INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

GHAZIABAD
A Study Of Customer Perception Of Service Quality In Banking Sector In
Deutsche Bank AG.

Dissertation Report Submitted Towards Partial Fulfillment Of

Post Graduate Diploma In Management
(Approved by AICTE Govt. Of India)
Academic Session
2014-2016

Under The Guidance Of:

Faculty Guide:
Dr. Yogita Sharma
Professor, Marketing

Submitted By:
Anuradha Rathore
BM- 014045

DISSERTATION PROJECT CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Miss. Anuradha Rathore with Roll Number BM-014045, a student of
PGDM has worked on a dissertation project titled A study of Customer Perception of service
quality in Banking Sector at Deutsche Bank AG after Trimester-V in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the Post Graduate Diploma in Management program. This is his original work to
the best of my knowledge.

Date: March 16, 2016

Signature _________

Dr. Yogita Sharma

To whomsoever it may concern

This is to certify that Anuradha Rathore, a student of IMS Ghaziabad PGDM bearing Roll No.
BM - 014045 has worked dissertation project titled A study of customer perception of service
quality in Banking sector under my guidance and supervision.
This Dissertation Project Report has the requisite standard and to the best of my knowledge and
no part of it has been reproduced from any other dissertation project, monograph, report or
book.
I hereby certify his/ her work excellent /good/ satisfactory to the best of my knowledge.

Dr. Yogita Sharma

Professor, Marketing
IMS Ghaziabad

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Project work is never the work of an individual. It is more a combination of views and ideas,
suggestions and contribution and work. This project also bears the imprint of many people. Thus
one of the most pleasant parts of writing this report is the opportunity to thank those who have
contributed towards it.
I would take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude towards my project
mentor Dr. Yogita Sharma, for her altruistic guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement
throughout the course of this project. She was always there to listen and to give advice. She
showed me the most appropriate way to formulate the objectives of the study and then to
accomplish them. It would not be an exaggeration to remark that without her help, the whole
project would have been difficult to pursue.
Lastly, I thank almighty, my parents, brother, and friends for their constant
encouragement without which this assignment would not have been possible.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Certificates

Acknowledgement

Executive Summary

Introduction

11

What is banking sector?

History of Banking Sector
Deutsche Bank AG
Company Overview

11
11
12
12

Service Quality

13

Literature Review

14

Research Methodology

20

Method for conducting Exploratory Research

20

Types of research designs used

21

Exploratory Research

21

Descriptive Research

21

Method for conduction Conclusive Research

21

Data Analysis Techniques

21

Data Analysis and Interpretation

22

Anova

34

Findings and Conclusion

38

References

39

Appendix

41

Questionnaire

41
5

LIST OF TABLES / GRAPHS/FIGURES

S.No

Title

Table / Picture / Graph

1.

Dimensions of service quality

1 (Picture)

2.

Gender

2a (Table)

3.

Gender

2b (Graph)

4.

Age

3a (Table)

5.

Age

3b (Graph)

6.

Education

4a (Table)

7.

Education

4b (Graph)

8.

Occupation

5a (Table)

9.

Occupation

5b (Graph)

10.

Income

6a (Table)

11.

Income

6b (Graph)

12.

Descriptive Statistics Of Service Quality Variable

7 (Table)

13.

One Sample Statistics

8 (Table)

14.

One Sample Test

9 (Table)

15.

Anova Age

10a (Table)

16.

Anova Education

10b (Table)

17.

Anova Occupation

10c (Table)

18.

Anova Income

10d (Table)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Todays finicky banking customers will settle for nothing less. The customer has come to realize
Somewhat belatedly that he is the king. The customers choice of one entity over another as his
principal bank is determined by considerations of service quality rather than any other factor. He
wants competitive loan rates but at the same time also wants his loan or credit card application
processed in double quick time. He insists that he be promptly informed of changes in deposit
rates and service charges and he bristles with customary rage if his bank is slow to redress any
grievance he may have.
He cherishes the convenience of impersonal net banking but during his occasional visits to the
branch he also wants the comfort of personalized human interactions and facilities that make his
banking experience pleasurable. In short he wants financial house that will more than just clear
his cheque and updates his passbook: he wants a bank that cares and provides great services.
In the days of intense competition, the banks are no different from any other consumer marketing
company. It has become essential for the service firms in general and banks in particular to
identify what the customer's requirements are and how those customer requirements can be met
effectively. In the days where product and price differences are blurred, superior service by the
service provider is the only differentiator left before the banks to attract, retain and partner with
the customers. Superior service quality enables a firm to differentiate itself from its competition,
gain a sustainable competitive advantage, and enhance efficiency.
The benefits of service quality include increased customer satisfaction, improved customer
retention, positive word of mouth, reduced staff turnover, decreased operating costs, enlarged
market share, increased profitability, and improved financial performance. The construct of
service quality has therefore been a subject of great interest to service marketing researchers.
'Service Quality is the difference between customers' expectations for service performance prior
to the service encounter and their perceptions of the service received.' According to Gefan
Service quality is the subjective comparison that customers make between the qualities of
service that they want to receive and what they actually get.' Parasuraman says, 'Service quality
is determined by the differences between customer's expectations of services provider's
performance and their evaluation of the services they received.
Service quality is 'the delivery of excellent or superior service relative to customer expectations.
Service quality is recognized as a multidimensional construct. While the number of dimensions
often varies from researcher to researcher, there is some consensus that service quality consists
of three primary aspects: outcome quality, interaction quality, and physical service environment
7

quality. Outcome quality refers to the customer's assessment of the core service which is the
prime motivating factor for obtaining the services (e.g. money received from ATM). Interaction
quality refers to the customer's assessment of the service delivery process, which is typically
rendered via a physical interface between the service provider, in person, or via technical
equipment, and the customer. It includes, for instance, the consumer's evaluation of the attitude
of the service providing staff. The physical service environment quality dimension refers to the
consumer's evaluation of any tangible aspect associated with the facilities or equipment that the
service is provided in/ with. It includes, for example, the physical conditions of an ATM
machine.
The most popular dimensions of service quality--features five dimensions: tangibles,
reliability, responsiveness, empathy, and assurance. The tangibles dimension corresponds to
the aforementioned physical environment aspect, the reliability dimension corresponds to the
service outcome aspect, and the remaining three represent aspects of interaction qualityRATER
is an instrument that might be used to define and measure banking service quality and to create
useful quality-assessment tools.
The RATER may finally provide the following benefits to the central bank:
1. It is the first approach to add and mix the customers religious beliefs and cultural values with
other quality dimensions.
2. It provides for multi-faced analysis of customer satisfaction.
3. It links quality with customers satisfaction and service encounter.
4. It provides information at several levels, already organized into meaningful groupings.
5. It is a proven approach, which results in usable answers to meet customers needs.
6. It is empirically grounded, systematic and well documented.
DIMENSIONS OF SERVICE QUALITY

