THE TAKS OF PAPER

16 TENSES

Complied by :
Richo Hermansa
151910301078

Program Studi Teknik Sipil

Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Jember
2016
1

INTRODUCTION
Praise Gratitude we pray to God Almighty, because with His grace and
guidance we can complete the compilation of "16 tenses" This paper was prepared
to fulfill the task we hope this paper can provide a good influence for the reader.
We realize that this paper does not escape from deficiency. As adage that says
"No Ivory The No Crack" Therefore, suggestions and constructive criticism from
readers is our hope for the improvement and repair subsequent papers.
We thank profusely to friends, faculty, and other resources that have helped
the realization of this paper.
Finally, we hope that this paper can be useful. Success for us all. Amen.

THE CONTENT OF THE LIST

Cover...............................................................................................................1
Introduction.....................................................................................................2
The content of the list.....................................................................................3
CHAPTER 1 PREFACE
1.1 The Background..................................................................................4
1.2 Problems Identification.......................................................................4
1.3 Purpose ...............................................................................................5
CHAPTER 2 DISCUSSION
2.1 Simple Present Tense ........................................................................7
2.2 Present Continuous Tense .................................................................8
2.3 Present Perfect Tense ........................................................................8
2.4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense ...................................................10
2.5 Simple Past Tense ...........................................................................11
2.6 Past Continuous Tense ....................................................................12
2.7 Past Perfect Tense ...........................................................................13
2.8 Past Perfect Continuous Tense ........................................................14
2.9 Simple Future Tense .......................................................................15
2.10 Future Continuous Tense ..............................................................15
2.11 Future Perfect Tense .....................................................................16
2.12 Future Perfect Continuous Tense ..................................................16
2.13 Past Future Tense ..........................................................................17
2.14 Past Future Continuous Tense .......................................................17
2.15 Past Future Perfect Tense ..............................................................18
2.16 Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense ..........................................18
CHAPTER 3 CLOSING
3.1 Conclusion.......................................................................................19
3.2 Suggestion.......................................................................................19
REFERENCE...............................................................................................20

CHAPTER 1
3

PREFACE
1.1 The Background
Language is a typical symbol of a country or region , because language is a
vital element in communicating or as the main communication style . In
interactions , social relationships with others in the community . Language is very
diverse in the world , because every language negarapunya each different from
one another , even language can distinguish between one country to country .
English is the International Language . By mastering English well , then we will
be able to communicate with other nations in this world . In addition , we will be
able to add insight and knowledge for the betterment of our nation and our
country , because we will be able to read English literature , listening to radio
broadcasts abroad , as well as watching movies other science . Thus , in the end
we can master the knowledge - knowledge in all fields .
In addition to increasing understanding about the international language , the
English language is studied at least will be easier for us to get a decent job , or for
the provision of our knowledge in the future . By understanding and mastering the
International Language properly would provide excellent benefits for us all .
Therefore , it is necessary to first understand that there are grammatical in
English. In addition to facilitate pronunciation , we will also understand how to
arrange the word to be pronounced so that it becomes a coherent sentence and
correct according to his tenses
1.2 Problems Identification
1. Definition of tenses ?
2. How many tenses in English ?
3. How the formulas and examples tenses ?

1.3 Purpose
Identification of the above problem , the purpose of this paper to describe or
explain that these points , as well as help explain the procedures for the use of
words and writing words that correspond to the time and conditions of the
occurrence of an event in the English writing of the paper .

CHAPTER 2

DISCUSSION
Tenses in English means the time ( time ). The word means the verb tenses
or set of words used to express the relationship of time. In grammar, tenses are the
categories that puts the situation in time, to indicate when the situation takes
place.
Indonesian basic word order similar to English. Generally, a sentence begins
with the subject, followed by a verb ( also called predicates ), and then the object.
Indicate the past tense or future only need to enter the words that shows the time,
in a very organized system
2.1 Simple Present Tense
Tense used to express an action or activity that takes place/happening at the
current time in a simple form, activity or work performed repeatedly, daily habits,
events or actions that have nothing to do with time, and to express a general
truth .Simple Present Tense use this type of " TO BE 1 " and " VERB 1 " TO BE
1 consisting of : am, is, are.
I
You
The
y
We
He
She
It

Am
Are

Is

Do / Don't
You
They
We
He
She

Does / Doesn't

It

DO and DOES use the interrogative sentence.

