Our DSM V

Read in your textbook to find out why the DSM V is a critical book in psychology
(Write answer here)

Classes of Disorders
For each of the classes of disorder below, please use your textbook to fill in the
definition.
Anxiety Disorders

Personality Disorders

Dissociative Disorders

Somatoform Disorders-characterized by bodily complaints that there are no medical

reasons
for Somatoform
Disorder
Definition
taken
from http://psyweb.com/Mdisord/jsp/somatd.jsp

Definition
Physical symptoms that seem as if they are part of a general medical
condition, however no general medical condition, other mental disorder, or substance is
present. In this case psychological conflicts may becoming translated into physical
problems or complaints. With the number one complaint being of some type of physical
symptom, it is no wonder this disorder is often discovered in a general medical setting.
This disorder encompasses several health disorders. The disease affects the daily
activities of the patient. The patients do have a strong believe that they are sick and in
turn might not be faking the illness. The disease is hard to be tested from many tests
and it makes the patient more worried. Their treatment requires a lot of attention and the
best treatment would be the family relationship. Nevertheless, many forms of treatment
have worked on the disorder, which need a lot of care on the patient.
There is no physical identifiable cause of the disease though there may be physical
symptoms such as nauseas, depression, pain, and dizziness. Somatoform disorder is
also known as briquets syndrome, Pain disorder, or Body dysmorphic disorder. This
disorder has a variety of mental health disorders in which the main cause is not a
specific physical symptom but it manifests itself as a physical disorder. The symptoms
that the patients do have are many and they last for a long time preferably years due to
them not being able to be narrowed to a specific physical cause.
Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia

The DSM V specific disorders- You are to fill in all blank disorders from the definitions
provided in your textbook.
Anxiety Disorders

Generalized Anxiety Disorder-

Panic Disorder-

Agoraphobia- taken
from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx29.htm
The essential feature of Agoraphobia is anxiety about being in places or situations from
which escape might be difficult (or embarrassing) or in which help may not be available
in the event of having a Panic Attack or panic-like symptoms.
Agoraphobic fears typically involve characteristic clusters of situations that include being
outside the home alone; being in a crowd or standing in a line; being on a bridge; and
traveling in a bus, train, or automobile.
A person who experiences agoraphobia avoids such situations (e.g., travel is restricted)
or else they endure with significant distress or with anxiety about having a Panic
Attack or panic-like symptoms. People with agoraphobia often require the presence of a
companion.
Specific Phobia:

Social Phobia- taken verbatim from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx35.htm

Social phobia -- also known as social anxiety disorder -- is an intense fear of becoming
humiliated in social situations, specifically of embarrassing yourself in front of other
people. It often runs in families and may be accompanied by depression or alcoholism.
Social phobia often begins around early adolescence or even younger."
If you suffer from social phobia, you tend to think that other people are very competent
in public and that you are not. Small mistakes you make may seem to you much more
exaggerated than they really are. Blushing itself may seem painfully embarrassing, and
you feel as though all eyes are focused on you. You may be afraid of being with people
other than those closest to you. Or your fear may be more specific, such as feeling
anxious about giving a speech, talking to a boss or other authority figure, or dating. The
most common social phobia is a fear of public speaking. Sometimes social phobia
involves a general fear of social situations such as parties. More rarely it may involve a
fear of using a public restroom, eating out, talking on the phone, or writing in the
presence of other people, such as when signing a check.
Although this disorder is often thought of as shyness, the two are not the same. Shy
people can be very uneasy around others, but they don't experience the extreme
anxiety in anticipating a social situation, and they don't necessarily avoid circumstances
that make them feel self-conscious. In contrast, people with social phobia aren't
necessarily shy at all. They can be completely at ease with people most of the time, but
particular situations, such as walking down an aisle in public or making a speech, can
give them intense anxiety. Social phobia disrupts normal life, interfering with career or
social relationships. For example, a worker can turn down a job promotion because he
can't give public presentations. The dread of a social event can begin weeks in
advance, and symptoms can be quite debilitating.
People with social phobia are aware that their feelings are irrational. Still, they
experience a great deal of dread before facing the feared situation, and they may go out
of their way to avoid it. Even if they manage to confront what they fear, they usually feel

very anxious beforehand and are intensely uncomfortable throughout. Afterwards, the
unpleasant feelings may linger, as they worry about how they may have been judged or
what others may have thought or observed about them.
Obsessive-compulsive anxiety disorder