TANGIBILITY: This dimension deal with modern looking equipments and visual
appealing part of banks.
RELIABILITY: This dimension has a direct positive effect on perceived service quality
and customer satisfaction in banking institutions. Banks must provide error free service
and secure online transactions to make customers feel comfortable.
RESPONSIVENESS: Customers expect that the banks must respond their inquiry
promptly. Responsiveness describes how often a bank voluntarily provides services that
are important to its customers. Researchers examining the responsiveness of banking
services have highlighted the importance of perceived service quality and customer
satisfaction.
ASSURANCE: Customer expects that the bank must be secured and the behaviour of the
employees must be encouraging.
8

EMPATHY: individual attention, customized service and convenient banking hours are
very much important in todays service.

In order to achieve better understanding of service quality in banking sector, the proposed five
service quality dimensions are conceptualized to illustrate the overall service quality of the
banking in relation to customers and providers perspective.
Banking was in the sector featuring medium goods and higher customer producer interactions,
since in banking, consumers and service providers interact personally and the use of goods is at a
medium level. Hence, in banking, where there are high customer-producer interactions, the
quality of service is determined to a large extent by the skills and attitudes of people producing
the service.
In the case of services, because customers are often either direct observers of the production
process or active participants, how the process is performed also has a strong influence on the
overall impression of the quality of service. A well-performed service encounter may even
overcome the negative impression caused by poor technical quality as well as generate positive
word-of-mouth, particularly if customers can see that employees have worked very hard to
satisfy them in the face of problems outside their control. Employees are part of the process,
which connects with the customer at the point of sale, and hence employees remain the key to
success at these service encounters or moments of truth. It is these encounters with customers
during a service that are the most important determinants of overall customer satisfaction, and a
customers experience with the service will be defined by the brief experience with the firms
personnel and the firms systems. The rudeness of the banks customer service representative,
the abruptness of the employee at the teller counter, or the lack of interest of the person at the
check deposit counter can alter ones overall attitude towards the service, perhaps even reversing
the impression caused by high technical quality.
Another important service quality factor, competence, is defined by whether the bank performs
the service right the first time, whether the employees of the bank tell customers exactly when
services will be performed, whether the bank lives up to its promises, whether customers feel
safe in their transactions with the bank and whether the employees show a sincere interest in
solving the customers problems. In short, this dimension is related to the banks ability to
perform the promised service accurately and dependably. Performing the service dependably and
accurately is the heart of service marketing excellence. When a company performs a service
carelessly, when it makes avoidable mistakes, and when it fails to deliver on promises made to
attract customers, it shakes customers confidence in its capabilities and undermines its chances
of earning a reputation for service excellence.

INTRODUCTION
Bank plays an important role in the economic development of a country. It is a financial
institution that accepts deposits and channels those deposits into lending activities either directly
or through capital markets. A bank connects customers which have capital deficits to those
customers with capital surpluses. The banking industry in India is facing certain challenges i.e.
challenges of quality service, customer satisfaction, customer retention, customer loyalty,
Quality service plays a major role in achieving customer satisfaction, and creating brand loyalty
in banking sector.
The Government of India, after independence had to focus on many areas among which one of
the important tasks was economic development of the country. In this context, the Industrial
policy resolution in 1948 focused on mixed economy, which played an active role in
development of different sectors including banking and finance. A major step in this direction
was the nationalization of banks in 1948.The Banking Regulation Act was enacted which
empowered the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to regulate, control and inspect the banks in India.
In other words all the banks in India fell under the jurisdiction of Reserve Bank of India under
the Banking Regulation Act.
The Government of India nationalized private banks in 1969 and later in 1980 in order to have
better control over this sector. Government of India controls around 91% of the banking business
in India. In early 1990s, the then prime minister of India P.V Narsimha Rao liberalized the sector
by giving licenses to a small number of private banks, which came to be known as new
generation tech-savvy banks. Among these banks were, Global Trust Bank (Now acquired by
Oriental Bank of Commerce), UTI Bank (now re-named as Axis Bank), ICICI Bank and HDFC
Bank. The banking sector in India constitutes government banks, private banks and foreign
banks.
In the era of Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization (LPG) banks play a dynamic role in
contributing to the economic development of the country. Some of the contributions of banks to
the economy of the country are discussed below:
Facilitator for Monetary Policy: The fiscal and monetary policy of a country has greater
impact on its economic development, and a well-developed banking system is pre-requisite for
successful implementation of the monetary policy.
Promoting Capital Formation: Banks are the reservoirs of capital providing loans to the
individuals and business. Pooling of financial resources and formation of capital is encouraged
10

by banks by way of deposits and other activities. This capital is utilized by entrepreneurs and
contributes for the economic development of the country.

