAR LAW
3W

JAN
W4-5

FEB
W1

1.
Understand and
use the concept
of lines of best
fit.

1.1

Draw lines of best fit by inspection of given data.

1.2

Write equations for lines of best fit.

1.3

Determine values of variables from:

a) lines of best fit
b) equations of lines of best fit.

2. Apply
linear law to
non-linear
relations.

2.1

Reduce non-linear relations to linear form.

2.2

Determine values of constants of non-linear relations given:

a) lines of best fit
b) data.

2.3

Obtain information from:

a) lines of best fit

Limit data to linear relations between

two variables.

MAS : Students must be

able to follow instruction &
draw the line of best fit

b) equations of lines of best fit.

3. INTEGRATION
Month /
Week

Learning
Objectives

4W

1.
Understand and
use the concept
of indefinite
integral.

FEB
W2-4
Mac
W1

2.
Understand and
use the concept
of definite
integral.

Learning Outcomes
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

Determine integrals by reversing differentiation.

Determine integrals of axn, where a is a constant and n is an integer,
n 1.
Determine integrals of algebraic expressions.
Find constants of integration, c, in indefinite integrals.
Determine equations of curves from functions of gradients.

Points To Note
Emphasise constant of integration.

ydx

read as integration of y

with respect to x
Limit integration of

dx,

1.6

Determine by substitution the integrals of expressions of the form (ax + b)n,

where a and b are constants, n is an integer and
n 1.

2.1

Find definite integrals of algebraic expressions.

Include

2.2

Find areas under curves as the limit of a sum of areas.

2.3

Determine areas under curves using formula.

Derivation of formulae not required.

where u = ax + b.

a
b

2.4

kf ( x )dx k f ( x) dx

a
a

f ( x) dx f ( x) dx
b

Find volumes of revolutions when region bounded by a curve is rotated

completely about the

Limit to one curve.

a) x-axis

Derivation of formulae not required.

b) y-axis
as the limit of a sum of volumes.
2.5

Determine volumes of revolutions using formula.

Limit volumes of revolution about the

x-axis or y-axis.

8 16 MAC 2008 : MID-TERM HOLIDAYS..

4. VECTORS
Month /
Week
3W

Learning Objectives
1. Understand
and use the concept
of vector.

Learning Outcomes
1.1
1.2
1.3

MAC
W3-4
APR
W1

Differentiate between vector and scalar quantities.

Draw and label directed line segments to represent vectors.
Determine the magnitude and direction of vectors represented by directed
line segments.

1.4

Determine whether two vectors are equal.

1.5

Multiply vectors by scalars.

Points To Note
Use notations:
Vector:
~ a, AB, a, AB.
Magnitude:

|a|,~|AB|, |a|, |AB|.

~0
Zeto vector:
Emphasise that a zero vector has a
magnitude of zero.
Emphasise negative vector:

AB = BA
Include negative scalar.

1.6

Determine whether two vectors are parallel.

Include:
a)
b)

collinear points
non-parallel non-zero
vectors.
Emphasise:
~ b are not parallel and~ha =~ kb,
~If a and
then
h = k = 0.
2. Understand
and use the concept
of addition and
subtraction of
vectors.

2.1

Determine the resultant vector of two parallel vectors.

2.2

Determine the resultant vector of two non-parallel vectors using:

a) triangle law
b) parallelogram law.
Determine the resultant vector of three or more vectors using the polygon
law.

2.3

2.4

Subtract two vectors which are:

a)
parallel
b)
non-parallel.

2.5

Represent vectors as a combination of other vectors.

Emphasise:
~ b~= a + ~(b)
a~

2.6

Solve problems involving addition and subtraction of vectors.

Cont.. (VECTORS)
3. Understand
and use vectors in
the Cartesian plane.

Relate unit vector

~ j to Cartesian
~ i and
coordinates.
Emphasise:

3.1 Express vectors in the form:

a)~ xi~+ yj

b)

x

y

vector

vector
3.2

Determine magnitudes of vectors.

3.3

Determine unit vectors in given directions.

1
i =
0

j
~

~
3.4 Add two or more vectors.
Subtract two vectors.

3.6

Multiply vectors by scalars.

3.7

Perform combined operations on vectors.

0

1

For learning outcomes 3.2 to 3.7, all

vectors are given in the form

x

~ y

xi + yj or

3.5

and

Limit combined operations to

addition, subtraction and
multiplication of vectors by scalars.

