Biology 1st PU

QUESTION BANK
UNIT 1: DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD
CHAPTER 1: THE LIVING THINGS
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What is habitat?
Define Biodiversity.
What is population?
What is community?
What is living?
What is metabolism?
Mention any two significance of cell division.
Define growth.
What is reproduction?
Mention the type of reproduction in Amoeba.
Name the structural and functional unit of an organsism.
What is binomial nomenclature?
Who introduced the binomial nomenclature?
Name the basic unit of classification.
What is Taxonomy?
What is Taxon?
What is Taxonomic category?
What is Taxonomic hierarchy?
Define species.
Define genus.
Define family.
Define order.
Define class.
Define phylum.
Define division.
Define kingdom.
What are zoos?

UNIT 1: DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD

CHAPTER 1: THE LIVING THINGS
Answer for one mark questions
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The place in which living organisms grow is called habitat.

The variety observed in living organisms, their habitat and ecosystems.
Total number of individuals of a species in a particular place is called population.
Different population in a particular habitat.
It is the condition of the organisms which is characterized by metabolisms, has the ability to self-replicate,
self-organize and interact is called living.
The sum total of all the chemical reactions occurring in our body is metabolism.
Living organisms grow by cell division. In unicellular organisms it leads to reproduction. Cell division helps
to replace the lost cell in the tissues.
Growth in living organisms is from inside, accompanied by increase in cell number, body length and body
mass.
Production of progeny possessing features of parents by living organisms.
Cell division or Fission.
Growth and reproduction takes place by cell division.
Cell is the structural and functional unit of body of an organism.
Naming of living organisms by the same name throughout the world is called nomenclature and practice
of calling one organism by two name,
Carolus Linnaeus.
Species is the basic unit of classification.
Characteristics, identification, classification and nomenclature is called Taxonomy.
Classification unit in Linnaean hierarchy is called Taxon.
Each step or rank in hierarchy is called Taxonomic category.
All successive taxonomic categories are Taxonomic hierarchy.
Group of individual organisms with fundamental similarities capable of breeding among themselves is
called species.
Genes comprises a group of related species.
Family is a group of related genera.
Group of closely related orders.
Group of closely related classes.
Phylum is the higher category to class consists of different classes with few similar characters. In animals
closely related classes from phylum.
Division is the higher category consists of different phylum with few similar characters. In plant closely
related phylum form division.
Kingdom is the highest category in hierarchy. Animal kingdom comprises all animal phyla.
These are the places where wild animals are kept in a protected environment.

Chapter 1
LIVING WORLD
Questions carrying two marks
1. Mention any four characters of living organisms.
2. How do the plants and animals differ in growth pattern?
3. Mention the animal in which the following type of asexual reproduction is seen
(i)Spore reproduction
(ii)Budding
(iii)Regeneration
(iv)Fragmentation
4. Mention any four environmental stimuli to which organisms respond.
5. Expand the following (i) ICBN (ii) ICZN
6. What is Binomial nomenclature? Give scientific name of mango.
7. Write the universal rules of Binomial nomenclature.
8. Write Taxonomic categories (Linnaean hierarchy) showing hierarchical arrangement in
ascending order.
9. Write Linnaean hierarchy for (a)Man (b)Potato (c)Lion (d)Tiger (e)Wheat (f)Housefly
10. Mention any four Taxonomical aids which helps in preserving the specimens.
11. What is Herbarium? How Herbarium helps in preserving plant specimens.
12. What Is Botanical garden? Give example.
13. What is Botanical Museum? How does it help in Taxonomic studies?
14. What is Key? Mention different types?
15. How are keys are useful in studying Taxonomy?

Answers for questions carrying two marks

1.

The living organisms are characterized by the following features :

a. Growth.
b. Reproduction.
c. Metabolism.
d. Cellular organization.

2.

In plants - growth occurs by cell division, continuously throughout their life. In animals growth is seen only up
to certain age.

3.

