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MCQ
Chapter-5:
(1) How many nutrient substances do the plant get from the soil?
a) 7
b) 9
c) 13
d) 1
(2) Which instrument is used to plough the soil?
a) Hoe b) Plough
c) Khurpi
d) sickle
(3) To add organic substances in soil
a) Spray insecticide b) give chemical fertilizer
c) give dung manure d) give water
(4) What should be done to maintain soil fertility?
a) Use of excessive chemical fertilizer b) To rotate the crop
C ) Same crop repeatedly taken
D) Use of excess of chemical insecticides
(5) Which of the following is an artificial fertilizer?
a) dung manure b)oilseed cake
c)Urea
d) Green manure
(6) By which irrigation method is 40 to 60 % of water saved?
a) Drip-irrigation method
b)Fountain-irrigation method
c) Dhoria-irrigation
method
D )Water channels method
(7) Minimum erosion occurs in which soil?
a. With steps
b) With horizontal method c) With one side slope d) With grass covered
Chapter-6:
(8) Which is the structural and functional unit of living organism?
Ans) Cell
(9) Which of the following is a plant cell?
Ans) Onion cell
(10) 3.Which of the following organelles is not present in plant cell?
Ans) Centriole
(11) Which of the following organelles is not present in an animal cell?
Ans) Cell wall
(12) Which of the following is a unicellular plant?
Ans) Yeast
(13) Which organelle of cell is known as powerhouse of a cell?
Ans) Mitochondrion
(14) Which cell organelle plays a significant role in protein synthesis?
Ans) Ribosome
(15) Which of the following organelle is not present in the nucleus?
Ans) Chromosome
Chapter-7:
(16)
a)
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a)
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a)
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a)
Which type of motion is the motion of a fruit falling from the tree?
Random motion
b) Linear motion
c) Circular motion
d) Oscillatory motion
Which type of motion is the motion of the hands of the clock?
Random motion
b) Linear motion
c) Circular motion d) Oscillatory motion
Which type of motion is the motion of a swinging cradle?
Random motion
b) Linear motion
c) Circular motion
d) Oscillatory motion
Which of the following is the periodic motion?
Motion of a flying mosquito b) Motion of a freely falling stone c) Motion of a spinning top
d) Motion of a pendulum of a clock
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a)
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a)
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a)
Chapter-8:
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Q.66 Why is there wear and tear in the soles of footwear after prolong use?
Ans. There is wear and tear in the soles of footwear after prolonged use because of the frictional force
produced between the ground and the footwear.
Q.67 Why is more force applied to ride bicycle on rough road?
Ans. More force is applied to ride bicycle on rough road because on rough surface more friction is
produced between the surface and wheel of the bicycle.
Chapter-8:
Q 68 From which organ does the digestion of food begin?
Ans. The digestion of food begins from the buccal cavity.
Q 69 Which enzyme does saliva contain?
Ans. Saliva contains an enzyme called ptyalin.
Q 70 What is the body surface part around the stomach called?
Ans. The body surface part around the stomach is called abdomen.
Q 71 What is the proximal region of small intestine called?
Ans. The proximal region of small intestine is called Duodenum.
Q 72 How many metres is the approximate length of small intestine?
Ans. The approximate length of small intestine is seven meters.
Q 73 In which organ is the process of digestion of food complete?
Ans. The process of digestion of food is complete in small intestine.
Q 74 From where is bile produced?
Ans. Liver secretes bile.
Q 75 Which are accessory digestive organs?
Ans. Accessory digestive organs are liver and pancreas.
Q 76 Which digestive juices are mixed with food when it comes into duodenum?
Ans. Bile and pancreatic juices are mixed with food when it comes into duodenum.
Q 77 What is trachea made up of?
Ans. Trachea is made up of C shaped incomplete rings of cartilage.
Q 78 What is the lower end of trachea getting divided into two parts called?
Ans. The lower end of trachea getting divided into two parts is called bronchi.
