NEO PI Summary
NEO PI Summary
NEO PI Summary
1. Purpose
2. Recommendation
s for use
3. Intended
population
Urbina, 1997).
This instrument has also been studied for use in a
computerized adaptive test (CAT) procedures in
administering the Revised NEO PI-R (Reise & Henson,
2000).
The test was developed by Paul T. Costa, Jr. and Robert R. McCrae
for use with adult (17+) men and women without overt
psychopathology.
The scales of the NEO PI-R were developed for normal personality
traits, the instrument has been used in clinical, research and other
applied settings (Anastasi & Urbina, 1997). For example
The NEO Personality Inventory was originally designed for use by
adults. Recent studies (Costa & McCrae, 1992a) have shown that
the Revised NEOPI can be used in samples as young as 10 but that
some younger respondents have difficulty understanding certain
items (McCrae & Martin, 2005).
It has also been used in adolescents and adults ages 14-20-years old
(McCrae, Costa & Martin, 2005) and for adults ages 21 to 91-yearsold (McCrae, Martin & Costa, 2005).
The NEO PI-3 was successfully used with 12-13 year-old boys and
girls (Costa, McCrae & Martin, 2008).
They appeared to work well in both adolescent and adult samples,
and adequately in a middle school-age sample (McCrae, & Costa,
2007).
The NEO PI-R has also been used to identify personality
characteristics of high-performing entry-level police officers
(Detrick & Chibnall, 2006).
The NEO-FFI was used reliably to measure premorbid personality in
patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (Archer, Brown, Boothby,
Foy, Nicholas & Lovestone, 2006).
The Revised NEO Personality Inventory was also used in an
outpatient drug rehabilitation context (Piedmont & Ciarrocchi,
1999).
NEO-PI has also been used to measure the social adjustment of
patients with borderline personality disorder (Clarkin, Hull, Cantor
and Sanderson, 1993)
Furthermore, Hyer, Braswell, Albrecht and Boyd, 1994) evaluated 80
Vietnam veterans with PTSD. They have found that the NEO-PI
domains and facets correlated in expected ways with the MCMI-II.
Neuroticism (N) and facets of N seemed to represent
4. Psychometric
principles
The NEO PI-R contains 240 items that clients answer on a (1)
strongly disagree to (5) strongly agree Likert-type scale and they are
balanced to control for the effects of acquiescence. The items are
simple sentences describing specific behaviors and attitudes. The
NEO PI-R measures five major domains of personality and within
each domain there are six facet scales that are designed to assess
more specific aspects of each domain (Piedmont, 1998, p. 35).
measure the Five Factor Model (FFM): Extraversion, Agreeableness,
Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience. It also
includes three additional items that check validity. The items assess
emotional, interpersonal, experiential, attitudinal, and motivational
variables. Additionally, the test measures six subordinate
dimensions, known as facets or traits of each of the FFM personality
factors (Gregory, 2004).
Facet
Neuroticism
Anxiety
Angry Hostility
Depression
Self-Consciousness
Impulsiveness
Vulnerability
Extraversion
Warmth
Gregariousness
Assertiveness
Activity
Excitement Seeking
Positive Emotions
Openness to
Experience
Fantasy
Aesthetics
Feelings
Actions
Ideas
Values
Agreeableness
Trust
Straightforwardness
Altruism
Compliance
Modesty
Tender-Mindedness
The internal
consistency of the
scale is .86 to .96
for the domain
scales, and .56 to .
90 for the facet
scales. Stability
coefficients range
from .51 to .83 in
three-to-seven-year
longitudinal studies
(Gregory, 2004).
5. Norm group
Competence
The NEO PI-3 has Achievement
been shown toStriving
confirm cross-sectional findings
Conscientiousness Order and continues to show
Self-Discipline
how important it is to study the age changes
Dutifulness
Deliberation
in personality during the twenties (McCrae, Martin, & Costa, 2005).
6. Strengths
7. Weaknesses and
considerations
8. Administration
and scoring
9. Interpreting
scores
10. Cultural
relevance
Two possible report options result from the NEO PI-R, the NEO
professional development report for individual planning and the
NEO professional development for management planning. They
report on the individual's strength and limitations in four major
areas, namely:
o Problem-solving skills (organize thought, solve
problems, make decisions)
o Planning, organizing and implementation skills (action
oriented, conscientiousness, openness to new ideas,
leadership behavior)
o Style of relating to others (accommodation, openness,
ability to trust), and
o Personality style (primary values and approach to life,
temperament, degree of emotional self-control)
These reports give a summary of the individual's most distinctive
characteristics and consequences of the work setting and life in
general.
See Separate Handout (Sample NEO-PI-R Report.pdf)
Numerous researchers have shown that the dimensions of the NEO
PI-R generalize quite well to a number of different cultures,
including European, Italian, German, Finnish and Polish, Spanish,
Indian, Asian, Japanese, Chinese, Korean, and Filipino. The fivefactor model is recoverable in languages that do not share a common
derivational or experiential history with English. The domains
operation maturationally in similar ways across cultures (Piedmont,
1998, p. 73).
The NEO PI-R appears to be relevant to many cultures. It has been
replicated in African American older adults living in the United
States (Savla, Davey, Costa, & Whitfield, 2007). It was also used
across various age, education level and sex of polish adults
(Mikoajczyk, Zitek, Samochowiec, & Samochowiec, 2008). In
addition, the instrument has been found to be relevent in Argentina,
Australia, Chile, China, Croatia, Chech Republic Estonia, France,
Hong Kong, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Puerto
Rico, Russia, Serbia, Slovak Republic, South Korea, Thailand,
Turkey, Uganda and the United States (De Fruyt, De Bolle, McCrae,
Terracciano and Costa, 2009). We should take note, however, that
not all studies of the NEO PI-R have shown significant comparison,
particularly with Hmong Americans (Moua, 2007).
11. Overall
impression of the
instrument
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Archer, N., Brown, R., Boothby, H., Foy, C., Nicholas, H., & Lovestone, S. (2006). The NEOFFI is a reliable measure of premorbid personality in patients with probable Alzheimer's
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Clarkin, J., Hull, J., Cantor, J., & Sanderson, C. (1993). Borderline personality disorder and
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Gregory, R. J. (2004). Psychological Testing (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education Group,
Inc.
Hyer, L., Braswell, L., Albrecht, B., & Boyd, S. (1994). Relationship of NEO-PI to personality
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McCrae, R., Martin, T., & Costa, P. (2005). Age Trends and Age Norms for the NEO Personality
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model of personality. Dissertation abstracts international: Section b: The sciences and
engineering, 67(8-B), 4750.
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applications. New York, N.Y.: Plenum Press.
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Inventory in an outpatient, drug rehabilitation context. Psychology of Addictive
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Savla, J., Davey, A., Costa, P. T., & Whitfield, K. E. (2007). Replicating the NEO-PI-R factor
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