Astate

NUJHS Vol. 3, No.
3, September 2013, ISSN 2249-7110
Nitte University Journal of Health Science

Original Article
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED

TEACHING PROGRAMME (PTP) ON POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN
SYNDROME (PCOS) AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN
SELECTED HIGH SCHOOLS AT MANGALORE
Pramila D'Souza
Lecturer, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecological Nursing, Father Muller College of Nursing, Mangalore.
Correspondence
Pramila D'Souza
Lecturer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing, Father Muller College of Nursing, Mangalore.
Mobile : +91 93418 89198 E-mail: prameela_dsouza@rediffmail.com & Pramila.madtha@gmail.com
Abstract :
A study was done to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme (PTP) on polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among
adolescent girls in selected high schools at Mangalore. The main objectives of the study were
1. To assess the pre-test level of knowledge regarding PCOS among adolescent girls in Selected high schools at Mangalore.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome among
adolescent girls in selected high schools at Mangalore.
3. To find the association between the pre-test knowledge score of adolescent girls and selected variables.
An evaluatory approach with pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used for the study. The subjects were 100
adolescent girls selected by convenience sampling technique. PTP was administered after the assessment of pre-intervention
knowledge on PCOS. Post intervention knowledge was assessed on the 7th day of the administration of PTP through the same structured
knowledge questionnaire. The results of this study in general showed, the significant difference between the mean pre-test and posttest knowledge score (t99=7.02, p<0.05).The significant difference was found in between all the areas. There was no association between
the pre-test knowledge score and selected demographic variables. Hence it can be concluded that PTP was effective in gaining
knowledge of adolescent girls on PCOS. which was evident in post-test knowledge score.
Keywords : Knowledge; Effectiveness; Adolescent girls; Planned Teaching Programme (PTP).
Introduction :
an ovulation, infertility and hyperandrogenism.The
Puberty is a period of several years in which rapid physical
prevalence of PCOS in the general population has been
growth and psychological changes occur, culminating in
estimated to be 5-10% of women of reproductive age. In
sexual maturity. It is important for both teen and for their
India 26,626,765 population is affected with polycystic
family to understand what is happening to the teen
ovarian disease. Even in developed country like USA, PCOS
physically, cognitively, and socially and what support
is a common problem and is one of the most prevalent
endocrine system diseases, affecting as many as 7 to 10 out
resources are available
Access this article online

Quick Response Code
Polycystic ovary syndrome

(PCOS) is a common
endocrine disorder affecting
about 6% of women of
reproductive age,
of 100 (or 7 to 10 percent) of women of childbearing age

(15 to 45 years). Unfortunately, this disorder often goes
undiagnosed because of its many baffling and seemingly
unrelated symptoms. The highest reported prevalence of
PCO is 52% among South Asian Women.
characterized by
PCOS cannot only be on the radar of family and adult
gynaecologic and endocrine
healthcare providers. There is growing evidence that PCOS
symptoms including chronic
is also a paediatric syndrome. Because some females reach
Keywords: Knowledge; Effectiveness; Adolescent girls; Planned

Teaching Programme (PTP). - Pramila D'Souza
101
NUJHS Vol. 3, No.3, September 2013, ISSN 2249-7110

menarche as early as 8-9 years, PCOS needs to be a topic of
were selected from St. Agnes and Gerosa English Mediun
concern for health care providers early in a child or
school by using convenient sampling. Data collection done
adolescent's reproductive health. According to the Centres
on 9th September 2011 and posttest on 16th September
for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) -2011, number of
2011.Written permission was obtained from the
obese children in the U.S. has tripled since 1980.
concerned authorities before the data collection. and the
PCOS is a frustrating experience for women, often complex

for managing clinicians and is a scientific challenge for
researchers. As research in PCOS is rapidly advancing, it is
vital that research evidence is translated to knowledge and
action among women, healthcare professionals and policy
makers. Management should focus on support, education,
addressing psychological factors and strongly emphasizing
healthy lifestyle with targeted medical therapy as required.
Treatment for the large majority is lifestyle focused, and an
investigator familiarized herself with her subjects and