Q 79 How many lungs are there in our body?
Ans. There are two lungs in our body.
Q 80 State the name of a muscular partition (septum) which separates thoracic cavity and abdominal
cavity?
Ans. The name of a muscular partition (septum) which separates thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity
are diaphragm.
Q 81 What is the average number of pulse beats per minute in normal condition of an adult individual?
Ans. The average number of pulse beats per minute in normal condition of an adult individual is 70 to
72 times.
Q 82 What are the lower chambers of heart called?
Ans. The lower chambers of heart are called ventricles.
Q 83 Which valve is present between left atrium and left ventricle?
Ans. Bicuspid valve is present between left atrium and left ventricle.
Q 84 Where does blood of right atrium of the heart move?
Ans. The blood of right atrium of the heart move to the right ventricle.
Q 85 In which chamber of heart does the deoxygenated (impure) blood come from the different parts of the
body?
Ans. The deoxygenated (impure) blood come from the different parts of the body in right atrium.
Q 86 Where does the blood of right atrium of the heart move due to contraction of ventricles?
Ans. Blood of right atrium of the heart moves into the right ventricle due to contraction of ventricles.
Define
Chapter-1:
1. Magnetic field:
Ans. The space in which magnet can attract objects of iron is called magnetic field of magnet.
2. Magnetic field lines:
Ans. Spreading iron fillings uniformly and tapping slowly, iron fillings will arrange themselves in a curve
shape in a definite pattern. This pattern arranged around the magnet is called magnetic field lines.
Chapter-2:
3. Balanced diet:
Ans. The food that can provide necessary energy and all sufficient nutrients of the diet to the body is called
balanced diet.
4. Deficiency diseases:
Ans. Diseases caused by incomplete diet are called deficiency diseases.
Chapter-3:
5. Photosynthesis:
Ans. A process by which green plants make food in the form of starch using carbon-dioxide and water in
the presence of sunlight is called photosynthesis.
6. Transpiration:
Ans. The process in which plants lose excess water in the form of water vapour through stomata present in
the leaves is called transpiration.
Chapter-4:
7. Soft water:
Ans. Water in which there are salts in less proportion is called soft water.
8. Hard water:
Ans. Water in which there are salts in more proportion is called hard water.
9. Solvent:
Ans. A liquid in which a substance can dissolve is called a solvent.
10.Solute:
Ans. A substance which dissolves in liquid is called solute.
11. Solution:
Ans. A homogenous mixture of solvent and solute is known as solution.
Chapter-5:
12. Weed:
Ans. Undesirable plants growing with the main crop sown in the soil is called weed.
13. Fertilizers:
Ans. Plants obtain one or more required nutrients from substances added in the soil. Such substances are
called fertilizers.
14. Irrigation:
Ans. The method of supplying water to the grown crops is called irrigation.
Chapter-6:
15. Cell:
Ans. Cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organism.
16. Tissue:
Ans. Group of cells performing a definite function form a tissue.
17. Unicellular organism:
Ans. The organisms whose body contains only one cell is called Unicellular organism.
3) It is in liquid form.
4) At 00 C water solidifies and turns into solid.
5) At 1000 C water turns into vapour.
6) Ice is lighter than water.
Q 28 Mention the chemical properties of water?
Ans. The chemical properties of water are;
1) Water is compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen.
2) Its molecular formula is H2O.
3) It contains hydrogen and oxygen with ratio of 2:1
4) It is a universal solvent, which can dissolve most of the substances.
Q 29 Mention main impurities of water?
Ans. Main impurities of water are;
1 Non-dissolved impurity.
2 Dissolved impurities.
3 Impurities of micro-organism.
Q 30 Water available in nature is never pure. Why?
Ans. Water available in nature is never pure because it is a universal solvent which can dissolve most of
the substances which are in solid, liquid or gaseous form.
Q 31 Describe types of hardness in water?
