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    Saibaba - Judgment

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    This document is a 3 year, 2 day court judgment from the Court of Sessions Judge in Gadchiroli District, India regarding 6 individuals accused of unlawful activities under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act and criminal conspiracy under the Indian Penal Code. The prosecution alleges the accused were members of banned terrorist organizations and possessed materials promoting terrorism. After an investigation and evidence collection, the court found the accused guilty of the charges and delivered its judgment on March 7, 2017.

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    Saibaba - Judgment

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    NewsBharati
    1K views827 pages
    This document is a 3 year, 2 day court judgment from the Court of Sessions Judge in Gadchiroli District, India regarding 6 individuals accused of unlawful activities under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act and criminal conspiracy under the Indian Penal Code. The prosecution alleges the accused were members of banned terrorist organizations and possessed materials promoting terrorism. After an investigation and evidence collection, the court found the accused guilty of the charges and delivered its judgment on March 7, 2017.

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    SAIBABA

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    This document is a 3 year, 2 day court judgment from the Court of Sessions Judge in Gadchiroli District, India regarding 6 individuals accused of unlawful activities under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act and criminal conspiracy under the Indian Penal Code. The prosecution alleges the accused were members of banned terrorist organizations and possessed materials promoting terrorism. After an investigation and evidence collection, the court found the accused guilty of the charges and delivered its judgment on March 7, 2017.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views827 pages

    Saibaba - Judgment

    Uploaded by

    NewsBharati
    This document is a 3 year, 2 day court judgment from the Court of Sessions Judge in Gadchiroli District, India regarding 6 individuals accused of unlawful activities under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act and criminal conspiracy under the Indian Penal Code. The prosecution alleges the accused were members of banned terrorist organizations and possessed materials promoting terrorism. After an investigation and evidence collection, the court found the accused guilty of the charges and delivered its judgment on March 7, 2017.

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    WWW.LIVELAW.

    IN
    1 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Receivedon:05.03.2014
    Registeredon:05.03.2014
    Decidedon:07.03.2017
    Duration:03Years02Days

    ExhibitNo.

    INTHECOURTOFSESSIONSJUDGEATGADCHIROLIDISTRICT
    GADCHIROLI.
    (Presidedoverby:SuryakantS.Shinde)

    SESSIONSCASENO.13OF2014&
    SESSIONSCASENO.130OF2015

    StateofMaharashtra,
    ThroughPoliceStationOfficer,
    PoliceStation,Aheri
    District:Gadchiroli. Prosecution

    Versus

    1.MaheshKarimanTirki,
    Ageabout22years,Occu.Agriculturist,

    2.PanduPoraNarote,
    Ageabout27years,Occ.Agriculturist,

    Bothr/oMurewada,TaluqaEtapalli,
    DistrictGadchiroli.

    3.HemKeshavdattaMishra,
    Ageabout32years,Occu.Education,
    R/oKunjbargal,Post:Nagarkhan,
    DistrictAlmoda(Uttarkhand)

    4.PrashantRahiNarayanSanglikar,
    Ageabout54years,Occu.Journalist,
    R/o87,ChandrashekharNagar,Krushikesh,
    Deharadun,Uttarkhand.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    2 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    5.VijayNanTirki,
    Ageabout:30years,Occu.Labour,R/o.Beloda,PostP.V.92,
    DharampurTaluqaPakhanjoor,DistrictKanker(C.G.)

    6.GokalkondaNagaSaibaba,
    Ageabout47years,Occ.Service,
    R/oWardenHouse,GwairHoll,Delhi
    UniversityRoad,NewDelhi.Accused

    Offencepunishableu/s13,18,20,38and39ofTheUnlawful
    Activities(Prevention)Act,1967r/wsec.120BoftheIndian
    PenalCode.

    Shri.Sathianathan,SpecialPublicProsecutorforState.
    Shri.S.P.Gadling,AdvocateforaccusedNo.1to4&6.
    Shri.P.C.Samaddar,AdvocateforaccusedNo.5.

    JUDGMENT
    (Deliveredonthis7thdayofMarch,2017)

    1] Accused No.1 Mahesh Kariman Tirki, No.2 Pandu Pora


    Narote,No.3HemKeshavdattaMishra,No.4PrashantRahiNarayan
    Sanglikar,No.5VijayNanTirkiandNo.6GokalkondaNagaSaibaba
    alongwithabscondingaccusedhavebeenprosecutedfortheoffence
    punishable under sections 13, 18, 20, 38, 39 of The Unlawful
    Activities(Prevention)Act,1967(hereinafterreferredasUAPA)read
    withSection120BoftheIndianPenalCode.

    2] TheallegationsagainstaccusedNos.1to6arethatonor
    before 12.9.2013 within India they hatched criminal conspiracy to
    wagewaragainsttheGovernmentofIndiaandtocollectpeoplewith
    the intention of waging war against the Government of India, to
    overawebymeansofcriminalforcetheGovernmentofMaharashtra
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    3 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    andtheGovernmentofIndia,toshakeandreducethefaithofthe
    commoncitizeninitsdemocraticGovernmentbylargescaleviolence
    destructionoflivesandpropertyandtherebydestabilizethesystemof
    Government established by law and to organize the spread of
    secessionist and rebellious thoughts by holding convert and secret
    meetings,tocollectmoneyinIndiaforachievingtheobjectsofthe
    said criminal conspiracy by illegal means, to continue unlawful
    activitiesofCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)[hereinafterreferred
    as CPI (Maoist)] and its frontal organization Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront,forachievingtheobjectsofcriminalconspiracy,to
    continuetheactivitiesofTerroristGang,bannedterroristorganization
    orunlawfulassociation,singlyorjointlyasamemberoftheTerrorist
    Gang&bannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)&itsfrontalorganisation
    Revolutionary Democratic Front (hereinafter referred as RDF) to
    conspire,advocate,incite,abet&knowinglyfacilitatethecommission
    ofaterroristactandunlawfulactivitiesbyuseofviolenceorother
    unlawfulmeans,totakepartorcommitoradvocate,abetorincitethe
    commission of unlawful activities,being the membersof a banned
    TerroristGang.

    3] As such accused No.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu


    Narote in pursuance of the criminal conspiracy with accused no.3
    Hem Mishra and no.6 Saibaba were found in possession of naxal
    literature,pamphlets,letters,correspondence,audiovideo,electronic
    materials which were to be used for inciting the people to create
    violence to cause public disorder and they were receiving the
    membersofbannedterroristorganizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontal
    organizationRDFandweretakingthemsafelyandsecretlytoforest
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    4 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    areawithintheGadchirolidistricttomeetabscondingunderground
    naxals.Accusedno.3HemMishrawasfoundinpossessionof16GB
    memorycardofSandiskcompanycontainingletters,correspondence
    which were addressed to the Comrades of banned terrorist
    organizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF.

    4] The accused No.6 Saibaba was found in possession of


    harddisks, laptops, pendrives, CDs,DVDs,booklets,memorycards
    containingMaoistliteratureandletters,correspondence,pamphlets,
    emails, minutes of meetings, report of meetings, audiovideo clips
    conductingandaddressingthemeetingsofbannedorganisationCPI
    (Maoist)underUAPAanditsfrontalorganisationRDFandfurtherthe
    accused no.4 Prashant Rahi & no.5 Vijay Tirki in pursuance of
    criminal conspiracy with accused No.1 Mahesh Tirki, no.2 Pandu
    Narote,no.3HemMishra&no.6Saibabawerefoundinpossessionof
    letters and writings regarding banned terrorist organization CPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDFandtheaccusedNo.1to6
    beingthemembersofbannedterroristorganizationCPI(Maoist)and
    its frontal organization RDF hatched criminal conspiracy and the
    objectofthesaidconspiracywastocreateviolence,tocausepublic
    disorderandtospreaddisaffectiontowardstheCentralGovernment
    and the State Government and in pursuance of the said criminal
    conspiracy accused nos.1 to 6 were foundin possession ofprinted
    naxal literature, circulating information which is promotional
    literatureofterroristorganizationintheformofbooklets,pamphlets,
    correspondence, writings, reports of the meetings, letters, emails,
    speeches in audio, video and text formats contained in electronic
    gadgets like CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddisks, memorycards and
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    5 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    foundusingthesameforcirculationamongstthemembersofbanned
    organisationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDFandother
    personsforcreatingviolenceandcausingpublicdisorder.

    5] Thefactsoftheprosecutioncaseareasunder:
    The informant Atul Shantaram Awhad (P.W.6), the
    Assistant Police Inspector attached to Special Branch, Gadchiroli
    lodgedtheF.I.R.(Exh.220)atpolicestation,Aheriallegingthat in
    the month of August, 2013 he was attached to Special Branch,
    Gadchiroli as Assistant Police Inspector andhe hadreceived secret
    informationthataccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandaccusedno.2Pandu
    NarotewereworkingforprohibitedbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)
    anditsfrontalorganisationRDFandtheywereactivemembersofthe
    said organisation. He had also information that the above two
    personsi.e.accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotewere
    providing materials to the underground naxalites and they were
    givingprotectiontothemandtakingthemfromoneplacetoanother
    place safely and exchanging information regarding the Maoist
    organisation,therefore,onthebasisofthisinformation,heandhis
    officerswerekeepingwatchonaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2
    PanduNaroteintheareaofEtapalli,AheriandMurewada.

    6] The informant P.W.6 API Atul Awhad on 22.8.2013 at


    about 6.00 p.m. alongwith his staff had been to Aheri Bus Stand
    where accused No.1 Mahesh and accused No.2 Pandu were found
    standingatasecludedplaceneartheBusStandofAheriandatabout
    6.15p.m.onepersonhavingwhitecaponhisheadcamethereand
    they started talking with each other suspiciously. Therefore, the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    6 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    informant(PW6)APIAtulAwhadalongwithhisstaffwenttowards
    thosethreepersonsandmadeenquirywiththem,howevertheygave
    evasiveanswers. Hence,hecalledtwopanchasandinpresenceof
    panchasheaskedtheirnames.OnepersontoldhisnameasMahesh
    KarimanTirki(accusedno.1),secondtoldhisnameasPanduPora
    Narote (accused no.2) and third person told his name as Hem
    KeshavdattaMishra(accusedno.3).InformantP.W.6APIAtulAwhad
    broughtaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteandno.3Hem
    Mishra to Aheri Police Station where in the presence of panch
    witnesses,theirpersonalsearchwastaken.

    7] The personal search of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki was


    taken and from his possession three pamphlets regarding banned
    organisation CPI (Maoist) and its frontal organisation RDF, one
    pocketpursecontainingRs.60/,platformticketdated28.5.2013of
    BallarshahRailwayStation,IdentityCardandonemobilephoneof
    MicromaxCompanywereseized.Thereafter,thepersonalsearchof
    accusedno.2PanduNarotewasalsotakenandfromhispossession
    Mobile phone of Samsung Company, one pocket purse containing
    cash of Rs.1480/, Platform ticket dated 28.5.2013 of Ballarshah
    Railway Station, Pan Card, Identity Card etc. were seized and
    thereafterpersonalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMishrawasalsotaken
    and from his possession one memory card of 16 GB of Sandisk
    companywrappedina paper,onepocketpursecontainingcashof
    Rs.7,700/,travellingticketofDelhitoBallarshahdated19.8.2013,
    Camera alongwith charger, Pan Card, Identity Card and cloth bag
    were seized. All these articles foundin possession ofaccusedno.1
    MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishrawereseized
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    7 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    underthepanchanamadrawninpresenceofpanchasvideExh.137.
    TheinformantP.W.no.6APIAtulAvhadlodgedreportagainstaccused
    No.1 Mahesh Tirki, no.2 Pandu Narote and no.3 Hem Mishra at
    Exh.219.Onthebasisofthisreport(Exh.219),theoffenceatCrime
    No.3017/2013videF.I.R.(Exh.220)undersection13,18,20,38,39
    oftheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)ActreadwithSection120Bof
    theI.P.C.wasregisteredatAheriPoliceStationagainstaccusedNo.1
    Mahesh Tirki, no.2 Pandu Narote and no.3 Hem Mishra. As the
    offencewasregisteredunderUAPA,furtherinvestigationwashanded
    overtotheInvestigatingOfficerSubDivisionalPoliceOfficerP.W.11
    SuhasBawche.

    8] Duringinterrogationwithaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2
    Pandu,itwasrevealedthatnaxalladyDVCNarmadakkaof banned
    organisationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDF hadtold
    themthataccusedno.3HemMishrawascomingfromDelhialong
    withimportantthingsandheshouldbebroughttoMurewadaforest
    safelyandforthatpurposetheyweresenttoAheriBusStand.During
    interrogationwithaccusedno.3HemMishra,itwasrevealedthatone
    personinDelhii.e.accusedno.6Saibabawhowasactivememberof
    banned organisation CPI (Maoist) and its frontal organisation RDF
    hadgivenhimonememorycardwrappedinapaperandtoldthathe
    shouldtakeittoDVCNarmadakkawhowasactiveinGadchiroliarea
    andtherefore,hewassent.

    9] Duringinterrogationwithaccusedno.3HemMishra,the
    involvementofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiwasrevealedandasthe
    Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche had information that
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    8 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    accusedno.4PrashantRahiwascomingtoRaipurorDevriandhence
    hepassedsaidinformationtoPoliceStation,Chichgadandonsuch
    information on 1.9.2013 P.W.14 Police Inspector Rajendrakumar
    Tiwari found accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and no.5 Vijay Tirki at
    Chichgad Tpoint,Devriinsuspiciousconditionandthereafterthey
    were brought to Aheri Police Station on 2.9.2013 at 5.00 a.m.
    Thereafter, Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche arrested
    accusedNo.4PrashantRahividearrestpanchanamaExh.239on29
    2013andfromhispersonalsearchseizedonemoneypurse,cashof
    Rs.8,800/,onevisitingcard,onedrivinglicense,oneYatriCard,one
    Newspaper by name 'Dainik Bhaskar' and eight papers relating to
    Naxalliteraturealongwithtypewrittenpapersofundertrialprisoner
    maoist leader Narayan Sanyal under panchanama Exh.179.
    Investigating Officer also arrested accused No.5 Vijay Tirki on
    02.09.2013 under arrest panchanamas at Exh.240 and from his
    personalsearch,policeseizedonemobilephoneofsilvercolour,cash
    of Rs.5,000/, four pieces of paperon whichphone numberswere
    writtenandoneNewspaperof'DainikBhaskar'underpanchanamaat
    Exh.180.

    10] During investigation, it was further revealed that the


    accused No.5 Vijay Tirki in pursuance of conspiracy with the
    undergroundmemberbynameRamdarofbannedorganisationCPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDFreceivedtheaccusedNo.4
    Prashant Rahi who was also a member of banned terrorist
    organizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDFandasper
    thedirectionsofRamdarhewasattemptingtotaketheaccusedNo.4
    PrashantRahitoAbuzmadforestareaformeetingtheseniormaoist
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    9 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    cadreswhowerehidingthemselvesinAbuzmadforestareaandthe
    accused No.3 Hem Mishra, no.4 Prashant Rahi and no.6 Saibaba
    enteredintothecriminalconspiracywitheachotherandinpursuance
    ofthesaidconspiracy,theaccusedNo.6Saibabaarrangedmeetingsof
    accused No.3 Hem Mishra and no.4 Prashant Rahi with the
    undergroundmembersofbannedterroristorganizationCPI(Maoist)
    and its frontal organisation RDF, who were hiding themselves in
    Abuzmad forest area and in furtherance of the said criminal
    conspiracytheaccusedNo.6SaibabahandedoveramicrochipSD
    MemoryCardof16GBofSandiskcompanycontainingvitalmaoist
    communicationsandothermaoistdocumentstoaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishraandaccusedno.4PrashantRahiwithintentiontofurtherthe
    activities of terrorist organization CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organisationRDF.

    11] During investigation, the accused no.3 Hem Mishra


    expressed his desire to open his facebook account in presence of
    witnesshenceInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawchecalledpanch
    witnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewarinPoliceStationAherion26.8.2013
    andinthepresenceofpanchwitnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewarand
    InvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawche,accusedno.3HemMishra
    openedhisfacebookaccountbyenteringhisusernameandpassword
    onthelaptopofAheriPoliceStationandthescreenshotsandtheir
    printoutsatArts.A1toA16weretakenbyInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11
    Suhas Bawche in presence of P.W.4 Shrikant Gaddewar and
    panchanama to that effect was prepared at Exh.200 and the
    Videography of the proceeding was done and panchanama to that
    effectwaspreparedatExh.199.Thememorycard(16GB)ofSandisk
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    10 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    companyseizedfromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMishra
    was sent to CFSL, Mumbai and Scientific Expert Bhavesh Nikam
    (P.W.21)examinedthesameandreportofCFSLisfiledonrecord.It
    is at Exh.266. The certified hardcopies of mirror images of data
    contained in said 16 GB memory card of Sandisk company are
    annexedtoCFSLreportExh.266andtheyareatArt.A17toA21.
    ThesanctionforprosecutionforoffencepunishableunderUAPAwas
    obtainedagainstaccusednos.1to5videsanctionorderatExh.17.
    Oncompletionofinvestigation,ChargeSheetcametobefiledagainst
    accused No.1 to 5 in the Court of Judicial Magistrate, First Class,
    Aheri.

    12] As the offence under section 13, 18, 20, 38, 39 of the
    UAPA is exclusively triable by Court of Sessions, learned J.M.F.C.,
    Aheri committed the case to Sessions Court after complying the
    provisionsofSection207ofCodeofCriminalProcedurebypassing
    orderbelowExh.1on26.02.2014.Oncommittal,caseisregisteredas
    SessionsCaseNo.13/2014.

    13] Duringinterrogationwithaccusedno.3HemMishraand
    no.4PrashantRahiinvolvementofaccusedno.6Saibabawasrevealed
    andhenceP.W.11SuhasBawchesoughtpermissionfromJMFCAheri
    P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas on 492013 for taking the house search of
    accusedno.6Saibabaandaftergettingpermissionon792013,he
    alongwithAddl.S.P.Mina,PIBadgujar,P.C.Kumbhare,H.C.Dubey
    andotherpolicestaffleftforDelhion992013andhadtakenentry
    Exh.275Jinthestationdiaryaboutthesameandthereafteron129
    2013 he issued letter Exh.252 to incharge Police Station officer,
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    11 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Morisnagar for providing police staff, computer expert and


    VideographerandthereafterthesaidPoliceStationprovidedpolice
    staff to them for conducting raid at the house of accused no.6
    SaibabaashewasresidinginthecampusofDelhiUniversity.

    14] Thereafter, Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche


    alongwith his police staff, videographer, panch and police staff of
    DelhiproceededtothehouseofSaibaba andafterreachingtothe
    house of accused no.6 Saibaba they found his wife Vasanta was
    presentinthehouseandsheopenedthedoorofhouseandtheygave
    theirintroductionandthepurposeoftheirvisitattheirhouseand
    thereafter,shecalledaccusedno.6Saibaba.Thereafterhousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6Saibabawastakenandfromhousesearchelectronic
    gadgets Arts.1 to 41 i.e. CDs, DVDs, Pendrives, harddiscs, three
    mobiles, two SIM cards, books, magazine and some other articles
    wereseizedunderpanchnama(Exh.165)inpresenceofpanchas.

    15] After thorough study of seized devices and documents,


    Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche had been to Delhi for
    arrestingaccusedno.6Saibababutmembersofbannedorganization
    madeprotesthenceInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawche could
    notarrestaccusedno.6Saibaba. ThereafterSuhasBawche(P.W.11)
    obtained the permission and arrest warrant from JMFC, Aheri on
    26.2.2014toapprehendaccusedno.6Saibabaandthenaccusedno.6
    cametobearrestedvidearrestpanchanamaatExh.269andfromhis
    personalsearchonemobile,RCbookofvehicleandcashamountof
    Rs.320/wasrecoveredunderpanchanamaatExh.270inpresenceof
    panchas.Duringinvestigationelectronicgadgetsi.e.CDs,DVDs,pen
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    12 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    drives,harddisks,laptop,memorycardseizedfromthehousesearch
    of accused no.6 Saibaba were sent to CFSL, Mumbai and Bhavesh
    Nikam (P.W.21) examined the same and report CFSL is filed on
    record. ItisatExh.267. Thehardcopiesofmirrorimagesofdata
    contained in said electronic gadgets are annexed to CFSL report
    Exh.267(Pagenos.1to247).

    16] Thereafter, accused no.6 Saibaba was produced before


    J.M.F.C.,AheriandhewasremandedtoM.C.R. TheJ.M.F.C.,Aheri
    directedthejailauthoritytoproducetheaccusedNo.6Saibababefore
    thisCourtandasperthesaiddirectionstheJailauthorityproduced
    accusedno.6SaibababeforethisCourt,hence,thenameofaccused
    No.6SaibabawasincludedinthiscasealongwithaccusedNo.1to5.
    ThesanctionforprosecutionforoffencepunishableunderUAPAwas
    obtained against accused no.6 Saibaba vide sanction order at
    Exh.349. Thereafter, supplementary charge sheet came tobe filed
    against the accusedNo.6 Saibaba intheCourtofSessionsJudge,
    Gadchirolion14.12.2015anditwasregisteredasSessionsCaseNo.
    130/2015.

    17] The Sessions Case No.130/2015 and Sessions Case No.


    13/2014arearisingoutofthesaidincidentandhencemylearned
    predecessor Shri D.R.Shirasao passed order below Exh.1 on
    14.12.2015 in Sessions Case No.130/2015 for trying both the
    SessionsCaseNo.130/2015andSessionsCaseNo.13/2014together.

    18] MypredecessorShri.D.R.Shirasaoframedchargeagainst
    accused Nos.1 to 6 at Exh.66 on 21.10.2015. The contents of the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    13 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    chargewerereadoverandexplainedtotheaccusedinvernacularto
    which,accusedpleadednotguiltyandclaimedfortrial.Duringtrial,
    onbehalfofprosecutionfollowingwitnessesareexamined.

    P.W.No. NameoftheWitness Exh.No.

    1 SantoshNanajiBawne,thepanchwitnessof 136
    seizurepanchanamaandseizure ofarticles
    fromthepossessionoftheaccusedNos.1to3
    (Exh.137)
    2 Jagat Bhole, the panch witness on seizure 164
    panchanama(Exh.165)ofelectronicgadgets
    andotherarticlesfromthehousesearchof
    accusedno.6Saibaba.
    3 Umaji Kisan Chandankhede, the panch 178
    witness on the point of personal search of
    accusedNo.4(Exh.179)andpersonalsearch
    ofaccusedNo.5(Exh.180)
    4 Shrikant Pochreddy Gaddewar, the panch 198
    witness on facebook activities of accused
    no.3
    5 Ravindra Manohar Kumbhare, the police 210
    constable, who carried and deposited the
    muddemaltoCFSLMumbai
    6 AtulShantaramAvhad,thePoliceOfficerand 218
    informant.
    7 Apeksha Kishor Ramteke, Woman police 222
    constable,whobroughtmuddemalproperty
    fromCFSLBombaytoAheriPoliceStation.
    8 RameshKolujiYede,PoliceHeadConstable, 223
    whobroughttheaccusedNo.4&5toPolice
    Station,Aheri.
    9 RajuPoriyaAtram,thewitnessonthepoint 225
    ofincident.
    10 PoliceInspectorAnilDigambarBadgujar. 226
    11 S.D.P.O. Suhas Prakash Bawche, the 235
    InvestigatingOfficer.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    14 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    12 Nileshwar Gaurishankar Vyas, the J.M.F.C. 277


    who recorded confessional statements of
    accusedno.1Maheshandno.2Pandu.
    13 Ganesh Keshav Rathod, Moharar who 297
    depositedthemuddemalinMalkhana
    14 Police Inspector Rajendrakumar Parmanand 307
    Tiwari.
    15 Narendra Shitalprasad Dube, Station Diary 308
    DutyAmaldar.
    16 RaviKhemrajPardeshi,Nodalofficer. 329
    17 KhumajiDevajiKorde,CourtSuperintendent. 339
    18 KalyaneshwarPrasadBakshi,Addl.Secretary. 345
    19 Dr. Amitabh Rajan S.N.Kishore, Home 355
    Secretary.
    20 RajneeshkumarRatiram,NodalOfficer,BSNL 359
    21 Bhavesh Neharu Nikam, Scientific Expert, 371
    CFSLMumbai.
    22 Manoj Manikrao Patil, Circle Nodal officer, 411
    IndianAirtel,Dadar,Mumbai.
    23 SDPORameshMalhariDhumal 414

    19] Besides this, prosecution has relied on following


    documents:

    Documents Exh.No.
    1] Sanction order issued by Dr.AmitabhRajan, 17
    AdditionalChiefSecretarytotheGovernment
    of Maharashtra Home Department against
    accusedno.1to5.
    2] Seizure panchanama in respect of property 137
    seized from the possession of accused nos.1
    Mahesh Tirki, no.2 Pandu Narote and no.3
    HemMishra.
    3] Seizure panchanama in respect of property 165
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    15 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    seized from the possession of accused no.6


    Saibaba.
    4] Seizure panchanama in respect of seizure of 179
    propertyfromthepossessionofaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahi.
    5] Seizure panchanama in respect of seizure of 180
    propertyfromthepossessionofaccusedno.5
    VijayTirki.
    6] Panchanama of proceeding in respect of 199
    activitiesoffacebookaccountofaccusedno.3
    HemMishra.
    7] PanchanamatotheeffectthatCDwastaken 200
    out from computer and it was put back in
    sameconditionandwassealed.
    8] Panchanama to the effect that the memory 201
    cardwassealedwithlabelsandsignaturesof
    panchas.
    9] Panchanama to the effect that the packets 202
    containing laptop, books and mobiles were
    sealedwithlabelsandsignaturesofpanchas.
    10] Panchanamainrespectofseizureof mobiles 203
    ofaccusedno.6G.N.Saibaba.
    11] Panchanamatotheeffectthatharddiskwas 204
    sealedwithlabelsandsignaturesofpanchas.
    12] Panchanamatotheeffectthatharddiskswere 205
    sealedwithlabelsandsignaturesofpanchas
    13] A letter to Forensic Laboratory, Mumbai for 211
    examinationofmemorycardandreport.
    14] Questionairinregardtothememorycardfor 211A
    forensicsciencelab.
    15] A letter to Forensic Laboratory, Mumbai for 212
    examinationofelectronicgadgetsseizedfrom
    thehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaand
    report.
    16] OralreportlodgedbytheinformantP.S.I.Atul 219
    ShantaramAwhad(P.W.6).
    17] F.I.R. lodged by the informant P.S.I. Atul 220
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    16 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    ShantaramAwhad(P.W.6).
    18] ArrestpanchanamasofaccusedNo.1Mahesh 227to229
    Tirki, no.2 Pandu Narote and no.3 Hem
    Mishra.
    19] SpecialReportofPolice Station,Aheriabout 236
    registrationofcrime.
    20] Letterdated25.8.2013issuedbyP.W.11Suhas 237
    BawcheforgettingCDR.
    21] ArrestpanchanamasofaccusedNo.4&5. 239&240
    22] Report addressed to P.I. Police Station Devri 241
    dated1.9.2013.
    23] Search warrant of house search of accused 244
    no.6Saibabadated7.9.2013.
    24] LettertoMorisnagarPoliceStationatDelhifor 252
    providing police staff, computer expert and
    videographerbyP.W.11SuhasBawche.
    25] Noticesenttoaccusedno.6Saibabatoremain 256
    present for investigation by P.W.11 Suhas
    Bawche
    26] Letter dated 17.9.2013 to S.P. Gadchiroli for 257
    obtainingCDR.
    27] Letterdated16.1.2014sent byP.W.11Suhas 262
    Bawche to different mobile companies for
    CDR.
    28] AttestedcopyofchargesheetofNanakmatta 264
    Police Station against accused no.4 Prashant
    Rahi.
    29] Scientific analysis report of CFSL, Mumbai 266
    annexed with 15 pages in respect of 16 GB
    memorycard seized from accused no.3 Hem
    Mishra.
    30] Scientific analysis report of CFSL, Mumbai 267
    annexedwith247pagesinrespectofEx.1to
    25 i.e. electronic gadgets seized from the
    housesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.
    31] Arrestpanchanamaofaccusedno.6Saibaba. 269
    32] Extractsofstationdiaryentries. 275Ato175J
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    17 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    33] Attestedextractcopiesofmuddemalregister. 276Ato276E


    34] Memorandum regarding questions and 278
    answersputtoaccusedno.2PanduNarote.
    35] Memorandum regarding questions and 279
    answersputtoaccusedno.1MaheshTirki.
    36] Confessional statement of accused no.1 280
    MaheshTirki.
    37] CertificatesI,IIandIIIaffixedtoconfessional 281to283
    statementofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki.
    38] Confessionalstatementofaccusedno.2Pandu 286
    Narote.
    39] CertificatesI,IIandIIIaffixedtoconfessional 287to289
    statementofaccusedno.2PanduNarote.
    40] Complaintmadebyaccusedno.1MaheshTirki 292
    andno.2PanduNaroteregardingretractionof
    confessionalstatement.
    41] TheCDRofmobilephonenumbersofaccused 330to332
    no.3HemMishraandno.4PrashantRahi.
    42] Certificateus/65BoftheEvidenceAct. 333
    43] CustomerapplicationformofmobileSIMcard 335
    ofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.
    44] Customer application forms of mobile SIM 336and337
    cardsofaccusedno.3HemMishra.
    45] Certificate dated 15.2.2014 u/s 65B of the 338
    EvidenceAct.
    46] Copy of the property register of Sessions 340
    Court,Gadchiroli.
    47] Letter dated 26.2.2015 to Director of Public 346
    Prosecutor issued by Desk Officer for
    independentreview.
    48] IndependentreviewreceivedfromDirectorof 348
    PublicProsecutor.
    49] Sanctionorderdated6.4.2015forprosecution 349
    ofaccusedno.6Saibaba.
    50] Coveringletterwithsanction. 350
    51] Letter dated 7.2.2014 to Director of Public 356
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    18 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Prosecutor issued by Desk Officer for


    independentreview.
    52] IndependentreviewreceivedfromDirectorof 358
    PublicProsecutor.
    53] Mirrorimagesretrievedfrom16GBmemory 372
    cardofSandiskcompanysentalongwithletter
    dated30.8.2013.
    54] Letters issued by P.W.23 Bhavesh Nikam to 373&374
    SDPOAherialongwithmirrorimagesofhard
    disks.
    55] Certificate dated 22.3.2016 by Head of 375
    DepartmentAssistantDirectorofCyberCrime.
    56] 16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompany. 376
    57] harddisks. 377,381to384
    58] Pendrives. 378to380
    59] DVDs 387to394
    60] CD 395
    61] CDR details of mobile SIM card of accused 413
    no.6Saibaba.
    62] Customer application form for mobile SIM 418
    cardofaccusedno.6Saibaba.
    63] Telephone bill in the name of accused no.6 419
    Saibaba.
    64] Attested copy of ID card of accused no.6 420
    Saibaba.

    20] Thereafter, prosecution has closed its evidence by filing


    pursisatExh.421.StatementunderSection313ofCr.P.C.ofaccused
    no.1 Mahesh Tirki was recorded at Exh.426, accused no.2 Pandu
    Narote at Exh.427, accused no.3 Hem Mishra at Exh.433, accused
    no.4PrashantRahiatExh.429,accusedno.5VijayTirkiatExh.430
    andaccusedno.6G.N.SaibabaatExh.437inwhichtheyhavedenied
    the allegations. Accordingto accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2
    PanduNarote,theirconfessionalstatementsbeforeJMFCAheriwere
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    19 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    recorded under the pressure of police and they retracted their


    confession by filing application before JMFC Aheri vide Exhibit
    no.292. Accordingtoaccusedno.3HemMishra,hewasarrestedat
    BallarshaRailwaystationandnothingwasseizedfromhispossession
    andhehasbeenfalselyimplicatedinthiscase.Accordingtoaccused
    no.4 Prashant Rahi he was not arrested at Devri Chinchgad and
    nothing was seized from his possession and he has been falsely
    implicatedinthiscase.Accordingtoaccusedno.5VijayTirkihewas
    not arrested at Devri Chinchgad and nothing was seized from his
    possessionandhehasbeenfalselyimplicatedinthiscase.According
    to accused no.6 G.N.Saibaba nothing was seized from his house
    searchatDelhiandhehasbeenfalselyimplicatedinthiscase.

    21] HeardlearnedSpecialPublicProsecutorShri.Sathianathan
    fortheStateandlearnedAdvocateShri.GadlingfortheaccusedNos.1
    to4&6andlearnedadvocateShri.P.C.SamaddarforaccusedNo.5
    VijayTirki.Perusedoralanddocumentaryevidenceonrecord.Inthis
    backdrop,thefollowingpointsariseformydeterminationtowhichI
    haverecordedmyfindingsasunderforthereasonsgivenbelow:

    Sr.No. Point Findings


    1 Doesprosecutionprovethatonorpriorto Intheaffirmative
    12.9.2013withinIndia,theaccusedNo.1
    to 6 along with absconding accused
    NarmadakkaandRamdarinpursuanceof
    their criminal conspiracy,werethe active
    members of banned organisation CPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDF
    under UAPA and found in possession of
    printed naxal literature and circulated
    information which is promotional
    literatureofterroristsorganizationinthe
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    20 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    form of booklet, pamphlets,


    correspondence,agenda,audiovideoclips
    of such banned organization of terrorists
    gang and found arranging meetings of
    those members with underground naxals
    andpassingmoneyforstrengtheningtheir
    organization and circulating important
    informationwhosemainobjectivewasto
    incite the people and to create violence
    and to spread disaffection towards
    Government established by law and to
    commitillegalactwithintentiontofurther
    activitiestocommitconspiracyorattempt
    to commit or advocate, abet or incite
    people to create public disorder with
    intent to threaten the unity, integrity,
    security or sovereignty of India and
    therebycommittedanoffencepunishable
    under Section 13 of The Unlawful
    Activities(Prevention)Act,1967readwith
    Section120BoftheIndianPenalCode?

    2 Doesprosecutionprovethatonorpriorto Intheaffirmative
    12.9.2013withinIndia,theaccusedNo.1
    to 6 along with absconding accused
    NarmadakkaandRamdarinpursuanceof
    their criminal conspiracy,werethe active
    members of RDF, which is frontal
    organization of CPI (Maoist) banned
    organization under UAPA were found in
    possessionofprintednaxalliteratureand
    circulated information which is
    promotional literature of terrorists
    organization in the form of booklet,
    pamphlets, correspondence, agenda,
    audiovideo clips of such banned
    organizationofterroristsgangandfound
    arrangingmeetingsofthosemembersand
    passing money and circulating important
    informationwhosemainobjectivewasto
    incite the people and to create violence
    and to spread disaffection towards
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    21 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Government established by law and to


    commitillegalactoranyact preparatory
    tothecommissionofaterroristsactwith
    intention to further the activities to
    commit conspiracy or attempt to commit
    oradvocate,abetandincitepeopletotake
    toviolenceandcreatepublicdisorderwith
    intent to threaten the unity, integrity,
    security or sovereignty of India and
    therebycommittedanoffencepunishable
    under Section 18 of The Unlawful
    Activities(Prevention)Act,1967readwith
    Section120BoftheIndianPenalCode?

    3 Doesprosecutionprovethatonorpriorto
    12.9.2013withinIndia,theaccusedNo.1
    to 6 along with absconding accused
    NarmadakkaandRamdarinfurtheranceof
    their criminal conspiracy,weretheactive
    membersofbannedterroristsorganization
    CPI (Maoist) and its frontal organization Intheaffirmative
    RDFwerefoundinvolvedinterroristsacts
    and thereby committed an offence
    punishable under Section 20 of The
    UnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967,
    readwithSection120BoftheIndianPenal
    Code?

    4 Doesprosecutionprovethatonorpriorto Intheaffirmative
    12.9.2013withinIndia,theaccusedNo.1
    to 6 along with absconding accused
    NarmadakkaandRamdarinfurtheranceof
    their criminal conspiracy,weretheactive
    membersofbannedterroristsorganization
    CPI (Maoist) and its frontal organization
    RDFunderUAPAwerefoundinpossession
    of printed naxal literature and circulated
    information which is promotional
    literatureofterroristsorganizationinthe
    form of booklet, pamphlets,
    correspondence,agenda,audiovideoclips
    of such banned organization of terrorists
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    22 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    gang and all of them associated


    themselvesorprofessedtobeassociated,
    withaterroristorganizationwithintention
    tofurtheractivitiesrelatingtomembership
    of banned terrorists organization CPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF
    and thereby committed an offence
    punishable under Section 38 of The
    UnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967
    readwithSection120BoftheIndianPenal
    Code??
    5 Doesprosecutionprovethatonorpriorto
    12.9.2013withinIndia,theaccusedNo.1
    to 6 along with absconding accused
    Narmadakka and Ramdar entered into
    criminal conspiracy in pursuance of
    agreement of commission of acts in
    Gadchirolidistrictandotherplacessuchas
    Delhi,Hyderabad,Telangana,Chhatisgarh
    andotherplaceshavegivensupporttothe
    banned terrorists organization CPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF
    with intention to further the activity of
    such organisation, arranged, managed or
    assisted in arranging or managing a
    meetingwhichtheyknowis(i)tosupport
    suchbannedorganisationor(ii)tofurther Intheaffirmative
    theactivityofbannedorganisationor(iii)
    tobeaddressedbyapersonorpersonsto
    associateorprofesstobeassociatedwith
    such banned organisation and with
    intention to further the activitiesofsuch
    banned organisation addressed a
    meeting / meetings, authored or
    published,distributedbooks,literaturefor
    the purpose of encouraging support for
    suchbannedorganisationortofurtherits
    activityandtherebycommittedanoffence
    punishable under Section 39 of The
    UnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967
    readwithSection120BoftheIndianPenal
    Code?
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    23 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    6 Does prosecution proves that a valid


    sanction has been granted by the
    competent authority under Section 45 of
    theUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,
    1967inrespectofaccusedNo.1to5i.e.
    MaheshTirki,PanduNarote,HemMishra,
    Prashant Rahi & Vijay Tirki in Sessions
    Case 13/2014 and in respect of accused
    Intheaffirmative.
    no. 6 in SessionsCase no.130/2015 for
    taking cognizance of the offences
    punishableunderSections13,18,20,38,
    39ofTheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)
    Act, 1967 r/w 120 of the Indian Penal
    Code?
    7 Whatorder? Asperfinalorder.

    Pointnos.1to6:

    22] In the present case, the accused nos.1 to 6 have been


    chargedfortheoffencespunishableunderSections13,18,20,38,39
    of UAPA read with Section 120B of the Indian Penal Code. The
    allegationsagainsttheaccusednos.1to6arethattheybeingactive
    membersofCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisation(RDF),abanned
    organisationundertheUAPA,1967hatchedcriminalconspiracy,the
    objectofthesaidconspiracywastocreateviolence,tocausepublic
    disorderandtospreaddisaffectiontowardstheCentralGovernment
    and the State Government and in pursuance of the said criminal
    conspiracy accused nos.1to 6 were foundin possession ofprinted
    naxal literature, circulating information which is promotional
    literatureofterroristorganizationintheformofbooklets,pamphlets,
    correspondence, writings, reports of the meetings, letters, emails,
    speeches in audio, video and text formats contained in electronic
    gadgets like CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddisks, memorycards and
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    24 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    foundusingthesameforcirculationamongstthemembersofbanned
    organisationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDFandother
    personsforcreatingviolenceandcausingpublicdisorder.

    23] The prosecution has led evidence in respect of accused


    nos.1to6.Theevidenceledbytheprosecutionagainstaccusednos.1
    to6canbeclassifiedunderthefollowingcircumstances

    i] Accusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteandno.3Hem
    Mishra were arrested on 22.8.2013 at about 6.00 p.m. at a
    secluded place near Aheri Bus Stand in suspicious
    circumstances.

    ii] Personal search of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki, no.2 Pandu


    Naroteandno.3HemMishrawastaken.Fromthepossession
    ofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkithreepamphletscontainingnaxal
    literatureandfromthepossessionofno.2PanduNarotethe
    articles like umbrella and newspaper usually used by naxal
    asidentification code to recognise each other were seized.
    From the possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra 16 GB
    memorycard of Sandisk company containing incriminating
    materialinrelationtonaxalmovementofbannedorganization
    CPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDFintextformand
    onecameraofKodak company alongwithchargercontaining
    photographsofaccusedno.6Saibabaandotherarticleswere
    seized.
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    25 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    iii] Theaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandNo.2PanduNarotemade
    confessionalstatementsbeforeJudicialMagistrateFirstClass,
    AheriandtheywentalongwithP.W.9RajuAtramintheforestto
    meet naxal lady Narmadakka and when they had been to
    BallarshawithcashamountofRs.5lacs,P.W.9RajuAtramwas
    withthem.

    iv] From the house search of accused no.6 Saibaba at Delhi


    extensiveelectronicgadgetslikeCDs,DVDs,pendrives,hard
    disccontainingothernaxalliterature,letterscorrespondence,
    writings, reports of meetings, letters, emails relating to a
    bannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisation
    RDFundertheUAPA1967,wereseized.

    v] Activities of the facebook account of accused no.3 Hem


    Mishra.

    vi] Call records of mobile SIM nos.9873877513 &


    8860601278 belongingtoaccusedno.3HemMishra,mobile
    SIMno.8394875017belongingtoaccusedno.4PrashantRahi
    and mobile SIM no.8800100490 belonging to accused no.6
    Saibaba.

    vii] The accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and no.5 Vijay Tirki were
    found at Chichgad Tpoint Devri in suspicious circumstances
    and accused no.4 Prashant Rahi was found in possession of
    naxal literature in relation to naxal movement of banned
    organizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF.
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    26 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    viii] Sanction order for prosecution of accused no.1 to 5 in


    Sessioncaseno.13/2014foroffencepunishableunderSections
    13,18,20,38,39ofUAPAandagainstaccusedno.6Saibabafor
    theoffencepunishable underSections13,18,20,38,39of
    UAPAinSessioncaseno.130/2015.

    ix] Theelectronicgadgetsi.e.16GBmemorycardseizedfromthe
    possessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraandCDs,DVDs,pen
    drives,harddisksseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    SaibabaweresenttoCFSL,MumbaiforexaminationandCFSL
    reporttothateffectalongwithsoftcopiesanddatafoundin
    text form in 16 GB memorycardis at Exh.266(Arts.A17to
    A21)and report regarding electronic data found in audio,
    video,photographandtextform in CDs, pendrives, DVD,
    memorycards,harddisksisatExh.267(Pagenos.1to247).

    24] Asthereisachargeofconspiracyagainstaccusednos.1to
    6,itisnecessarytodiscussevidenceledbytheprosecutionagainst
    accusednos.1to6separatelyandfurtherastheevidenceledbythe
    prosecutionagainstaccusednos.1to6isinterconnectedwitheach
    otherinrespectofoffencespunishableunderSections13,18,20,38,
    39ofUAPAreadwithSection120BofIPCinordertoavoidrepetition
    offactsandevidencepointsno.1to6havebeenansweredtogether.
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    27 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    REASONS

    Caseagainstaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,accusedno.2
    PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishra

    25] ItisthecaseoftheprosecutionthatinformantAPIAtul
    Avhad(P.W.6)received informationthataccusedno.2PanduNarote
    andaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandtheirunknownassociateswere
    providing secret information and some materials to CPI (Maoist)
    banned organization, hence, they kept watch on their activities at
    Aheri, Murewada and Etapalliarea. On 2282013atabout600
    p.m.accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandaccusedno.2PanduNarotewere
    foundstandingatasecludedplacenearbusstand,Aheriandabout
    615p.m.onepersonhavingonecaponhisheadi.e.accusedno.3
    HemMishracamethere.TheinformantAPIAtulAvhad(PW6)asked
    themwhattheyweredoingatthatsecludedplace.Theygaveevasive
    answers. Hence, he tookaccusedno.2Pandu Narote,accusedno.1
    MaheshTirkiandaccusedno.3HemMishratoAheriPoliceStation
    wherePoliceInspectorAnilBadgujar(P.W.10)waspresent.Then,he
    askedtheirnamesinpresenceofpanchas.Onepersontoldhisname
    MaheshTirki,secondtoldhisnamePanduNaroteandthirdperson
    toldhisnameasHemKeshavdattaMishra.PIAnilBadgujar(P.W.10)
    alsoaskedthemwhattheyweredoingatsecludedplace.Theygave
    unsatisfactory answers about their presence. Hence, their personal
    searchwastaken.

    26] From the personalsearchofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki


    followingarticleswerefound:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    28 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    i]ThreepamphletsregardingbannedCPIorganization,
    ii]OneMicromaxcompanymobile,
    iii]OnepocketpursecontainingRs.60/,
    iv]Platformticketdated28521013and
    v]Xeroxcopyofhiselectionidentitycard.

    27] From the possession of accused no.2 Pandu Narote


    followingarticleswerefound.
    i]PassbookofStateBankofIndiainthenameofPanduNarote,
    ii]BirthcertificateinthenameofKarishmaPandu,
    iii]NewspaperLokmatdated20August,2013,
    iv]Xeroxcopyofrationcard,
    v]ResidenceandcastecertificateofPanduNarote,
    vi]SchoolleavingcertificateofPanduPoraNarote,
    vii]CastecertificateofPanduNarote,
    viii]BirthcertificateinthenameofPanduPoraNarote,
    ix]Oneumbrella,
    x]Samsungmobile,
    xi]Onemoneypurse(wallet),
    xii]XeroxcopyofelectioncardofPanduPoraNarote,
    xiii]PanCardofPanduPoraNarote,
    xiv]DrivinglicenseofPanduPoraNarote,
    xv]OneplatformticketofBallarshastationdated2852013,
    xvi]OnelaminatedcolouredPancardofPanduPoraNaroteand
    xvii]CashofRs.1480/

    28] From the possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra


    followingarticleswerefound:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    29 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    i] 16GBmemorycardofSandiskComapny(Art.137)
    ii] Onecamerawithcharger(Art.30)
    iii] OneCentralLibrarymembershipcard(Art.33),
    iv] OneStateBankATMcardwithcoverinthenameofHem
    Mishra(Art.34A)
    v] OneidentitycardofJawaharlalNeharuUniversityinthe
    nameofHemMishrawithhisphoto(Art.35)
    vi] OnetravelcardofDelhiMetro(Art.36)
    vii] OnetrainticketfromNewDelhitoBallarshadated
    1982013(Exh.37)
    viii] OnexeroxcopyofelectionI.D.inthenameofHem
    Mishra(Art.38)
    ix] OnedailynewspaperSaharadated19.8.2013,
    x] CashamountofRs.7500/

    29] Thereafter, all those articles were seized under seizure


    panchanamaatExh.137andthepropertyseizedfromaccusedno.1
    MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishrawasdeposited
    inMalkhanaofAheriPoliceStationbyPIAnilBadgujar(P.W.10)with
    MuddemalClerkGaneshRathod(P.W.13)andP.W.13GaneshRathod
    received property of Crime no.3017/2013in the Malkhanaandhe
    gave property no.12/2013 to it and taken note of property in
    muddemalregisterandcopyofthesaidregisterisfiledonrecordat
    Exh.276A.

    30] Thereafter16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanywas
    senttoCFSL,MumbaiforexaminationbyInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11
    SuhasBawchethroughcarrierRavindraKumbhare(P.W.5)forgetting
    soft copies andBhaveshNikam(P.W.21),ScientificExpert ofCFSL,
    Mumbai examined the same and soft copies were sent to Police
    StationAherithroughRavindraKumbhare(P.W.5)andthesamewere
    depositedintheMalkhanaofAheriPoliceStation.
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    30 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    31] The Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche opened


    thosesoftcopiesinpresenceofpanchP.W.4Shrikantwiththehelpof
    cardreader on the computer of Police Station, Aheri and found
    incriminating correspondence between members of banned
    organization CPI (Maoist) and its frontal organization RDF and
    furthertheyfound10to12PDFfilesprotectedbysecretpassword
    thereafter printouts of five documents were taken out and to that
    effect panchanama Exh.201 was prepared and thereafter, P.W.11
    SuhasBawchesentthehardcopiestoCFSL,Mumbaiforcertification
    andCFSL Mumbaicertifiedthesameandthehardcopies(Articles
    A17toA21)arefiledonrecordalongwithreportatExh.266.

    32] Duringinvestigation,accusedno.3HemMishraopened
    his facebook account in front of Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas
    BawcheandpanchwitnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewarandscreenshots
    ofallactivitiesonfacebookaccountofaccusedno.3Hemweretaken
    andtheyareatArts.A1toA16.Theevidenceinrespectofactivities
    onfacebookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishrawillbediscussed
    lateron.

    33] Duringinvestigation,accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2
    PanduNarotemadeconfessionalstatementsbeforeMagistratewhich
    have been recorded by P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas, J.M.F.C., Aheri at
    Exh.280and286respectively.

    EVIDENCE
    34] To prove the above allegations against accused no.1
    MaheshTirki,No.2PanduNaroteandNo.3HemMishraprosecution
    reliedontheevidenceoffollowingwitnesses:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    31 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Sr. P.W. NameofWitness Exh.No.


    No. No.
    1 P.W.1 Santosh Bawne, panch witness on 136
    seizurepanchanama.
    2 P.W.6 Atul Avhad, informant and 218
    InvestigatingOfficer.
    3 P.W.9 Raju Poriya Atram, the witness who 225
    accompaniedaccusedno.1Maheshand
    no.2 Pandu at Ballarsha Railway
    station.
    4 P.W.10 AnilDigambarBadgujar,PoliceOfficer. 226
    5 P.W.13 Ganesh Keshav Rathod, Muddemal 297
    ClerkofAheriPoliceStation.
    6 P.W.15 Narendra Shitalprasad Dube, Station 308
    DiaryDutyAmaldar.

    Besides,thisprosecutionreliedonfollowingdocuments.

    Sr.No. Particularsofdocuments Exhs.


    1 Seizurepanchanama 137
    2 CopyofMuddemalregister 276D
    3 CopyofStationDiary 275A

    35] PSIAtulShantaramAwhad(P.W.6)whoistheinformantin
    the present case was attached to Special Branch, Gadchiroli in his
    examinationatExh.218hasstatedthathehadreceivedinformation
    thataccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandaccusedno.2PanduNarotewere
    workingforprohibitedbannedorganizationCPIMaoistandtheywere
    supplying material to the underground naxalites and were giving
    protectiontothemandweretakingthemfromoneplacetoanother
    place safely and exchanging information regarding the Maoist
    organizationandhence,theywerekeepingwatchonthem inthe
    areaofEtapalli,AheriandMurewada. Healsoreceivedsecretand
    reliableinformationthataccusedno.2PanduNaroteandaccusedno.1
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    32 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Mahesh Tirki and their unknown associates were providing secret


    information and some materials to CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organisation RDF. Then on 2282013at about 600p.m.accused
    no.1MaheshTirkiandaccusedno.2PanduNarotewerestandingata
    secludedplacenearbusstandAheriandthereafter,atabout615p.m.
    onepersonhavingonecaponhisheadcamethereandtheystarted
    talking with each other suspiciously. Then he took accused no.2
    PanduNarote,accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandthatthirdpersonwho
    isaccusedno.3HemMishratoAheriPoliceStationandaskedtheir
    namesinpresenceofpanchas.Duringinterrogationonepersontold
    hisnameMaheshTirki(accusedno.1),secondtoldhisnamePandu
    Narote (accused no.2) and third person told his name as Hem
    Keshavdatta Mishra (accused no.3). Police Inspector Anil Badgujar
    (P.W.10)whowasattachedtoAheriPoliceStationwaspresentatthat
    timeinthepolicestation.Heaskedtheseaccusedpersonsastowhat
    they were doing at secluded place, to which accused gave
    unsatisfactoryanswers.

    36] Thenfirstly,personalsearchofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki
    wastakenandfromhispersonalsearch threepamphletsregarding
    bannedCPI(Maoist)organization,oneMicromaxmobile,onepocket
    pursecontainingRs.60/andplatformticketdated28521013were
    found.

    37] Secondly,personalsearchof accusedno.2PanduNarote


    was also taken and from his personal search, platform ticket of
    BallarshaRailwaydated2852013,onemobileofSamsungcompany
    and cash of Rs.1400/ and his election identity card and school
    leavingandbirthcertificatewerefound.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    33 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    38] Thirdly, he took personal search of accused no.3 Hem


    MishraandcashofRs.7,500/,KodakCamera,clothbag,whitecap,
    onespeccaseofblackcolour,onenewspaperofSahara,dated198
    2013,oneredcolouredtowel,bluecolourednapkin,oneshirtwith
    lining, one gray half pant, one yellow coloured Tshirt, one dark
    brownpant,onemoneypurse,pancard,twoidentitycardsofJNU
    University, one SBI ATM card, one travel card ofDelhiMetro,one
    DelhitoBallarshaRailwayticketdated19.8.2013andxeroxcopyof
    electionidentitycardi.e.Arts.21to38werefound.

    39] Allabovearticleswereseizedinthepresenceofpanchas
    underseizurepanchanamaExh.137drawnintheirpresenceinPolice
    Station,AheriandthepropertywastakenintocustodybyP.W.10P.I.
    AnilBadgujarandon enquirywithaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiand
    no.2PanduNarote,theytoldthatnaxalladyDVCNarmadakkaofCPI
    Maoist had told them that one person was coming from Delhi
    alongwithimportantthingsandheshouldbebroughttoMurewada
    forestsafelyandforthatpurpose,theyweresenttoAheribusstand.

    40] ThiswitnessidentifiedthearticlesbeforetheCourtwhich
    wereseizedfromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki.
    Thesearticlesareasunder:

    i] OneplatformticketofBallarsha(Art.18),
    ii] Onexeroxcopyofidentitycard(Art.19),
    iii] OnemobileofMacromaxcompany(Art.138)
    iv] Threepamphlets(Art.139to141)

    41] HefurtheridentifiedthearticlesbeforetheCourtwhich
    wereseizedfromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.2PanduNarote.
    Thesearticlesareasunder:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    34 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    i] OnepassbookofStateBankofIndiainthenameof
    PanduNarote(Art.1)
    ii] BirthcertificateinthenameofKarishmaPandu(Art.2)
    iii] Lokmatnewspaperdated20August,2013(Art.3)
    iv] Xeroxcopyofrationcard(Art.4)
    v] ResidenceandcastecertificateofPanduNarote(Art.5)
    vi] SchoolleavingcertificateofPanduPoraNarote(Art.6)
    vii] CastecertificateofPanduNarote(Art.7)
    viii] BirthcertificateinthenameofPanduPoraNarote(Art.8)
    ix] Oneumbrella(Art.9)
    x] Samsungmobile(Art.10)
    xi] Onemoneypurse(Art.11)
    xii] XeroxcopyofelectioncardofPanduPoraNarote(Art.12)
    xiii] PanCardofPanduPoraNarote(Art.13)
    xiv] DrivinglicenseofPanduP.Narote(Art.14)
    xv] OneplatformticketofBallarshastationdated2852013
    (Art.15)
    xvi] OnelaminatedcolouredPancardofPanduPoraNarote
    (Art.16)

    42] HefurtheridentifiedthearticlesbeforetheCourtwhich
    wereseizedfromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMishra.
    Thesearticlesareasunder:

    i] Brown coloured envelop having seal of the court, one


    sealedenvelop(Art.39)bearingsealandsignatureofScientific
    OfficerForensicScienceLaboratoryGovernmentofMaharashtra
    Mumbaidated1522014

    ii] Whiteenvelop(Exh.138),
    iii] Sandiskmemorycardof16GB(Art.137).

    43] He stated that the above articles were seized from the
    possessionofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,accusedno.2PanduNarote
    and accused no.3 Hem Mishra in presence of panchas and after
    completing panchanama FIR was lodged by him vide Crime
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    35 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    no.3017/2013atPoliceStation,Aheriandfurtherinvestigationwas
    carriedoutbyP.W.11SDPOSuhasBawche.

    44] Duringcrossexamination,headmittedthat carboncopy


    ofprintedFIRmighthavebeenpreparedandhecannotsaywhether
    theentriesinColumn3Subclause(b)&(c)areindifferentinkand
    thewriterisalsodifferent. Hewasshownpageno.313ofcarbon
    copyofFIR(Exh.221). Hestatedthatthesignaturesonthecarbon
    copyisoriginalandentryinColumn3(b)(c)arewrittensubsequently.
    HeadmittedthatinColumn3clause(c)therearesomeoverwritings
    andinthecarboncopytheyeariswrittenwiththehelpofcarbonbut
    theentryingeneraldiaryiswritteninhandwritingandthesaidthree
    entriesareindifferentink.Hedoesnotrememberwhethertheentire
    FIRwasscribedandthenthesethreeentrieswerewritten.Hestated
    thattheFIRwasscribedbyP.W.15NarendraDubeandhedoesnot
    remember who was the station diary incharge on the day when
    presentFIRwasregistered.Theydidnottakeentryinstationdiary
    inPoliceStation,Aheriwhentheaccusedweregivingunsatisfactory
    answers.

    45] He admittedthat the information wasgiven through PI


    AnilBadgujar(P.W.10)toShitalprasadDubey(P.W.15).Hedoesnot
    rememberwhetherDubey(P.W.15)hadwrittensomethingwhenthe
    informationwaspassedthroughhim. Hemighthavetaken2to3
    minutesforpassingtheinformationandP.W.10P.I.Badgujargavethe
    sameinformationtoDubey.P.W.10PIBadgujarsaidthatFIRwasto
    be registered and they simultaneously started making panchanama
    andhespecificallydidnotgiveinstructionstoDubeytoregisterFIR.
    HeadmittedthatFIRwastypedbywriterofP.W.10PIBadgujarand
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    36 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    hehasnotstatedinFIRthatwhenthepersonalsearchofaccusedwas
    startedandbywhomitwastakenandnameofpanchasandtitlesof
    pamphletsallegedtobeseizedfromaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiand
    company,makeanduniqueidentificationmarkofMemorycard.He
    admittedthatinMaoistgroupseverypartymemberhasaliasname
    andnormallytheyusealiasname.

    46] He denied that some portion of printed FIR was kept


    blankandthereafterhesignedthesameandhestatedthatasthe
    incidenttookplacebefore2years,hedoesnotrememberexactlyand
    theentryinColumn3(b)andtimethereinandcolumn3(c)areanti
    timeandwrittensubsequentlyonfuturedates.Hedeniedthaton22
    82013 he did not arrest accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki, no.2 Pandu
    Naroteandno.3HemMishranearAheribusstandandtheywerenot
    takentoPoliceStationandaccusedno.3HemMishrawasarrestedon
    BallarshaRailwayStationatabout930p.m.on2082013andhe
    waskeptinillegalcustodyfortwodaysandon2382013allaccused
    were taken to Aheri Police Station and they were arrested. He
    denied that nothing was seized from the possession of any of the
    accusedandfalsepanchanamawaspreparedwiththehelpofhabitual
    panchas and till 2382013 they were not taken to Aheri Police
    Stationandtheywerenotarrested.Hedeniedthatasnopanchanama
    waspreparedpriortolodgingofFIR,hence,itwasnotmentionedin
    theFIRandon22.8.2013P.W.10PIBadgujarandP.W.15Dubeywere
    notpresentinAheriPoliceStation.

    47] ShriAnilDigambarBadgujar(P.W.10)isthePoliceOfficer
    attached to Aheri Police Station who recorded FIR lodged by the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    37 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    informantAtulAvhad(P.W.6)hasstatedinhisexaminationatExh.226
    thaton2282013PSIAtulAvhad(P.W.6)cametoAheriPoliceStation
    alongwiththree accusedpersons(Accusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2
    PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishra)andPSIAtulAvhadtoldthat
    accusednos.1to3were having concernwithMaoistorganization
    andtheywereexchangingsomeimportantmessagesandimportant
    thingsbetweenthemandtheyfoundtwopersonsatAheribusstopin
    secludedplace.Hence,hecalledtwopanchasandtooktheirpersonal
    search.OnepersontoldhisnameasMaheshTirki,secondtoldhis
    nameasPanduNaroteandthirdtoldhisnameasHemMishra. He
    stated that from the possession of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki one
    moneypurseofbrowncolourcontaining cashofRs.60/, platform
    ticketdated2852013Art.17,onexeroxcopyofidentitycardArt.19,
    one platform ticket of Ballarsha Art.18, one mobile of Macromax
    company Art.138 and three naxalpamphletsArts.139to141were
    seizedunderseizurepanchanamaExh.137.

    48] Thereafter,hetookpersonalsearchofaccusedno.2Pandu
    NaroteandfromhispossessioncashofRs.1,400/,electionidentity
    card,Art.3 Lokmat newspaperdated20thAugust,2013,Art.4xerox
    copy of ration card, Art.5 residence and caste certificate of Pandu
    Narote,Art.6SchoolleavingcertificateofPanduPoraNarote,Art.7
    castecertificateofPanduNarote,Art.8birthcertificateinthenameof
    Pandu Pora Narote, Art.2, birth certificate in the name of Ku.
    Karishma Pandu Narote, one money purse Art.11, xerox copy of
    electioncardofPanduPoraNarote,PanCardofPanduPoraNarote
    Art.13,drivinglicenseofPanduP.NaroteArt.14,oneplatformticket
    ofBallarshastationdated2852013Art.15,onelaminatedcoloured
    PancardofPanduPoraNaroteArt.16,oneumbrellaArt.9,onepass
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    38 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    bookofStateBankofIndiainthenameofPanduNaroteArt.1,the
    documents,UmbrellaandPassbookandoneplasticpacketofKaveri
    SeedsArt.143wereseized.

    49] Thereafter,hetook personalsearchofaccusedno.3Hem


    Mishra in presence of panchas and during the personal search,
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra found in possession of incriminating
    articlesincluding16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyandkodak
    camera alongwith charger those were seized in presence of panch
    witnessP.W.1SantoshBawneunderseizure panchanama(Exh.137)
    andseizedarticlesweresealed.Heidentifiedthearticlesi.e.16GB
    memorycard of Sandisk company at Art.137, Pan card of accused
    no.3HemMishraatArt.32,twoIdentitycardsofJNUUniversityat
    Art.33and35,oneATMcardatArt.34A,travelcardofDelhiMetroat
    Art.36,RailwayticketofDelhitoBallarshaatArt.37dated19.8.2013
    andxeroxcopyofelectionidentitycardatArt.38beforetheCourt.

    50] He stated that all articles seized from possession of


    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and accused no.2 Pandu Narote were
    sealed in presence of panchas under panchanama Exh.137 dated
    2282013andaftercompletionofpanchanama,FIRwaslodgedby
    P.W.6PSIAvhadvideCrimeno.3017/2013atPoliceStation,Aheri.

    51] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel. Inhiscrossexaminationheadmittedthatpanchanamasof
    personalsearchofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteand
    no.3 Hem Mishra were made by different police officers and
    panchanamas (Exh.227 to 229) bear the date 2382013 and in
    panchanamas(Exh.227to229)FIRnumber,dateofarrestandtime
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    39 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    arewrittenindifferenthandwritinganddifferentpenanditoccurred
    bymistake.Headmittedthatinthepanchanama,itisnotwrittenthat
    threepamphletsArt.139to141wereseizedfromthehandofaccused
    no.1MaheshTirki.Headmittedthathewasinchargeofinvestigation
    till 2582013 and further investigation was handed over to SDPO
    SuhasBawche(P.W.11)andastheoffencewasregisteredunderUAPA,
    hehaddrawnonlythepanchanamaandthereafterinvestigationwas
    handedovertoSDPOSuhasBawche(P.W.11).Headmittedthathe
    didnotseethedatainthememorycardbyopeningitoncomputeror
    laptopandhewasnotknowingthefactthatthedatainmemorycard
    was protected by password and he came to know about the same
    whenthememorycardwassenttoCFSL.

    52] Hedeniedthaton2282013hewasnotpresentinthe
    PoliceStation,andhence,onpanchanamathedate2382013was
    written and till preparation of panchanama, FIR and station diary
    entries were not taken down and nothing was seized from the
    possessionofanyoftheaccusedandfalsepanchanamawasprepared
    withthe help ofhabitualpanchasandtill2382013theywerenot
    takentoAheriP.S.andon2282013healongwithDubeywasnot
    presentinAheriP.S.andhedeniedthathedeposedfalselyagainstthe
    accusedattheinstanceofSDPOP.W.11SuhasBawche. Hedenied
    thatnopamphletswerefoundinpossessionofaccusedno.1Mahesh
    andthosewerebroughtsubsequentlytosupportthepanchanama.

    53] Theevidenceofpanchwitness SantoshBawne(P.W.1) in
    whosepresencearticleswereseizedfromthepossessionofaccused
    no.1 Mahesh Tirki, No.2 Pandu Narote and no.3 Hem Mishra was
    recordedon27.10.2015andthereafter,prosecutionhasfiledoriginal
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    40 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    sanction order (Exh.349) in respect of accused no.6 Saibaba on


    record and on 14.12.2015 prosecution filed application for re
    examinationofthiswitnessvideExh.151.Thedefenceadvocatefor
    accusedNo.6gavenoobjectionforreexamination,hencebypassing
    orderonExh.151on4.1.2016thewitnessSantoshBawne(P.W.1)was
    reexaminedon5.1.2016atExh.136.

    54] SantoshNanajiBawne(P.W.1)isthepanchwitnessonthe
    pointofpersonalsearchofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,No.2Pandu
    NaroteandNo.3HemMishra.InhisexaminationinchiefatExh.136
    Santosh (P.W.1) has stated thathewascalledon 2282013inthe
    Policestation,Aheriforthepurposeoftakingpersonalsearchofthree
    accusedpersonswhowerearrestedbyAheripoliceandhehadgone
    toAheriPoliceStationbetween600to630p.m.intheeveningand
    anotherpanch witnessUmajiwaspresentthere,accusednos.1to3
    werepresentinPoliceStationandpolicefirstaskedthenametothree
    accusedpersonsandthereaftertookpersonalsearchofeachaccused
    person in his presence, these persons told their names as Mahesh
    Tirki,PanduNarote andHemMishra(Accusedno.1Mahesh,no.2
    Panduandno.3HemMishra).

    55] Hestatedthatpolicetookpersonalsearchofaccusedno.1
    MaheshTirkiandfromhispossessionthreepaperpamphlets(Articles
    139to141),onemobilephone,cashamountRs.60/,platformticket
    ofBallarshaRailwaystationandelectionidentitycardwereseized.
    Thereafter,policetookpersonalsearchofaccusedno.2PanduNarote
    andfromhispossession,onemobilephone,cashofRs.1480/from
    the backside pocket of his trouser, one bank passbook, domicile
    certificate, hisbirth certificate andbirthcertificateofhisdaughter,
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    41 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    oneumbrella,oneplatformticketofBalarshastation,oneduplicate
    driving license of four wheeler and his election identity card were
    seized. ThereafterpolicetookpersonalsearchofaccusedNo.3and
    seizurepanchanamatothateffectwaspreparedatExh.137.Hehas
    correctly identified accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and accused no.2
    Pandu Narote and accused No.3 Hem Mishra present before the
    Court.

    56] Santosh Nanaji Bawne (P.W.1) identified all the articles


    beforetheCourtwhichwereseizedfrompersonalsearchofaccused
    no.2PanduNarote.Theseareasunder:

    i] OnepassbookofStateBankofIndiainthenameof
    PanduNarote(Art.1)
    ii] BirthcertificateinthenameofKarishmaPandu(Art.2)
    iii] Lokmatnewspaperdated20August,2013(Art.3)
    iv] Xeroxcopyofrationcard(Art.4)
    v] ResidenceandcastecertificateofPanduNarote(Art.5)
    vi] SchoolleavingcertificateofPanduPoraNarote(Art.6)
    vii] CastecertificateofPanduNarote(Art.7)
    viii] BirthcertificateinthenameofPanduPoraNarote(Art.8)
    ix] Oneumbrella(Art.9)
    x] Samsungmobile(Art.10)
    xi] Onemoneypurse(Art.11)
    xii] XeroxcopyofelectioncardofPanduPoraNarote(Art.12)
    xiii] PanCardofPanduPoraNarote(Art.13)
    xiv] DrivinglicenseofPanduP.Narote(Art.14)
    xv] OneplatformticketofBallarshastationdated2852013
    (Art.15)
    xvi] OnelaminatedcolouredPancardofPanduPoraNarote
    (Art.16)

    57] He further identified all the articles before the Court


    whichwereseizedfromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirki.Theseareasunder:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    42 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    i] Micromaxcompanyandonebrowncolouredmoney
    purseseizedfromthetrouserofMaheshTirki(Art.17)
    ii] OneplatformticketofBallarshadated2852013
    (Art.18)
    iii] OnexeroxcopyofelectioncardinthenameofMahesh
    KarimanTirki(Art.19)

    58] Santosh Nanaji Bawne (P.W.1) further identified all the


    articlesbeforetheCourtwhichwereseizedfromthepersonalsearch
    ofaccusedno.3HemMishra.Theseareasunder:
    i] 16GBmemorycardofSandiskComapny(Art.137)
    ii] Onecamerawithcharger(Art.30)
    iii] OneCentralLibrarymembershipcard(Art.33),
    iv] OneStateBankATMcardwithcoverinthenameofHem
    Mishra(Art.34A)
    v] OneidentitycardofJawaharlalNeharuUniversityinthe
    nameofHemMishramwithhisphoto(Art.35)
    vi] OnetravelcardofDelhiMetro(Art.36)
    vii] OnetrainticketfromNewDelhitoBallarshadated
    1982013(Exh.37)
    viii] OnexeroxcopyofelectionI.D.inthenameofHem
    Mishra(Art.38)

    59] SantoshNanajiBawne(P.W.1)wascrossexaminedbythe
    learneddefencecounsel.Inhiscrossexamination,headmittedthat
    aftersigningthepanchanamahewaspresentinpolicestationfor10
    minutesandcontentsofExh.138werewrittenentirelyinhispresence
    andthereafterhesignedonit. Headmittedthathesignedonthe
    panchanama i.e. on two papers and that after signing the
    panchanama, he put his signature on envelop. He admitted that
    thereisroadonbothsidesandtherearepanstallsandhotelnear
    AheribusstandandP.W.10PIAnilBadgujardidnotpersonallycome
    to call him but one Major called him. He admitted that in the
    panchanamaitiswrittenthatP.W.10AnilBadgujarhadcalledhimin
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    43 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    police station and one Major Dube (P.W.15) told him that he was
    calledbyP.W.10AnilBadgujarandDubeMajor(P.W.15)hadbeento
    himwiththemessageofAnilBadgujar.Headmittedthathedidnot
    make any enquiry with police as to which questions were put to
    accusedwhowerearrestedbythemandinthepanchanamaitwas
    writtenthattherewerethreepaperpamphletsinthehandofaccused
    no.1MaheshTirki.Headmittedthatbeforerecordingofhisevidence
    hehadnooccasiontoknowpoliceofficerRameshDhumal(P.W.23)by
    faceandhedidnotmeetpoliceofficerDhumalon472014inPolice
    Station, Aheri and on 1172014 also he did not meet him. He
    admittedthathedidnotgotoAheriPoliceStationon472014andin
    July2014hehadbeentoAheriPoliceStationforonepanchanama
    andhedidnotrememberthenameofaccusedinthatcaseandfor
    whatpurposehehadbeentoAheriPoliceStationinJuly,2014.

    60] Santosh Nanaji Bawne (P.W.1) admitted that he was in


    serviceofHomeguardatAheriPoliceStationforlastthreeyearsand
    heisinserviceofHomeguardonthedayofrecordingofhisevidence
    andhedoesnothavepersonalknowledgeaboutdigitalstoragemedia
    andhedoesnotknowdifferencebetweencardreader,bluetoothpen
    drive and memorycard andhe cannot identifythe unique identity
    storage capacity of the different electronic media appliances. He
    denied that he had signed on the plain packet and he is habitual
    panch of police and Dube (P.W.15) had requested him to act as a
    panch and he was not present in Police Station at the time of
    preparing panchanama and Major Dube (P.W.15) had taken his
    signaturesonblankpapersandnothingwasseizedinhispresence
    from the possession of any of the accused before the court. The
    omission regarding the word hand is brought on record by the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    44 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    defence. Hedeniedthatnothingwasfoundinthehandofaccused
    no.1MaheshTirkiandhencethe word'hand'isnotwritteninthe
    panchanama.Hedeniedthathestatedfalselyaboutthecontentsof
    panchanamaandhehadnotgonetopolicestationandnothingwas
    seizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2Pandu
    Naroteandno.3HemMishra.Hedeniedthatpanchanama(Exh.137)
    waspreparedbyPoliceOfficerKawleandP.W.23RameshDhumalin
    his presence. He denied that on 2282013 no panchanama was
    preparedinhispresenceandhissignatureswerealsonottakenand
    panchanama Exh.137 does not bear his signature and he was not
    presentatthetimeofanypanchanamaandnothingwasseizedinhis
    presence.

    StationHouseOfficer[S.H.O.]

