SI PI EMI EMC ANSYS Solution PDF

ANSYS Electronic
Solutions for
SI/PI/EMI
Markus Kopp
Product Manager, Electronics
2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.
11
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
SI/PI/EMI Design Overview
Display Panel
EMI/EMC
Common mode radiation
- Differential mode radiation
-
Pwr Noise
Control IC
Driver IC
Memory
Signal
Power Integrity
PCB
Impedance
- Crosstalk
- Reflection
- Termination
- Dielectric Losses
-
Power Supplies
Switching Noise
- Impedance Profile
- Power/Gnd Plane Resonance
- Return Path discontinuities
-
Signal Integrity
Typical SI Design Flow

Integration
Geometry
Electronic Design
Environment
Data Import
(AnsoftLinks)
(Cadence, Mentor, Zuken ..)
Simulate &
Extract
Parasitics
(SIwave, HFSS, Q3D )
extracted parasitic data
Spice netlists /
S parameter
Circuit Simulation
(Ansoft Designer / Nexxim)
Verilog-A netlists
/ IBIS-AMI
ANSYS Products
for SI/PI/EMI
44
IC/Package/Board/EMI Simulation
HFSS , SIwave , DesignerSI
TM
TM
TM
Tools overview
HFSS
TM
: general purpose full-wave 3D extraction
SIwave
TM
: full-wave extraction of merged Package and Board
model
DesignerSI
TM
: schematic level design integration and

management, transient simulation.
Q3D Extractor: Quasi-static electromagnetic-field solver

AnsoftLinks : ECAD Translator
TM
HFSS
66
HFSS
HFSS High Frequency Structure Simulator
3D Volumetric Field Solver
Type: Full-Wave
Method: 3D Finite Element Method (FEM)
Mesh Element: Tetrahedron
Excitations - Port Solver

Method: 2D Finite Element Method
Mesh Process: Adaptive
Advanced Boundary Types

Radiation and Perfectly Matched Layers
Symmetry, Finite Conductivity, Infinite
Planes, RLC, and Layered Impedance
Advanced Material Types

Frequency dependent materials
Anisotropic and non-linear material
HFSS
HFSS High Frequency Structure Simulator
Frequency Sweeps
Matrix Data and Fields at every frequency in
sweep
Discrete, Fast and Interpolating sweep.
Post Processing and Report Type

SYZ parameters
Magnitude and phase for user defined ports
Field display
SPICE export
Full-Wave Spice Broadband Mode
Lumped RLC Low Frequency Model
HSPICE, PSPICE, Cadence Spectre
HFSS Design Automation
Ansoft Corporation
Parametrization, Optimization
S11 for Element 1 Parametric Sweep
isolation
0
-5
CAD interface thru AnsoftLinks

Cadence: Allegro/APD/Virtuoso
Zuken CR500
Synopsis: Encore
Mentor Graphics: Board Station/Expedition
Design/PowerPCB
dB(S(P1,P1))
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
2.0
Curve Info
dB(S(P1,P1))
Setup1 : Sweep1
extra_element_lengt
dB(S(P1,P1))
Setup1 : Sweep1
extra_element_lengt
dB(S(P1,P1))
Setup1 : Sweep1
extra_element_lengt
dB(S(P1,P1))
Setup1 : Sweep1
extra_element_lengt
dB(S(P1,P1))
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4 2.5 2.6

Freq [GHz]
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
Solving Capabilities
Multi-Processing (MP)
Distributed Solve (DSO)
High Performance Computing (HPC)
Windows/Linux 32 and 64
HFSS- THE accepted standard in

Electromagnetic Simulations
The mesh is automatically
created and adapted for
accuracy.
Create Initial
Mesh
Solve fields using the

Finite Element Method
Max(|S|)<goal?
Generate
New Mesh
no
Calculate local
Solution error
yes
Calculate broad band
s-parameters (if desired)
10
SIwave
11
11
SIwave
What is SIwave?
Hybrid 2.5D full wave EM field solver
Models layered structures
Analyses performed
Signal Integrity
Power Integrity
Electromagnetic
Compatibility/Interference
12
SIwave: DC IR Solution
Voltage Loss Distribution
Current Density Distribution
I2R Distributed heat source