Encourages Innovation: Entrepreneurship and Innovation go hand-in-hand. Banks encourage

entrepreneurship by attractive credit, which empowers them towards innovation.
Monetization: The coining of currency or printing of banknotes is done by the central bank. In
other words; banks are the manufacturers of money which is important for the economy.
Influence Economic Activity: Banks influence the rate of interest in the money market through
its supply of funds. It can influence a monetary policy with low-interest-rates which will tend to
stimulate economic activity.
Banking sector has become so important that the absence of banking industry leads to stagnation
in economic development of the country, the savings would sit idle in our homes, the
entrepreneurs would not be in a position to raise money, innovation of new products or business
models will get affected. Ordinary people having dreams of new car or house will not be able to
hpurchase-which will affect automobile and real estate business. The banking industry is facing
rapid changes in the market, such as: new technologies, economic uncertainties, fierce
competition, more demanding customers and the changing climate which lead to an
unprecedented set of challenges. Banking is a customer oriented service industry which has
witnessed a radical shift in the market power.
The effectiveness and efficiency became the buzzword of the success of banking operations and
its proper functioning particularly with respect to providing services to the customers. Service is
an invisible thing which is indispensable from the person who extends it. An efficient or
effective service is one which is extended appropriately by identifying and understanding the
needs of the individual customer from time to time. Customer service is a dynamic interactive
process which needs continuous improvement. With the advancement of information technology
and communication system, the whole world has been reduced to a global village.
The customers at the present juncture are well exposed to unstoppable innovations in
communication technology. He/she is aware of the kind of service level available around the
world and thus expects the best from his/her bank. Customer service is not only a critical
function but plays a vital role for the business. It is the next most important business strategy.
The improved customer service will definitely increase profitability. A bank can be said as
customer oriented if its various organizational activities like organizational restructuring,
staffing, and coordination are geared up to fulfill the needs of customers.
During the past two decades or so, regulatory, structural and technological factors have
significantly changed the banking environment in India. In a milieu which becomes increasingly
11

competitive, service quality as a critical measure of organizational performance continues to

compel the attention of banking institutions. The interest is largely driven by the realization that
higher service quality results in customers satisfaction and loyalty, greater willingness to
recommend to someone else, reduction in complaints and improved customer retention rates

In the era of globalization and liberalization, economic reform has become an imperative to
remain in the main stream of global economy. In this regard, banking sector being the backbone
of the economy cannot maintain status quo. It is legitimately feared that the privileged status,
which banks enjoyed for the last three decades, has already been changed with the entry of new
players in the form of private and foreign banks. Under these circumstances, the banks will have
to face pronged challenges to retain the existing customers and to create new customers.
However, success rate depends on the innovative strategies adopted by the banks including better
customer services and adequate fulfillment of customer expectations. Thus, customer satisfaction
is quite a complex issue and there is a lot of debate and confusion about what exactly is required
and how to go about it.

Deutsche Bank AG
Deutsche Bank AG is a German global banking and financial services company with its
headquarters in the Deutsche Bank Twin Towers in Frankfurt. It has more than 100,000
employees in over 70 countries, and has a large presence in Europe, the Americas, Asia-Pacific
and the emerging markets. In 2009, Deutsche Bank was the largest foreign exchange dealer in
the world with a market share of 21 percent. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx
50 stock market index.
The bank offers financial products and services for corporate and institutional clients along with
private and business clients. Services include sales, trading, research and origination of debt and
equity; mergers and acquisitions (M&A); management products, such as derivatives, corporate
finance, wealth management, retail banking, fund management, and transaction banking.
On 26 July 2011, along with its second quarter earnings report, Deutsche Bank reported
that Anshu Jain, head of investment banking and Juergen Fitschen, head of the German business,
would replace Josef Ackermann as co-CEOs starting in 2012. Fears that Deutsche Bank could
neglect its German roots and expand risk-taking activities prompted key members of the
supervisory board to opt for the dual CEO model. Deutsche Bank is listed on both the Frankfurt
(FWB) and New York stock exchanges (NYSE).
On 7 June 2015, the co-CEOs, Juergen Fitschen and Anshu Jain, both offered their resignations
to the bank's supervisory board, which resignations were accepted. Anshu Jain's resignation took
12

effect on 30 June 2015, but he provided consultancy to the bank until January 2016. Juergen
Fitschen will temporarily continue as joint CEO until 19 May 2016. The appointment of John
Cryan as joint CEO was announced, effective 1 July 2015; he will become sole CEO at the end
of Juergen Fitschen's term.
In January 2014 Deutsche Bank reported a 1.2 billion ($1.6 billion) pre-tax loss for the fourth
quarter of 2013. This came after analysts had predicted a profit of nearly 600 million, according
to FactSet estimates. Revenues slipped by 16% versus the prior year. According to the Scorpio
Partnership Global Private Banking Benchmark 2014 the company had US$384.1bn of assets
under management, an increase of 13.7% on 2013.

SERVICE QUALITY
Customer is vital for the development of trade, industry and service sector particularly in
financial services. Therefore, the significance of customer service in the banking sector came to
force to compete in a market driven environment. Measuring service quality in the service sector
particularly in the banking sector is more difficult than measuring the quality of manufactured
goods. The service sector as a whole is very heterogeneous and what is heterogeneous may hold
true for one service and may not hold for another service sector.
Each bank is having a variety of services. Due to this differentiation, services in this industry
could not be standardized, moreover these services are intangible in nature which could not be
compared or seen. The concept of customer satisfaction and service quality is interrelated with
each other. Moreover satisfaction of customer depends upon service quality and service quality is
increasingly offered as a strategy by marketers to position themselves more effectively in the
market place. Due to the advent of e-banking, quality of service has been improved a lot as
compared to traditional banking services. Internet banking, Mobile banking, automated teller
machine, electronic fund transfer has totally changed the way of providing services by the banks.

Service Focus Areas of Banking Industry

There are a variety of services like retail banking, corporate banking, investment banking,
commercial banking, personnel banking, wholesale banking, internet banking etc.
As customers become more sophisticated, therefore, it becomes essential to consider the use of
technology to respond to their continuous needs. Banking is an industry highly involved with the
customers. Customers in developing economies seems to keep the technological factors of
services as the yardstick in differentiating good & bad services and the human factor the
employees seem to play a lesser role in discriminating the quality of service for banks. The
variations in services offered by the banks develop excellence for service quality. Banking is no
13