Ans. There are 2 types of hardness and they are as follows:
1) Permanent hardness - Water in which chlorides of calcium and magnesium and sulphate salts are dissolved
and hardness caused due to them is called permanent hardness
2) Temporary hardness- Water in which bicarbonate salts of calcium and magnesium are dissolved and
hardness caused due to them is called temporary hardness. This hardness can be removed by boiling or
filtering.
Q 32 Mention the methods to purify water?
Ans. The methods to purify water are as follows1) Water can be purified by boiling, filtering and decanting.
2) Alum is used to purify muddy water.
3) Impurities of micro- organism can be removed by boiling or by adding bleaching powder and
chlorine tablets.
Chapter-5:
Q 33 What are the benefits of soil-testing?
Ans. The benefits of soil testing are
1) One can know the proportion of nutrients in the soil.
2) One can know which crop should be taken.
3) One can know which nutrients should be added so that crop production increases.
4) One can know water holding capacity of the soil can be known.
Q 34 What are the benefits of ploughing?
Ans. The benefits of ploughing are
1) Soil becomes soft.
2) Air circulation increases in the soil.
3) Sown seeds grow easily.
4) Ploughing makes the soil upside down so nutrients of fertilizer mix up properly and fertility is
maintained.
Q 35 What precautions should be taken at the time of sowing?
Ans. Following precautions should be taken at the time of sowing;
1) Seeds should be sown at proper depth so more sprouts develop.
2) Sowing should always be done in transverse direction of slope. Soil erosion is prevented by doing
so.
3) Sowing should not be done very close to each other, so that growing crop can get sufficient light,
water and air.
Q 36 Which harmful effects does a crop bear due to weeds?
Ans. 1) Nutrients for the main crops are absorbed by the weeds.
2) Required nutrients are not available in sufficient quantity to the main crops.
3) Weeds compete with main crops for sunlight and water.
4) Yield of crop decreases.
Q 37 Which steps can be taken to remove the weeds?
Ans. Steps taken to remove the weeds are;
1) Khurpi, sickle, hoe should be used to remove weeds.
2) Weeds can be removed by inter-ploughing with harrow.
3) Weedicides can be used to remove weeds.
Q 38 What is rotation of crops? Why is it required?
Ans. Instead of cultivating same type of crop every year, pulse and other crops are cultivated
alternately. This is called rotation of crops. Single types of nutrients are not used from soil due to
rotation of crops. So fertility of soil is maintained.
Q 39 What are the benefits of intercropping?
Ans. The benefits of an intercropping are;
1) If one crop fails, the other may grow better.
2) When two or more crops are grown together economic need of farmer is satisfied.
3) Fertility of soil can be maintained.
Q 40 Give the names of natural fertilizers.
Ans. 1) Dung manure.
2) Composed manure.
3) Green manure.
4) Oil seed Cake manure.
5) Fertilizer obtained from biogas plant.
Q 41 Mention the benefits of natural fertilizers.
Ans. 1) Improves composition of soil.
2) Improves moisture holding capacity.
3) All nutrients are available to plants.
4) Soil fertility and production efficiency of crop increases
5) The effect of natural fertilizers are retained for a longer time, so you do not need to add it often.
6) These fertilizers do not wash out easily with rain water as it is insoluble in water.
7) It is relatively economic.
Q 42 What are the benefits to the soil by using chemical fertilizers?
Ans. The benefits to the soil by using chemical fertilizers are:
1) As chemical fertilizers are water soluble, necessary nutrients are obtained rapidly by plants and
hence crop production increases.
2) Besides this, such chemical fertilizers can be given according to which nutrients are needed in
soil.
Q 43 What is soil erosion? State the natural factors effecting the soil erosion?
Ans. The process of removal of soil particles from upper layer of soil, far away, due to wind, rain or
heavy flow of water is called soil erosion. Incomplete
Q 44 What is an irrigation? Mention the methods of irrigation.