Add Sources and Sinks for easy analysis
Links to ANSYS Icepak
13
SIwave: Resonant Cavity

Analysis
Eigenmode Analysis
No sources
Voltage distribution between
planes at resonance
Resonant frequency and
quality factor
Fast and easy to set up

for preliminary PDS
investigation.
14
SIwave: Frequency Sweep

Analysis
Sweep from DC
to 2 GHz
Frequency Sweep
Current or voltage sources
Voltage distribution at all desired frequencies
Voltage probes for quantitative dependence
15
SIwave Analyses
Network Analysis
PDS Impedance |Z()|
S,Y,Z Network Parameters

SPICE/IBIS Model Generation
16
SIwave: Far/Near Field Analysis

Far/Near-field Calculation
Explicit field is calculated from
SIwave solution
Far/Near-field Greens function is
used to determine fields in all
space.
|H| 3mm above board
Far-field maximum |E|
1.0E-5 A/m
1.0E-9 A/m
17
Ansoft Designer
18
18
Frequency Domain
Ansoft Designer Simulation Technology

HFSSNew
Planar EM (PEM)
Solver On Demand
3D Planar FEM
Solver On Demand
2.5D Planar MoM
Small Signal
DC/AC/Linear Network
External Solvers
HFSS/SIwave
Q3D Extractor/SI2D
Harmonic Balance
Time
Domain
Circuit
Envelope
Transient
3rd Party
Circuit Links
(Physical Design)
Nexxim Circuit Analysis
EM Analysis
Ansoft Designer Overview

Simulation Technology
HSPICENew
Solver On Demand
Dynamic Links
2-Way
Parametric Physics
based Models
Statistical/Fast
Transient
Netlist (HSPICE/Spectre),
IBIS, Verilog, C-Model, Matlab
S-Element, W-Element, AMINew
19
Ansoft Designer
Design Management Framework
Fully Integrated Design Environment
Schematic & Layout
Time and frequency domain circuit simulator
Component Libraries and Design Kits
True Co-Simulation thanks to Dynamic Links

with HFSS, SIwave, Q3D, 2D Extractor
Import data from a variety of sources
Spice netlists, S-parameters, W-elements
Analytical Models (RLC, Tline, diode )
IBIS Models
Powerfull Post-processing including signal

integrity metrics, such as SSN, SSO, TDR, BER
and eye diagrams
QuickEyeTM and VerifEyeTM
Fast convolution and statistical eye analysis of
transient solutions
IBIS- AMI (Algorithmic Modeling Interface)

20
Nexxim & Designer Applications

Signal Integrity and Timing Studies
Standard transient waveform and serial
data/clock analysis
For detailed signal paths
Comprised of cascaded BGA package

Differential signal traces (microstrip and stripline)
Fully parameterized multi-layer PCB vias
Investigate basic time-domain metrics

Voltage max and min values
Overshoot, rise time High-Speed System
Design and Analysis
System performance metrics including
Eye statistics
Inter-symbol interference (ISI)
Bit-error rate (BER)
Data recovery
Entire high-speed interconnect
21
Timimg Studies example

TDR and delay
differential
Ansoft LLC
117.50
Differential
Delay
Ansoft LLC
ANSOFT
1.50
Curve Info
Differential
ANSOFT
spacing='0.4mm'
spacing='0.5mm'
115.00
spacing='0.6mm'
spacing='0.7mm'
112.50
1.00
spacing='0.8mm'
Zdiff
Y1 [V]
110.00
107.50
0.50
105.00
0.00
102.50
Curve Info
V(In_Line_P)-V(In_Line_N)
spacing='0.6mm'
100.00
V(Out_Line_P)-V(Out_Line_N)
spacing='0.6mm'
97.50
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
-0.50
DUT
0.00
TDR
10.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
Time [ns]
Time [ns]
Name=Vexcited_pos
Name=Vdetected_pos
V
R3
R24
50
T30
0
1g
1g
R81
1
2
100
V26
V29
0
R9
R25
50
T31
0
Name=Vexcited_neg
Name=Vdetected_neg
22
Timimg Studies example