longer regarded as business dealing with money transaction alone, but it also seem as a business
related to information on financial transaction.
Customers at the corporate level or at retail level have always been important for the banks. As
electronic banking is becoming more prevalent, level of customer satisfaction is also changing
the scenario of technological environment.
Informational technology in the form of e-banking plays a significant role in providing better
services at lower cost. Several innovative IT based services such as Automated Teller Machine
(ATM), Internet banking, Smart Cards, Credit Cards, Mobile banking, Phone banking,
Anywhere-Anytime banking have provided number of convenient services to the customer.
So as the service quality improves, the probability of customer satisfaction increases. Increase
satisfaction in turn increases the mutual understanding, customer retention and a bond of trust
between customers and banks. The banks which are providing these services on a wider scale to
customers are more reputed in the eyes of customers. But at the same time technology based
product is different in public and private sector banks. Bank automation and electronic banking
is fast in private sector comparative to public sector.
E-banking is an improvement over traditional banking system because it has reduced the cost of
transaction processing, improved the payment efficiency, financial services and also has
improved the banker-customer relationship. The relationship between e-banking and service
quality can be studied with the level of satisfaction. E-banking plays a pivotal role in giving
satisfaction to the customers because e-banking fills the gap between the expected and perceived
service quality. So in order to fill this gap, banks should find ways of making electronic services
more accessible and by allowing the customer to verify the accuracy of the e-banking
transactions.
There are number of reasons due to which customer satisfaction on account of e-banking has
improved. The reasons are as follows;
1. Customer can withdraw funds, transfer funds anytime, anywhere they want
2. Accessibility has been extended through technological development as it allows
customers to do business from their home and office.
3. It makes the banking activities and transaction very simpler to understand
4. There is no requirement of direct control with bank, as services can be operated wherever
customer wants.
5. It has reduced the waiting time of the customer;
6. Availability of employees at all times is not required as these services are provided 24
hours a day, seven days a week.
7. Internet based services has enabled the corporate and retail customers to transact from
home, office and travelling.

14

8. Online fund transfer has enabled the customer to transfer funds from one bank to another
or within the same bank at same time.
9. Communication, interaction between the bank and customer has been improved due to
e-banking.

Service Quality is a business administration term used to describe achievement in service. It

reflects both objective and subjective aspects of service. The accurate measurement of an
objective aspect of customer service requires the use of carefully predefined criteria. The
measurement of subjective aspects of customer service depends on the conformity of the
expected benefit with the perceived result. This in turn depends upon the customers imagination
of the service they might receive and the service providers talent to present this imagined
service.
Dimensions of Service Quality
A customer will have an expectation of service determined by factors such as recommendations,
personal needs and past experiences. The expectation of service and the perceived service result
may not be equal, thus leaving a gap. Ten determinants which may influence the appearance of a
gap were described by Parasuraman, Zeithaml and Berry:
Competence is the possession of the required skills and knowledge to perform the service.
Courtesy refers to factors such as politeness, respect, consideration and friendliness of the
contact personnel; consideration for the customers property and a clean and neat appearance of
contact personnel.
Credibility refers to factors such as trustworthiness, believability and honesty. It involves
having the customers best interest at heart. It may be influenced by company name, company
reputation and the personal characteristics of the contact personnel.
Security represents the customers freedom from danger, risk or doubt including physical
safety, financial security and confidentiality.
Access refers to approachability and ease of contact.
Communication mean both informing customers in a language they are able to understand and
also listening to customers. A company may need to adjust its language for the varying needs of
its customers. Information might include for example, explanation of the service and its cost, the
relationship between services and costs and assurances as to the way problems are effectively
managed. Knowing the customer means making an effort to understand the customers
individual needs, providing individual attention, recognizing the customer when they arrive and
soon.
15

Tangibles are the physical evidence of the service, for instance, the appearance of the physical
facilities, tools and equipment used to provide the service; the appearance of personnel and
communication materials and the presence of other customers in the service facility.
Reliability is the ability to perform the promised service in a dependable and accurate manner.
Responsiveness refers to the willingness of employees to help customers and to provide prompt
timely service.

LITERATURE REVIEW

1. Impact of Service Quality in Commercial Banks on the Customers Satisfaction: An

Empirical Study, October 2011.By: Dr. S. Fatima Holy Ghost; Dr. M. Edwin Gnanadhas
Service quality is important mainly in the service business enterprises. Growth and development
of the enterprise majorly depends on the service quality. As service quality is the only way to
satisfy majority customers, enterprises concentrate more on the service quality today. Quality in
service is also interrelated to other behavioral outcomes of the customers. The study understands
the various customer perceptions about the service quality factors like Assurance, Empathy,
Responsiveness, Reliability and Tangibility in the banking industry and the satisfaction level
towards the banks. It also analyses the impact of these service quality factors on the satisfaction
level based on the demographic differences.
The study collects the perceptions about the various service quality factors through purposive
sampling method and analyses the impact of the service quality factors. The data were collected
on the basis of the various demographics like, rural urban area, education standards, income
level, occupation difference, age groups etc. And finally, study concludes saying about the
existence of a close bond between the service quality factors and the customer satisfaction level.
And also it is found that the impact of the service quality factors on customer satisfaction was
varying with the demography of the customers.

2. Customer perception on Service Quality in Banking sector: with Special Reference to

Indian Private Banks in Moradabad Region, February 2012.By: Vibhor Jain, Dr Sonia
Gupta, Smrita Jain
This study was conducted to understand the perception of service quality in the banking sector
and also to evaluate how it helps in enhancing the reputation and attract customer loyalty. With
the increased competition among the private sector banks, this study would help in defining a
16

strategy to achieve the competitive edge and also satisfied customers. And hence service quality
has been used to position the banks in the tough market. The study was administered through the
private banks like ICICI, HDFC, KOTAK& INDUSIND BANKS.
The study has taken the SERVQUAL tool for measurement of the service quality offered by the
private players in the banking industry. The main assumption is Service quality is multidimensional concept and these dimensions help in measuring the service quality. The responses
were collected based on the five dimensions namely, assurance, reliability, responsiveness,
tangibility and empathy.
The study identifies that Reliability and Responsiveness are the most relevant factors for the
service quality perception and they have compared the individual scores with the average mean
value scored by the private banks under the study. The study found that among the four banks
under the study, HDFC bank has the highest quality perception in terms of the various
dimensions, though there is only one branch of this bank located in Moradabad. It is followed by
ICICI, KOTAK & INDUSIND. The study concludes with suggestions for the private banks to be
very competitive in the industry.
3. Service Quality Delivery and Its Impact on Customer Satisfaction in the Banking Sector
In Malaysia, October 2010.By: Jayaraman Munusamy, Shankar Chelliah and HorWaiMun
The study focuses on the measurement of the customer satisfaction through delivery of service
quality in banking sector in Malaysia. And it highlights the parameters in banking industry for
improvement in delivery of service quality. And also gives a snapshot of some appropriate
methods that have been used for the measurement of customer satisfaction.
The methodology followed was data collection from random respondents of the general
population. Considering the fact that different group of people from different backgrounds have
different expectation level, a large respondent population was targeted for the research. The
questionnaire was collected from 117 respondents from different backgrounds.
The study found that assurance has a positive relationship with customer satisfaction, but without
significant effect. Reliability is the timeliness and accuracy in service provided, and says
reliability does not have much impact on customer satisfaction. Tangibles include the appearance
of the company, and the study found that it has high positive correlation with customer
satisfaction. The study says that there is no much relation between empathy and satisfaction.
Responsiveness is the timely response, which the customers get from their service providers. The
study suggests that responsiveness factor is highly related to customer satisfaction.

