Intelligence Community and UFO
Intelligence Community and UFO
Intelligence Community and UFO
United States
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY
COMMUNI
Unidentified Flying Objects – Unidentified Aerial Phenomena
Information - Documentation
0098906-06-01
Production ©
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In contrast to the generic term "intelligence community," the United States has a formal
Intelligence Community established as a result of Executive Order 12333, signed by
President Ronald Reagan on December 4, 1981. The order directs, in part, that the
United States intelligence effort shall provide the president and the National Security
Council with the necessary information on which to base decisions concerning the
conduct and development of foreign, defense, and economic policy, and the protection
of United States national interests from foreign security threats. All departments and
agencies shall cooperate fully to fulfill this goal.
In addition to the CIA, the IC includes 13 other agencies and organizations. Those from
DOD include the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), National Security Agency (NSA),
National Reconnaissance Office (NRO),
National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA), and the intelligence agencies of the
Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps. Non-DOD members include the Federal
Bureau of Investigation (a part of the Justice Department), the United States Coast
Guard (part of the Department of Homeland Security as of 2003), the State Department's
Bureau of Intelligence and Research, and the intelligence agencies of the Energy and
Treasury departments.
Tasks
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Leadership and oversight. The DCI serves a triple function as head of the CIA,
principal intelligence advisor to the president, and director of the IC. He reports to
the president, directly and through the national security advisor and/or the NSC.
Each year, DCI presents the president with the annual IC budget, known as the
National Foreign Intelligence Program (NFIP).
As head of the IC, the DCI is responsible for directing and coordinating national
foreign intelligence activities, though he only exercises direct authority over CIA, as
well as staff organizations outside the CIA. The latter include the National
Intelligence Council (NIC), responsible for preparing national intelligence estimates,
and the Community Management Staff, which assists DCI in his IC executive
functions.
Advisory boards. DCI also chairs two advisory boards, the National Foreign
Intelligence Board (NFIB) and the Intelligence Community Executive Committee
(IC/EXCOM). Membership of both is made up of representatives from IC agencies.
The NFIB exercises authority over approving national intelligence estimates,
coordination of interagency intelligence exchanges as well as exchanges with the
intelligence and security agencies of friendly foreign nations, and development of
policy for the protection of intelligence sources and methods.
The IC/EXCOM advises DCI on national intelligence policy and resource issues,
including matters relating to the IC budget, the establishment of needs and priorities,
evaluation of intelligence activities, and formulation and implementation of
intelligence policy. Its members include, in addition to DCI, the Deputy Secretary of
Defense and undersecretaries whose roles relate to intelligence; the Vice Chairman
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; the directors of NSA, NRO, NIMA, and DIA; the Assistant
Secretary of State for Intelligence and Research; the NIC chairman; and the
executive directors for IC affairs and CIA.
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Intelligence Community :
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PARAGON Group:
The PARAGON Group was established by special and classified recommendation
by US Intelligence Community on January 2003. The PARAGON Group it the
intelligence and space research and international private security respond group.
The recovery for scientific study of all materials and devices of a foreign or
extraterrestrial manufacture that may become available. Such material and devices
will be recovered by any and all me
means
ans deemed necessary by the group.
The recovery for scientific study of all entities and remains of entities not of terrestrial
origin which may become available through independent action by those entities or
by misfortune or military action.
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0098906
This may come down national territory of fall into the possession of foreign powers.
It is considered as for as the current situation is concerned, that there are few
indications that these objects and the
their
ir builders pose a direct threat to the national
security, despite the ultimate motives in coming here.
Certainly the technology possessed by these beings far their presence here seems
to be benign, and for the present.
UFO / UAP
UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECTS - UNIDENTIFIED AERIAL PHENOMENA
This regulation establishes the Paragon program for investigating and analyzing UFOs
over the United States or any other country or places around the worl world.
The investigations and analyses prescribed are related directly to the Paragon
responsibility (PARAGON Group – Intelligence Operations Section).
The UFO Program requires prompt reporting and rapid evaluation of data for successful
identification. Strict compliance wiwith this regulation is mandatory... see the official
doc.No: 0000126-234-006-001 001-- EBE`S AND TECHNOLOGY PROTOCOL...
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1. What is a UFO?
The first reports of 'flying saucers' being sighted were on 24 June 1947 from the
Cascade Mountains of Washington state, USA. A private pilot, Kenneth Arnold, reported
seeing nine strange objects that moved at tremendous speed across the sky ‘like a
saucer skipping on water’. His sighting triggered a wave of similar reports from
observers in North America and across the world. On 8 July 1947 a report came from
Roswell, New Mexico, that a disc-shaped object had landed on a remote ranch and had
been removed for examination by officers from the US Eighth Army Headquarters. The
age of the flying saucer had arrived.
The acronym UFO is an abbreviation for the US Air Force term ‘Unidentified Flying
Object.’ It was coined in 1950 by Captain Edward Ruppelt of ‘Project Blue Book’, the
USAF’s official 'UFO project', to replace flying saucers, a term that was widely used by
the media and public. A flying saucer is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as ‘a
disc or saucer-shaped object reported as appearing in the sky and alleged to come from
outer space’.
