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    ZN S

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    DikshitJain
    Zinc sulfide (ZnS) exists in two crystalline structures, zincblende and wurtzite. The document focuses on describing the zincblende structure. Zincblende structure consists of two interpenetrating face centered cubic (FCC) sublattices, one of sulfur ions and one of zinc ions. In the unit cell, sulfur ions occupy positions at the corners and face centers, while zinc ions occupy positions at the body center and 1/4 and 3/4 positions along the body diagonals. The coordination number is 4, with each ion surrounded by four ions of the opposite type at the corners of a tetrahedron. The ionic packing fraction is calculated to be 0.

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    ZN S

    Uploaded by

    DikshitJain
    922 views5 pages
    Zinc sulfide (ZnS) exists in two crystalline structures, zincblende and wurtzite. The document focuses on describing the zincblende structure. Zincblende structure consists of two interpenetrating face centered cubic (FCC) sublattices, one of sulfur ions and one of zinc ions. In the unit cell, sulfur ions occupy positions at the corners and face centers, while zinc ions occupy positions at the body center and 1/4 and 3/4 positions along the body diagonals. The coordination number is 4, with each ion surrounded by four ions of the opposite type at the corners of a tetrahedron. The ionic packing fraction is calculated to be 0.

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    Zinc sulfide (ZnS) exists in two crystalline structures, zincblende and wurtzite. The document focuses on describing the zincblende structure. Zincblende structure consists of two interpenetrating face centered cubic (FCC) sublattices, one of sulfur ions and one of zinc ions. In the unit cell, sulfur ions occupy positions at the corners and face centers, while zinc ions occupy positions at the body center and 1/4 and 3/4 positions along the body diagonals. The coordination number is 4, with each ion surrounded by four ions of the opposite type at the corners of a tetrahedron. The ionic packing fraction is calculated to be 0.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    922 views5 pages

    ZN S

    Uploaded by

    DikshitJain
    Zinc sulfide (ZnS) exists in two crystalline structures, zincblende and wurtzite. The document focuses on describing the zincblende structure. Zincblende structure consists of two interpenetrating face centered cubic (FCC) sublattices, one of sulfur ions and one of zinc ions. In the unit cell, sulfur ions occupy positions at the corners and face centers, while zinc ions occupy positions at the body center and 1/4 and 3/4 positions along the body diagonals. The coordination number is 4, with each ion surrounded by four ions of the opposite type at the corners of a tetrahedron. The ionic packing fraction is calculated to be 0.

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    of 5

    (Pg.

    No 18)

    1.4.2

    Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) Crystal Structure:

    Zinc sulfide (ZnS) is a unique compound that forms two types of crystalline structures - zincblende
    (sphalerite) and wurtzite. Zincblende is cubic whereas wurtzite has a hexagonal structure. Here we shall
    discuss zincblend structure.
    Zincblende is a combination of two FCC lattices. If we take only sulpher ions they constitute an FCC
    lattice. Similarly if we take only zinc ions, they constitute another FCC lattice. The unit cell of ZnS

    000 ,

    formed due to combination of these two FCC sub-lattices has S ions at


    and

    11
    0
    22

    positions and Zn ions occupy

    111
    444

    133
    444

    313
    444

    positions.

    Fig. No.1.20 Unit Cell of Zinc Sulfide (ZnS)

    ( 18 8)+( 12 6)=4

    Effective number of S ions/unit cell=nS =

    Effective number of Znions/unit cell=nZn =4


    Effective number of ZnS molecules /unit cell=n ZnS=4

    11
    22 ,

    , and

    1 1
    0
    2 2

    331
    444

    CN
    Coordination number ( ZnS)

    : In a zinc sulfide crystal, about each ion, there are four equally

    distant ions of opposite kind situated at the corners of a regular tetrahedron.

    Coordination number=CN ZnS=4


    IPF
    (
    ZnS) :
    Ionic Packing Fraction

    As shown in Fig. (1.20 ) in a unit cell of ZnS, the inter-ionic distance d is one fourth of the body diagonal

    S 2
    2 +
    ( 3 a ). The inter-ionic distance d is ( Zn +r ).
    r
    S 2
    Zn2+ +r
    3 a =r
    d=

    Fig. 1.21 Interionic distance of ZnS


    2 +

    Zn
    Putting the values of
    r

    S
    and
    r

    we get,

    3 a =0.74 + 1.8 4
    4

    2.57

    a=

    Ionic Packing Fraction( IPF)=

    Volume of unit cell,

    4
    (2.57 )=5.9 3
    3

    Volume of ionsunit cell (V ions ) n v


    =
    Volume of unit cell (V unit cell)
    V
    5.9 5

    V unit cell=a 3=

    Zn2 +
    S2
    r3
    4
    3
    Volume of ions in unit cell, r + 4 3
    4
    4
    3
    V ions=

    16
    [ (0. 74)3+(1. 8 4)3 ] 3
    3

    11 1.17 3
    IPF ZnS =

    101.16 3
    =0.52
    210.64 3

    Elemental semiconductors like silicon and germanium exhibit diamond cubic structure whereas
    many compound semiconductors such as GaAs, GaSb, AgI, InAs, CdS etc. have zinc-blende
    structure.

    Corrections ---Numerical Chapters1 (Pg. No 22)


    5. Calculate the packing fraction of sodium chloride from the following given data:
    i). radius of sodium ion = 0.98 A0
    ii). radius of chlorine ion = 1.81 A0
    Solution-: Radius of sodium ion, r+ = 0.98 and radius of chlorine ion, r - = 1.81
    We know that Na+ and Cl- ions touch each other along the cube edge.

    Lattice parameter (a) = 2 (r+ + r -)


    = 2 (0.98 + 1.81) A0

    Ionic Packing Fraction=n

    Volume of a molecule
    volume of theunit cell

    + ion
    Volume of Na

    ion
    Volume of Cl
    +( ]

    4
    IPF=
    +
    r

    3
    4

    0.98

    3+(1.81)3

    16
    IPF=

    3
    Ionic Packing Fraction=0.662

    6. Calculate the distance between two adjacent atoms of a NaCl crystal of FCC structure which has
    density of 2.818 gm/cm3 (The atomic weight of Na = 23 and Cl = 35. 5)
    Solution-:

    Atomic weight (A) = 23+35. 5, A = 58. 5, n = 4 (FCC),


    Density () = 2.18 gm/cm3

    Formula-:

    a3 =

    nM
    N

    nM 13
    4 58.5
    a=
    =
    N
    6.026 10 23 2.18

    ( ) (

    1
    3

    a=5.1 6 108 cm

    a=5.1 6

    In NaCl crystal, Na+ and Cl- ions are arranged alternately. They touch each other along the cube edge.

    + +Cl

    Therefore the distance between adjacent Na + and Cl- ions is

    Na =d=

    5.1 6 108
    d=
    cm
    2
    d=2. 5 8 108 c m
    d=2. 5 8

    a
    2

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