    61] ASINarendraShitalprasadDube(P.W.no.15)wasattached
    to Police Station, Aheri as a Station Diary incharge and in his
    examinationatExh.308hasstatedthaton2282013hewasattached
    to Police Station, Aheri, District Gadchiroli and he was on station
    diary duty from 1800 hours to2200hoursandat that time,PSI
    Avhad(P.W.6)hadcomeinPoliceStation,Aheriwiththreesuspected
    persons and took them in chamber ofP.W.10PIAnil Badgujar. PI
    Badgujar(P.W.10)toldhimtotakeentryinthestationdiaryabout
    thosethreepersonsandaccordinglyhetookentryno.29/2013at18
    35hoursvideExh.275Aandthereafter,PIAnilBadgujar(P.W.10)told
    himthatinformantPSIAtulAvhad(P.W.6)cametohimandlodged
    reportagainstthosepersonsvideExh.219andonthebasisofthat
    report, he registered FIR vide Crime no.3017/2013 against the
    accusedpersons.
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    62] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel.Inhiscrossexaminationheadmittedthatthesealofpolice
    stationisinthecustodyofMalkhanaMoharirandhedoesnotknow
    whether there is movement register of seal in police station. He
    deniedthatreportExh.220andFIRExh.221werepreparedon238
    2013at200p.m.attheinstanceofhissuperiorhestatedthatafter
    seizureofthemuddemalarticlesfromthepersonalsearchofaccused
    no.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishrathose
    weredepositedbyPoliceInspectorAnilBagujar(P.W.10)withGanesh
    Rathod(P.W.13),MuddemalClerkofAheriPoliceStation.

    MuddemalClerk

    63] Ganesh Keshav Rathod (P.W.13), who was working as


    MuddemalClerkofAheriPoliceStationinhisexaminationatExh.297
    statedthatinthemonthofAugust2013hewasattachedtoPolice
    Station,AheriasMuddemalMoharir(PropertyClerk)andon228
    2013PoliceInspectorAnilBadgujar(P.W.10)ofAheriPoliceStation
    depositedpropertyofCrimeno.3017/2013intheMalkhanaandhe
    receivedthesameandgavepropertyno.12/2013toitandtakennote
    ofpropertyinmuddemalregisterandcopyofthesaidregisterisfiled
    onrecordatExh.276Aandoutofthispropertythreepamphletswere
    taken out and he had given the same to Mr.Badgujar (P.W.10) for
    attaching the same with chargesheet and entry to that effect was
    takeninmuddemalregister.Thosepamphletswererelatingtonaxal
    activitiesandhehasidentifiedthesameatArticlesno.139,140and
    141.Hestatedthathedepositedthesaidmuddemalon13102015
    inSessionsCourt,GadchiroliandpreparedinvoicechallanExh.135
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    andthesamewasverifiedbythePropertyClerkofDistrictCourtand
    gavereceiptaboutdepositingofpropertyoncarboncopyofinvoice
    challan(Exh.302).HebroughttheoriginalregisterbeforetheCourt
    andthecopiesarefiledonrecord,thosewereverifiedfromoriginal
    registerandfoundtobecorrect.

    64] OnperusalofextractofmuddemalregisteratExh.276Ait
    reveals that in the entry no.12/2013 dated 22.8.2013 there is
    description of seized property in crime no.3017/2013 seized from
    accusedno.1MaheshTirkiwhichisasunder:

    i] OnepamphletwritteninredinkwrittenbyCPI(Maoist)
    ii] One pamphlet of heading, Amar Shahidoko Lal Salam by
    DandakaryanyaZonelCommitteeCPI(Maoist)I
    iii] Pamphlet in respect of Khairlanji incident of CPI (Maoist)
    MaharashtraState
    iv] OneMicromaxmobile
    v] onepacketcontainingcashRs.60/andoneplatformticketdtd
    28.5.2013 of Ballarshah Railwaystation, xerox of election
    votingcard.

    65] The property seizedfromaccusedno.2Pandu Narote is


    mentionedasunder:

    i] oneSamsungmobile,
    ii] onepackethavingcashRs.1480/,xeroxofelectioncard,RC
    book ofvehicleno.MH33/K9656,pancard,platformticketof
    BallarshahRailwaystationdt28.5.2013,
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    47 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    iii] one plastic bag containing pass book, birth certificate, birth
    certificate of accused Pandu, leaving certificate, domicile
    certificate,rationcard,lokmatpaper,umbrella.

    66] The property seized from accused no.3 Hem Mishra is


    mentionedasunder:

    i] AmountRs.7700/,16GBSandiskmemorycard,Railwayticket
    ofBallarshahtoDelhidt.19.8.2013,ATMcardofSBI,pancard,
    electioncard,IcardofJawaharlalNeharuUniversityetc.
    ii] OneKodakcompanydigitalcamerawithcharger
    iii] Onebagcontainingclothes,speccover,whitecap,newspaperdt
    19.8.2013 etc. In column no.11, it is mentioned that said
    propertiesweredepositedon13.10.2015intheCourt.

    67] He was crossexamined by the learned defence counsel


    andinhiscrossexaminationheadmittedthathecannotsaywithout
    seeingtheregisterastowhohaddepositedthepropertywithhimand
    inwhichCrimenumberandhedoesn'tknowwhetherthenameofthe
    officerwithCrimenumberismentionedandon12.8.2013hemade
    last entry prior to the entry in crime no.3017/2013 and from
    12.8.2013 to 8.9.2013 there are only two entries regarding two
    crimes. Headmittedthatintheinvoicechallanitisnotmentioned
    thatpropertywassealedandmakeofthesealwasnotmentionedand
    hedidnotmakeentryinwritingaboutthefactthattheclerkofthe
    District court asked him to open the seal while depositing the
    property. Headmittedthatinmuddemalregisterthereisnoentry
    abouthandingoverofthreepamphletstoShriBadgujar(P.W.10)and
    therearesomeoverwritingsinthemuddemalregisterandthesaid
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    48 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    overwritingsweremadebyhimattwoplacesandwhentheproperty
    wasdepositedinMalkhanaatthattime,itwassealedandmakeof
    thesealwasnotmentioned.Hewasshownmuddemalregisterand
    entrydated26.8.2013whichisinhishandwritingandthenameof
    P.W.5RavindraKumbharewaswrittenthereon.

    68] Hedeniedthatfromtimetotimehedidnothandoverthe
    property to carrier and received the same and all these entries in
    MuddemalregisterweremadeattheinstanceofP.W.11ShriBawche.
    Hefurtherdeniedthatasthepropertywasnotinsealedcondition
    andmakeofthesealwasnotmentioned,hencehedidnotmention
    thesameinmuddemalregister.

    Independentwitness

    69] Raju Poriya Atram (P.W.9) is a worker in Ballarpur


    Industries Limited and Paper Mill. In his examinationinchief at
    Exh.225hehasstatedthathewasdoingthejobofBamboocutting
    androadworkandhewasSupervisorinBallarpurIndustriesLimited
    and Paper Mill Ltd. In the year 2007 he was transferred from
    BhamragadrangetoJambiyagattaandintheyear2013therewasa
    camp at Murewada where he came in contact with accused no.2
    PanduNaroteandaccusedno.1MaheshTirki.Hestatedthatoneday
    accused no.2 Pandu Narote came to him and told that lady naxal
    Narmadakkahadcalledhimandhetoldaccusedno.2PanduNarote
    that he would go with him after 23 days and after 23 days he
    alongwithaccusedno.2PanduwenttoforestareaofTodalgattaon
    motorcycleandreachedthereatabout700p.m.andafterhalfan
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    49 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    hour, one lady by name Narmadakka came there, he was not


    knowingherandhecouldnotidentifyherasitwasdark.

    70] Hestatedthataccusedno.2PanduNarotetoldhimthat
    sheisNarmadakkaandsheaskedhimthatwhetherhewouldhand
    overRs.5Lakhstoaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote
    by meeting at Ballarsha Railway Station and Narmadakka handed
    overmoneyinthepacketandhedidnotcountthesaidmoney.He
    statedthaton27thofthatmonthaccusedno.2Panduandaccused
    no.1MaheshhadcometohishouseatAlapalliandtoldhimthathe
    should come at Ballarsha Railway Station along with said money
    which he had receivedfromNarmadakkaandon next dayleft his
    house. On 2952013 he left by bus at 600 a.m. and reached
    BallarshaRailwayStation at1000a.m.,accusedno.1Maheshand
    no.2PanduweresittinginthehallofRailwayStation,hewentand
    satwiththemandthereaftertwounknownpersonscamethereand
    accused no.2 Pandu went to them and discussed with them and
    thereafter, accused no.2 Pandu came to him and took the money
    packetandgavetoonepersonoutofthem.Outofthosetwopersons,
    one person, he himself and accused no.1 Mahesh came back to
    Alapalliandtheycametohishouseandtooksomefoodandaccused
    No.1leftforbusstand.Heidentifiedcorrectlyaccusedno.2Pandu
    Narote and accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki amongst the six accused
    personswhowerepresentbeforethecourt.

    71] Inhiscrossexaminationbythelearneddefencecounsel
    headmittedthatinthemonthofAugust,2013hewasdeputedat
    C.O.Office,Alapalliandon2082013policeofAheriPoliceStation
    cametohimforinterrogationandhewastakeninPolicestationin
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    50 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    custodyand whenhe wasaskedtositinthePolicestation,Aheri,


    P.S.I.toldhimthatSahebwouldcomeandhewouldinterrogatewith
    him.HisrelativebynamePapatelephonedtoDr.Kanna abouthis
    detentioninPoliceStation,AheriandhewastakeninPoliceStation
    becausepolicecametoknowfrominterrogationofaccusedthathe
    handed over Rs.5 lacks received from Narmadakka at Ballarsha
    RailwayStation.Headmittedthatwhenon21sthewasagaincalled
    inpolicestation,atthattime,accusedno.2PanduNaroteandno.1
    MaheshTirkiwerenotpresentinthepolicestationandon21sthe
    himselfhadgonetopolicestationAherionhisownashewastoldby
    policeatthetimeofreleasinghimon20ththatheshouldcomeon
    21st.

    72] Hedeniedthatfrom2082013to2582013hedidnot
    sign muster roll at his office i.e. C.O. Office, Alapalli of Ballarpur
    PaperMillandfrom20thto25thhewasatpolicestationandhedid
    notattendhisdutiesandaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2Pandu
    Narotedidnotcometohimanddidnottelltheabovefactsandhe
    didnotgotoBallarshaRailwayStationalongwithcashofRs.5lacs
    and did not give it to the person acquainted with accused no.1
    MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteasdirectedbyNarmadakka.

    Confessional Statements of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and


    accusedno.2PanduNarote

    73] According to prosecution after arrest of accused no.1


    MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote,theyexpressedtheirdesireto
    make confessional statements before Magistrate and Investigating
    Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche made application to J.M.F.C. Aheri
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    51 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas for recordingthe statement ofaccusedno.1


    MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteunderSection164oftheCr.P.C.
    and thereafter produced both the accused before J.M.F.C., Aheri
    P.W.12Vyasforrecordingtheirstatementson4.9.2013andthereafter
    J.M.F.C., Aheri P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas recorded confessional
    statementsofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteafter
    following due procedure of law. To prove this aspect prosecution
    reliedontheevidenceof

    Sr. Witness NameofWitness ExhibitNo.


    No. no.
    1 P.W.11 Investigating Officer Suhas 235
    PrakashBawche
    2 P.W.12 J.M.F.C.,AheriNileshwarVyas 277

    EVIDENCE

    74] InvestigatingOfficerSuhasPrakashBawche(P.W.11) was


    Sub Divisional Police Officer of Aheri. He in his examination at
    Exh.235 stated that on 2282013 offence was registered in Crime
    no.3017/2013atAheriPoliceStationunderSections13,20&39of
    UAPAandunderSection120(B)ofI.P.C.andasperdirectionsofS.P.
    Gadchirolihereceivedinvestigationofthecrimeandon2382013he
    tookPCRofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteandno.3
    HemMishraandduringinterrogationaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiand
    no.2PanduNaroteexpressedtheirwillingnesstoconfesstheirguilt,
    henceon292013hehadgivenletter(Exh.242)totheJMFCAheri
    (P.W.12NileshwarVyas)torecordstatementsofaccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirkiandno.2PanduNaroteunderSec.164ofCr.P.C.andon149
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    52 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    2013 he recorded statement of witness Raju Atram (P.W.9) and


    thereafter he received sealed envelop from JMFC Aheri about
    recordingofstatementsu/s164ofCr.P.C.

    75] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythedefence. Inhis


    crossexamination he admitted that he did not file say on the
    applicationofretractionofconfessionbyaccusedashewasnotasked
    to file the say. He admitted that DIG Ravindra Kadam had also
    interrogatedtheaccusedinthepresentcaseandduringinvestigation
    accusedweretakentoofficeofSuperintendentofPolice,Gadchiroli,
    DIG office Gadchiroli and Naxal Cell, Gadchiroli for interrogation
    purpose. He denied that confession statements of accused were
    recorded by torture and influence and by threatening them and
    whenevertheywerebroughttocourtandconfessionalstatementsof
    boththeaccusedweregotrecordedunderthetortureandinfluence
    of police and each time when they were produced before the
    Magistrate, police were pressurizing them for making confessional
    statements.

    76] P.W.12 Nileshwar Gaurishankar Vyas, the Judicial


    Magistrate,FirstClass,Aherirecordedtheconfessionalstatementsof
    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote. He in his
    examinationatExh.277statedabouttheprocedurefollowedbyhim
    whilerecordingtheconfessionalstatementofbothaccused,indetail.
    Hestatedthataccusedno.2MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduPoraNarote
    were produced before him on 2382013. Thereafter they were
    remanded to MCR on 292013 and on 292013 the investigating
    officer Aheri made application before him for recording the
    confessionalstatementsofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2Pandu
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    53 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Naroteandhence,heinformedboththeaccusedaboutthesameand
    askedthemtothinkaboutmakingofconfession. Onthatdaythey
    were willing to make confession but he did not record their
    statementsashewantedtogivethemreflection timetothinkover
    andhe madeitknowntobothaccusedthatiftheyweretomake
    confessional statements then that could be used against them and
    after personal verification of both of them, they showed their
    willingness about the confession of their guilt and hence, he had
    given them time till 492013 and hence both the accused were
    producedbeforehimon492013.

    77] He stated that on 492013, both accused i.e. accused


    nos.1MaheshandNo.2Panduwereproducedbythepolicebefore
    himwhowerenotconnectedwithinvestigationofthiscaseat530
    p.m. Accused no.2 Pandu Narote was produced at 500 p.m. and
    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki was produced on 530 p.m. by Head
    ConstableAnwarQureshiB.no.1163andhehasmentionedthetime
    of productionofboththeaccusedandafterproductionofaccused
    no.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotehehasplacedtheminto
    witnessboxonebyoneandtakenprecautionthatboththeaccused
    andpolicewerenotaudibleandvisibletoeachotherandappraised
    boththeaccusedthattheywerenotinpolicecustodyormagisterial
    custody.Heaskedboththeaccusedonebyonewhethertheyhadany
    illtreatment in police custody and whether they were induced by
    policetomakeconfessionalstatementsbuttheyrepliedinnegative.

    78] Hestatedthatheinformedaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiand
    no.2PanduNarotethatheisaMagistrateandhehasnoconcernwith
    policeandtoldbothofthemthattheywerenotinpolicecustodyand
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    askedthemwhethertheyhavebeeninducedbypoliceoranyother
    personsresponsiblefortheirarrest,towhichtheyrepliedinnegative.
    Heaskedthemthathewantedtoexaminetheirpersonalbodyand
    accusedrepliedinaffirmativeandthereafterheexaminedpersonal
    bodyofboththeaccused.

    79] Heputcertainquestionstoboththeaccusedonebyone
    and prepared their memorandum statements separately and noted
    downallthequestionsandanswersasstatedbythemandexamined
    them one by one when the other accused was out of the court.
    Memorandumregardingquestionsandanswersputtoaccusedno.2
    Pandu Narote is at Exh.278 andmemorandumregardingquestions
    andanswersputtoaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiisatExh.279.

    80] He stated that first of all he had asked accused no.1


    Mahesh Kariman Tirki when he was arrested by the police and
    accused replied that before 15 days approximately. He asked him
    whetherhewaskeptundersurveillancebypolicetowhichaccused
    no.1Maheshrepliedinnegative.Heaskedaccusedno.1Maheshsince
    whenhewasinthecustodyofthepoliceandaccusedrepliedthathe
    was in magisterial custody at that time. He asked accused no.1
    Maheshatwhatplaceshewaskeptbypolicetowhichaccusedreplied
    thatatpolicestationAheri.Thereafterheaskedaccuseddidhewish
    to make the confessional statement to which accused replied in
    affirmative. Thenheaskedhimwhetherthereflectiontimeoftwo
    days was sufficient or not. Accused replied in affirmative. He
    explainedhimthathewasnotboundtomakeastatementandthere
    wasnocompulsionthatheshouldmakeastatement. Heexplained
    accusedthatifhemakesastatementthenitwouldberecordedandit
    wouldbeusedasevidenceagainsthim.Accusedunderstoodthesame.
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    81] Then he explained that even if he would not make a


    confession,hewouldnotbekeptinpolicecustodyandalsoasked
    whether he was given threat, promise or allurement by police for
    making confessional statement to which he replied in negative.
    ThereafterheaskedaccusedMaheshthatwhetherhewasmakingthe
    statementvoluntarilyandwithhisfreeownwillandaccusedreplied
    intheaffirmative.Heaskedaccusedno.1Maheshthatwhetherhe
    hadanycomplaint,grievanceagainstanybodyandaccusedrepliedin
    thenegativeandaftergettingsatisfactoryanswersfromtheaccused,
    hesatisfiedthataccusedno.1Maheshwasgoingtomakestatement
    voluntarilyandwithhisownfreewill. Herecordedthestatement
    givenbyaccusedno.1MaheshTirki.

    82] Inthesaidconfessionalstatementaccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirkistatedasunder:

    a] That,sincehisbirthhehasbeenresidingatMurewada,
    Tah. Etapalli, Dist. Gadchiroli. Earlierhisfatherandmotherwere
    residinginChhattisgarhStateandthereaftersince2530yearsthey
    startedlivingatMurewada. Inhisfamilytherearethreebrothers,
    threesisters,fatherandmother.Hestudiedupto8thstandard.After
    thatheengagedhimselfinagriculturework.Intheyear20072008
    he along with Rajkumar was doing painting work in the Church
    situated at Ballarshah and said work lasted for 3 months and
    thereafter he did the painting work at Mul, Chandrapur, Virur,
    Awarpurforoneyearandduringthatperiodheusedtoresideoutside
    thevillage.Thereafterhereturnedtohisvillageandthereafterhegot
    married. After marriage for 3 months he went to Turangal
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    (Karnataka)fordoingtheworkofbuildingconstruction.Thereafter
    againhereturnedtohisvillageandstarteddoingagriculturework.

    b] At Murewada naxalites used to come several times in


    month and they used to tell one person of village to make
    arrangement fortheirlunchordinner. The naxalitesusedtotake
    meetinginthevillageandinthesaidmeetingnaxalitesusedtotell
    villagersnottogooutsidevillageforworkandifsomebodygoesfor
    work outside, he would be expelled from village, otherwise whole
    familyofthatpersonwouldbebeatenandtheywouldbeexpelled
    fromthevill81age. Furthertheyusedtotellthemnottocutforest
    wood.Furthertheywereaskingwhetherpolicewereusedtocomein
    thevillage.FurthertheywereaskingwhetherGovernmentwantedto
    digminesanddirectedthevillagerstoopposeit. Amongthesaid
    naxalites Narmadakka, Ramko, Bhaskar and Sinnu used to come
    frequently in the village along withother several naxalites. Every
    yearinJuly28naxalitesusedtocomeintheirvillageandusedtocall
    4to5personsfromthevillageandusedtohavesinginganddancing
    programme.

    c] He further stated that he used to give meals to the


    naxalitesintheforestareaandnaxalitesusedtoputpressureonhim
    todoworktoldbythem. InthatyearinthemonthofMayduring
    season of Tendupatta Pandu Narote met him and told that
    NarmadakkahadcalledthematTodgatta.Onthenextdayatabout
    3.00p.m.hehimselfandPanduwenttoTodgatta. Thereafterone
    personmethimandtheytoldhimthattheycamethereastheywere
    calledbynaxalites.Theywentinthedirectionshownbythatperson
    and they found four naxalite persons. Those persons asked them
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    whethertheyarefromMurewada.Thereaftertheytookthembelow
    the hill in the forest area, there Narmadakka was present.
    Narmadakkatookthematsomedistanceandsheaskedwhetherhis
    nameisMaheshandwhetherhehadseenBallarshaareaorBallarsha
    RailwayStation,thenhetoldher,yes. Sheaskedhimtogoalong
    withPandutoBallarshaRailwayStationon28May2013,wheretwo
    persons were coming and to receive them and to bring them at
    Todgatta. Shetoldhimthatforidentificationofthatpersonthese
    personswouldbehavinghat,spect,bottleofwaterandnewspaper
    and they should be having banana, bottle of water, Marathi
    newspaper and those twopersonswouldcome tothemwouldask
    theirname,thentheyshouldtelltheirnameasRaju.Thereafterthey
    shouldaskhisnameandtheywouldtellhisnameasAkash.Asper
    herdirectionon27May2013hehimselfalongwithPanduproceeded
    forBallarshaandtheycameatAllapalliandhaltedthereinthenight.

    d] Onnextdayi.e.on28May2013atabout6.00a.m.they
    proceededtoBallarshahandafterreachingBallarshahtheypurchased
    Marathinewspaper,bananaandbottleofwaterandthereafterthey
    wentandsatinwaitinghall.InthewaitinghallofRailwayStation
    atabout10.00a.m.onepersoncame,hewashavinghat,specs,bottle
    ofwaterandnewspaperandheaskedhisname,theytoldhisnameas
    RajuandhetoldhisnameasAkash. Outofthemonepersonwas
    havingheight5to6ft.,longhairuptoshoulder,beardandmustache,
    bignose,bigeyes,faircolour,bigface,wearingkurtaandpaijama
    andhavingshoesinhislegs. Otherpersonwashavingshortheight
    than that of first person,without havingbeardandmustache,few
    hairwithsomewhitehair,faircolour,bignose,bigeyes,wellbuilt,
    wearing shirt and pant and was talking in Hindu language. After
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    confirmationtheidentityofthatpersonsatabout11.00a.m.Pandu
    took these two persons at Murewada as per the direction of
    Narmadakka,he haltedthereasonthenextdayon29May2013
    anothertwopersonswerecomingatBallarshahRailwayStationand
    foridentificationofthatNarmadakkahadgiveninstructionasabove.
    Hewasalsotoldthaton29.05.2013RajuAtramalsowouldcometo
    Ballarshah Railway Station and he would be having Rs.5,00,000/
    andheshouldhandoversaidmoneytothatpersonwhowerecoming
    fromDelhi.

    e] On 29.05.2013 at about 9.00 a.m. he along with Raju


    AtramreachedatBallarshaRailwayStationandtheyweresittingin
    thewaitingroomofRailwayStation,atabout10.00a.m.twopersons
    came there and after confirmation the identity as one of the said
    person asked whether he had brought material, he replied yes.
    Thereafter, he took out Rs.5,00,000/ from the bag of Raju and
    handedovertothatpersonandthesaidpersonstookthemoneyand
    lefttheplace.HetookthatanotherpersonandhehimselfandRaju
    proceededtoMurewadabybus.Thesaidpersonwashavingonebig
    bag. Hestatedthedescriptionofthattwoperson,onepersonwas
    havingbaghavingheight5.2ft,withouthavingbeardandmustache,
    wellbuilt,wearingshirtandtalkinginHindilanguage.Otherperson
    washavingheightof6to6.25ft.,faircolour,withouthavingbeardor
    mustache,shorthairsonhead,bigeyes,bignose,bigface,wearing
    shirtandjeanspant,wearingbootonhislegandwastalkinginHindi
    language.Atabout2.00p.m.theyreachedatAllapalliandtooklunch
    atthehouseofRaju,atabout3.00p.m.heproceededalongwiththat
    personatEtapalliandtakenhimtoEtapalli.HestatedthatDharma
    from Gardewada Tola come on motorcycle and they sat on the
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    motorcycleandreachedatMurewadabetween7.00to8.00p.m.In
    the village people were preparing dinner for naxalites. 5 to 6
    naxalites were there and said naxalites took dinner along with
    persons who accompanied withhim and after dinner the naxalites
    tookthatpersonandwentinforest.

    f] Mahesh further stated that on 14 August 2013


    Narmadakkacametohisvillagealongwith15to20naxalitesand
    RajuAtram,andthatoneofthevillagerstoldhimthatNarmadakka
    hadcalledhimandPanduintheforestsituatedoutsidethevillage.
    ThereaftertheywentoutsidethevillageandwhereNarmadakkawas
    presentalongwitharmednaxalites.Narmadakkatoldthemthaton
    20/22August2013twopersonswerecomingtoBallarshahRailway
    Stationandtheywouldcomeeitherat10.00a.m.or2.00p.m.and
    sheaskedtotakethesepeopleatvillageLendarandhaltatthehouse
    ofKomatiBabusituatedatvillageLendarandNarmadakkahadgiven
    onechitforhandingovertosaidpersonswhichwouldbeusedfor
    identification purpose. Furtheridentification purposeshe toldhim
    thattheywouldbehavingMarathinewspaper,umbrella,bananaand
    thosepersonswouldasktheirname,andtheyshouldtelltheirname
    asRajuandthosepersonswouldtelltheirnameasShankar.

    g] Inthemorningatabout9.00a.m.theywenttoBallarshah
    RailwayStation. Theypurchasedonepaper,banana,umbrellaand
    thereafterwenttoRailwayStation,stayedinthewaitingroom. At
    about9.45a.m.personwiththesamedescriptioncamethereandhe
    stayedatsomedistancefromthemandthereafterhecametothem
    andaskedhisname,hetoldnameasRajuandtheyaskedtheirname,
    hetoldhisnameasShankar.Astheyaskedaboutsecondperson,who
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    hadcomealongwithhim,hetoldthathecouldnotcome.Thereafter
    theytookthatpersontoAheribyS.T.busandtheyweretalking,by
    thattimepolicearrestedthem.

    83] He stated that after recordingthe statement of accused


    no.1 Mahesh he took his signatures on each page of confessional
    statement and put his signature below the statement and given
    Certificateno.IinhisownhandwritingasperCriminalManualand
    thereafter,wroteCertificateno.IIinhisownhandwritingexplaining
    totheaccusedno.1Maheshthatheisnotboundtomakeconfession
    andifhedoesso,anyconfession,itmightbeusedasevidenceagainst
    him. The confessio81n was voluntarily made. The said confession
    wasreadoverandexplainedtotheaccusedandheadmitteditas
    correctanditcontainsafullandtrueaccountofstatementsmadeby
    him. Hehadgivencertificateno.IIIinhisownhandwritingonthe
    pointthatHowhesatisfiedthattheconfessionwasgenuine.

    84] He had given the statement that he has certified the


    groundsabouthissatisfactionthataccusedwasmakingtheconfession
    voluntarilywithoutanyallurementorinducementbypoliceandsame
    are noted in his certificate. He stated the grounds on which he
    believedthatconfessionwasgenuinewas

    i] the accused was appearing to be familiar with the court


    whilerecordingentireconfession.
    ii] Accused 81 was without fear, and no favour either to
    prosecutionortheotheraccused.
    iii]Accusedneverhesitated.
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    85] Furtherhehastakenthefollowingprecautiontoremove
    theaccusedfromtheinfluenceofpoliceasfollows:
    i] He told accused that he is independent person not at all
    concernedwithpolice.
    ii]Hetoldaccusedthatheissupposedtorecordhisconfession
    onlyifaccusedmakesvoluntarily.
    iii]Hetoldaccusedthatheisnotboundtomakeconfessionand
    ifherefusetomakehewillnotbesenttopolicecustody.
    Hehadgiventheaccusedtwodaystimeforreflectionbefore
    recording the confession.Thereafter he signed the certificates.The
    confessionofaccusedisatExh.280andhisCertificateI,IIandIIIare
    markedatExh.281,282and283.

    86] He stated thaton892013atabout330p.m.accused


    no.2PanduPoraNarotewasproducedbeforehimforrecordinghis
    statementandwhenaccusedno.2Panduwasproducedbeforehim,
    henoticedthattherewerenopolicemeninthecourtorinanyplace
    andthereafterheaskedsomequestionstotheaccusedasfollowsand
    herepliedthemaccordingly.

    87] He stated that first of all he had asked accused no.2


    PanduPoraNarotewhenhewasarrestedbythepoliceandaccused
    repliedthatbefore18daysapproximately. Heaskedhimaboutthe
    placeofarrestand accusedno.2Pandu repliedthatnearbusstand
    Aheri. He asked him whether he was kept under surveillance by
    police to which accused no.2 Pandu replied in negative. He asked
    accusedno.2Pandusincewhenhewasinthecustodyofthepolice
    andaccusedrepliedthathewasinmagisterialcustodyatthattime.
    Heaskedaccusedno.2Panduatwhatplaceshewaskeptbypoliceto
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    which accused replied that at police station Aheri. He obtained


    consentofaccusedno.2Pandutoexaminehisperson.Thereafterhe
    examined accused. There were no external injuries found on the
    personofaccused.Thereafterheaskedhim,didhewishtomakethe
    statement.Accusedrepliedinaffirmative.Thenheaskedhimwhether
    thereflectiontimeoftwodayswassufficientornot.Accusedreplied
    inaffirmative.Heexplainedhimthathewasnotboundtomakea
    statement and there was no compulsion that he should make a
    statement. Accused answered in affirmative and understood the
    same. He explained accused that if he make a statement then it
    would be recorded and it wouldbe usedasevidence againsthim.
    Accused understood the same. Then he explained that even if he
    wouldnotmakeaconfession,hewouldnotbekeptinpolicecustody.
    Heunderstoodthesameandrepliedaccordingly.Hethenaskedhim,
    hadthepoliceoranyotherpersonthreatenedhim.Accusedrepliedin
    negative.Heaskedhimhadthepoliceoranyotherpersonpromised
    himthatlesserpunishmentwouldbegivenorhewouldbeacquitted,
    ifhemakessuchstatement. Accusedrepliedinnegative. Thenhe
    askedhim,hadthepoliceoranyotherpersonpromisedhimthatifhe
    would make such statement, he would be made as a witness for
    prosecution. Accused replied in negative. Thereafter without
    administeringtheoathtoaccused,herecordedstatementofaccused
    PanduNaroteasstatedbyhim.HisstatementisatExh.286.

    88] Intheconfessionalstatementaccusedno.2PanduNarote
    statedasunder:

    a] Since last 20 years he was residing at Murrewada,


    Tah.Etapalli,District:Gadchiroli. Naxlitesusedtocomefor2to3
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    timesinthemonthinhisvillageandthevillagersandhehimselfused
    to provide required articles to them. Amongst the said naxlites
    Bhaskar, Ramko, Manoj and Narmadakka were there. Before two
    yearsnaxaliteBhaskarcameinhisvillageandBhaskartoldhimto
    bringRadio,Torch,Polythenebagfrommarketandhehandedover
    Rs.1,500/tohimandhepurchasedthearticlesfromtheshopand
    handedovertohim,atthattime,alongwithBhaskar10to15naxlites
    werethere.Beforetwomonthsofrecordingofhisstatementu/s164
    Cr.P.C.,onepersonfromvillageKorgattacameinhisvillageandtold
    him that he and Mahesh were called by Narmadakka at Korgatta.
    Accordingly,hehimselfandMaheshwenttoKorgattaatabout400
    p.m.,whereoneoldpersonmetthemandhetookhimintheforest
    outsideofvillage.

    b] Thereafter they saw Narmadakka and other 15 to 20


    naxlitesarmedwithguns.Atthattime,Narmadakkatoldhimthaton
    28May,2013,twopersonswerecomingfromDelhitoBallarshahby
    Railway and she asked them to go to receive them. Narmadakka
    askedthemtogotoBallarshahRailwayStationandwaitforthemin
    waitingroom.Shefurthertoldthatinordertoidentifythembythose
    twopeopletheyhavetokeepBannana,waterbottleandnewspaper
    and the same article would be with the said person i.e. the said
    personwouldbehavingarticlelikehat,spectandpaperandthese
    person would come to them and they would ask their names and
    thereaftertheyshouldtelltheirnameasRaju.Thereaftertheywere
    directedtoasknameofthesepersonsandtheyweretotellhisname
    asAkashandhewasaskedtotakethesepeopleatMurrewadaand
    Maheshwastohaltthere asonthenextdaytwoanotherpersons
    weretocomefromDelhiandMaheshhastohandoverRs.5,00,000/
    throughRajuAtram,residenceofAlapalli.
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    c] On 27.05.2013 he and Mahesh proceeded to Ballarsha


    andinthatnighttheyhaltedinthehouseofRajuAtramandonnext
    daytheyproceededtoBallarshaatabout900a.m. AttheRailway
    Station, they purchased Banana, water bottle and news paper and
    thereafterwentinthewaitingroomofthesaidRailwayStation.At
    about 1000 a.m. two persons came there as described by
    Narmadakkaandonepersonwashavingbighairuptohisshoulder,
    beard , big face, fair colour, big nose, big eyes, well built, having
    height5.5ft.andhewastalkinginHindiandhewaswearingKurta
    andpantandhavingshoesinhislegs. Secondpersonwasoffair
    colour,withouthavingbeardandmustache,fewhair,bignose,big
    eyes,wellbuiltandfattyandhavingheightmorethan5.5ft.,wearing
    shoesinhislegsandhewastalkinginHindi.Afterconfirmationof
    acquaintancehestartedwiththembybusandwenttoMurewadain
    hishouseatabout4a.m.Inthenight4naxalscametohishouseand
    theyaskedhimwhethertwopersonscamefromDelhi,herepliedin
    affirmative. Thereafter these 4naxalitestookthese two people in
    forestarea. Onthenextdayheremainedinhishouseandonthat
    dayMaheshTirkicametohishousealongwithonepersonwhocame
    fromDelhibetween7.00to8.00p.m.andfromMaheshTirkihecame
    toknowthathehandedoverRs.5,00,000/.

    d] One person whocame fromDelhiwasbroughtbyRaju


    Atramandthereafterthatpersonwentback. Thepersonwhowas
    broughtbyMaheshTirkiathishousewashavingdescriptionwasfair
    colour,slim,shorthairandhewaswearingshirt,pantandshoesand
    beforearrivalofMaheshTirkiofthatpersons,naxaliteshadcometo
    hishousetotakethatpersonandsaidnaxalitepersontoldvillagersto
    preparefoodforthem.Thereafterthesaidnaxalitesandthatperson
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    tookdinnerinthevillage.Furtherthenaxalitesalsotoldthevillagers
    tosenddinnerintheforestareaforothernaxalitesandthereafter
    theylefttheplace.

    e] After 5 to 6 days in between 6.00 to 7.00 p.m. some


    naxalites along with two persons which he had brought from
    BallarshaRailwayStation,cametohishouseandaskedhimtotake
    thattwopersontoAllapalliandthereafterreturnedtohishouse.

    f] On14/15August,2013MaheshTirkicametohishouse
    andtoldhimthathewascalledbyNarmadakkaandthereafterhe
    took him to agricultural land near the village where Narmadakka
    alongwith17to18naxaliteswerepresentthereandNarmadakka
    toldhimthaton20or22Augusttwopersonsweretocomefrom
    Delhi to Ballarsha Railway Station and they were asked to go to
    receivethesepeopleandshetoldthatsaidpersonhavingspecscover,
    hat on the head and newspaper in their hand and for their
    identificationtheyshouldhavebanana,newspaperandumbrellawith
    themandthosepersonswouldtelltheirnameasShankarandthey
    shouldtelltheirnameasRaju. On20/22August2013inbetween
    9.00to10.00a.m.healongwithMaheshwenttoBallarshaandthey
    werehavingumbrellaintheirhandandtheypurchasedbananaand
    newspaper and they were sitting in the waiting room at Ballarsha
    RailwayStation.Atabout10.00a.m.onepersoncametherehaving
    hatinhishead,paperandspecscoverinhishand. Hewashaving
    oneblackcolourbagandheaskedtheirname,theytoldtheirnameas
    RajuandthereafterhetoldhisnameasShankarandtheyconfirmed
    hisidentity.ThereaftertheytookthatpersonandstartedtoAheriin
    S.T.bus. Theyreachedthereandnearbusstandtheyweretalking
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    witheachotherandatthattimepolicearrestedthemandtookthem
    to Police Station. He stated that naxalites used to pressure them,
    assaultthemandtheyusedtodoworkforthem.

    89] J.M.F.C.NileshwarVyas(P.W.12)statedthatatthefootof
    statementhehadgiventhreecertificatesinhisownhandwriting.In
    Certificate I, he certified that the confession was recorded in his
    presenceandhearingandtherecordcontainsafullandtrueaccount
    ofstatementmadebyaccused.InCertificateII,hehaswrittenthathe
    explainedtotheaccusedPanduPoraNarotethathewasnotboundto
    makeconfessionandthatifhewoulddosoanyconfessionmadeby
    himmightbeusedasevidenceagainsthim.Insaidcertificatehehad
    also written that he had the belief that the confession was
    voluntarilymade. Thenhereadover totheaccusedthestatement
    recordedbyhim,accusedunderstoodthesame.Thereafterheaffixed
    hissignaturesbelowCertificateI&II. Certificateno.IIIareinhis
    ownhandwriting. Inthesecertificateshehasmentionedthereason
    astowhyhehadformedtheopinionthattheconfessionwasgenuine.
    Hestatedthegroundsonwhichheformedbeliefthatthestatement
    wasgenuine.Theyareasunder:

    i]theaccusedwastalkingwithouthesitationthroughoutthe
    statement.
    ii]theaccusedwastalkingimpartially.
    iii]theaccusedwasfamiliarwiththecourt.

    90] Hehadtakenfollowingprecautionstoremovetheaccused
    fromtheinfluenceofthepolice.
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    i]Hetoldthataccusedwasnotboundatalltomakeconfession
    andhewouldnotbesenttopolicecustodyatthebehestofrefusingto
    makeit.
    ii]Theaccusedandpolicewerenotvisibleoraudibletoeach
    otherandheexplainedtotheaccusedaboutthesame.
    iii]Hetoldhimthataccusedwasanindependentpersonnotat
    allconcernwiththepolice.
    iv]Hehadgivenhimreflectiontimefor2daysbeforerecording
    confession.

    91] Hestatedthathehadgivenhimreflectiontimefortwo
    daysonrecord,butactuallytheaccusedhadgotfourdaysreflection
    time. Thereafter he affixed signature below the certificates and
    remanded the accused to judicial custody. The Certificate I is at
    Exh.287. CertificateII is at Exh.288. Certificate III is marked at
    Exh.289.

    92] Afterrecordingthesameitwasreadovertotheaccused
    no.2Pandu Narote andhe admittedthe same tobe correct andit
    containsafullandtrueaccountofthestatementmadebyhim. He
    further stated that after recording the statements of accused no.1
    Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote, he has kept it in sealed
    envelop withthecustodyofNazirofcourttobe filedalongwith
    chargesheetandanothercopyofthestatementinsealedcondition
    wasgiventoinvestigatingofficer.

    93] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythedefencecounsel.
    Inhiscrossexaminationheadmittedthatgivinganinducementor
    threatbypoliceofficerisamisconductandalsoabuseofanauthority
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    asapoliceofficer.Noneoftheaccusedhadmadeapplicationbefore
    himabouttheilltreatmentbythepoliceduringinvestigationandin
    thepresentcaseaccusedmadewrittenapplicationbeforehimabout
    theilltreatmentmetedoutbythemafterrecordingtheirstatement
    and he had not taken any action on the basis of their written
    application.Hedidnotcallanyreportfrompoliceofficerbecausehe
    came to know that said confession was voluntarily made and
    applicationforilltreatmentwasmadesubsequently.Headmittedthat
    the threatening and intimidation is a criminal offence and it also
    amounts to interference and when there is a complaint disclosing
    commission of cognizable office, then the Magistrate has to take
    cognizanceoftheoffenceandinordertoassisttheinvestigation,he
    didnottakecognizanceofoffenceinrespectofallegationsmadeat
    Exh.292.Headmittedthaton1592013accusedmadecomplaintfor
    removing the handcuff as they were produced before him in
    handcuffedconditionandhepassedtheorderonthesaidapplication
    thatunlesstheaccusedbecomesviolentandtherearepossibilitiesof
    escapingfromthecourtofjusticeheshouldnotbehandcuffedand
    accusedwereAdiwasisandfromarrestformshecametoknowthat
    theybelongingtoMadiyaandGondcommunity.

    94] Incrossexamination,hedeniedthatasthesaidconfession
    wasrecordedundertheinducementandthreatofpolice,hedidnot
    callthesayofpolice.Hedeniedthatpolicehadplacedbeforehim
    the confessional statement made by accused before police before
    recording of confessional statementsbyhimandaccusedwere not
    knowinghislanguageandhewasnotknowingtheirlanguageandhe
    didnotrecordanyconfessionalstatementsand policehadalready
    preparedthesameandhesignedthereon. Hedeniedthataccused
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    were not conversant with the language in which statements were


    recordedandaccusedwerenotabletotalkinMarathiandtheywere
    not knowing Hindi and none of the accused made confessional
    statementbeforehimandhehadrecordedthesameattheinstanceof
    policetoassisttheprosecution.

    ArgumentofSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathanonthepointofarrestand
    seizureinrespectofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2Pandu
    Naroteandno.3HemMishra

    95] LearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathansubmittedthataccused
    no.1MaheshTirki, no.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishrawere
    arrested at secluded place near Aheri bus stand and accused no.1
    Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote were knowing accused no.3
    Hem Mishra and they were sent by absconding naxal accused
    Narmadakkatotakeaccusedno.3HemMishratomeetherandthis
    factwascorroboratedbytheevidenceofP.W.9RajuPoriyaAtramwho
    inhisexaminationstatedthataccusedno.2PanduNarotetookhimto
    NarmadakkaandthereafterNarmadakkahandedoverhimRs.5Lacs
    inthepacketandon2952013hereachedBallarshaRailwayStation
    at1000a.m.andthereaftertwounknownpersonscamethereand
    accused no.2 Pandu went to them and discussed with them and
    thereafteraccusedno.2Pundutookthemoneypacketfromhimand
    gavetoonepersonoutofthem.

    96] Hesubmittedthatitisthedefenceofaccusedno.2Pandu
    thatnothingwasseizedfromhispossession,however,thisdefenceof
    accusedno.2PanduNaroteisfalseasinpersonalsearchofaccused
    no.2PanduNarotehispersonaldocumentsi.e.SBIpassbook,birth
    certificateandbirthcertificateofhisdaughter,bonafidecertificateof
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    hisdaughterandhehimself,castecertificate,domicilecertificate,pan
    card, his election identity card, registration certificate of vehicle
    bearing No.MH33/K9656 were found and further from his
    possession incriminating articles i.e. Platform ticket of Ballarsha
    Railway station, Lokmat Marathi newspaper, umbrella were seized.
    Hesubmittedthatthearticlesi.e.Lokmatnewspaperandumbrella
    arethecommonarticlesbuttheseareusedbythemembersofRDF,a
    frontalorganisationofbannedCPI(Maoist)organisationtorecognize
    theirpersonsandthisfactisclearfromthedocumentatpageno.90of
    Exh.267titledas,IamconvincedtheNaxalites(Maoists)havealot
    ofsupportwhichisretrievedfromtheharddisk(Exh.4)seizedfrom
    thehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaunderseizurepanchanama
    (Exh.165). He further submitted that finding of Railway platform
    ticket of Ballarsha Railwaystation dated 28.5.2013 with accused
    no.2PandushowsthathehadbeentoBallarshaRailwaystationon
    28.5.2013andfromtheevidenceofP.W.9RajuAtramitisestablished
    thaton27thofthatmonthaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Panduhad
    beentohimtoAlapalliandtheytoldhimthathewascalledbynaxal
    Narmadakka.

    97] Withrespecttoaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,hesubmitted
    that from the personal search of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki three
    pamphletsofnaxalswereseizedandthisfactisrevealedfromthe
    evidenceofPIAnilBadgujar(P.W.10)andthesameiscorroboratedby
    the evidence of panch witness P.W.1 Santosh Bawne and these
    pamphletsareatArticleNos.139,140and141.

    i] Art.139 is a pamphlet issued by Bhakapa (Maowadi),


    (GadchiroliDivision)makingallegationsagainstthedecisionofthe
    GovernmenttodestroythelifeofAadiwasis.
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    ii] Art.140 is a pamphlet issued by Bhumkal Johar Te


    DandakaryanyaSpecialZonalCommittee,Bhakapa(Maowadi),titled
    as,AmarShahidirkuLalSalam

    iii] Art.141 is a pamphlet issued by Bhartachi Communist


    Party(Maowadi),MaharashtraRajyaSamitititledas ^jk[k lkaHkkGqu
    Bsok jk[k >kysY;kaph] laiyh ukgh y<kbZ vtqu [kSjykathph* andatthe
    enditismentionedthat ^[kSjykath gR;kdkaMkP;k lq=/kkjkauk ikBh'kh
    ?kky.kkjs] iksfylka}kjs nfyrkaP;k gR;k dj.kkjs] nfyrkar ng'kr iljfo.kkjs
    egkjkV 'kklu eqnkZckn !-- uotuoknh dzkafr f>ankckn*

    98] He submitted that Navjanvadi Kranti Jindabad is a


    sloganusedinmanyvideosofRDFconferencefoundinharddisks,
    CDs, DVDs, pendrives which were seized from house search of
    accusedno.6Saibabawhichshowsthatheisalsoactivememberof
    RDF,afrontalorganizationofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist).

    99] He submitted that further finding of xerox copy of his


    electionIDcard(Art.19)fromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.1
    MaheshTirkishowsthatpersonalsearchofaccusedno.1Maheshwas
    taken and incriminating articles were found with him. Hence, he
    submitted that prosecution has proved that accused no.1 Mahesh
    Tirkiandno.2PanduNarotewerearrestedalongwithaccusedno.3
    HemMishraon22.8.2013atAheriBusStandandpersonalsearchof
    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote was taken and
    from their possession their personal and incriminating documents
    relatingtoCPI(Maoist)wereseized.
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    100] In respect of accused no.3 Hem Mishra, Spl. P.P. Shri


    Sathainathansubmittedthataftertakingpersonalsearchofaccused
    no.3 Hem Mishra, cash amount of Rs.7,700/, Railwayticket from
    DelhitoBallarshadated19.8.2013,16GBmemorycardofscandisc
    company, ATM card of SBI, his pan card, election identity card,
    membershipcardofJawaharlalNehruUniversity,Delhi,Identitycard,
    Yatricard,cameraofKodakcompanywithchargerandsackinwhich
    clothes, cover of spect, white cap, newspaper of Rashtriya Sahara
    publicationofNewDelhidated19thAugust,2013werefound. He
    submittedthatfindingofthecap,casecoverofspect,newspaperat
    Article Nos.21 to 30 in possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra,
    clearly shows that these things are used by naxal people as
    identificationcodetorecognizetheiridentityandthisfactisalsoclear
    fromdocumentatpageno.90ofExh.267filedonrecord. Further,
    finding of personal identification documents i.e. election identity
    card, membership card of Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, PAN
    card,bankATMcardshowsthatthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.3
    Hem Mishra was conducted and the defence of the accused that
    nothingwasseizedfromhispossessionisafterthought.

    101] Hefurthersubmittedthatbothaccusedno.1Maheshand
    no.2Panduintheirconfessionalstatementstatedthattheyalongwith
    accusedno.3HemMishracametoAheriandtheywerearrestedby
    police. Thisshowsthataccusedno.3HemMishrawasarrestedat
    Aheribusstandandhencedefenceoftheaccusedno.3HemMishra
    thathewasarrestedon20082013atBallarshaRailwaystationis
    totally falsified and nothing has been brought on record from the
    crossexaminationofP.W.1SantoshBawne,P.W.2JagatBhole,P.W.5
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    RavindraKumbhare,P.W.6AtulAvhad,P.W.7ApekshaRamteke,P.W.9
    Anil Badgujar, P.W.11 Suhas Bawche, P.W.15 Narendra Dube and
    P.W.21BhaveshNikamtodisbelievetheirevidence.

    ArgumentofAdvocateShriGadlingonthepointofarrestand
    seizureinrespectofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2Pandu
    Naroteandno.3HemMishra

    102] Per contra, the learned Advocate Shri Gadling for the
    accused submitted that the prosecution case is that accused no.1
    MaheshTirki,accusedno.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishrawere
    arrested at Aheri Bus Stand on 22.8.2013 at about 6.00 p.m.
    However,accordingtodefenceaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,accused
    no.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishrawerearrestedon20.8.2013
    atBallarshaRailwaystation.Tosubstantiatethesaidcontentionthe
    defencehasreliedonfollowingcircumstances:

    i] P.W.1SantoshBawneinhisexaminationstatedthatpolice
    took personal search of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki, accused no.2
    Pandu Narote and no.3 Hem Mishra and from the possession of
    accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandaccusedno.2PanduNarotepolice
    seizedmobilephoneswithSIMcardsandInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11
    SuhasBawche inhiscrossexaminationalsoadmittedthathehad
    taken out the mobile SIM card of mobile handsets seized from
    accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteandheappliedfor
    the CDR and SDR of the same and received the same but the
    prosecutionhasnotfiledonrecordCDRandSDRofthemobileSIM
    cardofmobilehandsetsseizedfromaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiand
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    no.2PanduNaroteinspiteoftheapplicationfiledbythedefenceat
    Exh.237forgettingthoseCDRandSDR.HadthesaidCDRandSDR
    of the SIM of the SIM cards of mobile handsets of accused no.1
    Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote filed on record by the
    prosecution, from the said CDR and SDR the defence would have
    beenabletosubstantiatethecaseofthedefencethataccusedno.1
    MaheshTirki and no.2PanduNarotewere arrestedfromBallarsha
    Railwaystationon20.8.2013henceadverseinferencecanbedrawn
    againsttheprosecutionfornonproductionofCDRandSDRofmobile
    SIMcardsof accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote.In
    supportofhissubmissionheplacedrelianceonthejudgmentincase
    ofTomasoBrunovs.StateofU.P.reportedin2015(1)Crimes105
    (SC),whereinitisheldthat

    (b) Criminal trial Circumstantial evidence


    NonproductionofCCTVfootage,noncollectionof
    call record (details) and SIM details of mobile
    phonesseizedfromtheaccusedNotmerefaulty
    investigation Amounts to withholding of best
    evidence Section 114(g) Indian Evidence Act,
    1972 Adverse inference may be drawn against
    prosecutionfornotproducingtheaforesaiddetails
    particularly CCTV footage while it could
    Prosecutionneitherexaminingthedoctordeclaring
    the deceased 'brought dead' nor producing the
    reportthatwaspreparedintheemergencywardof
    thehospitalNotproducingdeathintimationsent
    tothepolice.(Para27,29,30)

    ii] Panch witness P.W.1 Santosh Bawne in his cross


    examinationadmittedthatinJuly2014hehadbeentoAheriP.S.for
    onepanchanamaandhedoesrememberthenameofaccusedinthat
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    caseandforwhatpurposehehadbeentoAheriPoliceStationinJuly,
    2014butthiswitnesshadstatedtheincidentwhichoccurredinthe
    year2013withexactdateandtimeandnameofaccusedpersons.
    Thisversionisutterlyfalseandcannotbebelieved.

    iii] Accordingtotheprosecutioninthepossessionofaccused
    no.3 Hem Mishra Railway ticket from Delhi to Ballarsha dated
    19.8.2013andnewspaperSaharadated19.8.2013werefoundand
    accused no.2 Pandu Narote was found in possession of Lokmat
    newspaperdated20.8.2013.Thisitselfshowsthataccusedno.3Hem
    Mishraalongwithaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote
    werearrestedonBallarshaRailwaystationon20.8.2013andnoton
    22.8.2013 at Aheri Bus Stand as alleged by the prosecution.
    According to the prosecution from the personal search of accused
    no.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteplatformticketofBallarsha
    Railwaystation dated 28.5.2013 was found. It is the case of the
    prosecutionthaton22.8.2013accusednos.1to3werearrestedat
    AheriBusstandandaccusedcametherefromBallarshabyS.T.bus
    but they could not find bus ticket from Ballarsha to Aheri with
    accused persons, however, they found platform ticket of Ballarsha
    Railwaystationdated28.5.2013.Thisstoryisnotworthtoberelied
    on.

    iv] He submitted that P.W.1 Santosh Bawne in his cross


    examination admitted that he had no personal knowledge about
    digital storage media and doesnot knowdifference between card
    reader,bluetooth,pendriveandmemorycardandhecannotidentify
    theuniqueidentitystoragecapacityofthedifferentelectronicmedia
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    appliancesbut in his examinationP.W.1SantoshBawnestatedthat


    from the possession of accused No.3 Hem Mishra, 16 GB memory
    cardwasseized.Thisshowsthatheisatutoredwitness.

    v] He submitted that according to the prosecution offence


    wasregisteredagainstaccusedNo.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNarote
    andno.3HemMishraat930p.m.on22082013andpanchanama
    Exh.137wascompletedbefore755p.m.,buttheF.I.R.numberwas
    appearing in panchanama Exh.137 that is before registration of
    offence.Hesubmittedthatontheseizedarticlesthelabelsbearing
    crimenumberisappearing.Thisshowsthatpanchanama(Exh.137)
    waspreparedafterdrawingofFIRandpanchwitnesswasnotpresent
    atthetimeofdrawingpanchanamaatabout6.00p.m.asallegedby
    theprosecution.

    vi] He submitted that P.W.1 Santosh Bawne in his cross


    examination admitted that near Aheri Bus Stand, there is road on
    bothsidesandtherearepanstalls,teastallsandhotelsnearAheri
    Bus Stand but inspite of this fact prosecution has not examined
    independent witnesses and chosen P.W.1 Santosh Bawne who is a
    stockwitnesstoactaspanchaspanchP.W.1SantoshBawneinhis
    examinationstatedthatheactedasapanchfortwotimesandheis
    homeguardinAheriPoliceStationsincelastthreeyearsandhence
    hewasactingunderthethumbofpolice.

    vii] He further submitted that P.W.1 Santosh Bawne panch


    witness in his examination stated that another panch Umaji was
    presentatthetimeofpanchanamabutinthepresentcaseonperusal
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    of panchanama Exh.137 it is clear that the another panch was


    NarendraAadkujiYempalwarandnotUmaji. ThisshowsthatP.W.1
    SantoshBawnewasnotpresentatthetimeofdrawingpanchanama
    Exh.137.

    viii] It isthedefenceoftheaccusedthat accusedno.1


    Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote were arrested at Ballarsha
    Railwaystation and not at Aheri bus stand. According to their
    defence on 21.8.2013 accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu
    Narote were not present in Aheri Police Station and police falsely
    implicated them in this case. In this respect the learned defence
    AdvocateShriGadlingsubmittedthataccordingtoprosecutionfrom
    the interrogation with accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu
    Narotepolicecametoknowthataccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2
    PanduNarotehandedoveramountofRs.5lakhsthroughP.W.9Raju
    PoriyaAramtothememberofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)and
    its frontal organisation RDF at Ballarsha Railwaystation at the
    instance ofladynaxalNarmadakka. He submittedthat P.W.9Raju
    Atraminhiscrossexaminationadmittedthatwhenhewascalledat
    AheriPoliceStationon21stAugust2013,accusedno.1MaheshTirki
    andno.2PanduNarotewerenotpresentinPoliceStation,Aheriand
    the arrest panchanamasofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2Pandu
    Narote and no.3 Hem Mishra were alleged to be effected on
    22.8.2013.Itwasargued,thisshowsthataccusedno.1MaheshTirki
    andno.2PanduNarotewerearrestedonearlierdateandfalsearrest
    panchanamaswerepreparedshowingthataccusedno.1MaheshTirki,
    no.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishrawerearrestedon22.8.2013.
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    ix] Onthepointofseizureof16GBmemorycardallegedly
    seizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishrahesubmitted
    thatfromtheevidenceofP.W.4ShrikantGaddewaritshowsthatsaid
    memory card was opened by investigating officer P.W.11 Suhas
    Bawche on 22.8.2013 in his presence. This shows that it was
    tamperedbytheprosecutionandhencenovaluecanbeattachedto
    thereportofCFSLMumbaiExh.266.

    103] HesubmittedthataccordingtoP.W.1SantoshBawneand
    no.6AtulAvhad,P.W.10AnilBadgujarwerepresentatAheriPolice
    Stationon22.8.2013,however,onthatdayP.W.10AnilBadgujarwas
    notpresentattheAheriPoliceStationthoughhehimselfallegedtobe
    presentatpolicestation. HeinvitedattentionoftheCourtonpara
    no.7 of crossexamination of P.W.10 Anil Badgujar on this point in
    which he admitted that the panchanama of personal search of
    accusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishra
    show that it was made by different police officers. However, on
    perusal of panchanama (Exh.227 to 229) in respect of arrest of
    accusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishra
    bearthedate23.8.2013belowhissignature.Thisshowsthathewas
    not present on 22.8.2013 at Aheri Police Station and he put his
    signature on 23.8.2013. The explanation given by him that by
    mistakethedate23.8.2013waswrittenbelowhissignaturebutthis
    explanation cannot be acceptedasit isnot possible that the same
    mistakewouldoccurforthreetimes. Hence,hisexplanationisnot
    worthtobereliedupon.
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    104] He submitted that in para 7 of Exh.226 of cross


    examinationP.W.10AnilBadgujaradmittedthathewastheincharge
    ofPoliceStation,Aheritill25.8.2013andentireinvestigationofthis
    case was donebyhimtill25.8.2013andfurtherinvestigationwas
    handed over to P.W.11 Suhas Bawche. Not only this, this witness
    statedthathecametoknowthat16GBmemorycardwasprotected
    bypasswordonlywhenitwassenttoCFSLand16GBmemorycard
    senttoCFSLon25.8.2013,thatmeanstill25.8.2013thiswitnesswas
    notknowingthatthe16GBmemorycardwaspasswordprotected.In
    PCRdated23.8.2013inparano.2itismentionedthatsomefilesin
    16GBmemorycardwerepasswordprotected.Itseemsthatmemory
    cardwasopenedbeforesendingittoCFSL.Henceadverseinference
    canbedrawnthatpolicemanipulatedorplanted16GBmemorycard.
    Oncethememorycardwasplayedonthecomputertheimportanceof
    CFSLreporthasbecomevalueless.

    105] He submitted that P.W.5 Ravindra Kumbhare in his


    examination at Exh.210 has stated that on 31.8.2013 he came to
    PoliceStation,Aherialongwithmirrorimagesof16GBmemorycard,
    however,inthecrossexaminationhestatedthathecametoAheri
    PoliceStationon1.9.2013. Hesubmittedthat16GBmemorycard
    wasdepositedbyP.W.5RavindraKumbhareon1.9.2013andP.W.11
    SuhasBawchestatedinhisexaminationatparano.4ofExh.235that
    afteropeningthe16GBmemorycardtheycopiedthefilethatiswhy
    panchanama in respect of 16 GB memorycard was prepared on
    31.8.2013.Hearguedthatthisshowsthatallfilesin16GBMemory
    Cardaretampered.
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    106] He submitted that P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his


    examinationatExh.235statedthatasperoraldirectionsofthethen
    SuperintendentofPolice,Gadchirolihereceivedinvestigationinthis
    crimeon23.8.2013andthisoraltestimonyofP.W.11SuhasBawcheis
    contradictory to the testimony of P.W.10 Anil Badgujar who in his
    crossexaminationadmittedthathewasinchargeofinvestigationof
    thiscrimetill25.8.2013butletterofSuperintendentofPolicedated
    25.8.2013Exh.238showsthatP.W.11SuhasBawchewasdirectedto
    investigatethiscrimeon25.8.2013andasperP.W.11SuhasBawche
    hereceivedinvestigationon23.8.2013. Hence,testimonyofP.W.11
    SuhasBawcheisnotbelievable.

    Conclusiononthepointofarrestandseizureinrespectof
    accusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteandno.3Hem
    Mishra

    107] Maindefenceoftheaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,accused
    no.2 Pandu Narote and no.3 Hem Mishra were arrested from
    Ballarsha railwaystation on 20.8.2013 and not on 22.8.2013 as
    alleged by the prosecution and nothing was seized from their
    possessionandeverythingwasplanted.Onthispoint,firstly,defence
    hasdrawnattentionoftheCourttothetestimonyofpanchwitness
    P.W.1 Santosh Bawne. Accordingtodefence thiswitnessisHome
    GuardatAheriPoliceStationsincelastthreeyears,hence,heisacting
    underthethumbofpolice.Further,thiswitnessisatutoredwitness
    andheisnotrememberingtheincidentoccurredinJuly2014buthe
    isexactlystatedthedateofpanchanama,nameoftheaccused,when
    hehadbeentoAheriPoliceStationintheyear2013. Further,this
    witnessinhiscrossexaminationadmittedthat therearepanstalls,
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    tea stalls and hotels near Aheri Bus Stand but inspite of this fact
    prosecution has not examined independent witnesses and chosen
    P.W.1SantoshBawnewhoisastockwitnesstoactaspanchaspanch
    P.W.1 Santosh Bawne in his examination stated that he acted as a
    panchfortwotimes. Further,thiswitnessinhiscrossexamination
    admittedthathehadnopersonalknowledgeaboutthedigitalstorage
    mediaanddoesnotknowdifferencebetweencardride,bluetooth,
    pendrive and memory card and he cannot identify the unique
    identitystoragecapacityofthedifferentelectronicmediaappliances
    but in his examination P.W.1 Santosh Bawne stated that from the
    possession of accused No.3 Hem Mishra, 16 GB memory card was
    seized.Thisshowsthatheisatutoredwitness.

    108] It is well settled that merely because independent


    witnessesthoughavailablenotchosenandexaminedisnotaground
    todisbelievetheevidenceofstockwitnessasP.W.1SantoshBawnein
    hiscrossexaminationadmittedthathehasactedasapanchfor2to3
    times.Atthisjuncture,itisnecessarytoconsiderratiolaiddownby
    the Bombay High Court in Criminal Appeal No.742 of 1988,
    decidedon3.12.2001inthecaseofChandbiw/oMustaqShaikh
    vs.StateofMaharashtra,inwhichitisobservedthat

    B.EvidenceAct,1872,Section3Criminaltrial
    AppreciationofevidenceHabitualpanchHehad
    actedasapanchin3/4casesActingaspanchin
    two earlier cases, would not amount to acting as
    professional panch or habitual panch of police
    Since he could not termed as habitual witness of
    policenorcouldbetermedasprofessionalpanch.
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    109] Further,theApexCourtincaseofGianChandandothers
    .v.StateofHaryana reportedin (2013)14SupremeCourtCases
    420 observed that nonexamination of independent witness is not
    fataltotheprosecutioncaseifcaseisprovedotherwiseanditwas
    furtherobservedthatevidenceofpoliceofficercanbereliedifitis
    foundtobereliableanddoesnotsufferfrominfirmities.

    110] Itiswellsettledthatminorcontradictionsandomissions
    cannotgototherootofthecase.Eventheprosecutionwitnessmakes
    falsestatementonparticularpartbutthestatementonotherpartis
    reliablethenhecanbebelievedonthatotherpartandconvictioncan
    bebased.Theprinciple offalsusinunofalsusinomnibusisnot
    applicableinIndia. Atthisjunctureitisnecessarytoconsiderthe
    ratiolaiddownbytheApexCourtinthecaseofGunnanaPentayya
    vs.StateofA.P.Reportedin2008BHCCO1910inCriminalAppeal
    No.292 of 2006, decided on 20th August, 2008, in para 15 the
    ApexCourtobservedthat
    E.MaximfalsusinunofalsusinomnibusIt
    hasnoapplicationinIndiaEvenifmajorportion
    ofevidencefoundtobedeficient,residueiffound
    sufficient to prove guilt, conviction can be
    sustained.

    111] ItistobenotedthatpanchwitnessP.W.1SantoshBawne
    in his examinationinchief stated that three naxal pamphlets were
    seizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandthisfact
    is also mentioned in the panchanama Exh.137. The omission
    regardingthefactthatthosepamphletswerefoundinthe'hand' of
    accusedno.1MaheshTirkiwasbroughtonrecord.Theomissionisin
    respect of word 'hand' only. This fact is also deposed by the
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    informantP.W.no.6AtulAvhadandP.W.10AnilBadgujarandthereisa
    evidence of muddemalClerkofAheriPolice Station P.W.13Ganesh
    Rathod who in his examination stated that these three pamphlets
    were brought in Aheri Police Station for depositing the same in
    MalkhanaofPoliceStationbyP.W.10AnilBadgujar,however,those
    werereturnedbyP.W.13GaneshRathodMuddemalClerktoP.W.10
    AnilBadgujarforattachingthesamealongwithChargeSheetandthis
    factisreflectedintheextractcopyofMuddemalregisteratExh.276A.
    The Muddemal Clerk P.W.13 GaneshRathod admitted at one stage
    thatitismentionedintheregisterbutatanotherstageheadmitted
    thatitisnotmentionedintheregister.However,onperusalofentry
    inMuddemalregisteratExh.276AitrevealsthatthereisanEntry
    no.12/2013dated22.8.2013thattheMuddemali.e.threepamphlets
    weredepositedintheCrimeno.3017/2013andfromthisentryitis
    reflectedthatthreepamphletswerehandedoverbyMuddemalClerk
    P.W.13 Ganesh Rathod to P.W.10 Anil Badgujar for filing alongwith
    ChargeSheet. Inviewofthisasthereisclearevidenceaboutthe
    seizureofthreenaxalpamphletsfromthepossessionofaccusedno.1
    MaheshTirki,thesaidthreenaxalpamphletscanbereadinevidence.

    112] Atthisjuncture,itisnecessarytoconsidertheratiolaid
    downinthecaseof AshishC.Shahv.
    M/s.ShethDevelopersPvt.

    Ltd.andOrsreportedin2011Cr.L.J.3565whereinitisobserved
    inpara12that
    (E)EvidenceAct(1of1872),S.135Examination
    ofwitnessesProsecutioncanneveraskaccusedto
    enterintowitnessboxaswitnessofprosecutionIt
    isagainstbasicprinciplesofcriminaljurisprudence.
    (Para12)
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    Para 12. The learned Counsel for the petitioner


    vehementlycontendedthatthedocumentcouldnot
    beadmittedinevidenceunlessauthorofthesame
    was examined before the Court and in support of
    this contention, he relied upon Vishwanath Rai v.
    Sachhidamand Singh, AIR 1971 SC 1949. In that
    case, witness of one party deposed that a letter
    writtenbyoneStohimhadbeenreceivedbyhim.
    TheSupremeCourtheldthatburdenliesonother
    side toprove itsallegationthattheletterwasnot
    writtenbySorthatitwaswrittenincollusionwith
    Sandthewitness.However,theSupremeCourtalso
    heldthattheletterisrelevantandadmissibletothe
    extentofthefactthatSwrotesuchalettertothe
    witness with its contents. However, correctness of
    thecontentsoftheletterwouldbeprovedonlyby
    examiningSasawitnessbecausehewastheauthor.
    Inthepresentcase,theauthorandsignatoriesofthe
    abovereferredtwolettersareaccusedNos.1and2.
    Theletterspurportingtohavebeensignedandsent
    bythemwerereceivedbytheManagingDirectorof
    the complainant and this fact is deposed to by
    witnessSharadDoshi.Inviewofthis,iftheaccused
    personsallegethatthesaidletterswerenotsigned
    and sent by the accused persons, burden lies on
    them to prove the same. The contention of the
    learnedCounselthatthecontentsofthisdocument
    andthetruthforthesamecannotbeprovedwithout
    examining the author of the same is against the
    basic principles of criminal jurisprudence, because
    prosecutioncanneverasktheaccusedtoenterinto
    witnessboxasawitnessofprosecution.Infact,the
    accusedcannotbecalledinthewitnessboxevenas
    defencewitnessunlesshemakesawrittenrequest
    forthesame.Notonlythis,eveninthestatement
    under Sec. 313, Cr.P.C. wherein the incriminating
    circumstancesarerequiredtobeputtotheaccused
    toenablehimtoexplainthesame,theaccusedisnot
    boundtoanswerthosequestions,thoughtheCourt
    maydrawadverseinferenceagainsthimifhekeeps
    quiet. In such circumstances, to suggest that the
    document written by and signed by the accused
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    couldnotbeprovedwithoutexaminingtheaccused
    aswitnessoftheprosecutionisagainstthesettled
    positionoflawandthereforethiscontentionofthe
    learned Counsel for the petitioner is liable to be
    rejected.

    113] The accused No.1 Mahesh Tirki has not given plausible
    explanationaboutthepossessionofthreepamphletswithhiminhis
    statementundersection313ofCodeofCriminalProcedureandin
    viewofjudgmentof BombayHighCourtinthecaseofAshishC.
    Shahv.M/s.ShethDevelopersPvt.Ltd.AndOrs,reportedin2011
    Cr.L.J.3563citedsuprathose3naxalpamphletsfoundinpossession
    ofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkicanbereadinevidence.

    114] Fromthepossessionofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,three
    pamphlets (Arts.139 to 141) were seized. On perusal of those
    pamphlets,itrevealsthat

    i] Art.139 is a pamphlet issued by Bhakapa (Maowadi),


    (GadchiroliDivision)makingallegationsagainstthedecisionofthe
    GovernmenttodestroythelifeofAadiwasisandshowsthattherewas
    oppose to the Government policies implemented in the Gadchiroli
    district i.e. implementation of Surjagad Project and Green Hunt
    OperationshowinghatredtowardstheGovernment.

    ii] Art.140 is a pamphlet issued by Bhumkal Johar Te


    DandakaryanyaSpecialZonalCommittee,Bhakapa(Maowadi),titled
    as,AmarShahidirkuLalSalam
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    iii] Art.141 is a pamphlet issued by Bhartachi Communist


    Party(Maowadi),MaharashtraRajyaSamitititledas ^jk[k lkaHkkGqu
    Bsok jk[k >kysY;kaph] laiyh ukgh y<kbZ vtqu [kSjykathph* andatthe
    enditismentionedthat ^[kSjykath gR;kdkaMkP;k lq=/kkjkauk ikBh'kh
    ?kky.kkjs] iksfylka}kjs nfyrkaP;k gR;k dj.kkjs] nfyrkar ng'kr iljfo.kkjs
    egkjkV 'kklu eqnkZckn !-- uotuoknh dzkafr f>ankckn*

    115] On perusal of Art.139 issuedbyBha.Ka.Pa.(Maowadi),


    (Gadchiroli Division) it reveals that there was oppose to the
    Government policies implemented in the Gadchiroli district i.e.
    implementation of Surjagad Project and Green Hunt Operation
    showinghatredtowardstheGovernment.Art.140issuedbyBhumkal
    Johar Dandakarnya Special Zonal Committee, CPI (Maoist) offered
    condolenceinfavourofnaxalswhodiedatthehandsofpoliceand
    further from the pamphlet Art.141 of CPI (Maoist), Maharashtra
    Rajya Samiti, it reveals that it has opposed the Maharashtra
    GovernmentontheissueofKhairlanjimatterandattheendofthis
    pamphletthesloganNavajanwadiKrantiJindabadisseenandthe
    name of Krantikari Janwadi Morcha (RDF) is in Hindi which is a
    document of Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) in English as
    mentionedintheArticleNo.159whichisaManifestoretrievedfrom
    theharddiskseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    whichappearstobeusedbythemembersofbannedorganizationCPI
    (Maoist) and its frontal organization RDF in many videos of RDF
    conference and documents found in electronic gadgets like hard
    disks,CDs,DVDs,pendriveswhichwereseizedfromhousesearchof
    accusedno.6Saibabawhichshowsthataccusedno.1MaheshTirki
    and accused no.2 Pandu Narote are the active members of CPI
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    (Maoist) and its frontal organization RDF and they handed over
    amount of Rs.5 lacs through P.W.9 Raju Atram to the member of
    bannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDFat
    BallarshaRailwaystationattheinstanceofladynaxalNarmadakka.

    116] Defence has attacked on the ground that P.W.1 Santosh


    Bawne is a stock witness who stated exact date and time of the
    panchanama Exh.137 and the fact that 16 GB memorycard was
    seizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraandhewas
    nothavingknowledgeaboutthedigitalstoragemediabuthestated
    that16GBmemorycardwasseizedfromthepossessionofaccused
    no.3HemMishra.Itisimportanttonotethatinthepanchanamaat
    Exh.137 it is specifically mentioned that 16 GB memorycard of
    Sandisk Company was seized from the possession of accused no.3
    HemMishraandP.W.1SantoshBawnehasstatedaboutthecontents
    ofpanchanama. Hencethiscannotbeagroundtodisbelieve the
    evidenceofP.W.1SantoshBawneonthispoint.

    117] Accordingtodefencethiswitnesswasnotpresentatthe
    timeofpanchanamaastheaccusedwerearrestedatAheribusstand
    at5.45p.m.andthereaftertheyweretakentoAheriPoliceStation
    and panchanama was prepared at 6.00 p.m. and the FIR was
    registeredat9.30p.m.andontheseizedarticleslabelsbearingcrime
    number is appearing. It is to be noted that it is the case of the
    prosecutionthatafterthearrestofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2
    Pandu Narote and no.3HemMishra at Aheribusstandtheywere
    takentoAheriPoliceStationandinitiallypanchanamaofseizurewas
    prepared and thereafter FIR was registered. Merely because the
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    crimenumberwasputonthelabelsaffixedontheseizedarticlesis
    notagroundtodraw inferencethatpanchanamawasdrawnafter
    registrationofoffence.