3.8 Solve problems involving vectors.

5. TRIGONOMETRY
Month /
Week

APR
W2-4

Learning Objectives

Learning Outcomes

Points To Note

1. Understand
the concept of
positive and
negative angles
measured in degrees
and radians.

1.1

Represent in a Cartesian plane, angles greater than 360o or 2 radians for:

a) positive angles
b) negative angles.

2. Understand
and use the six
trigonometric
functions of any
angle.

2.1

Define sine, cosine and tangent of any angle in a Cartesian plane.

2.2

Define cotangent, secant and cosecant of any angle in a Cartesian plane.

2.3

Find values of the six trigonometric functions of any angle.

2.4

Solve trigonometric equations.

3.1

Draw and sketch graphs of trigonometric functions:

a) y = c + a sin bx,
b) y = c + a cos bx,
c) y = c + a tan bx
where a, b and c are constants and b > 0.

3. Understand
and use graphs of
sine, cosine and
tangent functions.

4. Understand
and use basic
identities.

5. Understand and
use
addition
formulae and
double-angle
formulae.

Use unit circle to determine the sign of

trigonometric ratios.
Emphasise:
sin = cos (90o )
cos = sin (90o )
tan = cot (90o )
cosec = sec (90o )
sec = cosec (90o )
cot = tan (90o )
Emphasise the use of triangles to find
trigonometric ratios for special angles
30o, 45o and 60o.
Use angles in
a) degrees
b) radians, in terms of .
Emphasise the characteristics of sine,
cosine and tangent graphs.
Include trigonometric functions
involving modulus.

3.2

Determine the number of solutions to a trigonometric equation using

sketched graphs.

3.3

Solve trigonometric equations using drawn graphs.

Exclude combinations of
trigonometric functions.

4.1

Basic identities are also known as

Pythagorean identities.

4.2

Prove basic identities:

a) sin2A + cos2A = 1
b) 1 + tan2A = sec2A
c) 1 + cot2A = cosec2A
Prove trigonometric identities using basic identities.

4.3

Solve trigonometric equations using basic identities.

5.1

Prove trigonometric identities using addition formulae for

cos (A B) and
tan (A B).

5.2

Derive double-angle formulae for sin 2A, cos 2A and tan 2A.

5.3

Prove trigonometric identities using addition formulae and/or double-angle

formulae.

5.4

Solve trigonometric equations.

Include learning outcomes 2.1 and 2.2.

sin (A B),

Derivation of addition formulae not

required.
Discuss half-angle formulae.

Exclude

A cosx + b sinx = c,

where c 0.

10. LINEAR PROGRAMMING

Month /
Week

Learning
Objectives

2W

1.
Understand and
use the concept
of graphs of
linear
inequalities.

MAY
W1 2

2.
Understand and
use the concept
of linear
programming.

Learning Outcomes
1.1

Identify and shade the region on the graph that satisfies a linear inequality.

1.2

Find the linear inequality that defines a shaded region.

1.3

Shade region on the graph that satisfies several linear inequalities.

1.4

Find linear inequalities that define a shaded region.

2.1

Points To Note
Emphasise the use of solid lines and
dashed lines.

Limit to regions defined by a

maximum of 3 linear inequalities (not
including the x-axis and y-axis).

Solve problems related to linear programming by:

a)

writing linear inequalities and equations describing a situation.

b)

shading the region of feasible solutions.

Optimum values refer to maximum or

minimum values.

c)

determining and drawing the objective function ax + by = k where a, b

and k are onstants.

Include the use of vertices to find the

optimum value.

d)

determining graphically the optimum value of the objective function.

MID-YEAR EXAMINATIONS
6. PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS
Month /
Week

Learning
Objectives

2W

1.
Understand and
use the concept
of permutation.

JUNE

Learning Outcomes

Points To Note
For this topic:
a)
Intro
duce the concept by using
numerical examples.
a) Calculators should only be
used after students have
understood the concept.

W2 3

Limit to 3 events.
1.1

Determine the total number of ways to perform successive events using

multiplication rule.

1.2

Determine the number of permutations of n different objects.

Exclude cases involving identical

objects.
Explain the concept of permutations
by listing all possible arrangements.
Include notations:
b)
n! =
n(n 1)(n 2)(3).(2).(1)
c) 0! = 1
n! read as n factorial.

2. Understand
and use the
concept of
combination.

1.3

Determine the number of permutations of n different objects taken r at a

time.

Exclude cases involving arrangement

of objects in a circle.

1.4

Determine the number of permutations of n different objects for given

conditions.

1.5

Determine the number of permutations of n different objects taken r at a time for

given conditions.

2.1

Determine the number of combinations of r objects chosen from n different

objects.