DO NOT ( DO NOT ) and DOES NOT ( DOES NOT ) used in negative sentences
. TO BE 1 ( am , is , are ) used when a sentence no verb element ( NON VERB )
a. Expressing Simple Present Tense sentence that uses the verb (VERB) Verbal

+
?

Subject + Verb 1 + Object

Subject + DON'T / DOESN'T + Verb 1 + Object
DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?

b. Expressing Simple Present Tense sentence that does not use the verb ( NON
VERB ) Nominal
+
?

Subject + To be 1 + Non Verb + Object

Subject + To be 1 + NOT + Non Verb + Object
To be 1 + Subject + Non Verb + Object?

Example :
1. (+) : He is a civil engineering
(-) : He is not a civil engineering
(?) : Is He a civil engineering ?
2. (+) : She reads the novel everyweek
(-) : She doesnt read the novel everyweek
(?) : Does She read the novel everyweek ?
3. (+) : I speak Indonesia everyday
(-) : I dont speak Indonesia every day
(? : Do you speak Indonesia?
Only in positive sentences , for the subject " He , She , It " , the use of the verb
(VERB ) must end with " s / es. " The addition of " s / es " at the base verb
(inifinitive ) are as follows :
In general, the verb is directly coupled with the suffix " s" , for example :
Work - Works
Write Writes

2.2 Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense Present Progressive Tense is also called is a form used
to express an action, state or event that is happening at the time discussed.
On the use of the Present Continuous Tense verb used must end with ing / ( Verb +
ing ). Present Continuous Tense form of time using this type of " TO BE 1 " .
The usefulness of this is the time Forms :
a. To express ongoing actions
b. To express actions that will come
+
Subject + To be 1 + (Verb + ing) + Object
Subject + To be 1 + NOT + (Verb + ing) + Object
?
To be 1 + Subject + (Verb + ing) + Object ?
Example:
1. (+) : We are visiting dike now
(-)
(?)
2. (+)
(-)
(?)

: We are not visiting dike now

: Are We visiting dike now ?
: Mr.David is drawing home
: Mr.David is not drawing home
: Is He drawing home ?

2.3 Present Perfect Tense

Present Perfect Tense is the tense used to express an action , state or event that
occurred in the past . And at the time of speaking activities / actions have been
completed.
Present Perfect Tense using
"TO BE 3" and "VERB 3"
TO BE 3 adalah: been.

I
You
They
We
He
8

I
Have

She
It
TO BE
(VER
+
?

You
They
Been
We
He
She

3 (been) : (NON VERB).

Has

B)

It
Subject + Have/Has
+ Verb 3 + Object
Subject + Have/Has + NOT + Verb 3 + Object
Have/Has + Subject + Verb 3 + Object?
(Non VERB)

+
Subject + Have/Has + To be 3 + Non Verb + Object
Subject + (Have/Has + NOT) + To be 3 + Non Verb + Object
?
Have/Has + Subject + To be 3 + Non Verb + Object?
Example:
1.
2.

(+)
(-)
(?)
(+)
(-)
(?)

: Mr.Ryan has lived in Argentina for five years

: Mr.Ryan Has not lived in Argentina for five years
: Has Mr.Ryan lived in Argentina for five years ?
: She has been here since yesterday
: She has not been here since yesterday
: Has She been here since yesterday ?

