Gear 3
Gear 3
Gear 3
DESIGN PROBLEMS
751.
Decide upon the pitch, face, N g , material, and heat treatment of a pair of straight
bevel gears to transmit continuously and indefinitely a uniform loading of 5 hp at
900 rpm of the pinion, reasonable operating temperature, high reliability;
mg 1.75 ; D p 3.333 in . Pinion overhangs, gear is straddle mounted.
Solution:
L rp2 rg2 2
1
tan p
1
1
mg 1.75
p 29.75
L sin p rp
L sin 29.75
L 3.358 in
Ft
3.333
2
33,000hp
lb
vm
D p n p 3.333 900
785.4 fpm
12
12
33,000 5
Ft
210 lb
785.4
vm
Fd VF N sf K m Ft
50 vm2 50 785.4 2
VF
1.56
50
50
1
Wear load
s 2 Cl
Fw D pbI cd2
C e K t Cr
D p 3.333 in
Temperature factor
K t 1.0 , reasonable operating temperature
Life factor for wear
Cl 1.0 for indefinite life
Reliability factor for wear
Cr 1.25 high reliability
Page 1 of 16
scd
1 .0
3.3331.0 0.08
2
2800 1.01.25
393
19,0001.0 0.240
1
0.7111.5 393
Pd
Pd 11
say Pd 10
10
10
so that b P 10 1.0 in
d
Dg D p mg 3.3331.75 5.833 in
N g Pd Dg 10 5.833 58.33
say N g 58
Use Pd 10 , b 1.0 in , N g 58
Material = steel, min. Bhn = 300
Page 2 of 16
A pair of steel Zerol bevel gears to transmit 25 hp at 600 rpm of the pinion;
mg 3 ; let N p 20 teeth; highest reliability; the pinion is overhung, the gear
straddle mounted. An electric motor drives a multi-cylinder pump. (a) Decide
upon the pitch, face width, diameters, and steel (with treatment) for intermittent
service. (b) The same as (a) except that indefinite life is desired.
Solution:
N
20
Dp p
Pd
Pd
vm
D p n p
12
20
600
1000
Pd
fpm
12
Pd
10
Let b P
d
Dynamic load
Fd VF N sf K m Ft
Ft
Ft
33,000hp
lb
vm
33,000 25
262.6 Pd
1000
P
d
1000
50
1
50 vm2
Pd
VF
50
50
1.121
1.121
1
1
2
Pd
Pd
Table 15.2, electric motor drives a multi-cylinder pump
Service factor, N sf 1.25
One gear straddle, one not, K m 1.2
1.121
1.251.2 262.6 Pd 394 Pd 1 1.121
Fd 1
Pd
Pd
Page 3 of 16
Ng
Np
N p 20
N p 3 20 60
10
Pd
10
0.205 4.6
1.121
Pd
394 Pd 1
Pd 0.711.0 3
Pd
15,000
66,408
1.121
394 Pd 1
2
Pd
Pd
Pd 4.814
say Pd 5
10 10
b
2.0 in
Pd
5
Fw D pbI 2
C Kt Cr
e
Dp
Np
Pd
20
4 in
5
K t 1.0
Pd 5
Fw Fd
Page 4 of 16
1.5
4 2 0.083 scd 2
2800 1.0 1.25
scd 155,730 psi
1.121
394 5 1
Table 15.3
Use steel, min. BHN = 360, scd 160 ksi
Pd 5
b 2 in
D p 4 in
Dg mg D p 3 4 12 in
10
0.2051.0
1.121
Pd
394 Pd 1
Pd 0.711.0 3
Pd
15,000
14,437
1.121
394 Pd 1
2
Pd
Pd
Pd 2.799
say Pd 3
10 10
b
3.33 in
Pd
3
Wear load
s 2 Cl
Fw D pbI cd2
C e K t Cr
Dp
Np
Pd
20
6.67 in
3
Fw Fd
2
1.0
6.67 3.33 0.083 scd 2
2800 1.0 1.25
scd 113,744 psi
Table 15.3
Use steel, min. BHN = 240, scd 115 ksi
Page 5 of 16
1.121
394 3 1
Dg mg D p 3 6.67 20 in
Decide upon the pitch, face, and number of teeth for two spiral-bevel gears for a
speed reducer. The input to the pinion is 20 hp at 1750 rpm; mg 1.9 ; pinion
overhung, gear-straddle mounted. It is hoped not to exceed a maximum D p of 4
3/8-in.; steel gears with minimum 245 BHN on pinion and 210 BHN on gear. The
gear is motor-driven, subject to miscellaneous drives involving moderate shock;
indefinite life against breakage and wear with high reliability. If the gears
designed for the foregoing data are to be subjected to intermittent service only,
how much power could they be expected to transmit?
Solution:
D p n p 4.3751750
2000 fpm
(a) vm
12
12
33,000hp 33,000 20
Ft
330 lb
vm
2000
Dynamic load
Fd VF N sf K m Ft
Table 15.2
Motor-driven, moderate shock
Page 6 of 16
70 vm2
VF
70
1
, spiral
70 2000 2
VF
70
1.254
Wear load
s 2 Cl
Fw D pbI cd2
C e K t Cr
D p 4.375 in
116,000 2
1 .0
Fw 4.375 b 0.12
2
Fw Fd
721b 621
b 0.8613 in
say b
7
in 0.875 in
8
Strength of gear
s bJ
Kl
Fs d
Pd K s K t K r
sd = design flexural stress
min. BHN = 210
sd 15.4 ksi
Page 7 of 16
721b
Reliability factor
K r 1.5 high reliability
Geometry factor Fig. 15.6
Assume J 0.28
Fs
1
3543
0.7111.5 P
Pd
Fs Fd
3543
621
Pd
Pd 5.7
say Pd 6
7
in , N p D p Pd 4.375 6 26
8
N g mw N p 1.9 26 50
Then, Pd 6 , b
Wear load
s 2 Cl
Fw D pbI cd2
C e K t Cr
D p 4.375 in
K t 1.0
Cr 1.25
Page 8 of 16
116,000 2
1.5
Fw 4.375 0.875 0.116
2
1098 lb
use Fw Fd
Fd VF N sf K m Ft
CHECK PROBLEMS
755.
Teeth are carburized AISI 8620, SOQT 450 F. The pinion overhangs, the gear is
straddle-mounted. Would these gears be expected to perform with high reliability
in continuous service? If not would you expect more than 1 failure in 100?
Solution:
Dp
vm
Ft
Dg 15
5 in
mg
3
D p n p 5 500
655 fpm
12
12
33,000hp 33,000 45
2267 lb
vm
655
Dynamic load
Fd VF N sf K m Ft
50 vm2 50 655 2
VF
1.512
50
50
1
Page 9 of 16
N g Pd Dg 4 15 60
J 0.205
sd 30 ksi (55 63 Rc) for carburized teeth
Fs
1
5143
0.711 K K
r
r
Fs Fd
5143
4113
Kr
Wear load
s 2 Cl
Fw D pbI cd2
C e K t Cr
D p 5 in
b 2.375 in
225,000 2 1
Fw 5 2.375 0.083
2800 2 1 Cr
6364
Cr2
Fw Fd
6364
4113
Cr2
Cr 1.244 1.25 , high reliability
Since K r 1.5 ,this will not perform high reliability but 1 in 100, K r 1.12 1.25
756.
A gear catalog rates a pair of cast-iron, straight-bevel gears at 15.26 hp at 800 rpm
of the 16-tooth pinion; mg 3.5 , b 3 in. , Pd 3 ; pinion overhangs, straddlemounted gear. Assume the cast iron to be class 30. If the load is smooth is this
rating satisfactory, judging by the design approach of the Text for good reliability
Page 10 of 16
1117 fpm
12
12
33,000hp 33,00015.26
Ft
451 lb
vm
1117
Dynamic load
Fd VF N sf K m Ft
50 vm2 50 1117 2
VF
1.668
50
50
1
(a) Strength
s bJ
Kl
Fs d
Pd K s K t K r
Pd 3 ,
K s 0.76
Kl 1
Kt 1
K r 1. 5
sd 4.6 ksi , cast-iron class 30
N p 16
N g mw N p 3.516 56
J 0.184
4,600 3 0.184
1
Fs
742 lb 903 lb Fd
3
0.76 11.5
with
Page 11 of 16
D p 5.333 in
b 3 in
Kt 1
Cr 1.25
50,000 2
1
2
2250 11.25
389 lb Fd 903 lb
An 870-rpm motor drives a belt conveyor through bevel gears having 18 and 72
teeth; Pd 6 , b 1
3
in . Both gears are straddle-mounted. What horsepower
4
may these gears transmit for an indefinite life with high reliability if both gears
are (a) cast-iron, class 40; (b) AISI 5140, OQT 1000 F; (c) AISI 5140, OQT 1000
F, flame hardened (d) AISI 8620, SOQT 450 F?