Post-traumatic stress disorder

Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative Identity disorder

Dissociative Amnesia- inability to recall ones name, address or past due to a traumatic
experience
Definition
taken
verbatim
from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx46.htm
the predominant disturbance is one or more episodes of inability to recall important
personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is too extensive to
be explained by ordinary forgetfulness.
The disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of Dissociative Identity
Disorder, Dissociative Fugue, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Acute Stress Disorder,
or Somatization Disorder and is not due to the direct physiological effects of a
substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a neurological or other general
medical condition (e.g., Amnestic Disorder Due to Head Trauma).
The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational,
or
other
important
areas
of
functioning.
Criteria
summarized
from:
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental
disorders, fourth edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Dissociative fugue-loss of memory also accompanied by fleeing to escape, usually
involves taking on a different identity due to a traumatic experience.
Definition
taken
verbatim
from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx87.htm

Dissociative Fugue is one or more episodes of amnesia in which the inability to recall
some or all of one's past and either the loss of one's identity or the formation of a new
identity occur with sudden, unexpected, purposeful travel away from home.
Specific
symptoms
include:
The predominant disturbance is sudden, unexpected travel away from home or one's
customary
place
of
work,
with
inability
to
recall
one's
past.
Confusion about personal identity or assumption of a new identity (partial or
complete). The disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of Dissociative
Identity Disorder and is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a
drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition (e.g., temporal lobe
epilepsy).
The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational,
or other important areas of functioning.
The length of a fugue may range from hours to weeks or months, occasionally longer.
During the fugue, the person may appear normal and attract no attention. The person
may assume a new name, identity, and domicile and may engage in complex social
interactions. However, at some point, confusion about his identity or the return of the
original identity may make the person aware of amnesia or cause distress.
Personality DisordersHistrionic- Definition taken verbatim from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx17.htm
A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by early
adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the
following:
(1) is uncomfortable in situations in which he or she is not the center of attention
(2) interaction with others is often characterized by inappropriate sexually seductive or
provocative
behavior
(3)
displays
rapidly
shifting
and
shallow
expression
of
emotions
(4) consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to self
(5) has a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail
(6) shows self-dramatization, theatricality, and exaggerated expression of emotion
(7) is suggestible, i.e., easily influenced by others or circumstances
(8) considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are
Narcissistic- Definition taken verbatim from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx36.htm
A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack
of empathy, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as
indicated by five (or more) of the following:
(1) Has a grandiose sense of self-importance (e.g., exaggerates achievements and
talents, expects to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements)
(2) Is preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty, or ideal
love

(3) Believes that he or she is "special" and unique and can only be understood by, or
should associate with, other special or high-status people (or institutions)
(4) Requires excessive admiration
(5) Has a sense of entitlement, i.e., unreasonable expectations of especially favorable
treatment or automatic compliance with his or her expectations
(6) Is interpersonally exploitative, i.e., takes advantage of others to achieve his or her
own ends
(7) Lacks empathy: is unwilling to recognize or identify with the feelings and needs of
others
(8) Is often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him or her
(9) Shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes
Antisocial

Borderline Definition taken verbatim from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx10.htm

the main feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a pervasive pattern of
instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image and emotions. People with
borderline personality disorder are also usually very impulsive.
This disorder occurs in most by early adulthood. The instable pattern of interacting with
others has persisted for years and is usually closely related to the persons self-image
and early social interactions. The pattern is present in a variety of settings (e.g., not just
at work or home) and often is accompanied by a similar lability (fluctuating back and
forth, sometimes in a quick manner) in a persons emotions and feelings. Relationships
and the persons emotion may often be characterized as being shallow.
A person with this disorder will also often exhibit impulsive behaviors and have a
majority of the following symptoms:
Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
A pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by
alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation
Identity disturbance: markedly and persistently unstable self-image or sense of self
Impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging (e.g., spending, sex,
substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating)
Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilating behavior
Affective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood (e.g., intense episodic dysphoria,
irritability, or anxiety usually lasting a few hours and only rarely more than a few days)
Chronic feelings of emptiness
Inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger (e.g., frequent displays of
temper, constant anger, recurrent physical fights)
Transient, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms
Schizoid- Definition taken verbatim from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx30.htm
A pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of

expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning by early adulthood and

present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following:
neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, including being part of a family
almost always chooses solitary activities
has little, if any, interest in having sexual experiences with another person
takes pleasure in few, if any, activities
lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives
appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others
Shows emotional coldness, detachment, or flattened affectivity
Schizotypal - Definition
taken
from
verbatim
http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx33.htm
A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with,
and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual
distortions and eccentricities of behavior, beginning by early adulthood and present in a
variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following:
ideas of reference (excluding delusions of reference)
odd beliefs or magical thinking that influences behavior and is inconsistent
with subcultural norms (e.g., superstitiousness, belief in clairvoyance, telepathy, or
"sixth sense"; in children and adolescents, bizarre fantasies or preoccupations)
unusual perceptual experiences, including bodily illusions
odd thinking and speech (e.g., vague, circumstantial, metaphorical, overelaborate, or
stereotyped)
suspiciousness or paranoid ideation
inappropriate or constricted affect
behavior or appearance that is odd, eccentric, or peculiar
lack of close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives
excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity and tends to be
associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments about self
Paranoid Personality disorder- when an individual is overly suspicious with no cause,
but they are still able to function and they are not having hallucinations
Definition
taken
verbatim
from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx37.htm
A pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted
as malevolent, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as
indicated by four (or more) of the following:
suspects, without sufficient basis, that others are exploiting, harming, or deceiving him
or her
is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of friends or
associates
is reluctant to confide in others because of unwarranted fear that the information will be
used maliciously against him or her
reads hidden demeaning or threatening meanings into benign remarks or events
persistently bears grudges, i.e., is unforgiving of insults, injuries, or slights
perceives attacks on his or her character or reputation that are not apparent to others
and is quick to react angrily or to counterattack

has recurrent suspicions, without justification, regarding fidelity of spouse or sexual

partner
Mood Disorders

Major Depression

Bipolar Disorder

Schizophrenia-

Please
get
general
definition
from
your
textbook
Definition taken verbatim from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx31.htm
Catatonic type- Catatonic schizophrenia a person is withdrawn, mute, and negative and
often assumes very unusual postures.
Disorganized type- Disorganized schizophrenia a person is often incoherent but may
not have delusions.
Paranoid type- Paranoid schizophrenia a person feels extremely suspicious,
persecuted, grandiose, or experiences a combination of these emotions.
Undifferentiated- most schizophrenia falls under this category- a person shows
variations of all three types.
Somatoform disordersHypochondriac- the person interprets normal sensations and small bodily signs as proof
that
he
or
she
has
a
terrible
disease
Definition taken verbatim from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx57.htm
Preoccupation with fears of having, or the idea that one has, a serious disease based
on the person's misinterpretation of bodily symptoms.

The preoccupation persists despite appropriate medical evaluation and reassurance.

The belief in the first category is not of delusional intensity (as in Delusional Disorder,
Somatic Type) and is not restricted to a circumscribed concern about appearance (as in
Body Dysmorphic Disorder).
The preoccupation causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
The duration of the disturbance is at least 6 months.
The preoccupation is not better accounted for by Generalized Anxiety Disorder,
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Panic Disorder, a Major Depressive Episode,
Separation Anxiety, or another Somatoform Disorder.
Conversion Disorder- severe emotional conflicts are converted into symptoms that
actually disturb physical functioning or closely resemble a physical disability.
Definition
taken
verbatim
from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx43.htm
One or more symptoms or deficits affecting voluntary motor or sensory function that
suggest a neurological or other general medical condition.
Psychological factors are judged to be associated with the symptom or deficit because
the initiation or exacerbation of the symptom or deficit is preceded by conflicts or other
stressors.
The symptom or deficit is not intentionally produced or feigned (as in Factitious Disorder
or Malingering).
The symptom or deficit cannot, after appropriate investigation, be fully explained by a
general medical condition, or by the direct effects of a substance, or as a culturally
sanctioned behavior or experience.
The symptom or deficit causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of functioning or warrants medical evaluation.
The symptom or deficit is not limited to pain or sexual dysfunction, does not occur
exclusively during the course of Somatization Disorder, and is not better accounted for
by another mental disorder.