This document summarizes TCP connection establishment and termination. It discusses:
- Connection establishment requires a handshake process between endpoints to negotiate parameters and allocate resources. This is illustrated through state diagrams.
- TCP uses a three-way handshake of SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK packets to reliably establish a connection between endpoints.
- Connections are uniquely identified by the source and destination sockets (host and port).
- Connections are terminated through a similar three-way handshake process using FIN packets to gracefully close the connection and avoid losing any remaining data segments.
This document summarizes TCP connection establishment and termination. It discusses:
- Connection establishment requires a handshake process between endpoints to negotiate parameters and allocate resources. This is illustrated through state diagrams.
- TCP uses a three-way handshake of SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK packets to reliably establish a connection between endpoints.
- Connections are uniquely identified by the source and destination sockets (host and port).
- Connections are terminated through a similar three-way handshake process using FIN packets to gracefully close the connection and avoid losing any remaining data segments.
This document summarizes TCP connection establishment and termination. It discusses:
- Connection establishment requires a handshake process between endpoints to negotiate parameters and allocate resources. This is illustrated through state diagrams.
- TCP uses a three-way handshake of SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK packets to reliably establish a connection between endpoints.
- Connections are uniquely identified by the source and destination sockets (host and port).
- Connections are terminated through a similar three-way handshake process using FIN packets to gracefully close the connection and avoid losing any remaining data segments.
This document summarizes TCP connection establishment and termination. It discusses:
- Connection establishment requires a handshake process between endpoints to negotiate parameters and allocate resources. This is illustrated through state diagrams.
- TCP uses a three-way handshake of SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK packets to reliably establish a connection between endpoints.
- Connections are uniquely identified by the source and destination sockets (host and port).
- Connections are terminated through a similar three-way handshake process using FIN packets to gracefully close the connection and avoid losing any remaining data segments.
Termination required by connection-oriented transport protocols like TCP need connection establishment and termination procedures to allow: each end to know the other exists negotiation of optional parameters triggers allocation of transport entity resources
11/30/2011
Connection State Diagram
Assume a reliable network (no loss seen at the transport layer).
Connection Establishment Diagram
Assume a reliable network (no
loss seen at the transport layer).
What if either SYN is
lost? (discussed later) 4
11/30/2011
Connection Termination either or both sides by mutual agreement graceful or abrupt termination if graceful, initiator must: send FIN to other end, requesting termination place connection in FIN WAIT state when FIN received, inform user and close connection
other end must:
when receives FIN must inform TS user and place connection in CLOSE WAIT state when TS user issues CLOSE primitive, send FIN & close connection 5
Connection Establishment two way handshake A send SYN, B replies with SYN lost SYN handled by re-transmission ignore duplicate SYNs once connected
lost or delayed data segments can cause
connection problems eg. segment from old connection
11/30/2011
Two Way Handshake: Obsolete Data Segment Solution: starting SN is far away from the last SN of the previous connection. Use request of the form SYNi where i +1 is the SN of the first data segment to be sent. 7
Two Way Handshake:
Obsolete SYN Segment
11/30/2011
TCP Three Way Handshake: State Diagram
TCP Three Way Handshake: Examples
10
11/30/2011
TCP Connection Establishment:
Summary three way handshake SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK
connection determined by source and
destination sockets (host, port) can only have a single connection between any unique pairs of ports but one port can connect to multiple ports
11
Connection Termination (2)
also need 3-way handshake misordered segments could cause: entity in CLOSE WAIT state sends last data segment, followed by FIN FIN arrives before last data segment receiver accepts FIN, closes connection, loses data
need to associate sequence number with FIN
receiver waits for all segments before FIN sequence number 12
11/30/2011
Connection Termination: Graceful Close also have problems with loss of segments and obsolete segments need graceful close which will: send FIN i and receive AN i+1 receive FIN j and send AN j+1 wait twice maximum expected segment lifetime
