Name:

________________________________

Teacher: _______________________________

Class: _______________________________

FORT STREET HIGH SCHOOL

2015
HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE COURSE

ASSESSMENT TASK 3: TRIAL HSC

Mathematics

Time allowed: 3 hours

(plus 5 minutes reading time)
Syllabus
Outcomes

H2, H3,
H4, H5
H6, H7,
H8
H9

Assessment Area Description and Marking Guidelines

Questions

Chooses and applies appropriate mathematical techniques in

order to solve problems effectively
Manipulates algebraic expressions to solve problems from topic
areas such as geometry, coordinate geometry, quadratics,
trigonometry, probability and logarithms
Demonstrates skills in the processes of differential and integral
calculus and applies them appropriately
Synthesises mathematical solutions to harder problems and
communicates them in appropriate form

110

Total Marks 100

Section I
10 marks
Multiple Choice, attempt all questions,
Allow about 15 minutes for this section
Section II 90 Marks
Attempt Questions 1116,
Allow about 2 hours 45 minutes for this section

General Instructions:
Questions 1116 are to be started in a new booklet
The marks allocated for each question are indicated
In Questions 11 16, show relevant mathematical
reasoning and/or calculations.
Marks may be deducted for careless or badly
arranged work.
Board approved calculators may be used

11, 12, 13
14, 15
16

Section I

Total 10

Marks

Q1Q10

Section II

Total 90

Marks

Q11

/15

Q12

/15

Q13

/15

Q14

/15

Q15

/15

Q16

/15

Percent

Section I
10 marks
Attempt Questions 1-10
Circle the correct response in your Question Book.
1
1. The domain of the function f ( x)
is:
4x2 1
1
1
(A) x
2
2
1
1
(B) x and x
2
2
1
1
(C) x and x
2
2
1
1
(D) x
2
2

Use the following diagram to answer questions 2 and 3

(note: the curved sections between A and B, D and E are parts of a circle).

2. Evaluate

f ( x)dx
0

(A) 12
(B) 6
(C) -6
(D) 0

3. For what values of x satisfying 0 x 8 is the function f NOT differentiable?

(A) x 2 and x 4
(B) x 2 and x 6
(C) x 6 and x 8
(D) x 0 and x 4

4. What is the derivative of x cos x with respect to x ?

(A) sin x
(B) x sin x
(C) x sin x cos x
(D) x sin x cos x

5. What is the value of e 2 x 1 dx ?

0

(A)

1 2
e
2

(B)

1 2
(e 1)
2

(C) e 2
(D) e 2 1

6. The displacement, x metres, from the origin of a particle moving in a straight line at any
time (t seconds) is shown in the graph

When was the particle at rest?

(A) t = 4.5 and t = 11.5
(B) t = 0
(C) t = 2, t = 8 and t = 14
(D) t = 1.5 and t = 8

7. Which one of the following statements is true for the equation 7 x 2 5 x 2 0 ?

(A) No real roots
(B) One real root
(C) Two real distinct roots
(D) Three real roots

8. A particle moves along the x-axis with acceleration 3t 2 u/s2. Initially it is 4 units to the
right of the origin, with a velocity of 2 units per second. What is the position of the particle
after 5 seconds?
(A) 37.5 units to the right
(B) 37.5 units to the left
(C) 51.5 units to the right
(D) 51.5 units to the left

9. Find the maximum value of y x 2 x 11

(A) 11.25
(B) 0.5
(C) 12.25
(D) 1
10. Integrate 7x

2
x2

(A)

7 x2 2
c
2
x

(B)

7 x2 2
c
2
x

(C)

7 x2 2
3 c
x
2

(D)

7 x2 2
3 c
2
x

Question 11 (15 marks)

(a) Find log5 12 correct to 3 significant figures

(b) Factorise fully 3x 2 5x 2

(c) Express

5
in the from a 3 b
32

(d) Solve 2 x 1 3

(e) If f ( x) 2sin 3x find the exact value of f '
18

(f)

Find

2 e

2x

dx

(g)
i.

ii.

Sketch, on the same graph, the curves y x 2 4 x 3 and y x 3 .Show the

x and y intercepts in the sketch.
Hence shade the region defined by

3
3

simultaneously.

2
1

Question 12 (15 marks)

(a) Paula has 10 playing cards in her hand, consisting of 5 different pairs of cards. She
shuffles the cards and places two of them face up on the table.

(b)

i.

Find the probability that these two cards are not a pair

ii.

A third card is placed on the table. Find the probability that this card forms a
pair with one of the two cards already on the table.

A person invests $800 at the beginning of each year in a superannuation fund.