explained the purpose of the study to them. After giving
necessary instructions to the subjects, the baseline
information was collected. Pre-test knowledge level was
assessed by using Structured Knowledge Questionnaire.
Time taken for the Pre-test was 20 minutes. Immediately
after the pre-test, PTP on PCOS was administered to the
subjects. Post-test was conducted on the 7th day using the
same Structured Knowledge Questionnaire.
aggressive lifestyle-based multidisciplinary approach is
Results :
optimal in most cases to manage the features of PCOS and
Main findings are discussed under the following headings
prevent long-term complications
1. Base line characteristics of the adolescent girls
Nurses are in a critical position to provide comprehensive

care to adolescents afflicted with the syndrome.
Table 1: Frequency and Percentage distribution of subjects

according to their baseline characteristics
Depending upon where these young females are

encountered (in-patient hospital unit, school nurse's
office, or outpatient clinic), the nurse's role
and her
approaches to care may be different. Regardless of the

setting or role, essential elements of nursing practice
should always include education and emotional support.
Though a wide scope of treatment is available for PCOS
women in our society, they approach medical care only
when they end-up with complication or the health problem
interrupts their physical and psychological well being.
Prevention is better than cure. Therefore as a nurse, the
researcher has a pivotal role in creating awareness among
adolescents about the modification of lifestyle and
prevention of future complications, which can help to
improve the quality of life by providing education and
support.
Methods :
One group pre-test post-test research design used for the
study .The population of the study were adolescent girl's
between the age group of 14 to 16 years. Total 100 subjects
102
Sl.No Variables
1. Age
a. 14-15 years
b. 15-16 years
2. Religion
a. Hindu
b. Christian
c. Muslim
d. Others
3. Birth order of the child
a. First
b. Second
c. Third
4. Family history of PCOS
a. Yes
b. No
5. Weight (kg)
a. 35-45kg
b. 46-55kg
c. 56-65kg
N=100
14
86
14.0
86.0
59
3
38
0
59.0
3.0
38.0
0.0
53
40
7
53.0
40.0
7.0
8
92
8.0
92.0
46
40
14
46.0
40.0
14.0

Table 2 : Frequency, cumulative frequency and percentage
distribution of subjects according to their pre-test and post-test
knowledge score
N=100
Knowledge
scores
3-5
6-7
8-9
10-11
12-13
14-15
16-17
18-19
20-21
22-23
24-25
f
3
7
19
16
22
19
9
5
-
Pre-test
cf
3
10
29
45
67
86
95
100
-
%
3
7
19
16
15
19
9
5
-
Post-test
cf
1
2
17
42
70
100
f
1
1
15
25
28
30
The data in table 4 shows that the mean Posttest knoweledge

score (x2=21.74) is higher than the mean pre-test knoweledge
score (x1=11.86). It is evident that the calculated 't' value (t99
=27.61) was greater than table value (t99 at 0.05 level=1.66).
%
1
1
15
25
28
30
Hence the null hypothesis was rejected and the research

hypothesis was accepted.The mean difference between pre-test
and post-test knoweledge score was a true difference and not a
chance. This indicates that PTP was effective in increasing the
knoweledge of adeloscent girls.
Table 6 : Area wise mean, standard deviation, mean difference
and Paired 't' value of pre-test and post-test knowledge score of
adolescent girls regarding PCOS
N=100
Area
Pre-test
Post-test
Mean Paired
Mean
SD
Mean
SD Difference 't' value
Anatomy & 2.840 1.169 4.95 0.219 2.11 17.27*
physiology
Concept & 2.360 0.770 2.700 0.460 0.34 4.35*
causes
Signs &
1.950 1.270 5.730 1.406 3.78 20.42*
symptoms, pregnancy & complications
Diagnosis, 4.690 1.952 8.360 1.480 3.64 17.65*
prevention treatment
t99 = 1.66 at 0.05 level p<0.05, df=99 *=Significance
Maximum score = 25
Table 3 : Distribution of subjects according to the grading of pretest and post test knowledge score regarding PCOS
N=100
Range of
knowledge
score
21-25
16-20
11-15
0-10
Range of
percentage
Category
Pre-test Post-test
f
%
f
%
81-100
61-80
41-60
0-40
Very good
Good
Average
Poor
69 69
14 14 30 30
50 50 1
1
36 36
Maximum Score: 25
Table 4 : Area-wise mean, standard deviation and mean