Although for the public and the media UFO has since become a synonym for ‘alien
spaceship,’ for the military forces of the world it is simply refers to something in the sky
the observer can see but does not recognise. In the vast majority of cases,
investigations have discovered ordinary explanations for UFO reports such as bright
stars and planets, meteors, artificial satellites, balloons, aircraft seen from unusual
angles and space junk burning up in the atmosphere. However, there are some cases
on record where no common explanation can be found. For the Ministry of Defence,
these types of report remain ‘unidentified’ rather than ‘extraterrestrial’. Some branches of
the MoD, such as the Defence Intelligence Staff (DIS), prefer the term UAP (unidentified
aerial phenomena) to describe those UFOs that remain unidentified. UAP does not imply
the existence of an ‘object’ of extraterrestrial origin.
th
2. UFOs in the early 20 century: 1909-1950
An understanding of the factors that lay behind the British government’s interest in the
UFO issue can be found by studying the range of documents available at The National
Archives. The vast majority of the records are found in the post Second World War
period. This reflects the growing post-war fascination with the idea of UFOs as
extraterrestrial visitors, as portrayed in popular science fiction films such as The Day the
Earth Stood Still (1951). In contrast, official policy was restricted to establishing whether
UFO sightings could be considered to be a threat to national security. During the Cold
War, for example, the major threat came from behind the Iron Curtain. Once Soviet
aircraft were discounted, the identity of a UFO was of no further interest to the British
military.
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In October 1912, when sightings of an unidentified aircraft were made over the Royal
Navy torpedo school at Sheerness, Essex, questions were asked in the House of
Commons. This led the First Lord of the Admiralty, Winston Churchill, to order an
investigation. Inquiries by naval intelligence failed to establish the identity of the aircraft
but the Germans were widely believed to be responsible. The relevant papers are in AIR
1/2455 and AIR 1/2456.
Both the War Office and Admiralty investigated further sightings of unidentified airships,
aircraft and mysterious moving lights. These were usually seen at night and were
frequently reported to the military authorities from many parts of the British Isles during
the First World War. In 1916 a War Office intelligence circular found that 89 percent of
the reports could be explained by bright planets, searchlights and natural phenomena. It
concluded: ‘There is no evidence on which to base a suspicion that this class of enemy
activity ever existed’ ('Alleged Enemy Signalling 1916', WO 158/989).
More sightings of aerial phenomena were made during the Second World War by RAF
aircrew. These included balls of fire and mysterious moving lights that appeared to
pursue Allied aircraft operating over occupied Europe. American pilots dubbed these
UFOs ‘foo-fighters’, from a character in a comic strip whose catch phrase was ‘where
there's foo there's fire.’ Although the foo-fighters did not appear to be hostile the
sightings alarmed air intelligence branches of the Air Ministry and US Army Air Force as
they prepared for the invasion of France. The RAF began to collect reports of ‘night
phenomena’ from 1942 and later in the war, the Air Ministry shared intelligence on the
subject with the US authorities. They assumed the phenomena were German secret
weapons, such as the Me262 jet fighter. At the end of the war no traces of advanced
aircraft or weapons that could explain the ‘foo fighters’ were found by the Allied
occupying forces. In addition, intelligence officers such as Dr RV Jones discovered that
German pilots had observed similar unexplained aerial phenomena. (See bibliography)
Air Ministry reports on ‘night phenomena’ are at AIR 2/5070 while reports from aircrew
with Bomber Command's 115 Squadron in December 1943 can be found in AIR
14/2800.
In 1946 and 1947 the War Office and Air Ministry became involved in an investigation of
mysterious ghost rockets sighted over Scandinavia. Initially intelligence officers at the
Air Ministry believed the ‘flying bombs’ (RV Jones memoirs, ‘Most Secret War’ chapter
52, pg 510-11, 1978) were modified V2 rockets fired by Soviets, from captured Nazi
rocket plant at Peenemunde in the Baltic. Dr RV Jones, Director of Intelligence at the Air
Ministry in 1946, was sceptical of this theory. Drawing upon his wartime experiences, he
believed the scare was triggered by sightings of bright meteors in countries that feared
Soviet expansion. Reports and correspondence between the Foreign Office, Air Ministry
and the British air attaché in Stockholm are contained in FO 371/56988 and FO
371/56951. An air intelligence report on the ‘ghost rockets’ of 1946 can be found in AIR
40/2843.
Reports of ghost rockets preceded by six months the first sightings of ‘flying saucers’
over the mainland of the United States. In December 1947 the newly created US Air
Force set up a project, code-named Sign to investigate the growing mystery. USAF
Lieutenant General Nathan F Twining's initial conclusion was ‘the phenomenon reported
is something real and not imaginary or fictitious.’ (See further reading)
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The British Government did not begin any official inquiry into the UFO mystery until
1950. During the spring and summer of that year a large number of 'flying saucer'
sightings were made in Britain for the first time and the media started to take an interest.
Two Sunday newspapers serialised the first books on the topic that had been published
in the USA. This led a number of senior figures, both in the establishment and the
scientific community to treat the subject seriously for the first time. The Sunday Dispatch
was encouraged to publish stories by Lord Louis Mountbatten, who was later to become
Chief of Defence Staff. Mountbatten was one of a small group of influential military
officials who believed UFOs were real and of interplanetary origin.
Another senior official who took reports of UFOs seriously was Sir Henry Tizard. He is
best known for his work on the development of radar before the Second World War.
Post-war Tizard became Chief Scientific Advisor to the Ministry of Defence and came to
believe that ‘reports of flying saucers should not be dismissed without some
investigation’ (DEFE 41/74). It was as a direct result of his influence that the MoD was
asked to set up a small team of experts to investigate reports of flying saucers under the
Directorate of Scientific Intelligence/Joint Technical Intelligence Committee (DSI/JTIC).
The Flying Saucer Working Party operated under such secrecy that its existence was
known to very few. However, a reference to a study of flying saucers emerged in 1988
when a file of correspondence between Winston Churchill and the Air Ministry was
opened under the 30-year rule, PREM 11/855. On 28 July 1952 the Prime Minister
asked the Air Minister: 'What does all this stuff about flying saucers amount to? What
can it mean? What is the truth? Let me have a report at your convenience.' The
response, dated 9 August 1952, began 'The various reports about unidentified flying
objects, described by the Press as “flying saucers”, were the subject of a full intelligence
study in 1951'.