Compound interest is paid at 10% per annum on the investment. The first $800 is to be
invested at the beginning of 2016 and the last is to be invested at the beginning of
2045. Calculate to the nearest dollar:
i.

ii.

The amount to which the 2016 investment will have grown by the beginning of
2046

The amount to which the total investment will have grown by the beginning of
2046

(c)

Solve 2cos2 x 1 0 for x

(d)

Find the equation of the tangent to y 2sin 2 x 3 at the point where x 0

(e)

Find the value of x if

x
n 0

9
n 1

18

Question 13 (15 marks)

(a) Show that

tan
tan

2cot
sec 1 sec 1

(b) Maureen is raising money for charity by jumping on a Pogo Stick. Her challenge is to
jump between two points, A and B, 20 times. On her first attempt she takes 45 jumps.
On her second attempt she takes 48 jumps. On her third attempt she takes 51 jumps.
She continues this pattern for all 20 attempts.
i.

How many jumps did she make on her 20th attempt?

ii.

How many jumps did she make altogether?

1
(c) For the parabola y x 2 x 3
8
i.
Find the co-ordinates of the vertex and focus
ii.

iii.

Find the equation of the normal to the parabola at the point where x 4 .
Write your answer in general form.

Find the point on the parabola at which the tangent is parallel to y 3x 1

(d) A factory assembles torches. Each torch requires one battery and one bulb. It is known
that 6% of all batteries and 4% of all bulbs are defective.
Find the probability that, in a torch selected at random, both the battery and the bulb
are NOT defective. Give your answer in exact form.

Question 14 (15 marks)

(a)
i.

ii.

Copy and complete the function box in your writing booklet for the function
4
y . Answer to 2 d.p.
x
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2

Use the table in part i. and two applications of Simpsons Rule to find an
4
approximation for the area bounded by the curve y , the x-axis and the
x
lines x 1 and x 2 . Answer to 2 d.p.

(b) Consider the curve y x3 12 x 2 36 x

i.

Find the

ii.

Find any stationary points and determine their nature

iii.

Hence, sketch for 1 x 7 , showing all features found in parts i. and ii.

and

intercepts

(c) Find the area bounded by the line y 3x 1 and the parabola with equation

y 2 x2 4 x 5

(d) Ten kilograms of sugar is placed in a container of water and begins to dissolve. After t
hours the amount A kg of undissolved sugar is given by

A 10e kt
i.

Evaluate k, given that A = 3.2 when t = 4

ii.

After how many hours (to the nearest hour) does 1 kg of sugar remain
undissolved?

Question 15 (15 marks)

M
Figure not
to scale

(a) PQR is an isosceles triangle in which PQ = PR and QPR 104 . QR is produced to

N. QM bisects PQR and RM bisects PRN .
i.

In your writing booklet draw a neat sketch and mark on it all the given
information.

ii.

Find the size of PQR . Give reasons for your answer.

iii.

Find the size of QMR . Give reasons for your answer.

(b) What is the exact volume of the solid of revolution formed by rotating the curve

y sec x about the -axis, for 0 x

(c) A particle moves in a straight line so that its velocity

is given by v 4 2t .

in metres per second at time

At time t 0 , the particle is at x 1 .

i.

Find the displacement x of the particle as a function of t .

ii.

When is the particle at rest and what is its acceleration at that time?

iii.

Find the distance the particle travels in the first 4 seconds.

Question 16 (15 marks)

(a) A cam is formed with cross-section as shown in the figure

B
r
A

r O r
2
2

The cross-section consists of a semi-circle AXC centre O and radius

r
and a sector
2

ABC of radius r , centre A and angle .

i.

Show that the perimeter of the cam ABCX in terms of r and is given by

P r 1
2

ii.

iii.

If the area of the cross-section of the cam is 1 square unit, show that the
perimeter P is given by
2

P r (1 )
r
4
8
Show that the least perimeter occurs when r 2
and calculate the value of
4
to the nearest degree.

Question 16 (continued)
(b) In the diagram, Q is the point (-1,0), R is the point (1,0), and P is another point on the
circle with centre O and radius 1. Let POR and PQR , and let tan m .

i.

Explain why OPQ is isosceles, and hence deduce that 2

ii.

Find the equation of the line PQ

iii.

Show that x coordinates of P and Q are solutions of the equation

(1 m ) x 2m x m 1 0
2

iv.

Using this equation, find the coordinates of P in terms of m

v.