17

RESPONSIVENES

TANGIBILIT

EMPATHY

RELIABILITY

ASSURANCE

1. Dimensions of Service Quality

In order to achieve better understanding of service quality in banking sector, the proposed five
service quality dimensions are conceptualized to illustrate the overall service quality of the
banking in relation to customers and providers perspective.
Banking was in the sector featuring medium goods and higher customer producer interactions,
since in banking, consumers and service providers interact personally and the use of goods is at a
medium level. Hence, in banking, where there are high customer-producer interactions, the
quality of service is determined to a large extent by the skills and attitudes of people producing
the service.
In the case of services, because customers are often either direct observers of the production
process or active participants, how the process is performed also has a strong influence on the
overall impression of the quality of service. A well-performed service encounter may even
overcome the negative impression caused by poor technical quality as well as generate positive
word-of-mouth, particularly if customers can see that employees have worked very hard to
satisfy them in the face of problems outside their control.
Employees are part of the process, which connects with the customer at the point of sale, and
hence employees remain the key to success at these service encounters or moments of truth. It
is these encounters with customers during a service that are the most important determinants of
overall customer satisfaction, and a customers experience with the service will be defined by the
brief experience with the firms personnel and the firms systems. The rudeness of the banks
customer service representative, the abruptness of the employee at the teller counter, or the lack
of interest of the person at the check deposit counter can alter ones overall attitude towards the
service, perhaps even reversing the impression caused by high technical quality.

18

Another important service quality factor, competence, is defined by whether the bank performs
the service right the first time, whether the employees of the bank tell customers exactly when
services will be performed, whether the bank lives up to its promises, whether customers feel
safe in their transactions with the bank and whether the employees show a sincere interest in
solving the customers problems. In short, this dimension is related to the banks ability to
perform the promised service accurately and dependably. Performing the service dependably and
accurately is the heart of service marketing excellence. When a company performs a service
carelessly, when it makes avoidable mistakes, and when it fails to deliver on promises made to
attract customers, it shakes customers confidence in its capabilities and undermines its chances
of earning a reputation for service excellence.
It is very important to do the service right the first time. In case a service problem does crop up,
by resolving the problem to the customers satisfaction, the company can significantly improve
customer retention. However, companies fare best when they prevent service problems
altogether and fare worst when service problems occur and the company either ignores them or
does not resolve them to the customers satisfaction.
Performing the service accurately is perhaps the most important factor in service quality
excellence. The cost of performing the service inaccurately includes not only the cost of redoing
the service but also the cost associated with negative word-of-mouth generated by displeased
customers. In case of services, the factory is the field. Again, services are intangible and hence
the criteria for flawless services are more subjective than the criteria for defect-free tangible
goods. Hence for most services, customers perceptions of whether the service has been
performed correctly, and not provider-established criteria, are the major determinants of
reliability.
The service quality factor tangible is defined by whether the physical facilities and materials
associated with the service are visually appealing at the bank. These are all factors that customers
notice before or upon entering the bank. Such visual factors help consumers form their initial
impressions. A crucial challenge in service marketing is that customers cannot see a service but
can see the various tangibles associated with it - all these tangibles, the service facilities,
equipment and communication materials are clues about the intangible service. If unmanaged,
these clues can send to the customers wrong messages about the service and render ineffective
the marketing strategy of the company. On the other hand, improving quality through tangibles
means attention to the smallest details that competitors might consider trivial. Yet, these visible
details can add up for customers and signal a message of caring and competence.
Customers may reveal new aspects of service quality in banking that are important to them, and
these would have to be incorporated in the scale so as to further explore the concept of service
quality in the banking arena.

19

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
As service quality reflects the way the banks are performing, this study attempts to explore the
perception of customers in respect to the services provided by the banks. The entry of private and
foreign banks, the nature of functioning of these banks and the promotional attempts of these
banks has changed the landscape of the Banking sector in India. In respect to customer services
there are notable perceived differences. Hence this study on customer service quality of Indian
banks looks for bringing out the differences between perceptions of customers of these banks.
This study is descriptive and analytical in nature.
Research objective: To Study of perception about service quality offered by bank.
To know in which service quality dimension the bank is performing well and in which
dimension it needs improvement.
Research Design: Type Of Research : Exploratory Research
Conclusive Research
A. Method for conducting Exploratory Research :Primary Data:
The primary data was collected by means of a survey. Questionnaires were prepared and
customers of the banks at two branches were approached to fill up the questionnaires. The
questionnaire contains 20 questions which reflect on the type and quality of services provided by
the banks to the customers. The response of the customer and the is recorded on a grade scale of
strongly disagree, disagree, uncertain, agree and strongly agree for each question. The filled up
information was later analyzed to obtain the required interpretation and the findings.
Secondary Data:
In order to have a proper understanding of the service quality of bank a depth study was done
from the various sources such as books, a lot of data is also collected from the official websites
of the banks and the articles from various search engines like Google, yahoo search and
answers.com.
Qualitative Research: Direct Method
In-Depth Interview

20

B. Method for conduction conclusive research:(I) Descriptive Research

Cross Sectional
Single Cross Sectional
(II) Method for conducting: Survey
Target population: All customers of Deutsche Bank AG
(III) Sampling Element
Customers of Deutsche Bank AG
(IV) Sample size:
Since the population is large the survey has been carried among a sample of 100
customers of Deutsche Bank AG.
(V) Sampling method:
Convenience method
C. Data Analysis Technique:

One sample t-test

Descriptive research
Anova
Data Collection Tool:- Questionnaire

21

Data Analysis and Interpretation

1) What is your gender?