    118] The defence tried to bring some inconsistencies in the


    evidenceofPIP.W.10AnilBadgujar,P.W.1SantoshBawneandP.W.6
    AtulAvhadonthegroundthattheywerenotpresentinAheriPolice
    Station.Thesearetheminorcontradictionsinthetestimonyofthis
    witnessandthosedonotgototherootofthecase. Hence,their
    testimoniescannotbedisbelievedonthispoint.Further,P.W.10Anil
    Badgujarhasgivenexplanationaboutthefactthatbymistakehehas
    writtenthedate23.8.2013intheFIR. Hence,thedefencecannot
    makeuseofit.

    119] Accordingtothedefence,P.W.9RajuAtraminhiscross
    examinationadmittedthaton21stwhenhehadbeentotheAheri
    PoliceStationaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotewere
    notpresentthereandhewastakeninPoliceStationaspolicecameto
    know from interrogation of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2
    Pandu Narote that he handedover Rs.5 lacs received from
    Narmadakka at Ballarsha railwaystation. This shows that accused
    no.1MaheshTirki, no.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishrawere
    arrested before 22.8.2013 from Ballarsha railwaystation and not
    fromAheribusstandasallegedbytheprosecution.
    It is necessary to reproduce the portion of cross
    examinationofP.W.9RajuAtramasunder:
    IwastakeninP.S.aspolicecametoknowform
    interrogationofaccusedthatIhandedoverRs.5lack
    received from Narmadakka at Ballarsha Railway
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    Station. Thereafter,IwasreleasedfromP.S.Onthe
    next day I was again called for recording my
    statement. My statement was recorded by SDPO
    Bawche.Thereafteragainon1492013Iwascalled
    atPoliceStation.Whenon21stIwasagaincalledin
    P.S.atthattime,PanduandMaheshwerenotpresent
    inthePoliceStation.

    120] On going through the relevant portion of cross


    examinationofP.W.9RajuAtramitisclearthatthiswitnesshasnot
    specifically stated the date when police came to know from
    interrogation of accused that he handed over Rs.5,00,000/ from
    NarmaddakkaatBallarshaRailwaystation.Hehasnotgiventhedate
    whenhecametoknowthisfactandhespecificallydeniedthatwhen
    on21sthewasagaincalledinpolicestationatthattimeaccusedno.1
    Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote were not present in police
    stationwhichshowsthattill21sthewasnotknowingthisfact.From
    thisitrevealsthataccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteand
    no.3HemMishrawerearrestedon22.08.2013andapartfromthe
    evidenceofprosecutionwitnessesi.e.theinformantP.W.6AtulAvhad
    andPoliceInspectorP.W.10AnilBadgugjar,itgetscorroborationfrom
    theconfessionalstatementofacccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2
    Pandu Narote at Exh.280 and 286, wherein they stated that they
    alongwithaccusedno.3 arrestedatsecludedplacenearAheriBus
    Stand on 22.08.2013 and hence, the version of defence that the
    accusedno.1to3werearrerstedon20.08.2013atBallarshaRailway
    stationisnotacceptable.

    121] According to defence 16 GB memorycard of Sandisk


    companyallegedlyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3Hem
    MishrawastamperedbythepolicebutInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11
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    SuhasBawcheinhiscrossexaminationstatedthathedidnotseethe
    datainthememorycardbyopeningitoncomputerorlaptopandhe
    wasnotknowingthefactthatthedatainmemorycardwasprotected
    bypasswordandhecametoknowaboutthesamewhenthememory
    card was sent to CFSL. Further, P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his
    examinationinchief stated that while interrogating with accused
    no.3HemMishrahecametoknowthatsomefileswereprotected
    withuniquepasswordandP.W.10AnilBadgujarstatedthathedidnot
    seethedatainthememorycardbyopeningitoncomputerorlaptop
    andhewasnotknowingthefactthatthedatainmemorycardwas
    protectedbypasswordandhecametoknowaboutthesamewhen
    the memory card was sent to CFSL. Hence, the contention of the
    defencethat16GBmemorycardwastamperedcannotbeaccepted.

    122] Itisnotdisputedbythedefencethataccusedno.3Hem
    MishrahadbeentoBallarshaRailwayStation.Furtherseizureof16
    GBmemorycardunderseizurepanchanamaExh.137thesamewas
    depositedwithMuddemalClerkP.W.13GaneshRathodofAheriPolice
    Station and to that effect there is entry in muddemal register at
    Exh.276A wherein it is mentioned that 16 GB memorycard of
    Sandiskcompanyalongwithotherpropertyseizedfromaccusedno.3
    HemMishrawasdepositedinMalkhanaofAheriPoliceStationon
    22.8.2013. Hence, this was carried out promptly. Further on
    examinationof16GBmemorycarddonebyCFSL,Mumbaiitwas
    foundthatdatacontainedinsomefoldersandfilesin16GBmemory
    cardwaspasswordprotected. HadtheInvestigatingOfficerwanted
    tomanipulateorfabricatethedatacontainedin16GBmemorycard
    hewouldnothaveinsertedpasswordprotectedfilesinthat16GB
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    memorycard. In crossexamination suggestion was given by the


    defencetoInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheandheadmitted
    thathe didnotseethedatainthememorycardbyopeningiton
    computerorlaptopandhewasnotknowingthefactthatthedatain
    memorycardwasprotectedbypasswordandhecametoknowabout
    thesamewhenthememorycardwassenttoCFSL.Hence,itisclear
    thathedidnotopenthememorycardonthecomputerandtherefore
    he does not know the fact the memorycard was protected by
    passwordandthereforeitcanbesaidthatthereisnomanipulation
    andfabricationinthe16GBmemorycard.

    123] According to the defence CDR and SDR of mobile SIM


    cards of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote were
    taken and this fact is admitted by the Investigating Officer P.W.11
    SuhasBawcheandinspiteoftheapplicationfiledbythedefenceat
    Exh.237 for getting those CDR and SDR the prosecution has not
    produced the same on record and hence adverse inference can be
    drawnagainsttheprosecution.Insupportofhissubmissionheplaced
    relianceonthejudgmentincaseofTomasoBrunovs.StateofU.P.
    reportedin2015(1)Crimes105(SC),whereinitisheldthat

    (b) Criminal trial Circumstantial evidence


    NonproductionofCCTVfootage,noncollectionof
    call record (details) and sim details of mobile
    phonesseizedfromtheaccusedNotmerefaulty
    investigation Amounts to withholding of best
    evidence Section 114(g) Indian Evidence Act,
    1972 Adverse inference may be drawn against
    prosecutionfornotproducingtheaforesaiddetails
    particularly CCTV footage while it could
    Prosecutionneitherexaminingthedoctordeclaring
    the deceased 'brought dead' nor producing the
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    reportthatwaspreparedintheemergencywardof
    thehospitalNotproducingdeathintimationsent
    tothepolice.(Para27,29,30)

    124] ItisimportanttonotethatthemobilephoneshavingSIM
    cardswerebelongingtoaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2Pandu
    Narote and they must behavingknowledgeaboutthecompanyof
    which SIM card they are using alongwith their numbers. Hence,
    they could have applied for the CDR and SDR of said SIM cards
    belongingtothemandproducedthesameonrecordbutthiswasnot
    done by the accused and merelybecause the prosecutionhas not
    produced the CDR and SDR of mobile SIM cards of accused no.1
    MaheshTirkiandaccusedno.2PanduNarote,theadverseinference
    cannotbedrawnagainsttheprosecution.

    125] Accordingtothedefence,thenewspaperSaharadated19
    82013 wasfoundinpossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraand
    newspaper Lokmat dated 2082013 was found in possession of
    accusedno.2PanduNarote. Thisshowsthataccusedwerearrested
    on 20.8.2013. However, merely because the accused persons were
    foundinpossessionofnewspapersdated1982013doesnotmean
    thattheywerearrestedon2082013.Accordingtotheprosecution,
    newspaperisusedasidentificationcodebythemembersofbanned
    organizationandthisfactisveryclearfromthedocumentatpage
    no.90 of Exh.267 wherein it is mentioned that bananas and
    newspapers are used as identification code by the members of
    CPI(Maoist). Hence, the version of the prosecution appears to be
    moreprobablethanthedefence.
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    126] AccordingtodefenceAPIAtulAvhad(P.W.6)inparano.10
    ofcrossexaminationadmittedthatsomeportionofprintedFIRwas
    keptblankandhesignedonthatthereafterandthecarboncopyof
    printedFIRmighthavebeenpreparedandhecannotsaywhetherthe
    entriesinColumn3Subclause(b)&(c)areindifferentinkandthe
    writerisalsodifferentandtheentryinColumn3(b)(c)arewritten
    subsequentlyandinColumn3clause(c)therearesomeoverwriting
    andinthecarboncopytheyeariswrittenbycarbonbutingeneral
    diaryentryiswritteninhandwritingandthesaidthreeentriesareof
    differentinkandhedoesnotrememberwhethertheentireFIRwas
    scribedandthenthesethreeentrieswerewritten. Fromthisithas
    broughtonrecordthatheleftsomespacesblankintheFIRwhich
    showsthatFIRwasantitimeandhewantedtofillupthoseblank
    spaceslateron.Hence,thereisfabricationinrespectofthesame.

    127] On perusal of evidence of confessional statements of


    accusedno.1Maheshandno.2Panduwhichiscorroboratedbythe
    evidenceofP.W.9RajuAtram,itrevealsthataccusedno.1Maheshand
    no.2Pandureceivedaccusedno.3HemMishrawhocamefromDelhi
    atBallarshaRailwayStationandbroughthimtoAheribybusand
    thenaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Pandualongwithaccusedno.3
    HemMishrawerearrestednearthebusstandatAherion22.08.2013
    and not 20.08.2013 and thereafter they were brought to Police
    Station, Aheri and in presence of panch witness Santosh Bawne
    (P.W.1)personalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMishrawasconducted
    and from his possession cash amount of Rs.7,700/, Railwayticket
    from Delhi to Ballarsha dated 19.8.2013, 16 GB memorycard of
    scandisc company,ATMcardofSBI,hispancard,electionidentity
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    card, membership card of Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi,


    Identitycard,Yatricard,cameraofKodakcompanywithchargerand
    sack in which clothes, cover of spect, white cap, newspaper of
    RashtriyaSaharapublicationofNewDelhidated19thAugust,2013
    werefoundandseizedandwhateverthecorrectionsweremadein
    FIRwasbecauseofoversightorbymistakeandnotintentionaland
    hence FIR is not antitime. Though the minor contradictions and
    discrepancies are brought on recordintheevidence ofP.W.10Anil
    Badgujar,theyarenotmaterialinviewofjudgmentofApexCourtin
    thecaseofRohtashKumarvs.StateofHaryanareportedin2013
    Cri.L.J.3183.

    128] Itisimportanttonotethat fromthepersonalsearchof


    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki incriminatingarticles like mobile, three
    pamphletsregardingthenaxalliterature,platformticketofBallarsha
    railwaystationdtd.28052013alongwithhispersonaldocumentslike
    his election identity card were seized and from the possession of
    accusedno.2PanduNaroteincriminatingarticleslikeplatformticket
    of Ballarsha railway station, Lokmat Marathi newspaper, umbrella
    wereseizedalongwithhispersonaldocumentslikehisSBIpassbook,
    his birth certificate and birth certificate of his daughter, bonafide
    certificateofhisdaughterandhehimself,castecertificate,domicile
    certificate,pancard,hiselectionidentitycard,registrationcertificate
    ofvehiclebearingNo.MH33/K9656wereseized.

    129] It is to be seen that whether the prosecution has


    established the fact that accused no.3 Hem Mishra was found
    alongwith accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote and
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    fromhispersonalsearchthearticles16GBmemorycardofSandisk
    company,cashofRs.7,500/,KodakCameraalongwithcharger,cloth
    bag, white cap, one spec case of black colour, one newspaper of
    Sahara,dated1982013,clothes,pancard,twoidentitycardsofJNU
    University, one SBI ATM card, one travel card ofDelhiMetro,one
    DelhitoBallarshaRailwayticketdated19.8.2013andxeroxcopyof
    electionidentitycardi.e.Arts.21to38wereseized.Allthesearticles
    wereidentifiedbythepanchwitnessP.W.1SantoshBawne,P.W.6Atul
    Avhad and P.W.10 Anil Badgujar. Finding of the articles cap, case
    cover of spec, newspaper at Article Nos.21 to 30 in possession of
    accusedno.3HemMishra,clearlyshowsthatthesethingsareusedby
    the members of banned organization CPI (Maoist) as a code to
    recognizetheiridentity.Furtherthisfacthasbeenreflectedfromthe
    pageno.90ofdocumentatExh.267.Itisadocumentfoundinthe
    harddiskseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.It
    showsthatmembersofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)areusing
    banana, cap, newspaper as identification code and from the
    possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra Kodak camera alongwith
    charger was seized and in the internal memory of said camera
    photographofaccusedno.6Saibabaandphotographsof16GB,18
    GBand32GBmemorycardswerefoundandtherelatedquestions
    werealsoputtotheaccusedno.3HemMishrainhisstatementu/s
    313 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, but he merely denied the
    same. From the above, it is clear that the members of banned
    organizationareusingelectronicgadgetsbystoringtheinformation
    ofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)intext,audioandvideoform
    andforcirculatingthesametothemembersofbannedorganization
    CPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF.
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    130] On perusal of evidence of Investigating Officer Suhas


    Bawche(P.W.11),AnilBadgujar(P.W.10),informantAtulAvad(P.W.6),
    and Santosh Bawne (P.W.1) which is corroborated by confessional
    statement of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote,
    prosecutionhasprovedthataccusedno.3HemMishrawasfoundat
    AheriBusStandalongwithaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2Pandu
    Narote and his personal search was taken in presence of Santosh
    Bawne (P.W.1) and 16 GB memory card of Sandisk company was
    seizedfromhispossessionandnothinghasbeenbroughtonrecord
    from the crossexaminations of these witnesses to disbelieve their
    evidenceaboutseizureof16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompany
    fromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishra.Hence,prosecution
    hasprovedtheseizureof16GBmemorycardofSandiskCompany
    fromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishra. Furtheraccused
    no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote in their confessional
    statements stated that on 22.8.2013 when they alongwith accused
    no.3HemMishrastandingnearAheriBusStoptheywerearrested
    and they were taken to Police Station. Finding of incriminating
    articlesumbrellaandnewspaperalongwiththeirpersonaldocuments
    likeelectionidentitycard,bankpassbook,bonafidecertificate,caste
    certificate clearly shows that they were arrested and from their
    possession above incriminating articles i.e. three naxal pamphlets
    were seized. As such prosecution has proved that on 22.8.2013
    accused were arrested near Aheri Police Station and from their
    personal searchof accused nos.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNarote
    andno.3HemMishraabovediscussedarticleswereseized.
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    ArgumentofSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathanonthepointofConfession
    inrespectofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNarote

    131] ThelearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathansubmittedthaton
    28.5.2013accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandaccusedno.2PanduNarote
    hadbeentoBallarshaRailwayStationalongwithP.W.9RajuAtramto
    handoveramountofRs.5lacstoamemberofbannedorganization
    CPI(Maoist)comingfromDelhiasperthedirectionsofladynaxal
    Narmadakka and from the evidence of P.W.9 Raju Atram it is
    establishedthaton27thofthatmonthaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2
    Pandu hadbeento himtoAlapalliandtheytoldhimthathewas
    called by naxal Narmadakka. P.W.9 Raju alongwith accused no.1
    Maheshandno.2PanduhadbeentoNarmadakkaandNarmadakka
    handedover him amount of Rs.5 lacs and directed him to go to
    BallarshaRailwaystationalongwithaccusednos.1Maheshandno.2
    PanduandhandoversaidamountofRs.5lacswhichhehadbrought
    from Narmadakka to one person who was coming to Ballarsha
    Railwaystationandonnextdayi.e.on28.5.2013heleftforBallarsha
    andintheconfessionalstatements,accusedno.1Maheshandno.2
    Pandustatedthattheyhadtoreceivetwopersonson28.5.2013and
    on29.5.2013atBallarshaRailwaystationasdirectedbyNarmadakka
    and this fact is corroborated from the confessional statements of
    accused nos.1 Mahesh andno.2Pandu recordedby J.M.F.C., Aheri
    P.W.12NileshwarVyas.

    132] HefurthersubmittedthatP.W.12NileshwarVyas,Judicial
    Magistrate,FirstClass,Aherirecordedtheconfessionalstatementsof
    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote wherein they
    confessed before him that in the month of May, 2013 during
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    Tendupattaseasonaccusedno.2PanduPoraNarotemetaccusedno.1
    Maheshandtoldthataccusedno.1Maheshandaccusedno.2Pandu
    both were called by Narmadakka in village Todgatta and both of
    thematabout300p.m.reachedinvillageTodgattaandnearbyfour
    naxalpersonsalongwithweaponwerepresentthereandtheytook
    them at the foot of one hill in the forest area where absconding
    accused Narmadakka naxalite was present and she asked accused
    Mahesh that he should go along with Pandu Narote on 28th May
    2013toBallarshaRailwayStationandthereafter,on28thMay2013
    PanduandMahesh reachedatBallarshaRailwayStationat1000
    a.m.andatthattime,twopersonsreachedthereandaccusedno.2
    Pandu Narote went alongwith them on the same day and accused
    no.1MaheshTirkistayedtherebecausehewastoldbyNarmadakka
    thaton29thMay2013oneRajuAtramhailingfromAlapalliwould
    come to Ballarsha Railway Station to give Rs.5,00,000/ and said
    amountwastobegiventoonepersonwhowouldcomefromDelhi.
    He further submitted that on 29th May, 2013 at about 900 a.m.
    accusedno.2RajuAtramandaccusedno.1Maheshweresittinginthe
    waitingroom,twopersonscamethereandafteridentification,P.W.9
    Rajugavetheamounttothatpersonandhewentaway.

    133] He further submitted that P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas was


    crossexamined at length but nothing was elicited from his cross
    examination to disbelieve his evidence and hence his evidence is
    worthtobereliedupononthepointofconfession.Hesubmittedthat
    though accused no.1 Mahesh and no.2 Pandu vide application
    (Exh.292) retracted the confession made before J.M.F.C., Aheri
    (P.W.12Vyas)butitiswellsettledthattheretractedconfessioncanbe
    believedifitiscorroboratedonmaterialparticulars,anditisduly
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    corroboratedbytheevidenceofP.W.9RajuPoriyaAtram.Insupport
    ofhissubmissionheplacedrelianceonthefollowingJudgments:

    i] RamPrakashv.StateofPunjabreportedinAIR1959
    SupremeCourt1(V46C1)inwhichitisheldthat
    (a) Evidence Act (1872), S. 30 Scope
    Retracted confession of coaccused Admissibility
    againstotheraccusedValuetobeattachedtosuch
    confession Necessity Extent of corroboration
    required.

    ii] Hukmaandanotherv.StateofRajasthanreportedin
    1976CRI.L.J.1480(Rajasthan)whereinitisheldthat
    Itisnodoubttruethatasageneralruleorpracticeit
    is unsafe to rely on a confession muchless on a
    retractedconfessionunlesstheCourtissatisfiedthat
    retracted confession is true and voluntarily made
    andhasbeencorroboratedinmaterialparticulars.

    134] HesubmittedthatMagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyashas
    followed due procedure of law while recording confessional
    statementsofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteand
    MagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyasspecificallystatedinhisevidence
    that he has taken precaution that both the accused persons i.e.
    accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteandpolicewere
    not audible and visible to each other while recording confessional
    statements and hence confessional statements made by accused is
    substantialpieceofevidence.Insupportofhissubmissionheplaced
    relianceonthejudgmentofDivisionBenchincaseofTheStateof
    Maharashtrav.AnilaliasRajuNamdeoPatilreportedin2006(2)
    AIRBomR513(DB)1959SupremeCourt1(V46C1)inwhichit
    isheldthat
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    (C) Criminal P. C. (2 of 1974), S. 164


    Confessional statement of accused Recorded by
    MagistrateafterfollowingprescribedprocedureNo
    policeofficerwaspresentatthattimeConfessional
    statementwouldbesubstantialpieceofevidence.

    135] He further placed reliance on the judgment of Madras


    HighCourtincaseofSivakumarandanotherv.Statereportedin
    2003CRI.L.J.3690whereinitisheldthat
    (A)EvidenceAct(1of1872),S.24CriminalP.
    C.(2of1974),Ss.164,313Retractedconfession
    ReliabilityStatementofaccusedwasvoluntaryin
    nature Magistrate taking all precautions and
    recording it after satisfying himself that statement
    wasvoluntaryinnatureItisreliable.1978CriLJ
    1251(SC),Rel.on(Paras18,19)

    136] Hefurthersubmittedthatafterfilingapplicationbythe
    InvestigatingOfficerforrecordingconfessionalstatementsofaccused
    no.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote,on2.9.2013Magistrate
    P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas before recording confessional statements of
    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote asked them
    whethertheywantedtogivereflectiontimetothinkoverandafter
    personalverificationboththeaccusedshowedtheirwillingnessabout
    confessionoftheirguiltandhencehehadgivenreflectiontimetothe
    accused till 4.9.2013 and again till 6.9.2013 and thereafter on
    6.9.2013 he recorded the confessional statement of accused no.1
    MaheshTirkiandsameprocedurewasadoptedbytheMagistratefor
    accused no.2 Pandu Narote andthesaidfact wasstatedbyP.W.12
    Nileshwar Vyas in his evidence and he satisfied himself that the
    confessional statements made by the accused were voluntary in
    nature. Hence, it appears that Magistrate has given sufficient
    reflectiontimetotheaccusedforrecordingtheirstatements.
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    137] In support of his submission he placed reliance on the


    judgmentof OrissaHighCourt incaseof JotishRoyv.TheState
    reportedin1982CRI.L.J.269whereinitisheldthat

    (B)CriminalP.C.(2of1974),S.164Confession
    Sufficienttimegiventoaccusedtoreflectandfree
    his mind from any possible influence of police
    Confession in such circumstances would be
    voluntaryinnature.[EvidenceAct(1872),S.29].

    (C)PenalCode(45of1860),S.300Murdercase
    Conviction of accused on basis of retracted
    confession without corroboration Not illega.
    [CriminalP.C.(2of1974),S.164].[EvidenceAct
    (1872),S.29]

    138] Hesubmittedthataccusedno.2Panduinhisconfessional
    statement (Exh.286) stated that since last twenty years he was
    workingfornaxalandattheinstanceofnaxalNarmadakkaearlierto
    theincidenthehadsuppliedradio,torchtothenaxalforwhichhe
    received money from naxal and that his conduct of helping the
    naxalitesandmembersofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)andits
    frontal organization RDF and knowingly facilitating them in their
    activitiessinceseveralyearsshowthathehadbeenactingforthem.
    Hence,theprovisionsofSection13,18,20,38,39oftheUnlawful
    Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 r/w Section 120 B of the Indian
    Penal Code are clearlyattractedtoaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2
    Pandu.
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    ArgumentofLd.AdvocateShriGadlingforAccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirkiandno.2PanduNaroteonConfession

    139] Per contra, the learned Advocate Shri Gadling for the
    accused submitted that prosecution has relied on the illegal
    confessionalstatementsmadebyaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2
    PanduNarote. Hesubmittedthatconfessionalstatementsmadeby
    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote were recorded
    underthethreatandpressureofpoliceandnotmadevoluntarilyand
    hence it can not be believed. To substantiate this defence he
    submitted that Magistrate P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas who allegedly
    recordedconfessionalstatementsof accusedno.1MaheshTirkiand
    no.2 Pandu Narote stated in his examinationinchief that accused
    no.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotewereproducedbeforehim
    on2382013andtheywereremandedtoMCRon292013andon
    thesamedayP.W.11SuhasBhawchemadeapplicationforrecording
    theconfessionalstatementofaccusedpersonsandonthatdayhehas
    notrecordedtheirstatementsashewantedtogivethemreflection
    timetothinkoverandon4.9.2013accusedpersonswereproduced
    bythepolicewhowerenotconnectedwithinvestigationofthiscase.
    He submitted that this was the subjective satisfaction of the
    MagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyasandthereisnomaterialonrecord
    thatthosepoliceofficerswerenotconnectedwiththeinvestigationof
    thecaseratherthereisevidencetoshowthatthepoliceofficerswho
    producedtheaccusedwereverywellconnectedwiththeinvestigation
    ofthiscase.
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    140] On this point he placed reliance on para no.23 of the


    depositionofInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheatExh.235in
    whichhestatedthataccusedweretakentoSPoffice,Gadchiroli,DIG
    officeGadchiroliandNaxalcell,Gadchiroliforinterrogationpurpose.
    ThisshowsthatallPoliceOfficersofGadchiroliareawereconnected
    withtheinvestigationofthecase.HesubmittedthatP.W.12Nileshwar
    Vyas stated that both accused were produced before him by HC
    AnwarQureshiB.no.1163.Thisshowsthatallthetimeaccusedwere
    in the custody of Aheri Police Station and police officers of Aheri
    PoliceStationareinterestedinrecordingconfessionalstatementsof
    accusedpersonsandtheywereconnectedwithinvestigationofcrime.

    141] HesubmittedthatMagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyasinhis
    examinationstatedthaton692013forwantoftimehecouldnot
    recordthestatementofno.2PanduPoraNaroteandonthesameday,
    InvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawchehasgivenanapplication
    that from 992013 onwards they would be engaged in Ganesh
    Festivalandetcandduetolawandorderproblem,theywouldnotbe
    able to produce the accused no.2 Pandu Narote and they sought
    permissioninwritingtoproducetheaccusedon892013andafter
    reading application and considering the prevailing circumstances
    thereinhemadeanorderthataccusedbeproducedon892013and
    on892013atabout330p.m.accusedwasproducedbeforehimfor
    recording his statement. From this para it is clear that P.W.12
    Nileshwar Vyas directed the Aheri Police to produce accused no.2
    Panduon8.9.2013attheinstanceofAheriPoliceStationonlyandhe
    wasnotactingindependently.
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    142] At this juncture, learned Advocate Shri Gadling pointed


    outthefactthatinthedepositionof P.W.12NileshwarVyasatpara
    no.5 where the word guard was typed there should be some
    correction and at the same time Marathi deposition should be
    considered and in the Marathi deposition it is mentioned that
    Whether the guard wasconnectedwiththe case ?. Thelearned
    Spl.P.P. Shri Sathainathan admitted the same and prayed for
    correctionasperMarathidepositionandAdvocateShriGadlingfor
    theaccusedshowednoobjectionforthesame.Hence,correctionwas
    madebyinsertingthewordWhether.

    143] Hepointedoutatpageno.9ofthedepositionofP.W.12
    NileshwarVyasatExh.277onlastthreelineswhereinitismentioned
    thataccusednos.1to3alightedatAheribusstandandtheywere
    makinggossipwitheachotheratthebusstand.Hesubmittedthat
    accordingtoP.W.6APIAvhadaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Pandu
    werestandingatsecludedplaceandaccusedno.3Hemcamethere
    afterwardsandallegedconfessionalstatementgivenbyaccusedno.2
    Pandudoesnotindicatethataccusednos.1,2and3cametogetherat
    Aheribusstand. ThisshowscontradictionintheevidenceofP.W.6
    APIAvhadandallegedconfessionalstatementofaccusedno.2Pandu
    Narote hence there is doubt about recording of confessional
    statements.

    144] He submitted that P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas stated in his


    examination that when the accused were produced before him he
    cametoknowthattheywereAdiwasisandbelongingtoMadiyaand
    Gond community and he did not make any enquiry with accused
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    abouttheireducationbeforerecordingtheirconfessionalstatements
    andabouttheirfamilybackgroundi.e.theirprofession,business,etc.
    and whether they were previously chargesheeted for any offence.
    P.W.12NileshwarVyasinthecertificatehasstatedthataccusedwere
    familiarwiththeCourtwhilerecordingentireconfessionbutinhis
    crossexaminationatparano.20headmittedthatwhentheaccused
    wereproducedbeforehimhecametoknowthattheywereAdiwasis
    andtheybelongingtoMadiyaandGondcommunityandtheywere
    not previously chargesheeted. Hence, version of P.W.12 that the
    accusedwerefamiliarwiththecourtisfalseandastheywerenotable
    tounderstandthelanguageandhehasnotcertifiedthisfactandhe
    signedonconfessionalstatementpreparedbyAheripoliceanddid
    notrecordanyconfessionalstatementofanyoftheaccusedandall
    the times accused no.1MaheshTirki andno.2Pandu Narote were
    producedbytheAheripoliceandundersuchcircumstancesstatement
    oftheMagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyasthataccusedwerenotunder
    thefearofpolice,istotallyfalse.

    145] He pointed outthat P.W.12NileshwarVyasin hiscross


    examinationatpara17admittedthatgivinganinducementorthreat
    bypoliceofficerisamisconductandalsoabuseofanauthorityasa
    policeofficerandaccusedno.5VijayTirkion24thSept.2013made
    complaint that he was threatened by police to make confessional
    statementandhedidnotinitiateanyactionagainstthepoliceofficer
    anddidnotinitiateanyenquirybecausetheaccuseddidnotgivethe
    details of threats and he did not record the question and answers
    givenbytheaccusedwithregardtothethreatsinExh.291andhehad
    nottakenanyactionagainstpoliceofficerforgivingthreattomake
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    confession.ThisshowsthatP.W.12NileshwarVyaswasnotimpartial
    towardstheaccused.

    146] Hesubmittedthatinparano.18ofthecrossexamination
    P.W.12NileshwarVyasadmittedthatnoneoftheaccusedhadmade
    application before him about the illtreatment by the police during
    investigationandaccusedno.1and2madewrittenapplicationbefore
    him about the illtreatment meted by them after recording their
    statement and he had not taken any action on the basis of their
    written application and even did not call any report from police
    officeranddidnottakecognizanceoftheircomplaints.Hefurther
    admittedthathecametoknowthatsaidconfessionwasvoluntarily
    made and application Exh.292 for illtreatment was made
    subsequentlyhence,hedidnottakeanycognizanceandonthesaid
    application he called say of APP and as the said application was
    receivedthroughenvelophedirectedhisstafftoattachwiththecase
    papersandtherewasendorsementtothateffectonitbutclerkofthe
    courtdidnotput itbeforehim. Hesubmittedthattheexplanation
    givenbyP.W.12NileshwarVyascannotbeaccepted.

    147] Hereliedonthecrossexaminationof P.W.12Nileshwar


    Vyaswhereinheindirectlyadmittedthathemighthavepassedorder
    inthiscaseforhandcuffingtheaccusedwhileproducingtheaccused
    beforethecourtandtheaccusedmighthavegivenapplicationbefore
    theCourtduringinvestigationnottohandcuffwhileproducingthem
    beforetheCourtandtheymighthavegivenapplicationbeforehim
    thattheywereproducedinhandcuffconditionandhandcuffshould
    beremovedandhemightnothavetakenthecognizanceforthesame.
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    ThisadmissiononthepartofP.W.12NileshwarVyasshowsthatthere
    wasilltreatmenttotheaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2Pandu
    Naroteatthehandsofpoliceandtheywereunderthepressureof
    policeandmadeconfessionalstatementsduetothreatsandfearof
    thepolice.

    ConclusiononthepointofConfessionStatementsofaccusedno.1
    MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote

    148] ToappreciatethesubmissionsmadebythelearnedSpl.P.P.
    ShriSathainathanfortheprosecutionandAdvocateShriGadlingfor
    accusedinrespectofconfessionsmadebyaccusedno.1MaheshTirki
    andno.2PanduNarote,itisnecessarytokeepinmindtherelated
    provisions dealing with offence and its ingredients of which the
    prosecutionallegesthataccusedhasbeenchargedwithandthento
    marshaltheevidenceaspertherequirementoflawtobringhomethe
    charges.

    149] ThewordConfessionhasnotbeendefinedintheCode
    ofCriminalProcedure,1973orinTheIndianEvidenceAct.ThePrivy
    CouncilinthecaseofPakalaNarayanswamivs.Emperor,reported
    inAIR1939PC47 heldthatthewordconfessionasusedinthe
    Evidence Act cannot be construed as meaning a statement by an
    accused suggesting the inference that he committed the crime. A
    confession must either admit in terms the offence, or at any rate
    substantiallyallthefactswhichconstitutetheoffence. Astatement
    thatcontainsselfexculpatorymattercannotamounttoaconfession,
    if the exculpatory statement is of some fact, which if true, would
    negativetheoffenceallegedtobeconfessed.
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    150] ThesaidprincipleoflawlaiddownwasfollowedbyApex
    CourtinthecaseofPalvinderKaurvs.StateofPunjabreportedin
    AIR1952SC354.

    151] Thelawrelatingtoconfessionislaiddownu/s24,25,26
    of the Evidence Act 1872. According to Section 24 of the Indian
    Evidence Act, 1872, confession caused by inducement threat or
    promise is inadmissible. Further, according to Sec.25 confession
    before police is inadmissible. As per Sec.26 confession made by
    accusedbeforeMagistrateisadmissible.

    152] The provisions of Sec.164 of the Code of Criminal


    ProcedureandtheguidelinesasissuedbyHighCourtofJudicature,
    BombaytotheCriminalCourtsandsubordinateofficersinChapterI
    of Criminal Manual lays down the procedure to be followed by
    JudicialMagisterialFirstClass,whilerecordingconfession.

    153] The provisions relating to recording of confession


    statement by Magistrate is under Section 164 of Cr.P.C. are is
    reproducedasunder:

    Section 164 : Recording of confessions and


    statements.
    (1) Any Metropolitan Magistrate or Judicial
    Magistratemay, whetherornothehasjurisdiction
    inthecase,recordanyconfession or statement
    madetohiminthecourseofaninvestigationunder
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    this Chapter or under any other law for the time


    beinginforce,oratanytimeafterwardsbeforethe
    commencementoftheinquiryortrial:
    Provided that no confession shall be
    recordedbyapoliceofficeronwhomanypowerof
    aMagistratehasbeenconferredunder anylawfor
    thetimebeinginforce.

    (2)TheMagistrateshall,beforerecordinganysuch
    confession, explain to the person making it
    thatheisnotboundtomakeaconfessionandthat,
    ifhedoesso,itmaybeusedasevidence against
    him;andtheMagistrateshallnotrecordanysuch
    confession unless, upon questioning the person
    makingit,hehasreasontobelievethatitisbeing
    madevoluntarily.

    (3)Ifatanytimebeforetheconfessionisrecorded,
    the person appearing before the Magistrate states
    that he isnot willingtomaketheconfession,the
    Magistrateshallnotauthorisethedetentionofsuch
    personinpolicecustody.

    (4) Any such confession shall be recorded in the


    manner provided in section 281 for recording the
    examinationofan accusedpersonandshallbe
    signedbythepersonmakingthe confession ; and
    theMagistrateshallmakeamemorandumat the
    footofsuchrecordtothefollowingeffect:
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    "Ihaveexplainedto(name)thatheisnotboundto
    make a confession and that, if he does so, any
    confession he may make may be used as evidence
    against him and I believe that this confession was
    voluntarily made. It was takenin my presence and
    hearing,andwasreadovertothepersonmakingit
    andadmittedbyhimtobecorrect,anditcontainsa
    fullandtrueaccountofthestatementmadebyhim.

    (Signed)A.B.
    Magistrate".

    (5)Anystatement(otherthanaconfession)made
    undersub section (1) shall be recorded in such
    manner hereinafter provided for the recording of
    evidenceasis,intheopinionoftheMagistrate,best
    fitted to the circumstances of the case ; and the
    Magistrateshallhavepowertoadministeroathto
    thepersonwhosestatementissorecorded.

    (6) The Magistrate recording a confession or


    statementunder thissectionshallforwardittothe
    Magistratebywhomthecaseistobeinquiredinto
    ortried.

    154] TheprovisionsofCriminalManualissuedbyBombayHigh
    Court for the guidance lays down detail procedure for recording
    confessionbyMagistrateanditlaysdownthepreliminaryquestions
    whicharetobeputtotheaccusedbyMagistrateinordertosatisfy
    voluntarinessofconfessionanditalsofurtherprescribesforissuance
    ofcertificateafterrecordingofconfessionalstatementbyMagistrate
    afterrecordingthesame.
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    155] In the present case, according to the prosecution the


    confessionwasdulyrecordedbytheMagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyas
    andaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Pandumadevoluntaryconfession
    andwithoutpressurebypolice. Hence,itcanberelied. However,
    AdvocateShriGadlingfortheaccusedsubmittedthattheconfession
    recorded by P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas cannot be relied on following
    grounds

    i] TheaccusedNo.1Maheshandno.2Panduretractedthe
    confession made by them by filing application at Exh.292 before
    P.W.12NileshwarVyas.
    ii] TheconfessionmadebyaccusedNo.1Maheshandno.2
    Panduwasnotvoluntaryoneanditwasunderpressureandthreatof
    police.

    iii] The accused No.1 Mahesh and no.2 Pandu were


    handcuffedwhentheywerebroughttoCourtforrecordingconfession
    andthisshowsthattheconfessionwasnotvoluntary.

    iv] The Magistrate has not taken any action against police
    afterfilingapplicationbyaccusedNo.1Maheshandno.2Panduat
    Exh.292.

    v] The accused No.1 Mahesh and no.2 Pandu know only


    Gondi language and they are not knowing Marathi and Hindi
    language.
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    vi] No sufficient time was given by the Magistrate P.W.12


    NileshwarVyasforreflection.

    ConfessionandRetraction

    156] Accused no.1 Mahesh and no.2 Pandu retracted their


    confessionvideapplication(Exh.292).Inthesaidapplication,these
    accusedhaveexpressedthatthepolicehadsubjectedthemtophysical
    andmentalharassmentduetowhichfeardevelopedintheirmind.
    Whenevertheirrelativesusedtocometomeetthem,thepolicewere
    sayingtheseaccusedthatincasetheydidnotmakeconfession,their
    relativeswouldbeentangledinothercases.Thus,itisthecontention
    ofaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Panduthattheywerecompelledto
    give confession on account of threat and pressure. On perusal of
    application(Exh.292)itrevealsthattheseaccusedjointlymadethis
    application in Hindi language and it bears signatures of both the
    accusedinMarathilanguage.

    157] The law relating to appreciation of confession and


    retractionthereofislaiddownbyFullBenchofApexCourtincase
    ofShankaria.v.StateofRajasthanreportedinAIR1978Supreme
    Court1248inpara22ofthejudgment.Parano.22ofthejudgmentis
    reproducedasunder:

    22.Itiswellsettledthataconfession,ifvoluntarily
    andtruthfullymade,isanefficaciousproofofguilt.
    Therefore, when in a capital case the prosecution
    demands a conviction ofthe accusedprimarilyon
    the basis of his confession recorded under S.164,
    Cr.P.C.,theCourtmustapplyadoubletest:
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    1] Whether the confession was perfectly


    voluntary?
    2]Ifso,whetheritistrueandtruthworthy?

    Satisfactionofthefirsttestisa sinequanon
    for itsadmissibilityin evidence. Ifthe confession
    appears to the Court to have been caused by any
    inducement,threatorpromisesuchasismentioned
    in S. 24, Evidence Act, it must be excluded and
    rejectedbrevimanu.Insuchacase,thequestionof
    proceedingfurthertoapplythesecondtest,doesnot
    arise. If the first test is satisfied, the court must,
    beforeactingupontheconfessionreachthefinding
    thatwhatisstatedthereinistrueandreliable.For
    judging the reliability of such a confession, or for
    that matter of any substantive piece of evidence,
    there is no rigid canon of universal application.
    Evenso,onebroadmethodwhichmaybeusefulin
    most cases for evaluating a confession may be
    indicated. TheCourtshouldcarefullyexaminethe
    confession and compare it with the rest of the
    evidence, in the light of the surrounding
    circumstancesandprobabilitiesofthe case. Ifon
    such examination and comparison, the confession
    appears to be a probable catalogue of events and
    naturallyfitsinwiththerestoftheevidenceandthe
    surroundingcircumstances,itmaybetakentohave
    satisfiedthesecondtest.

    Further,inparano.85ofthejudgmentitisobservedas
    under:
    85. Wheretheaccused,whileretractinghis
    confession,didnotsaythathewastutoredbypolice
    tomaketheconfessionbutonlysaidthathemadeit
    under compulsion andthreat andwasfalse anda
    perusal of the confessional statement would show
    that prima facie there was nothing improbable or
    unbelievable in it; that it appeared to be a
    spontaneous account, studded with such vivid
    detailsaboutthemannerofthecommissionofthe
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    crimesinquestion,whichonlytheperpetratorofthe
    crimes could know, and the confession received
    assurance in several material particulars from
    reliable independent evidence, mainly of
    circumstantial character, held the confession,
    coupledwiththeotherevidenceontherecord,had
    unerringly and indubitably brought home the
    chargestotheaccused.

    158] On the point of retracted confession of coaccused and


    admissibilityagainstotheraccusedFullBenchofApexCourtincase
    ofRamPrakash.v.StateofPunjabreportedinAIR1959Supreme
    Court1inpara6observedasunder:

    Section30,EvidenceAct,makesitclearthatwhere
    morepersonsthanonearebeingtriedjointlyforthe
    sameoffence,aconfessionmadebyanyoneofthem
    affectinghimselfandanyoneofhiscoaccusedcan
    be taken into consideration by the court not only
    againstthemakeroftheconfessionbutalsoagainst
    hiscoaccused.TheEvidenceActnowhereprovides
    thatiftheconfessionisretracted,ifcannotbetaken
    into consideration against the coaccused or the
    confessingaccused. Accordingly,theprovisionsof
    the Evidence Act do not prevent the Court from
    taking into consideration a retracted confession
    againsttheconfessingaccusedandhiscoaccused.

    Theamountofcredibilitytobeattached
    to a retracted confession, however, would depend
    upon the circumstances of each particular case.
    Although a retracted confession is admissible
    against a coaccused by virtue of S. 30, Evidence
    Act, as a matterofprudence andpractice acourt
    would not ordinarily act upon it to convict a co
    accused without the strongest and fullest
    corroboration on material particulars. The
    corroborationinthefullsenseimpliescorroboration
    notonlyastothefactumofthecrimebutalsoasto
    theconnectionofthecoaccusedwiththatcrime.
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    159] When the accused makes confession and there is some


    exculpatorystatementandifthesaidstatementisfoundtobetruthful
    thenitcanbetakenintoconsideration.However,ifitisfoundtobe
    nottruthfulitwillbeproperforthecourttorejectsomeexculpatory
    partorinculpatorypartwhichisnottruthful. Atthisjuncture,itis
    necessarytoconsiderratiolaiddownbyDelhiHighCourtincaseof
    BabuLalandanotherv.TheStateandothersreportedin1982
    Cri.L.J.41,whereinitisobservedasunder:

    (A)EvidenceAct(1of1872),S.24Confessional
    statementconsistingofinculpatoryandexculpatory
    partsAcceptanceofonepartPermissibility.
    Where a confession consists of exculpatory
    andinculpatoryparts,itispermissibletobelieveone
    partanddisbelieveanother.1979Cri.L.J.645,Rel.
    on(Para12)

    160] The Apex Court in the case of Mohammed Ajmal


    Mohammad Amir Kasab alias Abu Mujahid .v. State of
    Maharashtrareportedin(2012)SCC1heldthat

    Criminal Procedure Code, 1972 S. 164


    Confession before Magistrate Whether voluntary
    andtruthfulSomereferenceinconfessionabout
    c0accused(TA2andTA3)whowereinvolvedonly
    inpreparationofmapsandnotinactualattacks)
    being unsatisfactory But regarding rest of
    confession,held,thereisnoreasontodoubtthatif
    wasnotmadevoluntarilyandwithoutanyinfluence
    or duress from any external agency Magistrate
    fully resorted to all safeguards under S.164 CrPC
    andgaveTA1sufficienttime(i.e.3daystime)to
    reflectastowhetherhereallywantedtomakethe
    confession.
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    161] Inviewofsettledprincipleoflawitistobeseenwhether
    theconfessionalstatementsmadebyaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2
    Pandu before the Magistrate P.W.12Nileshwar Vyaswere voluntary
    andtruthfulandtheexculpatorypartofconfessioncanbebelieved.
    Inthepresentcaseattheendofconfession,accusedno.1Maheshand
    no.2 Pandu stated that naxalsusedtoassaultthemandpressurize
    themtodotheworkasdirectedbythenaxals.Thisisanexculpatory
    part. Further,itistobeseenwhetherthesaidexculpatorypartis
    truthful.Inboththeconfessionalstatementstheaccusedno.1Mahesh
    andno.2Panduclearlystatedthefactthatforthreetofourtimesat
    the instance of underground naxal Narmadakka they had gone to
    Ballarsha Railway station to receive the member of banned
    organizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDFandthey
    took them to Abuzmad forest area as directed by Narmadakka for
    meeting with senior leaders of Maoist cadre who were hiding in
    Abuzmad forest area and the accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki & No.2
    PanduNarotewerefullywellawarethattherewasmeetingofthe
    undergroundmembersofbannedterroristorganization.

    162] Hadtheaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Panduwerenot
    activemembersofthesaidorganisationtheywouldnothaveacted
    three times to bring Maoist leaders to Abuzmad forest area for
    attendingthemeetingsandtheywouldhavemadecomplaintabout
    thesameeithertopoliceofAheriorpoliceofBallarshawherethey
    had gone to receive the members of banned organisation at the
    instanceofundergroundnaxalNarmadakka.AtBallarshatheycould
    have approachedtoPolice Station buttheirconduct toreceivethe
    membersofbannedorganisationfor2/3timesclearlyshowsthatthey
    areactivemembersofsuchbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)andits
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    frontalorganisationRDF. Thisconductonthepartofaccusedno.1
    Maheshandno.2Pandushowsthatexculpatorypartmadebybothof
    theminconfessionistruthfulone.

    RetractionofConfession

    163] In the present case,the accusedno.1Maheshandno.2


    PandutriedtoretracttheirconfessionmadebeforeMagistrate(P.W.12
    Nileshwar Vyas) by filing application vide Exh.292 on 3.10.2015.
    ThesaidapplicationiswritteninHindilanguageandbelowthesaid
    application both the accused signed in Marathi language. The
    accused nos.1 Mahesh and no.2 Pandu in their statement u/s 313
    Cr.P.C. specifically have taken defence that the confession was
    recordedunderthepressureofpolice. Intheapplication(Exh.292)
    theseaccusedhaveexpressedthatthepolicehadsubjectedthemto
    physicalandmentalharassmentduetowhichfeardevelopedintheir
    mindandfurthertheystatedthatwhenevertheirrelativesusedto
    cometomeetthem,thepolicetoldtheseaccusedthatincasetheydo
    not make confession, their relatives would be entangled in other
    cases.Thus,itiscontentionofaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Pandu
    thattheywerecompelledtogiveconfessiononaccountofthreatand
    pressure.

    164] Theaccusedno.1Maheshinhisstatementu/s313Cr.P.C.
    hastakendefencethathemadeconfessionunderthethreatofpolice.
    Therelevantquestionsputtoaccusedno.1Maheshinhisstatement
    u/s313Cr.P.C.arereproducedasunder:
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    Q.67: Ithasfurthercomeinhisevidencethaton29
    2013theinvestigatingofficerAherimadeapplication
    beforehimforrecordingthestatementofyouaccused
    regardingconfessionofyouaccusedMaheshTirkiand
    PanduNaroteandonthesameday,hehasinformed
    you both the accused that the police have made
    applicationthattheyweregoingtomakeconfessional
    statement.Whathaveyoutosayaboutit?

    Ans: Police assaulted me, hence, I showed our


    willingnesstogivestatement.

    Q.68: Ithasfurthercomeinhisevidencethathealso
    asked youtothinkaboutmakingofconfessionand
    onthatdayyouwerewillingtomakeconfessionbut
    hehasnotrecordedyourstatementsashewantedto
    giveyoureflectiontimetothinkoverandhemadeit
    knowntoyoubothaccusedthatifyouweretomake
    confessionalstatements.Whathaveyoutosayabout
    it?

    Ans: Yes. Police werestandingatthedoor ofcourt


    hall.

    Q.69: Ithasfurthercomeinhisevidencethat after


    personalverificationofbothofyou,youshowedyour
    willingnessabouttheconfessionofyourguilt,hence,
    hehadgivenyoutimetill492013andyouboththe
    accusedproducedon492013.Whathaveyoutosay
    aboutit?

    Ans: Yes. Police werestandingatthedoor ofcourt


    hall.

    Q.72: It has further come in his evidence that after


    yourproductionhehasplacedyouintowitnessbox
    onebyoneandhas takentheprecautionthat you
    both the accused and police were not audible and
    visibletoeachotherandheappraisedyouboththe
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    accused that you were not in police custody. What


    haveyoutosayaboutit?

    Ans: Yes.Magistrateaskedthequestionstome,but
    policewerepresentatthedoorofthehallofthecourt.

    165] Theaccusedno.2PanduNaroteinhisstatementu/s313
    Cr.P.C.hasalsotakenthesamedefenceandtherelevantquestionsput
    toaccused no.2 PanduNaroteinhisstatement u/s313Cr.P.C.are
    reproducedasunder:

    Q.76: Ithasfurthercomeinhisevidencethaton29
    2013theinvestigatingofficerAherimadeapplication
    beforehimforrecordingthestatementofyouaccused
    regardingconfessionofyouaccusedMaheshTirkiand
    PanduNaroteandonthesameday,hehasinformed
    you both the accused that the police have made
    applicationthattheyweregoingtomakeconfessional
    statement.Whathaveyoutosayaboutit?

    Ans:Police assaulted me, hence, we showed our


    willingnesstogivestatement.

    Q.77: Ithasfurthercomeinhisevidencethathealso
    askedyoutothinkaboutmakingofconfessionandon
    thatdayyouwerewillingtomakeconfessionbuthe
    hasnotrecordedyourstatementsashewantedtogive
    you reflection time to think over and he made it
    knowntoyoubothaccusedthatifyouweretomake
    confessionalstatements.Whathaveyoutosayabout
    it?

    Ans: Yes. Policewerestandingatthedoor ofcourt


    hall.

    Q.78: Ithasfurthercomeinhisevidencethat after


    personalverificationofbothofyou,youshowedyour
    willingnessabouttheconfessionofyourguilt,hence,
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    hehadgivenyoutimetill492013andyouboththe
    accusedproducedon492013.Whathaveyoutosay
    aboutit?

    Ans: Yes. Police werestandingatthedoor ofcourt


    hall.
    Q.80: Ithasfurthercomeinhisevidencethatafter
    yourproductionhehasplacedyouintowitnessbox
    onebyoneandhas takentheprecautionthat you
    both the accused and police were not audible and
    visibletoeachotherandheappraisedyouboththe
    accused that you were not in police custody or
    magisterialcustody.Whathaveyoutosayaboutit?

    Ans: Yes. Magistrate asked the questions to us and


    butpolicewerepresentatthedoorofthehallofthe
    court.

    166] Accordingtobothaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Pandu,
    theyretractedtheearlierconfessionbyfilingapplication(Exh.292)
    butongoingthroughtheconfessionrecordedbyMagistrateP.W.12
    NileshwarVyasitisclearlyrevealedthattheystatedthatnaxalites
    usedtoassaultthemandpressurizethemtodotheworkasdirected
    by the naxalites. Had there been really mental and physical
    harassmenttoaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Panduatthehandsof
    policeandhadtheymadeconfessionalstatementunderthecoercion
    or threats at the hands of police both accused could have stated
    before the Magistrate about the said fact as they stated in the
    retractionapplication(Exh.292)thatbecauseoffearofpolicethey
    madeconfessionalstatementrecordedbyP.W.12NileshwarVyas.This
    showsthattheretractionmadebytheaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2
    Pandu about the confession that they made confession under the
    threatorcoercionbypoliceisfalse. Further,P.W.12NielshwarVyas
    stated that he did not take any cognizance on the application of
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    retraction (Exh.292) filed by accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2


    PanduNaroteasatthetimeofrecordingconfessionalstatements,he
    hadsatisfiedthataccusedweremakingtheirconfessionoutoftheir
    freewillandwithoutpressureofpolice.Hence,itcannotberelied
    upon.

    167] Theconfessionwaschallengedonthegroundthataccused
    no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote are knowing Gondi
    languageandtheyarenotknowingHindiandMarathilanguageand
    thisdefencewastakenbyaccusedintheirstatementu/s313ofCr.P.C.
    andduringcrossexaminationofMagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyas.In
    crossexamination of Magistrate P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas, suggestion
    wasputtohimthataccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Panduwerenot
    conversant with Marathi language in which statements were
    recorded. ButthissuggestionwasdeniedbyP.W.12NileshwarVyas
    and he clearly stated that bothaccused were speaking in Hindiin
    court.P.W.12NileshwarVyasdeniedthataccusedwerenotabletotalk
    inMarathiandnotknowingHindi.Itisimportanttonotethatafter
    recordingstatementu/s313ofCr.P.C.,accusedno.1MaheshandNo.2
    PandusignedbelowtheirrespectivestatementsinMarathilanguage.
    The accused no.1 Mahesh and No.2Pandu retractedconfession by
    filingjointapplicationatExh.292. ThesaidapplicationisinHindi
    languageandbelowthesaidapplicationaccusedno.1Maheshand
    No.2 Pandu also signed in Marathi language and in the said
    application it is not stated that they were not knowing Marathi
    language. This showsthat accusedno.1Maheshandno.2Pandu
    werewellconversantwithMarathiandHindilanguage.
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    168] Further,theApexcourtinthecaseofWariyamSinghand
    others.v.StateofU.P. reportedin AIR1996SupremeCourt305
    whiledealingthecaseunderTADAActobservedasunder:

    (E) Terrorist and Disruptive Activities


    (Prevention)Act(28of1987,S.15Confession
    Recordingof,byPoliceOfficerinHindilanguage
    None of accused expressing any difficulty in
    understanding language in which confessional
    statement was recorded Plea raised by one of
    accusedafterabout1andyearsthathecouldnot
    followsaidlanguageNottenable.(Para14)

    169] Inviewofabovethedefenceoftheaccusedisthatthey
    werenotknowingMarathilanguageisfalse.

    Whethersufficienttimewasgivenforreflection.

    170] Further it has come on record that when accused were


    producedbeforetheMagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyason23.8.2013
    then they were remanded to magisterial custody till 2.9.2013 and
    thereaftertheywereagainproducedfromJailtoCourton2.9.2013
    andonthatdayInvestigatingOfficermadeapplicationforrecording
    confessionalstatementsofaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Panduand
    further the evidence of Magistrate P.W.12 Nilehswar Vyas clearly
    revealsthatthereafteron4.9.2013accusedno.1MaheshandNo.2
    Pandu were produced by escort police officers who were not
    connected with the investigation of the case. Nothing has been
    broughtonrecordtoshowthatthepoliceofficerswhowerestanding
    outsidethecourtroomwereconnectedwiththeinvestigationofthis
    case.Thepoliceofficerwhowereescortingtheaccusedno.1Mahesh
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    andno.2Pandufromjailtocourttimetotimecannotbeconsidered
    aspoliceofficerswhoareinvolvedintheinvestigationofcrimeor
    case. Atthisjuncture,itisnecessarytoconsiderratiolaiddownby
    Orissa High Court in case of Kurungalanga Luxman v. State
    reportedin1964(1)Cri.L.J.464whereinitisobservedasunder:

    (C) Evidence Act (1 of 1872), S.26, S.24


    AdmissibilityofconfessionUndertrialprisoner
    Escortingof,toMagistrateEscortingPoliceOfficer
    not connected with investigation Magistrate
    ascertaining voluntary nature of confession
    Confessionheldwasvoluntary.

    171] IthascomeintheevidenceofMagistrateP.W.12Nileshwar
    Vyas that accused no.1 MaheshTirki and no.2Pandu Narote were
    produced before him on 2382013 and thereafter they were
    remanded to MCR on 292013 and on 292013 the investigating
    officerAheriP.W.11SuhasBawchemadeapplicationbeforehimfor
    recordingthe confessionalstatementsofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki
    andno.2PanduNaroteandheinformedboththeaccusedaboutthe
    sameandaskedthemtothinkaboutmakingofconfession. Ithas
    furthercomeinhisexaminationthatonthatdaybothaccusedno.1
    Maheshandno.2Panduwerewillingtomakeconfessionbuthehas
    notrecordedtheirstatementsas hewantedtogivethemreflection
    timetothinkoverandhemadeitknowntobothaccusedthatifthey
    wanttomakeconfessionalstatementsthenitcanbeusedasevidence
    againstthem.

    172] ThiswitnessP.W.12NileshwarVyasfurtherstatedthathe
    putcertainquestionstoaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Panduoneby
    one and prepared their memorandum statements separately and
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    noted down all the questions and answers as stated by them and
    examined them one by one and the other accused was out of the
    courtandnotinpresenceofboth.MagistrateP.W.12Vyashastaken
    precaution while recording statement of accused no.1 Mahesh and
    no.2Panduthataccusedandpoliceofficerspresentincourtpremises
    were not visible to each other. The police officer who produced
    accused were not connected with investigation of the case.
    Memorandumregardingquestionsandanswersputtoaccusedno.2
    Pandu Narote is at Exh.278 andmemorandumregardingquestions
    andanswersputtoMaheshTirkiisatExh.279.Aftersatisfyingthat
    the accused were making confessional statements voluntarily he
    recordedthestatementofaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Panduand
    afterrecordingstatementshetooksignatureofbothaccusedontheir
    respectiveconfessionalstatementsandsignedhimselfandthereafter
    several certificate appended vide Exh.287 (Certificate I), Exh.288
    (CertificateII)andExh.289(CertificateIII)asperCriminalmanual
    issuedbytheHighCourt. Hespecificallystatedthatwhenaccused
    no.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteretractedtheirconfessional
    statements by filing application Exh.292 he did not take any
    cognizance because he did not find any substance in the said
    application (Exh.292) as at the time of recording confessional
    statements, he had satisfied that accused were making their
    confessionoutoftheirfreewillandwithoutpressureofpolice.

    173] FromtheevidenceofMagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyasit
    revealsthatafterproductionofaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Pandu
    heplacedthemintowitnessboxonebyoneandtakenprecautionthat
    both the accused and police were not audible and visible to each
    other.Thereafter,heappraisedboththeaccusedthattheywerenotin
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    police custody and asked one by one whether they had any ill
    treatment in police custody and asked them whether they were
    induced by police to make confessional statements to which they
    replied in negative. A Magistrate (P.W.12 Vyas) also asked accused
    no.1 Mahesh and no.2 Pandu whether they have been induced by
    policeoranyotherpersonsresponsiblefortheirarresttowhichthey
    replied in negative. He informed themthat he wanted toexamine
    theminpersonandthenheexaminedbodyofboththeaccusedand
    foundnoexternalinjuriesonthebodyofboththeaccused. After
    makingnotesofallquestionsandrepliesgivenbyboththeaccused
    and aftermakingtheseparatenoteofthesame,P.W.12Nileshwar
    Vyas realized that the accused had given satisfactory answers and
    ready to give confessionsvoluntarily. Therefore,he adjournedthe
    matter for two days till 692013 for giving reflection time and
    explainedboththeaccusedthattheywouldbeinmagisterialcustody.
    FromcrossexaminationofP.W.12NileshwarVyas,itrevealsthatthere
    isnosuggestiononthepartofdefenceaboutgivingreflectiontimeto
    accusedforconfession.

    Corroboration to the confessional statement made by accused


    no.1Maheshandno.2PandubyevidenceofP.W.9RajuAtram

    174] Both the accused no.1 Mahesh and No.2 Pandu have
    narrateddetailstoryabouttheparticularroleplayedbythemanditis
    clear from their confessional statements that underground naxal
    Narmadakka had called both accused in village Todgatta and
    accordingly both of them at about 300 p.m. reached in village
    Todgatta and nearby four naxal persons alongwith weapon were
    present there and naxal accused Narmadakka asked accused no.1
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    Maheshthatheshouldgoalongwithaccusedno.2PanduNaroteon
    28thMay2013toBallarshaRailwayStationandthereafter,on28th
    May2013bothaccusedreachedatBallarshaRailwayStationat1000
    a.m.andatthattime,twopersonsreachedthereandaccusedno.2
    Pandu Narote went alongwith them on the same day and accused
    no.1MaheshTirkistayedtherebecausehewastoldbyNarmadakka
    thaton29thMay2013oneRajuAtram(P.W.9)hailingfromAlapalli
    would cometoBallarshaRailwayStationtohandovercashamount
    ofRs.5,00,000/andsaidamountwastobegiventoonepersonwho
    wouldcomefromDelhi.

    175] Theyfurtherstatedthaton29thMay,2013atabout900
    a.m.whenRajuAtram(P.W.9)andaccusedno.1Maheshweresitting
    inthewaitingroom,twopersonscamethereandafteridentification,
    P.W.9RajuAtramgavetheamounttothatpersonandhewentaway.
    Againon14August2013Narmadakkacametohisvillagealongwith
    15to20naxalitesandbothaccusedwerecalledintheforestsituated
    outside the village and when they went there Narmadakka was
    presentalongwitharmednaxalitesandshetoldthemthaton20/22
    August2013twopersonswerecomingtoBallarshaRailwayStation
    andtheywouldcomeeither10.00a.m.or2.00p.m.andsheaskedto
    takethesepeopleatvillageLendarandhaltatthehouseofKomati
    BabusituatedatvillageLendarandNarmadakkahadgivenonechit
    for handing over to said persons which would be used for
    identification purpose and in themorningatabout 9.00a.m.both
    accusedwenttoBallarshaRailwayStationandtheytookthatperson
    i.e. accused no.3 Hem Mishra toAheribyS.T.busandwhenthey
    weretalkingatAheribusstand,bythattimepolicearrestedaccused
    no.1Mahesh,no.2Panduandno.3HemMishra.
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    176] Asdiscussedabove,fromtheevidenceofP.W.9RajuAtram
    whichistestedbylearneddefencecounselduringcrossexamination
    andnothinghasbeenelicitedfromhiscrossexaminationtodisbelieve
    hisevidenceonthepointthatintheyear2013therewasacampat
    Murewadawhereheacquaintedwithaccusedno.2PanduNaroteand
    no.1MaheshTirkiandthataccusedno.2PanduNarotecametohim
    and told that Narmadakka is calling him and thereupon, he told
    accusedno.2PanduNarotethathehadcomebackfromhisworkand
    hewastiredandhewillgoafter23daysbuthewastoldbyaccused
    no.2PanduNarotethattherewasurgentworkandtherefore,onthe
    twowheelerhewentwithaccusedno.2PanduonhisMotorCyclein
    the forest of Todalgatta and reached there at about 700 p.m.
    Further, after half an hour, one lady by name Narmadakka came
    there,hewasnotknowingherandhecouldnotidentifyherasitwas
    dark and that accused no.2 Pandu Narote told him that she was
    Narmadakkaandshetoldhimthatwhetherhewoulddoherworkfor
    handingoverRs.5LacswhenMaheshandPanduwouldmeethimat
    BallarshaRailwayStationandshehandedovermoneyinthepacket
    and he did not count the said money and on 27th of that month
    accusedno.2PanduNaroteandno.1MaheshTirkihadcometohis
    house at Alapalli and told him that he should come at Ballarsha
    RailwayStationalongwithsaidmoneywhichhehadreceivedfrom
    Narmadakkaandonnextdaylefthishouse.

    177] Thereafter,on2952013heleftbybusat600a.m.and
    reached Ballarsha Railway Station at 1000 a.m., accused no.1
    Maheshandaccusedno.2PanduweresittinginthehallofRailway
    Station, he went and sat with them and thereafter, two unknown
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    persons came there and accused no.2 Pandu went to them and
    discussedwiththemandthereafter,accusedno.2Panducametohim
    andtookthemoneypacketandgavetoonepersonoutofthem.Out
    of those two persons, one person, he himself and accused no.1
    MaheshcamebacktoAlapalliandtheycametohishouseandtook
    somefoodandwentawaytobusstand.Assuchnothingisbrought
    onrecordtodisbelievetheconfessionalstatementsmadebyaccused
    no.1MaheshatExh.280andaccusedno.2PanduatExh.286.Hence,
    inviewofjudgmentofApexCourtinthecaseof RamPrakash.v.
    stateofPunjabreportedinAIR1959SupremeCourt1citedsupra,
    theconfessionalstatementsmadebyaccusedno.1Maheshandno.2
    Pandu can be taken into consideration against accused no.3 Hem
    MishraalsounderSection30oftheEvidenceActasallaccusedare
    triedjointly.

    178] From the evidence of P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas, Judicial


    MagistrateF.C.,Aheriitisprovedthataccusedno.1MaheshTirkiand
    no.2 Pandu Narote voluntarily made confessional statements. The
    confessional statements are corroborated by the evidence of P.W.9
    RajuPoriyaAtramandfurtherfromtheevidenceofpanchwitness
    P.W.1SantoshBawneseizureofincriminatingarticlesisprovedfrom
    thepossessionof accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote
    andfromthecrossexaminationofwitnessescitedabovenothinghas
    beenbroughtonrecordbythedefencetodisbelievetheirevidence
    aboutthefactthataccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote
    havemadeconfessionalstatementsvoluntarilyandoutoftheirfree
    willandwithoutpressureofpolice.
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    179] Itisthedefenceoftheaccusedthataccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote were arrested at Ballarsha Railway
    stationandnotatAheribusstand. Accordingtotheirdefenceon
    21.8.2013accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNorotewere
    notpresentinAheriPoliceStationandpolicefalselyimplicatedthem
    inthiscase.InthisrespectthelearneddefenceAdvocateShriGadling
    submittedthataccordingtoprosecutionfromtheinterrogationwith
    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote police came to
    knowthataccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotehanded
    over amount of Rs.5 lakhs through P.W.9 Raju Poriya Aram to the
    member of banned organisation CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organisationRDFatBallarshaRailwaystationattheinstanceoflady
    naxalNarmadakka.HesubmittedthatP.W.9RajuAtraminhiscross
    examinationadmittedthatwhenhewascalledatAheriPoliceStation
    on 21st August 2013, accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu
    Narote were not present in Police Station, Aheri and the arrest
    panchanamasofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteand
    no.3HemMishrawereallegedtobeeffectedon22.8.2013.Itwas
    argued,thisshowsthataccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2Pandu
    Narotewerearrestedonearlierdateandfalsearrestpanchanamas
    werepreparedshowingthataccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2Pandu
    Naroteandno.3HemMishrawerearrestedon22.8.2013.

    180] On going through the relevant portion of cross


    examinationofP.W.9RajuAtramitisclearthatthiswitnesshasnot
    specifically stated the date when police came to know from
    interrogation of accused that he handed over Rs.5,00,000/ from
    NarmaddakkaatBallarshaRailwaystation.Hehasnotgiventhedate
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    whenhecametoknowthisfactandhespecificallydeniedthatwhen
    on21sthewasagaincalledinpolicestationatthattimeaccusedno.1
    Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote were not present in police
    stationwhichshowsthattill21sthewasnotknowingthisfact.From
    thisitrevealsthataccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteand
    no.3HemMishrawerearrestedon22.08.2013andapartfromthe
    evidenceofprosecutionwitnessesi.e.theinformantP.W.6AtulAvhad
    andPoliceInspectorP.W.10AnilBadgugjar,itgetscorroborationfrom
    theconfessionalstatementofacccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2
    Pandu Narote at Exh.280 and 286, wherein they stated that they
    alongwithaccusedno.3 arrestedatsecludedplacenearAheriBus
    Stand on 22.08.2013 and hence, the version of defence that the
    accusedno.1to3werearrerstedon20.08.2013atBallarshaRailway
    stationisnotacceptable.

    181] Further,thefactofhandingoveramountofRs.5,00,000/
    tothemembersofbannedorganizationatBallarshaRailwayStation
    by accused no.2 Pandu Narote is corroborated by the evidence of
    P.W.9 Raju Atram who stated in his examination that lady naxal
    NarmadakkahandedoverRs.5,00,000/tohimandheattheinstance
    ofladynaxalNarmadakkacarriedoutthesameatBallarshaRailway
    Stationandhandedovertoaccusedno.2PanduNarotewhohadgave
    the said amount of Rs.5,00,000/ to the members of banned
    organizationwhocamefromDelhi.

    182] Fromtheconfessionalstatementsofaccusedno.1Mahesh
    TirkiandNo.2PanduNarote,itisclearthatattheinstanceofnaxal
    ladyNarmadakkatheyhadbeentoRailwayStationBallarshafor34
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    times to receive the members of banned organisation to have


    meetings with underground naxals and they were providing meals
    and important things like torch etc. and further from their
    confessionalstatementsitisclearthattheyhad comewithaccused
    no.3HemMishratoAheriandtheywerearrestedatsecludedplace
    nearAheribusstand.Thisactofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2
    PanduNarotetakingaccusedno.3HemMishratohavemeetingwith
    undergroundnaxalsNarmadakkashowsthattheyhaveassistedand
    facilitatedhimwithintentiontofurthertheterrorist activities.The
    statementonthepartofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2Pandu
    Narote that they had been to Ballarsha Railwaystation for 3 to 4
    times to receive the members of banned organisation to have a
    meetingwithundergroundnaxalsandtheywereprovidingmealsand
    importantthingsliketorchetc.andboththeaccusedstatedthaton
    29.5.2013theyhadbeentoBallarshaRailwayStationandP.W.9Raju
    AtramcametherealongwithamountofRs.5lakhswhichweregiven
    bynaxalladyNarmadakkaforhandingoverthesametomembersof
    bannedorganizationandatBallarshaRailwayStationaccusedno.2
    PanduNarotetookthatamountfromP.W.9RajuAtramandhanded
    overthesametothemembersofbannedorganizationwhohadcome
    to Ballarsha Railway Station is an admission of guilt for offence
    punishableundersection18,38and39ofUAPA.

    Caseagainstaccusedno.6Saibaba

    183] Inrespectofaccusedno.6Saibaba,itisthecaseofthe
    prosecution that Investigating Officer P.W.11 SDPO Suhas Bawche
    whileinterrogatingwithaccusedno.3HemMishraandaccusedno.4
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    PrashantRahicametoknowabouttheinvolvementofaccusedno.6
    SaibabaandthereafterInvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.21)
    soughtpermissionfromJMFCAheriVyas(P.W.12)fortakinghouse
    search of accused no.6 Saibaba at Delhi and after taking the
    permissionhealongwithMaharashtrapolicewenttoDelhiandwith
    thehelpofpolicestaffofMorisNagarPoliceStationofDelhiandin
    presenceofpanchwitnessJagatBhole(P.W.2)searchofthehouseof
    accused no.6 Saibaba was conducted and from his house search
    extensive electronic gadgets CDs, DVDs, pendrives, memory cards,
    harddisks (Art no.1 to 41) and other articles like magazine
    Janapratirodh, one printout, photograph of lady naxal with gun,
    bookbynamePrashembabuMaowadiNahiHain,bookletwithtitle
    People's Hero Comrade Kishanji and one magazine The arrested
    regarding banned organization CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organizationRDFwereseizedunderpanchanamaatExh.165dated
    12/09/2013.

    184] Thereafter Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche


    depositedallthepropertiesseizedfromthehousesearchofaccused
    no.6SaibabaintheMalkhanaofAheriPoliceStationwithMuddemal
    ClerkGaneshRathod(P.W.13)videExh.276C&276Don13.09.2013.
    On14.9.2013InvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawchetookoutsaid
    property for investigation purpose and he opened and verified the
    sameinpresenceofpanchP.W.4ShrikantGaddewarandagainsealed
    under panchanama (Exh.202) and on the same day P.W.11 Suhas
    Bawchesentthepropertyno.1to25(i.e.Articles1to41)toCFSL,
    Mumbai through carrier P.W.5 Ravindra Kumbhare. On 22.09.2013
    P.W.5RavindraKumbharebroughttwoharddiskcontaininghardsoft
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    copies from CFSL, Mumbai and panchanama to that effect was


    preparedon23.09.2013atExh.204.

    185] Further on 6.10.2013 P.W.5 Ravindra Kumbhare again


    brought two harddisks containing softcopies and panchanama to
    that effect was prepared on 7.10.2013 vide Exh.205 and both the
    harddisks were brought by carrier P.W.5 Ravindra Kumbhare and
    after receipt of both the harddisks and after viewing the mirror
    images in soft copies of harddisks supplied by CFSL, Mumbai
    printoutsofincriminatingdocumentsweretakenoutbyInvestigating
    Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in presence of panch witness P.W.4
    ShrikantGaddewarandthoseprintoutsweresenttoCFSL,Mumbai
    forcertificationbyletterdated30.1.2014(Exh.263)whichwerefiled
    alongwithchargesheet.Thereafter,fromCFSL,Bombay,Investigating
    OfficerP.W.11SuhasBawchereceivedanalysisreport(Exh.267)dated
    15.2.2014inrespectofEx.1to25(i.e.Articlesno.1to41)annexed
    with certified hardcopies 247 pages containing incriminating text
    material.

    EVIDENCE

    186] To prove the above allegations levelled against accused


    No.6 Saibaba, prosecution has relied on the evidence of following
    witnesses:

    Sr. P.W. NameofWitness Exh.