Hence deduce that tan 2

2 tan
1 tan 2

2
2

2015 Fort Street High Mathematics Trial Solutions

Section I: Multiple Choice
1

4 x2 1 0
4x2 1
x2

1
4

1 Mark: B

1
1
x and x
2
2
1
2 2 2 2 6
2
8

Since it is below the axes

f ( x) dx 6

1 Mark: C

Function is not smooth and continuous at x 2 and x 4

4
5

x sin x cos x

1 Mark: A
1 Mark: D

1 2x

0 e 1 dx 2 e x
0
1

2x

1
1

e 2 1 0
2
2

1
1
e2
2
2
1
(e 2 1)
2
6
7

Particle comes to rest at v = 0, which is a stationary point

25 4 7 2
25 56
0
no real roots

x 3t 2
3
x t 2 2t c
2
t 0, x 2c 2
3
x t 2 2t 2
2
1
x t 3 t 2 2t k
2
t 0, x 4 k 4
1
x t 3 t 2 2t 4
2
At t 5
1
x 125 25 10 4 51.5
2

1 Mark: B

1 Mark: A

1 Mark: A

1 Mark: C

1|Page

10

b
2a
1

2 1
1

2
2
1
1 1
At x , y 11 11.25
2
2 2
7 2
2
1
7x 2x 2 x 2x c
7
2
x2 c
2
x
x

1 Mark: A

1 Mark: A

2|Page

Section II:
Q11
(a)

Comments
ln12

ln 5
1.543959...
1.54(to 3 sig . figs.)

log 5 12

Many answered to 3 decimal

places

Well done

Well done

Well done

Many wrote cos

(b)
3x 2 5 x 2 3x 2 6 x x 2
3 x( x 2) 1( x 2)
( x 2)(3 x 1)
(c)

5
3 2 5 3 10

3 4
32
32
10 5 3
5 3 10
(d)
2x 1 3
2x 1 3
2x 4
x2
or
2 x 1 3
2 x 2
x 1
1 x 2
(e)

f ( x) 2sin 3 x
f '( x) 6 cos 3 x
3

f ' 6 cos
18
18
6 cos

1
. Students
6 2
need to learn the exact ratios for
sin, cos and tan.

6
3
6
2
3 3

3|Page

(f)
x 2x
x2 1 2 x

e
dx

e c for each component

2
4 2

Many forgot the dashed line for

the parabola. Read questions
carefully.

for correct curves including dotted

line for parabola
for correct intercepts
for correct shaded region

4|Page

Q12
(a)

Comments
i.

10 9 90 (sample space)
10 8 80 (for 2nd card not matching)
80 8
P ( not a pair )

90 9

This was poorly answered

Also,
1
9

ii.

2
8

10 8 2 160
10 9 8 720

8
9

160 2
P (3rd a pair )

720 9

6
8

(b)
i.

8 2 2

9 8 9

$800(1.1)30 $13,959.52...
$13,960
ii.

800(1.1)30 800(1.1)29 ... 800(1.1)1

800((1.1)30 (1.1) 29 ... (1.1))
GP with a = 1.1, n =30, r =1.1
1.1(1.130 1.1)
1.1 1
1.1(1.130 1)

0.1
11(1.130 1)

S30

800(11(1.130 1)) 144, 754.7399... $144, 755

(c)

2 cos 2 x 1 0

2 cos 2 x 1
cos 2 x

1
2

cos x

Many students did not put the

signs, hence, did not get all the
values

1
2

3 3
, ,
,
4 4 4
4
values signs solutions
For x

5|Page

(d)
y 2sin 2 x 3
At x 0 y 2sin 0 3 3
y ' 4 cos 2 x
At x 0 y ' 4

This part was answered well

Some students used AP to solve

this.
Poorly answered

y y1 m( x x1 )
y 3 4( x 0)
y 3 4x
y 4x 3

(e)

x
n 0

9
n 1

9 9 9
... 18
x x 2 x3
1
9
LHS is S where r and a
x
x
9

18 x
1 1
x

1 9
18 1
x x
18( x 1) 9
18 x 18 9
27 18 x
3

x
2

i.e.

6|Page

Q13
(a)

Comments
i.

tan
tan

2 cot
sec 1 sec 1
tan
tan
LHS

sec 1 sec 1
tan (sec 1) tan (sec 1)

sec 2 1
tan sec tan tan sec tan

tan 2
2 tan

tan 2
2 cot

Generally well done but setting

out needs attention

Generally well done

Some used x

RHS
(b)
i.