Ans. A method of supplying water to the grown crop is called irrigation. The methods of irrigation
are
1)
Dhoria (Channel irrigation)
2)
Earthern pot irrigation.
3)
Drip irrigation method.
Chapter-6:
Q 45 Why is cell considered as a structural and functional unit of the living organism?
Ans. (1) Cell is the basic unit of organisms body.
(2) A unicellular organism is made up of only one cell.
(3) The body of multi-cellular organism is made of many cells.
(4) Thus cell is the structure unit of the result of processes running within the cell.
(5) Thus cell is the functional unit of organism.
Q 46 State the various organelles of cytoplasm.
Ans. The various organelles of cytoplasm are:
(1) Cell membrane. (2) Endoplasmic reticulum.
(3) Ribosome. (4) Golgi body.
(only in animal cell).
(6) Lysosome. (7) Mitochondrion.
(8) Chloroplast
(5) Centriole
8. Though amorphophallus grows in the soil, it is a stem because it has nodes, internodes and thin
scaly leaves on it. Their structure is like that of a stem. It grows underground so it is called underground
stem.
9. The leaves of opuntia are modified into spines because opuntia plant grows in desert where there
is scarcity of water .So to reduce the loss of water by transpiration, leaves of opuntia are modified into
spines.
10. One feels cool under the dense tree during midday because
1) Trees give us shade.
2) The stomata present on the leaves give out extra water in the form of water vapour by the process of
transpiration.
3) As a result the surrounding atmosphere remains cool.
Chapter-4:
11. It is not advisable to use hard water in the boiler because
1) When the water is boiled the layer of salt is deposited in its inner surface.
2) This layer is a bad conductor of a light. So a large quantity fuel is required to boil the water in the
boiler. More over this layer of salt corrodes the boiler which can cause accidents.
12) During electrolyses of water, few drops of sulphuric acid are added to water because
1) Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity.
2) By adding few drops of sulphuric acid in the water it becomes a good conductor of electricity.
13) During epidemics water should be used after boiling and then cooling because
1 By boiling, the micro-organisms in the water, get destroyed and water becomes free from germs.
2 The boiled water is filtered and then cooled.
Chapter-5:
14) Rotation of crop should be done- because 1) If a single crop is taken repeatedly specific
nutrient needed by the crop are constantly absorbed from the soil. 2) So the proportion of those
nutrients decreases and production of crop also decreases. 3) Soil efficiency of crops is
maintained due to rotation of crops. So crops of pulses and cereals are taken alternately. 4) By
growing crops of pulse, fixation of nitrogen occurs due to rhizobium bacteria found in its roots
which increases the fertility of soil. 5) Crop rotation also controls the harmful pest of crops.
15) Use of chemical fertilizers should be reduced - because 1) Soil composition are spoilt due to
excessive use of chemical fertilizers
2) Sometimes crops may be destroyed or crop production is reduced due to more use of
chemical fertilizers.
3) Soil pollution occurs due to the effect of chemical fertilizer as well as the useful microorganisms occurring in the soil are destroyed.
16) Soil erosion is less in the forest area- because 1) In the forest area there are dense trees. 2) The
cover of dense trees on land can tolerate the blow of heavy rainfall. 3) The root system of trees
binds the soil particles firmly with one another. 4) Due to trees the flow of wind and water
becomes slow.
17) Trees should be grown around the fields -because 1) By growing the trees around they field they
withstand the blow of rain in monsoon. 2) The roots of trees bind the fertile soil particles together.3)
So the fertile soil particles are not washed away from the field by the flow of water or wind. 4) So
the soil is protected.
Chapter-6:
18) Mitochondrion is called the powerhouse of a cell-because 1)
Mitochondrion produces energy necessary for metabolism. (2) This energy is stored in the form
of A.T.P. molecules. (3) So due to energy produced in mitochondrion it is called the powerhouse
of a cell.
19) Chloroplast is called the kitchen of a cell-because chloroplast contains chlorophyll. It produces
the organic food in the form of starch with the help of air, water in presence of sunlight by the
process of photosynthesis.