Eye Diagram, Bath Tube
BER contour
Ansoft LLC
750.00
SI_Channel_QE_VE
ANSOFT
500.00
__Amplitude [mV]
250.00
0.00
-250.00
-500.00
-750.00
-0.20
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
__UnitInterval
0.80
1.00
1.20
EYESOURCE_DIFF
R29
P03__DATA__T1
P01__DATA__T1
P02__DATAB__T1
Via_T1_1
Via_T2_1
Via_T1_2
Via_T2_2
Via_T1
Via_T2
Via_T3
Via_T4
hpad_1_1_T1
pin_1_1_T1
50
ID=22
hpad_1_2_T1
pin_1_2_T1
P04__DATAB__T1
R28
50
23
Ansoft Designer 6.0

HFSS Solver on Demand
HFSS Built Directly into Ansoft Designer
Planar ECAD interface for HFSS
RFIC Layout, Package, Printed Circuit Board
Same result as with HFSS stand-alone by design

Same mesher, same solver, same accuracy
HSPICE Solver on Demand

Synopsys HSPICE from Ansoft Designer
Run Synopsys HSPICE engine
Allow encrypted HSPICE models
Link HSPICE to Ansoft field solvers
Use Designer pre/post processing
V
data_in
clkp
clkn
Xilinx Encrypted HSPICE

Driver and Receiver Models
rec_out_p1
rec_out_p2
V
R32
R311000
RATE=data_rate
1000
V1=1.2
V2=0
V1=0
V2=1.2
Q3D Breakout
Xilinx Driver
Xilinx Receiver
HFSS Diff. Via
ECAD Design Flow

DesignerLinks (Cadence);
ODB++
Cadence, Zuken, Mentor, Altium,
24
Designer Links
Import from APD/Allegro
.mcm, .sip, .brd, .anx
Import stackup and bondwire profile (.xml file)
Setup solderball profile
Automatically port setup for pin
Design cutouts (geometry & net based)
Net selection, highlighting and coloring
Import ODB++
Common PCB Manufacturing format
Translation path for Mentor, Zuken, Cadence, Altium
25
Q3D
26
26
Q3D Extractor 3D Solver

Quasi-static electromagnetic-field solver
DC ->
Electrical Wavelength
8
Creation of equivalent circuit models

HSpice, PSpice, Spectre
Cadence DML, Intel LCF & IBIS .pkg model

Simplorer SML models
Co-simulation with Ansoft Designer and

Nexxim
Includes 2D Extractorquasi-static 2D field
solver
Import geometries from AnsoftLinks
27
Quasi-static vs. Full-wave

DC
Note: = Signal wavelength at operating frequency, i.e. 1GHz = 30 cm in air ( ~ 12 inches)
Full-wave EM analysis
Resonances with radiation
Skin Depth
E and H fields coupled
Frequency Dependent materials
Delay (Broadband model)
HFSS/SIwave
Broadband model, S-parameters
Quasi-static EM analysis
No Resonances or radiation
E and H field independent
No Delay (Lumped Model)
Q3D Extractor
Lumped Model, RLGC
<Object size>
DC
/10
28
<Wavelength>
Ansoft Q3D Extractor

Simulation Technology
Q3D Extractor Simulation Technology
Optimetrics
HPC
Q3D Extractor Desktop
Quasi--static Electromagnetics
Quasi
Boundary Element Method
Finite Element Method
Q3D Extractor
SI2D
Capacitance/Conductance
DC Resistance/Inductance
AC Resistance/Inductance
Admittance (C/G)
Impedance (R/L)
Multiprocessing
Distributed Q3D Solvers
Multiprocessing
Distributed SI2D Solvers
Parametric, Optimization, Sensitivity, Statistical