AP : a 45 , d 3
Tn a (n 1)d
T1 45 a 45
T2 48
T3 51 d 3 for correct a and d
T20 45 (20 1) 3 102 jumps
ii.
n
(2a (n 1)d )
2
20

(2 45 3 19)
2
1470 jumps

S 20

(c)
i.
8 y x 8 x 24
2

x 2 8 x 4 (4) 2 24
2

( x 4) 2 8
8 y 8 x 4

b
to find
2a
vertex but then couldnt find
focus, therefore no mark awarded

4(2)( y 1) ( x 4) 2
a = 2, vertex is (4, 1) and Focus is (4, 5)

7|Page

ii.
1
x 1
4
y ' 1 1 2
y'

Generally well done

NOTE: mark was not deducted
for incorrect general form (but
maybe it will in HSC so take
care.)

Overall well done

Generally well done. Some made

the assumption of 1 0.06 0.04

2
1
At x 4, y (4) 2 (4) 3 9 i.e. 4,9
8
1
y 9 ( x 4)
2
2 y 18 ( x 4)

mnormal

x 2 y 22 0 is the normal

iii.
1
x 1
4
equating the two
m 3 and y '

1
x 1
4
x 16
3

1
y (16) 2 16 3
8
(16,19)
(d)
6% batteries 4% bulbs ->defective
94% batteries 96% bulbs ->good
P(Both battery and bulb good)
94% 96%
9024
10000
564

625

8|Page

Q14
(a)

Comments
i.

Common to misapply Simpson's

Rule. Many students did not
realise that 5 function values
were needed for 2 applications.
Also many misquoted the rule,
sometimes 2 mistakes were
made.

Well done apart from careless

errors.

ii.
h
y0 yn 4 y1 y3 2 y2
3
0.25

4 2 4(3.2 2.29) 2 2.67

3
2.78

(b)
i.
y x 3 12 x 2 36 x
y x( x 2 12 x 36)
x( x 6) 2
y 0 & x 0, x 6 are the intercepts

ii.
y ' 3 x 2 24 x 36
y' 0
0 3 x 2 24 x 36
x 2 8 x 12
( x 6)( x 2)
x 2, 6 are possible turning points

y '' 6 x 24
at x 2, y '' 12 24 0
max
at x 6, y '' 36 24 0
min
x 2, y 32
x 6, y 0
(2,32) is max & (6, 0) is min

9|Page

iii.

for correct domain

for shape, labelling of intercepts & max/min points
(c) y 3 x 1, y 2 x 2 4 x 5
3x 1 2 x 2 4 x 5
0 2 x2 x 6
2 x 2 4 x 3x 6
2 x( x 2) 3( x 2)
( x 2)(2 x 3)
x 2, x 1

Some students made errors in the

simultaneous equations and had
the wrong endpoints for the
integration. Careless errors in
evaluating the integral common.

3
2

A (3 x 1) (2 x 2 4 x 5)dx
2
3
2

2 x 2 x 6 dx
2

1
2
2
x3 x 2 6 x
2
3
2
3

23 13
1
3
2
3 2

6 2 2 6 2
32 22
2
2 3

343
units 2

24
10 | P a g e

(d)

i.

A 10e kt
t 4, A 3.2

Well done apart from careless

errors.

3.2 10e 4 k
0.32 e 4 k
ln(0.32) 4k
1
k ln(0.32)
4
0.2848585708
0.285

ii.

1 10e0.285t
1
e0.285t
10
1
ln 0.285t
10
1
t
ln(0.1)
0.285
8.07942...
8 hrs

11 | P a g e

Q15
(a)

Comments

i.

Students need to draw/copy

diagrams larger.
Mostly answered well with
reasons given for statements.

ii.

1
(180 104)
2
38 ( sum of isosceles )

PQR

for answer and for reason

iii.
PRQ 38 (base ' s of isosceles )
PRN 180 38 142 ( straight line)
1
Hence MRN 142 71 ( RM bi sec ts given)
2
MRQ 71 38 109 (adjacent ' s )
QMR 180 109 19 52 ( sum of )

(b) y sec x

Students need to show

substitution step.

Remember to include c. Some

students forgot/did not find the
value of constant.

V sec 2 x dx
0

tan x 0
3

3 0

3 units 3
(c)
i.
dx
4 2t
dt
x 4 2t dt
4t t 2 c
At x 1, t 0 c 1
x t 2 4t 1

12 | P a g e

ii.

dx
0
dt
0 4 2t
t 2

Comments
Mostly well done

d 2x
2
dt 2
iii.

t 0, x 1
t 2, x 1 8 4 54units travelled
t 4, x 1 4 4 4 1 4units travelled
2

travlled a total of 8units

Many students misinterpreted the

question: finding distance
travelled in the fourth second
instead of in the first 4
seconds.