Several unsuccessful attempts were made to trace this study but in 1998 the minutes of
the DSI/JTIC were released in DEFE 41/74 and DEFE 41/75. These revealed how the
working party was established in August 1950 under the following terms of reference:
The working party included intelligence officers from each of the three armed services
and was chaired by G. L. Turney, head of scientific intelligence at the Admiralty. This
team reviewed what was known about the subject and investigated a number of
sightings reported to it by RAF Fighter Command. During their inquiries they questioned
a group of test pilots from the Royal Aircraft Establishment at Farnborough who had
reported sightings of aerial phenomena. In June 1951 the working party produced a brief
final report that debunked the sightings and concluded that flying saucers did not exist.
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A surviving copy of DSI/JTIC Report No 7 was found in MoD archives in 2001. It was
released in the following year in DEFE 44/119. A copy of the original report and covering
letter to Sir Henry Tizard are in DEFE 19/9, released in July 2008 at The National
Archives.
Classified as 'Secret/Discreet' the six-page report concluded that all UFO sightings could
be explained as misidentifications of ordinary objects or phenomena, optical illusions,
psychological delusions or hoaxes. They concluded with the following statement: 'We
accordingly recommend very strongly that no further investigation of reported mysterious
aerial phenomena be undertaken, unless and until some material evidence becomes
available.' (See DEFE 44/119)
The members of the working party relied heavily upon information supplied by the US Air
Force UFO project (now renamed Grudge) and the CIA. US policy was to debunk the
subject and restrict the release of information to the public about UFO sightings made by
the armed services. The Assistant Director of the CIA's Office of Scientific Intelligence,
Dr Harris Marshall Chadwell, was present at the meeting of DSI/JTIC in 1951 when the
report was delivered to MoD. American influence upon the team's methodology can be
seen both in the adoption of the USAF term UFO in its title and the conclusions.
Circulation was restricted within MoD with just one copy sent to Sir Henry Tizard.
The sceptical conclusions of the Flying Saucer Working Party set the template for all
future British policy on UFOs. After the report was delivered the team was dissolved and
investigations ended. However, during the summer of the following year a new wave of
sightings were made across the world. In July 1952, as Cold War tension increased,
UFOs were detected by radars in the US capital Washington DC, prompting the USAF to
scramble jet interceptors. The scare made headlines across the world and led Winston
Churchill to send his famous memo to the Air Ministry on ‘flying saucers.’
The Prime Minister was told on 9 August 1952 that ‘nothing has happened since 1951 to
make the Air Staff change their opinion, and, to judge from recent Press statements, the
same is true in America’ (PREM 11/855). In September this policy was revised as a
direct result of further UFO sightings that occurred during a major NATO exercise in
Europe. The most dramatic were those reported by a group of Shackleton aircrew who
saw a circular silver object appear above the airfield at RAF Topcliffe in North Yorkshire.
In a report made to the base Commanding Officer one of the men, Flt Lt John Kilburn of
269 Squadron, RAF, said he watched as the object appeared to descend to follow a
Meteor jet, rotated on its own axis and then accelerated away at a speed ‘in excess of a
shooting star’ (AIR 16/1199).
According to Capt Edward Ruppelt, of Project Blue Book, it was the Topcliffe sighting
that ‘caused the RAF to officially recognise the UFO.’ Soon afterwards the Air Ministry
decided to monitor UFO reports on a permanent basis. Responsibility was delegated by
the Chief of Air Staff to a branch within the Deputy Directorate of Intelligence (DDI
(Tech) known as AI3 (DEFE 31/118). In December 1953 HQ Fighter Command issued
orders to all RAF stations that in future reports of 'aerial phenomena' should be reported
directly to DDI (Tech), Air Ministry, for further investigation. The order said it was
important that details of sightings made by RAF personnel and from radar stations
should be carefully examined and its release 'controlled officially.' The Air Ministry letter
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stated that 'all reports are to be classified 'Restricted' and personnel are warned not to
communicate to anyone other than official persons any information about phenomena
they have observed, unless officially authorised to do so' (AIR 20/9994).
From 1953 reports from all sources were sent to DDI (Tech) for 'examination, analysis
and classification'. Advice on likely explanations was obtained from Fighter Command,
the Meteorological Office and the Royal Greenwich Observatory. Each year a special
report ‘summarising all UFO sightings by types' was submitted to the Air Staff (DEFE
31/118). None of these summaries have survived before 1956. However, an analysis of
80 reports up to 1954 formed the basis of an article published in Vol 10, No 3 of the Air
Ministry Secret Intelligence Summary (AMSIS) during March 1955 (DEFE 31/118 and
AIR 40/2769). This summary, based upon a longer report now lost, was classified
'Secret - UK Eyes Only.'
The existence of this summary study came to light in May 1955 when the Conservative
MP Major Patrick Wall asked the Secretary of State for Air, in a Parliamentary Question,
if he would publish the 'report on flying saucers recently completed by the Air Ministry.’ In
reply the Air Minister George Ward said: ‘reports of "flying saucers" as well as any other
abnormal objects in the sky, are investigated as they come in, but there has been no
formal inquiry. About 90 percent of the reports have been found to relate to meteors,
balloons, flares and many other objects. The fact that the other 10 percent are
unexplained need be attributed to nothing more sinister than lack of data' (AIR 2/16918).
The outstanding 10 percent of 'unexplained' sightings remained UFOs (or, as the Air
Ministry preferred, 'insufficient information'). This explains the policy decision to continue
collecting reports to the present day. The reasons given in the AMSIS article were that
'there is always the chance of observing foreign aircraft of revolutionary design.' This
factor remained a concern for intelligence agencies until the end of the Cold War. The
Air Ministry was careful to qualify this interest with this caveat: '...as for controlled
manifestations from outer space, there is no tangible evidence of their existence' (AIR
40/2769).
The Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC) initiated inquiries into ‘aerial phenomena’ on two
occasions during the late 1950s. Following press reports of UFOs tracked by radars at
RAF West Freugh, Scotland, in April 1957 the Air Ministry informed the JIC it was
unable to explain four recent incidents (CAB 157/27). Aerial phenomena were again the
subject of JIC discussion in March 1959 following a sighting made at London airport
(CAB 159/31).
From 1958 an civilian Air Staff secretariat branch known as S6 (Air) took over
responsibility for dealing with public relations on the topic of UFOs. During that year an
S6 desk officer decided their policy would be 'politely unhelpful' in response to any public
or press inquiry on the subject (DEFE 31/118). From this point onwards two separate
branches of the Air Ministry were involved in dealing with the UFO problem. DDI (Tech),
was responsible for investigating reports and assessing their defence significance, whilst
S6 (Air) fielded questions from members of the public, the press and MPs.
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In 1964 the Air Ministry became part of the new Ministry of Defence and the three
separate service intelligence sections of the Army, Navy and RAF were merged under a
new unified structure. S6's UFO remit passed to a new MoD secretariat, S4 (Air) and in
1967 responsibility for inquiries into UFO incidents deemed to have possible defence
significance were inherited by a Defence Intelligence branch, DI55.
Although more than 11,000 UFO reports have been logged by DI55, S4 (Air) and a
number of other MoD branches between 1959 and 2007, no detailed studies have been
carried out on the accumulated data until relatively recently. Following a new wave of
sightings in 1967 the Government faced a series of Parliamentary questions on their
UFO investigations and policy. In response, the head of S4 (Air), James Carruthers,
produced a detailed briefing for the Secretary of State for Air, Merlyn Rees MP. In his
report dated November 1967 Carruthers said the MoD had kept a statistical analysis of
UFO reports received since 1959 'and has found no evidence to suggest [UFOs] have
other than mundane explanations.' He added that MoD 'does not consider that a
separate study by [UK] Government departments or by a university or other independent
organisation would produce results to justify the expenditure, time and money involved'
(DEFE 31/119).
Following the conclusions reached by the Flying Saucer Working Party the MoD
continued to reply upon studies carried out by USAF for their policy lead on UFOs. There
was never any British equivalent of the publicly funded study by the University of
Colorado on behalf of the USAF that was completed in 1969. The 'Condon report' -
named after the project head, the physicist Dr Edward Condon - was based on an
analysis of 12,618 reports collected by the USAF Project Blue Book between 1947 and
1969 (Blue Book followed Projects Sign and Grudge in 1952). Of this total 701
remained unexplained. The main findings of the US study were:
• About 90% of all UFO reports prove to be plausibly related to ordinary phenomena.
• Little, if anything, had come from the study of UFOs in the past 21 years that added to
scientific knowledge.
• Further extensive study of UFO sightings was not justified in the expectation that
science will be advanced thereby.
• No evidence came to light in the study to indicate that UFO sightings may represent a
defence hazard.
• The Department of Defence should continue to handle UFO reports in its normal
surveillance operations without the need for special units such as Project Blue Book (S4
briefing to MoD, 24 March 1970, copy in BJ 5/311).
Project Blue Book was closed by USAF following publication of the Condon report in
December 1969. In the UK the MoD used the findings to further reduce their workload on
UFOs. From 1973 members of the public who reported sightings received only a polite
acknowledgement. Unlike the USAF, the MoD decided it should continue to maintain an
interest in the subject so that it could answer questions from MPs and where necessary,
reassure the public that UFOs posed no threat to national defence. This policy rethink,
the first of many, took place between 1970 and 1975 and the papers can be found in AIR
2/19086.
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The last time the Government made a full public statement on its policy was in January
1979 when UFOs were the subject of a lengthy debate in the House of Lords. This was
initiated by Lord Clancarty (Brinsley le Poer Trench), the author of several books on
UFOs and related subjects. Clancarty believed the MoD had evidence that UFOs were
of extraterrestrial origin and was convinced they were concealing ‘the truth’ from the
public. In the summer of 1978 he tabled a motion that called on the Government to set
up an inquiry and for the Defence Minister to make a televised statement on UFOs. In
the Lords, the Government's response was delivered by a retired Royal Navy officer and
Labour peer, Lord Strabolgi (David Kenworthy). His closing remarks were: ‘…as for
telling the public the truth about UFOs, the truth is simple. There really are many strange
phenomena in the sky, and these are invariably reported by rational people. But there is
a wide range of natural explanations to account for such phenomena. There is nothing to
suggest to Her Majesty’s Government that such phenomena are alien spacecraft’ ( AIR
20/12966).
Various documents held at The National Archives give a history of the British
Government’s involvement in the UFO issue and an insight into the politics and
personalities responsible for shaping official policy. The official reporting, analysis and
recording of UFO sightings commenced in the early 1950s, but substantial records at the
National Archives begin in 1962. Until 1967 MoD policy was to destroy UFO files at five
yearly intervals because they were deemed to be of ‘transitory interest’; as a result a
large number of records dating from the period before 1962 have been lost. This policy
was rescinded as a direct result of pressure from the MP Sir John Langford-Holt in 1970
(AIR 2/19086 and DEFE 13/1183). Since then most surviving MoD UFO files have been
reviewed for eventual release at The National Archives. A note attached to a file dated
1988 reads: “in accordance with ministerial instructions, all UFO files are to be
permanently preserved, in view of the public interest in this subject’ (DEFE 24/1928/1).
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UFO report files contain a mixture of letters from members of the public and reports
from official sources such as the police, coastguard and Civil Aviation Authority (CAA).
Many reports take the form of military signals received by MoD via a variety of RAF and
RN stations. The most frequent method of reporting a UFO sighting was via a standard
proforma, originally based on a USAF questionnaire. An early draft of this report format
can be found at DEFE 31/118. A version of this questionnaire is still used today by the
Ministry of Defence. The proforma contains 16 questions, a-q:
• (g) Distance
• (h) Movements
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From 1966-67 UFO reports and correspondence between members of the public and
MoD were preserved in two separate sequences of files. Five separate file series held at
The National Archives contain papers relating to UFO sightings and UFO
correspondence from 1962 in chronological order:
AIR 2/16918 features numerous sighting reports and correspondence from members of
the public to the Air Ministry secretariat S6, between 1961 and 1963. On the
reorganization of MoD in 1964 a new Secretariat, S4 (Air), took over responsibility for
UFO matters. UFO reports and correspondence from 1967 can be found in AIR 2/18115
and AIR 2/18116, 1967-68 in AIR 2/18117, and 1968-69 in AIR 2/18183. AIR 2/18871
contains reports and newspaper cuttings from 1972, while AIR 2/18872 consists of a
collection of UFO reports and correspondence 1972-1973; AIR 2/18873, 1973-1974; and
AIR 2/18874 likewise for 1974-1975. A series of files containing UFO reports runs from
February 1974 until December 1976 and begins in AIR 2/18950. AIR 2/19126 contains a
statistical analysis of UFO reports made to MoD between 1967 and 1973.
AIR 20 files include a number of Air Ministry UFO papers that escaped destruction
before 1967. AIR 20/7390 contains reports of unidentified objects/aircraft made to Air
Ministry between 1950 and 1954. AIR 20/9320, AIR 20/9321 and AIR 20/9322 contain
Parliamentary Questions and briefings on UFOs reported in 1957, including reports of
phenomena tracked by radar. AIR 20/9994 also contains papers from RAF radar stations
concerning ‘reports of aerial phenomena’ during 1957. A further series containing UFO
sighting reports made to S4 (Air), filed in monthly folders covering the period August
1967 through to December 1973, begins in AIR 20/11887 and end in AIR 20/12555.
A third series of files, in DEFE 24, contains the majority of the surviving reports and
public correspondence from 1977 onwards. DEFE 24/1206 covers 1977 and DEFE
24/1207, 1977-78. These files contain papers from a number of MoD secretariats. S4
(Air) was replaced by DS8 (Defence Secretariat 8) in 1979. In turn DS8’s UFO
responsibility passed to Secretariat (Air Staff) 2 or Sec (AS) in 1985. DEFE 24 also
contains a series of ‘edited copies’ of UFO reports received by MoD, covering the years
1975-1980. These are duplicates of the main reports series, prepared at a time when the
MoD first considered the release of UFO material to the public. The identities and home
addresses of observers have been deleted from the edited reports. A MoD proposal to
make selected reports available on request to members of the public was reversed in
1984 by defence minister John Stanley on the grounds of cost (DEFE 24/1517).
A total of 17 DS8 and Sec (AS) files were opened under the Freedom of Information Act
during 2008. DEFE 24/1925/1 contains public correspondence 1985-86. DEFE
24/1929/1, DEFE 24/1930/1, DEFE 24/1931/1, DEFE 24/1941/1, DEFE 24/1941/1,
DEFE 24/1942/1 DEFE 24/1949/1 DEFE 24/955/1 DEFE 24/1956/1 and DEFE
24/1957/1 contain correspondence 1986-1992 and can all be accessed through
nationalarchives.gov.uk/ufos.
DS8 and Sec(AS) UFO reports files opened during 2008 include DEFE 24/1922/1, DEFE
24/1923/1, DEFE 24/1924/1 (1984-85), DEFE 24/1926/1-1928/1 (1986-88), (1988-89),
DEFE 24/1939/1 – 40/1 (1989-1990), DEFE 24/1953/1 – 54/1 (1991-92).
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DEFE 31 contains a series of UFO records created by the Defence Intelligence Staff
branch DI55 and their predecessors, Air Ministry DDI (Tech). Policy files are DEFE
31/118 and DEFE 31/119. UFO report files include DEFE 31/171 (1975-76) and DEFE
31/163 through to DEFE 31/167 (1979).
Four files in the DI55 UFO reports sequence were opened in May 2008. These are
DEFE 31/172/1 (UFO reports 1978-1983), DEFE 31/173/1 (UFO reports June 1983-
March 1985), DEFE 24/174 (UFO reports April 1985-December 1986) and DEFE
31/175/1 (UFO reports December 1986-November 1987).
Short sequences of RAF Air Defence/Operations UFO files that have survived
destruction include DEFE 71/3 (UFO reports 1975-77) and DEFE 71/4 (UFO reports
1977).
Details of some well-documented UFO sightings investigated by the Air Ministry and
Ministry of Defence can be found by searching the reports files. AIR 2/18564 and AIR
20/9320 contain reports from various RAF stations including RAF West Freugh in 1957.
The West Freugh incident involved the tracking of UFOs by a number of trailer-mounted
radar units at a RAF bombing range in southern Scotland. It led to national interest when
the story leaked to the press. Newspaper stories led to questions in Parliament and at
the Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC). A report on the incident prepared by DDI (Tech)
contains in its conclusions what is possibly the closest the Air Ministry ever got to
recognition that some UFOs remained inexplicable and therefore of possible defence
interest. The report stated: ‘It is concluded that the incident was due to the presence of
five reflecting objects of unidentified type and origin. It is considered unlikely that they
were conventional aircraft, meteorological balloons or charged clouds’ (AIR 20/9321).
AIR 20/11889 and AIR 20/11890 contain papers and reports on a 'flying cross' sighted
by police officers and other witnesses in Devon, Sussex and elsewhere during October
1967. Papers from 1967-68 also contain details of field investigations of selected UFO
reports carried out by S4 (Air) and DI55. AIR 2/19083 contains brief details of the so-
called Berwyn Mountains UFO incident, reported in North Wales in January 1974. AIR
2/19125 is a collection of UFO sightings compiled by staff at RAF Patrington in North
Yorkshire – referred to as 'reports of unusual occurrences (UFO).' This includes details
of sightings made by civilians, police, and various flight personnel from the station
between 1968 and 1973.