Different types of organisms and reproductions are :

Types of asexual reproduction
Spore production
Budding
Regeneration
Fragmentation

Organisms
Fungi
Hydra, Yeast
Planaria
algae and mosses

4.

External factors like light, temperature, water, pollutants.

5.

Expansions are :
ICBN - International Code for Botanical Nomenclature.
ICZN - International Code for Zoological Nomenclature.

6.

Universally accepted method of naming organisms by scientific name. It has two components - Generic and
Specific name.
Ex. Mango Mangiferaindica.
Generic name - Mangifera.
Specific name - indica.

7.

Universal rules of nomenclature are as follows:

a. Biological names are generally in latin and written in itialics.
b. The first word in biological name represents the genus. The second component denotes the specific
epithet.
c. Both the words in a biological name, when hand written areseperately underlined, or printed in italics
to indicate their latin origin.
d. The first word denoting genus starts with a capital letter while the specific epithet starts with a small
letter.
Ex. MangoMangiferaindica.

8.

Hierarchical arrangement in ascending order :

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species.
9.

Organisms with their taxonomic categories :

Common
Name

Biological
Name

Genus

Family

Order

Class

Phylum

Man
Housefly
Lion
Tiger

Homo sapiens
Muscadomestica
Pantheraleo
Pantheratigris

Homo
Musca
Panthera
Panthera

Homonidae
Muscidae

Primata
Diptera

Mammalia
Insecta
Mammalia
Mammalia

Chordata
Arthropoda
Chordata
Chordata

Common
Name

Biological
Name

Genus

Family

Order

Class

Division

Mango

Mangiferaindica
Triticum
aestivum

Mangifera
Triticum

Anacardiaceae

Sapindales

Dicotyledonae

Angiospermae

Poaceae

Poales

Monocotyledonae

Angiospermae

Wheat

10. Four taxonomical aids are

a. Herbarium.
b. Botanical gardens.
c. Museum.
d. Zoological parks.
11. Herbarium is a store house of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed, and preserved on sheets.
a) Herbarium sheets are arranged according to a universally accepted system of classification.
b) These specimens along with their description on herbarium sheets become a store house.

c)

The herbarium sheets also carry a label providing information about date and place of collection, English,
local, and botanical names. Family and collectors name.
d) Herbaria serve as quick referral system in taxonomical studies.
12. These are specialised gardens have collections of living plants for reference. Plant species in botanical gardens
are grown for identification purposes and each plant is labelled by indicating its botanical name and family.
Example:
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ii.
iii.
iv.

Kew[England]
Indian botanical garden Howrah[India]
National Botanical Research Institute Lucknow [India]
Lalbagh botanical garden Bangalore[India].

13. Biological museums are generally set up in educational institutes such as schools and colleges .Museums
have collections of preserved plants and animal specimens for study and reference.
a) Specimens are preserved in the container or jars in a preservative solution.
b) Plant and animal specimens may also be preserved as dry specimens.
c) Insects are preserved in insect boxes, after collecting, killing and pinning.
d) Larger animals like birds and mammals are usually stuffed preserved.
e) Museums often have collection of skeletons of animals too.
14. Keys are type of taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and animals based on the similarities and
dissimilarities.
a) Keys are based on the contrasting characters generally in a pair.
b) It represents choice made between two opposite options this results in acceptance of only one specimen
and rejection of the other.
c) Each statement in the key is called a lead.
d) Separate taxonomic keys are required for each taxonomic category such as family, genus, species for
identification purpose.
e) Keys are analytical in nature:
Different types of keys are:
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ii.
iii.
iv.

Flora
Manuals
Monographs
Catalogues

15. Keys are helpful in studying in taxonomy as :

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b.
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d.
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Keys help in correct identification and knowing the habitats of plants

Keys are Index to the plant species in a given area.
Flora provides information about distribution of plants in a given area.
Manuals are useful in providing information for identification of names of species found in an area.
Monographs contain information on any one taxon.