percentage of subjects pre-test and post-test knowledge score
regarding PCOS
N=100
Areas of
knowledge
Pre-test
Post-test
Max.
score Mean SD Mean % Mean SD Mean%
Anatomy
5
2.84 1.169 56.80
&physiology
Concep
3
2.36 .772 78.67
& causes
Signs &
7
1.950 1.274 27.86
symptoms, pregnancy & complications
Diagnosis,
10
4.69 1.95 46.90
prevention treatment
Overall
25 11.86 3.428 47.36
Maximum score= 25
4.95
2.7
.219
.460
The data presented in table 6 shows computed paired 't' test

values between the pre-test and post-test is higher than the table
value (t=1.66,p<0.05). The data is statistically significant in all the
areas. Hence it is inferred that the PTP was effective in increasing
the knowledge of subjects regarding PCOS.
99
Table 7: Association between selected variables and pre-test

knowledge score of adolescent girls regarding PCOS
N=100
90
Sl. Variable
No.
5.73 1.406 81.86

8.36 1.480 83.60
21.74 2.246 86.96
Table 5 : Mean, Mean difference, Standard deviation and Paired 't'

test value Between Pre-test and Post-test Knowledge Score of
Adolescent girls regarding PCOS
N=100
Group
Mean knowledge Mean

Standard
't' value
score
difference
deviation
Pre-test Post-test
Pre-test Post-test
Adolescent 11.86
girls
t(99)=1.66, p<0.05
21.74
9.90
3.428
2.246
27.61*
*=Significant

103
Pre-test
knowledge score
mean > mean
1. Age
14-15 years
7
15-16 years
38
2. Religion
Hindu
27
Others
18
3. Birth order of the child
First
23
Other
22
4. Family history of PCOS
Yes
6
No
39
5. Weight (kg)
35-45 kg
20
46-55 kg
20
56-65 kg
5
?21=3.84, ?22=5.99; P<0.05
Inference
7
48
0.164
Not
significant
32
23
0.034
Not
significant
30
25
0.117
Not
significant
2
53
1.982
Not
significant
26
20
9
0.935
Not
significant

The above table shows that Chi-square test value computed
between pre-test knowledge score and demographic variables
was not significant at 0.05 levels. Therefore there is no association
between knowledge score of subjects and above listed selected
demographic variables. Hence null hypothesis is accepted and
research hypothesis is rejected. Thus it is inferred that gain in
knowledge score was due to the administration of PTP.
Figure 1: Distribution of subjects according to their level of
knowledge.
Conclusion :
India is the second most populated country in the world
with total population of over 1081 million. Adolescents
(10-19 years) are living in diverse circumstances and have
diverse health needs. Absence of friendly staff, working
hours that are inconvenient to adolescents and lack of
privacy and confidentiality have been identified as
100
90
important barriers in accessing health services by
Pre-test
80
adolescents and young people. The health sector needs to
Post-test
69
70
Percentage
administration of PTP.
respond by offering services to adolescents in a friendly
60
50
manner and in a non-threatening environment. The
50
36
40
present study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of
30
PTP on PCOS among adolescent girls in selected high
30
14
20
schools at Mangalore.
10
After the administration of PTP the post-test measures
0
Very good
Good
Average
Poor
showed that there was an overall gain in knowledge score,
Level of knowledge
and significant increase in knowledge in the areas. Indeed it

can be conclude that the PTP is effective strategy to
Discussion:
The aim of the study was to develop and implement a PTP
to improve the knowledge of adolescent girls on PCOS. This
study findings revealed that the PTP is an one of the
effective strategy to improve the knowledge of people. A
similar study conducted in Udupi taluk to determine the
effectiveness of planned teaching programme on
environmental health showed the following findings , there
is no association found between the pre-test knowledge
score and baseline variable. The calculated Chi-square test
values were 0.08, 3.37, 0.73, 2.33, which is less than the
table value (2=3.841, 2=5.99) at 0.05 level. Hence null
hypothesis is accepted and research hypothesis is rejected.
Thus it is inferred that gain in knowledge score was due to
the administration of PTP. The present study also showed
that there is no association between the pre-test
knowledge score of adolescent girls and demographic
variables. The Chi-square test values were 0.164, 0.034,
0.117, 1.982, 0.935, which was less than the table value (21
improve the knowledge of the people.