Gender
Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

53

53.0

53.0

53.0

Valid female

47

47.0

47.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

male

Interpretation
Out of 100 samples, which male respondents are 53% and female are 47%.

22

2) What age group do you belong to

Age
Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

16-25

39

39.0

39.0

39.0

26-35

28

28.0

28.0

67.0

Valid 36-45

22

22.0

22.0

89.0

above 45

11

11.0

11.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

23

Interpretation:

39% respondents age are 16 to 25 years.

28% respondents age are 26 to 35 years.
22% respondents age are 36 to 45 years..
11% respondents age are above 45 years.

3) What is the highest degree or level of education you have completed?

Education

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

high school

19

19.0

19.0

19.0

graduate

47

47.0

47.0

66.0

post
graduate

25

25.0

25.0

91.0

other

9.0

9.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

24

Interpretation:From the table above it can be seen that. 19% respondents are high school ,
47% respondents are Graduate,
25% respondents are Post graduate,
9% respondents are other.

25

4) What is your occupation?

Occupation
Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

student

26

26.0

26.0

26.0

business

23

23.0

23.0

49.0

private job

23

23.0

23.0

72.0

govt. job

16

16.0

16.0

88.0

other

12

12.0

12.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Valid

26

Interpretation: Out of 100 samples 26% respondents were from student, 23% respondents were from
business, 23% respondents were from self-private job, 16% respondents were from Govt
job, 12% respondents were from other

5) What is your yearly income?

Income
Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

<2 lakh

21

21.0

21.0

21.0

2.1 to 5 lakh

18

18.0

18.0

39.0

5.1 to 10 lakh

21

21.0

21.0

60.0

above 10.1 lakh

12

12.0

12.0

72.0

not applicable

28

28.0

28.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Valid

27

Interpretation:

Out of 100 samples 21% respondents are having a <2 lakh yearly income,
18% respondents are having 2.1 to 5 lakh,
21% respondents are having 5.1 to 10 lakh,
12% respondents are having above 10.1 lakh,
28% respondents are not applicable.

28

Descriptive statistics for service quality variable.

Descriptive Statistics
N

Minimum Maximum

Mean

Std. Deviation

modern_looking_equipment

100

1.00

5.00

3.2000

.84087

physical_features_appealing

100

1.00

5.00

3.0000

1.00504

employee_neat_appearing

100

1.00

5.00

2.9200

1.03162

materials_appealing

100

1.00

5.00

3.2700

.98324

certain_time

100

1.00

5.00

2.6800

1.04330

solving_problem

100

1.00

5.00

3.0200

1.08227

service_right_first_time

100

1.00

5.00

3.0600

1.06192

error_free_records

100

1.00

5.00

3.1000

1.13262

exactly_service_performed

100

1.00

33.00

3.3200

3.19052

prompt_service

100

1.00

5.00

3.2800

1.10170

always_helping

100

1.00

5.00

2.9400

1.19612

prompt_repond

100

1.00

5.00

2.9800

1.13689

trust_worthy

100

1.00

5.00

2.9900

1.16771

behaviour_of_employee

100

1.00

5.00

2.9700

1.28279

safe_transaction

100

1.00

5.00

3.2300

1.08110

knowledge_to_your_question

100

1.00

5.00

3.1200

1.22499

individual_attention

100

1.00

5.00

3.0600

1.26985

operating_hour_to_customers

100

1.00

5.00

2.9000

1.09637

best_intrest_at_heart

100

1.00

5.00

2.8600

1.16359

understand_specific_needs

100

1.00

5.00

2.8800

1.19155

Valid N (listwise)

100

29

One-Sample Statistics
N

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

modern_looking_equipment

100

3.2000

.84087

.08409

physical_features_appealing

100

3.0000

1.00504

.10050

employee_neat_appearing

100

2.9200

1.03162

.10316

materials_appealing

100

3.2700

.98324

.09832

certain_time

100

2.6800

1.04330

.10433

solving_problem

100

3.0200

1.08227

.10823

service_right_first_time

100

3.0600

1.06192

.10619

error_free_records

100

3.1000

1.13262

.11326

exactly_service_performed

100

3.3200

3.19052

.31905

prompt_service

100

3.2800

1.10170

.11017

always_helping

100

2.9400

1.19612

.11961

prompt_repond

100

2.9800

1.13689

.11369

trust_worthy

100

2.9900

1.16771

.11677

behaviour_of_employee

100

2.9700

1.28279

.12828

safe_transaction

100

3.2300

1.08110

.10811

knowledge_to_your_question

100

3.1200

1.22499

.12250

individual_attention

100

3.0600

1.26985

.12699

operating_hour_to_customers

100

2.9000

1.09637

.10964

best_intrest_at_heart

100

2.8600

1.16359

.11636

understand_specific_needs

100

2.8800

1.19155

.11916

30

One-Sample Test
Test Value = 3
T

df

Sig.