The usefulness of this form is :

1. Declare an activity that just happens to result or consequence of the action
can still be seen up to now discussed .
2. To declare an activity that has been completed at a particular time in the
past the not , but the time of the incident were not overlooked . The most
important thing is the result of his actions now .
3. Declare an activity that has occurred but the events of the time is not yet
finished .
4. Declare a specific test activities were not before now .
5. Declare an activity that has occurred in the past and is still happening in
the present and future
6. Shows an activity that is completed in a short time .
2.4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tense or Present Perfect Progressive Tense is the tense
used to express an event or action that began in the past and continues to this day

or an event or action that begins in the past and has just finished at the time of
speaking.Present Perfect Continuous Tense use this type of " TO BE 3 " ( been ) .

I
You
They
We
He
She

You
They
We
He
She
It

Have
been

Has

It
For all types of sentences, whether positive,
negative, or interrogative sentence in the
Present Perfect Continuous Tense use TO
BE 3 (been) followed by VERB + ING.

Subject + Have/Has + been + (Verb + ING) + Object

Subject + Have/Has + NOT + been + (Verb + ING) + Object

Have/Has + Subject + been + (Verb + ING) + Object?

Example:
1.
2.

(+) : They have been waiting for their mentor since ten oclock
(-) : They have not been waiting for their mentor since ten oclock
(?) : Have They been waiting for their mentor since ten oclock ?
(+) : Desi has been studying at this campus this year
(-) : Desi has not been studying this campus this year
(?) : Has She been studying this campus this year ?

2.5 Simple Past Tense

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Simple past tense is the form of the time that used to express something deed
or activity that took place in the past time and time the occurrence of events that
has been know.
Simple Past Tense using the kind of "TO BE 2" and "VERB 2"
TO BE 2 t: was & were
I
He
She
It
You
We
DID
is
They
DID NOT

Was

Did / Didn't
WereYou

used in a sentence to ask.

(DID

They

negative

NOT)

used

in

sentences. TO BE 2 (Was

& Were) is

We

used when there is no

element of

He

a sentence verb (NON

verb)

She

verb used only in positive

sentences

only.

It

a. Expressing Simple Past Tense sentence that uses the verb (VERB)
+
?

Subject + Verb 2 + Object

Subject + DID NOT (DIDN'T) + Verb 1 + Object
DID + Subject + Verb 1 + Object ?
b. Expressing Simple Past Tense sentence that does not use the verb (Non
VERB)

+
?

Subject + To be 2 + Non Verb + Object

Subject + To be 2 + NOT + Non Verb + Object
To be 2 + Subject + Non Verb + Object?

Example :
1.

(+) : Erik went to building two months ago

(-) : Erik did not go to building two months ago
(?) : Did Erik go to building two months ago ?

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2.

(+) : She finished her homework in the library yesterday

(-) : She did not finish her homework in the library yesterday
(? ) : Did She finish her homework in the library yesterday ?

2.6 Past Continuous Tense

Past Continuous Tense, or Past Progressive Tense is the tense that is used to
indicate that the two events occur at the same time, but the incident occurred
earlier and was still in progress when the second incident occurred.
On the use of Past Continuous Tense verb used must end with ing / (Verb + ing).
Past Continuous Tense form of time using this type of "TO BE 2" (was / were).
Was to subject :I,She,He,It
Were to the subject : You, They, We
+
?

Subject + To be 2 + (Verb + ing) + Object

Subject + To be 2 + NOT + (Verb + ing) + Object
To be 2 + Subject + (Verb + ing( + Object ?

Example :
1.
2.

(+)
(-)
(?)
(+)
(-)
(?)

: Bambang was walking down the street when it began to rain.

: Bambang was not walking the street when it began to rain
: Was Bambang walking the street when it began to rain ?
: April was sleeping all day yesterday when Ana called him
: April was not sleeping all day yesterday when Ana called him
: Was April sleeping all day yesterday when Ana called him ?