Explain the concept of combinations

by listing all possible selections.

2.2

Determine the number of combinations r objects chosen from n different

objects for given conditions.

Use examples to illustrate

Cr

Pr
r!

7. PROBABILITY
Month /
Week
3W
JUN
W4

Learning Objectives
1. Understand and
use the concept of
probability.

Learning Outcomes
1.1

Describe the sample space of an experiment.

1.2

Determine the number of outcomes of an event.

1.3

Determine the probability of an event.

Points To Note
Use set notations.

i.

JULY
W1-2

Discuss:
a) classical probability
(theoretical probability)
iii.
b) subjective probability
iv.
c) relative frequency
probability (experimental
probability).
ii.

Emphasise:
Only classical probability is used to solve
problems.
1.4

Determine the probability of two events:

a)
A or B occurring
b)
A and B occurring.

Emphasise:
P(A
B) = P(A)+P(B)

P(A

B)
using Venn diagrams.

2. Understand and
use the concept of
probability of mutually
exclusive events.

2.1

Determine whether two events are mutually exclusive.

Include events that are mutually exclusive

and exhaustive.

2.2

Determine the probability of two or more events that are mutually

exclusive.

Limit to three mutually exclusive events.

3. Understand and
use the concept of
probability of
independent events.

3.1

Determine whether two events are independent.

Include tree diagrams.

3.2

Determine the probability of two independent events.

3.3

Determine the probability of three independent events.

8. PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS
Month /
Week

2W

JULY

Learning
Objectives

Learning Outcomes

1.
Understand and
use the concept
of binomial
distribution.

1.1

2.
Understand and
use the concept
of normal
distribution.

Points To Note

1.2

List all possible values of a discrete random variable.

Determine the probability of an event in a binomial distribution.

1.3
1.4
1.5

Plot binomial distribution graphs.

Determine mean, variance and standard deviation of a binomial distribution.
Solve problems involving binomial distributions.

For learning outcomes 1.2 and 1.4,

derivation of formulae not required.

2.1

Describe continuous random variables using set notations.

2.2

Find probability of z-values for standard normal distribution.

Discuss characteristics of:

a) normal distribution graphs
b) standard normal distribution
graphs.

2.3

Convert random variable of normal distributions, X, to standardised

variable,Z.

Z is called standardised variable.

2.4

Represent probability of an event using set notation.

2.5

Determine probability of an event.

2.6

Solve problems involving normal distributions.

Include the characteristics of Bernoulli

trials.

W3-4

Integration of normal distribution

function to determine probability is
not required.

9. MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE

Month /
Week

Learning
Objectives

3W

1. Understand
and use
the
concept of
displacement.

JUL
W5

Learning Outcomes

1.1
1.2
1.3

Identify direction of displacement of a particle from a fixed point.

Determine displacement of a particle from a fixed point.
Determine the total distance travelled by a particle over a time interval using
graphical method.

AUG
W1-2

Points To Note
Emphasise the use of the following
symbols:
s = displacement
v = velocity
a = acceleration
t = time
where s, v and a are functions of time.
Emphasise the difference between
displacement and distance.
Discuss positive, negative and zero
displacements.
Include the use of number line.

2. Understand
and use the
concept of
velocity.

3.
Understand and
use the concept
of acceleration.

2.1

Determine velocity function of a particle by differentiation.

Emphasise velocity as the rate of change

of displacement.
Include graphs of velocity functions.

2.2

Determine instantaneous velocity of a particle.

2.3

Determine displacement of a particle from velocity function by integration.

3.1

Determine acceleration function of a particle by differentiation.

3.2

Determine instantaneous acceleration of a particle.

3.3

Determine instantaneous velocity of a particle from acceleration function by

integration.

3.4

Determine displacement of a particle from acceleration function by

integration.

3.5

Solve problems involving motion along a straight line.

Discuss:
a) uniform velocity
b) zero instantaneous
velocity
c) positive velocity
d) negative velocity.

Emphasise acceleration as the rate of

change of velocity.
Discuss:
a) uniform
acceleration
b) zero acceleration
c) positive
acceleration
d) negative
acceleration.

AUGUST - .

STRATEGIC REVISION BASED ON PAST-YEAR QUESTIONS AND JUJ QUESTIONS

SEPTEMBER

SPM TRIAL EXAMINATIONS

OCTOBER-NOVEMBER

STRATEGIC REVISION BASED ON PAST-YEAR QUESTIONS AND OTHER STATES TRIAL EXAM QUESTIONS

NOVEMBER
DECEMBER

SPM 2008

. GOOD LUCK!!!