Chapter-7:
20) The moving vehicles stop on applying the brakes- because when brakes are applied frictional
force is produced between the run of the wheel of the bicycle and brakes, due to which the
vehicle slows down and ultimately stops.
21) A person slips, if one steps on a banana skin-because 1. Due to the friction between the
surface of the road and soles of the feet a person can walk easily. 2. If the surface becomes
smooth then frictional force decreases 3 As the banana skin is sticky, it is very smooth .4 So
when one steps on a banana skin, the required frictional force between ground and foot for
walking is not produced. Hence, a person slips, if one steps on a banana skin.
Chapter-8:
22) One should chew the food as much as possible because:
By chewing the food, it is broken into very small fragments and sufficient amount of saliva gets
mixed with it.
So the food becomes soft and smooth.
Then enzyme Ptyalin, contained in the saliva, converts starch into simple sugar.
23) Air should be inhaled through nose only because:
1. There are very fine hair in the nose.
2. A Slimy substance, called mucus, is secreted in the nose.
3. The hair and mucus prevent the dust particles and bacteria of the air to go further in the
respiratory tract.
4. By inhalation through nose, the outer atmosphere air gets filtered and warmed before entering the
lungs. Hence, air should be inhaled through nose only.
24) WBC of the blood are our microscope soldier because:
1.
The WBC of the blood performs the function of protecting our body against diseases.
2.
WBC fight against the germs of various diseases which have entered our body and destroy them,
thereby protecting our body against diseases.
Thus the WBC performs the function of fighting against the germs and thus acts like soldiers. As
they are very small in size, they are called the microscopic soldier of the body.
Classify
Chapter-3:
1. Classify the following into food storing root and food storing stem.
(potato, sweet potato, ginger, beet, radish, turmeric, yam (ratalu), amorphophallus, carrot)
Food storing root: sweet potato, beet, radish, carrot
Food storing stem: potato, ginger, turmeric, amorphophallus,yam.
Chapter-4:
2. Classify the following into solvent, solute and solution.
(common salt, solution of common salt, sugar, solution of sugar, alum, water, kerosene,
carbon-dioxide, soda water)
Solvent: water, kerosene.
Solute: common salt, sugar, alum, carbon-dioxide.
Solution: solution of common salt, solution of sugar, soda water
Chapter-6:
3. Classify into unicellular organisms &multicellular organisms.
(Yeast, Euglena, Fern, Amoeba, Chlamydomonas, Paramoecium, Ant, Onion, Mosquito)
Unicellular organisms: Yeast, Euglena, Amoeba, Chlamydomonas, Parmoecium.
Multicellular organisms: Fern, Ant, Onion, Mosquito.
Chapter-7:
Artery:
1.
Artery carries blood from the heart to different parts of the body.
2.
Its wall is thick and elastic.
3.
It does not have valves in it.
4.
It pulsates; hence the flow of blood is jerky.
5.
Normally the artery carries oxygenated blood
Vein:
1.
Vein carries blood from different parts of the body to the heart.
2.
Its wall is relatively thin and less elastic.
3.
I have semi lunar valves at intervals in it.
4.
It does not pulsate; hence the flow of the blood is smooth.
5.
Normally, the vein carries de-oxygenated blood.
11. RBCs and WBCs
RBCs:
1.
They are red in colour.
2.
They are smaller in size than that of WBC and have definite shape.
3.
They are helpful in transport of oxygen
4.
They are devoid of nucleus.
WBCs:
1.
They are colourless.
2.
They are larger in size than that of RBC and have irregular shape.
3.
They destroy germs of disease and there by protect the body against disease.
4.
They have a nucleus.
Answer in Detail
Chapter-1:
Q 1 Write a short note on magnetic compass with figure.
Ans. 1) It is made of cylindrical box of aluminium or brass with a glass cover.
2) There is a circular dial, where directions are marked.