2.7 Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense is the tense used to indicate actions or events that began or
occurred in the past and continue to take place finishes in the past or the next.
Past Perfect Tense also serves as a substitute for the Simple Past Tense when
used to refer to or indicate past events or actions that occur within a specified
period.
I
You
They
We
He
She
It

Had
Been

You
They
We
He
She
It

12

PPerfect Tense using "TO BE 3" and "VERB 3

TO BE 3 been
TO BE 3 (been) used when a sentence no element of said work (NON VERB).
To this kind of the sentence positive , negative or introgative Present Perfect Tense
using VERB 3.
a. Expressing Simple Past Tense sentence that uses the verb (VERB)
+
?

Subject + Had + Verb 3 + Object

Subject + Had + NOT + Verb 3 + Object
Had + Subject + Verb 3 + Object?
b. Expressing Simple Past Tense sentence that does not use the verb (Non
VERB)

+
?

Subject + Had + To be 3 + Non Verb + Object

Subject + (Had + NOT) + To be 3 + Non Verb + Object
Had + Subject + To be 3 + Non Verb + Object?

Example :
1

(+) : His Wife had already eaten by the time I got home

(-) : His wife had not already eaten by the time I got home
(?) : Had his wife already eaten by the time i got home ?
2. (+) : When you arrived , I had written the letter
(-) : When you arrived, I had not written the letter
(?) : Had I written the letter when you arrived ?
2.8 Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense, or Past Perfect Progressive Tense is the tense
used to express an event or action that has been going on for some time when
there are events or other actions in the past. Events which occurred or took place
first expressed in the form of the Past Perfect Continuous Tense, whereas
subsequent events that occurred (event) expressed in the form of the Simple Past
Tense.

13

I
You
Had
They

You
They

We

We

He

He

She

She

Been

It

It
+
?

Subject + Had + been + Verb Ing

Subject + Had + NOT + been + V Ing
Had + Subject + been + Ving?

Example :
1. (+) : They had been studying this lecture
(-) : They had not been studying this lecture
(?) : Had they been studying this lecture?
2. (+) : He had been solving many problems
(-) : He had not been solving many problems
(?) : Had He been solving many problems ?
2.9 Simple Future Tense
Simple future tense is expressed a scene or actiom yjat will be done that accurs in
the past.
+
Subject + Will +V1
Subject + will + Not + V1
?
Will + Subject + V1 ?
Example :
1. (+)
(-)
(?)
2. (+)
(-)
(?)

: My Family will attend to the wedding party

: My Family will not attend to the wedding party
: Will They attend to the party the wedding party ?
: He will go to Bandung now
: He will not go to Bandung now
: Will He go to Bandung now ?

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2.10 Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense form of time used to declare an event that will Medium
Happens or will was done in certain time in the future as well as Present
Continuous Tense, but the difference in the Future Continuous Tense then
Medium her its not right now but tomorrow, will come, later.
+
Subject + will+ be + Ving
Subject + will + NOT + be + Ving
?
Will + Subject + be + Ving?
Example :
1. (+) : She will be reading at 8 p.m
(-) : She will not be reading at 8 p.m
(?) : Will she be reading at 8 p.m
2. (+) : I will be waiting you in faculty
(-) : I will not be waiting you in faculty
(?) : Will I be waiting you in faculty ?
2.11 Future Perfect Tense
Future perfect tense form of time used to express something that will be done in
the future that has begun to in the past.
+
Subject + will+ have+ V3
Subject + will + have + Not + V3
?
Will + Subject + have + V3?
Example :
1. (+) Dika will have rented my house next month
(- ) Dika will not have rented my house next month
(?) Will Dika have rented my house next month ?
2. (+) : She will have drawing build
(-) : She will not have drawing build
(?) : Will she have drawing build ?
2.12 Future Perfect Continuous Tense