References :
1. Feirer SM, Kives S. Polycystic ovary syndrome in the adolescent.
Obstet. Gynaecol.Clin.N.Am. 2009; 36 (1): 129-52.
2. Sven B, Susanne H, Susanne T, Onno EJ, Manfred S, Sigrid E.
Maladaptive coping with illness in women with polycystic ovary
syndrome. JOGNN 2010; 39 (1) : 37-9.
3. Barnad L, Ferriday D, Guenther N, Straus B, Balen AH, Dye L. Quality of
life and psychological well being in polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum
Reprod 2007; 22: 2279-86.
4. Dewaily D, Contestin M, Gallo C, Catteau-Jonard S. Metabolic
syndrome in young women with the polycystic ovary syndrome:
revisiting the threshold for an abnormally decreased high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol serum level. BJOG 2010; 117: 175-80.
5. Gambineri A, Pelusi C, Vicennati. Obesity and polycystic ovary
syndrome. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2002; 26: 883-96.
6. Kovacs C, Smith J. A guide to the polycystic ovary: its effects on health
and fertility.2nd ed. Castle Hill Barns: TFM Publishers; 2002.
7. PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRMSponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003
consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to
polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil. Steril. 2004 Jan; 81(1): 19-25.
8. Azziz R. The polycystic ovary syndrome: current concepts on
pathogenesis and clinical care. 1st ed. New Delhi: Springer Science &
Business Media LLC; 2007.
9. Ehrmann D. Clinical trials and research. [online]. [cited on2009 Jan].
Available from: URL:http://www.hormone.org/Polycystic/overview.
cfm
=3.84 , 22=5.99 ) at 0.05 level. Hence the null hypothesis is

accepted and research hypothesis is rejected. Thus it is
inferred that gain in knowledge score was due to the
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NUJHS Vol. 3, No.

3, September 2013, ISSN 2249-7110

Nitte University Journal of Health Science

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED

an ovulation, infertility and hyperandrogenism.The

Puberty is a period of several years in which rapid physical

prevalence of PCOS in the general population has been

growth and psychological changes occur, culminating in

estimated to be 5-10% of women of reproductive age. In

sexual maturity. It is important for both teen and for their

India 26,626,765 population is affected with polycystic

family to understand what is happening to the teen

ovarian disease. Even in developed country like USA, PCOS

physically, cognitively, and socially and what support

is a common problem and is one of the most prevalent

endocrine system diseases, affecting as many as 7 to 10 out

resources are available

Access this article online

Polycystic ovary syndrome

of 100 (or 7 to 10 percent) of women of childbearing age

PCOS cannot only be on the radar of family and adult

gynaecologic and endocrine

healthcare providers. There is growing evidence that PCOS

symptoms including chronic

is also a paediatric syndrome. Because some females reach

Keywords: Knowledge; Effectiveness; Adolescent girls; Planned

NUJHS Vol. 3, No.3, September 2013, ISSN 2249-7110

Nitte University Journal of Health Science

were selected from St. Agnes and Gerosa English Mediun

concern for health care providers early in a child or

school by using convenient sampling. Data collection done

adolescent's reproductive health. According to the Centres

on 9th September 2011 and posttest on 16th September

for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) -2011, number of

2011.Written permission was obtained from the

obese children in the U.S. has tripled since 1980.

concerned authorities before the data collection. and the

PCOS is a frustrating experience for women, often complex

investigator familiarized herself with her subjects and

aggressive lifestyle-based multidisciplinary approach is

optimal in most cases to manage the features of PCOS and

Main findings are discussed under the following headings

prevent long-term complications

1. Base line characteristics of the adolescent girls

Nurses are in a critical position to provide comprehensive

Table 1: Frequency and Percentage distribution of subjects

Depending upon where these young females are

approaches to care may be different. Regardless of the

NUJHS Vol. 3, No.3, September 2013, ISSN 2249-7110

Nitte University Journal of Health Science

The data in table 4 shows that the mean Posttest knoweledge

Hence the null hypothesis was rejected and the research

Table 4 : Area-wise mean, standard deviation and mean

The data presented in table 6 shows computed paired 't' test

Table 7: Association between selected variables and pre-test

5.73 1.406 81.86

Table 5 : Mean, Mean difference, Standard deviation and Paired 't'

Mean knowledge Mean

Keywords: Knowledge; Effectiveness; Adolescent girls; Planned