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    Organic Compound Reagent/reactant Condition Classification

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    FaridOraha
    This document summarizes various reactions of organic compounds including alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, and others. It lists reagents/reactants, reaction conditions, and classifications or products for each reaction. Some key reactions include combustion of alkanes with O2, halogenation of alkanes and alkenes with Cl2, Br2, I2, addition of HX acids to alkenes, oxidation of alcohols with K2Cr2O7/H+ or KMnO4, and dehydration of alcohols to form alkenes using acids like H2SO4 or bases like KOH.

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    Organic Compound Reagent/reactant Condition Classification

    Uploaded by

    FaridOraha
    46 views2 pages
    This document summarizes various reactions of organic compounds including alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, and others. It lists reagents/reactants, reaction conditions, and classifications or products for each reaction. Some key reactions include combustion of alkanes with O2, halogenation of alkanes and alkenes with Cl2, Br2, I2, addition of HX acids to alkenes, oxidation of alcohols with K2Cr2O7/H+ or KMnO4, and dehydration of alcohols to form alkenes using acids like H2SO4 or bases like KOH.

    Original Description:

    Organic Compound Table

    Original Title

    Organic Compound Table

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    This document summarizes various reactions of organic compounds including alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, and others. It lists reagents/reactants, reaction conditions, and classifications or products for each reaction. Some key reactions include combustion of alkanes with O2, halogenation of alkanes and alkenes with Cl2, Br2, I2, addition of HX acids to alkenes, oxidation of alcohols with K2Cr2O7/H+ or KMnO4, and dehydration of alcohols to form alkenes using acids like H2SO4 or bases like KOH.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    46 views2 pages

    Organic Compound Reagent/reactant Condition Classification

    Uploaded by

    FaridOraha
    This document summarizes various reactions of organic compounds including alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, and others. It lists reagents/reactants, reaction conditions, and classifications or products for each reaction. Some key reactions include combustion of alkanes with O2, halogenation of alkanes and alkenes with Cl2, Br2, I2, addition of HX acids to alkenes, oxidation of alcohols with K2Cr2O7/H+ or KMnO4, and dehydration of alcohols to form alkenes using acids like H2SO4 or bases like KOH.

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    Organic

    compound
    Alkane

    Reagent/reactant

    Condition

    Classification

    O2

    In gaseous state

    Combustion,produces water &


    CO2

    Sunlight, organic solvent

    Homolytic free radical


    substitution,produces
    halogenoalkanes

    Nickel cat, 4atm,


    100<suo>o</sup>C

    Heterolytic eletrophilic
    addition,produces alkanes

    Cl2, Br2, I2

    Aqueous or organic,
    reaction with Br water used
    to test for alkenes

    Heterolytic eletrophilic
    addition,produces RX with 2
    halogen atoms

    HCl, HBr, HI

    Gas phase or inert/organic


    solvent

    Heterolytic eletrophilic
    addition,markovnikovs rule,
    cabocation stability,produces RX

    KMnO4 , acidified
    potassium mangnate
    (VII)

    Purple colour of solution


    decolorises when added to
    alkenes.

    Oxidation, heterolytic
    eletrophilic addition,produces
    diols

    Phosphoric acid
    H3PO4 cat

    300oC, 60atm, ethanol the


    reaction is reversible and
    yield is 95% as unused
    gases are recycled.

    Hetrolytic electrophilic
    addition.,steam hydration
    produces ethanol

    Alkene

    Oxygen containing
    compound to initiate
    reaction. Ethene
    polymerises to low density
    polyethene at 200 oC and
    20000atm.

    Addition Polymerisation

    H2SO4 and water.

    The H2SO4 acts as a


    catalyst and is recovered in
    the end when water reacts
    with alkyl hydrogen
    sulphates to produce ROH

    Electrophilic addition reaction

    Warm, aqueous under


    reflux

    Heterolytic nucleophilic
    substitution, RX hydrolysed to
    ROH nu- is OH-, iodoalkanes
    are fastest to hydrolyse because
    their bonds are the weakest.

    KOH

    Warm in ethanol, in
    anhydrous conditions and
    under reflux

    Elimination, produces alkenes


    and KX

    KCN

    Ethanol, under reflux this


    Heterolytic nucleophilic
    produces nitriles, nu- is CN- substitution,this produces -

    NH3

    NH3 is dissolved in ethanol,


    heated under reflux.

    Heterolytic nucleophilic
    substitution, this produces
    amines.

    For 1mary RX under reflux


    for ROOH production,
    distillation for aldehydes

    Oxidation, for primary


    secondary but tertiary ROH
    cant be oxidised.

    Cl2, Br2, I2
    Alkene

    H2

    RCl, RBr, RI
    Haloalkanes KOH, NAOH

    ROH,
    Alcohols

    K2Cr2O72-/H+
    acidified potassium

    dichromate(VI)

    For 2ndry ROH under reflux


    for ketones

    H2SO4(l)

    Reflux at 170oC

    Dehydration produces c=c

    Al2O3(s)

    300oC

    Dehydration produces c=c

    H3PO3

    70oC

    Dehydration produces c=c

    PCl5(l)

    Room temp used to test for


    OH group when added to
    OH acidic fumes produced
    turning blue litmus paper
    red

    Halogenation,produces
    chloroalkanes

    NaBr(s)/H2SO4(l)

    Reflux, HBR is made in situ


    from sulphuric acid and NBr

    Halogenation produces
    bromoalaknes, nucleophilic
    substitution

    Red P + I2

    Reflux

    Halogenation produces
    iodoalkanes

    Na metal

    Na will react gently with


    ROH

    This produces alkoxides such as


    sodium ethanoate and H gas

    ROOH

    Warm with a conc acid


    catalyst

    This produces esters the O-H


    bond is broken in the
    Esterification reaction

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