15

Future perfect continuous tense is one form of work used to declare that an action
wouldve beralngsung for a long time at the point of certain time in the future or
events that will, had and still berlangung at the time came
+
Subject + will+ have +been + Ving
Subject + will + have + NOT + been + Ving
?
Will + Subject + have +been + Ving?
Example :
1. (+) : They will have been working when you return tomorrow
(-) : They will not have been working when you return tomorrow
(?) : Will They have been working when you return tommorow ?
2. (+) The cat will have been sleeping long
(- ) The cat will not have been sleeping long
(?) Will the cat have been sleeping long ?
2.13 Past Future Tense
Future past tense is one form of a verb used to declare events will be carried out
but in the past is not today.
+
Subject + would + V1
Subject + would + NOT + V1
?
Would + Subject + V1?
Example :
1. (+) : You would work
(-) : You would not work
(?) : Would you work ?
2. (+) : He would finish my homework
(-) : He would not finish my homework
(?) : Would He finish my homework ?
2.14 Past Future Continuous Tense
Future continuous past tense is a form of the time that used to declare events that
will was done, in a certain time in the future.
+
Subject + would + be + Ving
Subject + would + NOT + be + Ving
?
Would + Subject + be + Ving?
Example :
1. (+) : I would be lab working at 6 yesterday
(-) : I would not be lab working at 6 yesterday
(?) : Would I be lab working at 6 yesterday ?
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2. (+) : You would be writing taks

(-) : You would not be writing taks
(?) : Would You be writing taks ?
2.15 Past Future Perfect Tense
Future perfect past tense is tense used to express something Its happening, but
would but his position would have passed.
+
Subject + would + have + been + V3
Subject + would + Not + Have + been +V3
?
Would + Subject + have + been +V3 ?
Example :
1. (+) : They would have been practiced
(-) : They would not have been practiced
(?) : Would They have been practiced ?
2. (+) : He would have been visited PDAM
(-) : He would not have been visited PDAM
(?) : Would He have been visited PDAM ?
2.16 Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Future perfect continuous past tense is tense used to declare a will, had and still in
the ago, the past. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense about the event or it would
have been was happening in the past.
+
Subject + would + have + been +Ving
Subject + would + Not + have + Been + Ving
?
Would + Subject + have + Been + Ving?
Example :
1. (+) : She would have been working there for 1 year
(-) : She would not have been working there for 1 year
(?) : Would She have been working there for 1 year ?
2. (+) : My mother would have been cooking vegetables
(-) : My mother would not have been cooking vegetables
(?) : Would My mother have been cooking vegetables ?
CHAPTER 3
CLOSING

3.1 Conclusion

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Tense general formula is as follows:

No tenses formula
1. Present Simple Tense S + V1.
2. Present Continuous Tense S + to be (is, am, are) + V-ing.
3. Present Perfect Tense S + have / has + V3.
4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense S + have / has + been + V-ing.
5. Simple Past Tense S + V2.
6. Past Continuous Tense S + was / were + V-ing.
7. Past Perfect Tense S + had + V3.
8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense S + had + been + V-ing.
9. Simple Future Tense S + will + V1.
10. Future Continuous Tense S + will + be + V-ing.
11. Future Perfect Tense S + will + have + V3.
12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense S + will + have + been + V-ing.
13. Past Simple Future Tense S + would + V1.
14. Past Future Continuous Tense S + would + be + V-ing.
15. Past Perfect Future Tense S + would + have + V3.
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense S + would + have + been + V-ing.
3.2 Suggestion
The material on English grammatical papers still need to be completed, there
are still many shortcomings in it due to the limitations that are owned by the
authors. To the subject teachers concerned and all those who read this paper, in
order to provide input so that this paper can be more useful and easy to
understand.

REFERENCE

Khanafi, I. (2011, December 22). 16 tenses bahasa inggris. Dipetik April 13,
2016, dari www.belajaringgris.net.
Nirmalasari, F. A. (2015, October 12). 16 Tenses dalam Bahasa Inggris. Dipetik
April 13, 2016, dari http://bahasainggrisoke.com.
Prasetya, A. (2013, Maret 16). 16 TENSES DASAR. Dipetik April 13, 2016, dari
http://andikaprasetya11.blogspot.com.

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