    No. No. No.
    1] P.W.11 Suhas Prakash Bawche, SDPO, the 235
    InvestigatingOfficer.
    2] P.W.2 Jagat Bhole, the panch witness of the 164
    panchanamainrespectofhousesearch
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    134 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    andseizureofmuddemalfromaccused
    no.6Saibaba.
    3] P.W.5 Ravindra Manohar Kumbhare, the PC 210
    and carrier who carried and deposited
    themuddemaltoCFSL,Mumbai.
    4] P.W.15 Narendra Shitalprasad Dube, Station 308
    DiaryDutyAmaldar.
    5] P.W.21 BhaveshNikam,ScientificExpert. 371
    6] P.W.7 Apeksha Kishor Ramteke, WPC, who 222
    broughtmuddemalpropertyfromCFSL,
    Mumbai.

    187] Besides this, the prosecution relied on the following


    documentstoprovetheallegationsagainstaccusedno.6Saibaba
    1 Seizure panchanama dated 12.9.2013 in respect Exh.165
    of electronic gadgets (Arts.1 to 41) CDs, DVDs,
    pendrives, harddisks from the possession of
    accusedno.6Saibaba
    2 Letter dated 14.9.2013 to CFSL, Mumbai for Exh.212
    analysisofelectronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)CDs,
    DVDs, pendrives, harddisks from the house
    searchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    3 Panchanama dated 23.09.2013 regarding the Exh.204
    receipt of two harddisk containing hardcopies
    fromCFSL,MumbaitoInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11
    SuhasBawche
    4 Panchanama dated 7.10.2013 regarding the Exh.205
    receipt of mirror copies of electronic gadgets
    (Arts.1to41)CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks
    fromCFSL,MumbaitoInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11
    SuhasBawche
    5 Letterdated17.11.2013fromCFSL,Mumbaifor Exh.261
    receipt of the mirrorimages of 16 GB memory
    cardandelectronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)sentby
    letterdated25.8.2013and14.9.2013respectively.
    6 Letter dated 30.1.2014 to CFSL, Mumbai by Exh.263
    Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche for
    Certificationofhardcopies.
    7 CFSL report Exh.267 alongwith certified pages
    247
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    135 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    188] Suhas Prakash Bawche (P.W.11) isthe SDPO,Aheri and


    theinvestigatingofficerinthiscase. Inhisexaminationinchiefat
    Exh.235 he stated that during interrogation with accused no.4
    PrashantRahiandno.3HemMishra,theinvolvementofaccusedno.6
    Saibabawasrevealedandhence,hesoughtpermissionfromJMFC
    AheriP.W.12NileshwarVyason492013fortakingthehousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6Saibabaandaftergettingpermissionon792013,he
    alongwith Addl.S.P.Mina,PIBadgujar,P.C.Kumbhare,H.C.Dubey
    andotherpolicestaffleftforDelhion992013andhadtakenentry
    Exh.275J in the station diary about the same and thereafter they
    reachedatDelhion1292013.HeissuedletterExh.252toincharge
    PoliceStationofficer,Morisnagarforprovidingpolicestaff,computer
    expert and Videographer and thereafter the said Police Station
    provided police staff tothem for conducting raid at the house of
    accused no.6 Saibaba as he was residing in the campus of Delhi
    University. Thereafter, he along with police, videographer, panch
    witnessesandpolicestaffofDelhiproceededtothehouseofSaibaba
    andafterreachingtothehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabatheyfound
    hiswifeVasantawaspresentinthehouse. Sheopenedthedoorof
    houseandtheygavetheirintroductionandexplainedthepurposeof
    theirvisitattheirhouseandthereafter,shecalledaccusedSaibaba.
    Hestatedthattheyshowedhousesearchwarrant tobothofthem
    and obtained the signature of Saibaba and requested to cooperate
    whiletakingthehousesearchofhishouseandorallyintimatedto
    Saibabaandhiswifethattheycantakepersonalsearchofpoliceteam
    andthepanchas,buttheyrefusedtotakethesearch.Thisfactisalso
    mentioned in the panchanama of house search of accused No.6
    SaibabaatExh.165.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    136 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    189] The Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche (P.W.11) stated


    thatthentheyalongwithaccusedno.6Saibabaandhiswifeentered
    the house and started taking search of the house of accused no.6
    Saibabainpresenceofpanchasandcollectedincriminatingmaterial
    i.e. CDs, DVDs which contained literature regarding Maoist and
    Kashmirissueandthereafterseizedsomeharddisks,Pendrives,CDs,
    laptop,mobile,memorycards,inalltotalsixCDs,twentyfourDVDs,
    three pendrives, thirtytwo memorycards, five harddisks, one
    laptop, one attached bluetooth suspected as a pendrive, three
    mobiles, two SIM cards, documents relating naxal literature, i.e.
    books, magazine, some printed material, one photograph of lady
    naxal and some other articles. All these electronic devices were
    sealedinplasticboxandlaptopwasseizedinseparatepacket,the
    printedmatterandbooksweresealedinthreeseparatepacketsand
    all three items were sealed with labels having his signature and
    signaturesofpanchas.Thereafter,hepreparedpanchnama(Exh.165)
    and copy of the same was given to accused no.6 Saibaba and his
    signaturewasobtainedonit.

    190] The Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche (P.W.11) along


    withpoliceofficerswenttoMorisnagarPoliceStationandinformed
    aboutthesearchofhouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaandgavecopyof
    the panchanama Exh.165 to that Police Station. He identifiedthe
    articlesseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibababefore
    the Court. He further stated that the video recording of the
    proceedingofthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabawastakenby
    videographer provided by Morisnagar Police Station and while the
    panchanama process was going on, the memory capacity of video
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    137 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    camerawasfullandatthattime,thePolicestaffaccompanyingwith
    him have also made video recording of panchanama on their
    respective mobile phonesanditwasstoredinthe computerafter
    coming back and the same was saved in a folder and thereafter,
    preparedtheCDofthesamefolder.

    191] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel.Inhiscrossexaminationhehasadmittedthaton1292013
    accusedno.6Saibabahadgivenonelettertohimwhenhehadbeen
    to his house for house search and in the said letter accused no.6
    Saibaba requested him that the search of his house should be
    conductedinpresenceofprofessorsandhisadvocatesandinthesaid
    letterhehaswrittenthathisrequestwasnotacceded.Hevoluntarily
    stated that accused no.6 Saibaba had given the said letter after
    completion of house search and drawing of panchanama. He
    admittedthatwhentheoffenceispunishablemorethansevenyears
    imprisonment,thesearchinrespectofthesameshouldbetakenin
    presenceofGovernmentservantsandheknowsthatnormallyasper
    DelhiUniversityActandCentralUniversityActthepermissionofVice
    ChancellorisrequiredforthesearchinDelhiUniversityCampusand
    inthepresentcasepermissionofViceChancellorwasnottaken.He
    voluntarilystatedthatinthepresentcasewiththehelpofDelhilocal
    policeallformalitieswerecompleted.

    192] Headmittedthathe hadbeentoDelhiforfourtimesin


    thepresentcasepriortofilingofchargesheetandvisitedMorisnagar
    PoliceStationforfourtimeswhenhevisitedDelhiinrespectofthis
    caseandhegaveremindertoMorisnagarPoliceStationregardingthe
    searchcarriedoutinthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba.Headmitted
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    138 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    thatMorisnagarPoliceStationdidnotgiveCDofvideorecordingin
    respectofsearchofhouseofSaibabaandMorisnagarPoliceStation
    showeditsinabilitytogivetheCDonthegroundthatthepersonwho
    had taken videography was not present there at that time andtill
    filingofchargesheetnowrittencommunicationwasmadeinrespect
    of getting the CD of said videography. He admitted that it is not
    mentionedinthepanchnama thatthevideorecordingwasstopped
    becausethestoragecapacityofmemorycardwasfullandhisofficers
    haddonevideoshootingby theirmobilephones. Hevoluntarily
    statedthattheentrytothateffectisinthecasediaryandafterthe
    lapseofoneandhalfhourthevideographertoldhimthatthememory
    ofSDcardwasfull,thushisofficerstookoutvideographyontheir
    cellphonesasperthecapacityoftheirmobiles.

    193] He admitted that Addl. S.P. Mina and himself came to


    Nagpurbyplaneon1282013andthepropertywhichwasrecovered
    fromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabawasalsobroughtbyplaneto
    NagpurandthentoAheribybus.Hehasadmittedthattheproperty
    wrapped in the plastic box was handed over to muddemal Clerk
    P.W.13GaneshRathodandtheplasticboxbeforethecourtisnotthe
    sameinwhichpropertywasseizedfromthehouseofaccusedno.6
    SaibababutthesaidplasticboxissimilartoArt.136beforethecourt.
    He admitted that there is no mention in panchanama dated 129
    2013and1492013andalsoinletteraddressedtoCFSLaboutDVD
    allegedlyseizedfromthehouseofaccusedSaibabaandthereisno
    mention in the panchanama that bluetooth / DVD writer was
    attachedtothelaptopwhichwasallegedlyseizedfromthehouseof
    accusedno.6Saibabaandafterreceiptoftheforensicreport,hecame
    toknowthatpendrivewasinfactbluetoothandoneharddiscwas
    DVDwriterand24CDSwereDVDs.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    139 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    194] Suhas(P.W.11)admittedthaton1292013and1492013
    computerexpertswerepresentonboththeoccasionsandcomputer
    experts did not tell him that unique identification number of
    electronic device was to be mentioned in the panchanama. He
    admittedthatthereisonewebsitefornaxalrelatedBannedThoughts
    and all information regarding CPI (Maoist) and naxal literature,
    meetings, centralcommitteeresolutionsisavailableonitandthere
    arealsowebsitesonInternetregardingthenaxalliteratureandtheir
    committee, meetings, resolutions etc. He admitted that he had
    requested Morisnagar Police Station to procure witnesses for
    panchanamawhichwastobeeffectedatthehouseofaccusedno.6
    SaibabaandthereafterMorisnagarPoliceStationprocuredthepanch
    P.W.2 Jagat Bhole and another panch. He admitted that it is not
    mentionedinthepanchanamathatfromthedrawerofwoodentable
    ofthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba,25to30CDS,laptop,45pen
    drives,45harddiscsand56bookswerefoundanditisalsonot
    mentionedinpanchanamathatpaperlabelsbearingthesignaturesof
    panchasandpolicewereaffixedontheseizedarticles.

    195] Suhas (P.W.11)deniedthatlettergivenbyaccusedno.6


    Saibaba requesting him to take search of hishouse in presence of
    ProfessorsandhisAdvocateswasnotfiledalongwithchargesheetas
    itwasharmfultotheprosecution. Hedeniedthatasthesearchwas
    notproperlycarriedouthence,permissionofViceChancellorwasnot
    taken.Hedeniedthathisofficersdidnottakevideoshootingontheir
    mobilesandthevideographerHarshavardhancarriedoutthewhole
    videography of the proceeding of house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba and he had given the CD of videography of the said
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    140 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    proceedingtohimandafterwatchingthesametheydidnotfindany
    incriminating material against accused no.6 Saibaba and he found
    theirofficersplantingharddisksandCDs/DVDsandpendrivesand
    hence,thesaidCDwasnotfiledonrecord.Hedeniedthesuggestion
    that the Article Nos.1 to 41 were not seized under panchnama at
    Exh.165 from the house of accused no.6 Saibaba at Delhi and on
    12.9.2013nothingwasseizedfromthehouseofSaibabaanditwas
    notputinplasticbox.

    196] He admitted that he has not mentioned unique


    identificationnumberinthepanchanama. Hedeniedthatnothing
    was seized from the house of accused no.6 Saibaba and false
    panchanamawaspreparedbyhim.Hedeniedthatduringhistenure
    at Aheri whatever literature wasfoundfromDens,wasshown as
    recoveredfromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    197] ThepanchwitnessJagatBhole(P.W.2)inhisexamination
    inchiefatExh.136statedthaton1292013atabout245p.m.he
    wascalledbyDelhiPoliceandhewastoldthattheywanttotake
    searchofthehouseofProfessorSaibaba(accusedno.6Saibaba)inhis
    presence. Hestatedthathewasknowingaccusedno.6Saibabaas
    houseofaccusedno.6Saibabaissituatedbehindhisshopandthushe
    wenttothehouseofaccusedno.6SaibabaalongwithDelhipolice.
    WhenhereachedinthehouseofaccusedSaibaba,MaharashtraPolice
    werealsopresentthereandpolicestartedtakingsearchofhouseof
    accused Saibaba and the search proceedingwas recorded in Video
    camera.Duringsearchwhenpoliceenteredinthebedroomofthe
    houseofaccusedSaibaba,theyfound25to30CDs,laptop,4to5
    pendrives,4to5harddisksand5to6booksinthedrawerofone
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    141 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    wooden table. Jagat (P.W.2) says police sealed all material in his
    presenceanddrewthepanchanamatothateffectandhealongwith
    anotherpanchRamkumarsignedonthepanchanama.Hestatedthat
    in all 41 articles were seized from the bed room of the house of
    accusedno.6Saibabaandpanchanamatothateffectwaspreparedat
    Exh.165inhispresence.Hestatedthatwhenhewenttothehouseof
    accused no.6 Saibaba for taking search of his house at that time
    accusedno.6Saibaba,hiswifeandhisdaughterwerepresent. This
    witness has also identified the articles seized from the house of
    accusedno.6Saibaba.Thoseareasunder:

    1] oneharddisk(Art.42)
    2] oneharddiskonwhichitwaswrittenbufallowhichis
    insidethewhiteenvelophavinglabeldated1492013
    (Art.44)
    3] onemoreharddiskdated1492013ofDellcompany
    (Art.46)
    4] oneblackcolouredharddiskonwhichMypassport
    havingwhiteenvelopdated1492013iswritten(Art.48)
    5] oneharddiskofCGatecompanyinwhitecoloured
    envelop(Art.50)
    6] CDcassettesofMoserbearcompanyonwhichconvention
    ofJiten(Part1)(Art.52)
    7] CDcassettesofMoserbearcompanyonwhichconvention
    ofJiten(Part2)iswritteninwhitecolouredenvelop
    dated1492013(Art.53)
    8] CDofSonycompany,ononeCD(I)itiswritten
    "ConventionagainstWaronpeople"(Art.55)
    9] AnotherCDthereisonlyIIiswritten(Art.56)
    10] CDIII(Art.57)
    11] OneMoserbaerCDinoneenveloponwhichitiswritten
    as"OnTrinamoolissueconventiononKishanjiNewDelhi
    13.12.11(Art.59)
    12] OneCDinwhiteenvelopwithtitle"Damagedprohibited
    areaaFilmbySubratkumarSahu",(Art.61)
    13] TwoCDsofMoserbaercompanyinwhiteenvelopon
    whichitiswritten"conventiononKishanji(PartI)13
    Dec.2011NewDelhi",(Art.63and64)
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    142 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    14] OneCDofMoserbaeronwhichitiswrittenas"Combat
    Lawconvertedbooks"inonewhitecolouredenvelop
    (Art.66)
    15]OneCDofSonycompanyinwhiteenveloponwhichitis
    writtenas"ConferencebackAPMS2013,Dr.Ramdev
    (Art.68)
    16] OneCDofPUMAcompanyinoneenveloponwhichitis
    writtenas"VideoonSriLankanWarCrimes(Art.70)
    17] OneCDofSonycompanyinenveloponwhichitis
    writtenas"LESALUTROUGE,Cy475/13(Art.72)
    18] OneCDinCDbox,onCDboxitiswrittenas"AFew
    Myths&FactsAboutSalwaJudumConcentration
    Camps"andonCDitiswrittenas"AFewMythsand
    FactsAboutSalwaJudumConcentrationCamps",CD
    cover(Art.74)
    19] OneCD(Art.75)
    20] CDofMoserbaercompany,onno.1CD,itiswrittenas
    "MeetingonKashmir21October2010NaitabSujataBha"
    (Art.77)
    21] CDofMoserbaercompany,onno.2CD,itiswrittenas
    "MeetingonKashmir2,21October2010,V.V.N.Venuh,
    (Art.78)
    22] CDofMoserbaercompany,onNo.3itiswrittenas
    "MeetingonKashmir3,21October2010,Gurusharan
    Singhmessage,(Art.79)
    23] CDofMoserbaercompany,onNo.4itiswrittenas
    "MeetingonKashmir4,21October2010ArundhatiRoy
    Amit Bhattacharayya"(Art.80),
    24] CDofMoserbaercompany,onNo.5,itiswrittenas
    "MeetingonKashmir521October2010Messagefrom
    TyaguT.N.SheikhShaukat,(Art.81)
    25] CDofMoserbaercompany,onNo.6,itiswrittenas
    "meetingonKashmir6,21October2010SASDedani
    (Art.82)
    26] CDofMoserbaercompany,onNo.7itiswrittenas
    "MeetingonKashmir7,21102010SASDedani(Art.83)
    27] oneCDonwhichitiswrittenas"MatiKeLal"CD
    (Art.85)
    28] OneCDofCommandomakeonwhichitiswrittenas
    "MaoistsinIndia"1592010(Art.87)
    29] OneCDofSonycompanyonwhichitiswrittenas"BBC
    DocumentaryonKASHMIR"(Art.89)
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    143 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    30] OneCD(Art.91)
    31] OneCD(Art.92)
    32] OneCD(Art.93)
    33] OneCD(Art.94)
    34] OneCD(Art.95)
    35] OneCD(Art.96)
    36] Onependriveonwhichitiswrittenas"Simmtronics"
    (Art.98)
    37] OneblackcolouredpendriveofSonycompany(Art.100)
    38] OnependriveofSandiskcompany(Art.102)
    39] Memorycard(Art.104)
    40] OneblacklaptopofSonycompany(Art.109)
    41] OneanotherharddiskofToshibacompany(Art.111)
    42] ThreebooksbynameJanpratirodh(Art.113)
    43] redcolouredbook(Art.114)
    44] Oneprintoutmaterialcontainingrevolutionary
    democraticfrontdtd.7June2012(Art.115)
    45] Onesketchofwomanwithdate762007(Art.116)
    46] Pressstatementdated21stAugust,2013(Art.117)
    47] onebookbynamePrasenbabuMawowadiNahiHai
    (Art.118)
    48] onebookofTelgulanguage(Art.119)
    49] onebookletwithtitlePeople'sHeroComradeKishenji
    (Art.120)
    50] onemagazinewithtitle"Thearrested"Volume2
    December2012(Art.121)
    51] onemagazinePeople'sMarchdated882007(Art.122)
    52] onephotographofwomanwithgun(Art.123)

    198] WitnessJagat(P.W.2)wascrossexaminedbythelearned
    defence counsel. In his crossexamination he admitted that Delhi
    police had shown him search warrant when he was called for
    panchanamaandcontentsofsearchwarrantwerereadovertohim.
    HedeniedthatneitherDelhipolicenorMaharashtrapolicestatedhim
    thattheyhadtotakesearchofhouseofaccusedno.6Saibabawhere
    stolenpropertywaslyingandpolicedidnottellhimwhatwastobe
    seizedfromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba.Headmittedthatall
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    thelabelsontheenvelopescontainingthearticlesthereindonotbear
    hissignature.Headmittedthathe doesnotknowthedatewhenhe
    received the summons. He voluntarily stated that he received the
    summon before 4 to 5 days of 2nd Januaryandon the same day
    anotherpanchRamkumaralsoreceivedthesummonsandtheyboth
    were called to attend the court for evidence. He admitted that
    Maharashtrapolicehadcometohimtoservesummonsandthepolice
    toldhimthatheshouldstartjourneyon2ndJanuaryandtoreach
    Gadchiroliby3rdandafterreachingon3rdJanuaryatGadchirolihe
    informed Maharashtra police and on 2nd January he himself and
    secondpanchandDelhipoliceproceededforGadchirolibytrainin
    the morning time. In reply to the question of defence counsel
    Whether he had halted at police rest house?, he answered in
    affirmative.

    199] He admitted that he can not write the spelling of his


    name,hedoesnothaveknowledgetowritethespellingofhisname
    andcannotwriteandreadanylanguageexceptsignatureinEnglish
    language. He admitted that when police requested him to act as
    panchhetoldthemhecannotreadandwriteanylanguageandheis
    illiterate and they should take another panch, however, police
    requestedhimtoactasapanchinthepresentcase.Headmittedthat
    inDelhiheresidesnearhisBarbershopsituatedinthecampusof
    DelhiuniversityandinthecampusofDelhiUniversityseveralhostels
    ofstudentsaresituatedandmorethan5000studentsresideinthe
    said hostels and quarters of professors and other staff of Delhi
    UniversityaresituatedinthecampusofDelhiuniversity.Headmitted
    thatwhentheyhadgonetothehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaseveral
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    145 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    studentsandprofessorsweregatherednearthehouseofaccusedno.6
    Saibabaandthatwhenthesearchofhouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    was being taken accused no.6 Saibaba requested that the search
    shouldbetakeninpresenceofprofessororhisadvocate.Headmitted
    thatthepolicelockedthegateofthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibaiba
    andtheydidnotallowanyprofessortoenterinthehouseofaccused
    no.6Saibabaandprofessorswererequestingtopolicetowatchthe
    proceedinginthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibababutthepolicedid
    notallowthemtoenterinthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaand
    insidethehouseofSaibabaaround20to25Delhipoliceand20to25
    Maharashtrapolicewerepresent.

    200] He admitted that the Delhi police were in uniform but


    MaharashtrapolicewerenotinuniformandtwoMaharashtrapolice
    were in uniform. He admitted that the police kept himself and
    accused no.6 Saibaba out of the house and locked the door from
    inside and there is only one door to the house of accused no.6
    Saibaba.Headmittedthathedoesnotknowthedifferencebetween
    C.D.andD.V.D.pendriveandbluetooth,C.D.driverandDVDdriver
    andhedoesnotknowwhatismeantbyharddisk.Headmittedthat
    whenthecontentsofthepanchanamawerereadovertohimbythe
    policeatthattimepolicestatedhimthatinthedrawerofwooden
    tablefromthehouseofSaibaba25to30CDs,laptop,4to5pen
    drives,4to5harddisk,5to6bookswerefoundandthosearticles
    wereseizedinhispresenceandhesignedonthepacketsofallthe
    materialwhichwereseizedandhecannotassignanyreasonasto
    whyitisnotmentionedinthepanchanama(Exh.165).
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    201] He denied that police told him that in the house of


    accusedno.6Saibabastolenpropertywaslyingandtheyhadtotake
    searchofthesame. Hedeniedthatonthedayofrecordingofhis
    evidencehecameincourtalongwithpoliceandfrom3rdJanuary,
    2016 he was in the custody of Gadchiroli police and they tutored
    himthestatementwhichwastobegivenbeforethecourt.Hehas
    deniedthathedidnotgotothehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabafor
    searchofhishouse. He statedthattherewere threedoorstothe
    houseofaccusedno.6Saibaba. Hehasdeniedthatpoliceobtained
    hissignatureson3to4blankpapersandhewasnotpresentinthe
    houseofprofessorSaibaba(accusedno.6Saibaba)forpanchanamaof
    thesearchofhishouseandnothingwasseizedinhispresenceand
    from2ndJanuaryhewaskidnappedbypolicetill16thJanuarypolice
    threatened him to shut down his shop at Delhi University and
    therefore,hedeposedfalselyaspertheirsay.Hehasdeniedthathe
    sawArticlesNo.1to41mentionedinthepanchanama(Exh.165)for
    thefirsttimeinthecourt.

    Depositing of seized electronic gadgets Articles i.e. 16 GB


    memorycardofSandiskcompanyandotherarticlesseizedfrom
    thepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraandArticlesno.1to
    41 CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddisks and other articles seized
    fromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6SaibabainPoliceStation,
    Aheri.

    202] Afterseizureoftheabovemuddemalarticlesi.e.one16
    GB memory card of Sandisk company and other articles i.e. cash
    amountofRs.7,500/,KodakCamera,clothbag,whitecap,onespect
    caseofblackcolour,onenewspaperofSaharadated1982013,one
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    red coloured towel, one blue coloured napkin, one shirt of checks
    withlining,onegrayhalfpant,oneyellowcolouredTshirt,onedark
    brownpant,onemoneypurse,pancard,twoidentitycardsofJNU
    University, one SBI ATM card, one travel card ofDelhiMetro,one
    DelhitoBallarshaRailwayticketdated19.8.2013andxeroxcopyof
    election identity card i.e. Arts.21 to 38 seized from the personal
    search of accused no.3 Hem Mishra under seizure panchanama
    (Exh.137) and were deposited by PI Anil Badgujar (P.W.10) with
    MuddemalClerkGaneshRathod(P.W.13)inMalkhanaofAheriPolice
    Station.

    203] ThepanchanamaofpersonalsearchofaccusedNo.3Hem
    Mishrawaspreparedon22.08.2013andthearticlesseizedunderthe
    panchanama were deposited with muddemal clerk (P.W.No.13)
    GaneshRathod MalkhanainchargeofAheriPoliceStationtothat
    effect there is a oral evidence of P.W.13 Ganesh Rathod about
    depositingofsaidarticlesandrelevantcopyofentryinmuddemal
    registerisproducedonrecordonExh.276Aandrelevantentryabout
    thesameistakenon22.08.2013.

    204] The electronic gadgets Articles nos.1 to 41 CDs, DVDs,


    pendrives, harddisks and other articles i.e. magazine
    Janapratirodh, one printout, photograph of lady naxal with gun,
    bookbynamePrashembabuMaowadiNahiHain,bookletwithtitle
    People's Hero Comrade Kishanji, one magazine The arrested
    regarding banned organization CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organizationRDFintext,audioandvideo seizedduringthehouse
    searchofaccusedno.6Saibabaunderseizurepanchanama(Exh.165)
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    148 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    weredepositedon13.09.2013byInvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche
    (P.W.11) with Ganesh Rathod (P.W.13), Muddemal Clerk of Aheri
    PoliceStation.

    205] To prove this aspect prosecution has examined Police


    Officer Anil Badgujar (P.W.10), Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche
    (P.W.11)andMuddemalClerkGaneshRathod(P.W.13).

    206] In this respect, the Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche


    (P.W.11) at Exh.235 stated that afterhousesearchofaccusedno.6
    SaibabaatDelhion12.09.2013andhecametoAheriPoliceStation
    on1392013an220]ddepositedallthepropertywhichwasseized
    fromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6SaibabawithGaneshRathod
    (P.W.13),MuddemalClerkofPoliceStation,AheriandGaneshRathod
    (P.W.13)tookentryinstationdiaryofPoliceStation,Aheri.

    207] Tothateffectthereisanentryinmuddemalregisterat
    Exh.276D.

    208] During crossexamination he admitted that property


    wrappedintheplasticboxwashandedovertomuddemalclerkand
    plasticboxbeforethecourtisnotthesameinwhichpropertywas
    seizedfromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibababutthesaidplasticbox
    wassimilartoArt.136beforethecourt.Hedeniedthaton1282013
    nothingwasseizedfromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaanditwas
    notputinplasticbox.

    209] Muddemal Clerk of Aheri Police Station Ganesh Rathod


    (P.W.13) in his examinationinchief at Exh.297 stated that in the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    149 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    month of August 2013 he was attached to Police Station Aheri as


    Muddemal Moharir (Property Clerk) and on 2282013 Police
    InspectorBadgujar(P.W.10)ofAheriPoliceStationdepositedproperty
    of Crime no.3017/2013 in the Malkhana and he gave property
    no.12/2013toitandtakennoteofpropertyinmuddemalregister
    andcopyofthesaidregisterpageno.76isfiledonrecordatExh.276
    A. On 2582013 the muddemal property i.e.16 GB memory card
    seizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishrawassentto
    CFSL,MumbaialongwithP.W.5PoliceConstableRavindraKumbhare,
    B.no.2086andhehastakennoteofthesameonExh.276A.

    210] Hestatedthaton1392013P.W.11SDPOSuhasBawche
    depositedoneplasticboxinbrownpaperinsealedconditionandtwo
    bigpacketsinbrownpaperinsealedconditioninthiscrimeandhe
    gave property no.15/2013 to the same and took entry in property
    register andagainon1492013SDPOSuhasBawche(P.W.11)had
    takensaidpropertyforthepurposeofinvestigationandhehanded
    overthepropertytoSDPOBawchevideentryinpropertyregisterat
    Exh.276C. Hestatedthaton1492013afterdrawingpanchanama
    P.W.11SDPOSuhasBawchedepositedthepropertyalongwithcopyof
    panchanama consisting of 1 to 25 sealed packets and remaining
    property and he had taken entry in respect of same in property
    registerandgavepropertyno.16/2013tothesameandfurtheron14
    92013 he handed over propertyno.1 to25to carrier P.W.5 Police
    Constable Ravindra Kumbhare B.no.2086 depositing the same to
    CFSL,Mumbaiandatthattime,PoliceInspectorBadgujar(P.W.10)
    was also with him and on 1622014 Woman Police Constable
    ApekshaRamteke(P.W.7)broughtsaidpropertyfromCFSLMumbaiin
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    150 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    45sealedpacketsanddepositedthesameinMalkhanaandhehad
    taken note of the same in the register and he deposited all these
    propertiesintheSessionsCourton13.10.2015videinvoiceslipat
    Exh.135. He stated that on 1052013 P.W.11 SDPO Bawche
    depositedonemobilephone,R.C.bookofvehicleandRs.320/with
    him and thereafter he has taken an entry of property bearing
    no.6/2014inthepropertyregistervideExh.276E.

    211] ThiswitnessbroughttheoriginalregisterbeforetheCourt
    andallthearticlesfiledinCourtwereverifiedfromtheoriginaland
    foundtobecorrect.Hestatedthatinthiscrimeheissuedthereceipts
    no.145,146,147(Exh.299/A,299/Band299/Crespectively)inhis
    handwritingtotheconcernedofficerfordepositingthepropertywith
    himandhehadwrittenthecontentsasperpanchanama.Inrespectof
    propertydepositedwithhimvidepropertyno.13/2013,hehadissued
    receiptsno.148and149(Exh.300/Aand300/B)totheinvestigating
    officerandon1492013hegavereceiptsNo.150to158(Exh.300A
    to300I)totheInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheinrespect
    ofpropertyno.16/2013.

    212] OnperusalofextractofMuddemalRegisteratExh.276Ait
    reveals that there is entry at Sr.no.12 dated 22.8.2013 relating to
    depositingofthepropertyseizedfromaccusedno.3HemMishraas
    under:

    i] amountRs.7700/,16GBSandiskmemorycard,Railwayticket
    ofBallarshatoDelhidt.19.8.2013,ATMcardofSBI,pancard,
    electioncard,IcardofJawaharlalNeharuUniversityetc.
    ii] oneKodakcompanydigitalcamerawithcharger
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    151 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    iii] onebagcontainingclothes,speccover,whitecap,newspaperdt
    19.8.2013 etc. In column no.11, it is mentioned that said
    propertiesweredepositedon13.10.2015intheCourt.
    Further,againentrydated2.9.2013atSr.no.13(Exh.276B)

    213] There is entry dated 13.9.2013 at Exh.276C relating to


    depositingofpropertyseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibabawhichisdescribedasunder:

    i] onesealedbox
    ii] twobigsealedenvelopes.

    214] There is entry at Exh.276D dated 14.9.2013 about


    descriptionofpropertyseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibabaasunder:

    i]oneplasticboxinsealedcondition,
    Articlesfromtwobigenvelopes:

    1]SeagateS/N9VMGA22P500Gbytdharddisc.
    2]Conventiononsitar.NewDelhidt.201211,C.D.'spartI&II
    3]ConventionagainstWaronpeople,C.D.PartI,II,III
    4]MatiKe Lal(BhartiyaKrantikariSambhavanaparek
    Dastiwaz)120minutesC.D.

    5]C.D.WhereonitiswrittenasTrinmulissueconventionon
    Kishanjiissuedt.131211
    6]C.D.CassetteProhibitedarea
    7]ConventiononKishanji,dt.131211,C.D.CassettePartI&II
    8]CombatLaw,convertedbooksC.D.Cassettes
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    152 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    9]CDwhereonitiswrittenasConferenceBookapms.2013
    10]DadaStorageIECS/N7PF200CBYQ002YHarddisc.
    11]MypassportS1WDBACX0010BBK01harddiscwithwire
    usetoconnectlaptop.
    12]BUFFALOharddisk.
    13]harddiskno.SNNA53EZ4NofDELLCompany
    14]RedblackishcolourSandisc32GBpendrive.
    15]Onependrivehavingleathercoverbearingname
    SimmtronicsGB
    16]Blackcoloured16GBpendrivebearingnameSONY
    17]Sandisc32GBmemorycard.
    18]C.D.CassettecontainingheadingBBCDocumentaryon
    Kashmir
    19]C.D.CassettebearinglabelVideo'sonShrilankanwar
    crimes
    20]C.D.CassettebearingnameLEsaluterouge
    21]C.D.CassettebearingnameTheinternationalassociationof
    peopleslawyerpresentsfewmythsandfactsabout
    SalwajudamConcentrationCamps.
    22]C.D.Cassette1to7namedasmeetingonKashmir21Oct.
    2010
    23]C.D.CassettenamedasMaoistinIndia
    24]SixC.D.Cassettes
    25]LetterofJusticeK.Balkrishnan,chairpersonNational
    HumanRightsCommission,Delhidated31July2012

    215] Further, there is entry at Sr.no.6 dated 1.5.2014 at


    Exh.276E about seizure of property belonging to accused no.6
    Saibabawhichisasunder:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    153 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    1]RCbookofvehicle
    2]Cash320/
    3]Mobileblackcolourhavingwhitecoloursymbolofcutting
    apple.

    216] Further, it reveals from the muddemal register that


    Muddemalnos.1to25werehandedovertoPCRavindraKumbhare
    (P.W.5)fordepositingthesamewithCFSL,Mumbaiforanalysison
    14.9.2013andWPCApekshaRamteke(P.W.7)broughtthemuddemal
    from CFSL Mumbai and deposited the same through SDPO Aheri.
    Some other property is also mentioned in the muddemal register
    whichisasunder:

    1]letterdated31July2012
    2]Printedletterdated7June2012ofGreenhuntoperationof
    RDF
    3]15pageswrittenonPeopleHeroComradeKishanji
    4]InformationbooknamedasThearrested
    5]Peoplemarchdt8August2007
    6]Bookletmagzine39and41,42
    7]Printedtelgubook
    8]Colourphotoofnaxal
    9]BookletLalSalam
    10]PrashenbabuMaowadiNahi
    11]Telgumagzineetc.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    154 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Thereafter,asperorderofSessionsCourtGadchiroli,themuddemal
    propertiesweredepositedon13.10.2015intheCourt.

    217] P.W.13GaneshRathodwascrossexaminedbythelearned
    defence counsel and in his crossexamination he admitted that he
    cannotsaywithoutseeingregisterwhodepositedthepropertywith
    himinwhichCrimenumberandifthenameoftheofficerinCrime
    numberismentionedandon12.8.2013hemadelastentrypriorto
    the entry in crime no.3017/2013 and from 12.8.2013 to 8.9.2013
    thereareonlytwoentriesregardingtwocrimes.Headmittedthatin
    theinvoicechallanitisnotmentionedthatpropertywassealedand
    makeofthesealwasnotmentionedandhedidnotmake entryin
    writingaboutthefactthattheclerkoftheDistrictcourtaskedhimto
    openthesealwhiledepositingtheproperty.Headmittedthatthere
    aresomeoverwritingsinthemuddemalregisterandthesaidover
    writingsweremadebyhimattwoplacesandwhenthepropertywas
    depositedinMalkhanaatthattime,itwassealedandmakeofthe
    sealwasnotmentioned.Hewasshownmuddemalregisterandentry
    dated26.8.2013whichisinhishandwritingandthenameofP.W.5
    RavindraKumbharewaswrittenthereon.

    218] Hedeniedthaton892013hemadeentryattheinstance
    ofP.W.11SDPOShriBawcheandon2582013hedidnothandover
    16GBmemorycardtoP.C.RavindraKumbhare(P.W.5)andthereafter
    fromtimetotimehedidnothandoverthepropertytocarrierand
    receivedthesameandalltheseentriesinMuddemalregisterwere
    madeattheinstanceof P.W.11ShriBawcheandhedidnotmake
    entryinwriting aboutthefactthattheclerkoftheDistrict court
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    155 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    askedhimtoopenthesealwhiledepositingtheproperty.Hefurther
    deniedthatasthepropertywasnotinsealedconditionandmakeof
    thesealwasnotmentioned,hencehedidnotmentionthesamein
    muddemalregister.

    ArgumentofSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathanaboutseizureofelectronic
    gadgetsfromaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    219] Inrespect ofaccused no.6Saibaba, thelearnedSpl.P.P.


    Shri Sathainathan submitted that while interrogating with accused
    no.3HemMishrainvolvementofaccusedno.6Saibabawasrevealed
    andtothateffectCDRofmobileSIMofaccusedno.6Saibabawas
    verified.FromtheCDRofmobileofaccusedNo.3andaccusedNo.4,
    it revealed that accused no.3 HemMishra and no.4 Prashant Rahi
    were in contact with accused no.6 Saibaba and their location was
    foundatDelhiUniversity.Thereafter,applicationwasmovedbefore
    theJudicialMagistrateF.C.,Aheri(P.W.12Vyas)andsearchwarrantat
    Exh.244forcarryinghousesearchofaccusedNo.6SaibabaatDelhi
    andheobtainedsearchwarrantatExh.244,thereafterInvestigating
    Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche alongwith police team of Morisnagar
    PoliceStationandMaharashtrapolicewenttothehouseofaccused
    no.6Saibabaandcopyofsearchwarrantwasservedonaccusedno.6
    Saibabaandhissignaturewasobtainedthereon.Searchwascarried
    outasperprocedureandlegalformalitieswerefollowed.

    SubmissionoflearnedAdvocateShriGadlingfortheaccusedin
    respectofseizureofarticlesfromaccusedno.6Saibaba

    220] Per contra, the learned Advocate Shri Gadling for the
    accusedsubmittedthatpanchwitnessP.W.2JagatBholeinhiscross
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    156 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    examinationhasstatedthatduringsearchofthedrawerofwooden
    tablekeptinthebedroomofthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba25to
    30 CDs,laptop,45pendrive,4to5harddisk 5to6bookswere
    seized,however,thisfactisnotstatedbyInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11
    Suhas Bawche and further it isnot mentioned in the panchanama
    (Exh.165). HesubmittedthatpanchwitnessJagatBhole(P.W.2)in
    his cross examination stated that the contents of panchanama
    (Exh.165)werereadovertohimwhenpanchanama(Exh.165)was
    preparedbutthepanchanama(Exh.165)issilentaboutthefactthat
    thecontentswerereadovertothiswitness.Hence,thepanchanama
    whichwaspreparedatthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaisdifferent
    thanthatofpanchanama(Exh.165). HesubmittedthatP.W.2inhis
    crossexaminationadmittedthatwhenthesearchofhouseofaccused
    No.6 Saibaba was carried out, accused Saibaba and himself were
    outsidethehome.

    221] HesubmittedthatpanchwitnessP.W.2JagatBholeinhis
    examinationstatedthatpolicesealedallmaterialinhispresenceand
    drewpanchanamatothateffectandhesignedonthepanchanama
    howeverinhiscrossexaminationheadmittedthatthelabelsonthe
    articlesdonotbearhissignaturesthatmeansthepropertyproduced
    beforetheCourtisnotthesamepropertywhichwasseizedfromthe
    houseofaccusedno.6Saibabaanditisplantedone. Hesubmitted
    thatP.W.4ShrikantGaddewarinhisexaminationinchiefstatedthat
    the property seized from the house of accused no.6 Saibaba was
    openedforsendingittoCFSLandpolicebroughtoneplasticboxand
    twosealedpaperpacketsandthoseweresealedandtheybearhis
    signatures.Shrikant(P.W.4)hasnotstatedthattherewasearlierseal
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    157 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    havingsignaturesofpanchP.W.2JagatBhole.Shrikant(P.W.4)stated
    thatthelabelsbearthe220]signaturesofP.W.2JagatBhole. Itwas
    arguedthatthisshowspropertywasnotsealedwhenseizedfromthe
    housesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    222] HesubmittedthatafterperusalofevidenceofP.W.2Jagat
    Bholeitrevealsthathewasnotabletopointoutanysealbearing
    date12.9.2013andonlystatedhavinglabeldated14.9.2013onthe
    envelopes and in crossexamination he admitted that he does not
    knowdifferencebetweenCDandDVD,pendriveandbluetooth,CD
    driverandDVDdriverandharddisk.Hence,itwasarguedthathis
    evidenceisnotworthtobereliedupon.

    223] HesubmittedthatP.W.2JagatBholeidentifiedtheplastic
    boxwhichismarkedatArticle107whichwasusedatthetimeof
    seizureofarticles,however,accordingtoprosecutionwitnessP.W.15
    NarendraDubeyandP.W.5RavindraKumbharewhentheyhadbeen
    toCFSLtheyputallarticlesinanotherboxwhichisdifferentfrom
    Article107.However,itisnotmentionedinthepanchanamathatthe
    property was deposited in plastic box andfurther P.W. 4 Shrikant
    admitted in crossexamination that plastic box which is before the
    CourtwasnotbroughtbeforehimatPoliceStationandallarticles
    wereputinhardboardboxandthereisnohardboardboxbeforethe
    Court.

    224] He submittedthat P.W.2 Jagat Bhole in his examination


    statedthatallarticleswereinplasticbox. Hencethereisinterse
    contradiction between the evidence of both the witnesses about
    hardboardboxandplasticbox. Thisshowsthatthepropertywhich
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    158 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    was opened before P.W.4 Shrikant was different and there is no


    hardboard box before the Court. He submitted that unique
    identification number of electronic gadgets were not mentioned in
    panchanamaandnosealandsignaturesareappearingonthelabels.
    Hence,itwasarguedthatpropertywhichwassenttoCFSLwasnot
    the property which was seized from the house of accused no.6
    Saibabaon12.9.2013.HesubmittedthatfurtherwitnessJagat(P.W.2)
    has admitted in his crossexamination that accused no.6 Saibaba
    made a request to police officer to take search in presence of
    ProfessorsandAdvocates,andthatInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11Suhas
    Bawchepurposefullytookhimwhoisanilliteratepersontoactasa
    panch.ThisshowsthattheywantedtoplantelectronicgadgetsArt.1
    to 41 like CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddisks etc. by showing that
    thosepropertieswereseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6.
    HefurthersubmittedthatP.W.11SuhasBawcheshouldhavetaken
    theGovernmentservantasapanch,however,hepurposefullytook
    Jagat(P.W.2)aspanchwitness.Hefurthersubmittedthatpermission
    oftheViceChancellorwasnottakenforhousesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibaba.

    225] He submitted that from the evidence of panch witness


    P.W.2JagatBholeitrevealsthathewashidinghisstayatGadchiroli
    and from his admission in crossexamination that he haltedat the
    shelterofpolice.Thisshowsthatheisunderthethumbofpoliceand
    he is tutored witness. According to prosecution he is an illiterate
    witnessandhecannotreadandwriteandhecanonlysigninEnglish
    language and he requested the police to take another panch but
    policeaskedhimtoactasapanch.

    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    159 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    226] HesubmittedthatP.W.11SuhasBawcheadmittedinhis
    crossexaminationthatvideographyoftheproceedingofhousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6SaibabawastakenbutneitherCDofthesamenor
    videographerwasexaminedtoprovethefactthatvideographywas
    doneandInvestigatingofficerP.W.11SuhasBawchehasnotmade
    anyefforttogettheC.D.fromtheDelhipoliceandtheexplanation
    givenbytheinvestigatingofficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheisnotproper
    andhence,adverseinferenceshouldbedrawnagainsttheprosecution
    fornonproductionofCDandnonexaminationofvideographer.In
    supportinhissubmissionheplacedrelianceonthejudgmentofApex
    CourtTomasoBruno&Anr.VrsStateofU.P.,reportedin2015(1)
    Crimes105(SC),whereinApexCourtobservedthat

    (b)CriminaltrialCircumstantialevidenceNon
    Production of CCTV footage, noncollection of call
    records(details)andsimdetailsofmobile phones
    seized from the accused Not mere faulty
    investigation Amounts to withholding of best
    evidence Section 114(g) Indian Evidence Act,
    1972 Adverse inference may be drawn against
    prosecutionfornotproducingtheaforesaiddetails
    particularly CCTV footage while it could
    Prosecutionneitherexaminingthedoctordeclaring
    thedeceased'broughtdead'norproducingthereport
    thatwaspreparedintheemergencywardofhospital
    Notproducingdeathintimationsenttothepolice.
    (Para27,29,30)

    ConclusiononthepointofSeizureofarticlesfromhousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6Saibaba

    227] On the point of seizure of electronic gadgets like CDs,


    DVDs,pendrives,harddisks,laptop(Articlesno.1to41)fromthe
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    160 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    housesearchofaccusedno.6SaibabaatDelhi,theprosecutionhas
    reliedontheevidenceofP.W.no.2JagatBholeandP.W.no.11Suhas
    Bawche. TheevidenceofP.W.no.2JagatBholeischallengedonthe
    groundthathewasnotpresentatthetimeofhousesearchofaccused
    no.6Saibabaandthatthedefencereliedontheadmissiongivenby
    thiswitnessincrossexaminationthatwhiletakingthehousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6Saibabaheandaccusedno.6Saibabawerekeptout
    ofthehouseandthereafterpolicetoldhimthatfromthedrawerof
    woodentablefromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba25to30CDs,
    laptop,4to5pendrives,4to5harddisk,5to6bookswerefound
    andthosearticleswereseizedinhispresenceandhesignedonallthe
    materialwhichwereseizedontheirpacket.Theomissioninrespect
    of number of CDs, DVD, Pendrives found in the house search of
    accusedno.6Saibabawasbroughtonrecord.Furtherthesearticles
    werenotsealedwhentheywereseized.

    228] Itiswellsettledprincipleoflawthatwhileappreciating
    the evidence of witness the whole evidence of witness i.e.
    examinationinchiefandcrossexaminationistobeconsideredanda
    stray admission given by witness in crossexamination cannot be
    considered.Atthisjuncture,itisnecessarytoconsidertheratiolaid
    downbyKarnatakaHighCourtincaseofB.A.BuddabaiVs.Stateof
    Karnataka reported in Criminal Appeal No.62 of 2007. In the
    abovecaseaccusedattemptedthemurderbyfiringthreebulletsby
    gun. Ballistic report states that after firing one pellet, gun was
    refilled. However,witnessgaveadmissioninhiscrossexamination
    thataccuseddidnotrefillthegun. Itwasobservedthatmerestray
    admissionthatthegunwasnotrefilledatthetimeofsecondgunshot
    isnotagroundtodiscardtheversionofBallisticExpert.
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    161 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    229] Inviewoftheaboveinthepresentcase,wehavetosee
    whether the panch witness Jagat Bhole (P.W.2) was present at the
    timeofpanchanamaornot.Duringhiscrossexaminationheadmitted
    thatatthetimeofhousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba,hewaskept
    outside, however, in his examination he stated that at the time of
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba, he was present and his
    signaturewastakenonseizurepanchanama(Exh.165). Itistobe
    notedthatP.W.2JagatBholeisilliteratewitnessandhecanonlysign
    inEnglishlanguageandhiscrossexaminationwasconductedfora
    whole day. In examinationinchief he narrated that all the facts
    howthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabawastaken.Hestated
    thatwhiletakingsearchbypolicetheyenteredinthebedroomof
    accusedSaibabaandinthedrawerofonewoodentable25to30CDs,
    laptop,45pendrives,4to5harddisks,5to6bookswerefoundand
    policesealedallmaterialinhispresenceanddrewthepanchanamato
    thateffectandhealongwithanotherpanchRamkumarsignedonthe
    panchanama. Hestatedthatinall41articleswereseizedfromthe
    bedroomofthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaandpanchanamato
    thateffectwaspreparedatExh.165inhispresence. Hestatedthat
    whenhewenttothehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabafortakingsearch
    of his house at that time accused no.6 Saibaba, his wife and his
    daughterwerepresent. Ongoingthroughtheexaminationinchief
    andcrossexaminationofP.W.2JagatBhole,itisclearthatthiswitness
    had made two inconsistent statement at different stages of the
    proceedingsi.e.inexaminationinchiefhestatedthatheenteredin
    the bed room of Saibaba alongwith police and from drawer of
    woodentable25to30CDs,laptop,45pendrives,4to5harddisks,
    5to6bookswerefoundandpolicesealedallmaterialinhispresence
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    162 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    anddrewthepanchanamatothateffect. But,incrossexamination
    headmittedthatheandaccusedno.6Saibabawerekeptoutofthe
    houseandpolicesaidthattheyrecovered25to30CDs,laptop,4to
    5pe220]ndrives,4to5harddisk,5to6booksfromthedrawerof
    wooden table from the house of accused no.6 Saibaba. At this
    juncture,itisnecessarytoconsiderratiolaiddownbyApexCourtin
    thecaseof SurajmalVrsState,reportedin1979SupremeCourt,
    1408,citedsupra,whereinitisobservedthat

    (A)CriminalP.C.(2of1974),S.354Appreciation
    of evidence Two inconsistent statements by
    witnessatoneortwostagesCredibility. Where
    witnessesmaketwoinconsistentstatementsintheir
    evidence either at one stage or at two stages,the
    testimony of such witness becomes unreliable and
    unworthyofcredenceandintheabsenceofspecial
    circumstances no conviction can be based on the
    evidenceofsuchwitnesses.

    230] Itistobenotedthatthiswitnessisilliteratewitness.He
    cannot read and write English language and his crossexamination
    washeldinwholedaythattoobyeminentlawyerhavingstanding
    practiceofmorethan25yearsandthiswitnessmighthavefrightened
    because of Court atmosphere, hence in view of judgment of Apex
    Court,inthecaseofSurajmalVrsState,reportedin1979Supreme
    Court, 1408, cited supra, the above circumstances could be
    considered asspecialcircumstancestobelievehisevidenceofP.W.2
    JagatBholeanditcanbeinferredthatP.W.2JagatBholewaspresent
    at the time of house search of accused no.6 and at the time of
    preparation of panchanama (Exh.165) and hence stray admission
    given by P.W.2 Jagat Bhole that heandaccusedno.6Saibabakept
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    outsidethehousewhiletakinghousesearchofthehouseofaccused
    no.6Saibaba,isnotagroundtodiscardtheversionofP.W.2Jagat
    Bhole.

    231] It has come on record that the copy of panchanama of


    housesearchofhouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaregardingseizureof
    electronic gadgets (Articlesno.1 to41) wasgiven to accused no.6
    Saibabaandhissignaturewasobtainedonthecopyofpanchanama
    andthishasnotbeendisputedbythedefence.Tothateffectthereis
    evidence of Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche. From his
    evidence, it is clearly established that before taking the search of
    houseofaccusedno.6Saibabahehadobtainedsearchwarrantfrom
    J.M.F.C., Aheri vide Exhibit No.244 and thereafter he went to the
    houseofaccusedno.6SaibabaalongwithotherpolicestafftoDelhi
    and with the help of police of Moris Nagar Police Station he
    conductedhousesearchofaccusedno.6SaibabainpresenceofP.W.2
    JagatBholeandseizedelectronicarticlesNo.1to41fromhishouse
    and before taking of house search of accused Saibaba, the police
    officersofferedtheirpersonalsearchtobetakenbyhiswife,butthey
    refusedforthesameandthisfacthasbeenmentionedinpanchanama
    atExh.165.EvenassumingforthesakeofargumentthatpanchP.W.2
    JagatBholeandaccusedno.6Saibabawerekeptoutsidethehouse
    butfromtheevidenceofPW.11SuhasBawcheithascomeonrecord
    that at the time of housesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba,accused
    no.6SaibabaandhiswifeVasanthawerepresent.

    232] Evenassumingforsakeofargumentmerelybecausethere
    hasbeensomeirregularitiesatthetimeoftakingsearchofhouseof
    accused no.6 Saibabathatisnotagroundtodiscardtheevidence
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    collected duringsuchsearchandatthisjunctureitisnecessaryto
    considerratiolaiddownbytheApexCourtinthecaseof Stateof
    Haryana vs. Rajmal and another (2011)
    Supreme Court Cases
    326 reportedinSupremeCourtCases(Cri)1328whereinitisheld
    that

    D.CriminalTrialSearchandseizureIllegality
    ofsearchprocedureEffectofIllegalsearchdoes
    notvitiateseizureofarticlesRequirementoflawin
    suchcasesisthatCourthastoexaminecarefullythe
    evidence regarding seizure, and beyond this no
    further consequences ensue Held, thus no error
    committed by courts below by proceeding on
    materialcollectedasaresultofseizureofmaterials
    Animals, birds and fish Punjab Prohibition of
    CowSlaughterAct,1955(15of1956)Ss.3and8
    CriminalProcedureCode,1973,Ss.100and102.
    (paras17and18)

    233] Thedefencehasattackedonthegroundthatatthetime
    ofhousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabavideographerwasprovided
    andvideographyofthesaidproceedingwasdoneandthereafterCD
    was prepared to that effect. However videographer was not
    examinedandCDwasalsonotproducedonrecord. Henceadverse
    inferenceistobedrawnagainsttheprosecution. Insupportofhis
    submissionthedefencereliedonthefollowingJudgments

    [ii] Tomaso Bruno vs. State of U.P. reported in 2015 (1)


    Crimes105(SC),whereinitisheldthat

    (b) Criminal trial Circumstantial evidence


    NonproductionofCCTVfootage,noncollectionof
    call record (details) and sim details of mobile
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    phonesseizedfromtheaccusedNotmerefaulty
    investigation Amounts to withholding of best
    evidence Section 114(g) Indian Evidence Act,
    1972 Adverse inference may be drawn against
    prosecutionfornotproducingtheaforesaiddetails
    particularly CCTV footage while it could
    Prosecutionneitherexaminingthedoctordeclaring
    the deceased 'brought dead' nor producing the
    reportthatwaspreparedintheemergencywardof
    thehospitalNotproducingdeathintimationsent
    tothepolice.(Para27,29,30)

    [iii] Shri Balkrishna Bhau Desai vs. The State of


    Maharashtrareportedin2016ALLMR(Cri)1913,whereinitis
    observedthat

    (C) Prevention of Corruption Act (1988), Ss.7,


    13(2), 13(1)(d) Evidence of trap Non
    productionoftaperecorderusedintrapEffect
    Evidenceofcomplainantthatconversationbetween
    him and accused was not only recorded, but also
    heardbyIOandpanchasafterthetrapwasover
    Whereas IO denied any such recording Adverse
    inferencemaybedrawnthatrecordedconversation,
    if produced, would not have supported the
    prosecution case Approach of trial court while
    proceeding on possibility that conversation might
    not have been recorded due to some mechanical
    defect,orthatitwouldnothavebeenaudible,even
    thoughnobodyputacasetothateffect,iserroneous
    approachHeld,thisisseriousinfirmitywhichby
    itself, is sufficient to raise doubt on case of
    prosecution.(Paras17,18,20,26)

    234] Itiswellsettledthatwhileconsideringratiodecidendiof
    thecasethefactualaspectunderwhichtheobservationsaremadeis
    tobeconsidered.Atthisstageitisnecessarytoconsidertheratiolaid
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    down in the Judgment of Hon'ble Apex Court in case of


    PadmasundaraRao(Dead)andothersvStateofT.N.andothers
    reportedinAIR2002SupremeCourt1334whereinitisheldthat
    (A) Interpretation of Statutes Precedents
    RelianceondecisionsCannotbeplacedwithout
    discussing fact situation of decision relied on.
    Courts should not place reliance on decisions
    without discussing as to how the factual situation
    fits in with the fact situation of the decision on
    which reliance isplaced. There isalwaysperilin
    treating the words of a speech or judgment as
    though they are words in a legislative enactment
    anditistoberememberedthatjudicialutterances
    aremadeinthesettingofthefactsofaparticular
    case. Circumstantial flexibility, one additional or
    different fact may make a world of difference
    betweenconclusionsintwocases.

    235] FurtherincaseofRameshSinghaliasPhottiv.Stateof
    A.P. reported in AIR 2004 Supreme Court 4545 the Apex Court
    observedthat

    (B)PrecedentEarliercase Canbetreatedas
    precedent only if facts and circumstances in such
    earlier cited case is in pari materia in all respects
    withfactsandcircumstancesofcaseinhand.(Para
    11)

    236] Atthisjuncture,itisnecessarytoconsiderratiolaid
    downbytheApexCourtinthecaseof AjayKumarSinghvs
    FlagOfficer, CommandingInChiefandothers reportedin
    AIR2016SupremeCourt3528whereinitisobservedthat
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    IndianPenalCode(45of1860)S.391EvidenceAct
    (1 of 1872), S. 45 Robbery Expert evidence Chance
    fingerprints lifted from entrance glass doors of bank Non
    examination of photographer Also nonproduction of
    negatives of photographs of chance fingerprints Said lapse
    cannotresultinacquittalofaccusedCriminaltrialsshouldnot
    bemadecasualtyforsuchlapsesininvestigationorprosecution.
    CriminalP.C.(2of1974),S.156.(Para17)

    237] In the above case accused was charged for offence


    punishableundersection392and342andduringinvestigationthe
    photographofaccusedwastakenandnegativesofphotographwere
    alsoavailableandstatementofphotographerwasalsorecorded,but
    duringthetrialthephotographerwasnotexamined.Thephotograph
    andnegativeswerealsonotproducedandinthatsituationtheApex
    Court observed that the said lapses cannot result in acquittal of
    accused. On going through the Judgment of Hon'ble Apex Court
    reliedbydefenceTomasoBrunovs.StateofU.P.reportedin2015
    (1)Crimes105(SC)citedsupraitseemsthatCCTVfootagewasnot
    collectedduringinvestigation.However,thefactsofthepresentcase
    are identical with the facts of Ajay Kumar Singh vs Flag Officer,
    CommandingInChiefandothers reportedin AIR2016Supreme
    Court3528,henceasdiscussedaboveratiolaiddownbyApexCourt
    inthecaseofAjaykumarsinghwouldbeapplicabletothepresent
    case.Hence,merelybecausevideographerwasnotexaminedandCD
    wasnotproducedonrecord,isnotagroundtorejectthetestimonyof
    investigating officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche. When he has given
    explanation that while videographing the proceeding of search of
    houseofaccusedno.6Saibababythevideographer,thememoriesof
    thevideocamerawasfull,henceitcouldnotbeproduced.
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    238] ButInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawchestatedthat
    thePolicestaffaccompaniedwithhimhavealsomadevideorecording
    ofproceedingofpanchanamaontheirrespectivemobilephonesand
    it was stored in the computer after coming back to Aheri Police
    Stationandthesamewassavedinafolderandthereafter,prepared
    the CD of the same folder and he submitted the same before the
    Court. ItisatArt.144. AsthesaidCDisnotaccompaniedbythe
    certificateasrequiredundersection65BofIndianEvidenceAct,it
    cannotbetakenintoconsideration.

    239] Themaindefenceofaccusedno.6Saibabaisthatseizure
    of all alleged electronic gadgets i.e. CDs, DVDs, pendrives, hard
    disks, memorycards (Arts.No. 1 to 41) from the house search of
    accusedno.6SaibabavidepanchanamaExh.165isfalse,fabricated
    andmanipulatedandthesuggestionsweregiventotheInvestigating
    Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche that the electronic gadgets i.e. CDs,
    DVDs,pendrives,harddisks,memorycards(Arts.No.1to41)were
    takenoutfromthedensandmanipulatedandshowntoberecovered
    from the house of accused no.6 Saibaba. In support of his
    submissionheplacedrelianceonthefollowingjudgments:

    [i] Yusufalli Esmail Nagree vs. The State of Maharashtra


    reportedinAIR1968SupremeCourt147,whereinitisheldthat
    (A) Evidence Act (1 of 1872), S.6, S.8, S.7
    OffenceunderS.165APenalCodeEvidenceTrap
    laid Conversation between accused and
    complainanttaperecordedAmounthandedoverto
    complainant Voices of complainant and accused
    identified Contemporaneous dialogue between
    them held formed part of res gestae and was
    relevantunderS.8Further,likeaphotographofa
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    relevantincidentacontemporaneoustaperecordof
    a relevant conversation was admissible under S.7.
    Caselawrelied(Para5)

    [ii] MahabirPrasadVerma.vs.Dr.SurinderKaurreported
    inAIR1982SupremeCourt1043,whereinitisheldthat
    (A)EvidenceAct(1of1872),S.63Taperecorded
    conversationCredibilityCanbereliedononlyas
    corroborativeevidence.(Taperecordedconversation
    Credibility).

    [iii] Tukaram S. Dighole vs. Manikrao Shivaji Kokate


    reportedin(2010)4SupremeCourtCases329,whereinitisheld
    that
    B. EvidenceAct,1872Ss.3,61to65,74
    and75Contentsofaudio/videocassetteNature
    of proof Mere production of an audio cassette,
    assumingthatthesamewasacertifiedcopyissued
    by Election Commission Held, tape records of
    speechesaredocumentsasdefinedinS.3ofthe
    EvidenceActandstandonnodifferentfootingthan
    photographsAudioandvideotapetechnologyhas
    emergedasapowerfulmediumthroughwhichfirst
    hand information about an event can be gathered
    andinagivensituationmayprovetobeacrucial
    pieceofevidenceHowever,withfastdevelopment
    in electronic techniques, tapes/cassettes are more
    susceptible to tampering and alterations by
    transposition,excision,etc.whichmaybedifficultto
    detect and therefore, such evidence has to be
    receivedwithcautionToruleoutpossibilityofany
    kindoftamperingwithtape,standardascompared
    to other documentary evidence Held, appellant
    miserablyfailedtoproveauthenticityofcassetteas
    well as accuracyofspeechespurportedlymade by
    respondentAdmittedly,appellantdidnotleadany
    evidencetoprovethatcassetteproducedonrecord
    was a true reproduction of original speeches by
    respondentorhisagentThus,appellantfailedto
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    prove that respondent was guilty of indulging in


    corrupt practices Criminal Trial Proof
    Electronicevidence/Taperecords.(Paras23to27)

    240] It is important to note that from the evidence of


    Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche it is clear that during
    interrogationwithaccusedno.3HemMishraandno.4PrashantRahi
    involvement of accused no.6 Saibaba was revealed and hence he
    soughtpermission from JMFCAheriP.W.12NileshwarVyason49
    2013fortakingthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaandafter
    gettingpermissionon792013,healongwith Addl.S.P.Mina,PI
    Badgujar,P.C.Kumbhare,H.C.Dubeyandotherpolicestaffleftfor
    Delhion992013andhadtakenentryExh.275Jinthestationdiary
    aboutthesameandthereafteron1292013heissuedletterExh.252
    to incharge Police Station officer, Morisnagar for providing police
    staff,computerexpertandVideographerandthereafterthesaidPolice
    Stationprovidedpolicestafftothemforconductingraidatthehouse
    ofaccusedno.6SaibabaashewasresidinginthecampusofDelhi
    University.

    241] Thereafter, Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche


    alongwith his police staff, videographer, panch and police staff of
    DelhiproceededtothehouseofSaibaba andafterreachingtothe
    house of accused no.6 Saibaba they found his wife Vasanta was
    presentinthehouseandsheopenedthedoorofhouseandtheygave
    theirintroductionandthepurposeoftheirvisitattheirhouseand
    thereafter, she called accused no.6 Saibaba. He stated that they
    showed the copy of house search warrant to both of them and
    obtainedthesignatureofSaibabaandrequestedtocooperatewhile
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    takingthehousesearchofhishouseandorallyintimatedtoaccused
    no.6 Saibaba and his wife that they could take personal search of
    themselvesandthepanchasandtheaccusedno.6Saibabaandhis
    wife Vasanta declined to the same and this fact is mentioned in
    panchanama at Exh.165 and then they along with accused no.6
    Saibabaandhiswifeenteredthehouseandstartedtakingthesearch
    of his house in presence of panchas and seized electronic gadgets
    Arts.1to41,threemobiles,twoSIMcards,books,magazineandsome
    otherarticlesandpanchnama(Exh.165)ofhousesearchandseizure
    wascarriedoutinpresenceofpanchwitnessP.W.2JagatBholeandall
    the properties were sealed with labels and signatures of P.W.2 and
    P.W.11 Suhas Bawche copyofpanchanama,the same wasgivento
    accusedno.6Saibaba.

    242] After seizure and sealing of said articles Investigating


    OfficerP.W.11SuhasBawche and other police staff came to Aheri
    PoliceStationbyaeroplaneandon1392013depositedtheproperty
    withtheMuddemalclerkinAheriPoliceStationinsealedcondition
    and to that effect there is entry in the muddemal register at
    Exh.276C.Ongoingthroughtheaboveevidenceitisclearthatthere
    isnoreasontodisbelievetheversionofInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11
    SuhasBawcheandpanchwitnessP.W.2JagatBholethaton12.9.2013
    house search of house of accused no.6 Saibaba was taken and
    electronicdataCDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks,laptops(Arts.1to
    41),threemobiles,twoSIMcards,books,magazine,naxalliterature
    andsomeotherarticleswereseizedunderhousesearchpanchanama
    Exh.165 and defence of the accused that those articles were
    manipulatedandfabricatedisnotreliable. Furtherithascomeon
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    recordthatafterdrawingpanchanamacopyofthepanchanamawas
    alsogiventoaccusedno.6Saibabaandhissignaturewasobtained
    thereonandExh.165bearshissignature. Thisshowsthatpanchanama
    Exh.165wascarriedoutatthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    243] Itisimportanttonotethattheelectronicdatacontained
    inelectronicgadgetslikeCDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks,(Arts.No.
    1 to 41) is around 3 TB. Had the police officer manipulated or
    fabricated the said electronic data in CDs, DVDs, pendrives, hard
    disks (Art.nos.1 to 41), they would have inserted (by way of
    fabricationormanipulation)onlyincriminatingmaterialandnotthe
    dataormaterialrelatingtothepersonalcorrespondenceofaccused
    no.6Saibabaandfamily photographsofaccusedno.6Saibabaand
    HindisongsinaudioandvideoformandEnglishandHindimovies
    around100innumbers.

    244] Further had the police fabricated and manipulated the


    electronicdatainCDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks(Art.nos.1to41)
    theywouldnothaveprotectedthetextfilewithpasswordanddeleted
    thefilesfromtheharddisksseizedfromthehousesearchofaccused
    no.6Saibaba.Further,itisthecontentionofthedefencethatthesaid
    electronicgadgetsCDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks(Art.nos.1to41)
    bear unique identification numbers which were not mentioned in
    panchanama (Exh.165) when those gadgets were seized. It is
    importanttonoteherethatoncarefulperusalofthesaidelectronic
    gadgetsCDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks(Art.nos.1to41)unique
    identificationnumberisnotvisible.Besides,inviewoftheanswerof
    ScientificExpertP.W.21BhaveshNikamtothecourtquestionthathe
    didnotfindanychange,alterationortamperinginoriginalexistence
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    offilecontainedinelectronicgadgetsCDs,DVDs,pendrives,hard
    disks (Art.nos.1 to 41) and 16 GB memory card seized from the
    possession of accused No.3 Hem Mishra, the non mentioning of
    uniqueidentificationnumberofelectronicgadgetsinpanchanamasis
    notfataltoprosecutioncase.

    245] The defence further attacked on the evidence of


    prosecution witnesses on the point that before carrying out house
    search of house of accused no.6 Saibaba the permission of Vice
    chancellorofDelhiUniversitywasnottakenandwhentheoffenceis
    punishable with more than seven year imprisonment no public
    servantistakenasapanchwitnessforsearchofthehouseofaccused
    no.6 Saibaba. Though there is an admission on the part of
    InvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawche,thedefencesidefailedto
    point out under which law the permission of Vicechancellor is
    requiredandthatwhentheoffenceispunishableformorethanseven
    years imprisonment the public servant is necessary to be taken as
    panchwitness. Onthecontrary,InvestigatingOfficerP.W.11Suhas
    Bawche in his crossexamination stated that when he went to the
    Delhialongwithhispolicestaffon1292013andherequestedPolice
    Station officer, Morisnagar for providing panch witness and the
    Morisnagar Police Station procured police staff and panch witness
    P.W.2 Jagat Bhole and thereafter Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas
    BawchealongwithpolicestaffofAheriPoliceStationandMorisnagar
    PoliceStationandP.W.2JagatBholeconductedthesearch. Hence,
    panch witness P.W.2 Jagat Bhole provided by Morisnagar Police
    Station was taken by Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche.
    Therefore,noillegalitywascommittedbyInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11
    SuhasBawche.
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    246] Accordingtodefenceaccusedno.6Saibabahadrequested
    totakesearchofhishouseinpresenceofProfessorsandstudentsof
    Delhi University and his friend Advocates but the house search of
    accused no.6 Saibaba was not taken inspite of his said request.
    However, Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his cross
    examination clearly stated that said request was made after
    completionofsearch,hencethereisnosubstanceintheargumentof
    defencethatstudents,professorofDelhiUniversitywerenottakenas
    apanchasforhousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    247] Accordingtothedefencethereisomissionaboutthefact
    that25to30CDs,laptop,4to5pendrives,4to5harddisk,5to6
    bookswerefoundduringhousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaisnot
    mentionedinpanchanama(Exh.165),however,ongoingthroughthe
    panchanamaExh.165itisclearthatinthesaidpanchanamadetailsof
    electronicgadgetsCDs,DVDs,pendrivesandharddisksi.e.Articles
    no.1to41arementionedinit.TheevidenceofP.W.2JagatBholeand
    Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche is clear that the articles
    no.1to41alongwithotherarticleslikemagazines,bookswereseized
    from the house searchof accusedno.6Saibabaandpanchwitness
    P.W.2JagatBholeandInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawchehave
    identifiedallthearticlesbeforetheCourt.Hence,merenonmention
    of above fact in the panchanama Exh.165 is not fatal to the
    prosecution.

    248] According to the defence there is possibility of altering


    andtamperingoftheelectronicgadgetsArts.1to41andforthat
    purposedefencereliedontheadmissiongivenbyInvestigatingOfficer
    P.W.11SuhasBawcheinhiscrossexaminationwhereinheadmitted
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    thatthereisawebsiteoninternetfornaxalrelatedbannedthoughts
    and all information regarding CPI Maoist and naxal literature,
    meetings, centralcommitteeresolutionsareavailableandthereare
    also website on internet regarding to naxal literature and their
    committee,meetings,resolutionsetc.

    249] Inthepresentcasethedatacontainedintextformwas
    found in harddisk seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibabaisletters,correspondencebyComradestomembersofCPI
    (Maoist), draft manifesto of RDF organisation, personal
    communicationi.e.emailandthedefencehasnotbeenabletoshow
    thattheelectronicdataintextformisthesamewhichisavailableon
    thewebsiteoninternet.Hence,itcannotbesaidthatprosecutionhas
    manipulated, fabricated the data downloaded and copied from
    internetintheelectronicgadgetsandshownittobeseizedfromthe
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba. Further according to the
    defencesaidelectronicgadgetswerecollectedfromdensandthose
    wereshowntobeseizedfromhousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.
    However, Art.1 to 41 i.e. CDs, DVDs, Pendrives, Memory cards
    electronicdatacontainedinCDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisksseized
    fromthehousesearchofaccusedNo.6Saibabacontainsseveraltexts
    documentsaddressedbyaccusedNo.6Saibabainhisownnameand
    some time in the name of Prakash to the members of banned
    organizationCPIMaoistandRDF. Furtherthereareseveralfamily
    photographofSaibabaand,personalemailsofSaibabaareappearing
    intheharddisksseizedfromhousesearchofaccusedSaibaba,hence
    thecontentionofthedefencethattheaboveelectronicgadgetswere
    seizedfromonedensisfalse.
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    TamperingofSealandHashValue

    250] According to the defence the hash value of 16 GB


    memorycardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthepersonalsearchof
    accusedno.3HemMishraandArts.1to41CDs,DVDs,pendrives,
    harddisksallegedtobeseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibabawasnottakenatthetimeofseizure.Hence,theCFSLreports
    (Exh.266 and267)donot carryanyvalue. Fromtheevidence of
    P.W.10 Anil Badgujar it reveals that after the seizure of 16 GB
    memorycard of Sandisk company from the possession of accused
    no.3 Hem Mishra on 22.8.2013 it was sealed having labels of
    signatures of panch witness P.W.1 Santosh Bawne and P.W.10 Anil
    Badgujar and thereafter he immediately deposited the said 16 GB
    memorycardwiththemuddemalclerkofAheriPoliceStationP.W.13
    GaneshRathodonthesamedayandanentrytothateffectwastaken
    inmuddemalregistervideExh.276Ashowingthatitwasdepositedin
    sealedconditionandon25.8.2013saidmemorycardwastakenout
    byP.W.11SuhasBawcheforsendingittoCFSL,Mumbaiforscientific
    examination in sealed condition and handedover to carrier P.W.5
    RavindraKumbhareandhedeposited16GBmemorycardofSandisk
    company to CFSL, Mumbai in sealed condition. The evidence of
    P.W.21BhaveshNikamshowsthathereceived16GBmemorycardfor
    examinationinsealedconditionon25.08.2013.

    251] FurtherinrespectofArts.1to41CDs,DVDs,pendrives,
    harddisks there is evidence of Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas
    BawcheandpanchwitnessP.W.2JagatBholethaton12.9.2013they
    hadbeentothehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaandfromhishouse
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    searchelectronicgadgetsArts.1to41CDs,DVDs,pendrives,hard
    diskswereseizedunderpanchanamaatExh.165andafterseizureof
    thesame, alltheelectronicdevicesincludingArts.no.1to41were
    sealedinoneplasticbox,laptopwaskeptinanotherpacketandthe
    printed matter and books were kept in third packet and all three
    packetsweresealedandlabelsofsignaturesofInvestigatingOfficer
    P.W.11 Suhas Bawche and panch P.W.2 Jagat Bhole were affixed
    thereonandInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawchecamebyplane
    toNagpurandthentoAheriPoliceStationimmediatelyon13.9.2013
    andonthesamedayhedepositedthesealedarticlesinAheriPolice
    Stationandanentrytothateffectwastakeninmuddemalregisterby
    P.W.13GaneshRathodvideExh.276C.