Distributed Solve Option
29
AnsoftLinks
30
30
AnsoftLinks
AnsoftLinks converts ECAD into Ansoft
format
Cadence Allegro
Cadence APD
Cadence SiP Digital/RF
Cadence Virtuoso Layout Editor
Mentor Graphics Board Station
Mentor BoardStation XE/RE
Mentor Graphics Expedition
Mentor PADS (PowerPCB)
Synopsys Encore Package Designer
Sigrity UPD
Zuken CR-5000 Board Designer
IGES, STEP & PRO/E
31
Full System Signal

Integrity Analysis
example
32
32
Signal Integrity - DDR2 High

Speed Channel
Connector
(HFSS)
PCB to Coax (HFSS) Cable (DesignerSI)

Main Board (SIwave)
V_comp
U9
Chip_Package4
50MHz
PW:10n
p u l lu p
BitList=010101
Port1
log ic _in
e na ble
Port2
o ut
o u t_ o f_ i n
BitList=010101
p u l ld o wn
400Mbps
PW:2.5n
0
0
0
BitList=010101
200MHz
PW:2.5n
0
BitList=010101
P_U156_AE22_1_pos
VTT_pos
PD1_DQ0_D50_pos
10
P_U156_C3_1_pos
PC1_DQ0_D46_pos
P_U156_B4_1_pos
DC1_pos
V_driverB_out
0
Port1
p ullup
l o g i c _ in
Port2
o ut
e na ble
o u t_ o f _ i n
p u l l d o wn
350MHz
PW:1.43n
V_dutA_out
ref
Cylinder1:Sink1
0
Rectangle11_1_1:Sink2
Cylinder1:Source1
Port1 Coax_probe:Source1
Port2
Rectangle11_1_1:Source2
Port1_ref
Gnd:Source2
Port2_ref
IBIS Driver
BitList=010101
415MHz
PW:1.2n
400Mbps
PW:2.5n
L1078
BitList=010101
BitList=010101
Coax to PCB (HFSS)

DQ0_driver_pos
P_U1_C8_1_pos
Gnd:Sink2
DQ0_term_pos
P_U2_C8_1_pos
DUT Board
Coax_probe:Sink1
8.5e-013
U10
Chip_Package4
C1089
V_logicB
0
1e-006
266MHz
PW:1.88n
(SIwave)
Test Probe
Circuit Schematic
(DesignerSI)
33
Signal Integrity - DDR2 High Speed Channel

(Measurement Vs Simulated)
50Mbps DQ0
400Mbps DQ0
Simulated
Measurement
830Mbps DQ0
34
Power Integrity
35
35
Power Integrity: Design

Comparison
Decoupling aims:
Reduced number of capacitors and reduced system cost
Improved design performance
Ensure target power impedance specifications are met
DRAM1
TM
SIwave
DRAM1
CPU
CPU
DRAM2
DRAM2
Original Design - Total 17 Caps
Modified Design - Total 11 Caps
De-cap Reduction of 35%

36
Power Integrity: Design

Comparison
TM
SIwave
Original Design
Total 17 Caps
Target Impedance
Specifications Met !
Modified Design
Total 11 Caps
37
Capacitor Cost Reduction

Implications
Component
Industry Estimation
0603 ceramic capacitor
(10 / 1000) 1 each
Placement Cost
2 per part
12
Total cost for 6 caps
Cost
18
The business case:

Assume the application is cell phones and the
annual production will exceed one million
handsets
This production volume yields an annual saving
of $180k
38
SIwave PI Advisor
Pre-Layout
Automatic placement of
capacitors within user
defined regions
Various capacitor fanouts
SimplePI analysis
Post-Layout
Optimizes decoupling
solution and placement
Full-wave SYZ solution
Genetic algorithm constraints
Lumped equivalent solution

|Z11| for pwr/gnd plane
Multiple BoM Schemes

available
Loop Inductance Analysis
and Plot
Full-wave SYZ solution

Loop Inductance Analysis
and Plot
Impedance
Cost
Placement
Types of Capacitors
Number of Capacitors
39
Optimized Results
Time = 15 min 7 sec
Frequency Setup
1KHz <= f < 1GHz