3) A magnetic needle is pivoted on vertical axis such that it can rotate freely in a horizontal
plane.
4) The axis of magnetic needle is placed at the centre of box and dial.
5) A transparent glass is kept at the top of the box and box is closed.
Working To decide correct direction with the help of magnetic compass, the north pole of magnetic
needle is brought over north direction marked on the dial.
Chapter-4:
Q 2 How can hard water be made soft water?
Ans. Methods of making hard water into soft water are:
1. To remove different salts which are dissolved in hard water , the water should be boiled. By doing
so, the dissolved salts are converted into un dissolved salts.
2. Doing this, some of the salts settle at bottom and some of the salts float on the top.
Figure:
Procedure: 1. Place an iron strip on the table. 2. Take a powerful bar magnet. 3. Place the north pole
of a bar magnet at end A of the strip. 4. Rub the magnet with pressure on the needle and take it to other
end B .5. From the end B lift the magnet and take it towards first end A of the magnet.6. Repeat this
for several times.7. The iron strip will become a magnet.
Chapter 3:
3) To demonstrate that root absorbs water and dissolve minerals.
AIM: To prove that root absorbs water and dissolve minerals.
Apparatus and materials: Vinca plant with white flowers and roots , red-ink ,water, beaker
Figure:
Procedure: 1. Bring a vinca plant with roots and bearing white flowers.
2. Take some water in a beaker.
3. Put some drops of red ink to make water colourful.
4. Now put the plant in the beaker in such a way that roots remain
sunken in water.
5. Observe it next day
Observation: The stem, leaves, and flowers of the plant are seen to be red in
colour
Conclusion: This experiment shows that root absorbs water and mineral salts
from soil.
4) Describe an experiment to show that the leaves of plant release car-bon-dioxide during the
process of respiration.
AIM: To show that the leaves of plant release car-bon-dioxide during the process of respiration.
Apparatus and materials: A potted plant having large green leaves, transparent polythene bag, thread,
decanted lime water, a black cloth
Figure:
Figure:
2.Tie a polythene bag on one or two leaves of the plant as shown in the figure.
3. Observe after 3-4 hours.
Observation: Several water droplets are seen on the inner surface of the bag.
Conclusion: This experiment proves that plant releases water in the form of water vapour through
transpiration.
6) Describe an experiment to show that the presence of sunlight is inevitable for the process of
photosynthesis.
Aim: To show that the presence of sunlight is inevitable for the process of photosynthesis.
Apparatus and materials: A plant with big leaves, thin black paper, u-pins.
Figure:
Procedure: 1. Take a potted plant with big leaves.
2. Tie thin strip of cardboard on upper and lower surface of the leaf with the help of u-pins.
3. Now keep the plant in sunlight for 1 day
4. Next day remove the cardboard and pluck the leaf
5. Wash the leaves with boiling water and then with alcohol.
6. Now put some drops of iodine solution on the entire leaf and observe the colour of the leaf
Observation: 1, On washing the leaf with boiling water and then with alcohol the green colour of leaf
disappears
2, On rubbing iodine solution over the leaf the part of the leaf other than that covered by
cardboard turns blue,
Conclusion: This experiment proves that the presence of sunlight is inevitable for the process of
photosynthesis.
Chapter 6:
7) Aim- To prepare a slide of Onion cells and observe it with the help of a compound microscope.
Apparatus and material: Compound microscope, cover slip, blade, dropper blotting paper,
water, forceps.
Figure:
Procedure: (1) Take some water in a watch glass and add 2-3drops of methylene blue. (2) Put
thin layer of onion in colourful liquid. (3) With the help of dropper put a drop of water on the
slide. (4) Cover the peel of onion with cover slip to avoid air bubbles.5) Remove the additional
water with the help of blotting paper. 6) Observe the prepared slide with the help of microscope.
OBSERVATION: A large number of rectangular cells touching each other are seen. Each cell
has a cell wall, nucleus and cytoplasm.