DEFE 24/1943/1, transferred to The National Archives during 2008, contains a collection
of letters sent to the MoD between 1985 and 1992 describing alleged ‘close encounter
reports, alien entities and [alien] abductions.’
AVIA 65/33 contains papers and photographs relating to Project Y (1953-55), a
Canadian proposal to design a saucer-shaped vertical takeoff (VTOL) aircraft. This file
shows that both the Air Ministry and Ministry of Supply wished to develop ideas for
saucer-shaped aircraft but no progress was made due to cost and technical difficulties.
Further papers on ‘unorthodox aircraft’ designs, including flying saucers, from 1949-52
can be found in DEFE 41/117 and DEFE 41/118.
BJ 5/311 contains papers collected by the Meteorological Office relating to UFO reports
and policy 1968-1970. The Met Office have provided technical advice to the Air Staff
secretariat on UFO matters since 1950, but this is the only surviving file containing
evidence of their input to official policy.
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DEFE 71/33 contains a brief discussion between RAF, Air Traffic Control and the
Defence Intelligence Staff concerning UFOs as a potential hazard to civil aviation, 1977-
78.
AIR 2/19119 and AIR 2/19117 contains papers relating to the MoD's involvement in two
BBC TV productions on UFOs. In 1972 the head of S4 (Air), Anthony Davies, appeared
on a UFO debate screened by BBC2's Man Alive series. He was also interviewed by
BBC Radio Oxford for a programme broadcast later that year. DEFE 24/1565 contains a
transcript of the head of S4 (Air)’s contribution on a Yorkshire TV programme on UFOs
shown in 1979.
The Ministry of Defence hold a number of UFO-related files dating from 1992 to the
present day. Since 2005, under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) they have
continued to release information to requestors and added material to their FOI
publication scheme. In 2008 MoD announced their intention to transfer all their
remaining records on UFOs to The National Archives before 2010. This transfer has now
begun with 27 UFO files dating from 1979 to 1991 opened to the public via The National
Archives UFO website during 2008. Further files will be added in 2009 and 2010. This
briefing document will be updated when this material becomes available. .
One of the first UFO files to be released by the Ministry of Defence under the Code of
Practice for Access to Government Information, the predecessor of the FOIA, in 2001
was that containing papers on the famous Rendlesham Forest incident, often called
'Britain's Roswell'. The sightings took place over two nights late in December 1980 at
RAF Woodbridge, Suffolk, an airbase loaned to the USAF. Mysterious lights were seen
to land in the forest beyond the perimeter of the base and a group of airmen went to
investigate. They reported seeing lights they were unable to identify moving through the
trees. The next day marks were allegedly found on the ground and on trees in the forest
where the men claimed the UFO had landed. Two nights later UFOs were again sighted
from the base and the deputy base commander, Lt Col Charles Halt, took a team of
handpicked men into the woods to investigate. During the expedition Halt saw several
unidentified lights and made a live tape recording of the incident.
Early in January 1981 Halt produced an official report on the incidents, titled
'Unexplained Lights' that was sent to Defence Secretariat 8 (DS8) at Whitehall. Halt's
original typewritten report and the follow-up inquiries made by MoD can be seen at
reference DEFE 24/1512. A file dedicated to the Rendlesham incident was subsequently
opened by DS8 in 1982. This contains Halt's memo and briefings prepared for a
Parliamentary question tabled by Major Patrick Wall MP in 1983 when the News of the
World published the story. The remainder of the file covers internal discussion of the
case and correspondence from the public between 1983 and 1995. The Rendlesham
file is expected to be transferred to The National Archives in 2009.
Further information on UFOs released by the MoD can be accessed online via their FOI
Publication Scheme at:
http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/FreedomOfInformation/PublicationScheme
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This includes a recent policy statement on UFOs, a copy of the Flying Saucer Working
Party report of 1951 and responses to a number of FOI requests received by the MoD
from members of the public since 2005.
A comprehensive tabulated list of UFO sightings reported to MoD's Directorate of Air
Staff (DAS), between 1997 and 2007, is available via the Publication Scheme here:
http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/FreedomOfInformation/PublicationScheme/SearchP
ublicationScheme/UfoReports19972007InTheUk.htm
The MoD website also contains a PDF copy of the Defence Intelligence Staff (DIS) study
'UAPs in the UK Air Defence Region', completed in 2000 and released as a result of an
FOI request in May 2006:
http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/FreedomOfInformation/PublicationScheme/SearchP
ublicationScheme/UapInTheUkAirDefenceRegionExecutiveSummary.htm
Briefing document
This briefing document should not be considered comprehensive and it is likely that
further information can be found by undertaking bibliographic research and
searching The National Archives’ Catalogue
(http://www.catalogue.nationalarchives.gov.uk/). Clicking on the relevant links in
this file will take you to the relevant catalogue entry.
_______________________________
Will Obama and Clinton honor a U.N. decision and release U.S. secret UFO
and extraterrestrial files?
February 2, 2009
President Barack Obama and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton both face an
immediate, international cross-roads at the United Nations on whether or not to honor a
U.N. General Assembly (UNGA) Decision on releasing U.S. secret files on
unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and extraterrestrial life.
On January 21, 2009, Obama stated, "Transparency and the rule of law will be the
touchstones of this Presidency." He issued a Memorandum on Transparency that
promised that “my Administration is committed to creating an unprecedented level of
openness in Government. We will work together to ensure the public trust and establish
a system of transparency, public participation, and collaboration. Openness will
strengthen our democracy and promote efficiency and effectiveness in Government.”
Obama directed all U.S. government departments to abide by the terms on this
Memorandum.
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U.S. INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY 0098906-06-01
U.N. General Assembly Decision 33/426, adopted December 18, 1978, "invites
interested Member States to take appropriate steps to coordinate on a national level
scientific research and investigation into extraterrestrial life, including unidentified flying
objects (UFOs), and to inform the Secretary-General of the observations, research and
evaluation of such activities.”
Overseas, President Obama’s peers are not shirking from ad hoc compliance with the
U.N. General Assembly Decision. On January 31, 2009, U.K. conservative party leader
David Cameron, who is favoured to succeed Gordon Brown as U.K. Prime Minister,
“vowed today that if he was elected Prime Minister he would bring an end to the era of
government secrecy over UFOs and extra-terrestrial activity.”
On January 28, 2009, 8 days after the inauguration of President Barack Hussein
Obama, Denmark became the latest U.N. member nation, by releasing 15,000 of its
secret unidentified flying object (UFO) and extraterrestrial-related files. With this official
act, Denmark functionally complied part of UNGA Decision 33/426.
Since 2004, a number of U.N. member nations have undertaken some release of their
secret UFO and extraterrestrial-related files, including Brazil, Chile, Denmark, France,
Mexico, Peru, and the United Kingdom, in ad hoc partial compliance with UNGA
Decision 33/426.
On May 11, 2004, the Mexican Department of Defence released secret unidentified
flying object (UFO) reports. On May 20, 2005, the Brazilian Air Force released classified
extraterrestrial-related and unidentified flying object (UFO) reports to researchers.
Concurrently, Peru and Chile (and other nations) have also released secret unidentified
flying object (UFO) reports.
On March 22, 2007, the French Space Agency announced it was making public its
secret files on possible extraterrestrial sightings at www.cnes-geipan.fr. Of the French
government secret files, the New Scientist reports: “Of the 1600 cases registered since
1954, nearly 25% are classified as ‘type D’, meaning that ‘despite good or very good
data and credible witnesses, we are confronted with something we can't explain.”
On May 2, 2007 the U.K. Ministry of Defence announced it was releasing up to 7200
classified unidentified flying object (UFO) reports files going back to 1967, collected by
DI55, a secret unit within the Ministry of Defence.
Then a year later, on May 13, 2008, the 91st anniversary of the May 13, 1917 Fatima
UFO sighting and the first major Vatican extraterrestrial cover-up, the Vatican official
newspaper L'Osservatore Romano published an interview with the Jesuit chief of the
Vatican Observatory stating that "extraterrestrials are our brothers."
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The next day, on May 14, 2008, - Israel's 60th anniversary - the U.K. Ministry of Defence
executed a massive document dump of previously secret unidentified flying object (UFO)
files, with no context or explanation. On Oct. 20, 2008, the UK Ministry of Defence
released 19 more secret files, and ABC Nightline News broadcast a TV news segment
suggesting a state of ongoing hostilities between unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and
extraterrestrials, and U.K. and U.S. armed forces.
2009-01-18
Dennis Blair finished his 34-year naval career as Commander-in-Chief of United States
Pacific Command (USPACOM), the highest-ranking officer over all U.S. forces in the
Asia-Pacific region (1999-2002). Headquartered at Honolulu, Hawaii, the U.S. Pacific
Command is the oldest and largest of the ten Unified Combatant Commands. Blair’s
position gave him access to the U.S. Navy’s X-Files.
The existence of the Navy’s X-Files was first revealed by deceased Navy
whistleblower, William Cooper. From 1970-1973, Cooper served as part of the
Intelligence Briefing Team of Admiral Bernard Clarey, Commander in Chief of the United
States Pacific Fleet (CINCPAC). Cooper’s job was to help brief Admiral Clarey about
the latest naval intelligence on national security issues. During the final years of service
with U.S. naval intelligence, Cooper had Top Secret and ‘Q’ level security clearances,
and ‘need-to-know’ access to the Navy’s X-Files. He witnessed numerous documents
concerning UFOs and extraterrestrial life.
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To support his claims, Cooper was willing to "produce the names of approximately 38
U.S. Navy officers and enlisted men who witnessed these documents while in the
service of their country.” Cooper’s claims were never investigated in any public inquiry.
After his inauguration and Blair’s confirmation, President Obama will receive daily
intelligence briefings from Admiral Blair. The intelligence data that Blair receives from his
Office of National Intelligence will be limited to what the intelligence community is willing
to share with his office. Blair’s experiences with the Navy’s X-Files, however, make it
possible for him to gain access to each intelligence agency’s X-Files.
Blair can work with Obama’s incoming CIA Director, Leon Panetta, to gain access
to the CIA’s X-Files. Blair can assist with the knowledge he acquired when he served
as the first Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Military Support in the 1990s.
Accessing the CIA’s and other agencies X-Files will allow Blair to genuinely coordinate
intelligence data on UFOs and extraterrestrial life.
Blair has the unique experience and authority to brief President Obama about the X-
Files hidden among various branches of the U.S. Intelligence Community.
Such briefings will enhance Blair’s ability to coordinate intelligence data from different
intelligence agency’s X-Files. If President Obama does receive X-Files briefings from
Blair, Obama will have the opportunity to disclose information about UFOs and
extraterrestrial life to the general public.
Medias - Reference:
http://www.examiner.com/x-2383-Honolulu-Exopolitics-
Examiner~y2009m1d16-US-Navy-XFiles-known-to-
Obamas-Intelligence-Chief
http://www.examiner.com/x-2383-Honolulu-
Exopolitics-Examiner~y2009m1d14-Briefing-
Obama-on-UFOs-and-Extraterrestrial-Life
http://www.examiner.com/x-2383-Honolulu-
Exopolitics-Examiner~y2009m1d9-Prying-open-
the-CIAs-XFiles
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http://www.examiner.com/x-2383-Honolulu-
Exopolitics-Examiner~y2009m1d7-Obamas-
choice-of-CIA-Director-signals-renewed-effort-to-
disclose-CIA-XFiles
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The presumption of disclosure also means that agencies should take affirmative
steps to make information public. They should not wait for specific requests from the
public. All agencies should use modern technology to inform citizens about what is
known and done by their Government. Disclosure should be timely.
I direct the Attorney General to issue new guidelines governing the FOIA to the
heads of executive departments and agencies, reaffirming the commitment to
accountability and transparency, and to publish such guidelines in the Federal
Register. In doing so, the Attorney General should review FOIA reports produced by
the agencies under Executive Order 13392 of December 14, 2005. I also direct the
Director of the Office of Management and Budget to update guidance to the agencies
to increase and improve information dissemination to the public, including through
the use of new technologies, and to publish such guidance in the Federal Register.
This memorandum does not create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural,
enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its
departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other
person.
The Director of the Office of Management and Budget is hereby authorized and
directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
BARACK OBAMA
The United Nations, and unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and extraterrestrial life
The Obama transition team set up a special website at www.change.gov and requested
public input regarding priorities for Obama administration policies. Although
extraterrestrial disclosure ranked as one of the highest single public priorities, there is no
public reference on the Obama White House website to extraterrestrial disclosure, in
violation of the Obama transition team’s public rules of engagement. The
www.change.gov website has been discontinued, and researchers are referred to
www.whitehouse.gov for information on citizen input into Obama administration public
policies.
The issue of the extraterrestrial presence on earth has been the subject of a sustained
cover-up by the U.S. government, codified in official government policy since the U.S.
Central Intelligence Agency's Robertson panel of 1953 decreed that media professionals
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had to ridicule issues dealing with extraterrestrials at the expense of being fired.
Citizens who reported extraterrestrial contact were to be harassed and stigmatized,
according to the policies of the Robertson Panel.
Robertson Panel policies were still in force following the sighting of a 524 to 1048 foot
space craft over Stephenville, Texas on January 8, 2008. Reporter Angelia Joiner was
reportedly harassed by superiors and fired from her position at the Stephenville Empire
Tribune. Likewise, civilian witnesses of the spacecraft were reportedly harassed by
telephone calls and helicopters. The spacecraft that overflew Stephenville, TX on
January 8, 2008 went on to overly the then Texas White House unopposed, according to
a radar report released by the FAA.
Despite citizen input into the Obama transition team showing that extraterrestrial
disclosure was a high priority, the Obama White House has apparently chosen to
continue the anti-extraterrestrial policies decreed by the 1953 Robertson Panel
With regard to outer space issues, the only substantive mention on the White House
website of outer space issues is in regard to military policy, and a relative continuation of
militaristic policies regarding the weaponization of space.
Obama administration agenda on space weaponization (From the White House website)
"* National Missile Defense: The Obama-Biden Administration will support missile
defense, but ensure that it is developed in a way that is pragmatic and cost-effective;
and, most importantly, does not divert resources from other national security priorities
until we are positive the technology will protect the American public.
"* Ensure Freedom of Space: The Obama-Biden Administration will restore American
leadership on space issues, seeking a worldwide ban on weapons that interfere with
military and commercial satellites. They will thoroughly assess possible threats to U.S.
space assets and the best options, military and diplomatic, for countering them,
establishing contingency plans to ensure that U.S. forces can maintain or duplicate
access to information from space assets and accelerating programs to harden U.S.
satellites against attack."
Source: http://www.whitehouse.gov/agenda/defense/
This approach continues the weaponization of space. The Obama administration has
taken no steps to address space-based weapons of mass destruction such as HAARP,
an electromagnetic weapons system whose space-based component weaponizes the
ionosphere. There is solid research showing that HAARP is a weapons system
responsible for tectonic warfare and weather warfare, including triggering the May 3,
2008 cyclone in Myanmar which killed up to 150,000 persons, and the May 12, 2008
earthquake in China which killed up to 80,000 persons. Skeptics of this information are
welcome to listen to a 7 part radio series on HAARP by independent scientist Leuren
Moret. The Space Preservation Treaty bans space-based weapons systems like
HAARP which weaponize natural systems like the ionosphere.
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The entire citizen effort at input into White House policy that took place during the
Obama transition period with regard to extraterrestrial disclosure has for functional
purposes been disregarded and covered up, as evidenced by the public policy agenda
laid out on the Obama White House website. The 1953 Robertson Panel policy is
continuing in force, and there is no immediate change in U.S. policy towards
extraterrestrial disclosure.
Honolulu Exopolitics Examiner Dr. Michael Salla has provided insights into the valuable
potential for release of anti-gravitic technology by centralization of energy issues under
the Obama's Administration's National Security Council. The release of anti-gravitic
technology into the civilian market place will begin to erode the monopoly of petroleum
and nuclear power, which now provide 90% of energy needs.
If the National Security Council chooses to continue the 1953 Robertson Panel policy of
banning the extraterrestrial public policy issue (as the White House website has already
done), then the centralization of energy and other issues in the National Security Council
is not a good development for extraterrestrial disclosure, whatever its impact on energy
policy might be.
The cover-up of important civilian input in the transition phase of Obama administration
priorities does not bode well for overturning the pernicious mandate of the CIA 1953
Robertson Panel. By continuing the cover-up at the White House level of the issue of
the extraterrestrial presence as a legitimate subject of discourse, the Obama
administration has sent a powerful signal to the war economy that it will continue the
policy of an extraterrestrial embargo, support the information war against ethical
extraterrestrials, and support the planned colonization of inhabited planets such as Mars.
Alfred Webre
Seattle Exopolitics Examiner
March 4, 2009
http://www.examiner.com/x-2912-Seattle-Exopolitics-Examiner~y2009m3d4-Obama-team-coversup-citizen-
extraterrestrial-disclosure-input-on-White-House-website
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