Discrete 50 Points/decade
Genetic Algorithm Setup
Optimized for Impedance

Optimized for # of Caps
Optimized for Capacitor Types
Optimized for Price
100 Members
1000 Iterations
Original solution
Total # Caps: 74
Capacitor types:
All ideal
Optimized Solution
Total # Caps: 18
Capacitor Types = 5
AVX, Samsung, and Kemet
40
How to Determine Candidate

Capacitors and Locations
1.
User choice based off of BOM
Enter capacitor selections
User defined Capacitors allowed

2. User choice based off of filtered selection
3. Automated selection using SimplePI
4. Automated mounting using capacitor regions and fanouts
41
Full System EMI/EMC

Methodology
42
42
What are the steps

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Import PCB layout into AnsoftLinks or SIwave

Perform analysis of PCB in Siwave
Dynamically link SIwave results into Ansoft Designer
Attach drivers and receivers in Designer to linked SIwave model
Perform a time/frequency domain analysis of entire system in
Designer
Push voltage/excitation levels back to SIwave
Dynamically link the SIwave model into HFSS
Solve the full system in HFSS
43
The SIwave simulation

TM
SIwave
1) Layout in eCAD
tool is imported into
SIwave
1a) Simulation is
setup and run
44
The Designer/Nexxim Simulation

DesignerSI
Rcvr Pattern
Ansoft LLC
TM
Nexxim1
2.50
2.00
2) SIwave model
is dynamically
linked into
DesignerSI
Y1 [V]
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
Curve Info
V(Rcvr)
Transient
1.08
1.10
1.12
1.14
1.16
1.18
Time [us]
0.00
3.50
Receiver
2a) Drivers and

receivers are
added to the
circuit and
simulated
Frequency_Spectrum
Ansoft LLC
Nexxim1
20.00
Driver
m1
-0.00
m3
m2
m4
m6
m8
m13
m11
m10
m5
m9
-20.00
m12
dB(V(Rcvr))
m7
-40.00
-60.00
m14
-80.00
Curve Info
-100.00
0.00
dB(V(Rcvr))
45
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
Spectrum [MHz]
300.00
350.00
400.00
450.00
Name
500.00
X
Back to SIwave
DesignerSI
TM
TM
SIwave
3) Results from
Designer are
pushed back
into SIwave
3a) Fields near

to the PCB are
calculated
46
Linking to HFSS
TM
HFSS
4) Siwave
results are
dynamically
linked into
HFSS model
4a) HFSS model is

solved
47
Finishing the System Simulation

TM
HFSS
5) Entire System
is solved in
HFSS.
XY Plot 1
Ansoft Corporation
HFSSModel1
20.00
10.00
0.00
-10.00
3m Sphere (dBuVolts)
-20.00
-30.00
-40.00
-50.00
Curve Info
-60.00
3M Sphere Max E Field values

Setup1 : Sw eep1
-70.00
-80.00
-90.00
1.00
10.00
100.00
1000.00
Freq [MHz]
5a) Results are

plotted
48
Thank You
49
49

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ANSYS Electronic

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

SI/PI/EMI Design Overview

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Typical SI Design Flow

(Cadence, Mentor, Zuken ..)

extracted parasitic data

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

: general purpose full-wave 3D extraction

: full-wave extraction of merged Package and Board

: schematic level design integration and

Q3D Extractor: Quasi-static electromagnetic-field solver

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Excitations - Port Solver

Advanced Boundary Types

Advanced Material Types

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Post Processing and Report Type

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

HFSS Design Automation

S11 for Element 1 Parametric Sweep

CAD interface thru AnsoftLinks

2.4 2.5 2.6

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

HFSS- THE accepted standard in

Solve fields using the

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Current Density Distribution

I2R Distributed heat source

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

SIwave: Resonant Cavity

Fast and easy to set up

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

SIwave: Frequency Sweep

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

PDS Impedance |Z()|

S,Y,Z Network Parameters

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

SIwave: Far/Near Field Analysis

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary