Advance ISTQB
Advance ISTQB
Advance ISTQB
You are working as a test manager in the medical domain leading a team of system testers. You
are currently working on a major release of the product which gives customers many new
features
and resolves a number of problem reports from previous releases.
QUESTION NO: 1
You are about to release a test progress report to a senior manager, who is not a test specialist.
Which of the following topics should NOT be included in the test progress report?
A. Product risks which have been mitigated and those which are outstanding.
B. Recommendations for taking controlling actions
C. Status compared against the started exit criteria
D. Detailed overview of the risk-based test approach being used to ensure the exit criteria to be
achieved
Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 2
Explain how the above mentioned report may differ from a report that you produce for the
project
manager, who is a test specialist Select TWO items from the following options that can be used
to
report to the project manager and would not be included in a report to senior management.
A. Show details on effort spent
B. List of all outstanding defects with their priority and severity
C. Give product risk status
D. Show trend analysis
E. State recommendations for release
Answer: A,B
QUESTION NO: 3
Consider the typical objectives of testing. Which of the following metrics can be used to
measure
the effectiveness of the testing process in achieving one of those objectives?
A. Average number of days between defect discovery and resolution
B. Percentage of requirements covered
C. Lines of code written per developer per day
QUESTION NO: 4
You have been given responsibility for the non-functional testing of a safety-critical monitoring &
diagnostics package in the medical area. Which of the following would you least expect to see
addressed in the test plan?
A. Availability
B. Safety
C. Portability
D. Reliability
Answer: C
QUESTION NO: 5
Since the system is in the medical domain and therefore in the safety critical area, testing needs
to
be rigorous and evidence is required that the system has been adequately tested. Identify
THREE
measures that would typically be part of the test approach in this domain and which are not
always
applicable in other domains!
A. High level of documentation
B. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) sessions
C. Traceability to requirements
D. Non-functional testing
E. Master test planning
F. Test design techniques
G. Reviews
Answer: A,B,C
QUESTION NO: 6
A test log is one of the documents that need to be produced in this domain in order to provide
evidence of testing. However, the level of detail of test logs can vary. Which of the following is
NOT an influencing factor for the level of detail of the test logs being produced?
A. Level of test execution automation
B. Test level
C. Regulatory requirements
D. Experience level of testers
Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 7
Considerable attention will be given in this project to defining exit criteria and on reporting back
on
their status. Which combination of TWO exit criteria from the list would be best to use?
I. Total number of defects found
II. Percentage of test cases executed
III. Total test effort planned versus total actual test effort spent
IV. Defect trend (number of defects found per test run over time
A. (i) and (ii)
B. (i) and (iv)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (ii) and (iv)
Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 9
As part of the improvement program, the organization is also looking at tool support. Which type
of
tool could be used to ensure higher quality of the code to be reviewed?
A. Review tool
B. Test execution tool
C. Static analysis tool
D. Test design tool
Answer: C
QUESTION NO: 10
What is the main reason why reviews are especially beneficial in the above-mentioned
scenario?
A. They ensure a common understanding of the product.
B. They find defects early.
C. They enhance project communication.
D. They can be performed without exercising the code.
Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 11
The introduction of reviews and inspections has often failed as a process improvement action.
Identify the THREE most important measures that should be taken to reduce the risk that this
test
process improvement will fail.
A. Process ownership and experienced moderators who drive the inspection process.
B. Management support
C. Training of those involved
D. The availability of stands and processes
E. Usage of a more traditional software development lifecycle
F. Alignment with software process improvement
G. Using a reference model, e.g. TMMi
Answer: A,B,C
QUESTION NO: 12
IEEE 1028 also defines management review as a type of review. What is the main purpose of
a
management review?
A. Align technical concepts during the design phase
B. Establish a common understanding of requirements
C. Provide independent evaluation of compliance to processes, regulations, standards etc.
D. To monitor progress, assess the status of a project, and make decisions about future actions
Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 13
Which of the following is an example of testing as part of the requirements specification phase?
A. A requirements review meeting
B. A business analyst eliciting requirements
C. Performing acceptance tests against requirements
D. A test report showing requirements coverage
Answer: A
QUESTION NO: 14
Select THREE issues from the options provided that should at least be raised.
A. Has there been sufficient comparison of tools?
B. What are the problems we are trying to address?
C. Do we have a set of tool requirements to validate the tool against?
D. How will the implementation be organized?
E. Which project will be selected to perform the tool pilot?
F. Is customized training available?
G. How will the change process be managed?
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 15
Which of the following would you least expect to form part of the analysis of initial tool costs?
A. Integration with other tools
B. Learning time required to use the new tool
C. Tool portability
D. Evaluation of suitable tools
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 16
Which of the following are valid reasons for adopting a different life cycle (from the V model), for
increments after the first year?
i. We do not have a clear understanding of the requirements from a customer perspective.
ii. We see the risk of delivering requested functionality late as being higher than the risk of
delivering a lower quality product.
iii. We do not have a budget for additional regression testing which is needed to ensure that
existing functionality is not compromised by future iterations.
iv. The company test strategy does not fit well within the V life cycle model.
A. (i) and (ii)
B. (i) and (iv)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (ii) and (iv)
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 17
Which of the following is a characteristic of good testing in any life cycle model?
A. Analysis and design of tests begins as soon as development is completed.
B. Some, but not all, development activities have corresponding test activities.
C. Each test level has test objectives specific to that level.
D. All document reviews involve the development team.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 18
Which of the following would you expect to see in the master test plan?
A. A description of how the test cases are cross-referenced to requirements in the test
management tool.
B. A detailed identification of the resources that will carry out structural testing in the first
iteration.
C. The test approach that will be applied at system integration testing.
D. A list of the names of the testers who will carry out the performance testing for the final
iteration.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 19
Which of the following would be the most significant input to estimating the time to carry out the
QUESTION NO: 20
Which of the following would be the TWO most appropriate examples of entry criteria
documented
in the system integration test plan?
A. The percentage of decision coverage achieved during unit testing.
B. The availability of the latest version of the capture-replay tool (for testing the interface with
the
newly developed test management tool).
C. The sign-off of a performance test software release note (test item transmittal report) by both
development and testing showing that system performance meets the specified acceptance
criteria.
D. The percentage of acceptance test procedures scheduled for execution.
E. The percentage of requirements coverage achieved during system integration test.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 21
Which test management control option is most appropriate to adopt under these circumstances?
A. Introduce mandatory evening and weekend working to retrieve the 3 week slippage.
B. Reconsider the exit criteria and review the test plan in the context of the current situation.
C. Advise the user community regarding the reduced scope of requirements and the additional
incremental delivery.
D. Arrange a meeting with the user community representatives to discuss the user interface.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 22
Risks should be constantly reviewed. Given the current situation, which one of the following
factors is most likely to lead to a revised view of product risk?
A. The concerns over the user interface may lead to changes to the interface which cannot be
implemented by development in time for the second test iteration.
B. The concerns over the user interface raises the likelihood of a risk in that area and increases
the amount of test effort needed for the user interface, thereby limiting the test effort available
for
other parts of the test management tool.
C. The delivery of the application without the interface changes may upset the user community.
D. The method used for test estimation is not accurate enough and hence the money spent on
testing exceeded its budget.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 23
Which of the following is least likely to be used as a technique to identify project and product
risks?
A. Brainstorming
B. Inspections
C. Expert interviews
D. Independent assessments
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 24
Which of the following is a project risk mitigation step you might take as test manager?
A. Testing for performance problems
B. Hiring a contractor after a test analyst leaves the company
C. Arranging a back-up test environment in case the existing one fails during testing
D. Performing a project retrospective meeting using the test results after each increment
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 25
You have been asked to write a testing strategy for the company. Which statement best explains
how risk can be addressed within the testing strategy?
A. A test strategy should address identified generic product risks and present a process for
mitigating those risks in line with the testing policy.
B. A test strategy identifies the specific product for a project risk and defines the approach for
the
test project.
C. A test strategy is derived from the test policy and describes the way risk assessments are
performed in projects.
D. A test strategy is the result of a project risk analysis and defines the approach and resources
for testing.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 26
In addition to risk, identify TWO other components of a testing strategy.
A. The entry and exit criteria for each test phase
B. Test training needs for the project resources
C. The test design techniques to be used
D. Test performance indicators
E. The test schedule
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 27
Part of the testing strategy indicates that you are going to be using systematic test design
techniques. Your manager has asked that you present the main advantages of using these
techniques at the next board meeting. Identify THREE main benefits of using systematic test
design techniques within this company. (for 2 out of 3 correct )
A. Easier to quickly adapt testing to changing requirements compared to experienced-based
testing
B. Targets certain types of faults
C. Will guide experienced testers to find defects
D. Provides a way to differentiate depth of testing based on product risks by using different
techniques
E. More enhanced documentation and therefore higher repeatability and reproducibility
F. Will make non-systematic testing redundant
G. Will reduce the need for early reviews
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 28
What is the Risk Priority Number for risk item number 2?
A. 16
B. 2
C. 1
D. 63
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 29
What would be a test approach regarding the test design techniques to be applied that would fit
an
item with the highest risk?
A. Component testing: decision testing; System testing: exploratory testing
B. Component testing: decision testing; System testing: decision table testing
C. Component testing: statement testing; System testing: equivalence partitioning
D. Component testing: statement testing; System testing: decision table partitioning
Answer:
However, you did not have any luck in finding a suitable candidate. So now, you have been
asked
by IT management of XYZ to forward a proposal with alternative solutions for building an
automated regression test suite at system test level over a period of 2 years including needed
training and eventual handover to the test team.
QUESTION NO: 30
Which of the following is a benefit of independent testing?
A. Code cannot be released into production until independent testing is complete.
B. Testing is isolated from development.
C. Independent testers find different defects and are unbiased.
D. Developers do not have to take as much responsibility for quality.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 31
A number of options have been suggested for the level of independence to be employed for the
testing on the next project, and are shown below.
i. External test specialists perform non-functional testing.
ii. Testing is outsourced.
iii. Testing is carried out by the developer.
iv. A separate test team carries out the testing.
v. Testing is performed by the business.
vi. Testing is performed by a different developer.
Which of the following orders the above in a correct order of independence?
A. i, ii, iv, vi
B. ii, i, v, vi
C. ii, v, i, iii
D. i, iv, v, vi
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 32
Which of the following is a valid drawback of independent testing?
A. Developer and independent testing will overlap and waste resources.
B. Developers loose the sense of responsibility and independent testers may become a
bottleneck.
C. Independent testers need extra education and always cost more.
QUESTION NO: 33
Based on the information given in the scenario, identify how the team could be improved most
effectively?
A. By providing training in the payroll domain
B. By providing a workshop on test design techniques
C. By providing specific training on the systems being tested
D. By providing training on reviewing requirements
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 34
Which of the following team roles would be most appropriate to enhance the team and why?
A. A person with the ability to complete tasks
B. A quality assurance officer
C. A person with in-depth technical skills
D. A person who brings new ideas to the team
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 35
You are considering involving users during test execution. In general, what is the main reason
for
involving users during test execution?
A. They are a cheap resource
B. They have good testing skills
C. This can serve as a way to build their confidence in the system
D. They have the ability to also focus on invalid test cases
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 36
In addition to introducing the new team member, you have decided to raise motivation. Which of
the measures listed below would be the best measure to take in order to increase the motivation
of
the team?
QUESTION NO: 37
Evaluate the status of the project against the defined exit criteria. Which of the following options
shows the correct status?
A. Criteria A = OK, criteria B = OK, criteria C = OK
B. Criteria A = NOT OK, criteria B = NOT OK, criteria C = OK
C. Criteria A = OK, criteria B = NOT OK, criteria C = NOT OK
D. Criteria A = NOT OK, criteria B = NOT OK, criteria C = NOT OK
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 38
You have investigated different possibilities and selected four of them to present to IT
management. Which of the proposals will you most likely give your highest recommendations?
A. Insourcing of test automation based on an offer from a local company ABC that has people
who
are specialists in system level capture-replay automation tools and they also do regular training
courses in test automation methods and tools. They can then work closely with Vicki.
B. Outsourcing of test automation based on an offer from an Asian company, Asia AutoTest,
which
has people who are specialists in system level capture-replay automation tools. They also offer
training and besides they offer to run and maintain the regression tests in the future.
C. Internal offer from the development department of XYZ to create the regression package
using
Cpp Unit as test automation tool. One of the development groups have very good experiences
in
automating unit tests, and they are willing to do training as well.
D. Solution from a tool vendor offering to educate two test team members in the use of their
easy touse test automation capture replay tool over the first 3 month and based on that build the
regression test suite. In addition to Vicki, Steve is the only one that has time available to be
educated.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 39
Instead of having an independent test team within the company, the company is considering to
outsource testing. What are THREE key challenges that are typical for outsourcing?
A. Test environment more complex
B. Define expectation for tasks and deliverables
C. Clear channels of communications
D. Possibly different cultures
E. Testing of non-functional requirements
F. Audit trail from requirements to test cases
G. Applying test automation
Answer:
in
each increment has already been agreed on.
QUESTION NO: 40
Identify THREE items that would be part of the work-breakdown structure showing the key
testing
activities for the acceptance test project. (for 2 out of 3 correct )
A. Test planning, test case preparation and test execution for each of the four iterations
B. Work should be explicitly allocated to test completion, test management, installation and to
training on using the system
C. Activities to deploy the system in the user environment
D. Regression testing in the second, third and fourth iterations
E. Development activities for unit and integration testing
F. Reviews on requirements documentation
G. Defining test environment requirements for system testing
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 41
In general which part of the testing activity is most difficult to estimate?
A. Test planning
B. Test execution
C. Test management
D. Test design
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 42
In general, why is it NOT a good idea to estimate the testing effort based only on a percentage
of
development effort? Identify THREE valid reasons.
A. The quality of the development estimate may be poor.
B. In general bottom-up estimation is always better than top-down estimation.
C. The percentage based technique only applies to the V life cycle model.
D. Using the same percentage every time does not address the level of risk of the application to
be tested.
E. The maturity of the organization, e.g. the quality of the test basis, quality of development
testing, configuration management, availability of test tools, also influence the effort needed for
testing.
F. It builds on large set of historical data
G. The result is almost always a too low estimate for the required test effort
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 43
Which aspect in the test estimate is the main risk in this project?
A. Quality of the specification
B. Availability of end-users
C. The costs of hardware and tools
D. Unknown input quality due to third party development
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 45
The test improvement project will take place in an organization developing a safety-critical
avionics application. Which one of the following standards do you believe would be most
appropriate to take into account for compliance during your assignment?
A. ISO 9126
B. IEEE 829
C. BS 7925/2
D. DO-178B
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 46
Comparing TMMi and TPI, which is not a valid reason for choosing either TPI or TMMi?
A. If the scope of test performance improvement covers all test levels, TMMi is preferred since
TPI
focusses mainly on black-box testing.
B. If the organization is already applying CMMI, TMMi may be preferred since it has the same
structure and uses the same terminology. TMMi addresses management commitment very
strongly and is therefore more suitable to support a top-down improvement process.
C. TPI is much more a bottom-up model that is suitable for addressing test topics for a specific
(test) project.
D. TMMi can only be used with the traditional V model,whereas TPI can be used with all types
of
software life cycles.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 47
A test assessment has been carried out using the selected model as a reference framework. A
number of recommendations have been identified and you are asked to prioritize them. Based
on
your knowledge of the project, you are expecting severe resistance to change. Which of the
following would be the most important selection criterion for defining the priority of the
recommendations?
A. Synchronized with the overall long-term organizational strategy
B. Defined according to the maturity model used
C. Most visible to stakeholders
D. Low costs actions first
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 48
During test process improvement it is recommended to use standards where possible.
Standards
originate from various sources and they cover different subjects in relation to testing Pick TWO
sources of software standards, useful to software testing from the ones mentioned below.
A. ISO 9126-1 Software engineering- Product quality Part 1:
Quality model is an international standard, that provides a basis on which to define quality
assurance solutions.
B. ISA 4126-1 Software engineering- Product quality Part 1:
Quality model is an international standard, that provides a basis on which to define quality
assurance solutions.
C. BS-7925-2 Software testing. Software component testing is a national standard used
internationally. It covers a number of testing techniques that may be useful both on component
testing level and on system testing level.
D. SY-395-01 Standard for East Coast Hospital software is a regional standard adapted from a
national one. Besides hospital software, this standard ought to be used also by other types of
software system in the region.
E. IEEE 829 standard for software test documentation is an international standard to be
following
mandatory by all testing origination regardless of lifecycle models.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 49
Which of the following phases in the fundamental test process is considered to deliver a
document
which can be used as a major input for test process improvement?
A. Test planning and control
B. Test implementation & execution
C. Evaluating exit criteria and reporting
D. Test project closure
Answer:
strategy,
manage the testing of the project and organize the resources needed to carry out the testing.
QUESTION NO: 50
Which THREE activities would be valid steps during the development of the test strategy?
(2 out of 3 correct )
A. Identify test staff members that will be involved in the system test
B. Define test career paths
C. Understand the software development life cycle used by the software house
D. Assess the testing that needs to be done to minimize the risks
E. Issue the test strategy document for review
F. Define a master test plan template
G. Perform a project risk analysis
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 51
As part of the test strategy, entry and exit criteria will be defined for each test level. Which is
NOT
a valid reason for using entry and exit criteria?
A. The expectation is that development testing is not adequate.
B. Exit criteria are used to decide on when to stop testing.
C. Entry and exit criteria are a principal way for getting adequate resources.
D. Using entry and exit criteria will prevent software that is not or poorly tested from going to the
next test level.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 52
Within the projects, a master test plan and phase test plan will be used. Following is a list of
characteristics applicable for test plans:
a. Any deviation from the procedures described in the test strategy document
b. The overall estimated costs, timescales and resource requirements
c. A detailed schedule of testing activities
d. The development deliverables to be tested
e. Which test staff members (names) will be involved and when
f. Level of requirements coverage achieved
Which THREE of the above mentioned characteristics relate to the master test plan?
A. a
B. b
C. c
D. d
E. e
F. f
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 53
Within the projects, a master test plan and phase test plan will be used. Following is a list of
characteristics applicable for test plans:
a. Any deviation from the procedures described in the test
b. strategy document
c. The overall estimated costs, timescales and resource
d. requirements
e. A detailed schedule of testing activities
f. The development deliverables to be tested
g. Which test staff members (names) will be involved and when
h. Level of requirements coverage achieved
Which TWO of the above mentioned characteristics relate to the phase test plan?
A. a
B. b
C. c
D. d
E. e
F. f
Answer:
Topic 10, Scenario 10, V3 Online Application
The cancellation of a current major development project has released resources. The
development manager has decided to respond to his own request to tender and has proposed
an
in-house development with the use of a Rapid Application Development (RAO) approach.
QUESTION NO: 54
Which of the following product risks would be most effectively addressed just by static testing?
A. In the delivered application, one of the countries, as specified in the requirements, has not
been
correctly implemented.
B. The application takes too long to process a request for additional cover.
C. The test cases do not cover the key requirements.
D. The successful bidder may not deliver all the required functionality on time.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 55
The development manager is managing the review of the responses received from bidders, and
has asked the in-house test manager to provide a review checklist for the test management
aspects of the responses. Which of the following checkpoints would be appropriate?
A. The bidders test policy should enforce that incident management fully conforms to IEEE
1044.
B. The bidders project strategy shows that the data content of all the test environments
conforms
to EU standards.
C. The bidders test plan shows that the application will be delivered for acceptance in six
months
time.
D. The bidders project test plan depicts a phased implementation with later delivery dates to be
confirmed and states that test deliverables will be developed using IEEE 829 as a guide.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 56
Which one of the following estimation approaches is appropriate at this stage of the project?
A. Create an estimate based on the function point analysis technique and test point analysis
QUESTION NO: 57
Why might a RAD approach be a better option for the test manager rather than a sequential
development?
A. It will extend the development teams abilities and enhance future delivery capabilities.
B. It will allow the marketing, clerical and testing staff to validate and verify the early screen
prototypes.
C. Time-box constraints will guarantee code releases are delivered on schedule.
D. More time can be spent on test execution as less formal documentation is required.
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 58
Which of the following is NOT a typical key challenge for testing in a RAD based development
approach?
A. Re-usable test scripts for (automated) regression testing
B. Project management and control
C. No complete requirements specification
D. Time-boxing
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 59
As a result of the RAD based development approach, the test manager has decided to change
the
risk mitigation approach. Which test technique might be most appropriate to use?
A. Decision Table Testing
B. Boundary Value Analysis
C. Error Guessing
D. Exploratory Testing
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 60
The business has asked for a weekly progress report. Which of the following would be
appropriate
as a measure of test coverage?
A. Percentage of business requirements exercised
B. Percentage of planned hours worked this week
C. Percentage of countries that have test scenarios
D. Percentage of test iterations completed
Answer:
In the master test plan the following items are listed in the section named items and/or features
to
be tested:
I All supported credit cards
II Language localization
II Valid and invalid advances
IV Usability
V Response time
QUESTION NO: 62
Relying only on the information provided in the scenario, select the TWO items and/or features
for
which sufficient information is available to proceed with test design.
A. All supported credit cards
B. Language localization
C. Valid and invalid advances
D. Usability
E. Response time
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 63
Continuing with the Scenario described in the previous question, which of the following topics
would you need to address in detail in the master test plan?
A. An approach to regression testing
B. A list of boundary values for advance amount
C. A description of dependencies between test cases
D. A logical collection of test cases
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 64
Given the following figures for the testing on a project, and assuming the failure rate for initial
tests
remains constant and that all retests pass, what number of tests remain to be run?
A. 700
B. 720
C. 784
D. 570
Answer:
QUESTION NO: 65
Given is the following defect removal chart reported at the end of system testing showing total
defects detected and closed defects (fixed and successfully retested). A number of open defects
are classified as critical. All tests have been executed.
Based on the chart above, what is the most appropriate next test phase?
Answer Choices
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ABD
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