13 | P a g e

Q16
(a)

Comments
Still very poor at attempting
Show Questions
Explanation of each component
was poor, particularly the
semicircle AXB
1 2

r for area of sector very

2
poorly known. Need to learn
formulae correctly.
In (i) and (ii): many used

i.
P arcAXB arcBC AB

1 r
2 r r
2 2

r 1
2

ii.
A Semicircle sec tor
2

1 r 1
r 2
2 2 2
1

r 2 r 2
8
2
now A 1, so

1 r2
8 2
1

r2 8 2
1

2 r2 8
2
2
r
4

Substituting for in P r 1 gives

2

P r 2 1
4
2 r
2 r
r
r
2 r 4

2
r r
r
4
2

r 1 as required
r
4

1 2 1 r
r which is
2
2 2
clearly incorrect. Should be
2

1
1 r
R 2 (i.e. use a
2
2 2
different pronumeral)
Several students got lost and
did not make the subject. Need
to focus on what youre trying to
do. Show P formula, which has
no , means has to be
eliminated somehow. This gives
your working a direction.

14 | P a g e

iii.
dP
For stationary pt ,
0
dr
dP
d 2P
2
dP
2 1 ;
0;
4r 3 0
dr
r
dr 2
4 dr
min (as r 0)
2

0 2 1
r
4
2 4

r2
4
2
r
4

2 4
8
r2
4

Very poor at explaining what was

happening often a lot of very
disconnected mathematical
statements where logic flow was
difficult or impossible to follow
(or indeed was not present).

Comments
Then
2

r2 4

4
4

from part (ii ),

4 4
1 radian
1

180

57

(b)
i.

OP is a radius, as is OQ
POQ is isosceles
P (base ' s of isosceles )
2 (ext. sum of opposite int . ' s )

ii.

PQ has gradient m tan

Q( 1, 0)
y 0 m( x 1)
y mx m

Reasons often missing (no marks

given in these cases)

Many students used tan

instead of m [look at the question
overall- theres m all through the
equations use it instead of
tan , which comes in only in
the last part]
15 | P a g e

iii.
P and Q are on x 2 y 2 1 and y mx m

So, solving simultaneously:

x 2 m 2 ( x m) 2 1

Some managed to show for Q by

substituting x 1 , which
gained 1 mark

x 2 m 2 x 2 2m 2 x m 2 1
x 2 (1 m 2 ) 2m 2 x m 2 1 0

Which is the given equation, so P and Q satisfy it.

Q is (-1, 0) => x 1

LHS (1 m 2 ) 1 2m 2 1 m 2 1
2

1 m 2 2m 2 m 2 1
0
RHS
iv.
x

b b 2 4ac
2a
2m 2 4m 4 4(1 m 2 )(m 2 1)
2(1 m 2 )

2m 2 4m 4 4(m 4 1)

2(1 m 2 )

2m 2 4
2(1 m 2 )

2m 2 2
2(1 m 2 )

2m 2 2m 2
;
2(1 m 2 ) 2(1 m 2 )

(m 2 1)
1;
(m 2 1)
i.e. P has x value

y mx m

This was the commonly used

Comments
method.
Simpler and more elegant
attempts used root relationships
(see Alternate Method), which
came out easily.
Those who use this method often
did not resolve adequately for the
x value of P, nor identify Qs x
value (so P must be the other)
y value often not found

Much of the algebra work

involving algebraic fractions was
extremely poorly done
Point specifically asked for so
give Ps coordinates

1 m2
1 m2

1 m2
m 2 m
m 1
m 2 1 m 2 1
m

m2 1

2m
2

m 1

1 m 2 2m
P is 2 , 2
m 1 m 1
16 | P a g e

Alternate Method:
Roots are -1 and x p ,so

b
a
2m 2

1 m2
2m 2
xp 1
1 m2
1 m 2 2m 2

1 m2
1 m2

1 m2
y mx m

xp 1

1 m2
m
m
2
1 m

m 1 m 2 m 1 m 2
1 m2

2m
1 m2

1 m 2 2m
P is
,
2
2
1 m 1 m
v.
mOP tan

But also
mOP

y P y0
xP x0

2m
0
2

m
1

1 m2
0
m2 1
m2 1
2m
2
m 1 1 m2
2m

1 m2
2m
So tan
1 m2
But m tan and 2

Hence tan 2

Many extension 1 candidates

tried to state the double angle
formula here without linking to
the question- this was awarded
no marks. They were amongst
many who struggled to see the
relationship between gradient
definition and m tan
definition from trigonometry.

2 tan
1 tan 2
17 | P a g e