Mean
Differenc
(2-tailed)
e

95% Confidence Interval of the

Difference
Lower

Upper

modern_looking_equipment

2.378

99

.019

.20000

.0332

.3668

physical_features_appealing

.000

99

1.000

.00000

-.1994

.1994

employee_neat_appearing

-.775

99

.440

-.08000

-.2847

.1247

materials_appealing

2.746

99

.007

.27000

.0749

.4651

certain_time

-3.067

99

.003

-.32000

-.5270

-.1130

solving_problem

.185

99

.854

.02000

-.1947

.2347

service_right_first_time

.565

99

.573

.06000

-.1507

.2707

error_free_records

.883

99

.379

.10000

-.1247

.3247

exactly_service_performed

1.003

99

.318

.32000

-.3131

.9531

prompt_service

2.542

99

.013

.28000

.0614

.4986

always_helping

-.502

99

.617

-.06000

-.2973

.1773

prompt_repond

-.176

99

.861

-.02000

-.2456

.2056

trust_worthy

-.086

99

.932

-.01000

-.2417

.2217

behaviour_of_employee

-.234

99

.816

-.03000

-.2845

.2245

safe_transaction

2.127

99

.036

.23000

.0155

.4445

knowledge_to_your_question

.980

99

.330

.12000

-.1231

.3631

individual_attention

.472

99

.638

.06000

-.1920

.3120

operating_hour_to_customers

-.912

99

.364

-.10000

-.3175

.1175

best_intrest_at_heart

-1.203

99

.232

-.14000

-.3709

.0909

understand_specific_needs

-1.007

99

.316

-.12000

-.3564

.1164

31

Interpretation: As shown in table, the significance level for modern equipment is less than .05. Thus, the
mean score of perception for modern equipment is significantly greater than 3. And
customer perception for this variable is good.
As shown in table, the significance level for physical features appealing is greater than
.05. Thus, the mean score of perception for physical features appealing is significantly 3.
And customer perception for this variable.
As shown in table, the significance level for physical features appealing is greater than
.05. Thus, the mean score of perception for physical features appealing is significantly
less than 3. And customer perception for this variable is not so good.
As shown in table, the significance level for materials appealing is less than .05. Thus,
the mean score of perception for materials appealing is significantly greater than 3. And
customer perception for this variable is good.
As shown in table, the significance level for certain time is less than .05. Thus, the mean
score of perception for certain time is significantly less than 3. And customer perception
for this variable is not so good.
As shown in table, the significance level for solving problem is greater than .05. Thus,
the mean score of perception for solving problem is significantly greater than 3. And
customer perception for this variable is good. As shown in table, the significance level for
service right first time is greater than .05. Thus, the mean score of perception for service
right first time is significantly greater than 3. And customer perception for this variable is
good.
As shown in table, the significance level for error free records is greater than .05. Thus,
the mean score of perception for error free records is significantly greater than 3. And
customer perception for this variable is good.
As shown in table, the significance level for exactly service performed is greater than .05.
Thus, the mean score of perception for exactly service performed is significantly greater
than 3. And customer perception for this variable is good.
As shown in table, the significance level for prompt service is less than .05. Thus, the
mean score of perception for prompt service is significantly greater than 3. And customer
perception for this variable is good.
32

 As shown in table, the significance level for always helping is greater than .05. Thus, the
mean score of perception for always helping is significantly less than 3. And customer
perception for this variable is not so good.
As shown in table, the significance level for prompt respond is greater than .05. Thus, the
mean score of perception for prompt respond is significantly less than 3. And customer
perception for this variable is not so good.
As shown in table, the significance level for trust worthy is greater than .05. Thus, the
mean score of perception for trust worthy is significantly less than 3. And customer
perception for this variable is not so good.
As shown in table, the significance level for behaviour of employee is greater than .05.
Thus, the mean score of perception for behaviour of employee is significantly less than 3.
And customer perception for this variable is not so good.
As shown in table, the significance level for safe transaction is less than .05. Thus, the
mean score of perception for safe transaction is significantly greater than 3. And
customer perception for this variable is good
As shown in table, the significance level for knowledge to your question is greater than
.05. Thus, the mean score of perception for knowledge to your question is significantly
greater than 3. And customer perception for this variable is good
As shown in table, the significance level for individual attention is greater than .05. Thus,
the mean score of perception for individual attention is significantly greater than 3. And
customer perception for this variable is good.
As shown in table, the significance level for operating hour to customers is greater than
.05. Thus, the mean score of perception for operating hour to customers is significantly
less than 3. And customer perception for this variable is not so good
As shown in table, the significance level for best interest at heart is greater than .05.
Thus, the mean score of perception for best interest at heart is significantly less than 3.
And customer perception for this variable is not so good
As shown in table, the significance level for understand specific needs is greater than .05.
Thus, the mean score of perception for understand specific needs is significantly less than
3. And customer perception for this variable is not so good

33

ANOVA:
To study the impact of demographic variables on service quality dimension.
Age:ANOVA

Tangible

Reliability

responsiveness

assurance

Empathy

Sum of
Squares

df

Mean
Square

Sig.

Between
Groups

1.117

.372

1.375

.255

Within Groups

25.995

96

.271

Total

27.112

99

Between
Groups

1.310

.437

1.535

.211

Within Groups

27.317

96

.285

Total

28.628

99

Between
Groups

.436

.145

.116

.950

Within Groups

120.124

96

1.251

Total

120.560

99

Between
Groups

1.257

.419

.897

.446

Within Groups

44.830

96

.467

Total

46.087

99

Between
Groups

.347

.116

.292

.831

Within Groups

38.090

96

.397

Total

38.438

99

34

H0= There is no difference in perception towards service quality dimensions between different
age groups
H1= There is difference in perception towards service quality dimensions between different age
groups
As shown in above table significance value for 5 dimensions, empathy and tangible reliability
assurance and empathy is greater than 0.05 so null hypothesis is accepted, and there is no
significant difference in perception towards these dimensions between different age groups.
Education:ANOVA

Tangible

Reliability

Sum of
Squares

df

Mean Square

Sig.

Between Groups

3.350

1.117

4.511

.005

Within Groups

23.762

96

.248

Total

27.112

99

Between Groups

1.012

.337

1.173

.324

Within Groups

27.616

96

.288

Total

28.628

99

Between Groups

1.087

.362

.291

.832

119.473

96

1.245

Total

120.560

99

Between Groups

2.000

.667

1.452

.233

Within Groups

44.087

96

.459

Total

46.087

99

Between Groups

3.086

1.029

2.793

.044

Within Groups

35.352

96

.368

Total

38.438

99

responsiveness Within Groups

assurance

Empathy

35

H0= There is no difference in perception towards service quality dimensions between different
education groups.
H1= There is difference in perception towards service quality dimensions between different
education groups
As shown in above table significance value for 2 dimensions, empathy and tangible is less
than 0.05 so alternative hypothesis is accepted, and there is significant difference in perception
towards these dimensions between different education group
Occupation:ANOVA

Tangible

Reliability

Sum of
Squares

df

Mean Square

Sig.

Between Groups

5.667

1.417

6.276

.000

Within Groups

21.445

95

.226

Total

27.112

99

Between Groups

2.964

.741

2.743

.033

Within Groups

25.664

95

.270

Total

28.628

99

Between Groups

3.820

.955

.777

.543

116.740

95

1.229

Total

120.560

99

Between Groups

2.795

.699

1.533

.199

Within Groups

43.292

95

.456

Total

46.087

99

Between Groups

.465

.116

.291

.883

Within Groups

37.972

95

.400

Total

38.438

99

Responsiveness Within Groups

Assurance

Empathy

36

H0= There is no difference in perception towards service quality dimensions between different
occupation groups.
H1= There is difference in perception towards service quality dimensions between different
occupation groups
As shown in above table significance value for 2 dimensions reliability and tangible is less than
0.05 so alternative hypothesis is accepted, there is significant difference in perception towards
these dimensions between different occupation groups.
INCOME:ANOVA

Tangible

Reliability

Sum of
Squares

Df

Mean Square

Sig.

Between Groups

.882

.221

.799

.529

Within Groups

26.229

95

.276

Total

27.112

99

Between Groups

1.908

.477

1.696

.157

Within Groups

26.719

95

.281

Total

28.628

99

Between Groups

8.207

2.052

1.735

.149

112.353

95

1.183

Total

120.560

99

Between Groups

.515

.129

.268

.898

Within Groups

45.572

95

.480

Total

46.087

99

Between Groups

1.402

.350

.899

.468

Within Groups

37.036

95

.390

Total

38.438

99

Responsiveness Within Groups

Assurance

Empathy

37

H0= There is no difference in perception towards service quality dimensions between different
income groups.
H1= There is difference in perception towards service quality dimensions between different
income groups

As shown in above table significance value for 5 dimensions, empathy and tangible reliability
assurance and empathy is greater than 0.05 so null hypothesis is accepted there is significant
difference in perception towards these dimensions between different income groups
.

FINDINGS
The aim of this study was to investigate factors that affect quality of customers service in
banking industry. From the findings the following was established. On gender analysis, most of
the respondents were male representing a total of 57% and female 43%.
The age level of majority of the respondents who are having an account in Deutsche bank AG
bank fall under the age level 16 to 25 year.
The income level of majority of the respondents who are having an account in deutsche bank
AG bank fall under the monthly income level < 2 lakh and 5.1 to 10 lakh. Some of the
respondents choose the Deutsche bank AG because the bank is providing more good facility to
the customers.
From the anova on age analysis, of significant level is greater than 0.05 so that there is no
significant impact of education on empathy and tangibles, reliability, assurance and empathy. On
education Analysis, 2 dimension empathy and tangible value is less than 0.05 , there is
significant impact of 2 dimension.
On occupation analysis dimension tangible and reliability value is less than 0.05 there is
significant impact of 2 dimensions. On income analysis, that the value of significant level is
greater than 0.05 there is no significant impact of education on empathy and tangibles, reliability,
assurance and empathy.

38

CONCLUSION
Service quality has defined as the difference between customer expectations of a service and
his/her perception of the service performance. When expectations are not met, customers are
dissatisfied with service quality.
When expectations match perception, the customer is satisfied with the quality of the service.
From the preceding discussion it is clear that the banks in the post-liberalised phase of the Indian
economy have, to a large extent, matched the graph of customer perceptions and expectations
from each of the two.
Further, as the study shows, quality parameters such as responsiveness, reliability, tangibles,
assurance and empathy greatly structure customers' expectations and perceptions of banking
sector service quality. They found that the elements that were considered important were
reliability, assurance, empathy and responsiveness.
The purpose of my study is customer perception towards bank service quality in deutsche bank
AG. In my project I used research design was exploratory and Conclusive Research Design type
was Descriptive Research.
In descriptive research I used single cross section design .in my research I used convenience
sampling design. I used structure Questionnaire with 5 point likerd scale, primary date collected
from 100 respondents by personal meeting with the help of questioners, secondary data:
secondary data are collected from the website , news paper and previous research paper.
On gender analysis, most of the respondents were male representing a total of 57% , I used
analysis technique like discriptive,frequency distribution, one way anova in my research.

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2)

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3)

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4)

MALIKA RANI (2012) a study on the customer perception towards e-banking in

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YAP SHEAU FEN et al.(2000) service quality and customer satisfaction: antecedents of
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40

QUESTIONNAIRE

1)

What is your name?

.

2) What is your gender?

[ ] Male

[ ] Female

3) What age group do you belong to?

[ ] 16-25
[ ] 36-45

[ ] 26-35
[ ] Above 45

4) What is the highest degree or level of education you have completed?

[ ] High school
[ ] Post graduate

[ ] Graduate
[ ] other

5) What is your occupation?

[ ] Student
[ ] Private Job.
[ ] other

[ ] business
[ ] Govt. Job

6) What is your yearly income?

[ ] < 2 Lakh
[ ] 5.1 to 10 Lakh
[ ] not applicable

[ ] 2.1 to 5 Lakh
[ ] Above 10.1 Lakh

7) Following are the factors that you might have considered while service quality in central
bank of India. Please rate the factors that you had considered on the scale below. Below
number 1 is strongly disagree, 2 is disagree, 3 is neutral, 4 is agree and 5 is strongly agree

41

QUESTIONS

Strongly
Disagree

Disagree

Neither
agree
Nor
disagree

Agree

Strongly
Agree

1.CENTRAL bank has modern looking

Equipment.
2. The bank's physical features are visually
appealing
3. The bank's reception desk employees are
Neat appearing.
4. Materials associated with the service (such
as pamphlets or statements) are visually
appealing at the bank.
5. When the bank promises to do something
by a certain time, it does so.
6. When you have a problem, the bank
shows a sincere interest in solving it.
7. The bank performs the service right the
first time.
8. The bank insists on error free records.
9. Employees in the bank tell you exactly
when the services will be performed.
10. Employees in the bank give you prompt
service.
11. Employees in the bank are always
willing to help you.
12. Employees in the bank are never too
busy to respond to your request.
13. The employees of the bank are
Trust worthy.
14. The behavior of employees in the bank
Instills confidence in you.

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15. You feel safe in your transactions with

the bank.
16. Employees in the bank have the
knowledge to answer your questions.
17. The bank gives you individual attention.
18. The bank has operating hours convenient
to all its customers
19. The bank has your best interests at heart.
20. The employees of the bank understand
your specific needs.

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