    252] On perusal of entry Exh.276C in muddemal register it


    revealsthaton13.9.2013InvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawche,
    SDPO,Aherihaddepositedonesealedplasticboxandtwosealedbig
    paperpacketinAheriPoliceStation.Accordingtotheprosecutionin
    ordertoseparatethemobilephonesfromelectronicgadgetsArts.1to
    41CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddiskstheboxcontainingArts.1to41
    CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddiskswasopenedinpresenceofpanch
    witness P.W.4 Shrikant Gaddewar and at that time earlier sealed
    plastic box bearing signaturesofInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11Suhas
    Bawche and panch witness P.W.2 Jagat Bhola were removed and
    mobile phones were separated and new seals having signatures of
    Investigating OfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheandpanchwitnessP.W.4
    ShrikantGaddewardated14.9.2013wereaffixedandtothateffect
    panchnamaatExh.202waspreparedandthereafter, saidproperty
    wassentthroughcarrierP.W.5RavindraKumbharetoCFSLMumbai
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    178 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    by letter dated 14.9.2013 and as deposed by Investigating Officer


    P.W.11 Suhas Bawche that there weresealed24packetsandwhen
    P.W.5RavindraKumbharealongwithP.W.15NarendraDubeyhadgone
    toCFSL,Mumbai,theofficerofCFSLaskedthemasthesaidproperty
    was relating to one crime, that officer asked him to put the said
    propertyinoneboxandheprocuredoneboxwiththehelpofP.W.15
    NarendraDubeyandputallthe24sealedpacketandoneparcelin
    thesaidboxandputsealthereonandtothateffectthereisearlier
    entryhavingsignatureofClerkofCFSLaboutreceiptof24sealed
    packets.Though,therearesomediscrepanciesintheevidenceofP.W.
    5 Ravindra Kumbhare and P.W. 15 Narendra Dubey those
    discrepanciesareinrespectofonlyputtingof24sealedpacketsin
    plasticboxandnotinrespectof24sealedpacketshavingsealsand
    signaturesofInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheandpanch
    witnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewar.Hence,defencecannotmakeany
    useofthesame.

    253] FurthertheevidenceofScientificexpertP.W.21Bhavesh
    Nikamrevealsthathereceived24sealedpacketsforexaminationand
    thoseweresealedandthereafterheopenedthose24packets.From
    this fact, prosecution has clearlyestablished the fact that afterthe
    seizureof16GBmemorycardandelectronicgadgetsatArticles1to
    41thosearticles/propertiesweresealedwiththelabelsofsignatureof
    panchasandpolicetillitwassenttoCFSLforexaminationandthat
    tilltheopeningofthosepacketsthesealwasintact. Therewasno
    timeforpoliceofficerforfabricationandmanipulationinelectronic
    data contained therein and thereafter on examination of 16 GB
    memorycardandArticles1to41CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisk
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    179 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    ScientificExpertP.W.21BhaveshNikamhadtakenouthashvalueof
    thesaidgadgetsasappearinginCFSLreportsatExhs.266and267.
    Theyarereproducedasunder:

    (ExhibitNo.266)
    HashValue

    254] AllthecontentsofmemorycardinexhibitEx1aregiven
    inanannexureharddiskmarkedasAnnexureHardDiskCy446
    13.Thedetailsaregivenasbelow;

    Sr.No. Exhibit Detailsaregiveninfile HashValue


    No. named
    1 Ex1 Ex1AllFileDetails.xls a9e044aaea37f9756c30e
    f52d37d7974

    RESULTSOFANALYSIS
    (ExhibitNo.267)

    255] OnthoroughcyberforensicanalysisofexhibitsEx1toEx
    25/1followingwererevealed.
    1] Thedetailsoftotaldiskcapacityandpartitioncapacityof
    harddisksaregivenasbelow:

    Sr. Exhibit Total Partition AcquiredintheHardDisk


    No. No. Capacity Capacity
    1 Ex3 931.48 931.48GB Make:Seagate,Capacity:1TB,
    GB Model:ST31000322CS,S/N:5VX2SVPE,
    Markedas:ImageofCy475/13Ex3,
    MD5HashofForensicImage:
    a77d51cdd3a18c32bb95653110086cfa
    2 Ex4 297.49 297.48GB Make:WesternDigital,Capacity:2TB,
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    180 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    GB Model:WD20EARXOOPASBO,
    S/N:WCAZAL276482,
    Markedas:ImageofCy475/13Ex4&5,
    MD5HashofForensicImage:
    8CED9C856A6D671B85D9B6BAB25F8109
    3 Ex5 931.51 931.51GB Make:WesternDigital,Capacity:2TB,
    GB Model:WD20EARXOOPASBO,
    S/N:WCAZAL276482,
    Markedas:ImageofCy475/13Ex4&5,
    MD5HashofForensicImage:
    efe5ce211c5e941025c25454fd7dbaf6
    4 Ex25 465.76 12.95GB Make:Seagate,Capacity:500GB,
    GB 100MB Model:ST500DM002,S/N:Z3TPHA8J,
    452.72GB Markedas:ImageofCy475/13other,
    MD5HashofForensicImage:
    6ee482dad22c15f4215752c50406f118

    2] The CDs and DVDs are acquired in hard disk [Make:


    Seagate, Model: ST500DM002, S/N: Z3TPHA8J,Capacity: 500GB].
    Thedetailsoftotaldiskcapacityanddatacapacityareasfollows;

    Sr. Exh.No. Disk Date HashValue


    No. Capacity Capacity
    1 Ex6/2 4.7GB 4.11GB C10680C6B242878C459094617F62FE38
    2 Ex7/1 4.7GB 2.85GB 686DBE3AE6275A7A430DA430F8C8158F
    3 Ex7/2 4.7GB 3.33GB 6007D9461883CBEOBB8F1F4C6D2B5CCO
    4 Ex7/3 4.7GB 2.00GB 3BA35224DA6E58A3DBOBAC1AB3A7DE02
    5 Ex8 4.7GB 4.31GB 22757987E266C3D2EDOD3C430007694D
    6 Ex9 4.7GB 4.20GB CEB1DF18F4946FO171A67146B66CD59A
    7 Ex10 4.7GB 3.88GB D275EA24504BC65E58A3744A8609EE5A
    8 Ex11/1 4.7GB 3.56GB 97555BB79F0319BD52AOEAF26DFE2DBE
    9 Ex11/2 4.7GB 3.73GB DCDF9C2F1693A5CE20096A44F9666DCA
    10 Ex12 4.7GB 456.56 ACD5202277B0883BACBEE2CFB0CF0BCF
    MB
    11 Ex15 4.7GB 4.30GB 80E49A952F9B93C34E819F6DDC8D1EF4
    12 Ex16 4.7GB 1.37GB B21DE36B55F9AD60C273EB01F3E2550F
    13 Ex17 700MB 303.58 C42DE937D3D68632048A3D50DB59605B
    MB
    14 Ex18/1 4.7GB 2.43GB 6370545844C6A45FE5BD78B0899C8DBE
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    181 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    15 EX18/2 4.7GB 2.38GB 30595B2EC2AF89EF2E5E79A64EB13C46


    16 Ex18/3 4.7GB 2.13GB EF88A6963972271CE4B5567B5BDC6F7F
    17 Ex18/4 4.7GB 2.44GB 1e25d4ca7a20b2ca8ae5611fda186c66
    18 Ex18/5 4.7GB 2.40GB 566E10E003CC7713C7ACBAE7FE6EB449
    19 Ex18/6 4.7GB 2.43GB 6432EC8D5C5CBB128931C972A7EE0008
    20 Ex18/7 4.7GB 2.43GB EF0434B86989D02B60693A22BC04C109
    21 Ex19 700MB 502.82 AB8E8167778FC2424F63C57B98C72EC8
    MB
    22 Ex20/3 4.7GB 2.45GB F09A3B69D5F41546FAC6F2416261682D
    23 Ex20/4 4.7GB 2.5GB 2FCAA696EFFC0B629373EC48E7F44973
    24 EX20/5 4.7GB 708.47 579D77F3121BF05FD9D92B3A0EC0C0F5
    MB

    3] The pendrivesandmemorycardsare acquiredinhard


    disk[Make:Seagate,Model:ST500DM002S/N:Z3TPHA8J,Capacity:
    500GB].Thedetailsoftotaldiskcapacityandpartitioncapacityare
    asfollows:

    Sr. Exhibit Disk Partition HashValue


    No. No. Capacity Capacity
    1 Ex21 29.82GB 29.82GB A8083D4B8021E59E414A6DA6EF7E0C4B
    2 Ex22 7.52GB 7.52GB 38FF8914BADBEB5A337B7D152C0226D2
    3 Ex23 15.11GB 15.11GB 9CFD64D314EBB0E906AAE727722DCF34
    4 Ex24 29.72GB 29.72GB 9126ACEBF152378E04C7C012A1D8104A

    256] Thepoliceofficerhadnooccasiontotakehashvalueat
    thetimeofseizure.Ordinarycomputerexpertcannotdeterminethe
    hashvalueoftheelectronicgadgets.Therefore,itwassenttoCFSL,
    Mumbai.Hence,merelybecausethehashvaluewasnottakenatthe
    timeofseizurethatcannotbeagroundtorejecttheprosecutioncase.
    Astheprosecutionhasprovedthisfactthatfromthetimeofseizure
    of electronic gadgets till its examination by CFSL expert P.W.21
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    182 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    BhaveshNikamthosewereinsealedconditiontherewasnotimeor
    opportunitytopolicetofabricateormanipulatetheelectronicdata
    containedtherein.

    257] It is important to note here that the defence has filed


    applicationatExh.145on4.1.2016forgettingsoftcopiesofthedata
    contained in electronic gadgets 16 GB memorycard of Sandisk
    companyandArticles1to41i.e.CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks.
    In order to preserve the hash value in respect of electronic data
    contained in the said electronic gadgets to make out possibility of
    editing,tamperingandalterationbyvirtueoforderdated 4.1.2016
    passedbelowExh.145,electronicgadgetsArticles1to41i.e.CDs,
    DVDs, pendrives, harddisks, laptop, memorycard seized from the
    housesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaand16G.B.memorycardof
    Sandiskcompanyseizedfrompossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishra
    were sent to CFSL Mumbai formakingsoftcopiesofthesamefor
    providing to prosecution and defence.The CFSL Mumbai prepared
    the soft copies of the same and sent the same to the Court and
    thereafter those soft copies of electronic data contained in 16GB
    memorycard and Arts.1 to 41 were supplied to prosecution and
    defence and while recording statements of accused No.3, 4 and 6
    under section 313 of Cr.P.C. The text documents, video clips and
    photographs were opened on the laptop of the Court and on the
    laptopofdefenceadvocateandthetextdocument,videoclipsand
    photographs were compared from the original electronic gadgets
    whicharethemuddemalpropertiesbeforetheCourtandfromthe
    soft copies supplied to defence and thereafter answers given by
    accusedNo.3,4and6wererecordedandtheCourtdidnotfindany
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    183 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    change or alteration in the said text documents, video clips and


    photographs, hence thoughthe hash value of the seized electronic
    gadgets was not taken at the time of seizure it is not fatal to
    prosecution.

    Sending of 16 GB memorycard of Sandisk Company to CFSL,


    Mumbaiforscientificexamination

    258] According to prosecution the 16 GB memory card of


    sandiskcompanyseizedfrompersonalsearchofaccusedNo.3Hem
    Mishra was sent to CFSL, Mumbai for examination through P.W.5
    RavindraKumbhare.Toprovethisfactprosecutionhasreliedonthe
    evidenceoffollowingwitnesses

    Sr. P.W. NameofWitness Exhibit


    No. No. No.
    1] P.W.5 Ravindra Manohar Kumbhare, the PC and 210
    carrier who carried and deposited the
    muddemaltoCFSL,Mumbai.
    2] P.W.13 Ganesh Rahod, the Muddemal Clerk in 298
    AheriPoliceStation
    3] P.W.21 Bhavesh Nikam, Scientific Expert who 371
    receivedelectronicgadgets16GBmemory
    cardforscientificanalysis

    Evidence

    259] Muddemal Clerk of Aheri Police Station P.W.13 Ganesh


    Rathodinhisexaminationstatedthaton25.08.2013themuddemal
    propertyi.e.16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthe
    possessionofaccusedNo.3HemMishrawassentalongwithcarrier
    P.W.5P.C.RavindraKumbhareB.No.2086toCFSL,Mumbaiandhehad
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    184 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    taken note to that effect in Muddemal Register at Exh.276A and


    obtainedsignatureofP.W.5P.C.RavindraKumbhareonit.Thecopyof
    entry is at Exh.276A shows signature of P.W.5 P.C.Kumbhare about
    receiptsofthesame.ThelearneddefenceAdvocateShriGadlingdid
    notcrossexaminethiswitnessonthispointspecifically.

    260] P.W.5RavindraKumbhareinhisexaminationstatedthat
    on25.08.2013hereceivedmemorycardofSandiskcompanyseized
    fromthepossessionofaccusedNo.3HemMishrafromInvestigating
    OfficerSDPOP.W.11SuhasBawchefordepositingthesametoCFSL,
    Bombaybyletterdated25.08.2013andhereceivedthesaidmemory
    cardinsealedconditionfromAheriP.S.andhetookthesameand
    depositedthesamewithCFSL,Bombayon30.08.2013andgotthe
    acknowledgementfromtheCFSLOffice,BombayvideletterExh.211.

    261] AlongwiththesaidletterquestionnaireatExh.211Awere
    soughtbyInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheandtheseareas
    under

    1] makeofthememorycardanditscapacity
    2] twocopiesofdatacontainingmemorycard
    3] softandhardcopyaboutallinformationinmemorycard
    4] tostatewhetherthefileswereprotectedbypasswordand
    toopenthesaidpasswordandgivedetailsoffile
    containingthesaidmemorycard.

    262] ThelearneddefenceAdvocateShriGadlingdidnotcross
    examinethiswitnessonthispointspecifically.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    185 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    263] Scientific Officer P.W.21 Bhavesh Nikam in his


    examinationinchiefstatedthathereceivedletterdated25.08.2013
    alongwith one 16 GB memory card, on which Sandisk Micro SD
    capacity16GBwrittenanditwasreceivedinhisofficeon30.08.2013
    andwhenthememorycardwasreceived,itwasinsealedcondition
    and alongwith letter dated 25.08.2013 he received questionnaire
    from the Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche. The learned
    defenceAdvocateShriGadlingdidnotcrossexaminethiswitnesson
    thispointspecifically.

    SendingofElectronicGadgetsArticlesNo.1to41CDs,DVDs,pen
    drives,harddisksseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    SaibabatoCFSL,Mumbai.

    264] According to the prosecution the electronic gadgets


    alongwithmobilephonesofaccusedno.6Saibabaweresealedinone
    boxhavinglabelsofsignatureofP.W.2JagatBholeandP.W.11Suhas
    Bawche and as the mobile phones were to be separated from
    electronic gadget, P.W.11 Suhas Bawche called P.W.4 Shrikant
    Gaddewarandremovedtheearliersealofhavinglabelsofsignature
    ofhimselfandP.W.2JagatBholeandseparatedthemobilephones,
    thereafter he put all electronic gadgets i.e. CDs, DVDs, pendrives,
    harddisksin24pocketsandthosewereputintheplasticboxand
    sealedinhispresenceandthelabelcontainingsignatureofhimself
    andP.W.4ShrikantGaddewar,wereaffixedtoplasticboxandthen
    sentthesametoCFSL,MumbaithroughP.W.5RavindraKumbhare
    and P.W.15 Narendra Dube and P.W.21 received the same for
    examination. To prove this fact prosecution has relied on the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    186 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    evidenceoffollowingwitnesses:

    Sr. P.W. NameofWitness Exhibit


    No. No. No.
    1] P.W.4 ShrikantGaddewar,panchwitness 198
    2] P.W.5 Ravindra Manohar Kumbhare, the PC and 210
    carrier who carried and deposited the
    muddemaltoCFSL,Mumbai.
    3] P.W.11 InvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche 235
    4] P.W.13 Ganesh Rathod, Muddemal Clerk in Aheri 298
    PoliceStation
    5] P.W.15 Narendra Dubey Station Diary Incharge in 308
    AheriPoliceStationwhoaccompaniedP.W.5
    Ravindra while carrying electronic gadgets
    (Arts.1to41)
    6] P.W.21 Bhavesh Nikam, Scientific Expert who 371
    receivedelectronicgadgets16GBmemory
    cardforscientificanalysis

    Evidence

    265] Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his


    examinationatExh.235statedthattheelectronicgadgetsArts.1to41
    seizedthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaweresentalongwith
    P.W.13P.C.KumbharetoCFSL,Bombaybyletterdated14.09.2014at
    Exh.212.

    266] PanchwitnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewarinhisexamination
    atExh.198statedthatpolicecalledhiminAheriPoliceStationon14
    92013inafternoonandatthattime,thepoliceofficials,panchasand
    P.W.11Dy.SPBawchewerepresentthereandpolicetoldhimthatafter
    obtaining search warrant from the court they had seized some
    propertyfromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaandthesamewasto
    beopenedtoverifywhethersomepropertywasrequiredtobesentto
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    187 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Forensic laboratory. He stated that then police had brought one


    plasticboxandtwosealedpacketsandthoseweresealedwithhis
    signatureandsignatureofpoliceandhestatedthatpoliceopened
    plastic box and in the said plastic box hard disk, pendrive three
    mobile phones were found and there was one harddisk, one CD
    writer,threemobilephonesandfourpendrivesandoneharddiskof
    SeagatecompanyandotherwasofWDbuffalocompanyandonone
    harddisk 'my passport' was written. One pendrive of Sandisk
    companyandanotherwasofsonycompanyandonependrivewasof
    Dellcompanyandone32GBmemorycardofsandiskcompanyand
    thosewere25to30CDsandtherewasblacklaptopofsonycompany
    alongwithbluetoothdevicewasfoundinsideonepacket.Inanother
    packet there were books. Except three mobiles and books, all
    electronicdeviceslikebluetoothandCDwriter,harddisks,pendrive
    andDVDswereputinoneplasticboxandpanchanamatothateffect
    waspreparedatExh.202.

    267] During crossexamination he admitted that plastic box


    beforetheCourtwasnotbroughtbeforehimatPoliceStationbutall
    thearticleswereinhardboardbox.

    268] RavindraKumbhare(P.W.5)inhisexaminationatExh.210
    hasstatedthat thepropertyseizedfromaccusedno.6Saibabawas
    senttoCFSLMumbaiandon1592013hereceivedsealedpackets
    regardingseizureofarticlesfromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    inCrimeNo.3017/2013byletter(Exh.212)underthesignaturesof
    P.W.11 SDPO Bawche and thereafter he deposited the said sealed
    envelop in the office of CFSL Bombay on 1792013 and got the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    188 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    acknowledgementaboutthereceiptfromCFSLBombay. Hestated
    that muddemal which he deposited on 1792013 consisted of 24
    sealed packets and one sealed parcel and when he went to CFSL,
    Bombay on 1792013 for depositing 24 sealed packets and one
    parcelinsealedcondition,theofficerofCFSLaskedhimtogivethe
    saidpropertyinoneboxandheprocuredoneboxwiththehelpof
    onepoliceofficerbynameNarendraDube,whowasalongwithhim
    andputallthe24sealedpacketsandoneparcelinthesaidboxand
    putsealthereon.OnthesaidcopyofletterofficeofCFSL,Mumbai
    gavereceiptsofonesealedparcel,sixblankharddisksandbelowthat
    signatureofMaheshKhanvekarandsealofCFSlanappearing,but
    beforethatentryofreceiptsof24sealedpockets,onesealedparcel,
    belowthatthereissignatureofconcernedclerkandthisentrywas
    scratchedandsubsequentaboveentrywastaken.Tothateffectthere
    isacopyofletteratExh.212,inwhichitismentionedthat1]one
    sealedplasticbox;2] onesealedparcel;3] six blank harddisks
    werereceivedbyCFSL,MumbaiandbelowthatsignatureofMahesh
    Khavnekar,sealofofficeofCFSLisappearing. BeforethatMahesh
    Khavanekarhasreceived24sealedpacketsand1sealedparcelandto
    thateffectheputhissignatureandsealofofficeofCFSL.

    269] Hefurtherstatedthathehadhandedover6blankhard
    diskstoCFSL,Bombayforgettingmirrorimages.

    270] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel. Inhiscrossexaminationheadmittedthathedidnotstate
    before police in his statement that The muddemal which he
    depositedon17.9.2013consistof24sealedpacketsandonesealed
    parcel and when he went on 1792013 for depositing 24 sealed
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    189 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    packets and one parcel in sealed condition to CFSL Bombay, the


    officerofCFSL,Bombayaskedhimtogivethesaidpropertyinone
    boxandaccordinglyheprocuredoneboxwiththehelpofonepolice
    officerwhowasalongwithhimandputallthe24sealedpacketsand
    oneparcelinthesaidboxandputsealthereonwhichwasbroughtby
    P.W.15DubeyH.C. Headmittedthathedidnotstateinhispolice
    statement that he depositedmirrorimagesin Police Station,Aheri.
    Hedenied thathedeposedfalselythathehadgivensecondcopyof
    mirrorimagestoP.W.11SDPOBawcheon3182013.Hedeniedthat
    heneverreceivedanypropertyfromAheriPoliceStationandnever
    carriedthesametoCFSLBombayandneverreceivedmirrorimages
    from CFSL Bombay and never deposited the same in Aheri Police
    Station.

    271] Narendra Dube (P.W.15) who was attached to Police


    Station, Aheri as ASI. He accompanied with Ravindra Kumbhare
    (P.W.5) to CFSL, Mumbai. He in his examination at Exh.308 has
    stated that on 1492013 / 1592013 he along with P.W.5 Police
    Constable Kumbhare had been to CFSL Mumbai along with
    muddemal on 1792013for depositing24sealed packetsandone
    parcelinsealedcondition.Thensaidofficeraskedhimtogiveallthe
    propertyinoneboxandaccordinglytheyprocuredoneplasticbox
    withthehelpofonepoliceofficerwhowasalongwiththemandput
    laptopandother24sealedpacketsseparatelyandoneparcelinthe
    saidboxandputsealthereonalongwithharddisks.

    272] This witness was crossexamined by learned defence


    counsel.Inhiscrossexaminationheadmittedthatthesealofpolice
    stationisinthecustodyofMalkhanaMoharirandhedoesnotknow
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    190 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    whether there is movement register of seal in police station. He


    admittedthatatpresenttheplasticboxdoesnothaveanysealand
    label.HedeniedthatentryistobetakeninMalkhanaregisterwhen
    thesealistoberemovedfromMalkhanaandhedidnotgowithwax
    seal in the office CFSL, Mumbai and 24 articles were not kept in
    plasticboxandthereafterhehadnotsealedthesamewithhisseal
    andthereafteritwasnothandedovertoCFSLMumbai.

    273] ScientificOfficerofCFSL,MumbaiP.W.21BhaveshNikam
    in his examination at Exh.371 stated that he received letter dated
    14.09.2014sentbyInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheSDPO
    Aherialongwith24sealedpacketsandonemoreparcelwithblank
    harddisks and his office received the property on 17.09.2013 and
    letterExh.212bearssealofinwardclerkofhisoffice.

    ArgumentoflearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathan

    274] ThelearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathansubmittedthat16
    GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthepossessionof
    accusedno.3HemMishraandelectronicgadgetslikeCDs,DVDs,pen
    drives, harddisks (Arts.1 to 41) seized from the house search of
    accusedno.6Saibabaweresentforexaminationandanalystreportto
    CFSL,MumbaithroughthecarrierRavindraKumbhare(P.W.5). To
    thateffect,RavindraKumbhare(P.W.5)hascategoricallystatedinhis
    examinationthaton30.8.2013hedepositedthe16GBmemorycard
    toCFSL,Mumbaiwhichhereceivedalongwithletter(Exh.211)from
    AheriPoliceStationandgotacknowledgementtothateffectandon
    17.9.2013hedeposited24sealedpacketsandoneparceli.e.Arts.1to
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    191 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    41seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6toCFSL,Mumbai.
    This fact is corroborated by P.W.15 Narendra Dube who had
    accompanied Ravindra Kumbhare (P.W.5) to the office of CFSL,
    Mumbai on 14.9.2013 and on 17.9.2013 and deposited 24 sealed
    packetsandoneparcelinsealedcondition. Hence,prosecutionhas
    established the sending of articles seized from accused no.3 Hem
    Mishraandno.6SaibabatoCFSL,Mumbaiinthiscase.

    ArgumentoflearnedAdvocateShriGadling

    275] HesubmittedthatpanchwitnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewar
    statedinhisexaminationinchiefinpara7thatpolicecalledhimin
    Aheri P.S. on 1492013 in afternoon and police told that after
    obtaining search warrant from the court they had seized some
    propertyfromthehouseofaccusedno.6G.N.Saibabaandthesame
    wastobeopenedandseenandtoverifywhethersomepropertywas
    requiredtobesenttoForensiclaboratoryandthenpolicehadbrought
    one plastic box and two sealed paper packets which bear their
    signatures.Hefurtherstatedthatthosewereopenedinhispresence
    andplasticboxwascontainingelectronicgadgetslikeharddiscs,pen
    drives,CDs,threemobilesetc.andinblackcolouredlaptopofSony
    company alongwith bluetooth device wasfoundinside one packet
    and in another packet there were books and three mobiles and
    panchanamatothateffectwaspreparedatExh.202.

    276] He invited attention of the Court on para no.8 of the


    examinationofInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheinwhichhe
    statedthatalltheelectronicdevicesseizedfromthehousesearchof
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    accusedno.6Saibabaweresealedinplasticbox,laptopwasseizedin
    separate packet, the printed matter and books were sealed in 3
    separate packets and all three items were sealed with labels of
    signaturesofpanchasunderpanchanamaatExh.165.

    277] He submitted that when Investigating Officer P.W.11


    SuhasBawchehadsegregatedallthepropertiesinoneplasticboxand
    other two packets on 12.9.2013there wasnonecessitytoprepare
    panchanamaon14.9.2013forsendingthesaidpropertytoCFSLand
    the said panchanama was prepared by Investigating Officer P.W.11
    SuhasBawcheashewantedtoplantelectronicgadgetstoshowthat
    the property wasseized fromthehousesearchofaccusedSaibaba
    andthepropertywhichtheprosecutionallegedtohaveseizedwas
    neverseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaandas
    suchnoelectronicgadgetsArt.1to41likeCDs,DVDs,pendrivesand
    harddiskswereseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    and were sent to CFSL and there was no necessity to prepare
    panchanamaExh.202anddifferentpropertywhichwassenttoCFSL
    wasplantedbyinvestigatingofficerP.W.11SuhasBawche.Hence,it
    was argued that no value is attachedtotheCFSLreport andthe
    evidence of P.W.4 Shrikant Gaddewar who was acting under the
    thumbofpoliceisnotreliable.

    278] He submittedthat theoryofputtingallpropertyin one


    plastic box is concocted as it falsifies the version of prosecution
    witnesses and from the covering letter dated 21.9.2013 of P.W.11
    SuhasBawcheitisclearthatpropertyincrimeno.3017/2013was
    sent in the packet and parcel and hence there was no reason for
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    askingthequestionbyofficerofCFSLtoP.W.5RavindraKumbhare
    whetherthesaidpropertywasinthesamecrimeorindifferentcrime.
    If the contention of the prosecution is accepted that on 21.9.2013
    P.W.11SuhasBawcheputallpropertyinoneplasticboxtherewasno
    reasontohavelabelsandsignaturesofpanchaswhichwereallegedto
    be made on 14.9.2013 and there should have been seal and
    signatures of either of P.W.15 Narendra Dube and P.W.5 Ravindra
    KumbhareandCFSLreportExh.267saysthatthesealedpacketswere
    intact.

    279] He submittedthat P.W.5RavindraKumbhare statedthat


    property was kept in one plastic box and CFSL report Exh.267 on
    record says that one sealed packet and one parcel were received.
    Hence,CFSLreportExh.267contradictstheoraltestimonyofP.W.5
    RavindraKumbhareandP.W.15NarendraDube. Forabovegrounds,
    heprayedrejectionofprosecutionevidenceonaboveaspect.

    Conclusion

    280] P.W.11 Suhas Bawche, in his examinationinchief stated


    thatwhileinterrogatingwithaccusedno.3HemMishraandaccused
    No.4 Prashant Rahi, he came to know about the involvement of
    accusedno.6Saibaba,thereafterhemadeanapplicationatExh.268
    beforeJ.M.F.C.,Aheriforgettingpermissiontocarryoutthehouse
    search of accused No.6 Saibaba at his house at Delhi. The said
    applicationwasmadeon26.02.2014. Thereafteron12.09.2013he
    went to Morisnagar Police Station at Delhi and requested them to
    provide police staff and panchas for carrying out house search of
    accusedNo.6SaibabaatDelhi.TheyprovidedP.W.2JagatBholeand
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    anotherpanchaRamkumar.Thereafter,healongwithpolicestaffand
    panchaswenttohouseofaccusedNo.6Saibaba,whichissituatedin
    thecampusofDelhiUniversity.BeforeproceedingtoDelhi,hemade
    anentryintheStationdiaryon09.09.2013andthecopyofstation
    diaryisproducedonrecordatExh.275. On12.09.2013whenthe
    wifeofaccusedSaibaba,Vasantawaspresent,heshowedthecopyof
    searchwarranttoherandaskedhertocallSaibaba,thenaccused
    Saibabacameathouse.Thereafterheofferedtotakepersonalsearch
    ofhimself,policeofficersandpanchas,buttheyrefusedforthesame
    andthisfactismentionedinthepanchanamaatExh.165.Thereafter
    he carried out the house search of accused Saibaba and seized
    extensive electronic gadgets CDs, pendrive, harddisks, laptop
    containingelectronicdataintheformoftext,audio,videoclipsand
    photographs alongwith other articles and the copy of panchanama
    Exh.165 and the said property was selaed with the labels having
    signature of panchas and police and copy was given to accused
    Saibabaandhissignaturewasobtainedthereon.

    281] Thereafter on 13.09.2013hecame toNagpurbyplane,


    thereafter to Aheri Police Station and deposited all the electronic
    gadgets in sealed condition with P.W.13 Ganesh Rathod. To that
    effect there is an entry in muddemal register at Exh.276D.
    Thereafterinordertoseparatethemobilephonesfromtheelectronic
    gadgets,whichiskeptinonebox,asthesaidelectronicgadgetswere
    tobesenttoCFSL,Mumbaiforexamination.HecalledP.W.4Shrikant
    Gaddewarandseparatedthepropertyfromthesaidbox,atthattime,
    earlier seal and having labels of his signature and panchas was
    removedandalltheelectronicgadgetsArt.1to41wereputin24
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    packets and labels of signature of himself and P.W.4 Shrikant


    Gaddewar dated 14.09.2013 were affixed and the said 24 sealed
    packets were sent through carrier P.W.5 Ravindra Kumbhare for
    depositing the same to CFSL, Mumbai. Ravindra Kumbhare P.W.5
    alongwithP.W.15NarendraDubewenttoCFSL,officeanddeposited
    24sealedpacketswithCFSL,Mumbaitothateffect.Initially,there
    wasentrybytheclerkMaheshKhavnekaraboutthereceiptsofsealed
    24packetswithhissignatureandsealofofficeofCFSL,Mumbai,but
    attheinstanceofMaheshKhavnekar,theRavindraKumbhareP.W.5
    andNarendraDubeP.W.15putthesameinoneanotherplasticbox
    andtothateffectthereisanentrydated17.09.2013.P.W.21Bhavesh
    Nikamopenedtheplasticboxon19.09.2013andhefound24sealed
    packetscontainingelectronicgadgets. Thoughtheplasticboxwas
    changed,butthe24sealedpacketswereinsealedconditionbefore
    examinationbyP.W.21BhaveshNikam.

    282] Thedatacontainingarticles1to41isaround3TBand
    aftertheseizureofarticle1to41underpanchanamaExh.165those
    weresealedwiththesignatureofP.W.2JagatBholeandinthesealed
    condition art.1 to 41 alongwith other articles were deposited with
    P.W.13 Ganesh Rathod, Muddemal Clerk, Police Station Aheri.
    Thereafter on 14.09.2013 the property/Articles 1 to 41 were
    separated from mobile phones and those were put in 24 packets,
    thoseweresealedwiththesignatureofSuhasBawcheandShrikant
    and those were handed over to P.W.5 Ravindra Kumbahre and he
    depositedon17.09.2013all24sealedpacketsinCFSL,Mumbai,but
    onlyboxwaschangedandP.W.21BhaveshNikamexaminedthesame
    on14.02.2014beforeexaminationhefound24sealedpackets.This
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    shows that at no point of time P.W.11 Suhas Bawche had an


    opportunitytomanipulateelectronicdataaround3TBinArt.1to41
    and16GBmemorycardseizedfrompossessionofaccusedNo.3Hem
    Mishra.

    283] Even,assumingforthesakeofargument,therearesome
    discrepancies in the evidence of P.W.2 Jagat Bhole, P.W.11 Suhas
    Bawche,P.W.5RavindraKumbhareandP.W.15NarendraDubeabout
    puttingof24sealedpacketsinplasticboxandsealingofthesame,
    buttheevidenceofthesewitnessesisconsistentonthepointthat24
    packetswereinsealedcondition.

    284] TheApexCourtinthecaseofKrishnaPillaiSreeKumar
    and another vs. State of Kerala reported in 1981 Cri.L.J. 743
    whereinitisobservedthat
    (B) Evidence Act (1 of 1872), S.3 Evidence
    AppreciationofCriminaltrialDiscrepancies.

    The prosecution evidence no doubt suffers


    inconsistencieshereanddiscrepanciestherebutthat
    is a shortcoming from which no criminal case is
    free. Themainthingtobeseeniswhetherthose
    inconsistencies,etc.,gototherootofthematteror
    pertain to insignificant aspects thereof. In the
    formercasethedefencemaybejustifiedinseeking
    advantage of the incongruities obtaining in the
    evidenceinthelatter,however,nosuchbenefitmay
    be available to it. That is a salutary method of
    appreciationofevidenceincriminalcases.(Para11)

    285] It is further well settled that while appreciating the


    evidenceitisthedutyofthecourttoremovethegrainfromthechaff
    andthemaximfalsusinunofalsusinomnibushasnoapplicationin
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    India. TheApexCourtinthecaseofGunnanaPentayyavs.State
    ofA.P.Reportedin2008BHCCO1910inCriminalAppealNo.292
    of2006,decidedon20thAugust,2008,inpara15observedthat

    E.MaximfalsusinunofalsusinomnibusIt
    hasnoapplicationinIndiaEvenifmajorportionof
    evidence found to be deficient, residue if found
    sufficienttoproveguilt,convictioncanbesustained.

    286] SimilarobservationsweremadebytheApexCourtinthe
    caseof SuchaSinghandanother.vs.StateofPunjabreported in
    AIR2003SupremeCourt3617whereinitisobservedthat

    (B)EvidenceAct(1of1872),S.3Maximfalsus
    inunofalsusinomnibusNotapplicableinIndia
    Majorportionofevidenceofwitnessfounddeficient
    ResiduesufficienttoproveguiltofaccusedHe
    canbeconvicted,notwithstandingacquittalofother
    accusedCourtshouldseparategrainfromchaff.

    287] In view of above though there are discrepancies in the


    evidenceofprosecutionwitnessesinrespectofputtingofthesealed
    packetsinplasticbox,thereisreliableevidenceinrespectofseizure
    ofelectronicgadgetsfromthehousesearchofaccusedSaibabaandit
    is clear from the examination by CFSL. Evidence of prosecution
    witnessesisconsistentandabovediscrepanciesdonotgototheroot
    of matter and the prosecution has proved the fact there was no
    occasion or opportunities to police to manipulate or alter the
    electronic data in the above electronic gadgets which were seized
    from the personal search of accused No.3 Hem Mishra and house
    searchofaccusedNo.6Saibaba.
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    Examinationof16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyseized
    from the possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra and Articles
    No.1 to 41 CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddisks seized from the
    housesearchofaccusedno.6SaibababyCFSL,Mumbai.

    288] Itisthecaseoftheprosecutionthatafterarrestofaccused
    no.3HemMishra,16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyalongwith
    other articles were seized from his possession under seizure
    panchanama(Exh.137)andthesameweredepositedinMalkhanaof
    AheriPoliceStationwithMuddemalClerkGaneshRathod(P.W.13).
    Further, during investigation involvement of accused no.6 Saibaba
    wasrevealedandaftertakingsearchwarrantfromP.W.12Nileshwar
    Vyas,InvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.21)hadtakenhouse
    searchofaccusedno.6SaibabasituatedatDelhiandduringhouse
    search electronic gadgets Arts.1 to 41 i.e. CDs, DVDs, pendrives,
    harddisksalongwithotherarticleswereseizedfromthehousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6Saibabaunderseizurepanchanama(Exh.165).

    289] Seizedelectronicdevicesi.e.16GBmemorycardseized
    fromaccusedno.3HemMishraandArts.1to41i.e.CDs,DVDs,pen
    drives,harddisksalongwithotherarticlesweresentthroughcarrier
    Ravindra Kumbhare (P.W.5) to CFSL, Kalina Mumbai for scientific
    analysis and report and those articles were examined by Scientific
    Expert Bhavesh Nikam (P.W.21) and after examination he issued
    analysis report at Exh.266 in respect of 16 GB memorycard of
    SandiskCompanyandreportExh.267inrespectofArts.1to41i.e.
    CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks.
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    290] Toprovethisaspectprosecutionreliedontheevidenceof
    BhaveshNikam(P.W.21)ScientificOfficerCFSL,BombayatExh.371.

    EVIDENCE

    291] Scientific Officer Bhavesh Nikam (P.W.21) who was


    attachedtoCFSL,Mumbai,inhisexaminationatExh.371statedthat
    hereceivedletterinCrimeno.3017/2013alongwith16GBMemory
    cardofSandiskcompanyon3082013insealedconditionandalso
    received questionnaire from investigating officer. He statedthat he
    receivedletterdated1492013issuedbyinvestigatingofficerSDPO
    Aheri and one sealed box containing 24 sealed packets, one more
    sealedparcelandsixblankharddiskswerealsoprovidedtohimand
    hereceivedthesameon1792013.

    292] Hestatedthatonreceiptofthesaid16GBmemorycard
    andArts.1to41heexaminedthesameandheopenedthesealin
    frontofHeadofDepartmentShriR.R.Mawleanditwasmarkedat
    Exh.X1. He stated that as requested by investigating officer one
    mirror image of the memory was provided by attending officer
    Mr.UttaraGawandandhandedovertoinvestigatingofficeralongwith
    letter dated 3082013 at Exh.372. He opened 24 sealed packets
    received from Aheri P.S. in front of Head of the Department and
    exhibitnumbersweremarkedtothearticlesprovidedbyinvestigating
    officeranddescriptionofexhibitswerementionedindescriptionbook
    ofCFSLLab.Heagainsealedthearticlesinforensiclabandkeptin
    safecustodyofHeadoftheDepartment.
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    293] Hestatedthaton1992013memorycardand24articles
    alongwithlaptopwereprovidedtohimforanalysisforverification
    and during analysis he gave exhibits on it and after recovering
    deletedfiles,hecreateditsfolderandthenhashingofthefileswere
    done and file signature matching was done based on the
    questionnairesofInvestigatingofficerandanalysiswasdoneandhe
    provided the data present in the exhibits were provided to
    investigating officer in harddisk marked as Harddisk Cy47513
    Part1, Part2/1 and Part 2/2 with letter dtd. 5 th Oct. 2013 vide
    O.W.no.2296/13and2297/13.

    294] HestatedthatheissuedlettertoSuhasBawche(P.W.11)
    SDPOAheri,alongwithmirrorimageofharddiskExh.4,Exh.6to
    12,Exh.14to17,Exh.18,Exh.19,Exh.20/3,Exh.20/4,Exh.20/5at
    Exh.373 and alsoissuedletterdt 5102013inrespectofcopyof
    Exh.5,Exh.21,Exh.22,Exh.23,Exh.24toSDPOAheriatExh.374and
    thereafter,heprovidedalldatapresentintheexhibitsprovidedtothe
    investigating officer in Annexure harddisk marked as Annexure
    harddiskCy47513alongwithreportgeneratedbyhimdated152
    2014 vide O.W.no. 4860/2014. He statedthat on 1522014one
    sealedparcelcontainingonememorycardof16GB,onereport,one
    Annexureharddiskandattestedhardcopies(15pages)werehanded
    overtoP.W.7ApekshaRamteke,LPCandthosewerereceivedbyher
    asperreceiptandsealofofficeofCFSLKalina.Heidentifiedreport
    dated1522014andhardcopiesof15pagesatExh.266. Onthe
    same day he handed over one sealed plastic box containing 24
    separatesealedparcelsandonesealedparcelcontaininglaptop,one
    sealed report, one Annexure harddisk, attested hard copies (247
    pages)toP.W.7ApekshaRamteke,LPCBuckle no.4131.Thereport
    dated1522014containing247pagesannexedtoExh.267.
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    295] HestatedthatHardcopiesofAnnexurestoExh.267were
    provided to him by letter from SDPO Aheri on 3012014 and
    thereafterbasedoncontentspresentkeywordsweregeneratedand
    based on file path provided by Investigating Officer P.W.11 SDPO
    Aheriandtheconcerneddocumentsweresearchedandverifiedand
    providedinhardcopiesandattestedandthereafter,asperrequestof
    SDPOAheribyletterdated1032016, CFSLofficehas provided
    certificatedated2232016videO.W.no.989/2016undersec.65(b)
    of Indian Evidence Act and it was countersigned by our Head of
    Department, Asst. Director of Cyber crime department Mrs.
    C.S.Kamat.Thesaidcertificatedt.2232016bearshissignatureand
    signature of Mrs. C.S. Kamat, Asst. Director Forensic Science
    Laboratory,HomeDepartment,GovernmentofMah.Mumbaiwhichis
    atExh.375andbythiscertificate,hecertifiedthatExhibitsinCr.no.
    3017/2013 of Aheri P.S.were received in CFSL Mumbaion 308
    2013 and 1792013. He stated that he analysed the exhibits and
    preparedthereportasperCFSLstandardoperatingprocedureand
    thereafter,analysisreport,annexureharddisk,annexurehardcopies
    (247 pages annexed to report Exh.267 and 15 pages annexed to
    reportExh.266)furnishedwhichwerepreparedbyhimusingCFSL
    computer.

    296] He stated that the path is marked on some of the


    documentsannexedtoExh.267.Forexampleoneletterdated279
    2002 Investigating Officer noted salutation dear comrades thereon
    andsomeofthedocumentisnotgivenpathandinrespectofthose
    documentsheappliedfollowingprocedure.
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    i] ByOCR (opticalcharacterrecognition)andindexinghe
    preparedsoftcopyofhardcopiesprovidedtohimandheprepared
    keywordsbasedonuniquewordsperpageandsearchedcompletein
    data set. After processing the respective search hits were visually
    analysedandcomparedpersonallywiththehardcopiesprovidedby
    investigatingofficervideExh.267.

    ii] SoalsoinrespectofExh.266(15pages)hefollowedthe
    sameprocedure.For CBIR(contentbasedimageretrieval) images
    prepared and index was performed and then they were compared
    withthehardcopiesprovidedtohim.HecheckedExh.266and267
    fromtheoriginalharddiscprovidedbytheinvestigatingofficer.

    Hestatedthatauthorofeveryfileisametadataproperty
    fileanditisinthenameofprofilesystem.

    297] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel. Inhiscrossexamination,headmittedthathewasserving
    oncontractbasisinCFSLandeveryyearthereisanadvertisementof
    recruitment in CFSL Mumbai and after submission of application
    personsareappointedafter2to3monthsandhedoesnotremember
    thedatewhentheadvertisementgivenbyCFSLKalinaMumbai.He
    admitted that ENCASE software is a license software and CFSL
    Mumbai having ENCASE software ofitsown.He admittedthat he
    does not have any information regarding to the license of Encase
    softwareandhasnotbroughtcopyofthesaidlicneceandhedoesnot
    haveanyinformation inrespectofissuanceoftenderinrespectof
    EnCasesoftware. HeadmittedthatM.K.MalvewastheirDirector
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    and he cannot identify his signature. He admitted that the


    informationregardingtheissueoftenderisavailableoninternetbut
    hewasnotabletosubmitthesametothecourt.

    298] He admitted that there is book in respect of ENCASE


    Computer Forensics, The official Encase Certified examiner Study
    guidesoftware and thesaidbookisalsoavailableoninternetand
    from this software paperless report is generated. He admitted that
    Exhs.266and267arenotthepaperlessreportofEncasesoftwareand
    theEncasereportispreparedintext,RTF, HTML,XML,XLS,XLSX,
    CSVandPDFformat.HeadmittedthatreportExh.266and267are
    in XLS format. He admitted that the report is generated in XLS
    format,however,asthesizeofthedocumentwasmoretoprovideit
    inhardcopy,sothefinalreportsareprovidedinXLSformat,butfinal
    reportsareprovidedintextformattofileinthecourt.Headmitted
    thatOCRandCBIRfacilitiesarenotavailableinencasesoftwareand
    in report Exhs.266 and 267 there is no mention of any software
    exceptencasesoftware.Headmittedthatencasesoftwarebelongsto
    Guidancecompanyandsaidcompanygivescertifiedtrainingcourse
    forexaminationofdocumentsbyusingencasesoftwareandhedoes
    notknowwhetherthereare61personsasdocumentexaminersin
    India and he did not go through the examination prescribed by
    guidancecompanyforexaminationofdocuments.

    299] He admitted that in computer system's the time, date


    settingcanbechangedbyenteringtheBiossetupandwhentheygo
    throughthebiossetupthenthereisentrycreatedintheeventlogby
    system. Hevoluntarilystatedthatifthedocumentiscopiedinthe
    same drive, for example, C drive then created date, last modified
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    date,lastexcessdatewillremainsameandifthesamedocumentis
    copiedfromonedrivetoanotherdriveforexampleCdrivetoDdrive,
    thenonlycreateddateschange,andlastmodified,lastaccessdate
    willremainsame.Headmittedthatifthedateandtimeischanged
    byenteringintoBiossetupthenanynewdocumentcreatedwould
    have meta data similar to system date and one can remove the
    personalinformationandpropertiesandalsotheauthor'sname,title
    anddatealsocanbechangedbyenteringintothepropertiesofthe
    computer.HeadmittedthatthepaperlessreportgeneratedbyEncase
    softwareisnotfiledonrecord.Headmittedthatthereisnocopyof
    EncasereportbutthereiscopyoffiledetailsexportedbyEncaseand
    he has not mentioned the system details in his report in which
    Exh.266 and 267 are generated and in Encase software separate
    reportofHashvalueisgenerated.

    300] HeadmittedthatinhisreportExh.266&267thereisno
    mention of matching of hash value and there is no mention of
    matchingofhashvaluebyEncasesoftware.Hevoluntarilystatedthat
    acquisitionlog,verificationreportandotherprocessesfollowedi.e.
    hashing log, file signatures matching log, filter run log, etc. are
    generatedonlyforofficecopypurpose.Headmittedthatnosuchlogs
    arementionedinreportasperthecurrenttemplateofthereportnor
    providedtotheInvestigatingOfficerifrequestedsaiddocumentcan
    beprovidedanduniquehashvalueisgeneratedforeveryevidenceor
    digitalmediaacquired.Headmittedthathedidnotfilethesoftcopy
    prepared from the hard copies provided to him by investigating
    officerwithrespectto247pagesand15pageswhicharethepartof
    Exh.267and266respectivelyandinhisreportthereisnoreference
    ofprocessfollowedbyhimregardingOCRandCBIRandpreparing
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    softcopiesandthemetadataofthefileisvulnerabletoanychanges
    orediting.Hevoluntarilystatedthatsuchchangescanbeidentified
    andcorrected.Headmittedthathashvalueisnotmentionedinthe
    harddiskof1TBmentionedinreportExh.266.

    301] In his crossexamination, he denied that they have not


    beenprovidedtheEncasereportgeneratedbyEncasesoftware.He
    voluntarilystatedthatallthereportsgeneratedbyEncasesoftware
    areprovidedseparatelyindigitalmediaandnoteforthesameisalso
    mentionedintheendofthereportasthesedocumentsprovidedare
    parts of report. He denied that as they were not having encase
    software they had not generated the said report through encase
    software.HedeniedthatifanyonegothroughBiossetup,dateand
    time ischangedincomputerthenifacopyofdocumentgenerated
    whichisalreadyexistsinthecomputerbeforethechangesofsystem
    datebyenteringintoBiossetupcannotchangethelastaccessdate
    andlastmodifieddatebutwillchangethecreateddate.Hedenied
    thathedidnotuseEncasesoftwareandhence,thepaperlessreport
    generatedthroughEncasesoftwareisnotfiledonrecordandhedid
    notgothroughEncasesoftwareatanypointoftime.Hedeniedthat
    hedidnotfollowtheOCRandCBIRprocessandheblindlysignedon
    Exhs.266and267ontheinstructionsofMr.Bawcheandsigned247
    pagesand15pages. HedeniedthathewasnotworkinginCFSL
    KalinaMumbaihence,hedidnotprepare saidreportandallhard
    copiesandsoftcopieswerepreparedbyShriBawcheandhedoesnot
    know anything about the case and he is deposing falsely at the
    instanceofP.W.23S.D.P.O.ShriDhumal.
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    302] Hedeniedthathedeposedfalselythathereceivedletter
    on2582013alongwithone16GBmemorycard,onwhichSandisk
    microHBcapacity16GBwaswrittenanditwasreceivedinhisoffice
    on 3082013, when the memory card is received it wasin sealed
    condition alongwith letter dated 2582013 and he received
    questionnairefromtheI.O.andthesealwasopenedinfrontofhis
    HeadofdepartmentShriMawale.Hedeniedthathedidnotreceive
    letterdated1492013issuedbyI.O.SDPOAheriandoneboxwas
    providedcontaining24sealedpackets,onemoresealedparcelandsix
    blankharddiskwerealsoprovidedandhedidnotreceivethesaid
    property in his office on 1792013. He denied that after it was
    receivedon1792013,thesealswereopenedinfrontofHeadofthe
    department and Exhibits numbers were marked to the exhibits
    providedbyinvestigatingofficeranddescriptionoftheexhibitswas
    mentionedinthedescriptionbookoftheCFSLlaband anentrytothat
    effectwasmadeinCFSLrecordbookandexhibitswereagainsealed
    inforensicsealandkeptinsafecustodyofHeadoftheDepartment.

    303] In this case, after completing the crossexamination by


    defence, the question was asked on behalf of the Court that
    WhetherExh.1isaoriginalmemorycardandExh.1to25contains
    alltheelectronicdigitalstoragemedialikependrives,CDS,DVDs,
    memorycards,laptopsharddisks,etc.whichcontainsdocumentfiles,
    mediai.e.audio,video?andWhatyoucansayabouttheoriginal
    existence of the file in text visual, audio and video format in the
    abovefilesandchangesoccurringinthesame?

    304] Inreplytothesaidquestion,thiswitnessansweredthat
    hedidnotobserveanysuchchanges,additionortamperingrelated
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    to the files present in the exhibit provided and based on file


    signatures analysis, link file analysis, prefetch analysis, system
    information,MFTdetails,registryanalysis,timestampanalysisand
    USB analysis, he came to the conclusion that there are no such
    changesintext,audioandvideo.

    305] Infurthercrossexaminationbydefenceheadmittedthat
    hehasnotmentionedinhisreportsatExh.266and267thathehad
    followedtheprocessasdeposedinanswertocourtquestionbuthe
    deniedthathedid notmentionit,ashedidnotfollowtheabove
    process.Headmittedthatthereisnoreporteitherintheformofsoft
    or hard copy showing whether there is a tampering or not in the
    electronic gadget containing electronic record like pendrive, CDs,
    VCDs,memorycard,etc.Hevoluntarilystatedthatincasehewould
    have come across any such alteration, he would have mentioned
    aboutthesameinthereport.

    306] This witness was recalled for crossexamination as per


    order passed below application at Exh.467 filed by Shri Gadling
    Advocate for the accused and he was crossexamined by Advocate
    Shri Gwalwansh on behalf of the accused. During his cross
    examinationheadmittedthatthecreateddateandtimewillbesame
    asdateofsystemdateandtimeandonlycreateddatewillbesameas
    thatofsystem'sdateandtime.Headmittedthatdetailsofcomputer
    systemisnotmentionedinhiscertificatesatExh.266and267where
    theanalysiswasmadeandhedoesnotknowwhethertheheadof
    CFSL,MumbaiKalinaisofficerintherankofIPSandhedoesnot
    knowwhethertheCFSLismanagedbypolicedepartment.Hefurther
    stated that his initial posting in CFSL Software Assistant Chemical
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    Analyzer for first year and for last two years he was working as
    ScientificOfficerandinCFSLatCyberDivisionwherehewasposting
    no posts are permanent but all are on contract basis and Uttara
    Gawand was also on temporary post. He stated that Assistant
    Directorwasassignedworktothemandtherewasnospecialorderof
    Government of Maharashtra for analysis of digital evidence in this
    case and there was no specific order in favour of him to examine
    digital evidence. He denied that in ENCASE software, format is
    providedforsavingthereport.

    307] ThiswitnesswasreexaminedbythelearnedSpl.P.P.Shri
    Sathainathanandduringhisreexaminationthiswitnessstatedthat
    he has passed Bachelor of Engineering from Padmabhushan
    Vasantdada Patil College of Engineering in 2009 from Mumbai
    University with First Class and delivered lectures as an Expert in
    MaharashtraJudicialAcademytoJudges,policeofficersasanExpert.
    Hestatedthatduetofamilyreasonssince2009to2011hewasnot
    workinganywhereandon6thMarch2011hejoinedForensicScience
    Laboratory,Mumbaiforaperiodofoneyearoncontractbasisandhis
    Contractwasrenewedfrom25thJune2012to24thJune2013and
    thereafterfrom30thAugust2013to12thAugust2014. Hestated
    thatheishavingexperiencecertificateforworkinginCFSLandhe
    filedonrecordcopiesofhisexperiencecertificate,qualificationsand
    participation letter in seminars vide Exh.470. He stated that in
    between March 2012 to June 2012 and from 24th June to 30th
    August 2014 he was working as Forensic Analyst in Lab System
    PrivateLimitedasForensicAnalystinprivateSectorandfromApril
    2015hejoinedDeloitIndiaCompany.
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    308] He stated that during his tenure as Forensic Expert he


    handledapproximately189caseswhichincludeddigitalevidencefiles
    like CDs, DVDs, pendrives, memorycards, magnetic tape, hard
    drives,servers,mobiles,tabletsandotherdigitalstoragemedaisand
    besidesthiscasehehadgivenevidenceasaForensicExpertinmore
    than40casesandhehadgivenevidenceinSessionscourt,Dapoli,
    Mumbai, Dhule, Gondiya, Shirdi, Pune. Mohadi rape case is a
    landmarkcase.Hestatedthatheiscertifiedaccesscertifiedexaminer
    (ACE)andaccessdatamobileexaminer(AME).Withrespecttocourt
    question,heansweredthattherewasnoalterationandchangeinthe
    text,audioandvideoformintheelectronicdevicesprovidedtohim
    inthiscaseandheansweredonthebasisofchemicalanalysisdone
    byhimforconcludingthesameandheconductedthefollowingtest
    forcomingtotheaboveconclusion:
    i]Filesignatureanalysismeansheaderandfooterofthefile
    extension in exa decimal. For each file in evidence those file
    signaturesarecomparedwiththeidealfilesignatureavailableforthat
    fileextension. Iftheydonotmatch,theerrorisobservedandthe
    concernedfilewillbeconvertedtotheoriginalfilesignature.
    ii] Linkfileanalysiswhenafileisexecutedatemporaryfile
    with same contents and properties is open in background. From
    whichwecanstatewhichfileisopenedoraccessed.
    iii] Prefetch analysis when a software is executed in
    backgroundaprefetchfileforthatsoftwareisopened. Fromthose
    wecanconcludewhichsoftwareswereexecuted.
    iv] System information This provides the information
    regardinginstallationformatingalastshutdowndateofthesystem.
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    v] MFTdetailsthisprovidesdetailsregardingcreationof
    partitionavailableinevidence.
    vi] Registryanalysisthisprovideinformationsifanyregistry
    filehasbeentamperedorvaluehasbeenchanged.
    vii] Time stamp analysis depending on the time zone
    availableintheevidencesystem.Thetimezoneisconvertedintoreal
    timeISTtimezoneanddetailsofdatecreated,datemodified,date
    accessed,datewrittenofthefilearecalculated.
    viii] USB analysis this provides information regarding
    removablestoragemediaconnectedwiththesystem.

    309] He stated that all the analysis is done by ENCASE


    Software and on that basis he gave answers to the Court. For
    exampleinExh.267pageno.5inthelastcolumnattheendthereis
    mentionofa77d51cdd3a18c32bb95653110086cfaisahashvalueof
    thatexhibiti.e. harddisk. Hestatedthatwhileexaminingthesaid
    hashvalueforforensicanalysistheyusedwriteblockerstocreatean
    imageoftheevidenceandbythatprocesshashvalueoftheexhibit
    i.e.harddiskisnotchange.Hestatedthatatthetimeofanalysishe
    candetectlastaccessmadeintheexhibits(harddisks). Hestated
    thatatpageno.7ofhisreportExh.267heprovidedoperatingsystem
    details, user details, installed softwares, hardware connected and
    internethistoryofExh.25(laptop).

    310] He stated that in the last column shut down time is


    mentionedas982013andthislastshutdowncannotbechangedof
    the deviceunlessanduntilitisagainrestartedandshutdown. He
    stated that as Exh.25 is a laptopit isaoperatingsoftware system
    hence this analysis is done but with respect to other devices CDs,
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    DVDs,pendrives,harddisksthesearenothavingoperatingsoftware
    systemandthereforeonthebasisofprocedureofMFTanalysisany
    change,alterationcanbedetermined.Hestatedthathehasgiventhe
    report in soft copy i.e. paper less report with the help of Encase
    software in the harddisk marked as Annexure harddiskCy47413
    andinthenoteno.1ofhisreportExh.267hehasgivendetailsofsaid
    harddisk which is make of western digital, capacity of 2 TB with
    modelnumberandserialnumberaspartofhisreport.

    311] This witness was further crossexamined by defence


    Advocateandduringcrossexaminationheadmittedthathedidnot
    mention in Exh.267 and in certificate 65B about the procedure
    followedbyhimasdeposedregardingfilesystemetc.Headmitted
    thathehasnotbroughthisappointmentletter.Hedeniedthathedid
    notmakeanyanalysisinthiscaseandhewasnotworkinginCFSL
    duringtheperiod6thMarch2011to24thJune2013andhewasnot
    appointedduringthatperiodinCFSL,Mumbai.

    312] Afterexaminationof16GBmemorycardandarticlenos.1
    to41thoseweresentbackbyCFSLBombaytoPolicestationAheriby
    P.W. No.21 Bhavesh Nikam through carrier P.W.5 Police Constable
    Ravindra Kumbhare and Woman Police Constable P.W.7 Apeksha
    Ramteke.

    Argument of learned Spl. P.P. Shri Sathainathan in respect of


    examination of 16 GB memorycard of Sandisk Company and
    Electronic gadgets CDs, DVDS, pendrives, harddisks (Arts.1to
    41).
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    313] ThelearnedSpl.P.P.Sathainathan submittedthat16GB


    memorycardofSandiskcompanywhichwasseizedfromthepersonal
    search of accused no.3 Hem Mishra vide seizure panchanama
    (Exh.137)wassenttoCFSL,Mumbaiforexaminationthroughcarrier
    P.W.5 Ravindra Kumbhare vide letter Exh.211dated25.8.2013and
    CFSL Scientific Expert P.W.21 Bhavesh Nikam examined the same.
    ThehardcopiesofthedocumentscertifiedbyP.W.21BhaveshNikam
    arefiledonrecordatArt.A17toA21alongwithCFSLreportExh.266.

    314] HesubmittedthatalltheelectronicgadgetsArt.1to41
    likeCDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisksseizedfromthehousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6SaibabaweresenttoCFSL,Bombaythroughcarrier
    Ravindra Kumbhare (P.W.5) by letter Exh.212 dated 14.9.2013 for
    examination and for getting mirrorimagesandanalysisreport and
    initiallyharddiskwasreceivedbyP.W.11SuhasBawchefromCFSL,
    Mumbaiandpanchanamatothateffectwaspreparedon23.9.2013
    vide Exh.204 and he further receivedanother harddisk containing
    mirrorimagesofelectronicdataandpanchanamatothateffectwas
    preparedon7.10.2013videExh.205andboththeharddiskswere
    broughtbycarrierP.W.5RavindraKumbhareandafterreceiptofboth
    theharddisksandafterviewingthemirrorimagesinsoftcopiesof
    harddisks supplied by CFSL, Mumbai printouts of incriminating
    documents were taken out by Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas
    BawcheinpresenceofpanchwitnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewarand
    thoseprintoutsweresenttoCFSL,Mumbaiforcertificationbyletter
    dated 17.11.2013 (Exh.261) and letter dated 30.1.2014 (Exh.263)
    and by that time original electronic gadgets Arts.1 to 41 i.e. CDs,
    DVDs,pendrives,harddisksseizedfromthehousesearchofaccused
    no.6 Saibaba and 16 GB memorycard of Sandisk company seized
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    fromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishra werewithCFSL,
    Mumbai.

    315] Thereafter, in response to letter (Exh.263), the CFSL,


    Mumbaicertifiedallthehardcopiesofmirrorimagesandthosewere
    senttoP.W.11SuhasBawchealongwithanalysisreports(Exh.266and
    267)andthisfactisstatedbyScientificExpertP.W.21BhaveshNikam
    inhisexaminationatparano.4,5and6.Hesubmittedthatfromthe
    evidenceofP.W.21BhaveshNikamitrevealsthaton30.8.2013his
    officereceivedonesealedparcelcontainingonememorycardof16
    GBandon15.2.2014hehandedoveronesealedparcelcontaining
    said16GBmemorycard,onereportatExh.266,oneAnnexurehard
    diskandattestedhardcopies(15pages)toP.W.7ApekshaRamteke,
    LPC. He submitted that on 1522014 one sealed plastic box
    containing 24 separate sealed parcels and one sealed parcel
    containinglaptop,onesealedreportatExh.267,oneAnnexurehard
    disk,attestedhardcopies(247pages)werehandedovertoApeksha
    Ramteke,LPC.

    ArgumentofAdvocateShriGadlingfortheaccused

    316] The defence has further attacked on the evidence of


    ScientificExpertP.W.21BhaveshNikamonthegroundthatheisnot
    expertwitnessandhewasnotappointedbyCFSL,Mumbaiandhe
    didnotcarryoutanyexamination. Further,ithascomeonrecord
    thathedidnotundergotrainingofEnCasesoftwareandhehasgiven
    differentversionsatdifferentstages.
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    317] The learned Advocate Shri Gadling further argued that


    paperless report generated by EnCase Software of softcopies and
    hardcopies are not produced on record and the same has been
    admittedbyScientificExpertP.W.21BhaveshNikam.Hence,evidence
    ofScientificExpertP.W.21BhaveshNikamisnotworthtoberelied
    upon. On this point defence relied on the crossexamination of
    Scientific Expert P.W.21 Bhavesh Nikam in which he admitted that
    EnCase software belongs to Guidance company and said company
    givescertifiedtrainingcourseforexaminationofdocumentsbyusing
    encase software and he has not gone through the examination
    prescribedbyguidancecompanyforexaminationofdocuments.But
    incrossexaminationthiswitnesshasclearlydeniedthefactthathe
    did not use EnCase software and hence, the paperless report
    generatedthroughEncasesoftwareisnotfiledonrecord.Insupport
    of his submission he placed reliance on the judgment of
    Rameshchandra Agrawal Vrs Regency Hospital Limited and
    Others,reportedin(2009)9SupremeCourtcases709whereinit
    isobservedthat

    E.EvidenceAct,1872S.45 Expertevidence
    AdmissibilityRequirementEvidenceofexpertis
    admissiblewhen(I)expertisheard,(ii)hemustbe
    within a recognised field of expertise, (iii) his
    evidencemustbebasedonreliableprinciples,and
    (iv) he must be qualified in that discipline
    Reiterated,withoutexaminingexpertasawitness,
    no reliance can be placed on his opinion alone
    (Paras16,21and22)
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    318] Percontra,onthispointSpl.P.P.submittedthatprosecution
    filedapplicationforgettingtheestimateandtenderofCFSLBombay.
    ThisshowsthatexaminationwasdonethroughEnCasesoftwareand
    thereisnocontentionofthedefencethattheexaminationwasdone
    throughEncasesoftwareandevidenceofthiswitnesscouldnotbe
    disbelievedmerelybecausethepaperlessreportisnotfiledonrecord.

    CONCLUSION

    319] It is important tonotethat P.W.21BhaveshNikamhas


    carriedouttheexaminationofelectronicgadgetsArts.1to41CDs,
    DVDs,pendrives,harddisksallegedlyseizedfromthehousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6Saibabaand16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompany
    allegedlyseizedfromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMishra
    by using EnCase software version and as application filed by the
    defenceatExh.467theprosecutionhasfiledonrecordthedocuments
    fromCFSL,Mumbai.Theimportantdocumentsare[1]Experience
    certificateofP.W.21BhaveshNikamstatingthathewasworkingwith
    CFSL,MumbaiasAssistantChemicalAnalyzerfrom17thMarch2011
    to16thMarch2012andthereafterfrom25.6.2012to24.6.2013and
    from 30.8.2013 to 12.8.2014 he was working as Scientific Officer.
    [2]AppointmentOrderofP.W.21BhaveshNikam CFSL,Mumbaiis
    dated 30.8.2013 and he received the said appointment order on
    4.9.2013 and examinationofelectronicdeviceswascarriedoutby
    himon 19.9.2013. Thisshowsthatatthetimeofexaminationof
    electronicdevicesP.W.21BhaveshNikamwaspresentintheofficeof
    CFSL,Mumbai.
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    320] FurthertherearedocumentsshowingthatP.W.21Bhavesh
    Nikam conducted Seminar in the College of Engineering and
    deliveredlecturesinMaharashtraJudicialAcademytoJudges,police
    officers as an Expert. The document no.6 filed below the list at
    Exh.474 shows the supply of EnCase software for cyber forensic
    systembyM/sLabSystem(I)Pvt.Ltd.asperthedemandofCFSL,
    Kalina,Mumbaiandanotherdocumentshowsthatthequotationof
    tenderofEncasesoftwarewasprovidedbyM/sLabSystems(I)Pvt.
    Ltd.toCFSL,MumbaiandthepricewasmentionedasRs.64,02,900/
    andhenceitrevealsthatEnCasesoftwarewasavailablewithCFSL,
    Mumbai.FurtherdocumentatSerialno.5oflistofdocumentfiledby
    the prosecution at Exh.474 it is mentioned the version of EnCase
    software is 6.19.7.2 and name ofthe owner ismentioned asLab
    Systems India Pvt.Ltd., on the other hand, in report at Exh.267
    versionofEnCasesoftwareusedismentionedas6.19and7.09and
    nameofownerisCFSL,Mumbai.ThisshowsthatversionofEnCase
    software was used for examination of electronic data. The tender
    noticeclearlymentionedthesaidversion. P.W.21BhaveshNikamin
    hisexaminationinchiefstatedabouthiseducationandqualification
    that he passed Bachelor of Engineering from Padmabhushan
    Vasantdada Patil College of Engineering in 2009 from Mumbai
    University with First Class and having experience certificate for
    workinginCFSLandbesidesthiscasehehadgivenevidenceasa
    ForensicExpertinmorethan40casesandhehadgivenevidencein
    Sessions court, Dapoli, Mumbai, Dhule, Gondiya, Shirdi, Pune.
    Mohadirapecaseisalandmarkcaseandhefiledonrecordcopiesof
    hisexperiencecertificate,qualifications,copiesofcourtsummonsand
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    attendance certificates and participation letter in seminars vide


    Exh.470 as above and no suggestions were made during cross
    examinationofScientificExpertP.W.21BhaveshNikambydefence
    abouttheeducation,qualificationandhisexperienceandthefactthat
    he has given evidence in several cases. Hence, in view of the
    Judgmentof
    ApexCourt
    inthecaseof
    SarwanSinghvStateof

    PunjabreportedinAIR2002SupremeCourt3652 whereinitis
    heldthat

    (B) Evidence Act (1 of 1872), S. 137 Cross


    examinationOpponentdecliningtoavailhimself
    ofopportunitytoputhiscaseincrossexamination
    Evidence tendered on that issue ought to be
    accepted.(Para8).

    321] Hence,inviewofabove,asthedefencedeclinedtocross
    examinethewitnessonthepointofhisqualificationandeducation,
    ongoingthroughthecertificatesofP.W.21BhaveshNikamaboutthe
    factthathewasservinginCFSL,Mumbaiandhehasgivenevidence
    in several important cases, shows that he is an expert witness in
    electronicequipmentashewasElectronicEngineerandhehaspassed
    BachelorofEngineeringinMay2009intheFirstClassandthereafter
    he applied for the post Scientific Expert and he was appointed by
    letterdated30.8.2013whichwasreceivedbyhimon4.9.2013andto
    that effect appointment order is very clear but merely because he
    admitted that he has not undergone the training it cannot be
    disbelievedthathedidnotcarryouttheexaminationofelectronic
    databyusingEncasesoftware.Hedeniedthathedidnotgothrough
    Encasesoftwareatanypointoftime.Hedeniedthathedidnotuse
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    Encase software and no paperless report was generated in Encase


    software.Itisimportanttonotethatitisnotdisputedbythedefence
    thatCFSL,Mumbaididnotconductexaminationofelectronicgadgets
    byusingEncasesoftware,butthereisadisputeonlyonthepointof
    versionofsoftwareusedbyCFSL,Mumbai.Therelevantparaofthe
    notesofargumentofdefencesideisreproducedasunder
    B. ItisnotdisputedbythedefencethatCFSLdidnot
    havelicenseofversion7.08ofEncasesoftwareasthe
    nameofDirectorateofForensicScienceismentionedin
    thelicenceofEncasesoftware.Herethesubmissionof
    thedefenceisthattheExaminationreportEXH266&
    267waspreparedbyversion7.09andthedefenceis
    not disputing this fact also. But the objection of the
    defence is that with the licensed version of 7.08 of
    EncasesoftwarenoexaminationwasconductedbyPW
    21. Because by their own admission the prosecution
    had mentioned in the examination report itself that
    tests were performed on Version 7.09 of Encase
    software.

    322] ThelearnedAdvocateShriGadlingforaccusedsubmitted
    thatintheexaminationreportEXH266&267underthetitleTESTS
    CONDUCTEDthatReadingcontentsofmemorycardusingEncase
    Version6.19and7.09ofGuidanceSoftwareInc.,USA. Butbybare
    perusalofdocumentno.5submittedbytheprosecutionon9.1.2017it
    appears that CFSL does not have the license of above mentioned
    version of Encase Software. In Document No.5 in the programme
    columnat2nd lastboxthenameofthelicenseholderismentioned
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    which is Lab Systems IndiaPvt Ltd.It suggeststhat the license of


    version 6.19.7.2 isin the name ofLabSystemsIndiaPvtLtd. He
    submittedthatastheLabSystemsIndiaPvtLtdisthedistributorof
    EncasesoftwareinIndia,thatiswhythenameofthedistributoris
    mentionedinthecolumn.Ifwebelieveontheprosecutionstorythan
    thenameofLabSystemsIndiaPvtLtdshouldhavealsoappearedon
    thenextpage,whichisthedocumentofLicenserelatedtoversion
    7.08.01.27 but contrary to the claim of the prosecution there is
    mentionofDirectorateofForensicScienceinthecolumnName.Is
    DirectorateofForensicscienceadistributorofEncasesoftwaretoo?
    This in itself has contradicted the story of the prosecution and
    strengthentheclaimofthedefencethattheCFSLMumbaididnot
    havethelicenseofversion6.19.7.2. Soitisproperheretosubmit
    thatnoexaminationEXH266&267wasperformedbyCFSLorPW
    21byversion6.19ofEncasesoftware.Onthebasisofabove,itwas
    arguedthatnoexaminationreportwaspreparedEXH266&267by
    PW21byapplyingversion6.19&7.09ofEncasesoftware.

    323] Itisimportanttonotethatfromthedocumentscontained
    in16GBmemorycardandelectronicdataintheformoftext,audio
    andvideocontainedinArticles1to41CDs,DVDs,pendrives,hard
    disksandhisevidenceshowsthathecarriedoutfollowingtests

    1] File signature, means header and footer of the file


    extension in exa decimal. For each file in evidence those file
    signatures are compared with the ideal file signature available for
    thatfileextension.Iftheydonotmatchtheerrorisobservedandthe
    concernedfilewillbeconvertedtotheoriginalfilesignature.
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    2] Linkfileanalysis:Whenafileisexecutedatemporary
    filewithsamecontentsandpropertiesisopeninbackground.
    Fromwhichwecanstatewhichfileisopenedoraccessed.