Solution:
N
18
Dp p
3 in
Pd
6
D p n p 3 870
vm
683 fpm
12
12
Dynamic load
Fd VF N sf K m Ft
50 vm2 50 683 2
VF
1.523
50
50
1
Page 12 of 16
Figure 15.5, N p 18 , N g 72
J 0.204
70001.75 0.204
1
Fs
434 lb
6
0.64 11.5
Wear:
s 2 Cl
Fw D pbI cd2
C e K t Cr
D p 3 in
b 1
3
in
4
65,000 2
1
Fw 31.75 0.082
2
2250 11.25
230 lb
Fd Fw
1.523Ft 230
Ft 151 lb
hp
151 683 3 hp
Ft vm
33,000
33,000
Fs
19,0001.75 0.204
Wear:
Page 13 of 16
1
0.64 11.5 1178 lb
s 2 Cl
Fw D pbI cd2
C e K t Cr
135,000 2
1
Fw 31.75 0.082
2
2800 11.25
640 lb
Fd Fw
1.523Ft 640
Ft 420 lb
hp
Ft vm
420 683 8.7 hp
33,000
33,000
Fs
1
0.64 11.5 837 lb
Wear:
Fw D pbI
2
Cl
scd
2
C e K t Cr
190,000 2
1
Fw 31.75 0.082
2
2800 11.25
1269 lb
Fd Fs
1.523Ft 837
Ft 550 lb
hp
33,000
33,000
30,0001.75 0.204
1
0.6411.5 1859 lb
Wear:
s 2 Cl
Fw D pbI cd2
C e K t Cr
Page 14 of 16
225,000 2
1
Fw 31.75 0.082
2
11.25
2800
1779 lb
Fd Fw
1.523Ft 1779
Ft 1168 lb
hp
758.
33,000
33,000
A pair of straight-bevel gears transmits 15 hp at a pinion speed of 800 rpm;
Pd 5 , N p 20 , N p 60 , b 2 in . Both gears are made of AISI 4140 steel,
OQT 800 F. What reliability factor is indicated for these gears for strength and
for wear (a) for smooth loads, (b) for light shock load from the power source and
heavy shock on the driven machine?
Solution:
N
20
Dp p
4 in
Pd
5
D p n p 4 800
vm
838 fpm
12
12
33,000hp 33,00015
Ft
591 lb
vm
838
Fd VF N sf K m Ft
50 vm2 50 838 2
VF
1.579
50
50
1
assume K m 1.0
Figure 15.5, N p 20 , N g 60
J 0.205
24,000 2 0.205
1
2916
Fs
5
Kr
0.6751 K r
Page 15 of 16
Wear load:
s 2 Cl
Fw D pbI cd2
C e K t Cr
BHN = 429
Table 15.3, scd 190 ksi
Table 15.4, steel and steel, Ce 2800
D p 4 in
b 2 in
190,000 2 1
Fw 4 2 0.083
2800 2 1 Cr
3058
Cr2
Fd Fw
933 N sf
Cr
3058
Cr2
1.810
N sf
3.1254 3.1254
3.1254
N sf
1
1.810 1.810
1.810
For wear, Cr N
1
sf
For strength, K r
3.1254 3.1254
1.5627
N sf
2
1.810 1.810
1.2799
For wear, Cr N
2
sf
For strength, K r
- end -
Page 16 of 16