    3] Prefetch analysis : When a software is executed in


    backgroundaprefetchfileforthatsoftwareisopened. From
    thosewecanconcludewhichsoftwareswereexecuted.

    4] System information : This provides the information


    regarding installation formatingalast shutdown date ofthe
    system.

    5] MFTdetails:Thisprovidesdetailsregardingcreationof
    partitionavailableinevidence.

    6] Registry analysis : This provide informations if any


    registryfilehasbeentamperedorvaluehasbeenchanged.

    7] Time stamp analysis : Depending on the time zone


    availableintheevidencesystem. Thetimezoneisconverted
    intorealtimeISTtimezoneanddetailsofdatecreated,date
    modified,dateaccessed,datewrittenofthefilearecalculated.

    8] USB analysis : This provides information regarding


    removablestoragemediaconnectedwiththesystem.

    324] Bhavesh (P.W.21) in his crossexamination has given


    details about the fact how he came to the conclusion about the
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    existenceoforiginalfilesintextvisuals,audioandvideoformatinthe
    above files and the Court question to that effect was put to this
    witness.Thesamequestionisreproducedasunder

    CourtquestionExh.1isaoriginalmemorycardand
    Exh.1to25containsalltheelectronicdigitalstorage
    medialikependrives, CDS, DVDs, memory cards,
    laptopsharddisks,etc.whichcontainsdocumentfiles,
    mediai.e.audio,video.Whatyoucansayaboutthe
    originalexistenceofthefileintextvisual,audioand
    videoformatintheabovefilesandchangesoccurring
    inthesame?

    Ans: I,didnotobserveanysuchchanges,additionor
    tampering related to the files present in the exhibit
    provided. Based on file signatures analysis, link file
    analysis, prefetch analysis,system information,MFT
    details,registryanalysis,timestampanalysis and
    USBanalysis,Icametotheconclusionthatthereare
    nosuchchangesintext,audioandvideo.

    325] Further in the crossexamination of P.W.21 Bhavesh


    questionwasaskedtohimaboutthechangingofdateandtimeinthe
    fileandhehasgivendetailsaboutthesame.Thesaidquestionsand
    answersarereproducedasunder
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    Que:Ifthesystem'date'and'time'ischangedandfile
    iscopiedorcreated,thenwhatwillbe'createddate'
    and'time'ofthefile?
    Ans:Thecreateddateandtimewillbesameasdate
    ofsystemdateandtime.

    Que :Ifthesystemdateandtimeischangeandif
    somethingisdownloadfromtheInternetwhatwillbe
    theeffectofthat?
    Ans : Only created date will be same as that of
    system'sdateandtime.

    Que:InENCASEsoftwarereportareportissavedi.e.
    there is format in that software and report will be
    saved in that format only particularly in ENCASE
    software?
    Ans:NottruetosaythatinENCASEsoftwareformat
    isprovidedforsavingthereport.

    Testconducted
    326] Reading contents of memory card using Encase Version
    6.19andVersion7.09ofGuidanceSoftwareInc.,USA.

    Testconducted
    327] Readingcontentsofharddisks,CDs,DVDs,pendrivesand
    memory cards using Encase Version 6.19 and Version 7.09 of
    GuidanceSoftwareInc.,USA.
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    328] InviewofthisitcanbeconcludedthatP.W.21Bhavesh
    Nikam is a expert in examination of electronic evidence and he
    carriedouttheexaminationofseizedelectronicgadgetsi.e.16GB
    memorycardandArt.1to41withthehelpofEncasesoftwareand
    thishasbeenreflectedinreportatExh.266.

    Absenceofnotifiedexamineranditseffectundersection79Aof
    theInformationTechnologyAct,2000

    329] Defencefurthersubmittedthatthereisnothingonrecord
    toshowthatCFSLMumbaiisauthorizeddepartmenttoexaminethe
    electronicdata u/s 79A. There isnothingonrecordtoshowthat
    CFSL,Mumbaiisnotifiedasanexaminerforelectronicevidenceas
    requiredu/s79A.

    330] To appreciate the rival contention of the parties it is


    necessary to produce the provisions of Section 79A of Information
    TechnologyAct.

    79A.CentralGovernmenttonotifyExaminerofelectronic
    evidence The Central Government may, for the purpose of
    providing expert opinion on electronic form evidence before any
    Courtorotherauthorityspecify,byNotificationintheofficialGazette,
    anyDepartment,bodyoragencyoftheCentralGovernmentoraState
    GovernmentasanExaminerofElectronicEvidence.

    Explanation:ForthepurposeofthisSection,electronicform
    evidence means any information of probative value that is either
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    stored or transmitted in electronic form and includes computer


    evidence, digital audio, digital video, cell phones, digital fax
    machines.

    331] Ongoingthroughthesaidprovisionsitisclearthatthey
    aredirectoryandnotmandatory. Atthisjuncture,itisnecessaryto
    considertheratiolaiddownbytheMadrasHighCourtinthecaseof
    K.RamajayamVsInspectorofPolice,Chennaireportedin2016
    Cr.LJ1542.Inpara25observedthat
    Itisaxiomaticthattheopinionofanexpert,which
    isrelevantunderSection45oftheIndianEvidence
    Act, 1872, when accepted by the Court graduates
    into the opinion of the Court. The Central
    Government has not yet issued notification under
    Section 79A of the Information Technology Act,
    2000onaccountofwhichSection45AoftheIndian
    Evidence Act, 1872 remains mute. Therefore, the
    methods evolved by Kala (PW23) and Pushparani
    (PW24), Scientific Officers of the Tamil Nadu
    Forensic Sciences Department to analyze and give
    theiropinionsontheelectronicdata,arecorrectand
    cannotbefaulted.

    332] TheStateofMaharashtraissuedGovernmentResolution
    of Home Depart, Government of Maharashtra no.FSL/0306/634/
    Pra.Kra.231/Pol4, Mantralaya,Mumbai400032dated17thJuly
    2006 in respect of authorization to Cyber Forensic Scientific
    Laboratory, Mumbai to conduct test on Polygraphy, Brain finger
    printing,narcoanalysis,cybercrime,tapeauthenticationandspeaker
    identification and accordingly during investigation Scientific Expert
    P.W.21BhaveshNikamconductedscientificexaminationofelectronic
    gadgetsi.e.16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyandArts.1to41
    CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisksseizedinthecrime.
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    333] Hence,inviewofabovethereports(Exh.266andExh.
    267) given by C.F.S.L.Mumbai and opinion therein about the
    electronicdatacontainedin16GBmemorycardandArticles1to41
    likeCDs,DVDs,pendrivesandharddiskscanbeconsidered.
    334] Fromtheaboveitisclearthatfromthetimeofseizure
    electronicgadgets16GBmemorycard ofSandiskcompanyseized
    from possession of Hem Mishra and Articles CD, DVD, pendrive,
    harddiskseizedfromthehousesearchofSaibabaweresealedafter
    seizureofthesameandtilltheexaminationofabovegadgetsbyCFSL
    expert, they were in sealed condition and P.W.21 Bhavesh Nikam
    examinedthesame. Onexaminationhedidnotfindanychangein
    theoriginalexistenceoffileintext,audioandvideoformandthe
    certificateu/s.65BarefiledonrecordanditisatExh.266(inrespect
    of16GBofSandiskCompanyseizedfromaccusedNo.3HemMishra)
    andExh.267(inrespectofArt.1to41)

    335] From the above, it is clear that the electronic data


    containingin16G.B.memorycardandelectronicgadgetsarticle1to
    41 CD, DVD, Pendrives, harddisk was not found tampered and
    alteredatanypointoftime. Itisimportanttonotethatsuggestion
    wasputtotheinformantP.W.6PSIAtulAvhadthatinMaoistgroup,
    everypartymemberhasaliasnameandheadmittedthatnormally
    theyusealiasname.Itiswellsettledthatwhenthesuggestionsare
    giventothewitnessesandiftheyareadmitted,thenitconstitutesan
    evidence and the fact is clear that in Maoist group members of
    bannedorganizationusedpseudonameoraliasname.Itisimportant
    tonotethatfromthedocumentsatpageno.17ofExh.267itisclear
    thatPrakashisnothingbuttheaccusedno.6Saibabaandfromthe
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    contentsofthisletteritshowsthatPrakashwasnotwellandhefaced
    severalproblemsduetohisphysicalinabilityanditisnotdisputed
    that accused no.6 Saibaba is 90% disabled. The word physical
    inabilityisrelatestohandicapconditionofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    336] FromthedocumentatArticle150writtenbyaccusedno.6
    Saibaba addressed to Professor Anandkrishnan shows that he was
    physicallyhandicappedpersonwithaseveredeformity(90%)andhis
    both lower limbs were affected by polio in his childhood and he
    cannotstandorwalkonhisownandhemovesinawheelchair.Had
    the investigating officer wanted to tamper or alter the data in
    electronicgadgets,hewouldnothaveincludedthedocumentinthe
    nameofPrakash. Furtheratonetimethereisreferenceofnameof
    Chetanasthealiasnameofaccusedno.6Saibabaandthisevident
    fromthedocumentatArticle21foundinthe16GBmemorycard
    seized from the personal search of accused no.3 Hem Mishra and
    from the document Brief Review of FC containing eight pages
    collectivelymarkedatExh.130AinwhichthenameChetanisused
    inreferencetoaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    337] There are personal communications of accused no.6


    Saibaba in the form of emails and letters. They are i] a letter
    writtenbyaccusedno.6SaibabatoProf.Anandakrishnan,Chairman
    ofInquiryCommittee,CIEFL,HyderabadatArt.150,ii]Lettertothe
    Principal, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi at Art.151
    where his daughter Manjira was studying, iii] Letter written by
    accused no.6 Saibaba to Mr.Santosh Kumar Mishra, Narayana
    Academy, Delhi at Art.152 about his daughter Manjira, iv] Letter
    writtenbyVasanta,wifeofaccusedno.6SaibabatotheManagerSBI,
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    DelhiUniversityBranchatArt.153aboutwronglydebitofRs.5000/
    from her account, v] Letter written by accused no.6 Saibaba
    addressedtoGirishSrinivasan,ResearchUnitforPoliticalEconomy,
    Colaba, Mumbai at Art.154 about payment of issues of magazine
    'AspectsofIndianEconomy'.

    338] FurtherthereareseveralHindisongsinaudioandvideo
    formandEnglishandHindimoviesaround100innumbersinthe
    harddisk. Had there been any intention on the part of the
    investigating officer formanipulatingandfabricatingtheelectronic
    data,hewouldhavemanipulatedHindiandEnglishsongsinaudio
    andvideoformandmoviesaround100innumbersintheharddisk.

    339] Anotherimportantpointisthatfourharddiskwereseized
    fromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaandoneharddiskwas
    crashed and this is evident from the document at page no.17 of
    Exh.267inwhichitismentionedthatPrakashfailedtofinalisethe
    draftofprogrammeandwhenthedraftalmostfinalisedtheharddisk
    ofPrakash'scomputergotcrashedandinCFSLreport(Exh.267)on
    thelastpageitismentionedthatthedataintheharddiskinEx.1
    couldnotbedetected.Thisshowsthattheaboveelectronicgadgets
    Art.1to41wereseizedfromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaand
    hencetherewasnotamperingoralteration.

    WhethercertificateunderSection65BoftheIndianEvidenceAct
    is necessary when the electronic gadgets containing electronic
    gadgets 16 GB memorycard and Arts.1 to 41 CDs, DVDs, pen
    drives,harddisksareavailablebeforetheCourt?
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    340] Evenassumingforthesakeofargumentthattheevidence
    ofScientificExpertP.W.21BhaveshNikamisexcludedforoneorthe
    otherreason,itisimportanttonotethattheelectronicdatacontained
    in16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthepersonal
    searchofaccusedno.3HemMishraandArts.1to41CDs,DVDs,pen
    drives, harddisk seized from the house search of accused no.6
    SaibabaarebeforetheCourt.Atthisstageitisnecessarytoconsider
    theratiolaiddowninthejudgmentofApexCourtinthecaseofP.V.
    Anvarv.P.K.Basheer,MANU/SC/0834/2014whereinitisobserved
    inparano.24that

    "24.Thesituationwouldhavebeendifferenthadthe
    appellant adduced primary evidence, by making
    availableinevidence,theCDsusedforannouncement
    andsongs.HadthoseCDsusedforobjectionablesongs
    or announcements been duly got seized through the
    policeorElectionCommissionandhadthesamebeen
    usedasprimaryevidence,theHighCourtcouldhave
    playedthesameincourttoseewhethertheallegations
    weretrue.

    Theabovedecisiondoesnotinanywayenhance
    thecaseofthedefenceinasmuchas,inthelastline,
    the Supreme Court has stated that, if an electronic
    record as such is used as primary evidence under
    Section62oftheIndianEvidenceAct,1872thesame
    isadmissibleinevidence,withoutcompliancewiththe
    conditionsinSection65BoftheEvidenceAct.

    341] Further,theDivisionbenchofDelhiHighCourtincaseof
    KishanTripathialiasKishanPaintervsStatereportedin2016(3)
    ADR495heldthat
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    Evidence Act (1 of 1872) S. 65B, 60 CCTV


    footage Evidentiary value Murder of security
    guardinfactoryEvidenceonrecordshowingthat
    no one was watching CCTV footage when it was
    being recorded and recording was result of
    commands or instruction already given and
    programmed Original hard disc therefore would
    enjoyauniquepositionandcouldbereliedonas
    primaryevidence.PenalCode(45of1860),S.300
    (Paras13,14,15)

    342] Further,theMadrasHighCourtin2016Cr.L.J.1542,in
    thecaseofK.RamajayamaliasAppuVrsInspectorofPolice,Chennai,
    para35,itisheldthat

    We are aware that in many public and private


    offices,thoughcomputersareoperatedbytheirstaff,
    yetthemanningandmaintenanceofservers,where
    thedataisactuallystoredisoutsourcedtoprivate
    players like TCS, WIPRO etc. Under those
    circumstances, it would suffice if Section 65B
    certificate is obtained from the person, who is in
    chargeoftheserveralbeitthefactthatheisnota
    stafftotheparentorganization. Section65Bdoes
    notrequirecertificationbyapublicauthorityunlike
    cases of issuance of certified copy of public
    document under sec 76 of Indian Evidence Act,
    1872. Itisnotnecessaryineverycasetoexamine
    the person who had given the 65B certificate as
    witness before the trial Court, unless the Court
    suspects the integrity of the electronic record i.e.
    producedasevidence.Oneshouldbearinmindthat
    adigitalimagecannotbemanipulatedeasily.Every
    digitalimagehasametadatastoredinit.Themeta
    dataarestructedascodeddata,whichgivesevery
    imageitsowncharacter.Itshouldberememberthat
    the certification under section 65B is not for
    truthfulness of the content of the computer
    generatedrecord,butitisessentiallyrelatedtothe
    workingconditionofthecomputerfromwherethe
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    storedrecordisproducedinatangibleformforthe
    Courttoinspect.

    Defencewillalwayscomplainofmanipulation,
    but Court can reject fanciful objections bearing in
    mindtheprincipleunderlinedinSection114ofthe
    IndianEvidenceAct,1872.Deomnibusdubitandum
    (doubt every thing) Philosophy may be road to
    scientific dodiscoveries, burt not for judicial
    enquiries, where perfect proof is utopion. The
    celebrated Jurist late lamented Nani Palkhivala
    commented.
    OurLegalSystemhasmadelifetooeasyfor
    criminalsandtoodifficultforlawabidingcitizens.A
    touch here and pushthereandIndiamaybecome
    ungovernable under the present constitutional set
    up
    It is time that we come out of anachronistic
    mindsetofsuspectinganddoubtingeveryactofthe
    Police,lestthejusticedeliverysystemshouldbecome
    amockery.

    343] Inthepresentcase,itisthecaseoftheprosecution,the
    accused No.6 Saibaba used pseudo/alias name as Prakash, while
    making correspondence with the members of banned organization
    (CPIMaoistandRDF).ThedefenceAdvocateShriGadlinghadgiven
    suggestionin crossexaminationtoP.W.6AtulAvhadthat inMaoist
    group every party members hasalias name and theynormallyuse
    aliasname.Itiswellsettledthatwhenthesuggestionisadmittedin
    crossexaminationbywitnessitconstitutesevidence.

    344] Followingarethetextdocumentswhichwerefoundin16
    GBmemorycardseizedfrompersonalsearchofaccusedNo.3Hem
    MishraandArt.1to41CDs,DVDs,pendrives,memorycardseized
    fromthehousesearchofaccusedNo.6Saibaba.
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    1] ThedocumentsatArt.A21ofExh.266retrievedfromthe
    16 GB memorycard of Sandisk company seized from the personal
    searchofaccusedno.3HemMishraitisclearthatitisaletterwritten
    by Jaddu and Prakash addressed to dear Comrade Red Salute in
    whichdemandoffundofRs.2lacswasmadeandherequestedfor
    askingtheinternationalfraternalorganisationstowaitandsuspend
    allworktilltheygetguidancefromComrades.Nowitisnecessaryto
    seewhetherthatPrakashisaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    345] It is important to note that from the house search of


    accused no.6 Saibaba four harddisks were seized alongwith
    electronic gadgets Arts.1 to 41 and data in one harddiskwas not
    retrievedandfromtheCFSLreport(Exh.267)itisclearthatdatain
    thatharddiskwasnotdetectedandfromthedocumentatpageno.17
    ofExh.267foundintheharddiskseizedfromthehousesearchof
    accusedno.6Saibaba,whereinitismentionedthatPrakashfailedto
    finalise the programme and constitution of A4 by incorporating
    amendmentsacceptedintheconferenceandwhenthedraftalmost
    finalisedtheharddiskofPrakash'scomputergotcrashed.Onperusal
    ofCFSLreport(Exh.267)itrevealsthatinCFSLreport(Exh.267)on
    thelastpageitismentionedthattheharddiskinEx.1couldnotbe
    detectedandthesaidharddiskisthesameasreferredatpageno.17
    ofExh.267.Hence,itisclearthatsaidcrashedharddiskwassentto
    CFSLBombayalongwithotherelectronicdevices(Art.1to41)andit
    could not be detected in the Cyber Forensic Scientific Laboratory.
    Hence,itrevealsthatthenamePrakashmentionedinSecretary's
    reportatpageno.17ofExh.267isnothingbutaccusedno.6Saibaba.
    100%
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    346] Furtherfromtheletteratpageno.206ofExh.267taken
    outfromtheharddiskExh.4seizedfromthehousesearchofaccused
    no.6 Saibaba written by Prakashaddressed to The Secretary Sub
    CommitteeonMassOrganization(SUCOMO)CPI(Maoist)dated
    2December2006,itisclearthatPrakashhadgivenresignationfrom
    hisprimarymembershipofthepartyandtotheFractionCommittee
    due to deeply pained by the treatment metered out from some
    comradesandhishealthisalsonotcooperatingtofacetheaggressive
    attitudesofthecomrades.Furtherfromthedocumentatpageno.17
    ofExh.267 takenoutfromtheharddiscExh.4titledas Secretary's
    reportregardingreviewofRDFworksinceitsformation,inwhich
    itismentionedthatwholehouserejectedJosephandreiteratedthat
    Prakashshouldbethechiefcoordinatorandwholehouseexpressed
    confidenceinhimandfinallyPrakashagreedtothesaidresolution.

    347] Further from the letter at page no.81 of Exh.267


    addressedtoaccusedno.6G.N.SaibababyUfukBerdan,Chairperson
    of the International Relation Commission ATIK (Avrupa Turkiyeli
    Isciler Konfederasyonu) shows that this letter was written by ATIK
    internationalorganizationtoaccusedno.6Saibabaaboutinvitation
    and lastly complimented accused no.6 G.N. Saibaba to meet them
    soonandwishhimallthebestinhisstruggle.Fromabove,itreveals
    thatallthesedocumentswerewrittenby accusedno.6Saibababy
    using his pseudo name Prakash and from Art.A21 found with
    accusedno.3HemMishrain16GBmemorycarditisclearthatitwas
    writtenbyaccusedno.6SaibababyusingpseudonamePrakashand
    furtheritisclearthatthereisnomanipulationandfabricationbythe
    police,intheelectronicdataseizedfromaccusedno.3HemMishra
    andaccusedno.6Saibaba.
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    348] Further,itisimportanttonotethatintheharddiskseized
    from the house search of accused no.6 Saibaba there are several
    personaldocumentsoftheaccusedno.6Saibabaregardinglettersby
    accused no.6 Saibaba to his daughter, letter written by wife of
    accused no.6 Saibaba by name of Vasantha and letter written by
    accused no.6 Saibaba to the colleges regarding the problem of his
    daughterandhadthepoliceintendedtomanipulateorfabricatethe
    datatheywouldnothaveplantedthoseletters.

    349] Further in the said harddisk Exh.2, 3 and 4 there are


    severalfileswhichwereprotectedbyuniquepasswordandthisfactis
    clearfromtheCFSLreport(Exh.267)thatsomefilesweredetected
    withuniquepasswordandcouldnotbeopenedinCFSL,Mumbaiand
    somefileswerepasswordprotectedandthosewereopenedwiththe
    passwordsdetectedbyCFSLandatCFSLreportExh.267passwordin
    one harddisk the password detected by CFSL are mentioned as
    Manjeera123andMalabiragi.Theprosecutionhasfiledonrecorda
    letterundersignatureofaccusedno.6Saibabastatingthereinthatthe
    name of passwords are manjeera123 and malabiragi. The
    signature bearing on the letter if compared with the signatures of
    accused no.6 Saibaba on his application, vakalatnama, plea of
    accusedandthestatementu/s313Cr.P.C.byvirtueofSection73of
    EvidenceActthisCourtfoundnodifference.However,becauseofthe
    fact that no question wasput toaccused no.6Saibabau/s313of
    Cr.P.C.withrespecttothatletterthatcannotbeconsidered.Butfrom
    thefactthatoneharddiskwasnotdetectedseizedfromthehouse
    searchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.Thisclearlyshowsthatallelectronic
    gadgets were recovered from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba.
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    350] As discussed above accused no.6 Saibaba was using


    pseudonameasPrakashandtothateffectsuggestionwasmadeto
    the informant P.W.6 Atul Avhad and he admitted in his cross
    examination that in Maoist groups every party member has alias
    nameandmembersofbannedorganisationnormallyusealiasname.
    So from this it is clear that in my opinion Prakash is nothing but
    accusedno.6Saibabaandthedocumentsfoundin16GBmemory
    card found in possession of accused no.3Hem Mishra i.e.Art.A21
    showsthatitwaswrittenbyJadduandPrakash.Thisshowsthateven
    thedatacontainedin16GBmemorycardisalsonotmanipulatedor
    tamperedbythepolice.Itisimportanttonotethattherearecertain
    textfileswhichwereprotectedbypasswordandeventhatpasswords
    couldnotbedetectedbyCFSL. Hadthepoliceofficerintendedto
    manipulateorfabricatetheelectronicdataintheelectronicgadgets
    theywouldnothaveplantedthepasswordprotectedfilestherein.

    351] Furtherthereareseveralpersonalfamilyphotographsof
    accusedno.6SaibabaandHindisongsinaudioandvideoformand
    EnglishandHindimoviesaround100innumbersfoundinelectronic
    gadgetsseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.Asper
    judgmentofMadrasHighCourtinthecaseofK.Ramajayamalias
    AppuvInspectorofPolicereportedin2016Cri.L.J.1542asthe
    photographs, text, audio, videoclips have metadatafilesand it is
    difficult to manipulate. DuringexaminationinchiefP.W.21Bhavesh
    Nikamstatedthatheusedmetadatatechniquefordeterminingthe
    same.Hestatedthatauthorofeveryfileisametadatapropertyfile
    andit isinthenameofprofilesystem. Hadthepolicewantedto
    manipulate data they would not have included the Hindi songs,
    movies,personaldataandpersonalcommunication. Furtherduring
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    the course of argument in respect of text documents contained in


    harddisk Exh.2,3 and 4 seized from house search of accused
    Saiababa, the date of creation of file and author was seen and
    followingarethetextdocumentsinwhichdateofcreationandauthor
    areappearingasunder:

    [i] AuthorofdraftmanifestoisG.N.Saibaba
    and the same document is a part of
    Exh.4/31.12.12/RDF Conference material titled as
    draftmanifestoofRDFamendedbyconference.The
    saiddocumentisopenedonthelaptopoftheCourt
    and after putting cursor in specific file and right
    clickingonthesaidfile,folder,propertiesisopened
    andafteropeningthepropertyfolderindetailstab
    the name of author is appearing as G.N.Saibaba
    and the said document is created on 5.3.2012 at
    12.29 p.m. and its word count are 8602 and it is
    preparedinMicrosoftWord.

    [ii] AnotherletterissuedbyPrakashtoDear
    Comrade dated17thJune 2003at page no.205of
    Exh.267 is opened on the laptop ofthe Court and
    afterputtingcursoronspecificfileandrightclicking
    on the said file, option 'properties' is opened and
    afterclickingontheoption'properties'indetailstab
    thenameofauthorisappearingasSaibabaandthe
    saiddocumentiscreatedon20.6.2003at4.44p.m.
    anditispreparedinMicrosoftWord.
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    [iii] Aletteratpageno.206ofExh.267dated2nd
    December 2006 having path Exh.4/Data/personal
    writtenbyPrakashtoTheSecretary,Subcommittee
    on Mass Organisations (SUCOMO) CPI (Maoist)
    regardinghisresignationfromthepartyisopenedon
    thelaptopoftheCourtandthenameofauthoris
    appearingasaaaandthesaiddocumentiscreated
    on 2.12.2006 at 10.58 p.m. and it is prepared in
    MicrosoftWord.

    [iv] The another document Art150 is dated 12th


    December, 2006 having path Exh23/ ALLL/
    Accommodation Issue/Letters/ Representation
    before the Inquiry Committee written by
    G.N.Saibaba addressed to Proft. Anandakrishnan,
    TheChairman,InquiryCommittee,isopenedonthe
    laptop of the Court and the name of author is
    appearingasaaaandthesaiddocumentiscreated
    on 11.12.2006 at 6.04 p.m. and it is prepared in
    MicrosoftWord.Accordingtotheprosecutionauthor
    ofaaaisnothingbutaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    [v] A letter at Page no.87 of Exh.267 dated 20


    December2010havingpathEx4/cy475Ex4/c/All
    old and new/News addressed to Dear concerned
    comradesbyPrakashandtheentireteamisopened
    onthelaptopoftheCourtandthenameofauthoris
    appearing as Vasantha and the said document is
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    createdon20.12.2010at8.35p.m.andwordcount
    is529anditispreparedinMicrosoftOfficeWord.

    [vi] A document from the harddisk Exh.4 seized


    from the house of accused no.6 Saibaba under
    seizure panchanama (Exh.165) having path
    Exh.4/latest/hai dear, written to Hai dear by
    Amani, writtenbyAmanitoaccusedno.6Saibabai
    isopenedonthelaptopoftheCourtandthenameof
    author is appearing as Saibaba and the said
    documentiscreatedon26.10.2002at9.11p.m.and
    it is prepared in Microsoft Word. According to
    prosecution Amaninothingbut awife ofaccused
    no.6SaibababynameVasantha.

    [vii] Adocumenttakenoutfromtheharddisk
    Exh.4 at page no.200 of Exh.267 having path
    Exh.4/newfolder/teachersresponse, addressedto
    The Home Minister, Ministry of Home Affairs
    Government of India New Delhi 110001 dated 4
    August2013, isopenedonthelaptopoftheCourt
    andthenameofauthorisappearingasVSandthe
    saiddocumentiscreatedon4.8.2013at11.25p.m.
    andwordcountis615anditispreparedinMicrosoft
    Office Word. From the contents of this letter it
    reveals that it was not written by Saibaba and
    writtenbysomebodyelsebutinfactitiswrittenby
    accusedno.6SaibabaastheauthorisVS.
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    [viii] A document at Art.151 of pen drive


    Exh.23 dated 21 August 2013 having path
    letter/document Exh 23/ALLL/Letter re Adhoc
    Appointment,writtenbyDr.G.N.Saibabaaddressed
    toTheprincipalRamLalAnandCollegeUniversityof
    DelhiBenitoJuarrejRoadNewDelhi110021andthe
    author of said personal letter of accused no.6
    SaibabaisVS.

    352] Theprosecutionhasfiledtextdocumentscontaining247
    pages retrieved from the harddisks seized from house search of
    accused No.6 Saibaba and the said 247 pages are filed alongwith
    CFSL report 267 at page No.1, there is a secretary report of RDF
    conference,whichistitledasunder

    REVOLUTIONARYDEMOCRATICFRONT(RDF)
    Secretary'sReport(presentedinthe1stConferenceofRDF)
    FirstConferenceoftheRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF
    2223April,SundaraiyaVigyamBhavan,Hyderabad,Telangana)

    353] Itisimportanttonotethatthereisalsovideoclipsofthe
    1st conferenceheldon2223AprilatHyderabad.Thesaidvideo
    clip, found in harddisk was played on the laptap the court in
    presenceofaccusedandhisAdvocateGadlingandSpecialPP.anditis
    seen that the address as givenin Exh.1isappearingin videoclip.
    Thisshowsthatthevideoclipof1 st conferencefoundinharddiscs
    seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedSaibabaisnotmanipulated.
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    354] FurtherthereisareferenceatpointNo.40,ofpageno.1of
    Exh.267thatpublicprotestmeetingagainstfakeEncounterKillingof
    MaoistLeaderKishenjiwasheldinGandhiPeaceFoundation,Delhi
    on13December,2011.TheCDofMoserbear,onwhichitiswritten
    asOnTrinamoolissueconventiononKishanjiNewDelhi13.12.11,
    this CD was seized from house of accused no.6 Saibaba and on
    playingthesaidCDonthelaptopoftheCourt,inthepresenceof
    accused,hisAdvocateShriGadlingandSpl.P.P.ShriSathianathanand
    accusedSaibabaisseenattendingthesaidfunctionthathesaidthat
    hegotinspirationfromKishanji.ThisshowsthatthesaidCDisnot
    manipulated.

    355] There is a reference of comrade Jiten Murandi in page


    No.1 of Exh. 267 that Jiten Murandi was falsely implicated under
    DraconianLawsandhewasimprisonmentofvariousGovernmentand
    butinspiteoftheirincarceration,theyarerelentlesslyfightinginside
    theprisonsagainsttheantipeoplepoliciesofthecentralandState
    Governmentandforprisonersrights.Wesalutethesebravecomrade
    of ours. Two CDs cassettes of Moserbear company on which
    conventionofJiten(partI)andPartIIiswrittenArt.52and53were
    seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedNo.6SaibabaandinoneCD,
    whichwasplayedonthelaptopoftheCourtinpresenceofaccused,
    hisAdvocateGadlingandSpecialPPShriSathainathanandaccused
    No.4PrashantRahiisseenattendingthesaidmeetingondaiswith
    other persons and one ladywasalsoseenaddressingthe meeting.
    ThisshowsthatdatacontainedinthevideoclipsinArt.52and53is
    notmanipulated.
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    356] Furtherthere is a reference at page no.1ofExh.267at


    Sr.No.48 that RDF launches election boycott programme. Further
    there is a videoclip found in the hard disc seized from the house
    searchofaccusedno.6Saibabaandthesaidvideoclipishavingpath
    Exh.3/films/s1/RDF/4/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2, and the said video
    clipwasplayedonthelaptopofthecourtinpresenceofaccused,his
    AdvocateShriGadlingandSpecialPPShriSathainathananditisseen
    that accused no.6 Saibaba said that RDF rejects the parliamentary
    path and strives for intensifying people's struggles to overhaul the
    current semifeudalcolonial societyandtobuildanewdemocratic
    society and he further said that RDF reject electoral system. This
    showsthatthevideoclipisnotmanipulated.

    357] In view of clear evidence of Scientific Expert P.W.21


    BhaveshNikamthathedidnotanychangeincreateddate. Hence,
    from the above facts it is clear that the dates which were created
    earliertoseizureofsaidpropertyi.e.16GBmemorycardfromthe
    possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra and Arts.1to 41 from the
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba. From all above facts
    prosecutionhasprovedbeyondreasonabledoubtthatatnopointof
    timetherewasanyalternationormanipulationintheelectronicdata
    containedinelectronicgadgets.Hence,theelectronicdatacontained
    inoriginalelectronicgadgetsintheformofaudio,videoandtextcan
    be considered without the certificate as required u/s 65B of the
    IndianEvidenceAct.
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    241 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Delayinfilingcertificateu/s.65BofEvidenceAct

    358] AccordingtodefencecertificateunderSection65Bofthe
    EvidenceActwasfiledafteroneandhalfyear. Thepolicereceived
    theCFSLreports(Exhs.266and267)on15.2.2014butthecertificate
    under Section 65B of the Evidence Act was received from CFSL,
    Mumbaion22.3.2016. Hencethereisdelayofmorethanoneand
    halfyear. Hence,itcannotbereadinevidence. However,Division
    BenchofDelhiHighCourtinthecaseofKundanSinghvs.TheState
    reportedinMANU/DE/3674/2015heldthat

    Evenifthecertificationisnotobtainedatthetime
    of collection of evidence, yet, at the time of trial,
    evidence aliunde can be given through the person
    whowasinchargeofthesurverintermsofSection
    65BoftheAct.

    359] In the present case, the said certificate was produced


    beforethecommencementofevidenceanditwasprovedthroughthe
    evidenceofScientificExpertP.W.21BhaveshNikam.Hence,inviewof
    abovejudgmentitcanbereadinevidenceandcontentionofdefence
    isliabletoberejected.

    360] Inviewofaboveimpeachablecircumstancesbroughton
    recordprosecutionhasclearlyprovedthatfromthehousesearchof
    accusedno.6SaibabapoliceseizedelectronicgadgetslikeCDs,DVDs,
    pendrives,harddisksi.e.Articlesno.1to41alongwithotherarticles
    fromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaandtherewasnotampering
    oralterationintheelectronicdatacontainedtherein.
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    242 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Authenticityofelectronicevidence

    361] According to defence voicerecorder, videorecorder and


    taperecorderfromwhichtheCDs,DVDscopiedwerenotproduced
    onrecord. Hence,hesubmittedthatthedatacontainedin16GB
    memorycardandArts.1to41CDs,DVDs,harddisks,pendriveswere
    tamperedandplantedbytheInvestigatingOfficer.Insupportofhis
    submission he placed reliance on the judgment of Sanjaysinh
    RamraoChavanvs.DattatrayGulabraoPhalkereportedin(2015)
    3SupremeCourtCases123,whereinitisheldthat

    B. Evidence Act, 1872 Ss.65A and 65B


    Authenticity of electronic evidence Analysis
    /verificationofsourceSignificanceofInaudible
    voice recording Voice recorder not subjected to
    analysis Alleged translated version, held, cannot
    be relied on Held, without source, there is no
    authenticity for translation Source and
    authenticityarethetwokeyfactorsforanelectronic
    evidence Criminal Trial Proof Electronic
    evidence.

    362] TheelectronicgadgetsArt.1to141,seizedfromthehouse
    searchofaccusedSaibabacontainingelectronicdataintext,audio,
    video and photograph form and 16 GB memory card containing
    electronic data in text form seized from the possession of accused
    No.3 Hem Mishra is proved by the prosecution beyond reasonable
    doubtanditisintheexclusiveknowledgeoftheaccusedNo.3and6,
    whetherthedatacontainedinaboveelectronicgadgetsinprimaryor
    secondary form, but they have not explained the same in their
    statementsundersection313ofCr.P.C. Theyonlydeniedthatthe
    saiddatawasmanipulated.Hencethenonproductionofcamerafrom
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    243 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    which videography was done and the nonexamination of


    videographer,willnotbefataltothecaseoftheprosecution.

    Ownershipofhouse

    363] Itwasarguedbythedefencesidethattheprosecutionhas
    notproducedanycogentevidenceonrecordtoshowthatthehouse
    in which search was made was owned by accused No.6 Saibaba,
    hence,theevidenceinrespectofseizureofelectronicgadgetsarticle
    No.1to41willnotbehelpfultotheprosecution.

    364] ItisnotindisputethattheaccusedNo.6wasworkingasa
    professorinDelhiUniversityatthetimeofincident.TheP.W.2Jagat
    Bhole,thepanchwitnessinhisexaminationstatedthatheishaving
    barbershopwithinthepremisesofDelhiUniversityandheknowsthe
    houseofSaibabawhichwassituatedbehindhisshopandaftertaking
    the searchofthehouseofSaibaba,thecopyofpanchanamawas
    given to accused Saibaba. This shows that the house from where
    electronic gadgets Art.1 to 41 were seized was owned by accused
    Saibabaandnonproductionofdocumentaryevidenceisnotfatal.

    Effects of nonblocking of the objectionable websites under


    Section69AoftheInformationTechnologyAct,2000

    365] He submitted that Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas


    Bawcheinhiscrossexaminationadmittedthatheknowsthatthereis
    one website as Naxal related banned thoughts and all information
    regarding CPI Maoist and Naxal literature, meetings, central
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    committeeresolutionsareavailable. Hefurthersubmittedthatthis
    admissionexplainsthatthedocumentswhichwasallegedlyfoundin
    theelectronicequipmentsandseizedfromthehouseofSaibabaare
    alreadyinpublicdomainandiftheGovernmentwouldhavefound
    those to be incriminating material then they by exercising their
    powerwouldhavebannedthepublicationorblockedthosewebsites
    for public access. This power lies within the Government which is
    mentionedinSection69AoftheInformationTechnologyAct,2000.It
    deals with power to issue directions for blocking the website to
    prevent public from accessing any information through computer
    resource.Hesubmittedthattilldatethereisnosuchbanimposedby
    theGovernmentonthesewebsitesandtheyarealreadyinthepublic
    domain.Itmayhavebeentheconsciousdecisionofthegovernment
    not to restrict the fundamental right of 'freedom of expression'
    guaranteedbytheConstitutionofIndiaunderArticle19(1)(a).So
    howcouldthepolicecanclaimthosedocumentstobeincriminating
    materialswhichareinpublicdomain?

    366] Inthepresentcasethedatacontainedintextformwas
    found in 16 GB memorycard of Sandisk company seized from
    accusedno.3HemMishraandArts.1to41CDs,DVDs,pendrives,
    harddiskseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaare
    letters, correspondence by Comrades to members of CPI (Maoist),
    draft manifesto of RDF organisation, personal communication i.e.
    emailandthedefencehasnotabletoshowthattheelectronicdatain
    textformisthesamewhichisavailableonthewebsiteonInternet.It
    is important to note that nowadays several objectionable and
    offensive materials are available on Internet e.g. pornographic
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    websites and porn videosetc. Though the saidwebsite isnot yet


    bannedbytheGovernmentbyexercisingpoweru/s69ofInformation
    TechnologyActthatcannotbegroundforapersontodownloadthe
    saiddataandtouseitforcommittingthecrime.Hence,merenon
    banning of said website does not mean that the data contained
    thereinisnotoffensive.Hence,contentionofthedefenceisliableto
    bediscardedonthiscountalone.
    DepositingofMirrorimagesinrespectofdatacontainedin16GB
    memorycard seized from the possession of accused no.3 Hem
    MishraandElectronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)likeCDs,DVDs,pen
    drives,harddisksseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    SaibabainAheriPoliceStation

    367] According to the prosecution the CFSL, Mumbai has


    examined the 16 GB memory card seized from personal search of
    HemMishraandP.W.5broughtthemirrorimagesinrespectofdata
    containinginmemorycard.

    EVIDENCE

    368] HeadConstableRavindraManoharKumbhare(P.W.5)who
    wasattachedtoAheriPoliceStationandcarriedmuddemalproperty
    toCFSL,Mumbaiandbroughtmirrorimagesof16GBmemorycard
    ofSandiskCompanyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishraandfurtherbroughtmirrorimagesoftheelectronicgadgets
    articles1to41i.e.CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisksseizedfromthe
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba from CFSL, Mumbai and
    deposited the same in Aheri Police Station. Ravindra in his
    examination at Exh.210 stated that on 3082013 he received the
    mirrorimagecopiesinanotherbyCFSL,Bombayasperthedemand
    and deposited the same in Police Station Aheri with Investigating
    OfficerP.W.11SDPOSuhasBawcheon3182013insealedcondition.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    369] Accordingtoprosecutionafterdepositingofmirrorimages
    with Investigating officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche by carrier P.W.5
    RavindraKumbhare,InvestigatingofficerP.W.11SuhasBawchedrew
    panchanama with the help of panch witnesses P.W.4 Shrikant
    GaddewarandDildarKhanatExh.201.

    370] Investigating officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his


    examinationstatedthathe receivedmirrorimagesofmemorycards
    seizedfrompossession ofaccusedno.3HemMishra andthesaid
    mirror images were seized in the presence of panchas and
    panchanamawasdrawn underthesignaturesofpanchasvideExh.
    201andduringpanchanamatheyopenedthememorycardonthe
    computer with its card writer and upon opening the same they
    foundsomevideofilesandwordfileandvideofilesandwordfiles
    werenotprotectedbypasswordbutinthesaidmemorycardthere
    wasonefoldercontaining10fileswhichwereprotectedbypassword
    andthereaftertheytookoutprintoutofwordfilesandtheyareArt.
    A/17toA/21andtheyarethesameprintoutwhichweretakenfrom
    thememorycardseizedfromaccusedHemMishrawhichwasopened
    inthecomputerwiththehelpofcardwriterinP.S.Aheri.

    371] Incrossexaminationhestatedthathecametoknowthat
    some files were protected by password after receiving the mirror
    imagesfromCFSLandthisfactwasalsotoldbyaccusedHemMishra
    thatsomefileswereprotectedbypasswordduringhisinterrogation.
    Furtherhedeniedthatthememorycardwasplantedbyhimandhe
    wasknowingthatitwasprotectedbypassword.
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    372] The panch witness P.W.4 Shrikant Gaddewar in his


    examinationstatedthathewascalledon3182013atP.S.Aheriat8
    p.m.to9p.m.andatthattime,DySPBawcheandanotherpanchand
    policepersonnels,PIBadgujarwerepresentthereandDy.SPtoldme
    thatonememorycardwasfoundwithaccusedHemMishrawhich
    wassenttoforensiclaboratoryMumbaiandmirrorcopyofthesame
    hasbeenreceivedandpanchanamatothateffectwastobemadeand
    onepoliceofficialbroughtonepaper boxandthatpaperboxwas
    havingcellotapepastedonitandthenpoliceopenedthatboxinhis
    presenceandinsidethatboxtherewaswhitepaperandinthatwhite
    paper there was plastic pouchandinside that pouch there wasa
    blackmemorycardandonthatmemorycarditwaswrittenSandisk
    16GBmicroSDandthecardwasputinthecardwriterandthesaid
    cardwriterinsertedinthecomputerandmemorycardwasopened
    withthehelpofcardwriterandhehimselfinsertedthecardwriterin
    thecomputerandafteropeningtheyfoundonefolderonwhichCy
    and some number was written and that was opened and in that
    folder, there were 10 to 12 PDF files and they were protected by
    secrete passwords and in the same memory card there were some
    wordfilesandhedoesnotexactlyrememberhowmanywordfiles
    werethereandtherewereanotherfoldersinthesamememorycard
    andhedoesnotrememberthenamewhichweregiventothePDF
    filesandwordfiles.

    373] Thepoliceopened thewordfilesinhispresenceandin


    onefiletherewasletterwritteninHindilanguageandthesenderwas
    bynameJavianditwasaddressedtoSathiandinthatletteritwas
    writtenthattheconditionofUttaraKhandwasnotproper.
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    374] Thereafteranotherwordfilewasopenedbypoliceandin
    thatfileletterwassentbyCPIMaoistanditwasaddressedtoNRB
    andinthatfileitwaswrittenaboutpoliceawarenessisfakeandlot
    ofmatter was written but he doesnot rememberitandthereafter
    policeopenedanotherfile,theletterwassignedbySahyadriandon
    topofletteritwaswrittenasCPIMaoistandthesignaturewasin
    Marathi and matter was in English and thereafter police opened
    anotherfileandinthatletterdemandofmoneywasmaderegarding
    acknowledgementreceiptofRs.1,50,000/,Rs.75,000/anditwas
    alsowrittenloanofRs.2,50,000/wastakenandrequirementsofRs.
    13lacsandinanotherfileitwaswrittenthatMaheshwasrecently
    releasedfromthejailandhewaswronglyexpelledfromtheparty
    buthewasdoinggoodworkandthentheprintoutofthesaidfiles
    around 16 to 17 pages were taken and on the said print out his
    signaturesweretakenandtheelectronicdatainthe memorycard
    wascopiedbyhimonthecomputeroftheP.S.Aheriandthesaid
    printoutwastakenbyhimandtheprintoutbearshissignaturesand
    thememorycardwasthereaftersealedandlabelsandsignaturesof
    panchaswereputonthemandpanchanamatothateffectwasdrawn
    on3182013anditbearshissignatureandsignaturesofpanchasand
    itscontentsarecorrectanditisatExh.201andthePrintoutnow
    showntohim,bearshissignaturesandthosearetakenoutbyhim
    andthosearemarkedatArt.A/17toA/21.

    DepositingofmirrorimagescontainingElectronicgadgets(Arts.1
    to 41) like CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddisks seized from the
    housesearchofaccusedno.6SaibabainAheriPoliceStation

    375] P.W.5RavindraKumbhareinhisexaminationstatedthat
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    249 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    on20.09.2013hereceivedmirrorimagesregardingto1harddisc
    whichhehaddepositedalongwithletterdt.14.09.2013i.e.Exh.212
    and he deposited the said mirror images with Aheri P.S. on
    21.09.2013 and the muddemal which he deposited on 17.09.2013
    consists24sealedpacketsandonesealedparcel.

    376] HeagainhadgonetoCFSL,Bombayon1.10.2013astheir
    P.S.hadreceivedphonethatmirrorimagesofthearticlesdeposited
    with them were ready and hence, he went to the office of CFSL,
    Bombaytobringthesameandaccordinglyhewenttotheofficeof
    CFSL,Bombayon5.10.2013andreceivedmirrorimagesunderthe
    letterfromCFSL,Bombayinsealedconditionanddepositedthesame
    inAheriP.S.andhisstatementwasrecordedbypoliceinthiscrime.

    377] AfterreceiptsofmirrorimagesthepanchanamaExh.204
    wasmadebyP.W.11SuhasBawcheinthepresenceofP.W.4Shrikant
    Gaddewar.

    378] Investigating officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his


    examination stated that on 22.09.2013 he recorded statement of
    P.C.Kumbhare regarding depositing of harddisks containing mirror
    image from the harddisks submitted to CFSL, Bombay and on
    23.09.2013 he prepared panchanama regarding contents of the
    electronicmaterialintheharddiskscontainingmirrorimageinthe
    presence of panchas and now he had shown the panchanama
    dtd.23.09.2013anditbearshissignatureandsignatureofpanchas
    anditscontentsarecorrectanditisatExh.204.
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    379] The panch witness P.W.4 Shrikant Gaddewar in his


    examinationstatedthatthereafterpoliceagaincalledhimon239
    2013inAheriP.S.Dy.S.PBawche,policeofficialsandanotherpanch
    witnesswerepresentthereandpolicetoldhimthatthemirrorcopyof
    the hard disc seized from the house of Saibaba has been received
    from Forensic laboratory and panchanamatothat effect wastobe
    madeandthenpolicetookoutonewhitepaperpouchandasthe
    panchanamatookplacebefore2andhalfyear,hedoesnotrecollect
    thecolourofpouchanditwassealedpacketanditwasopenedinmy
    presenceandInthesaidpackettherewasharddiskandafteropening
    thesame,policeaskedhimtoconnectittothecomputeratP.S.and
    thenheputthesaidharddisconthecomputeranditwasplayedand
    itwasopenedinthecomputerandtherewere7folders,somefiles
    and on the said folder Ex numbering were there and he does not
    rememberwhetherthefileswerenumberedandthereafterasperthe
    instructionofDy.S.P.importantfileswerecheckedandthereafterthe
    saidharddiskwassealedinmypresenceandinpresenceofother
    panchasandsignaturesandlabelswereputonitandpanchanamato
    thateffectwaspreparedinhispresenceandpanchanamanowshown
    tohim,isthesameanditisatExh.204anditscontentsarecorrect.

    380] Investigating officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his


    examinationstated that on6.10.2015P.C.Kumbhare hadbrought2
    harddisks containing mirror images and he recorded statement of
    P.C.Kumbhare and panchanama to that effect was prepared on
    7.10.2013anditbearshissignatureanditscontentsarecorrectandit
    isatExh.205.
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    381] The panch witness P.W.4 Shrikant Gaddewar in his


    examinationstatedthatthereafterpoliceagaincalledtoP.S.Aherion
    7102013. Dy. S.P. Bawche, police officials and another panch
    witnesseswerepresentthereandpolicetoldhimthatthemirrorcopy
    of the two hard discs seized from the house of Saibaba has been
    receivedfromForensiclaboratoryandpanchanamatothateffectwas
    tobemadeandthenpolicetookoutonewhitepaperpouchandas
    the panchanama took place before 2 and half year, he does not
    recollect the colour of pouch and it was sealed packet and it was
    openedinmypresenceandinthesaidpackettherewere2harddisks
    and after opening the same,policeaskedhimtoconnect it tothe
    computeratP.S.andthenheputthethoseharddiscsonthecomputer
    andthosewereplayedanditwasopenedinthecomputerandinone
    harddisk, therewere16to17foldersand 25filesandinanother
    harddisktherewere25foldersandsomefilesandinonefile'video
    conference' was written and in another file it was written 'Cobad
    Gandhi'andonthesaidfolderExnumberingwerethereandhedoes
    notrememberwhetherthefileswerenumberedandthereafterasper
    theinstructionofDy.S.P.importantfileswerecheckedandthereafter
    thesaidharddisksweresealedinmypresenceandinpresenceof
    other panchas and signatures and labels were put on it and
    panchanama to that effect was prepared in his presence and
    panchanamanowshowntohim,isthesameanditisatExh.205and
    itscontentsarecorrect.

    SendingofHardcopiesofmirrorimagesof16GBmemorycard
    ofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3
    HemMishraandElectronicgadgetsArts.1to41seizedfromthe
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    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba to CFSL, Mumbai for


    certification.

    382] The mirrorimages of 16 GB memorycard of Sandisk


    companyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraand
    Electronic gadgets Arts.1 to 41 seized from the house search of
    accusedno.6SaibabawereretrievedbytheScientificOfficerBhavesh
    Nikam(P.W.21)atCFSL,MumbaiandsameweresenttoInvestigating
    Officer Suhas Bawche (P.W.11) vide letter dated 5.10.2013.
    Thereafter,InvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.11)inpresenceof
    Shrikant Gaddewar(P.W.4)tookprintouts(hardcopies)ofthesaid
    mirrorimagesonthelaptopinAheriPoliceStationandthesaidhard
    copiesweresentbyInvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.11)vide
    letterdated30.1.2014videExh.263forcertification.

    383] Thereafter Scientific Officer Bhavesh Nikam (P.W.21),


    CFSL,MumbaicertifiedthehardcopiesofincriminatingdataArt.A17
    toA21containedintextformin16GBmemorycardseizedfromthe
    possessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraunderpanchanama(Exh.137)
    alongwithitsgeneratedanalysisreportatExh.266andtheattested
    hardcopiesoftheincriminatingdatacontainedinelectronicgadgets
    i.e.CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks,memorycardseizedfromthe
    houseofaccusedno.6Saibabaunderseizurepanchanama(Exh.165)
    intextformandphotographsalongwithgeneratedanalysisreportat
    Exh.267containing247pagesandwerehandedovertoLPCApeksha
    Ramteke(P.W.7)andshedepositedthesameinSDPO,Office,Aheri.
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    253 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    EVIDENCE

    384] InthisrespectScientificOfficerBhaveshNikam(P.w.21)in
    his examination statedthat he issuedletter to P.W.11 SDPOAheri,
    alongwithmirrorimageofharddiskExh.4,Exh.6to12,Exh.14to
    17, Exh.18, Exh.19, Exh.20/3, Exh.20/4,Exh.20/5at Exh.373and
    also issued letter dated 5102013 in respect of copy of Exh.5,
    Exh.21, Exh.22, Exh.23, Exh.24 to SDPO Aheri at Exh.374 and
    thereafter, hardcopiesofAnnexurestoExh.267were providedto
    himbyletterfromSDPOAherion3012014andthereafterbasedon
    contents present keywords were generated and based on file path
    provided by Investigating Officer P.W.11 SDPO Aheri and the
    concerned documents were searched and verified and provided in
    hardcopiesandafterattestationprovidedtotheinvestigatingofficer
    in Annexure harddisk marked as Annexure harddisk Cy47513
    alongwith report generated by him dated 1522014 vide O.W.no.
    4860/2014.Hestatedthaton1522014onesealedparcelcontaining
    onememorycardof16GB,onereport,oneAnnexureharddiskand
    attestedhardcopies(15pages)werehandedovertoP.W.7Apeksha
    Ramteke,LPCandthosewerereceivedbyherasperreceiptandseal
    ofofficeofCFSLKalina. Heidentifiedreportdated1522014and
    hardcopiesof15pagesatExh.266.Onthesamedayhehandedover
    onesealedplasticboxcontaining24separatesealedparcelsandone
    sealed parcel containing laptop, one sealed report, one Annexure
    harddisk, attested hard copies (247 pages) to P.W.7 Apeksha
    Ramteke, LPC Buckle no.4131. The report dated 1522014
    containing247pagesannexedtoExh.267.
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    385] Inhiscrossexaminationhedeniedthatheblindlysigned
    on the analysis reports (Exhs.266 and 267) on the instructions of
    P.W.11SuhasBawcheandsigned247pagesand15pages.

    386] The learned Spl. P.P. Shri Sathainathan submitted that


    afterreceivingthemirrorimagesof16GBmemorycardofSandisk
    company seized from the possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra,
    Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche (P.W.11) took out printouts of
    incriminatingdocumentsatArts.A17toA21(15Pages)withthehelp
    of panch witness Shrikant Gaddewar (P.W.4) under panchanama
    (Exh.201).Hefurthersubmittedafterreceivingthemirrorimagesof
    electronic gadgets Arts.1 to 41 CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddisks
    seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba,investigating
    officer Suhas Bawche (P.W.11) opened those mirrorimages in
    presenceofpanchwitnessShrikantGaddewar(P.W.4)andprintoutsof
    incriminatingdocumentsandphotographsi.e.247pagesweretaken.

    387] He further submitted that Investigating Officer Suhas


    Bawche(P.W.11)byhisletterdated30.1.2014sentthosehardcopies
    toCFSL,Mumbaiforcertificationandafterduecertificationofallthe
    hardcopies, Scientific Officer BhaveshNikam (P.W.21) handedover
    the same to LPC Apeksha Ramteke (P.W.7) along with its analysis
    reports(Exh.266and267)andshedepositedthesamewithSDPO
    Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche (P.W.11). He submitted that
    evidence of Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche (P.W.11), panch
    witnessShrikantGaddewar(P.W.4)andLPCApekshaRamteke(P.W.7)
    is consistent with each other and the same was corroborated by
    panchanamas (Exh.201 and Exh.202) and letter dated 30.1.2014
    (Exh.263). He submitted that nothing was elicited from the cross
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    examinationofthesewitnessestodisbelievetheirtestimony.Hence,
    hesubmittedthatprosecutionhasprovedthathardcopiesof16GB
    memorycardandelectronicgadgetsArts.1to41weresenttoCFSL
    Mumbai,thosewerecertifiedbyScientificOfficerandthesaidhard
    copiesweredepositedinAheriPoliceStation.

    Conclusion

    388] Onperusalofevidenceavailableonrecorditisclearthat
    the Investigating OfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.11)afterreceivingthe
    mirrorimagesfromCFSL,MumbaiopenedthesameinAheriPolice
    StationinpresenceofpanchwitnessShrikantGaddewar(P.W.4)and
    tookouttheprintouts(hardcopies)ofincriminatingdocumentsand
    photographsandthoseweresenttoCFSL,Mumbaivideletterdated
    30.1.2014 (Exh.263) forcertification andScientificExpert Bhavesh
    Nikam(P.W.21)afterverifyingthesamefromitsmirrorimagesduly
    certified the same and thereafter handedover to LPC Apeksha
    Ramteke(P.W.7)alongwithgeneratedanalysisreports(Exh.266and
    267)andthesameweredepositedbyherinAheriPoliceStation.

    Depositingoforiginal16GBmemorycardandoriginalelectronic
    gadgetsArt.1to41toAheriPoliceStationfromCFSL,Bombay

    389] Accordingtotheprosecutionafterexaminationof16GB
    memorycardandArt.1to41electronicgadgetsseizedfromaccused
    No.3 Hem Mishra and accused No.6 Saibaba and the same were
    broughtbyApekshaRamtekefromCFSL,Bombayanddepositedthe
    sametoAheriPoliceStation. Tothateffectprosecutionexamined
    ApekshaRamteke.
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    390] P.W.7ApekshaRamtakeinherexaminationstatedthatin
    themonthofFebruary2013shewasattachedtoPoliceheadquarter
    GadchiroliandshewasongeneraldutyandsheusedtocarryTapal,
    on 1322014 she had taken post (Tapal ) from Gadchiroli
    headquarter and handed over to Director General of Police office,
    Mumbai and on 1422014 shereceivedtelephonecallfromSDPO
    office, Aheri that she had to bring some Tapal from Forensic
    Laboratory Mumbai (CFSL) relating to Crime No. 3017/2013 and
    therefore, shewenttotheofficeofCFSLintheeveningbutitwas
    closedandhence,shewenton1522014toCFSLofficeBombayand
    shereceivedmuddemalin3sealedpacketsinCrimeNo.3017/2013
    and she took those 3 sealed packets and then she signed the
    acknowledgementreceiptinthatofficeandthereaftershetookthose
    3sealedpacketandhandedover itinSDPOoffice,Aheriandthe
    entryofdepositedsealedpacketsinMuddemalregisteratAheriPolice
    StationisExh.278D.

    391] In her cross examination she denied that on 1422014


    shedidnotreceiveanymessagefromSDPOoffice,Aheriandshedid
    notgointheofficeofCFSL,Bombayandshedidnottakeanyarticles
    fromCFSLoffice,BombayandshedidnotdepositittoSDPOoffice,
    Aheriandherstatementwasrecordedbypoliceandshedidnotstate
    inherstatementthatshereceived3sealedpacketfromCFSLoffice
    MumbaianddepositedthosepacketsinSDPOofficeAheri,andshe
    deniedthatshedeposedfalselyattheinstanceofSDPODhumal.

    Depositingof16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyandother
    articlesseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishra
    andelectronicgadgetsArticles1to41andotherarticlesseized
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    fromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba inCourtatthe
    timeoffilingofchargesheetagainsttheaccused.

    392] Atthetimeoffilingofchargesheet,abovearticlesi.e.16
    GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyandArts.1to41CDs,DVDs,
    pendrives, harddisks alongwith other muddemal articles were
    depositedbyMuddemalClerkofAheriPoliceStationGaneshRathod
    (P.W.4)intheSessionsCourtwithSuperintendent(MuddemalClerk)
    Khumaji Korde (P.W.17). In this respect prosecution relied on the
    evidenceofGaneshRathod(P.W.4)andKhumajiKorde(P.W.17).
    EVIDENCE
    393] Ganesh Rathod (P.W.4) Muddemal Clerk of Aheri Police
    StationinhisexaminationatExh.258statedthathedepositedthe
    muddemalpropertyon13102015inSessionsCourt,Gadchiroliand
    prepared invoice challan (Exh.135) through Police Constable Firoz
    Pathan for depositing all property in crime in court and when the
    propertywasdepositedincourtitwasinsealedconditionandthe
    propertyclerkoftheDistrictcourtaskedhim,hewantedtoopenthe
    sealedenveloptoverifywhetherthepropertydepositedincourtisthe
    sameasdescribedininvoicechallaninExh.135andhence,thesaid
    propertywasopenedbythiswitnessinthecourtandthesamewas
    verifiedbythepropertyclerkofDistrictClerkandgavereceiptabout
    depositingofpropertyoncarboncopyofinvoicechallan(Exh.302).

    394] He stated that on 1052013 P.W.11 SDPO Bawche


    depositedonepropertyinthiscrimeandhegavepropertyno.6/2014
    to the said property and took entry in the property register vide
    Exh.276E. HebroughttheoriginalregisterbeforetheCourtandit
    was verified from original register and found to be correct. This
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    propertywasdepositedbyNPCFirozPathaninthecourton522016
    alongwithinvoicechallanExh.186.Nothingwasbroughtonrecordin
    his crossexamination to disbelieve his evidence on the point of
    depositingthemuddemalpropertyinthiscrimeinSessionsCourt.

    395] Shri Khumaji Devaji Korde (P.W.18) was Court


    Superintendent. He statedin hisexaminationat Exh.339thatthe
    muddemalincrimeno.3017/2013wasplacedbeforehimbyHead
    ConstableRathod(P.W.13)andalongwiththesaidmuddemalinvoice
    challanwasalsosentandallthepropertiesproducedbeforehimwas
    in sealed condition and some property was having seal of CFSL
    BombayandsomepropertywashavingsealofPoliceStation,Aheri.
    Hestatedthathedidnotbreakopenthesealofpropertyreceived
    fromCFSLandaskedthepolicetoopenthesealinrespectofproperty
    produced from Police Station, Aheri for verification purpose. He
    verifiedthepropertyfromseizurepanchanamaandinvoicechallan
    Exh.302andgavetheendorsementaboutreceiptofproperty.Hehad
    broughtoriginalpropertyregisterintheCourtinwhichitiswritten
    thatthesealedenvelopsofpropertyno.1to14wereopened,copyof
    whichisatExh.340.

    396] Nothinghasbeenelicitedfromthecrossexaminationof
    prosecution witnesses to discredit the prosecution evidence on the
    point of depositing the mirror images of electronic gadgets seized
    from possession of accused No.3HemMishraandhousesearchof
    accusedNo.6Saibabaandsendingofhardcopiesforcertificationto
    CFSLanddepositingofmuddemalfromCFSLofficetoAheriPolice
    StationandintheCourt,henceprosecutionevidenceinthatrespect
    canbetakenintoconsideration.
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    ElectronicEvidenceinrespectofaccusedno.3HemMishra,No.4
    PrashantRahiandNo.6Saibaba.

    397] Nowitisnecessarytoseetheevidentiaryvalueofdata
    containedintextformin16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompany
    seized from accused no.3 Hem Mishra under seizure panchnama
    (Exh.137) and the data contained in text, audio, video form in
    electronicgadgetsArticlesno.1to41i.e.CDs,DVDs,pendrives,hard
    disksseizedfromthehousesearchofhouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    under seizure panchanama (Exh.165). In some CDs, DVDs, pen
    drivesandharddisktherearephotographsandvideoclipsofAccused
    No.3 Hem Mishra, No.4 Prashant Rahi and No.6 Saibaba while
    attending and addressing the meetings of banned organization
    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDF.
    The above electronic gadgets were produced by police alongwith
    ChargeSheetandtheseformmuddemalpropertyatExh.135having
    Articlenos.1to38.

    398] Atthecommencementofthetrialonbehalfofthe
    accusednos.1to6on4.1.2016applicationatExh.145wasfiledon
    record for getting soft copies of the data contained in electronic
    gadgetsArticles1to41i.e.CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks,laptop,
    memorycardwhichwereallegedtobeseizedfromthehousesearch
    ofhouseofaccusedno.6Saibabaand16GBmemorycardofSandisk
    companyseizedfromaccusedno.3HemMishra.Inordertopreserve
    the hash value in respect of electronic data contained in the said
    electronicgadgetsandtoavoidthepossibilityofediting,tampering
    andalterationbypassinganorderon4.1.2016belowExh.145,the
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    electronicgadgetsArticles1to41i.e.CDs,DVDs,pendrives,hard
    disks,laptop,memorycardseizedfromthehousesearchofaccused
    no.6Saibabaand16G.B.memorycardofSandiskcompanyseized
    from possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra were sent to CFSL
    Mumbai for making softcopies of the same for providing to
    prosecutionanddefence.TheCFSLMumbaipreparedthesoftcopies
    ofthe same and forwarded the same totheCourt andthosesoft
    copiesofelectronicdatacontainedin16GBmemorycardofSandisk
    company and Arts.1 to 41 CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddisks were
    suppliedtoprosecutionanddefence.Thisprocedurewasadoptedas
    pertheobservationsmadebytheMadrasHighCourtinpara8incase
    of K.RamajayamaliasAppuvInspectorofPolicereportedin
    2016Cri.L.J.1542.

    399] Thedatacontainedinelectronicgadgetsi.e.article
    nos.1to41CDs,DVDs,Pendrives,HardDisc,Memorycardsseized
    from the house of accused no.6 Saibaba is around 3 TB. During
    investigationtheimportantelectronicdatacontainedintheformof
    audio,videoandtextcontainedinArts.1to41likeCDs,DVDs,pen
    drives, harddisks seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibabaandthedatacontainedin16GBmemorycardofSandisk
    companyintextformseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishrawhichtheinvestigationofficerthoughtimportant,hesought
    the mirror copies/transcript of data contained in above electronic
    gadgets by letter Exhibit No.212 dated 14.9.2013 and the above
    gadgets were sent to CFSL, Mumbai andScientific Expert Bhavesh
    Nikam(P.W.21)examinedthesameandsuppliedthemirrorcopiesin
    respect of data contained in text form in 16 GB memorycard of
    Sandisk company at Exh.266 (Articles A17 to A21) and the data
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    containedinCDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks(Articlesno.1to41)
    consistingofaudio,videoandtextformatisatExh.267(Pagenos.1to
    247ofCFSLreport).

    400] Furtheratthetimeofrecordingofstatementsofaccused
    no.3 Hem Mishra, No.4 Prashant Rahi and No.6 Saibaba under
    Section 313 of Code of Criminal Procedure the original electronic
    gadgets played before the Court in presence of the accused, Shri
    Gadling counsel for accused and Spl.P.P. Shri Sathainathan and in
    respect of incriminating data containing the text form on which
    questionswereputtotheaccusedno.3HemMishra,No.4Prashant
    Rahi and No.6 Saibaba under Section 313 of Code of Criminal
    Procedurethedefencesoughtforsupplyinghardcopiesofthesame
    byfillingapplicationExhibitNo.246andafterdisplayingthedataon
    laptopofthecourtwiththehelpofSystemAdministratorofthiscourt
    Shri Atul Wasamwar printouts were taken out and copies were
    suppliedtoprosecutionanddefenceandonecopyofeachdocument
    waskeptonrecordandthecopiestakenoutaremarkedatArticle
    nos.147to164.Furtherthevideoclipsandphotographscontainedin
    above electronic gadgets were shown to concerned accused and
    questions were put while recording statement u/s 313 of Code of
    CriminalProcedureandtheiranswerswererecorded.

    401] The Apex Court in case of Shamsher Singh Verma v.


    StateofHaryanareportedin2016Cri.L.J.364heldthat

    (A)CriminalP.C.(2of1974),S.294Documents
    requiring no formal proof 'Document' What is
    CompactdiscisadocumentItisnotnecessaryfor
    courttoobtainadmissionordenialonadocument
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    under S. 294 (1) personally from accused or


    complainantorwitness.

    (B) CriminalP.C.(2of1974),S.294 Application


    for getting exhibited compact disc Rejection of
    ValidityComplainantallegingthathisminorniece
    wasmolestedbyaccusedAccusedhasallegedthat
    he has been implicated due to property dispute
    Compact disc relating to conversation between
    father of victim and son and wife of accused
    regardingallegedpropertydisputeOrderrejecting
    application to play compact disc in question to
    enable public prosecutortoadmit ordeny,andto
    get same proved from FSL Is erroneous and set
    aside.

    402] InviewofaboveastheCD,DVD,harddisks,pendrives,
    memorycards are documents, it is necessary to consider the
    provisions of Information Technology Act and Indian Evidence Act
    relating to the procedure for proof of data contained in electronic
    gadgetsintheformoftext,audio,photographsandvisualform.

    403] Onthequestionsofimportanceofelectronicevidencein
    investigationandincreasingimpactoftechnologyineverydaylife,in
    TomasoBruno.vs.StateofU.P.,MANU/SC/0057/2015:(2015)7
    SCC178,theApexCourtobservedthat

    "25. With the advancement of information


    technology,scientifictemperintheindividualandat
    theinstitutionallevelistopervadethemethodsof
    investigation. With the increasing impact of
    technology in everyday life and as a result, the
    production of electronic evidence in cases has
    becomerelevanttoestablishtheguiltoftheaccused
    or the liability of the defendant. Electronic
    documents strictu sensu are admitted as material
    evidence. With the amendment to the Indian
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    EvidenceActin2000,Sections65Aand65Bwere
    introducedintoChapterVrelatingtodocumentary
    evidence. Section 65A provides that contents of
    electronic records may be admitted as evidence if
    the criteria provided in Section 65B is complied
    with.Thecomputergeneratedelectronicrecordsin
    evidence are admissible at atrialifprovedin the
    manner specified by Section 65B of the Evidence
    Act.Subsection(1)ofSection65Bmakesadmissible
    asadocument,paperprintoutofelectronicrecords
    storedinopticalormagneticmediaproducedbya
    computer,subjecttothefulfilmentoftheconditions
    specifiedinsubsection(2)ofSection65B.Secondary
    evidence of contents of document can also be led
    underSection65oftheEvidenceAct.PW13stated
    thathesawthefullvideorecordingofthefateful
    nightintheCCTVcamera,buthehasnotrecorded
    thesameinthecasediaryasnothingsubstantialto
    beadducedasevidencewaspresentinit.

    26.Productionofscientificandelectronicevidence
    incourtascontemplatedunderSection65Bofthe
    Evidence Act is of great help to the investigating
    agencyandalsototheprosecution.Therelevanceof
    electronic evidence is also evident in the light of
    Mohd. Ajmal Mohammad Amir Kasab vs. State of
    Maharashtra,MANU/SC/0681/2012:(2012)9SCC
    1, wherein production of transcripts of internet
    transactions helped the prosecution case a great
    dealinprovingtheguiltoftheaccused.Similarly,in
    thecaseofState(NCTofDelhi)vs.NavjotSandhu
    @AfsanGuru,MANU/SC/0465/2005:(2005)11
    SCC600,thelinksbetweentheslainterroristsand
    themastermindsoftheattackwereestablishedonly
    through phone call transcripts obtained from the
    mobileserviceproviders."onlythroughcourtande
    mailsprintouts.

    404] Nowitisnecessarytoapplythelegalpositiontoseewhat
    isadmissibleandprovedbytheprosecutioninrespectofelectronic
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    data contained in text form in 16 GB memorycard of Sandisk


    company seized from accused no.3 Hem Mishra under seizure
    panchnama(Exh.137)andArticlesno.1to41i.e.CDs,DVDs,pen
    drives,harddisksseizedfromthehousesearchofhouseofaccused
    no.6Saibaba.Iwillbeginbyscrutinizingthestatutoryprovisions.

    Section 3 of the Evidence Act in subsection (2)


    stipulates that documentary evidence means and
    includesalldocumentsincluding"electronicrecords"
    producedfortheinspectionoftheCourt.Bywayof
    amendment to the Evidence Act, incorporated by
    Act,No.21of2000,thefollowingwasinserted:

    "The expression "Certifying Authority", "Digital


    Signature","DigitalSignatureCertificate","electronic
    form", "electronic records", "information", "secure
    electronicrecords","secureddigital signature" and
    "subscriber" shall have the meanings respectively
    assignedtothemintheInformationTechnologyAct,
    2000."

    Section2(c)oftheInformationTechnologyAct,2000readsas

    "electronic record" means data, record or data


    generated,imageorsoundstored,receivedorsent
    in an electronic form or micro film or computer
    generatedmicrorecord."

    "Section22AoftheEvidenceActreadsasfollows:

    "22A. When oral admission as to contents of


    electronicrecordsarerelevant.Oraladmissionsas
    to the contents of electronic records are not
    relevant, unless the genuineness of the electronic
    recordproducedisinquestion."
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    Section45AoftheEvidenceActreadsasfollows:

    "45A.OpinionofExaminerofElectronicEvidence.
    When in a proceeding, the court has to form an
    opinion on anymatterrelatingtoanyinformation
    transmittedorstoredinanycomputerresource or
    anyotherelectronicordigitalform,theopinionof
    the ExaminerofElectronicEvidence referredtoin
    Section 79A of the Information Technology Act,
    2000(21of2000),isarelevantfact.

    Explanation.For the purposes of this section, an


    ExaminerofElectronicEvidenceshallbeanexpert."

    Section59underPartIIoftheEvidenceActdealingwithproof,reads
    asfollows:

    "59.Proofoffactsbyoralevidence.Allfacts,except
    thecontentsofdocumentsorelectronicrecords,may
    beprovedbyoralevidence."

    Section65Areadsasfollows:

    "65A. Specialprovisionsastoevidence relatingto


    electronicrecord.Thecontentsofelectronicrecords
    maybeprovedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsof
    Section65B."

    Section65Breadsasfollows:

    "65B.Admissibilityofelectronicrecords.

    (1)NotwithstandinganythingcontainedinthisAct,
    any information contained in an electronic record
    which is printed on a paper, stored, recorded or
    copiedinopticalormagneticmediaproducedbya
    computer(hereinafterreferredtoas"thecomputer
    output")shallbedeemedtobealsoadocument,if
    theconditionsmentionedinthissectionaresatisfied
    in relation to the information and computer in
    questionandshallbeadmissibleinanyproceedings,
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    withoutfurtherprooforproductionoftheoriginal,
    asevidenceofanycontentsoftheoriginalorofany
    factstatedthereinofwhichdirectevidencewouldbe
    admissible.

    (2)Theconditionsreferredtoinsubsection(1)in
    respectofacomputeroutputshallbethefollowing,
    namely
    (a)thecomputeroutputcontainingtheinformation
    was produced by the computer during the period
    overwhichthecomputerwasusedregularlytostore
    or process information for the purposes of any
    activitiesregularlycarriedonoverthatperiodbythe
    person having lawful control over the use of the
    computer;

    (b)duringthesaidperiod,informationofthekind
    contained in the electronic record or of the kind
    fromwhichtheinformationsocontainedisderived
    wasregularlyfedintothecomputerintheordinary
    courseofthesaidactivities;

    (c)throughoutthematerialpartofthesaidperiod,
    thecomputerwasoperatingproperlyor,ifnot,then
    in respect of any period in which it was not
    operatingproperlyorwasoutofoperation during
    thatpartoftheperiod,wasnotsuchastoaffectthe
    electronicrecordortheaccuracyofitscontents;and

    (d) the information contained in the electronic


    record reproduces or is derived from such
    information fed into the computer in the ordinary
    courseofthesaidactivities.

    (3)Whereoveranyperiod,thefunctionofstoringor
    processing information for the purposes of any
    activities regularly carried on over that period as
    mentioned in clause (a) of subsection (2) was
    regularlyperformedbycomputers,whether

    (a) by a combination of computers operating over


    thatperiod;or
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    (b) by different computers operating in succession


    overthatperiod;or
    (c)bydifferentcombinationsofcomputersoperating
    insuccessionoverthatperiod;or
    (d) in any other manner involving the successive
    operationoverthatperiod,inwhateverorder,ofone
    ormorecomputersandoneormorecombinationsof
    computers,allthecomputersused fort that purpose
    duringthatperiodshallbetreatedforthepurposes
    ofthissectionasconstitutingasinglecomputer;and
    references in this section to a computer shall be
    construedaccordingly.

    (4)Inanyproceedingswhereitisdesiredtogivea
    statement in evidence by virtue of this section, a
    certificatedoinganyofthefollowingthings,thatis
    tosay

    (a)identifyingtheelectronicrecordcontainingthe
    statementanddescribingthemannerinwhichitwas
    produced;

    (b)givingsuchparticularsofanydeviceinvolvedin
    theproductionofthatelectronicrecordasmaybe
    appropriate for the purpose of showing that the
    electronicrecordwasproducedbyacomputer;

    (c) dealing with any of the matters to which the


    conditionsmentionedinsubsection(2)relate,and
    purporting to be signed by a person occupying a
    responsible official position in relation to the
    operationoftherelevantdeviceorthemanagement
    oftherelevantactivities(whicheverisappropriate)
    shall be evidence of any matter stated in the
    certificate;andforthepurposesofthissubsectionit
    shallbe sufficientforamattertobe statedtothe
    best of the knowledge and belief of the person
    statingit.

    (5)Forthepurposesofthissection

    (a)informationshallbe takentobe suppliedtoa


    computerifitissuppliedtheretoinanyappropriate
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    formandwhetheritissosupplieddirectlyor(with
    or without human intervention) by means of any
    appropriateequipment;

    (b)whetherinthecourseofactivitiescarriedonby
    anyofficial,informationissuppliedwithaviewto
    its being stored or processed for the purposes of
    those activities by a computer operated otherwise
    than in the course of those activities, that
    information,ifdulysuppliedtothatcomputer,shall
    betakentobesuppliedtoitinthecourseofthose
    activities;

    (c)acomputeroutputshallbetakentohavebeen
    producedbyacomputerwhetheritwasproducedby
    itdirectlyor(withorwithouthumanintervention)
    bymeansofanyappropriateequipment.

    Explanation.For the purposes of this section any


    reference to information being derived from other
    informationshallbeareferencetoitsbeingderived
    therefrom by calculation,kind contained in the
    electronic record or of the kind from which the
    information so contained is derived was regularly
    fedintothecomputerintheordinarycourseofthe
    saidactivities;

    (c)throughoutthematerialpartofthesaidperiod,
    the computer was operating properly or, if not,
    then in respect of any period in which it was not
    operatingproperlyorwasoutof operation during
    thatpartoftheperiod,wasnotsuchasto affect
    the electronic record or the accuracy of its
    contents;and

    (d) the information contained in the electronic


    record reproduces or is derived from such
    information fed into the computer in the ordinary
    courseofthesaidactivities.
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    405] Asperratiolaiddownbythe ApexCourt inthecaseof


    Shamsher Singh Verma v. State of Haryana reported in 2016
    Cri.L.J.364,the16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyseizedfrom
    thepersonalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMihraandtheelectronic
    gadgets Arts.1 to 41 like CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddisks seized
    from the house search of accused no.6 Saibaba are incriminating
    material, contained data in the form of audio, video, text and
    photographsanditisrequiredtobeputtotheconcernedaccusedin
    theirstatementsu/s313ofCodeofCriminalProcedure.TheMadras
    HighCourtinthecaseofK.RamajayamaliasAppuvInspectorof
    Policereportedin2016Cri.L.J.1542hasheldthat

    A] EvidenceAct(1of1872),S.3 'Document'
    ArticleslikeMemoryCard,HardDisc,CD,Pendrive,
    etc., containing relevant data in electronic form
    Are 'documents' as defined under S. 3 albeit,
    marking them as material objects After all,
    nomenclature cannot have effect of altering
    characteristicsofobject(Para8)

    B] Evidence Act (1 of 1872), S. 65B Electronic


    recordReceivedbyMagistrateinpetitionfiledby
    prosecution He can take a back up, without
    disturbingintegrityofsource,inaCDorPendriveor
    anyothergadget,bydrawingproceedingsBackup
    canbekeptinsafecustodybywrappingitinanti
    staticcoverandshouldbesenttoSessionsCourtat
    timeofcommittal(Para8)

    C] Evidence Act (1 of 1872) Ss. 62, 3


    Documentary evidence Court has power to view
    CCTVfootageandvideorecordings,beitprimaryor
    legallyadmissiblesecondaryevidenceInpresence
    of accused for satisfying itself as to whether
    individualseeninfootageisaccusedindock.
    (Para8)
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    D] Criminal P.C.(2 of 1974), S. 313


    Examination of accused Trial Court should
    specifically put questions to accused about
    specificallyputquestionstoaccusedabouthisovert
    acts appearing in CCTV footage and record his
    answers.(Para8).

    406] The Delhi High Court in case of Kishan Tripathi alias


    KishanPaintervStatereportedin2016(3)ADR495, observed
    that
    Evidence Act (1 of 1872) S. 65B, 60 CCTV
    footage Evidentiary value Murder of security
    guardinfactoryEvidenceonrecordshowingthat
    no one was watching CCTV footage when it was
    being recorded and recording was result of
    commands or instruction already given and
    programmedOriginalharddisctherefore would
    enjoyauniquepositionandcouldbereliedonas
    primaryevidence.PenalCode(45of1860),S.300.
    (Paras13,14,15)

    407] TheobservationsofDelhiHighCourtinParanos.12and
    13ofthesaidjudgmentarereproducedasunder:

    [12] Pertinently,inordertoreassureandverify,
    wehadcalledfortheoriginalharddiscfromthe
    malkhana. The same was produced in a sealed
    cover with court seals. The said seals were
    inspectedbythecounselfortheappellantKishan
    Tripathi.Thisharddiscwasattachedtoacomputer
    byoneNeerajandCCTVfootagewasplayedinthe
    Court for our examination and visual viewing.
    Counselswerealsoallowedtowatchandseethe
    relevantportionsofthevideofiles.Filesfromthe
    saidharddiscwerecopiedintwopendrivesof8
    GB each marked Exhibits HC1 and HC2.
    Thereafter,theoriginalharddiscwasdetachedand
    resealedinthepresenceoftheCourtMasterand
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    returnedtotheAdditionalPublicProsecutortobe
    depositedinthemalkhana.Wehadalsoplayedthe
    twoCDsavailableonthetrialcourtrecordonthe
    laptop.

    [13] The CCTV footage, which was directly and


    immediately stored in the hard drive of the
    computer is the original media, that was self
    generated and created without any human
    intervention. This CCTV footage is not secondary
    evidence anddoesnot require certification under
    Section65BoftheEvidenceAct.Thisissueisno
    longerresintegraandissettledinthedecisionof
    theSupremeCourtin AnwarP.V.(S)v.P.K.Basir,
    (2014)10SCC473,whichhold:
    "24.Thesituationwouldhavebeendifferenthad
    theappellantadducedprimaryevidence,bymaking
    available in evidence, the CDs used for
    announcementandsongs.HadthoseCDsusedfor
    objectionable songs or announcements been duly
    got seized through the police or Election
    Commission and had the same been used as
    primary evidence, the High Court could have
    played the same in court to see whether the
    allegationsweretrue.Thatisnotthesituationin
    thiscase.Thespeeches,songsandannouncements
    were recorded using other instruments and by
    feeding them into a computer, CDs were made
    therefromwhichwereproducedincourt,without
    duecertification.ThoseCDscannotbeadmittedin
    evidence since the mandatory requirements of
    Section65BoftheEvidenceActarenotsatisfied.It
    is clarified that notwithstanding what we have
    stated herein in the preceding paragraphs on the
    secondary evidence of electronic record with
    reference to Sections 59, 65A and 65B of the
    EvidenceAct,ifanelectronicrecordassuchisused
    asprimaryevidence.

    408] In order to ascertain whether there is any alteration,


    change or tampering with the said electronic devices i.e. 16 GB
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    MemoryCardofSandiskcompany(Exh.137)andelectronicgadgets
    i.e.CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisks(Articlesno.1to41),Courthas
    asked specific question to Scientific Officer of Cyber Crime P.W.21
    BhaveshNikamwhichisreproducedasunder:

    CourtQuestion

    Que. WhetherExh.1isaoriginalmemorycardand
    Exh.1to25containsalltheelectronicdigitalstorage
    media like pen drives, CDS, DVDs, memory cards,
    laptops harddisks, etc. which contains document
    files,mediai.e.audio,video.Whatyoucan say
    abouttheoriginalexistenceofthefileintextvisual,
    audioandvideoformatintheabovefilesandchanges
    occurringinthe same?

    Answer: In reply to the said question, Scientific


    OfficerP.W.21Bhavesh Nikamansweredthathedid
    notobserveanysuchchanges,additionortampering
    relatedtothefilespresentintheexhibitprovidedand
    based on file signatures analysis, link file analysis,
    prefetch analysis, system information, MFT details,
    registry analysis, time stamp analysis and USB
    analysis,hecametotheconclusionthatthereareno
    suchchangesintext,audioandvideo.

    409] Theelectronicgadgetsi.e.16GBmemorycardofSandisk
    companyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraand
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    Articlesno.1to41i.e.CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisksseizedfrom
    thehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabawereproducedbeforethe
    Courtandelectronicdatacontainedthereinisinprimaryformandin
    viewofevidenceofScientificExpertBhaveshNikam(P.W.21)thereis
    nochange,alterationortamperinginit.

    410] Thequestionswereputfromtheincriminatingelectronic
    datacontainedinelectronicgadgetsintheformoftext,audio,video
    form to accused nos.3 Hem Mishra, No.4 Prashant Rahi and No.6
    Saibabaintheirstatementsu/s313of CodeofCriminalProcedure.
    The mirrorimages received from CFSL, Mumbai in respect of
    electronicdatacontainedin16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompany
    seizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraandArts.1to
    41i.e.CDs,DVDs,pendrivesandharddisksseizedfromthehouse
    searchofaccusedno.6Saibabaweresuppliedbypassinganorderon
    Exh.145on412016inviewofjudgmentofMadrasHighCourtin
    the case of K. Ramajayam alias Appu v Inspector of Police
    reportedin2016Cri.L.J.1542andDelhiHighCourtinthecaseof
    KishanTripathialiasKishanPaintervStatereportedin2016(3)
    ADR495.

    411] Original16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyseized
    fromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraandArts.1to41i.e.
    CDs,DVDs,pendrivesandharddisksseizedfromthehousesearchof
    accusedno.6SaibabawereplayedonthelaptopoftheCourtwiththe
    helpofSystemAdministratorofthisCourtShriAtulWasamwarand
    Shri Rawrane, Police Officer who was not connected with
    investigation of the present case and questions in respect of
    incriminatingdataintheformoftextwereputtoaccusedno.3Hem
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    Mishra,no.4PrashantRahiandno.6SaibabainpresenceofSpl.P.P.
    ShriSathianathanandlearnedAdvocatesofthedefenceShriGadling,
    ShriJagdishMeshramandShriNarendraNarnaware.

    412] This Court is provided with the laptop and computers


    havingUbuntuoperatingsystemandthecomputersectionwiththe
    laptop and computers having Windows operating system. Initially
    whileopeningtextfileinUbuntusomechangesinparasettinglike
    changes in paragraphs and line spacing was noticed, but when
    reopened in Windows operating system no changes was noticed.
    Somefilesin16GBmemorycardandharddiskwereprotectedby
    uniquepasswords.ThosepasswordswerementionedinCFSLreport
    (Exhs.266 and 267). With the help of those passwords the data
    containedin16GBmemorycardandArts.1to41wasopened.

    413] Somefilesinthetextformatevencouldnotbeopenedby
    CFSL,Mumbaiaspasswordcouldnotberetrieved. Oneharddisk
    seizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.6Saibabawascrushedand
    thedatacontainedthereincouldnotberetrievedbyCFSLandthis
    factisalsomentionedintheCFSLreport(Exh.267). Somefilesin
    text format in 16 GB memorycard seized from the possession of
    accusedno.3HemMishraandharddiskseizedfromthehousesearch
    of accused no.6 Saibaba were opened with the help of partition
    Guru software by Shri Rawrane. Some files in text formate were
    openedwiththehelpofcomputeroperatingsystemWindows.

    414] Inrespectofevidenceofelectronicdataspecificquestions
    wereputtoaccusedno.6Saibabaandhisstatementu/s313ofCode
    ofCriminalProcedurewasrecordedcontinuouslyforaperiodofthree
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    days i.e. on 3.10.2016, 4.10.2016 and 5.10.2016. Saibaba is 90%


    disabled and he was not able to sit. He filed an application at
    Exh.440 for recording his further statement u/s 313 of Code of
    CriminalProcedure andinthepresenceofhisAdvocates.Inview of
    JudgmentofApexCourtincaseofBasavarajR.Patilandothers.v.
    State of Karnataka and others reported in AIR 2000 Supreme
    Court3214,bypassinganorder,theapplicationatExh.440filedby
    accusedno.6Saibaba,forrecordinghisfurtherstatementthroughhis
    Advocates Shri Surendra Gadling, Shri Jagdish Meshram, Shri
    NarendraNarnawarewasallowedandthattheremainingquestions
    u/s313 CodeofCriminalProcedure wererecordedon18.10.2016,
    19.10.2016,20.10.2016throughhisadvocatesandtheelectronicdata
    inaudio,videoandtextformwasplayedonthelaptopoftheCourtin
    presenceofSpl.P.P.ShriSathianathanandthelearnedcounselsShri
    Surendra Gadling, Shri Jagdish Meshram and Shri Narendra
    Narnaware.

    415] The learned Advocate Shri Gadling submitted that


    prosecution failed to prove the contents and ownership of the
    documentsallegedtobefoundintheseizedelectronicgadgets(Arts.1
    to41)allegedtobeseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibaba on 12.9.2013. He submitted that the contents of the
    documents allegedly seizedfromthe housesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibabahasnotbeenprovedbytheprosecutionandnowitnesswas
    examined by the prosecution to prove the contents of the said
    documentsanditistritethatanaccusedcannotbeconfrontedduring
    the questioning u/s 313 of Code of Criminal Procedure with any
    circumstanceswhichwerenotinevidence.Section313oftheCodeof
    CriminalProcedureisnotintendedtobeusedasaninterrogation.It
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    wasarguedthatthecontentsofthedocumentswhichhasnotbeen
    provedbytheprosecutionmaynotbepickedandputtotheaccused
    undersection313ofCodeofCriminalProcedureandcornerhimfor
    giving an answer favourable or unfavourable. This cannot be
    permittedbylaw. Insupporthissubmissionheplacedrelianceon
    thefollowingjudgments

    [i] The ApexCourt inthecaseof KalpanathRaivsState


    (ThroughCBI)reportedin(1997)8SCC732observedthat

    Cr.P.C. S.313 Examination of accused


    CircumstancesnotappearinginEvidencecannotbe
    puttotheaccusedLetterswrittenbytheaccusedto
    the Court from jail during pretrial periodLetters
    not adduced as evidence through any procedure
    knowntolawCourtnotjustifiedinputtingthose
    letterstotheaccusedduringhisexamination.

    [ii] BankofIndiav.M/s.AllibhoyMohammadreportedin
    AIR2008Bombay81itisheldthat:
    Thesettledprincipleoflawhasbeenapprovedby
    theBombayHighCourtWhereintheHonbleCourt
    held that Evidence Act, Ss.61,62,63Documentary
    EvidenceDocument produced as primary or
    SecondaryevidenceHastobeprovedinmannerlaid
    downinSs.67to73.Atpara25itwasheldthat:

    25. Where the execution of the document like


    promissory note was denied, it is required to be
    proved through the scribe, where the truth of the
    factsstatedintheaffidavitisinissuemereproofof
    handwritingandexecutionofthedocumentwould
    notfurnishevidenceofthetruthofthefactsstated
    inthedocumentorcontents.Truthorotherwiseof
    the facts or contents so stated would have to be
    provedbyadmissibleevidence,i.e.bytheevidence
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    of person who can vouchsafe for the truth of the


    facts in issue as held by the Apex Court in Ramji
    DayawalaandSonsPvt.Ltd.vs.InvestImport,AIR
    1981, SC 2085. Person with knowledge must be
    examined. Everydocumentshouldfirstbestarted
    bysomeproofbeforethepersonwhodisputedthat
    documentcaninanywaybeconsideredasproved
    because its genuineness is not disputed by the
    oppositeparty.Documentsdonotprovethemselves.

    Furtherinpara33itisheldthat

    33. Asalreadystatedhereinabovetheproduction
    ofthedocumentpurportingtohavebeensignedor
    written by a certain person is no evidence of its
    authorship.Itisnecessarytoprovetheirgenuiness
    andexecution.Proof,therefore,hastobegivenof
    the handwriting, signature and execution of a
    document.Nowritingcanbereceivedinevidence
    asagenuineone,andnoneasaforgeryuntilithas
    beenprovedtobeaforgery.Awritingbyitself,is
    not evidence of the one thing or the other. A
    writing, by itself, is evidence of nothing, and
    therefore is not, unless accompanied by proof of
    somesort,admissibleasevidence.

    [iii] RamjiDayawalaandSonsPvt.Ltd.vs.InvestImport,
    AIR1981,SC2085itisheldthat

    undoubtedly, if the truth of the facts stated in a


    documentisinissuemereproofofthehandwriting
    andexecutionofthedocumentwouldnotfurnish
    evidenceofthetruthofthefactsorcontentsofthe
    document. The truth or otherwise of the facts or
    contents so stated would have to be proved by
    admissible evidence i.e. by the evidence of those
    personswhocanvouchsafeforthetruthofthefacts
    inissue.
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    [iv] Sir
    Mohammed Yusuf and another v.
    D
    and another
    reportedinAIR1968BOMBAY112whereinitisheldthat

    (A) Evidence Act (1 of 1872), S.47, S.60, S.61,


    S.67 Proof of contents of document Proof of
    contents of documents by proving signature
    Whetherpermissible.

    Theevidenceofthecontentscontainedinthe
    document is hearsay evidence unless the writer
    thereofisexaminedbeforetheCourt.Anattemptto
    provethecontentsofthedocumentbyprovingthe
    signatureorthehandwritingoftheauthorthereof
    is to set at naught the well recognised rule that
    hearsay evidence cannot be admitted. AIR 1954
    Bom305,Rel.on;AIR1957SC857.Ref.

    Eveniftheentiredocumentisheldformally
    proved, that does not amount to a proof of the
    truth of the contents of the document. The only
    person competent to give evidence on the
    truthfulnessoftheContentsofthedocumentisthe
    writerthereof.

    Para 42 The reason on which the decision of


    Bhagwati, J. is based is not far to seek. The
    evidenceofthecontentscontainedinthedocument
    is hearsay evidence unless the writer thereof is
    examinedbeforetheCourt.We,therefore,holdthat
    theattempttoprovethecontentsofthedocument
    byprovingthesignatureorthehandwritingofthe
    author thereof is to set at nought the well
    recognised rule that hearsay evidence cannot be
    admitted. This question has been discussed by
    Halsbury at paragraph 533 at p. 294 (Halsbury's
    Law of England, 3rd Edition, Vol. 15) under the
    heading'Hearsay'SaysHalsbury:"......Statements
    in documents may also be hearsay. So, if A had
    takencounsel'sopinionbeforeacting,thecontents
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    of the opinion would be admissible for the same


    purpose, but not to prove the truth of any
    statement of fact therein". In paragraph (534)
    Halsburyhasdiscussedthereasonsforrejectionof
    hearsayevidenceandsays:"Thereasonsadvanced
    fortherejectionofhearsayarenumerous,among
    them being the irresponsibility of the original
    declarant,thedepreciationoftruthintheprocess
    ofrepetition,theopportunitiesforfraudwhichits
    admission would offer, and the waste of time
    involvedinlistening'toidlerumour.

    416] InviewoftheobservationsmadebytheApexCourtinthe
    case of Shamsher Singh Verma v. State of Haryana reported in
    2016Cri.L.J.364inparano.14observedthat

    The endorsement of admission or denial made by


    thecounselfordefence,onthedocumentfiledby
    the prosecution or on the application/report with
    which same is filed, is sufficient compliance of
    Section294ofCr.P.C.Similarlyonadocumentfiled
    bythedefenceendorsementofadmissionordenial
    by the public prosecutor is sufficient and defence
    willhavetoprovethedocumentifnotadmittedby
    theprosecution.

    417] Atthisjuncture,itisnecessarytoconsidertheratiolaid
    downby the ChhattisgarhHighCourt inthecaseof AsitKumar
    Sen Gupta v State of Chhattisgarh reported in 2012 Cri.L.J.
    (NOC)384(Chh)whereinitisobservedthat

    Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) S. 124A


    ChhattisgarhVisheshJansurakshaAdhiniyam(14of
    2006),S.8UnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act
    (37of1967),Ss.18,39(2)Chargeofsedition
    Proof Accused found exciting and encouraging
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    people to wage war against Govt. by armed


    rebellionLoadsofnaxalliteraturesseizedfrom
    possession of accused Accused used to invite
    people to join CPI (ML) Peoples War and CPI
    (Maoist)OrganisationsConvictionofaccusedfor
    offenceschargedproper.

    418] TheobservationofChattisgarhHighCourtinpara37,56,
    and57arematerial.Thesearereproducedareasunder

    37.Thereisothercorroborativematerialtosupport
    thefindingrecordedaboveinasmuchastheloads
    and loads of naxal literatures seized from the
    possessionoftheappellantcontainswriting,textof
    speeches etc. of naxal leaders/activists exhorting
    violence and revolution against the Government
    established by law by means of armed rebellion.
    Onesuchdocumentistitledas(Vernaularmatter
    omitted.ed.) to mean letter by the Company
    Commander from the war field. It is written by
    some `Hidmal and addressed to comrade
    `Jangudada and starts with`red salute.It gives
    graphicdescriptionofanincidentwhichtookplace
    at Errabore camp in the naxal affected area of
    DantewadainChhattisgarhinthemorningof9th
    July,2007.Itloudskillingofpolicemenwhichisa
    symbolatthatleveloftheGovernmentestablished
    by law. It also gives the details of arms and
    ammunitions looted from the police. There is
    another letter on record written by one Ganpati,
    GeneralSecretaryoftheCommunistPartyofIndia
    (Maoist)addressedtocomradeHidmalandSingla.
    This letter appears to be a reply to the letter
    written by Hidmal to Jangudada on 11th July,
    2007, contents of which have been mentioned
    above.Italsopraises/loudskillingofpolicemenat
    Errabore by referring to the incident which has
    taken place in different parts of the country like
    Kalinga Nagar, Singoore and Nandigram etc. The
    otherliteraturesinthenameof`LalPataka,`Lal
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    Chingari etc. have also been seized from the


    possessionoftheappellant.Onebookissuedbythe
    CPI(MarxistLeninist)hasalsobeenseizedwhich
    giveshistoryoftheorganization,itsgoalandthe
    constitutionofparty.Fromthesedocumentsalso,it
    clearly emerges that the appellant, who was
    inciting the witnesses to join naxal forces for
    wagingwaragainsttheGovernmentestablishedby
    law by means of armed rebellion was also in
    possessionofhugevolumesofnaxalliteraturesin
    which such articles louding naxal violence are
    contained. In viewof this,it cannot be saidthat
    presentisasimplecaseofapersonfoundtobein
    possession of some naxal literature or literature
    advocating leftist ideology as claimed by the
    appellant.

    56.InVolumeIIIofthepaperbookswhichhave
    beenpreparedfromthematerialstoredintheCPU
    of the computer belonging to the appellant,
    minutesofspecialconferenceofCPI(ML)Peoples
    Warisavailable.Thedocumentcontainsviewsof
    the delegates and formation of new Central
    Committee.Itspeaksofmilitarystrategyorpathof
    the Indian Revolution which is the path of
    protracted peoples war i.e. liberating the
    countrysidefirstthroughareawiseseizureofpower,
    establishing guerrilla zones and base areas and
    then encircling the cities and finally capturing
    power throughout the country. The document
    further declares It should be pointed out that
    destructionoftheenemyistheprimaryobjectof
    war and selfpreservation the secondary, because
    onlybydestroyingtheenemyinlargenumberscan
    one effectivelypreserve oneself.Therefore attack,
    the chief means of destroying the enemy, is
    primary,whiledefence,asupplementarymeansof
    destroying the enemy and a means of self
    preservation, is secondary. In actual warfare the
    chiefrole isplayedbydefence muchofthe time
    andbyattackfortherestofthetime,butifwaris
    taken as a whole, attack remains primary. This
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    documentisatpage706ofVolumeIIIofthepaper
    books.Atpage716,listofmartyrsofthepeoples
    warofNepalisprovided.Elsewhereinthevolume,
    supportprovidedbytheCPI(ML)PeoplesWarand
    MCCfromIndiahasbeengreetedbythebanned
    NepaliMaoist.

    57.VolumeVofthepaperbooksistranscriptofthe
    materialbytheCentralForensicLaboratorystored
    in the CPU found from the possession of the
    appellantwhichcontainsthedocumentsregarding
    building and development of Peoples Guerilla
    Army in India at page 1102. The press release
    issued by the CPI (Maoist) on 4122004 is
    availableatpage1138.Thispressreleasehasbeen
    issued by Ganapati, General Secretary, Central
    Committee(Provisional)ofCPI(Maoist).Thename
    ofthisGanapatiisfoundintwootherletterswhich
    thisCourthasalreadydiscussedinthepreceding
    partofthisjudgment.Atpage1141ofVolumeVof
    thepaperbooks,thedetailsofmeetingoftheJoint
    Central Committee held in September, 2004 is
    provided and the points of differences for the
    debate in the forth coming Congress of the CPI
    (Maoist)havebeenhighlighted.Thisdocumentis
    dated 10102005. Elsewhere also,theactivities,
    minutes,pointsofdebateetc.ofthemeetingofCPI
    (Maoist),aterroristorganizationasalsoabanned
    organizationarecontainedinthisvolume.Inmost
    of the documents, the revolutionary path
    undertaken by the Maoist which are popularly
    known as Naxalites waging Guerrilla war in the
    interior forest areas of the State has been
    appreciated and louded. The appellant claims
    himself to be a writer and has also published a
    booknamely`AWorldtoWin,theonlyissueof
    which was published probably in the year 2006,
    thoughtheentirebookisconspicuouslysilentasto
    thedateofpublicationorthedateofprintingetc.
    Neitherbeforenorafterthisissue,anyotherissue
    ofthemagazinehaseverseenthelightoftheday
    andthisfactiscandidlyadmittedbytheappellant
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    inhisexamination.

    419] Intheabovereportedcaseseveralletters,correspondence
    between members of banned organization were seized from the
    possession of accused and further CPU containing several text
    documentswasseizedfromhousesearchofaccusedandtheCPUwas
    send to CFL, Hyderabad and CFL Hyderabad retrieved the text
    documents contained in CPU and transcripts of those were made
    availablebeforetheCourtandtheCourtreliedonthesaidtranscripts
    asadocumentsaddressedbyaccused.

    420] Thefactsofthepresentcaseandfactsofthecasecited
    supraaresame.InthepresentcasenaxalpamphletsArticles139to
    141wereseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedNo.1to3.Further
    fromthepossessionofaccusedPrashantRahi8documentsrelatingto
    naxalliteraturealongwithtypewrittenpapersofundertrialMaoist
    leader Narayan Sanyal at Art.130A were seized. From the house
    search of accused Saibaba, the letter dated 31 July 2012, printed
    letterdated7June2012ofGreenhuntoperationofRDF,15pages
    writtenonPeopleHeroComradeKishanji,informationbooknamedas
    Thearrested,peoplemarchdt8August2007,bookletmagzine39
    and41,42,printedtelugubook,colourphotoofnaxal,bookletLal
    Salam,prashenbabuMaowadiNahiandTelugumagzineetc.were
    seized. Besides,this the16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompany
    containing text documents seized from the possession of accused
    No.3 Hem Mishra vide panchanama Exh.137 was sent to CFSL,
    MumbaiforexaminationandtheCFSL,Mumbaiexaminedthesame
    andsentthemirrorcopiesofthetextdocumentscontainedin16GB
    memorycardtoSDPOSuhasBawche. Hehadtakenouttheprint
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    outsof5documentsArt.17to21andthoseweresenttoCFSLfor
    certificationtoCFSL,MumbaiandP.W.21BhaveshNikamcertifiedthe
    sameandfowardedtoP.W.11BawchealongwithCFSLreportExh.266.

    421] Theharddiscscontainingtextdocuments,videoclipsand
    photographsweresenttoCFSLforexaminationandCFSL,Mumbai
    examined the same and forwarded the mirror copies of text
    documentsintheharddisks. Thereafter,P.W.11SuhasBawchetook
    outprintoutsabout247pagesfromthemirrorimagessuppliedto
    himandsentittoCFSL,MumbaiforcertificationandP.W.21Bhavesh
    Nikam certified the same and forwarded to P.W.11 Suhas Bawche
    alongwithCFSLreportExh.267.InviewofobservationofChhatisgarh
    HighCourtinAsit'scase(citedsupra),thosedocumentscanberead
    inevidence.

    422] Atthisjuncture,itisnecessarytoconsidertheratiolaid
    downinthecaseof AshishC.Shahv.
    M/s.ShethDevelopersPvt.

    Ltd.andOrsreportedin2011Cr.L.J.3565whereinitisobserved
    inpara12that
    (E)EvidenceAct(1of1872),S.135Examination
    ofwitnessesProsecutioncanneveraskaccusedto
    enterintowitnessboxaswitnessofprosecutionIt
    isagainstbasicprinciplesofcriminaljurisprudence.
    (Para12)

    Para 12. The learned Counsel for the petitioner


    vehementlycontendedthatthedocumentcouldnot
    beadmittedinevidenceunlessauthorofthesame
    was examined before the Court and in support of
    this contention, he relied upon Vishwanath Rai v.
    Sachhidamand Singh, AIR 1971 SC 1949. In that
    case, witness of one party deposed that a letter
    writtenbyoneStohimhadbeenreceivedbyhim.
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    TheSupremeCourtheldthatburdenliesonother
    sidetoproveitsallegationthattheletterwasnot
    writtenbySorthatitwaswrittenincollusionwith
    Sandthewitness.However,theSupremeCourtalso
    heldthattheletterisrelevantandadmissibletothe
    extentofthefactthatSwrotesuchalettertothe
    witness with its contents. However, correctness of
    thecontentsoftheletterwouldbeprovedonlyby
    examiningSasawitnessbecausehewastheauthor.
    Inthepresentcase,theauthorandsignatoriesofthe
    abovereferredtwolettersareaccusedNos.1and2.
    Theletterspurportingtohavebeensignedandsent
    bythemwerereceivedbytheManagingDirectorof
    the complainant and this fact is deposed to by
    witnessSharadDoshi.Inviewofthis,iftheaccused
    personsallegethatthesaidletterswerenotsigned
    and sent by the accused persons, burden lies on
    them to prove the same. The contention of the
    learnedCounselthatthecontentsofthisdocument
    andthetruthforthesamecannotbeprovedwithout
    examining the author of the same is against the
    basic principles of criminal jurisprudence, because
    prosecutioncanneverasktheaccusedtoenterinto
    witnessboxasawitnessofprosecution.Infact,the
    accusedcannotbecalledinthewitnessboxevenas
    defencewitnessunlesshemakesawrittenrequest
    forthesame.Notonlythis,eveninthestatement
    under Sec. 313, Cr.P.C. wherein the incriminating
    circumstancesarerequiredtobeputtotheaccused
    toenable himtoexplainthesame,theaccusedis
    not bound to answer those questions, though the
    Courtmaydrawadverseinferenceagainsthimifhe
    keepsquiet.Insuchcircumstances,tosuggestthat
    thedocumentwrittenbyandsignedbytheaccused
    couldnotbeprovedwithoutexaminingtheaccused
    aswitnessoftheprosecutionisagainstthesettled
    positionoflawandthereforethiscontentionofthe
    learned Counsel for the petitioner is liable to be
    rejected.
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    423] Thefactsofthecasescitedsupraandthecaseinhandare
    identical.Inthepresentcase,thedocumentscontainedinelectronic
    data contained in CDs, DVDs, pendrives and harddisks and data
    containedin16GBmemorycardwasfoundintheharddisksseized
    fromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6andseveralletterswrittenby
    accusedno.6SaibababyusinghispseudonamePrakashaddressedto
    ComradesofCPI(Maoist)werefoundinharddisksaswellasin16
    GBmemorycardcardandifheallegesthatthesaidletterswerenot
    signedorsentbyhim,burdenofprovingthesameisontheaccused
    asthesaidfactiswellwithintheknowledgeoftheaccused.Hence,in
    viewofjudgmentofApexCourtinthecaseof AshishC.Shahv
    ShethDevelopersPvt.Ltd.reportedin2011CRILJ3565,(cited
    supra),itisnotthedutyofprosecutiontoasktheaccusedtoenter
    intowitnessboxaswitnessofprosecution.

    424] In view of above I have no hesitation to hold that the


    electronic data in text form contained in 16 GB memorycard of
    Sandisk company seized from the personal search of accused no.3
    HemMishraandelectronicdataintext,videoclipsandphotographs
    found in Articles 1 to 41 CDs, DVDs,pendrives,harddisksseized
    from the house search of accused no.6 Saibaba can be read in
    evidence.

    425] Itisimportanttonotethatwhenthedocumentsare
    provedaccordingtothelawitcanbereadinevidence.Meremarking
    thedocumentswithArticlesnumberdoesnotprecludetheCourtfrom
    takingintoconsiderationwhenitisdulyproved.Asdiscussedabove,
    themirrorcopiesofdatacontainedintextformin16GBmemory
    cardofSandiskcompanyseizedfrompersonalsearchofaccusedno.3
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    287 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Hem Mishra were filed by prosecution alongwith CFSL report at


    Exh.266 and those were prepared by P.W.21 Bhavesh Nikam by
    retrievingthedatacontainedintextformfromthe16GBmemory
    cardofSandiskcompanyandthesaid16GBmemorycardofSandisk
    companyisapartofmuddemalpropertyanditisbeforetheCourt
    andatthetimeofrecordingofstatementundersection313ofCode
    ofCriminalProcedureofaccusedno.3HemMishrathesaiddocument
    wasopenedonthelaptopoftheCourtinthepresenceofaccused
    no.3 Hem Mishra, his Advocate Shri Gadling and Spl PP Shri
    Sathainathan and it was compared alongwith the mirrorcopies of
    Articles no.A17 to A21 attached to CFSL report Exh.266. Same
    procedurewasadoptedinrespectofviewingthedatacontainedin
    audio,videoandtextforminCDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddisksat
    Arts.no.1to41seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    and to that effect the prosecution filed on record the CFSL report
    Exh.267containingpages247.

    426] FurthertheprintoutsofArt.147to164weretakenatthe
    instanceoftheaccusedvideapplicationExh.246andtheprintouts
    weretakenfromoriginalharddiskproducedbeforetheCourtandthe
    datacontainedinsaidelectronicgadgetswasviewedinpresenceof
    learneddefenceAdvocateShriGadling,SplPPShriSathainathanand
    accused.Hence,meremarkingofsomedocumentsasArticlenumber
    does not debar the court from reading the said document in the
    evidence. Though, the saiddocumentswere markedasarticlesas
    discussed above they were proved properly. At this juncture it is
    necessarytoconsiderratiolaiddownbytheBombayHighCourtin
    caseofBamaKathariPatil.v.RohidasArjunMadhaviandanother
    reportedin2004(2)Mh.L.J.752whereinitisobservedthat
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    288 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Civil Procedure Code, O.13, R.4 Proof of


    document Exhibitingofdocumentincourtisan
    administrativeactIthasnothingtodowithproof.

    Exhibitingofdocumentisanadministrativeact. A
    document which is produced in the Court is
    ordinarily exhibited only after its proof. But,
    exhibiting a document does not mean that the
    documentisprovedandnonexhibitingadocument
    doesnotmeanthatthedocumentisnotproved.A
    document is required to be proved in accordance
    withtheprovisionsoftheEvidenceAct.Merely,for
    administrativeconvenienceoflocatingoridentifying
    adocument,itisgivenanexhibitnumberincourts.
    Exhibitingadocumenthasnothingtodowiththe
    proofthough,asamatterofconvenience,onlythe
    proved documents are exhibited. Since, the
    documentinquestionhasbeenexhibitedafterthe
    crossexaminationoftheplaintiff,itisopentothe
    petitioner/defendant to contend at the stage of
    arguments that the document (agreement) though
    exhibited has not been proved by the plaintiff in
    accordancewithlaw.(Paras3and4).

    427] Further the Madras High Court in the case of K.


    RamajayamaliasAppuvInspectorofPolicereportedin2016
    Cri.L.J.1542, inpara8observedthatArticleslikememorycard,
    HardDisc,CD,Pendrive,etc.containingrelevantdatainelectronic
    formaredocumentsasdefinedunderS.3albeit,markingthemas
    material objects. After all, nomenclature cannot have effect of
    alteringcharacteristicsofobject. Inviewofabovedocumentsitis
    clearthatthedatacontainedintext,videoclips,photographscanbe
    consideredasevidenceinthiscase.

    428] Theincriminatingevidenceintextformcontainedin16
    GB memorycard of Sandisk company which was seized from the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    289 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    possessionofaccusedno.3HemMishrawhichareatArticlesA17to
    A21asunder:

    Documentsinrespectofaccusedno.3HemMishrafoundin16
    GBmemorycardofSandiskCompanyseizedfromhispossession.

    429] ProsecutionhasreliedontheprintoutsAnnexuresArt.A
    17toA21takenoutfrom16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompany
    seizedfrom the possessionofaccusedno.3HemMishrawhichare
    produced alongwith CFSL report Exh.266 shows the incriminating
    materialagainsttheaccusedwhichareasfollows:

    (1) Onperusalofprintoutofletterat Art.A17 of


    Exh.266 (in Hindi language) addressed to Lal
    Salam by J.V. about the Uttara Khand that the
    position of Uttara Khand was not proper and
    therefore,somedifficultiesaroseintheworkofparty
    andhealongwithoneotherpersonremovedfrom
    theparty andthereasonforremovalisthelower
    levelandinspiteofthatheisworkingintheparty
    honestly.Itwasfurthersuggestedtointerfereinthe
    matterinordertosolvetheproblems.Thisletteris
    in Hindi language. Contents of the same read as
    under:
    LkkFkh]
    yky lyke]! vk'kk gS vki LoLFk gksaxs] ;agk Uk es
    fLFkrh;k fBd ugh py jgh gS] iqjkuh leL;k cuh gqbZ gSA
    ftlds dkj.k dke es dbZ ck/kk vk jgh gSA nqljs lkfFk;ksa
    dk n`Vhdksu tu laxBu o tu vkUnksyu ds izfr igys
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    290 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    tSlk gh gSA ftlds dkj.k vUrj fojks/k iSnk gks jgs gSA
    eq>s o pk- dks Pus fudyk fn;k gSA fudkyus ds fiNs tks
    dkj.k gS og cgwr gh fupys ntsZ ds >wBs vkjksi gSA tcfd
    mu lkfFk;ks dks n`Vhdksu rks igys tSlk gh cuk gqvk gSA
    mu lkfFk;ksa dh xyfr;ksa ckotwn ge dke dks pyk;s gq;s
    gSA ysfdu U.K. dh ifjfLFkrh;ks o tu laxBuks o tu
    vkUnksyu ds izfr muds lafdu lksp ds dkj.k dke dks
    vkxs c<kus es fnDdrs vk jgh gSA ftlds ckjs es cgl
    pyk;h x;h rks fyf[kr cgl pyk;h x;h rks ge nksuks
    dks fudky fn;k x;k gSA blds ckotqn ge nksuks lefiZr
    Hkko ls dke dj jgs gSA
    vki ls vuqjks/k gS fd vki bles rRdky gLr{ksi dj
    leL;k ds lek/kku djs ftlls dke dks vkxs c<kus es vk
    jgh fnDdrs nwj dh tk ldsA vHkh eS cgwr gh la{ksi es
    vkiuh ckr fy[k jgk gwWa] vk'kk gS vki iqjkuh leL;k dh
    otg dks tkurs gS blfy;s leL;k dks vPNh rjgls le{k
    x;s gksaxsA
    yky lyke
    t-ch-
    (2) On perusal of Art.A18 of Exh.266 it reveals
    that it is addressed to Jan Sanghathan and
    SanyuktaMorchabyN.R.B.inwhichitissuggested
    tomakeeffortabout strengtheningandexpanding
    the party and to struggle against repression, in
    developing campaigns and unlawful organization
    and lastly to support all antiimperialist struggles
    and peoples' wars on the international level. The
    saidletterisinHindilanguagewhichisreproduced
    asunder:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    291 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    tul ax Buks a vkS j l a; q D r eks p kZ l ax Buks a es a


    dk;Z j r dkejs M ks a ds uke ,u-vkj-ch- dk i=

    gekjh ikVhZ ] mld s u sr ` R o e s a tkjh kfUrdkjh


    vkUnk sy u vkS j vU;kU; tukUnk sy uk s a ij jkT; d s
    ccZ j o pkS r jQk vke.k ijkLr dju s g sr q turk
    dk s rS ; kj dj s a !

    ikVhZ vkS j ih,yth, dk s kfDrkkyh dju s g sr q


    turk dh lf; Hk wf edk dk s lq f ufpr dj s a vkS j
    kfUrdkjh tuvkUnk sy uk s a dk s ubZ m aW pkb;k s a rd
    fodflr dj s a !!

    fn- 18@8@2013

    fiz; dkejsMks]
    vki lHkh vPNh rjg tkurs gSa fd vkt gekjh ikVhZ] ih,yth,
    vkSj kfUrdkjh tuleqnk; ij] gekjh ikVhZ ds usr`Ro esa tkjh kfUrdkjh
    vkUnksyu ij vkSj lkFk gh vU;kU; tuvkanksyuksa ij jkT; dk ,d
    pkSrjQk] ccZj o vR;Ur gh fgalz vke.k iwjs tksj&kksj ls py jgk gSA
    gekjs f[kykQ vkSj Hkkjr dh kfUrdkjh turk ds f[kykQ bl
    neu&vfHk;ku dk tks nk;jk gS] mldh tks rhozrk gS] u`kalrk gS vkSj
    bl e esa jkT; us viuh ehfM;k o lkL= cyksa lfgr ftruh T;knk
    kfDr dks dsfUnzr fd;k gS] 1947 ds ckn vkt rd ds lewps bfrgkl esa
    oSlk dHkh ugha gqvkA ;kuh ;g ekewyh neu&vfHk;ku ugha gS cfYd gekjs
    f[kykQ o kfUrdkjh tuleqnk; ds f[kykQ jkT; }kjk NsM+k x;k
    lpeqp dk ,d ;q) gSA vius geykoj rsoj] [kqfQ;k foHkkxksa] lkL=
    cyksa dh rSukrh] ok;qlsuk ds iz;ksx] bu lcds chp dks&vkfMZusku]
    Iykfuax] dek.M vkfn lHkh phtksa esa ;g vfHk;ku vius vki esa vHkwriwoZ
    gS vkSj Hkkjrh; turk vkt ,d pje izfrf;koknh ;q) dk lkeuk dj
    jgh gSA

    lPpkbZ dk nwljk igyw ;g gS fd vkt Hkkjr dk kfUrdkjh


    dE;qfuLV vkUnksyu ftl eqdke ij tk igqapk gS] og Hkh vius&vki
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    292 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    vHkwriwoZ gSA gekjs nsk ds dE;qfuLV vkUnksyu ds 85 lky ds bfrgkl esa


    ,slk nskO;kih mHkkj dHkh ugha fn[kkA pkj nkdksa ds dE;qfuLV
    kfUrdkjh la?k"kksa o oxZ;q) ds vuqHkoksa ls ySl rFkk ekysek dks
    l`tukRed :i ls ykxw djus esa leFkZ ,d vf[ky Hkkjrh; Lo:i okyh
    kfUrdkjh dE;qfuLV ikVhZ] turk ds Lusg o lf; leFkZu o Hkkxhnkjh
    ij vk/kkfjr cM+s Qkjeskuksa rFkk mUur gfFk;kjksa o ;q)dyk ls ySl ,d
    etcwr ih,yth, vkSj ntZuksa jkT;ksa esa QSyh tkx:d laxfBr o lkL=
    turk] ,d foLrkfjr gksrs tkus okyk fokky o O;kid vkUnksyu] dbZ
    xqfjYyk tksu] ogka iuirh] lqn`<+ gksrh o fodflr gksrh turk dh
    kfUrdkjh jktuhfrd lRrk] nskO;kih xgu o fokky jktuhfrd
    izHkko&;s lc vius dbZ nkdksa ds la?k"kksZa ds nkSjku feyh gekjh vHkwriwoZ
    miyfC/k;ka gSaA

    gekjh ikVhZ] mlds usr`Ro esa tkjh vkUnksyu vkSj oxZ&kks"k.k]


    tqYe o vR;kpkj ij vk/kkfjr lM+h&xyh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk dkss m[kkM+
    Qsaddj turk dh ,d u;h tuoknh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk ds Hkzw.k dk
    fodkl o foLrkj us kkld oxksZa dks iwjh rjg vkrafdr dj Mkyk gSA
    muds }kjk gekjs f[kykQ pyk;k tk jgk ;g izfrkfUrdkjh ;q) muds
    blh vkrad o cngoklh dk izrhd gS] mudh detksjh dk izrhd gSA

    ge tkurs gSa fd gekjh nsk dh kfUr nh?kZdkyhu yksd;q) ds


    jkLrs vkxs c<+ jgh gSA nh?kZdkyhu yksd;q) dk Lo:i gh ,slk gksrk gS
    fd nqeu ge ij ckj&ckj ?ksjk Mkyks] foukk djks dh eqfge pykrk gS
    vkSj ge ml eqfge ijkLr djrs gq,] viuh vkRexr rkdrksa dk laj{k.k
    vkSj mudh o`f) o fodkl djrs gq, vkxs c<+rs tkrs gSaA ;kuh ?
    ksjko&neu eqfgeksa dk pyk;k tkuk vkSj bUgsa ijkLr djrs gq, vkxs c<+rs
    tkuk nh?kZdkyhu yksd;q) dk Bksl Lo:i ;gh gksrk gSA gj ?ksjko&neu
    dks lQyrkiwoZd ijkLr djus ds tfj, gh yksd;q) u;s pj.k esa Nykax
    yxkdj mUur gksrk gSA ;gka Hkh fuLlansg vHkh ds bl ?ksjko&neu
    vfHk;ku dks
    lQyrkiwoZd ijkLr djus ds tfj, gekjh ikVhZ] ih,yth, vkSj blds
    usr`Ro esa pyk;k tk jgk yksd;q) Hkh Nykax yxkdj ubZ eafty esa
    mUur gksxkA
    bl geys ds Lo:i] dkj.kksa vkSj gekjs vke o Bksl dk;ZHkkjksa ds
    ckjs esa gekjh dsUnzh; desVh us dbZ ekxZnkZu fn;s gSaA fQj tulaxBu o
    la;qDr ekspkZ laxBuksa esa dk;Zjr lkfFk;ksa ds fy, lsUVy lqdkseks us Hkh
    ysVj vkfn tkjh fd;k gSA mUgha dh jkskuh esa gesa vius C;wjks] jkT;ksa o
    vU;kU; dk;Z{ks=ksa dh Bksl ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, bl ccZj o
    pkSrjQk geys dks ijkLr djus gsrq vke o Bksl rFkk nh?kZdkfyd o
    QkSjh dk;ZHkkj r; djus gksaxs] mUgsa iwjk djus ds fy, Bksl rkSj&rjhds
    viukus gksaxs rFkk ;kstuk,a cukuh gksaxhA
    lewps nsk esa gh tkjh vkSj [kkldj gekjs dsUnzh; {ks=ksa esa dsfUnzr
    bl ccZj o pgqaeq[kh izfrf;koknh geys ds en~nsutj gekjh ,uvkjch
    ds lHkh jkT;ksa ds tulaxBuksa o la;qDr ekspkZ laxBuksa esa dk;Zjr lkfFk;ksa
    ds lkeus eq[;&eq[; dk;ZHkkj fuEu :i esa lkeus vkrs gSa &
    1- bl geys ds f[kykQ O;kid turk dks] fofHkUu tuoknh o
    izxfrkhy] nskHkDr] U;k;ilan fofHkUu laxBuksa] xzqiksa o O;fDr;ksa dks
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    xksycan djuk( lHkh Lrjksa ij fofHkUu fdLe ds neu fojks/kh


    LFkk;h&vLFkk;h eapksa o la;qDr Qksjeksa ds tfj, O;kidre kfDr;ksa dks
    lkFk ysdj neu&fojks/kh dkjZokb;ksa dks ,d lgh rkyesy ds lkFk vkxs
    c<+kukA
    2- bl geys ds ,d izeq[k Hkkx ds :i esa k=q us gekjs f[kykQ ,d
    tcnZLr nq"izpkj o dqRlk vfHk;ku pyk j[kk gSA bl e esa mlus
    ehfM;k ds ,d cgqr cM+s fgLls dks gekjs f[kykQ >ksad fn;k gSA gesa
    viuh iwjh rkdr ls bl nq"izpkj o dqRlk vfHk;ku dk HkaMkQksM+ djuk
    pkfg,A bl e esa flQZ gesa vius ehfM;k&ra= ij gh ugha fuHkZj jguk
    pkfg, cfYd izpfyr ehfM;k dk Hkh ;FkklaHko Hkjiwj mi;ksx djuk
    pkfg,A lkFk gh vU;kU; lHkh fe= kfDr;ksa o ldkjkRed kfDr;ksa ds
    lkFk feydj ,d csgrj rkyesy ds lkFk vius tokch izpkj&vfHk;ku
    dks yxkrkj pykrs jgus dh t:jr gSA bls gj oDr o fujarj fd;s
    tkus okys ,d loZdkfyd dke ds :i esa ysuk gksxkA
    3- gekjs izpkj esa bl izfrf;koknh geys ds eq[; dkj.k ds :i esa
    lkezkT;okn ,oa nyky&ukSdjkkg&iwathifr oxZ }kjk ou&lEink o
    [kfut&lEink ds nksgu dk loky eq[; :i ls lkeus mNyk gSA
    Hkkjrh; kkld oxZ ywVuk pkgrs gSa vxk/k ou&[kfut&ty lEink dksA
    ekvksoknh blesa ck/kk gSaA blhfy, muds lQk;s dh ;g ;kstuk yh xbZ
    gS] ;g izpkj eq[; cuk gSA gekjs izpkj esa Hkh ;gh igyw egRo ik jgk
    gSA blds vykok nwljk lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ igyw] ;kuh gekjk vkUnksyu
    bl kks"k.k] xSjcjkcjh] vU;k; o tqYe dh bl jktuhfrd O;oLFkk ds
    f[kykQ ,d lgh tuoknh O;oLFkk dk u;k fodYi Hkkjrh; turk ds
    le{k isk dj jgk gS] vkSj bl oSdfYid ekMy turkuk ljdkj ds
    mn~Hko] fodkl o lqn`<+hdj.k us mUgsa bruk cngokl cuk fn;k gS] ;g
    de egRo ik jgk gSA gesa vius izpkj esa lkezkT;okn vkSj muds nyky
    oxksZa dh bl lM+s&xys ekStwnk tufojks/kh fodYi ds cjDl kfUrdkjh
    fodYi] muds izfrf;koknh fodkl ds cjDl turk ds okLrfod
    fodkl ds ekMy dks] tks fd turkuk ljdkjsa dj jgh gSa] etcwrh ls
    lkeus ykuk gksxkA bl ckr dks etcwrh ls j[kuk gksxk dh ekStwnk
    izfrfd;koknh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk esa dksbZ okLrfod tui{kh; fodkl gks
    gh ugha ldrk vkSj blds fy, bl O;oLFkk dks m[kkM+ Qsaddj turk
    dh tuoknh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk dh LFkkiuk t:jh gSA
    4- ;g neu&vfHk;ku cM+h la[;k esa fofHkUu rcdksa o kfDr;ksa dks
    gekjh vksj /kdsy jgk gSA jktlRrk ds ccZj o c<+rs QkWlhoknh :[k ds
    pyrs fofHkUu fdLe dh kfDr;ka vkSj Hkh T;knk blds f[kykQ mHkj jgh
    gSaA gesa bl QkWlhoknh] lqn`<+ gksrs iqfyfl;k jkT; ds f[kykQ mHkj jgh
    fofHkUu kfDr;ksa dks vius i{k esa thr ysus okyh uhfr;ka ysuh gksaxhA
    ;kstukc) :i ls mUgsa fofHkUu LFkk;h&vLFkk;h ekspksZa o la;qDr
    xfrfof/k;ksa esa kkfey djuk gksxk] mUgsa lkFk ysdj yEcs le; rd pyus
    yk;d t:jh /kS;Z o yphysiu dk iznkZu djuk gksxkA bl ekeys esa
    gekjh vke uhfr gksxh&lHkh jSfMdy rkdrksa dks ,dtwV djks] chp dh
    e/;orhZ kfDr;ksa ds lkFk ,drkc) gks tkvks vkSj eqV~BhHkj dV~Vjrkoknh
    kfDr;ksa dks vyxko esa Mky nks !
    5- bl e esa gesa k=q [kses ij Hkh iwjh rjg fuxkg j[kuh gksxh vkSj
    muds chp ds NksVs ls NksVs vUrjfojks/k dk Hkh bLrseky djuk gksxkA
    bl ekeys esa ladh.kZrkoknh vkSj dBeqYykoknh utfj;k gekjs fy, ?kkrd
    lkfcr gksxkA
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    6- bal neu&vfHk;ku dks ijkLr djus dk loky eq[;r% bal ckr


    ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd ge u;s&u;s ;q) ds ekspsZ fdrus de le; esa
    fdruh T;knk la[;k esa [kksy ikrs gSaA ;kuh d`f"k kfUrdkjh Nkikekj
    ;q) dks u;s&u;s {ks=ksa esa fufeZr o fodflr djuk loZizeq[k dk;ZHkkj gSA
    blds fy, gesa pqfuUnk {ks=ksa esa de ls de le; esa rS;kfj;ksa dks iwjk
    djuk gksxkA gekjs tulaxBuksa o la;qDr ekspkZ laxBuksa esa dk;Zjr
    dkejsM LFkkuh; ikVhZ&laxBuksa ls lgh o fu;fer rkyesy fodflr
    djrs gq, fdrus de&ls&de le; esa mDr {ks=ksa esa mijksDr rS;kfj;ksa
    dks iwjk djus esa tulaxBuksa o tuvkanksyuksa dks ;Fkksfpr Hkwfedk esa
    mrkj ikrs gSa] ;g igyw vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk;sxkA ;kuh lHkh
    {ks=ksa esa ikVhZ] ih,yth,] kfUrdkjh tuvkUnksyu o kfUrdkjh lqxfBr
    tuk/kkj cukus o fodflr djus ij ,d le;c) o ;kstukc) <ax ls
    [kqn dks vkSj viuh kfDr;ksa dks dsfUnzr djuk vHkh vkids izeq[k
    dk;ZHkkjksa esa ls ,d gSA bal ekeys esa lHkh usr`Rodkjh dkejsMksa dks ,d
    {ks= pqudj ogka ekMy fodflr djus dk VkjxsV ysuk pkfg,A
    7- gekjs C;wjks ds dk;Z{ks= dk vf/kdkak fgLlk eSnkuh {ks= gS] tgka
    djksM+ksa&djksM+ fdlku clrs gSaA ;kuh nh?kZdkyhu yksd;q) dks ckj&ckj
    ds neu&vfHk;kuksa dk eqdkcyk djrs gq, vkxs c<+krs tkus ds vxk/k
    tulzksr o vU;kU; lzksrksa ls ;g {ks= dkQh le`) gSA vr% vHkh ls gekjs
    dsUnzh; bykdksa ds la?k"kksZa dks vkxs c<+kus ds fy, t:jh gj fdLe dh
    enn nsus o t:jrksa dh vkiwfrZ djus dk cM+k dk;ZHkkj gekjs dk;Z{ks=ksa
    ij gSA bl e esa tulaxBuksa o ekspkZ laxBuksa dh] muesa dk;Zjr
    dkejsMksa dh] lalk/kuksa dk fodkl djus vkSj mUgsa ;Fkksfpr {ks=ksa esa
    vkiwfrZ djus esa cM+h Hkwfedk gSA mlds fy, gj {ks= o ekspsZ ij mijh
    dkejsM mijh t:jrksa dks j[ksa rFkk uhps ds laxBu rn~uqlkj Bksl
    ;kstuk cukosa!
    8- lkezkT;okn vkSj muds nyky oxksZa ds vkt ds nkSj ds geyksa dk
    ;g {ks= dkQh fkdkj gSA foLFkkiu] jkstxkj dk foukk] lalk/kuksa dh ywV
    ;gka cM+s iSekus ij gks jgh gS rFkk ;g vkSj Hkh c<+sxhA lkFk gh lkearh
    neu mRihM+u rks pje ij gS ghA fQj vkt ds bal neu ds f[kykQ Hkh
    ;gka ,d ekgkSy cuk gSA bu lHkh phtksa ds en~nsutj gekjs dk;Z{ks=ksa
    esa ,d&,d {ks= pqudj ogka dkejsM [kqn dks dsfUnzr djsaA ykyx<+ ds
    ekWMy ls lh[krs gq, gesa bu eSnkuh {ks=ksa esa kfUrdkjh tumHkkjksa o
    kfUrdkjh tukvkUnksyuksa ds u;s&u;s fcUnqvksa dks czsd djuk gksxkA bal
    pkSrjQk geys dks ijkLr djus esa ;s u;s&u;s la?k"kZ ds fcUnq cM+h Hkwfedk
    fuHkk;saxsA
    9- neu dh gj ?kVuk dks bl vke.k ls tksM+rs gq, gesa gj {ks=
    esa u;h&u;h igy ysuh gksxhA T;knk&ls&T;knk jktuhfrd gLr{ksi
    djus gksaxsA
    10- mijksDr dk;ZHkkjksa dks iwjk djus dk lkjk nkjksenkj bal ckr ij
    fuHkZj djrk gS fd ge tulaxBuksa o la;qDr ekspkZ laxBuksa esa lHkh Lrjksa
    ij dk;Zjr usr`Ro o drkj dh oSpkfjd] jktuhfrd] lkaxBfud o
    vU;kU; O;kogkfjd ;ksX;rkvksa dk fdruk fodkl dj ikrs gSaA gekjs fy,
    ;g QkSjh rkSj ij t:jh gS fd ge mudh desfV;ksa dks lHkh {ks=ksa esa
    vkRefuHkZj] leFkZ o lf; cuk;sa] mudh QaDkfuax dks fu;fer o lqpk:
    cuk ik;saA vr% lHkh Lrj ds ikVhZ o tulaxBuksa ds usr`Rodkjh dkejsMksa
    dks bal dke dks] ;kuh viuh drkj dh jktuhfrd&O;ogkfjd
    fk{k.k&izfk{k.k ds dk;Z dks lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ dk;Z ds :i esa ysuk
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    gksXkkA blds fy, lHkh Lrjksa ij lgh i)fr ysuh gksxh rFkk Bksl
    ;kstuk,a cukuh gkasxhA

    dkejsMksa] vkt ftruk tcjnLr vke.k gekjs f[kykQ tkjh gS] mruk
    gh og T;knk izfroknh o izfrjks/kh rkdrksa dks lkeus ykrk tk jgk gS
    vkSj yk;sxkA dk- ekvks us dgk gS fd ftruk gh T;knk neu&mRihM+u]
    mruk gh tcjnLr izfrjks/kA
    vkb,] ge lHkh izfroknh o izfrjks/k dh rkdrksa dks xksycan dj kkld
    oxZ ds bl ccZj o pkSrjQk vke.k dks ijkLr djsa vkSj lewps nsk esa
    kfUrdkjh vkUnksyu dks u;h apkb;ksa rd fodflr djsa!

    kfUrdkjh vfHkoknu ds lkFk


    ,u-vkj-ch-

    (3) Art.A19ofExh.266istitledas

    Oppose the Government's ongoing war against the people


    of Garhchiroli district !
    Condemn the brutal attacks on people, mass leaders and
    people's warriors.
    Propose the happening massacres in the name of
    encounters and take initiative to put forth the
    Government's cruelty before society !

    Dear friends red salute !

    Indian revolutionary movement has come to a


    juncture where the ruling classes considering it as a biggest
    threat for then. It does mean that it, with its all strength will
    try to suppress the revolutionary movement, it does also mean
    that the Maoists revolutionary line has been proved. It has
    really become a challenge for class enemies. Though the
    people's war, till date has been brought up to this juncture, if it
    has to take towards victory, and to make people free from the
    clutches of imperialism, comprador capitalism, and feudalism
    then all the people's movements and its supporters, those who
    uphold people's side should fight coherently with co-
    ordination co-operation and united. The government's
    policies till date, a crisis ridden capitalist system never before
    has huge impact over the lives of people. Due to this huge
    unrest among people is clearly visible. Consequently, people's
    movements in various forms all over India are emerging. Our
    Maharashtra is not far from this.

    Whether it is movement under Maoist leadership or


    under any other leadership, the government has begun its
    repression all over in the name of operation green hunt the all
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    out repression since 2009. This repression has a single aspect


    i.e. suppressing the mass movement weather urban or rural.
    The government has got a single policy i.e. cruelly
    suppressing the voice of the people. This repression
    campaign of the government has been called war on people by
    the intellectuals.

    We politically analyze this onslaught in two points.


    1. On political scenario CPI (Maoist) has been emerged as
    a major struggling and a strong people's power. It has a clear,
    reconcilable strategy and tactics which has a leading
    capability and evolved encountering so many reverses in the
    last 44 years. It has people's liberation guerilla army to carry
    on political work on behalf of people. The Jantana Sarkar the
    embryonic from of people's power (jansatta) has been
    established in guerilla zones. The end of political power of
    the comprador bureaucratic capitalists and feudal classes is
    inevitable if the people's unrest and mass struggles have been
    turned into revolutionary struggles.

    2. The areas where the mass movements under the


    leadership of CPI (maoist) is strong, is the richest part of the
    country in terms of minerals and natural wealth. The Indian
    ruling classes have sold out this invaluable wealth to the
    imperialists at the throw out prices in order to come out of
    economic crisis. In this regard hundreds of MOU's were
    signed but due to Maoists this loot if happened to be
    impossible.

    The governments attacks are continue on the


    peoples of Garhchiroli district. People, various organizations
    of the people (particularly DAKMS, AKMS, BAL
    SANGHTANA, KAMS and jantana sarkar etc.) and people's
    army PLGA are united resisting this onslaught. When so
    much fierce battle in rural India has been taking place,
    martyrs blood is flowing for the freedom of people the
    vigilant and conscious class from various parts of the
    country are seem either obscurest or waging struggles in an
    individual and limited manner. So that we, the CPI(MAOIST)
    makes an appeal to the friends, people of the exploited
    classes, intellectuals, journalists who upholds and stands for
    people's cause, workers, worker's leaders, students, people
    fighting against displacement, for justice, rights and who
    honestly works for society, cultural activists-artists, literary
    writers, balladeers, those who fight for women's rights and to
    comrades to come forward for help and for co-operation in the
    mahasangram (fierce battle) of the Indian revolutionary
    movement.
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    Around 30 IPS officers have been deployed in


    Garhchiroli district to perpetrate the attacks on people.
    Along with district police thousands of commando forces
    were made in the name of C-60, in which local youths are
    recruited and thus the government started murdering adivasi
    by arming adivasis. SRPF has also been deployed, so as
    CRPF. 5 battalions of para-military forces with commando
    training are also deployed. If we see, regarding balance of
    forces in the battle, on the one hand there is more than around
    10,000 police equipped with disastrous (mass destructive)
    mortar bombs, armed with LMG, AK-47, SLR, INSAS,
    Bulletproof jackets, mine proof vehicles, helicopters and
    unmanned aeronautic vehicles (UAV) and on the other hand
    there is PLGA with limited rifles and people armed with old
    traditional axe and barmar gun.

    With these more than 10,000 police force,


    helicopters and unaccounted expenses (free from audit) with
    crore's of rupees the states minister for home R.R. Patil
    commanding these attacks in a brazen manner. He openly
    stated that goli ka jawab goli se dhenge which is itself
    unconstitutional.
    The forms of attacks which are being perpetrated are as
    follows.
    1. Infiltrating the forces in the jungle and encircling it on a
    large scale. Prohibiting people from entering in jungle,
    threatening to kill.
    2. Carrying out massacres by creating fake encounters. The
    government has had announced prize on each dead body
    so that with each dead body in your list you earn more
    (more dead bodies, more you earn) promotion is also in
    waiting . So that to score more, they by labeling anyone
    as a naxalite they kill anybody. Recently same had
    happened on April 4, 2013 in batpar village.
    3. Spreading terror among people by showing the posters of
    dead bodies, maliciously propagating the issue like
    violence, women, manufactured propaganda against
    leadership and false propaganda over money and tax
    collection.
    4. Beating people sometime beating until death, cold blooded
    murder.
    5. Raping women, molestation of women.
    6. Prohibiting from cutting paddy crops and destroying them.
    7. Forcibly taking away the food grains and paddy crops and
    arson them.
    8. Encircling and surrounding the villages disallowing people
    to go out to attend natures call.
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    9. Forcibly sleeping in the houses of villages and creating


    terror in their personal life, forcibly eating the cooked
    food.
    10. Destroying the collective decision making process of the
    adivasi villages. Some people are being turned into
    people's betrayers and informers by police by abetting
    greediness or by giving threats or by trapping them.
    11. Throwing in the jail by instigating false cases, if one goes
    to help then he also has to go though similar treatment,
    threatening, abusing and insulting him so much so that one
    would never dare to help again.
    12. Camping in school and hostels, beating up students
    purring hurdles in their studies by spreading terror among
    them.
    13. Forcibly involving students in police melavas
    (programmes) and in so called peace rallies.
    14. Distributing television sets, DVDs, film CDs for spreading
    consumer and commercialized culture by destroying
    adivasi culture.
    15. Emotionally blackmailing, threatening corrupting and
    harassing by denying basic facilities and even necessary
    certificates and documents to the families of the cadres
    active, recruited in the paddy and forcibly asking them to
    surrender their children.

    Some instances.

    1. Date April 4, 2013. Time 8 a.m. 5 Maoists were killed


    at the shores of river Indravati near batpar village. Police had
    recovered 5 barmaar gun.

    This is a fake encounter. A local activist laxman and


    ammi along with some villagers were supposed to cross the
    river by donga (a small boat.) At the same time police
    surrounded and caught them and killed them. This is a cold
    blooded murder. No casualties at police side. Barmaar gun
    and axe are old traditional and daily means of earning food
    and wage. One could clearly see that the villagers were sitting
    on the boat. Nevertheless, the police fired at them. Just for
    increasing the score of the dead bodies to complete the target
    given by home minister. Just for that five people were killed.

    Sunita's brother one of the victim, in the incident of the


    batpar village had told media that his sister had nothing to do
    with Maoist organization. He has claimed for dead body.
    Among the killed are. 1. Laxman 2. Ammi 3. Prakash Pallo of
    Kondegaon. 4. Sudhakar Usali of Pengunda, and sunita of
    Batpar village.
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    2. Date 20 January 2013. Govindgaon, time 1.30 a.m. 6


    Maoists were killed. Among them are 1. Shankar Lakda a
    member of divisional committee. 2. Mohan Kowase Acm. 3.
    Vinod Kodape Acm. 4. Geeta Usendi platoon deputy
    commander 5. Juru Mattami 6. Raju Gavde.

    These comrades completed the village sabha (public


    meeting) and fininshed their dinner and were having
    discussion near in the light of lamp post. Police equipped
    with sophisticated weapons surrounded them covering three
    sides to ambush them. Police fired indiscriminately killing 6.

    This is also can't be called an encounter. This is a


    murder because instead of killing, police could easily arrest
    them. But just for scoring number of targets in the minister's
    darbaar they killed them.

    3. 12 April 2013. Near about 1 k.m. From village


    Sindesur. Police Encircled and indiscriminately fired on a jan
    sabha (public meeting) killing 6 people. Among the killed ,
    there were young boys namely sukhdev varlu gawade and
    kalidas duru hidko from village Sindesur. Comrade Kailash a
    member of Tipragrh area committee was killed when he came
    down to save the people. Since 1993 he had been active in the
    party and had been to jail for almost 5 & half years. After he
    was released from jail, he joined the party with more
    determination and took the responsibility of spreading
    revolutionary movement in Dhanora area. In this incident
    police would have killed more villagers if Kailash wouldn't
    have taken initiative to retaliate. At that time 3 women also
    got martyred. They were all teenagers and unarmed and were
    engaged in propagating the revolutionary thoughts among.
    People by distributing phamplets and singing songs. They
    were also killed by police. Here also, it is clear that the police
    wanted to complete their target of counting dead to get praised
    in government darbaar.

    4. Date 20 March Ambezari, taluka Dhanora, 2 bambu


    cutting labours were beaten up by C-60 police till they lost
    consciousness. At last people took them to hospital and
    saved their lives. They belonged to Mandla and Balaghat
    district of Madhya Pradesh. Every year hundreds of labour
    comes from these districts. It is a crime to carry java (a
    traditional drink made of wheat flour and nachni) in tiffin
    dabbas. The police could then and by assuming that the java
    was being taken for naxlities they were beaten up mercilessly.
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    5. Tansing a villager from navezari, taluka Korchi, A


    police agent tied a bag to the back stand of his motor cycle not
    known to him. All of a sudden police trapped him he was
    beaten and thrown into prison. This was done because he was
    an active cadre of Kisan sangarsh samiti of Korchi.

    6. Cri. 21 January 2013, the local peasant organization of


    Korchi called Kisan sangarsh samiti brought out a rally
    mobilizing more than 10,000 people. The leaders of this rally
    were issued threatening notices by police. Last year also
    Shivdas from village Gangin taluka Korchi an adivasi (tribal)
    leader of the rally was arrested and tied to a tree and was
    beaten and was sent to jail. Similarly, ratiram from village
    nadekal, Korchi an activist of same organization was arrested
    and thrown into jail.

    7. The people of village nadekal were encircled and


    beaten up mercilessly.

    8. Gangaram Kallo, village navezari, taluka Korchi. A


    famous and popular leader of adivasi people and Kisan
    sangarsh samiti was arrested and detained in police custody
    for whole night. By seeing the intensifying resistance of the
    people he was released immediately. But now police has
    begun harassing him and his family members. Day and night
    police surrounds his house and without a legal notice searches
    his house.

    9. Village murkudi, taluka korchi, the adivasi cultivated


    the land collectively and with their collective farming grown
    paddy crops but C-60 police forbade them from cutting the
    paddy crop. when the reason was asked by the villagers they
    were beaten up relentlessly,

    10. 32 bags of dhan (paddy) of the villagers were seized by


    plice in lekurbodi village korchi.

    11. Molestation and beating up women in village


    katengetola.
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    12. Kanneli, taluka dhanora, in july, 2 people were beaten


    up and arsoned the grain.

    13. Kasansur area, taluka etapally. Within one year 105


    people were beaten up by police.

    14. The students of korchi ashram school when refused to


    participate in the police melawa (campaign) they were
    beaten up by police.

    15. Village nainguda, taluka etapally, 30 September, 5


    people were beaten up, oct 3, village gudaram of etapally, 9
    villagers were beaten up. 11 oct. a person from village kohaka
    was beaten up until he fell unconciouss. Oct. 3, village koti 6
    people were beaten up.

    16. 7 november, village karka, taluka etapally 2 people


    were beaten up. Nov. 1, village manewara of etapally 10
    villagers were beaten up and for of them were taken to camp
    including some girls and were beaten up and thrown into jail.

    17. Village gaderi, taluka etapally, 10 people were beaten


    up until they fell unconcious.

    18. Village gaddapally, taluka etapally, 15 people were


    beaten up while being taken to camp. women resisted this so
    that they were released.

    19. In the adjoining chattisgarh, on border in the village


    sadethriyanshi 10 people were beaten up. To add, there are lot
    of such incidents. In all the terror of police and para-military
    forces exists in Garhchiroli district. Civic action programme,
    navjivan abhiyan and janjagran melava is nothing but a
    propaganda stunt to misguide and to present rosy picture
    before civil society. Through this they try to humanize the
    cruelty of the Government's violence so that it is necessary to
    expose them. Cruel police repression is being perpetrated in
    Garhchiroli. Justice loving and democracy loving friends, the
    on going revolutionary movement under the leadership of CPI
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    (Maoist) belongs to all of us. Mass movement and armed


    struggle both are equally important and are necessary for
    the revolution.

    We Kindly appeal you.

    1. To come forward for a fact finding of the encounter of


    govindgaon, batpar and sindesur and to bring out the truth
    before people.

    2. Para-Military forces and commando forces should stop


    spreading terror among people, encircling villages, saturating
    people for whole day, forcibly sleeping in the houses of the
    people day out day in and should stop destroying food grain.

    3. Immediately release the people imprisoned fabricating


    the false cases. As well as the status of political prisoners
    must be given to them who are linked or was associated with
    Maoist movement.

    4. Compensation must be given to the people for the


    destruction & loot of their property & belonging.

    5. Stop the repression campaign on the people namely


    'Operation green hunt'
    Raise your voice for above demands.

    Secretary

    Sahyadri
    State committee of maharashtra
    CPI (Maoist)

    430] FromtheabovedocumentatArts.A19of
    Exh.266itrevealsthattheaccusedno.3HemMishra
    isthememberofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)
    and its frontal organisation RDF and lastly appeal
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    was made for revolutionary movement and mass


    movementbyarmedstruggle.

    (4) AprintoutatArt.A20ofExh.266addressedto
    ComradeGeneralSecretary,TheCPI(Maoist)
    writtenbyMaheshisasunder:

    To
    ComradeGeneralSecretary,
    TheCPI(Maoist)

    Subject:Abouttheantiunityactivitiesofthosewho
    arerunningthepartyinUttarakhand.

    DearComrade

    Ilearnt,afewdaysafterIwasreleased,thatIhave
    been expelled from the party. This expulsion has
    comecloseontheheelsoftheexpulsion,reportedto
    me following my release, of one woman comrade,
    andexpulsion/suspensionofanothermalecomrade.
    All three of us were released on bail from jail at
    different times. We three may have different
    specificties,butwewereallmembersoftheZonal
    Committee responsible for this state. The woman
    comrade expelled when I was still in jail also
    happenstomemylifepartner.Withourexpulsion,
    thosewhoarerunningtheshowhave,incidentally,
    got rid of all the remainining leadership (zonal)
    comradeswhojoinedourbelovedunitedpartyfrom
    oneandthesameorganisationalstream,whateverit
    may,incidentally,be.Someofushavethepotential
    and have in the past actually contributed to some
    importantCentraltasks,andholdtheunificationof
    the two streams as the bestthing that could have
    happened. In Uttarakhand, however, the unity has
    been, and still seems to retain a strong negative
    aspect.
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    Thetwoothercomradesmayormaynotappealto
    thenexthighestcommittee,which,asIgatherinthe
    present extraordinary situation, could be the very
    highestcommittee,theCentralCommitteeitself.Due
    totechnicalreasons,Iamsendingthisletteralone,
    rightaway,andthenonlyshallIbeabletotellthem
    thatIhavedoneso.Itispossiblethattheymaynot
    choose to (out of asenseofreaction)or maybe
    unable to communicate their appeals to your
    committeeduetotechnicaldifficulties,suchastoo
    early a date for the last possible linkup, and my
    largegeographicaldistancefromthematthisprecise
    moment.

    Ihavenotmetanymemberoftheleadingcommittee
    forUkhnd,ortheiremissaryyet,butwithsomepart
    timecomradesintheopen,Isawandreadaleaflet
    issued by the Uttarakhand Seemant Committee on
    the occasion of the formation day of our party, ie
    21st September 2011. It is a verbose pamphlet in
    Hindi, explaining the present situation to party
    cadres and supporters. The main problem with it,
    however, is that, at the end,there isaconcluding
    paragraph devoted exclusively to what they have
    called the expulsion of some comrades from the
    party.Iwastoldthatthecomradeswhohavebeen
    expelledaremyselfandmylifepartner.Onfurther
    enquiry,Iwastoldthattheothermalecomradewas
    notexpelled(asIhadbeentoldbyhimwithinhours
    ofmyreleasefromjail),butsuspended,ostensibly
    for3months.

    Idon'thaveacopyoftheleaflet,butshalltrytosend
    acopyatthenextdateofcontact.Itwasgiventoa
    leaderofamassorganisationtobesenttotheCC.In
    averyvagueandjumbleduplanguage,theyseemed
    tohavepointedout3mainreasonsfortheexpulsion
    ("of some comrades"). One, they said, was our
    divertingthepracticeofthepartysincetheunityin
    200405,awayfromthelineoftheparty.Thesecond
    wastohaverevealedpartysecrets.Thethirdwasto
    havesurrenderedtothestate.
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    Letme,firstandforemost,statethattheothertwo
    comrades,againstwhomactionwastaken,hadnot
    committed any of the abovementioned
    mistakes/crimes. It is only I who have committed
    one. And that is "revealing party secrets" to the
    enemy.ThishappenedwhenIbrokeundertorture,
    aftertryingtoresistfor3daysand3nights.Forthis
    I have already selfcriticized, when in jail itself,
    throughalettersentout,andthiswaswellreported
    acrosstheranks,Iamtold.EvenwhenIbrokedown
    under torture, I successfuly guarded the major
    secrets,especiallytheonesrelatedtomyinvolvment
    in activities at the party center, which they were
    trying to rake out, and some of which they
    apparentlyknewbeforeaccostingme.Thisweakness
    onmypartwasalsoafalloutoftheweakeningofmy
    communistspirit,whichwascausedingreatpartby
    theconspiraciesofthesesameleadershipcomrades
    whonowpurporttohaveexpelledme.

    Thereisnoquestionofmyoranyoneknowntome
    havingsurrenderedtotheenemy.

    Moreover,thepracticeaftertheunity,asadvocated
    by me,orbyanyofthetwoothercomrades,was
    neveropposedtothepartyline.Infact,itisIwho
    playedtheleadingroleinsynthesizingthepraticeof
    thetwostreams,whichupholdedoneandthesame
    ideologicalpoliticalline.Thiswassomethingwhich
    thehighercommitteeortheconcernedCCMsshould
    have done. The draft of the review report for the
    Zonal Conference of Uttarakhand in mid2006,
    which includes our united perspective for the
    practice in the state, was indeed prepared by me,
    approved after minor amendments by the higher
    committee andthe concernedCCMs, includingthe
    then NRB Sec and then by the Zonal Conference.
    Evenasadelegateforthe3USACconferenceinlate
    2006,thoughIwasnotaSACmember(Iremaineda
    ZCmemberevenaftertheCongress),itwasmydraft
    of the perspective portion,for Uttarakhand,of the
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    3USACreviewreportfortheconferencewhichwas
    approvedandpassed,virtuallywithoutamendment,
    by the entire house. The 2 SAC members from
    Uttarakhand(myseniors!)hadplayednoroleworth
    mentioninginformulatingorcarryingoutthelineof
    the party until the Congress. Since my humble
    contributionhadpassedthroughtheprocessofthe
    Congress,andwasapprovedintheprocess,inspite
    of the successful manipulation and conspiracies of
    these same comrades, so as to enable them to
    representtheslimmajorityintermsofnumbers(as
    is done in bourgeoisrevisionist parties, not in
    genuine revolutionary parties like ours). Their
    group,whichoperatedthroughoutasagroup,notas
    aunitedparty,hademergedasamajorityalsodueto
    the unfortunate machinationsofcertain CCMsand
    SACMs, who were seeing to it that the then
    Politbureau'sanalysisofsuchproblemsintherunup
    totheCongress,andthePBguidelinestosetthings
    rightwereignoredandnotactedupontooseriously.
    Personally,IhadevensoughttimefromComKishan
    daonthefringesofmytechnicalworkwiththePB
    andCCinordertoseekhelp,atthethenadviceof
    theGS,toresolvetheproblemsofUttrakhandwhich
    originatedintheNRB.ThewelcomePBresolutionto
    resolve various such problems, in fact, came after
    that.
    Just before my arrest, the same NRB Secretary as
    before, had, instead of rooting out the problems,
    splituptheUttarakhandZonalCommitteeintotwo,
    andeffortswereafoottocornermeout,andrender
    meineffective.Itwasinsuchanisolatedcondition
    that,withnosolutioninsight,Igrewhopelessjust2
    daysbeforeIwassuddenlypickedupbytheenemy,
    inthecity.IknewallalongthatIwasbeingsought
    by the enemy, and had always followed the UG
    method,whichiswhyicouldsurviveforallofthe6
    7yearssinceIbecameUGandwasbeingtargetted
    allalong.Itisonlywhentheorganisationproblems
    caused by the comrades leading us drove me to
    hopelessnessthatIlostmyalertnessandwaspicked
    upbytheenemywithinashortspanoftime.The
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    then Secretary of my Zonal Committee, also


    representingthethenSACleadership(theonewho
    represented Uttarakhand in the Congress), who I
    believe must now be leading this "Seemant
    Committee",wastheonewhohadactuallyaskedme
    toresignandgetoutfromtheparty,justbeforemy
    arrest.Hadhenotdoneso,Iwouldhavecontinued
    toremainfirminthefaceoftheenemy's67year
    long attempts to nab me. Nor would I have
    succumbed under torture, and exposed the
    membershipofmyZonalCommittee(thisisallthatI
    revealed by way of party secrets; two of the
    members who had just resigned got arrested
    immediatelytherefater,athird,thewomancomrade,
    continued to work UG, unfortunately got arrested
    afteroveroneyear,duetoanerrorofjudgementofa
    sympathizer contact, not due to surrender or
    anything that these comrades, having cliquish
    tendencies,mayallege).

    Afterbeingjailed,Ihadthetimetoanalyzemyown
    weaknesses, and am prepared to face any further
    possibilityoftortureorwhatevertheenemymight
    do, even to deal with the problems created by
    cliquishcomradeswithinthenobleprecinctsofour
    party.

    Thesaiddecisiontoexpelmewastakensummarily,
    withouttellingmewhatIwasaccusedof.Therewas
    no question of their having given me a chance to
    defend myself, or to explain anything. It was a
    purelyunconstitutionalact.

    Itismyhumblerequesttotheleadershiptoplease
    investigate and, if found guilty, take stringent
    disciplinaryactionasmaybenecessary,inorderto
    prevent such comrades from working against the
    interestofthepartyandtherevolution.Theyhave
    repeatedly worked against the party interest.
    RegardingworkinUttarakhand,withtheCCM,who
    knew the problems of this area, having been
    arrested, it is going to be difficult to solve these
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    organisational problems. Whatever may have been


    thisCCMsothershortcomingsandmistakes,hewas
    certainlyveryparticularaboutpreservingthespirit
    of unity, at least until I was arrested, something
    whichtheotherCCMsoftheNRBseriouslylacked.
    Therefore this problem within the then NRB has
    influenced the comrades down the line, and their
    stance has hardened, following the arrest of
    Comrade Srikant. This, I believe, have given these
    "Seemant Committee" comrades the courage to
    impatientlyandsummarilymalignmethroughtheir
    spuriousannouncementofexpulsionofmeandmy
    lifepartner.

    She,whiledoingopenrevolutionarywork,asperthe
    directionsofthethenCCMincharge,wasdeviously
    expelledatthebehestoftheconcernedZCMandthe
    Secy of the committee leading the work in
    Uttarakhand, just when it was realized by these
    manipulatorsthatIwaslikelytogetbail,following
    the release of the doctor of Chhgrh. Then, even
    beforeIcouldbeconsideredforreadmissionintothe
    party after my release from jail, they resorted to
    slander that I had surrendered to the enemy, etc.,
    becauseofwhichtherewasnooptionbutto"expel"
    me.

    All this is a ploy to hoodwink our inexperienced


    comrades,howeverfewmayhavenowremainedin
    the state, but, fortunately for me, those mass
    activistswhohadhelpedmejointhepartyaround
    19992000, following a revolutionary life and
    politicalstruggleagainstrevisionism,evenwithouta
    revolutionaryparty,since1981,haveofferedtohelp
    mecommunicatewiththeleadership,whomIhold
    inhighregard.Thepartyhasmuchtodotoregain
    its losses and improve its organisational and mass
    practice(essentially,tactics),andIameverwillingto
    continue giving my level best. Of course, I can
    manageonmyownforthetimebeing,andamalso
    tryingtohelpmyotherclosecomradestopreserve
    thepartyspiritinthehopeofreunity/reorganisation.
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    Iamalsoquiteconfident,nowthatIhavehadthe
    opportunitytofacetheordealofarrest,torture,and
    solitary confinement for prolonged period,
    uncertainties, and all that, that even with such
    enormousCentrallossesIcanbepartoftheoverall
    processofrebuilding,evenifIhavetodowithout
    therightfulcollectiveatthecommitteelevel.

    Letmealsomakeitknown,thatI,alongwiththe
    othertwo,wouldprefertofightoutthislegalcase,
    asitispoliticallynecessarytodoso,intheprevailing
    circumstancesofUttarakhand.HenceImaynotbe
    able to go UG completely, though I am willing to
    performwhateverUGtasksImaybegivenfromtime
    totime,asIhavedonesuccessivelyallmyyearsof
    political life. Even in these challenging times, we
    neednotbemechanicalaboutUGandOG.

    I think I have already taken too much of your


    attention.SoImustendhere.

    Looking forward to a resolution, with communist


    greetings,
    yourscomradely
    Mahesh

    (5)Therecitalsoftheprintoutofletter(Art.A21)of
    Exh.266addressedto ComradebyoneJadduand
    Prakashdated1stAugust2013areasunder:

    DearComrade,
    RedSalutes!

    Wehavesentlettersandreportsseveraltimes,but
    we have not received any reply in the last eight
    months. Especially after the arrest of the comrade
    whowasguidingandcoordinatingwithus,wehave
    notreceivedanyreply.
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    Thissituationhasmadeourorganisationandmany
    activities around our organisation difficult to go
    ahead. WithouttheguidanceoftheCCitismost
    difficult for an all India organisation to take up
    important steps, particularly our organisation is
    playing a central role in coordinating many
    activities.NowthatwehaveannouncedourallIndia
    conference, it becomes even more difficult to take
    many decisions without consulting you. Our
    conferencehasbeenpostponedseveraltimesinthe
    pastduetothearrestsandotherobstructions.Thisis
    knowntoyou.

    We had sent several times letters mentioning the


    issues relating to international relations and the
    problemsarosetherein.Wedontevenknowifyou
    havereceivedtheseletters.Butwehavenotreceived
    any reply so far from you. We had taken some
    decisions due to the urgency. Forinstance, signing
    the letters that were circulated. Now we have a
    meeting to take decisions further. We have been
    asking the international fraternal organisations to
    waitandsuspendallworktillwegetguidancefrom
    you.Butthiscannotgolikethisformoretime.

    We have to decide about the new body of our


    organisation.Wepleadwithyoutoarrangeaproper
    channeltocommunicatewithusandcallatleasttwo
    amongus,whoareyoungfromamongustohearall
    thereportsandpendingissues. Thosetwopersons
    are accused no.3 Hem Mishra and accused no.4
    PrashantRahi.

    Wehavereceived1.5lakhsonceand75thousandat
    anothertimesofarafterthearrestofthecomrade.
    But we incurred several lakhs of rupees on the
    continuous programmes and activities. We have
    incurredaloanof2.5lakhsasofnow.Everypassing
    daybringsinnewexpenditure.Wedocollectfunds
    buttherangeofouractivitiesissoveryhighthatwe
    arenotinapositiontomeetallexpensesthrough
    collections.
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    Weurgentlyneedfundsunderthefollowingheads:
    Prisonercomradeshealthandotherlegalchargeson
    cases(wearelookingafterhere):2laks.
    Conference(apartfromwhatwecanbecollected):3
    Lakhs.
    Bookswearepublishingnow:2lakhs.
    (Formorebookswecouldcollect1lakh)Butneed2
    lakhsmoretopublishtheremainingbooks.
    Loantobecleared:2.5lakhs.
    Onearrestedseniorcomradeslifepartnerneedsat
    least1lakhshere.
    Forourteam(next6months)torunourselvesand
    activitiesplannedweneed4lakhsatleast.
    Therefore we need a minimum of 13 lakhs
    immediately to meet various urgent needs and
    activities.

    Money apart, we need many of the important


    decisions to be taken. We are in a position to
    advanceonmanyfronts.Butbeforetakinganynew
    step,weneedtodiscusswithyou.Werequestyouto
    arrange to call these two comrades as soon as
    possible.

    Withrev.greetings.JadduandPrakash
    1August2013.

    431] On perusal of Art.A20 of Exh.266 it is clear that this


    Maheshisaccusedno.4PrashantRahiashisnameisappearedinthe
    chargesheetofUttarakhandCourtatExh.264whereinhisnameis
    mentioned as Prashant Sanglikar @ Prashant Rahi @ Navin @
    MaheshDa@Simas/oNarayanBabajiSanglikar. PoliceInspector
    P.W.6 Atul Avhad admitted in his crossexamination that in Maoist
    group every member has alias name and normally they use alias
    name.
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    Documentscontaining247pagesofExh.267takenoutfromthe
    electronicgadgetsi.e.Arts.1to41CDs,DVDs,pendrives,hard
    disksseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabai

    432] As discussed above the incriminating data contained in


    textformatfoundintheelectronicgadgetsArts.1to41CDs,DVDs,
    Pendrives,harddisksseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibaba under seizure panchanama (Exh.165) can be read in
    evidence.Theimportantincriminatingdocumentsarereproducedas
    under:
    433] ThedocumentatPageno.1ofExh.267istheSecretary's
    report of first conference of theRevolutionary Democratic Front
    (RDF) which was held on 2223 April at Hyderabad Telangana
    addressedtoComradesandFriendsbyRedsalutetoalldelegatesin
    whichitismentionedthatin2005twoorganizationsi.e.AllIndia
    Peoples'ResistanceForum(AIPRF)andStrugglingForumforPeoples'
    Resistance (SFPR) merged into Revolutionary Democratic Front
    (RDF) whichwasdeclaredon23rdMay(NaxalbariDay)inaPress
    ConferenceinDelhi.Thedetailsofthesaiddocumentarereproduced
    asunder:
    Rise!Resist! Liberate!

    REVOLUTIONARYDEMOCRATICFRONT(RDF)
    SecretarysReport(presentedinthe1st
    ConferenceofRDF)

    FirstConferenceoftheRevolutionaryDemocratic
    Front(RDF)
    2223April,SundaraiyaVigyanBhavan,Hyderabad,
    Telangana
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    ComradesandFriends,

    Braving many difficulties, the first conference of


    Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) is being
    finallyheldontheseventhyearafteritsformation.
    Onthisoccasion,itisworthrememberingComrade
    KhagenDas,thefoundingPresidentofRDF,whohas
    becomeamartyrduetooldageandaftersuffering
    illhealth.Alongwithhim,wealsorememberyoung
    Comrade Nagina Majhi, who was a member of
    Krantikari Sanskritik Sangh, a constituent unit of
    RDF,Bihar,wasalsomartyredasaresultofpolice
    torture, custodial suffering andmedicalnegligence
    by jail authorities. Red salute to all our martyr
    comrades!
    It must here be noted that three of our
    comrades from RDF Central Committee, Comrade
    RajaSarkhelandComradePrasunfromWestBengal
    and Comrade Jiten Marandi from Jharkhand have
    been falsely implicated under draconian laws and
    arecurrentlyimprisonedbyvariousgovernmentsof
    the reactionary Indian state. But in spite of their
    incarceration,theyarerelentlesslyfightinginsidethe
    prisonsagainsttheantipeoplepoliciesofthecentral
    andstategovernmentsandforprisonersrights.We
    salutethesebravecomradesofours.
    We know that many of the comrades who have
    gatheredheretoday,haverepeatedlyfacedthebrunt
    of the fascist policiesof the government andhave
    been falsely implicated, intimidated, arrested or
    evenimprisoned.Againstmanyofusfalsecasesare
    beingcontinuouslypursued.Butdespiteallthis,the
    struggleforrealindependence,realdemocracyand
    for dignity is intensifying with revolutionary
    resolutenessandzeal.
    Inthecurrentperiodofworldeconomiccrisisand
    thepoliticalturmoil,thepoliticalandorganizational
    responsibilities of RDF have become even more
    important. In 2005, keeping in mind the existent
    economic, political and social conditions and after
    analyzing the material condition of the anti
    imperialist antifeudal mass movements, the two
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    organizations All India Peoples Resistance Forum


    (AIPRF) and Struggling Forum for Peoples
    Resistance (SFPR) merged to form Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF).Theformaldeclarationof
    the formation of RDF took place on 23rd May,
    NaxalbariDay,inapressconferenceinDelhi.There
    itwasfirmlydeclaredthatRDFwillworktowards
    theformationofanewdemocraticsocietyinIndia
    andwillfightalongwiththevariousongoinganti
    imperialist and antifeudal mass movements. RDF
    will work towards liberating the people from the
    clutchesoftheruthlessexploitationbytheforcesof
    imperialism, feudalism and the comprador
    bureaucraticbourgeoisie.RDFsupportstheongoing
    valiant struggle for self determination and
    nationhoodoftheoppressednationalitiesofKashmir
    and the entire North East. RDF rejects the
    parliamentary path and strives for intensifying
    peoples struggles to overhaul the current semi
    feudal semicolonial society and to build a new
    democratic society free of all injustices. In the
    context of these aims and objectives, a detailed
    manifestoofRDFwasadopted.Onthebasisofthis,
    thecentralandstatecommitteesofRDFhavebeen
    functioningaspertheirorganizationalstrengthfor
    thepastsevenyears.
    In this First Conference ofRDF we needto assess
    how much were we able to carry out our
    responsibilities and implement the organisations
    programmeinthegivensituationprevailinginthe
    country.Wehavetocarefullyanalysehowsuccessful
    wehavebeeninestablishingacollectiveleadership
    and developing independent decisionmaking
    betweenthecentralcommitteeandconstituentunits
    atthestatelevel.Weneedtomakeconcreteanalysis
    ofourpoliticalandorganizationalactivitiesinorder
    tocorrectlyidentifyourstrengthsandweaknesses.
    Wemustassessthelevelofoursuccessintakingour
    politics to the broader masses, in understanding
    theireverydayproblemsandinmobilizingpeopleby
    building mass movements to solve them. We also
    havetolearnfromexperiencesandboldlyraisethe
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    leveloftheirrevolutionaryconsciousness.Wemust
    face all these questions and objectively assess our
    achievementsandfailures.Wehavetoidentifyour
    practical weaknesses and strive more to overcome
    themandtherebystrengthenourselves.Bydoingso,
    wewillestablishourorganizationfirmlyamongthe
    masses.

    During thelast fewyearsofitsexistence,RDFhasundertaken


    many programmes, activities and movements. Some of these
    programmesaresummarizedhere:

    1] State conferences: Punjab: August 2007,


    October 2011, Jharkhand 2009, Bihar September
    2009,UKAugust2010.InUPPoorvanchalSanskritik
    Manch, Bharat Nau Jawan Sabha, Inqilabi Chatra
    MorchaandaKisanSanghatanhavebeenincluded
    RDFconstituents.

    2] Aleafletwasissuedonstaterepressioninmany
    statesincludingAP.Inthecentralleafletparticularly
    theorganisationdemandedunconditionalreleaseof
    comradesVVandKalyanaRaoandalsodemanded
    thewithdrawalofbanonmassorganizationsinAP.
    We also demanded unconditional release of CPI
    (Maoist) leader comrade Shushil Roy and other
    comrades,withdrawalofbanonCPI(Maoist)anda
    stoptoencounterkillings.Theorganisationcalledfor
    withdrawalofcasesagainstmassactivistsandastop
    to combing operations. A week against state
    repressionwasobservedfrom12Sept19Sept2005
    inallstateswhereRDFstartedfunctioning.

    3] AnallIndiaFactfindingteamwasformedand
    touredAPontheissuesofstaterepression,political
    murders by the state and state violence that was
    perpetratedinAP.About47massorganizationscame
    togetherandheldapublichallmeetinginHyderabad
    on26thSeptember2005atthebeginningofthefact
    finding of the team in which 1200 people
    participated. The team consisting of 9 members
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    alongwithmanylocalactiviststouredmanydistricts
    and collected facts of violence on mass activists
    between2630September2005.Ineverydistrictthe
    teamvisited,apressconferencewasalsoheld.The
    teamalsomettheCMandamemowassubmitted
    against violence and repression on mass
    organizations. At the end, the initial report was
    releasedinapressconference.

    1) Against the death sentence on the Bihar


    peasants, RDF took up mass programmes in Delhi,
    BiharandJharkhand.Arallyandaconventionwere
    heldinDelhi.

    2) RDF sent a factfinding team to study the


    arrestsoftheMaoistleaderscomradesShushilRoy,
    PatitpawanHaldarandothersbythefascistCPMled
    WestBengalgovernment.Theteamalongwiththe
    representatives of local civil rights organizations
    wenttoJhargramjailandmetMaoistprisonersand
    took long interviews with them. It also visited the
    placeofarrestandinquiredwiththelocalpeople.It
    wasmadeclearhowtheintelligenceandthepolice
    usedillegalmethodsintheprocessofarrests.Onthe
    next day, the team went to Krishnanagar jail and
    triedtometcomradeAshokSarkarandotherMaoist
    leaders.Butthejailsuperintendentdidnotallowthe
    interview.Alsowenttotheplaceofarrestofthese
    prisoners.Peopletheredescribedtheillegalandhigh
    handedbehaviourofthepoliceatthetimeofarrest
    tothe team. A CD ofthe interviewswithcomrade
    ShushilRoyandotherswasreleasedalongwiththe
    report in a press conference in Kolkata on 30th
    December2005.

    3) Between 28 January 2006, a campaign was


    organizedbythestateunitsofRDFonthecallofthe
    AllIndiaEContheunconditionalreleaseofPolitical
    prisonerslikecomradesShushilRoy,Patitpawanand
    others.
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    4) Between 1925 January, 2006 a campaign


    againstSalwaJuduminitiatedbyChhattisgarhGovt.
    wasorganized.Thiswasimplementedbysomestate
    unitsthroughwallwritingandleaflets.

    5) In states including WB and Punjab, where


    elections were taking place, election boycott call
    wasimplementedandleafletsweredistributed.

    6) Ontheoccasionof8March,2006International
    Working womens day, RDF units participated and
    helpedwomensorganizations.

    7) On 23rd March, 2006 Bhagat Singhs


    martyrdom was observed as antiimperialist day in
    manystates.

    8) RDF organized protest dharnas and marches


    against the arrest of comrade Narayan Sanyal in
    Delhiandmanystates.

    9) RDFunitofDelhiparticipatedandinvolvedin
    manyprogrammestakenupbyNepaliJanAdhikar
    SurakhaSamithiandNBA.

    10) Punjabunitorganizedprotestsagainstthevisit
    of American President G. W. Bush. In many cities,
    protestrallieswereorganizedonbroadmobilization
    withthesloganBushGoBack.Inotherstatesalso
    particularly Bihar similar joint programmes against
    BushsvisittoIndiawereorganised.

    11) A signature campaign was taken up in many


    states against Salwa Judum and thousands of
    signaturesweresenttothePresidentofIndia.

    12) An international appeal was released by RDF


    on the issue of Salwa Judum by the all India
    Committeeandaskedtheinternationalorganizations
    tosendhelptothevictimsofSalwaJudum.

    13) RDF called a meeting of democrats and


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    peoples organizations on 23rd April 2006 and


    appealedtothemtoworkontheissueofreleaseof
    political prisoners. In this meeting a broad
    understanding was arrived at by the prominent
    personalities who participated in the meeting. A
    Campaign Committee for the Release of Political
    Prisoners was formed.It wasdecidedtocollect all
    informationaboutpoliticalprisonersinvariousstates
    andaperspectivewastobedrafted.Stateunitstobe
    formed.Butwecouldntcarryoutthesetaskssofar.

    14) An All India campaign against Salwa Judum


    wasconductedfrom10Augustto10November2006
    onthebannerofCATASwithateamofartistsfrom
    Chhattisgarh Adivasi Kala Manch. RDF all India
    committee members and prominent democrats
    participated in many states like Kerala, Karnataka,
    TamilNaidu,AP,Orissa,MR,WB,JH,Bihar,UP,UK,
    Punjab,HaryanaandDelhi.AllIndiaECmembersled
    thecampaigninvariousstates.SomemembersofAll
    IndiaCommitteeshowedwaveringwhenstatetried
    to stop or intervene in the campaign in AP and
    Kerala. These very members created confusion and
    didntproperlycarryouttheirresponsibilitiesbynot
    stayingwiththeteamatsomeplacesandtimewhen
    they were to perform. The culmination convention
    was held in Delhi on 9 November and on 10
    NovemberapublicrallywasorganizedinDelhianda
    Memorandum with thousands of signatures of
    adivasis was submitted to the President of India
    demandinghimtointerveneandstopSalwaJudum.
    Dr.BDSharma,DrVinayakSen,com.VaravaraRao
    andotherswentinateamtothepresidentsoffice.
    TheycouldntmeetthePresidentasappointmentwas
    not finalised but the memo was accepted by his
    office.

    15) A bandh call was given by RDF NMSs and


    Maoist leader com. Sheela Devi was arrested. The
    RDF called for a 24 hours bandh in Orissa,
    Jharkhand, and Bihar on 14th October, 2006.
    Appealed to all sections of people in these three
    statestoobservebandh(GeneralStrike)voluntarily
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    and make it a success. Also appealed to all


    democraticorganizationstosupportthebandhcall.
    ThebandhwasobservedinJharkhand,whereRDF
    came up with posters and leaflets in support of
    bandhandreleasedanoteinthepress.Abandhcall
    isbasicallyapoliticalinitiativeandaskingpeopleto
    involve in it is a political act which a political
    organization like RDF should issue suchcalls. RDF
    should not restrict itself to simple legalistic and
    secure measures when state comes out with heavy
    repressivemeasures.

    16) A protestdharnawasorganizedin Delhiand


    other states when CPI Maoist leader Dr.Osho alias
    com.Narenderwasarrested.suchprotestscouldonly
    be spontaneous and we very well know that
    mobilizationwouldonlythatmuchaccordingtoour
    strengthinDelhi.

    17) ECdecidedtotakeupacampaignonAgrarian
    crisis,farmersdebtburdenandsuicidesinthestates.
    Somestateunitshavetakenupthisbybringingout
    leaflets,postersandwallwriting.Acallwasissuedto
    strengthen the peoples movement against these
    issues.AsRDFstateunitsarestillweakthiscallhas
    notyetbeenconvertedintoamovement.

    18) Ahallmeetingandadharnawasorganizedin
    Delhiandotherstateson10December2006against
    death sentence awarded to Afzal Guru and Sadam
    Hussain.Theseprotestsdemandedthecommutation
    ofdeathsentencegiventoAfzal.

    19) Participatedandpresentedapaperinaseminar
    organized at Jamia Milia University conducted by
    Nelson Mandela Centre for Peace and Conflict
    Resolution on Chhattisgarh: Development, the
    Naxalite Movement and Salwa Judum. The paper
    focused and exposed on the antipeople policiesof
    the socalled developmental model of the
    Government and it was stressed that the Naxalism
    wasntaproblembuttheanswertotheproblem.

    20) On 23rd March2007,an all IndiaConference


    againstdisplacementwasorganizedinRanchiwhere
    antiimperialistdaywasobservedontheoccasionof
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    Bhagat Singhs 76th Martyrdom day. An all India


    platform was formed with more than 100
    organizationsandanother100individualdemocrats.
    Animpressiverallywasorganizedattheendofthe
    programme.

    21) Against Nandigram and Singur incidents RDF


    participated in dharnas and demonstrations along
    with other democratic forces in front of the CPM
    centralOfficeinDelhiinJanuaryandFebruary2007.

    22) RDF called for a protest programme on the


    next day in Delhi soon after Nandigram massacre
    happenedonMarch14th.Manyforcesparticipated
    init.Ademonstrationwasheld.

    23) RDF EC Members went to Nanadigram soon


    after 14th March massacre along with a team
    includingBDSharmaandMedhaPatkar.Addressed
    the press and released a report. The report was
    releasedinDelhialso.

    24) RDF EC decided to send a team of eminent


    democrats for a factfinding on state repression in
    OrissaJanuary2007.Prominentcivilrightsactivists
    fromAP,andJharkhandvisitedplacesofrepression
    andbroughtoutareport.

    25) RDF representatives participated in a


    conferenceagainstSEZsandNandigrammassacrein
    Kolkataandpresentedapaper.Inthepresentation,
    ourdelegatesarguedforaunitedmovementagainst
    displacementandalsoforexcludingfundedNGOs

    26) ThestateunitsofRDForganizedprogrammes
    about 150 years of 1857 and Bhagat Singhs Birth
    Centenaryyear.

    27) A call was given to take up campaign of


    EconomicBlockade tobeobservedon26,27June
    2007 against displacement, emergency day and
    imperialismontheoccasionoftheNaxalbariDay.It
    wasimplementedinJharkhandandWBtoanextent.
    In Delhi some campaign in terms of propaganda
    happened.
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    28) Nagalandtrip27Juneto2August2007.A6
    memberdelegationwenttoNagalandtoappealNaga
    people to demand the withdrawal of 9IRBNaga
    battalion.Thetripwasasuccessandgoodrelations
    have been developed with Naga peoples
    organisations.
    29) In Orissa anti displacement conference was
    organisedbysomeelementsofND.Weparticipated
    initandeffectivelyintervenedtopreventyetanother
    committee to be formed; our political intervention
    becamefruitfultocorrecttheresolutionthere.

    30) RDF local unit of Jharkhand worked for the


    conventioninJanuary2007andlaterconferencein
    March2007whereabroadbasedantidisplacement
    frontwasformed.

    31) RDF has participated to implement All India


    BandhCallgivenbyVVJAon30October,2007.The
    bandh was successfully organised in Jharkhand. In
    other states, the call was implemented by various
    organisations.

    32) Our RDF unit of Punjab had organized an


    impressive programme on 28th September 2007 at
    HussainiWala.

    33) VisitofNagainIndiatoexposethefallaciesof
    peace talk going between NSCN(IM) and GOI in
    2008.

    34) ASignatureCampaignforthereleaseofSeela
    Didihadbeentakenandhadmadearepresentation
    toWomencommission.Afactfindingteamofwomen
    hadvisittheprisontomeetSeelaDidiinJharkhad.
    TherewasaresolutiontomeetPresidentregarding
    thiscase.

    35) JoseMariaSisonwasarrestedbytheHolland
    PoliceunderthepressureofUSimperialist.RDFhad
    issued a press statement and sent a message in
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    solidarity to ILPS against the arrest of Jose Maria


    Sison,thefoundingleaderofPhilippinescommunist
    party. Rdf had taken part in the joint protest
    programmeinDelhi.

    36) A blog was stared named rdf


    2005.blogspot.com, but has not put information
    regularlyinit.

    37) Fact finding team had visited in Lalgarh in


    solidaritywithpeoplesmovementandtoexposethe
    atrocitiescommittedbyJointforces.

    38) WaronPeople

    a) Cultural events and Talk has been organised


    underbannerofWAPon13November,2009inDelhi
    University

    b) In context of declaration of Operation Green


    Hunt, All India Convention Against War on People
    was organised in Constitutional Club on 4 th
    December,2009.AallindiaRallyandpublicmeeting
    washeldinDelhionthe17thDecember.

    c) The Public Meeting to demand the judicial


    enquiryinto the killingsofAzad,the spokesperson
    andPolitBureaumemberoftheCPI(Maoist)along
    with journalist Hem Chandra Pandey at Rajendra
    Bhavan,NewDelhiwasaddressedbyalargenumber
    of prominent citizens in the presence of packed
    auditorium.Itwasheld on3rd August,2010.Itwas
    heldunderbannerofConcerendCitizenandForum
    againstwaronpeople.

    d) The Public Meeting to demand the judicial


    enquiryinto the killingsofAzad,the spokesperson
    andPolitBureaumemberoftheCPI(Maoist)along
    with journalist Hem Chandra Pandey at Rajendra
    Bhavan,NewDelhiwasaddressedbyalargenumber
    of prominent citizens in the presence of packed
    auditorium.Itwasheld on3rd August,2010.Itwas
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    heldunderbannerofConcerendCitizenandForum
    againstwaronpeople.

    e) RDF take initiative to hold a public meeting on


    slogan STOP ARMY ENCROACHMENT IN BASTAR!
    AndOPPOSEINDIANSTATESWARONPEOPLE!On
    21 May 2011 in Delhi under banner of FORUM
    AGAINSTWARONPEOPLE.TheSpeakersinmeeting
    were A B Bardhan, General Secretary, CPI, Amit
    Bhaduri,ProfessorEmeritus,JNU,Aparna,CPI(ML)
    New Democracy, Arjun Prasad Singh, PDFI,
    Arundhati Roy, Writer, B D Sharma, Girija Pathak,
    CPI(ML) Liberation, Madan Kashyap, Hindi writer,
    PankajBisht,Editor,Samayantar,SARGeelani,Delhi
    University,SashiBhushanPathak,PUCL,Jharkhand,
    Sumit Chakravarti, Editor, Mainstream. In meeting
    resolutionwaspassedtowithdrawarmyfromBastar
    deployedinnameoftrainingschool.

    f) Antiwarfrontsareformedinsevenstates.Atleast
    in5stateswehavetoformsimilarfrontsassoonas
    possiblesuchasinMaha,UP,Bihar,OrissaandChh.
    There is also a need to develop the coordination
    betweenallthefronts.Furtherwiththefastchanging
    scenario on a day to day basis there is a need to
    maketheactivitiesofthefrontsmorevibrantwith
    larger massparticipation.As ofnowthe numerous
    programmesthatarehappeninginvariousstatesare
    scatteredandunsystematic.Thereisanurgentneed
    for coordination of all these initiatives that are
    fundamentallybeingtakenupthroughourforces.

    g) OGH&Evaluation:Theaggressiveposturesofthe
    rulingclassesinthecontextofthewaragainstpeople
    have brought forth many aspects ofthe movement
    whichledtoapublicdebatethatseemstobehaving
    a wider impact. We have been successful in
    establishing amonga wide section of the informed
    people that this is nothing short of a war on the
    people.Thishasalsogalvanizedmanymoreelements
    intothecampaign.Thishasfurthermadethestate
    defensive.Thestatecouldnotanticipatethemanifold
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    responsesthatcameagainstthewarfromtheurban
    spaces so much so that it desperately started
    attacking the urban intelligentsia against its
    opposition.Thiscreatedabacklashwhichthestateis
    findinghardtowardaway.Thecontradictionswithin
    thecongressarereflectingintheformofthoseforces
    whicharedirectlyundertheinfluenceofimperialist
    corporationsandthosewhichareundertheinfluence
    offeudalforces.Inthecontextoftheavailablespace
    that is there to project our movement in a larger
    landscapeweshouldbeabletoeducatetherankand
    fileabouttheneedtopropagatethevariousaspects
    ofthemovement.

    39) PublicProtestMeetingagainstFakeEncounter
    KillingofMaoistLeaderKishenjiwasheldinGandhi
    PeaceFoundation,Delhion13December,2011.This
    meetingwasorganisedbyBahujanVamManch,CPI
    (ML), CPI (ML) New Proletariat, Democratic
    Students Union, IFTU, Inquilabi Majdur Kendra,
    Krantikari Navajawan Sabha, Lok Raj Sangathan,
    NavajwanBharatSabha,NDPI,PDFI,PeoplesFront,
    PUDR, Revolutionary Democratic Front, and other
    organizationsandindividuals.

    40) InDecember,2009RDFtookinitiativetoform
    a Committee named friends of Telangana in
    solidarity of Telangana statehood movement and
    participate and organised various programme in
    supportofmovement.

    41) MeetingonGPCRdidnotmaterialise.

    42) Cultural team from Lalgarh had visited in


    various state calling to support Lalgarh movement
    exposingCPI(M)ssocialfascistcharacter.
    43) Meeting with the smallscale industrialist and
    traderswasheldon13April2010.
    44) On IndoUS nuclear treaty protests were
    organised.
    45) LALGARHsolidarityMovement
    46) AnuradhaGandhiMemorialCommittee
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    47) ElectionBoycottProgram
    48) RDFwillparticipateinprogramofCRPPand
    help to develop CRPP, PDFI and VVJA in various
    states.
    49) CentralLeafletonCorruptionandAnnahazare,
    OerationGreenHunt,Nandigram,

    50) International
    a) ICWOP,B)ICRPP,C)OnSolidarityforumNepal
    b) 12 June took place in London an important
    initiativeoftheInternationalCommitteeAgainstthe
    WaronPeopleinIndia(ICAWPI).About500people
    crowdedthehalloftheFriendsHouseinLondonand
    attended with attention and participation, even
    emotional, at the program.
    Onthewallsoftheroomstoodouttwolargebanners
    signedICAWPIwithpicturesofthestrugglesofthe
    Adivasipeople,thefiercewaronpeopleunleashed
    by the regime in India, the many initiatives of
    solidarityheldaroundtheworld.Therewerealsothe
    postersofthecampaign"weekofsolidarity"thatthe
    InternationalCommitteetoSupportthePeople'sWar
    inIndiahadpostedthroughoutEuropeandaround
    theworldandtheslideshowthatinthesameweek
    hadbeenusedinItaly.thismeetingwasaddressedby
    ArundhatiRoyandJanMyrdal
    c) OnILPSmeetingandcontradiction
    d) Visit of dave Pugh to study anti displace
    movementin2008
    e) Visitofantiimperialistcamptohelptheadivasis

    ResolutiononECFunctioningandDevelopmentof
    theOrganisation:

    The all India EC discussed and analyzed the


    weaknessesinitsfunctioningandinimplementingits
    planned activities. After discussing different points
    thoroughlythefollowingdecisionsaretaken:

    11 RDFsstrengthliesinitsstateunits.Sothefirst
    priority is to strengthen its state units and the
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    constitute organizations in each state wherever the


    stateunitsarealreadyinexistence;

    12 AllECmembersshouldalsofocustheirattention
    inoneormorestatestodevelopstateunits;

    13 Bytakingupthepeoplesburningissuesineach
    state, our state units and their constituent
    organizations should go to the people and organize
    strugglesbytakingourpoliticstothem;

    14 We should plan our programme based on our


    manifestoconcretelylinkingitupwiththepresentlocal
    problemsofthepeopleineachstate;

    15 ThepoliticalactioncallsgivenbytheallIndiaEC
    shoulddirectlyreflectthegroundlevelproblemsofthe
    people,whereinthelocalunitscanimplementthecalls
    bylinkingthemwithlocalburningissuesofthepeople;

    16 TheallIndiaECmembersshouldworkinclose
    coordination with each other and particularly the
    officebearers should also meet whenever needed to
    interveneintoallmajorburningissueswhichcomeup
    timetotimeatallIndialevelandatdifferentlevelof
    states;

    17 AllissuesthatvariousECmembersareinvolved
    in building struggles through different fronts should
    sharevariousaspectswiththeentireECsothattheEC
    willhavecomprehensiveideaaboutallactivities;

    18 A workshop will be conducted with the EC


    members of each state committee on organizational
    andpoliticalgrowthoftheorganizationinconnection
    withtheRDFsmanifestoandjointactivities;

    19 Allreportsfromthestatesshouldbepresentedin
    writtenformindetail;

    20 Press statements should be issued on all such


    burningissuesimmediatelyandtheyshouldsenttothe
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    stateunitsand

    21 Inadditiontootherresponsibilitiesindifferent
    frontseachECmemberisalreadyinvolvedthespecific
    statewise responsibilities for building RDF are
    entrustedhereasfollows:

    ResolutiononStateLevelStructures:
    All the state units should drive the constitute
    organizationstotakeuppeoplesissuesandstrengthen
    eachorganization.

    Each state unit should take up membership drive


    through their constituent organizations and they
    shouldalsogiveindividualmembership.

    Ourweaknesses:
    Politicalweakness:OnbehalfofRDFwehaveindeed
    triedtotakeourpoliticstothemassesthroughour
    central and state units. And we have been able to
    take the revolutionary message among the masses.
    But our activities have remained restricted to a
    limited circle only. We are yet to reach out to the
    broadermassesofworkers,peasantsandintellectuals
    to organize them in an antiimperialist antifeudal
    mass struggle. We are far behind in qualitatively
    developing the revolutionary and political
    consciousness of workers, peasants, women,
    students,youthsandoppressednationalitiesaswell
    asinbuildingtheirabilitiestoresist.Thestrengthof
    RDF is concentrated mainly among its state units.
    These state units so far have not been able to
    organizethebroadermassesaroundthemnorcould
    they establish the aims of establishing a new
    democraticsocietyinthemasses.Wehavefailedto
    minglewiththemasses,tolearnfromthemasses,to
    arouse consciousness among the masses and to
    organizethem.

    Organizationalweakness:Inthepastsevenyearswe
    have been able to form state unitsof RDF onlyin
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    Punjab, Delhi, Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal,


    Uttarakhand and Kerala. Even these units are
    structurallynotyetstrongsincetheconstituentunits
    of workers organization, peasants organization,
    womens organization, students organization or
    intellectuals organizations are organizationally
    weak. In some states no other constituent
    organization has been formed apart from the state
    committee.
    ThestateunitsofHaryanaandU.Phaveremained
    ineffectiverightfromthebeginning.InOrissaeven
    beforetheformationoftheunit,RDFwasbannedby
    the fascist state government. We have established
    contacts with people in Maharashtra, Karnataka,
    TamilNaduandAssambutwehavenotbeenableto
    formstateunitsyetintheseplaces.
    Overall one can say it is the failure, inability and
    loosefunctioningoftheCentralWorkingCommittee
    andofthestateunitsthatweareyettoreachmany
    ofthestatesofthecountry,andeveninplaceswhere
    our units are present, we are yet to establish our
    organizationstrongly.

    Weakness in publication: According to the central


    manifestoofRDF,therewasadecisiontopublishtwo
    magazines: Peoples Resistance in English and Jan
    PratirodhinHindi.AmongthesetheHindimagazine
    issomehowbeingpublishedalbeitirregularly.There
    isnoconcretegroupofeditors.Thestateunitsare
    notbeingabletocontributetoomuchwithwritings.
    The English journal Peoples Resistance is yet to be
    published. Alongside that the decision to regularly
    publish on various politicalissues,state repression,
    peoplesmassmovements,culturalissuesetcisalso
    notbeingfulfilled.

    FinancialWeaknesses:ForthefinanceofRDFaspar
    the manifesto, it is mainly dependent on the state
    units.Itwasdecidedthatthestateunitswillcollect
    funds for all central activities. The state units will
    collect money from its members, sympathizers,
    constituent organizations and larger masses. The
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    centralcommitteehasindeedbeenhelpedbysome
    ofthestateunitswithcollectedfunds.Butthatisnot
    enough. Some of the state units have remained
    completelyinactiveinthiscontext.Withoutfundsno
    organizationcanrunitself.Forthedevelopmentof
    any organization too, financial selfsubservience is
    necessary.
    Comrades,
    TodaywehavegatheredfortheAllIndiaconference
    of RDF. This Conference is the highest platform of
    our organization. We will determine our
    revolutionary future from here. We have kept our
    centralreportinfrontofyouwhichisbasedonthe
    reportreceivedfromvariousstateunits.Ifyouthink
    there are still some errors in the report then we
    welcomeyoursuggestions.Wehumblyreiteratetoall
    thecomradesthatwemuststrivetofulfilltheaims
    and objectives and political activities that we have
    resolved in our manifesto. We appeal to all our
    members from various states to fight liberalism,
    individualismandsubjectivismtounitetogetherand
    establish a political collective leadership. We must
    unitewiththelargermassofpeopleandidentifyand
    understand their problems. We have to politically
    motivate and guide people in understanding the
    rootsoftheproblemsaswellasleadthemintheir
    struggles.Themembersofthestatecommitteesmust
    keepinregularcontactwithothermembersaswell
    aswiththemembersofthecentralcommitteeand
    constituent organizations, so that on any issue a
    commonandcollectiveunderstandingandconcrete
    politicalreactionscanbemadeacrossallunits.Itis
    throughunityandcollectiveleadershipthatwecan
    overcome all our limitations and weaknesses and
    intensifytherevolutionarymassmovement.
    Thestrengtheningandsustenanceofthestateunits
    are mainly contingent on strengthening the
    constituent organizations like the organizations of
    theworkers,peasants,students,youths,womenand
    that of cultural activists. Launching membership
    campaignsisimportantforthis.Alongwithworksin
    theurbanareasouractivitiesmustbespreadinthe
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    villagestoo.Withcourageandpatiencewemusttake
    themessageandpoliticsofantiimperialistandanti
    feudal movements clearly and imaginatively to the
    people.
    The final conclusion and the success of this
    conferencewillbeachievedifweareabletoacquire
    a new revolutionary zeal from this assembly. The
    broader masses are the source ofour strength.We
    must have complete faith in the people. We must
    boldly associate with the people to build the anti
    imperialist antifeudal mass movements. We must
    intensify our movementtobuildanewdemocratic
    India. The strength of exploited and oppressed
    massesisboundless.Thepeoplearetherealheroes.
    Thevictoryofthepeopleiscertain.

    InquilabZindabad!
    Redsalutetoalldelegates!

    434] This letter shows about work of RDF organization and
    activities and responsibilities of RDF and directions issued to RDF
    organizationsinallStatestostrengtheneachorganizationandalsoto
    takemembershipandtocometogethertounderstandtheirproblems.

    435] Inthedocumentatpageno.17ofExh.267takenoutfrom
    the hard disc Exh.4 having path Exh.22/recovered folder/folder
    003/Secretary's report, titled as Secretary's report regarding
    reviewofRDFworksinceitsformationitisstatedthatRDFinthe
    presentformemergedontheNaxalbariday23rdMay2005merging
    theearliertwoorganizationsAIPRFandSFPRwhichimpactstartedas
    oneorganizationin1991,AIPRF.ItisfurthermentionedRDFsenta
    fact findingteam to study the arrestsofMaoist leaders; Comrades
    SushilRoy,PalitPawanHaldarandothersbythefacistCPMledWest
    BengalGovernment.Itisfurtherstatedbetween28January2006a
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    campaignwasorganizedbythestateunitsofRDFonthecallofthe
    AllIndiaEContheunconditionalreleaseofpoliticalprisonerslike
    comradesSushilRoy,PalitPawanandothers.ItisfurtherstatedRDF
    unitofDelhiparticipatedandinvolvedinmanyprogrammestakenby
    NepaliJanadhikarSurakshaSammitteeandNBA.

    436] Itisstatedinthesaiddocumentthatasignaturecampaign
    was taken in many states against Salwa Judum and thousands of
    signaturesweresenttothePresidentofIndia.

    437] Itisstatedinthesaiddocumentthatahallmeetinganda
    dharnawasorganizedinDelhiandotherstateson10December2006
    againstdeathsentenceawardedtoAfzalGuruandSaddamHussain.
    Theseprotestsdemandedthecommutationofdeathsentencegivento
    AfzalGuru.

    438] ItisstatedinthesaiddocumentthatAgainstNandigram
    andSingurincidentsRDFparticipatedindharnasanddemonstrations
    alongwithotherdemocraticforcesinfrontoftheCPMcentralOffice
    in Delhi in January and February 2007. RDF called for a protest
    programmeonthenextdayinDelhisoonafterNandigrammassacre
    happenedonMarch14th. Manyforcesparticipatedinit. Ahuge
    demonstrationwasheld.RDFECMemberswenttoNandigramsoon
    after 14th March massacre along with a team including BD100%
    Sharma and Medha Patkar. Addressed the press and released a
    report.ThereportwasreleasedinDelhialso.
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    439] ItisstatedinthesaiddocumentthatThetaskofRDFisto
    servePeople'sDemocraticRevolution.Ithastobuildastrongalliance
    ofrevolutionaryclassesofpeopleandmobilisethemintotheongoing
    revolutionarytask.Thistaskcannotbefulfilledbyremaininginthe
    legalistic methods of undertaking struggles. The Indian state has
    recognisedtherealnatureofthisorganisationevenbeforeitcame
    intocompleteshape and organiseditself. ItwasbannedinOrissa
    beforeacommitteewasformed.ThePrimeMinistermentioneditin
    themeetingofChiefMinisters,whichwasplanningtosuppressthe
    revolutionarymovement.ThecentralHomeMinistryalsomentioned
    theorganisationintheirreportbysayingthatthisisoneorganisation
    throughwhichMaoistaretryingtocoordinatethemselvesatallIndia
    level. Allmajornewspaperspublishedthesedetailsinfrontpages.
    WedecidedtoformtheorganisationatUGlevel,whereverthestate
    doesn't allowustofunction. Thetaskaheadistremendous. The
    challengesaremanifold.Butourstrengthisstilllimited.Inorderto
    meet our objective of serving the People's Democratic Revolution
    directly, by mobilising the revolutionary masses, we need to
    meticulouslyplanandorganisepeopleofvarioussections.

    440] ItisstatedinthesaiddocumentthatRDFallIndiaFChas
    become only a conveyor of the decisions of the CC to our mass
    organizations. It is merely working as a liaison body, instead of
    organizingthemassesfortherevolutionundertheleadershipofthe
    party. Another point in the development of the RDF is the
    developmentoftheconstituentorganizationsofthestateunitslike
    the students, youth, womens, farmers,workersandculturalfronts.
    We have to pay proper attention in developing these basic mass
    organizations to carry out programmes of action effectively by the
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    RDF.Thenewdemocraticunitedfrontalactivitycanbetakenuponly
    when our basic mass organizations are strong enough to take the
    politicalcallsofthefederationwhichisformedwithabasicviewto
    propagate revolutionary agenda among the broader masses by
    effectively countering the ruling classes reactionary politico
    ideologicaloffensiveontherevolutionarymasses.

    441] Itisstatedinthesaiddocumentatpointno.6thatSome
    comradesintheECseethearmedstrugglecounterposingthemass
    movement. Manytimes,theyraisethiswithindividualmembersof
    theECandatothertimestheyguidethecadresindifferentstates
    withthisviewdirectlyorindirectly. Anyarmedactiononthestate
    forces and enemy classes in any state by the Party evokes sharp
    reactionsamongthesemembersandtheyfreelycommentamongthe
    activistssayingthatmassmovementsfaceseverehurdlesbecauseof
    thesearmedactions. Theyalsomaintainthatmassessufferdueto
    thesearmedactions.Whennewspaperstrytopaintwrongpictureof
    thePartywhenPartyconductsarmedactionsontheenemyforcesby
    sayingthatinnocentpeoplehavebeenkilled,thesecomradeswithout
    verifyinganydetailstheyliberallysharetheviewspropagatedbythe
    bourgeois newspapers and negative comments are passed by these
    comrades.

    442] Itisstatedinthesaiddocumentatpageno.24,pointno.6
    that These views in the ultimate analysis reject the political
    understandingthattheprotractedpeople'swarasthebasislineand
    armedstruggleasthemainformofstruggleinasemifeudalandsemi
    colonialcountrylikeIndia.
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    443] Itisstatedinthesaiddocumentatpageno.24,pointno.7
    struggle is the means to unity and unity is the aim of struggle.
    ExpandingArmies,establishingdemocraticbaseareasonanextensive
    scale,buildingupcommunistorganizationsthroughoutthecountry,
    developingnationalmassmovementsoftheworkers,peasants,youth,
    womenandchildren,winningovertheintellectualsinallpartsofthe
    countryandspreadingthemovementforconstitutionalgovernment
    amongthemassesasastrugglefordemocracy.

    444] Itisstatedinthesaiddocumentatpageno.26and27,
    pointno.7Prakashfailedtofinalisetheprogrammeandconstitutinof
    A4 by incorporating amendmentsacceptedinthe conference. The
    inordinatedelayhadhappenedbecauseofseveralreasons.Firstofall
    hemadeseveralrevisionsofthedraftwiththehelpofTM/BDSand
    RR. This took a lot of time. After this when the draft almost
    finalised,theharddiskofPrakash'scomputergotcrashed.Hemade
    severaleffortstoretrievethedatabutcouldn'tretrieveit.Meanwhile
    PrakashwasnotwellandhefacedseveralproblemscomradeJaddu
    advisedPrakashtoredothefinalisationofthedraftwithouthanding
    overthisworktoanyoneelse.

    445] From this document it isclearthat it isadocument in


    respectofmergingoftwoorganizationsi.e.AIPRFandSFPRintoRDF
    which is an organization through which Maoist are trying to
    coordinatethemselvesinIndiaanditfurthershowsthatRDFisthe
    developmentofStateUnitslikestudents,women,farmers,workers
    andculturalfronts. Inordertoprovethataccusedno.6Saibabais
    using pseudo name Prakash and he made correspondence with
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    ComradesofCPI(Maoist),prosecutionhasreliedonthisdocumentin
    whichitismentionedthatPrakashfailedtofinalisetheprogramme
    andconstitutionofA4byincorporatingamendmentsacceptedinthe
    conference and when the draft almost finalised the hard disk of
    Prakash'scomputergotcrashed.

    446] According to prosecution Prakash means accused no.6


    Saibabaandthis fact isclearfromthedocumentatPageno.17of
    Exh.267inwhichitismentionedthatPrakashfailedtofinalisethe
    programme and when the draft almost finalised the hard disk of
    Prakash'scomputergotcrashed.OnperusalofCFSLreport(Exh.267)
    it reveals that in CFSL report (Exh.267) on the last page it is
    mentioned that the harddiskin Ex.1couldnot be detectedinthe
    Cyber Forensic Scientific Laboratory and hence data could not be
    retrieved fromthe harddiskandthesaidharddiskisthesameas
    referredatpageno.17ofExh.267.Hence,itrevealsthatsaidcrashed
    harddisk was sent to CFSL Bombay alongwith other electronic
    devices(Art.1to41)anditcouldnotbeopenedintheCyberForensic
    ScientificLaboratory.ItisclearthatthenamePrakashmentionedin
    theSecretary'sreportatpageno.17ofExh.267isnothingbutaccused
    no.6Saibaba.

    447] Itisstatedinthesaiddocumentatpageno.27,pointno.7
    thatacorecommitteewasformedtocoordinatetheantidisplacement
    frontwork.WhereverthecoremembersareworkinginthoseStates
    theworkisprogressing.Butabouthalfofthemembersnamedbythe
    SUCUMOdidnotjointhecorecommittee. Asaresulttheworkin
    thosestateshasbeenlaggingbehind.
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    448] Itisstatedinthesaiddocumentatpageno.29,pointno.9
    SofaralltheprogramescamefromtheCCandthroughSUCOMOin
    thissense,theFC/EClacksinitiative.

    449] Itisstatedinthesaiddocumentatpageno.29,pointno.9
    thatanotherproblemwiththepresentFCisthatittakesupproject
    basedworkratherthantakingupcontinuousandplannedworkof
    building struggles and organisation. The FC membersare so over
    burdenedwithprojectbasedworkthatcomesfromtheSUCUMO/CC
    thatwhateveristakenupearlierisdroppedofdelayedingettingit
    implemented. For example, the work on Political Prisoners got
    inordinatelydelayedduetothis. OtherECmembersdon'tshoulder
    any responsibility. Some others only attend the EC meetings and
    workintheirstates.SoweneedtodeveloptheECinsuchawaythat
    the FC members are not overburdened and the decided work is
    sharedamongtheactiveECmembers.

    450] Itisstatedinthesaiddocumentatpageno.26,pointno.7
    ThewholehouserejectedJosephandreiteratedthatPrakashshould
    be the chief coordinator. All of them unanimously said that if
    Prakashwouldn'tacceptthereshouldbenochiefcoordinator.The
    presidium ruled that despite Prakash's rejection, he had to do it
    because the whole house expressed confidence in him. Finally
    Prakashagreedtotheresolution.

    451] In print out at page no.33 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.3/newfolder(2)/allmetters1/photos/rdfconvestion there is
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    photographofaccusedno.6Saibabaaddressingtothepeopleunder
    the banner of RevolutionaryDemocraticFront (RDF) ALL INDIA
    FIRSTCONFERENCE.

    452] In printout at page no.35 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.3/C/NewFolder(2)/AllMettersI/photos/C.R.P.P.programmes
    thereisphotoofaccusedno.6Saibabaandthereappearsameeting
    under the head of banner Release all political Prisoners
    unconditionally and in that meeting accused no.6 Saibaba is
    addressingtothepeople. Thisshowsthat accusedno.6Saibabais
    theactivememberofbannedorganization.

    453] One document at page no.41 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/Oct.2010/people res/material on JP/interview with
    G.N.Saibaba is having photo of accused no.6 Saibaba below the
    titled as, Interview of G.N. Saibaba on the Revolutionary and
    DemocraticMovementsinIndiainwhichhestatedthathestarted
    workingin an antiimperialist organizationformedat the allIndia
    levelcalled AllIndiaPeoples'ResistanceForum(AIPRF) andthe
    AIPRF in 2005 merged with other similar organizations to form
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF).Inmoststates,itsmembers
    andmainfunctionariesarearrestedandincarcerated.Hundredsofits
    functionarieseithersufferinprisonsorworkindifferentforms.Inhis
    interviewaccusedSaibabarepliedtooneofthequestionthattheRDF
    believesthatmilitantmobilizationofbasicclassesofthepeopleisthe
    only way to democratize the SouthAsian Subcontinent. RDFalso
    involvesinbuildingandparticipatinginthelargerUnitedFrontsof
    differentdemocraticandantiimperialistforcesinthecountry.
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    454] Fromthisdocumentitrevealsthataccusedno.6Saibaba
    during interview stated that AIPRF merged with other similar
    organizationtoformRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)frontal
    organizationofCPI(Maoist)anditsmembersarebeingbrandedas
    linkswithCPI(Maoist).Fromthisinterviewitclearlyrevealsthatthe
    natureofthecommunistmovementinIndiahascompletelychanged
    withtherise of the Naxalbari revolutionandRDFpromotswayof
    NaxaliteguerrialsandthebannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)supports
    allthemovementsofRDFcontinuouslytobuildrelationshipbetween
    them. Thisdocumentalsoshowsthat40to50%ofwomenarethe
    party members in the banned organization CPI (Maoist) and its
    frontalorganizationRDFandtheAadiwasipeoplehavebeenresisting
    undertheleadershipofnaxalitesandorMaoist.Fromthisdocument
    itclearlyrevealsthatthebannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)andits
    frontalorganizationRDFareworkinginAadiwasiareainGadchiroli
    district.

    455] Onpageno.54ofExh.267havingpath Exh.4/All/Tehelka


    titledasTehelkathereisphotographofaccusedno.6Saibabaand
    at the beginning accused no.6 G.N. Saibaba stated that the real
    alternativewillcomefromthemaoistsandatthelaststatedthatthe
    growthoftherevolutionarymovementunderCPI(Maoist)hasalways
    remained outside of the electoral rat race. According to the
    governmentfigures,ithasgrownin200districtsacrossthecountry.
    The changing ruling parties in various states and their devious
    electoral theatrics are irrelevant in the growth of the Maoist
    movement. In West Bengal, it grew even when the socialfascist
    CPI(M)wasinpowerwithallitsrepressivemechanism.Itisgrowing
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    becauseofitsincreasingmassbaseandthesupportofthepeople.
    Irrespective of the party in power, it has always fought the ruling
    class.Whetheraparticularpartyiselectorallyoustedornotdoesnot
    makeanydifferenceinthegrowthofthisrevolutionarymovement.
    Tosaythisistostatethetruthasitexistsontheground.

    456] Fromthisdocumentitrevealsthataccusedno.6Saibabais
    activememberofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontal
    organizationRDFwhichhasgrownin200districtsacrossthecountry.

    457] The document at Page no.72 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/old EHD/old/all12345/PP/main decision(2) titled as Main
    aspects**ofproceedingsofthePreparatoryCommitteeconvened
    towards forming the Committee for the Release of Political
    PrisonersshowsmeetingwasheldatRajendraBhawan,DeenDayal
    Upadhyay marg, Delhi dated 20108 and it shows that some
    resolutions were passed in the meeting i.e. release of political
    prisoners,ondeathpenalty,condemnthesocalledwaragainstterror
    oftheManmohanSinghGovernment.Exposetheantipeoplenature
    of the HOAX of so called internal security threat and on prison
    conditions. Itisalsomentionedinthesaiddocumentthat,Itwas
    suggestedthatthePreparatoryCommitteeshouldhaveaConvenor's
    team. After further deliberations along with the four member
    presidium,G.N.Saibaba(Accusedno.6)andRonaWilsonwerealso
    madepartoftheconveningbodyofthecommittee. Thus,thetotal
    numberofmembersintheConvenors'Committeeequalledsix.Later
    Prof. Amit Bhattacharya was declared the Coordinator of the
    Convenor'sCommitteewiththeconsentofthehouse.
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    458] Contents of the document clearly reveals that the


    committee passed resolutions to release the political prisoners, on
    deathpenaltyandcondemnthesocalledwaragainsttheterrorof
    ManmohanSingh'sGovernment.Itshowsthattherewasdisaffection
    againsttheGovernmentandtheysupportprisonersandthepersons
    whoundergonedeathpenaltywholawfullypunished.

    459] A document at Page no.75 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/oldEHD/old/all12345/PP/proceedings(1) titled as Main
    aspects of proceedings of thePreparatory Committee convened
    towards forming the Committee for the Release of Political
    Prisoners held at Rajendra Bhawan, Deen Dayal Upadhyay marg,
    Delhidated190108isaboutthereportofcommitteefortherelease
    ofpoliticalprisonersandinthesaidmeetingoneoftheparticipantSir
    Gilanipointedoutthewayinwhichprisonshavebecomethearenaof
    politicalvendettaandtortureofisolationandincarcerationofpeople
    belonging to specific communities. Further another participant
    Surendra Mohan talked about the Salwa Judum in the State of
    ChattisgarhwheretheStatehasusedtribalsagainsttheirownfellow
    forestdwellers.FurtheroneoftheparticipantRonaWilsonstatedthat
    the calculated hysteria of the so called war against terror and the
    hype of Maoists being the single largest security threat in the
    subcontinentastoldbynoneotherthanthePrimeMinisterofIndia,
    along with the ruthless implementation of the policies of
    Liberalization,PrivatizationandGlobalizationhavecreatedascenario
    wherethegeneralmassesofthesubcontinentwasfacingtheworst
    kindsofonslaughtsontheirrighttodissent.Fromthisdocumentit
    reveals that participants i.e. leaders and activists of the said
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    committeearefightingforreleaseofprisonersthroughthestrategyof
    Maoists and supporting ideology of Maoist in West Bengal, Tamil
    Nadu,AndhraPradeshandMaharashtra.Further,itismentionedin
    this document that some suggestions were made for sending the
    invitationtotheorganizationsseparatelyandalsomentionedthatG
    N Saibabahas informedtocontact themat the endofeachmail
    content so that they will under the importance and his Email ID
    namedasGNSaibaba:
    gnsaibaba@gmail.com
    isappearinginit.

    460] Intheletteratpageno.78ofExh.267takenoutfromthe
    harddisk Exh.4 having path Exh.4/OLD EHD/OLD/All
    12345/ILPS/DearArman,addressedtoDearArmanitismentioned
    that,AninternationalteamofILPStovisitareasofantidisplacement
    movements in India in March 2008 tocome out withareport for
    internationalpropoganda.TheteamwillalsotovisitChhattisgarhin
    theareaeffectedbySalwaJudum,anareaofindigenouspeoplemost
    serious affected in a major way. Other important areas, among
    others, would be Nandigram and Singur West Bengal, Kalingar,
    JagatisgapurandKashipurinOrissa,andJharkhand.theteamneeds
    toinIndiaforatleast15days.FurtherILPStoaidandpromotethe
    formation of international Solidariety Committees supporting and
    taking up the issues of Indian Antidisplacement movement
    particularlyinEuropeandAmericastostartwith.Theinternational
    monopoly corporate houses that directly displace, kill, maim, rape
    peopleinIndiaaretobetargetedinabigwaythroughcampaign.
    Andattheendoftheletterthenameofaccusedno.6G.N.Saibaba
    havinghisemailIDgnsaibaba@gmail.comismentioned.
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    461] A letter at page no.81 of Exh.267 having path path

    Exh.4/All old and new/others/international/dearGNSaibaba is


    addressed to G.N. Saibaba by Ufuk Berdan, Chairperson of the
    InternationalRelationCommissionATIK(AvrupaTurkiyeliIsciler
    Konfederasyonu). ItshowsthattherewasinvitationtoArundthaty
    RoytovisittheirorganizationandlastlycomplimentedG.N.Saibaba
    tomeetthemsoonandwishhimallthebestinhisstruggle.

    462] A document at page no.82 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/oldEHD/redpendrive/w02010/working dictionary/campaign/
    India/correspondence isa DraftletteraddressedtoTheGeneral
    Secretary,CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)inwhichthenameof
    accusedno.6G.N.Saibabaisappearingattheendandthesaidletter
    showsabouttheproblemsofAdivasiswhowerekilled,torturedand
    raped and villages being burnt in the unprecedented military
    operation of the Government of India and also suggested that the
    militaryoffensivehasallthecharacteristicsofgenocidetohavebeen
    launched on the tribal people of these regions and simultaneously
    targetedagainsttheCPI(Maoist)andotherpeople'sorganizations.

    463] Adocumentatpageno.84ofExh.267havingpath isa


    DraftletteraddressedtoTheGeneralSecretary,CommunistParty
    ofIndia(Maoist)inwhichthenameofaccusedno.6G.N.Saibabais
    appearingattheendandthesaidlettershowsabouttheproblemsof
    Adivasiswhowerekilled,torturedandrapedandvillagesbeingburnt
    intheunprecedentedmilitaryoperationoftheGovernmentofIndia
    and also suggested that the military offensive has all the
    characteristicsofgenocidetohavebeenlaunchedonthetribalpeople
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    oftheseregionsandsimultaneouslytargetedagainsttheCPI(Maoist)
    andotherpeople'sorganizations.Thecontentsofthesaiddocument
    arereproducedasunder:Draftletter
    To
    TheGeneralSecretary
    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)

    19February2010
    Dear
    We,agroupofdemocraticindividualsfromDelhi,
    writetoyouamidsttheseriousturnofeventsinthe
    last few months with the Government of India
    declaringOperationGreenHunt(thoughtheUnion
    HomeMinisterdeniedthisnamebeinggiventothe
    militaryoperationatleastonceinthemedia)inthe
    centralandeasternregionsofthetribalhabitats.We
    hear with great pain and shock about officially
    unsubstantiatedfiguresofadivasisbeingkilledand
    thousandsbeingtortured,womenbeingrapedand
    villages being burnt down in this unprecedented
    militaryoperationoftheGovernmentofIndiaever
    initiatedsince1947.

    Weareawarethatthismilitaryoffensivehasallthe
    characteristicsofgenocidetohavebeenlaunchedon
    the tribal people of these regions and
    simultaneously targeted against your party and
    other peoples organizations. We have also openly
    statedseveraltimesthatthismilitaryoffensiveisa
    pretexttocleartheareasundermentionfromany
    hurdlesthatwillcomeinthewayoftheunbridled
    exploitation of forest and mineral wealth of the
    region.Furtherwebelievethattheapproachofthe
    GovernmentofIndiatolookatthewholequestion
    asapurelylawandorderissuegoesagainstthevery
    own conclusions arrived at through studies
    undertakenbyitsowninstitutions.

    Wehavegonethroughthestatements,appealsand
    interviewsissuedbyyouandyourcomradesinthe
    past six months responding to this situation
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    regarding your proposal of talks with the Union


    Government.Weappreciateyourstandalongwith
    thereasonableandjustifiedframeworkproposedfor
    creatingthenecessaryconduciveatmospherebefore
    anydialoguecouldtakeplace.Wehavealsobeen
    keenlyfollowingthestatementsissuedbytheUnion
    Home Minister, Mr P Chidambaram offering talks
    with your party. He has modified his stand from
    putting conditions like abandoning of arms to
    abjuringofviolenceoverthemonths.

    Weareoftheopinionthatitstheresponsibilityof
    the Government of India to create conducive
    atmosphere by suspending the military operations
    andtemporarilyholdingbacktheparamilitaryand
    othercombatforcesfromalltheseregionstoinitiate
    a dialogue. Once the Government starts fulfilling
    theseresponsibilities,wehopethatyourpartyalso
    suspends all hostilities against the security forces.
    Weproposethisnotasapreconditiononeitherside
    butasconfidencebuildingexercisetomovetowards
    afruitfuldialoguewhereintheUnionGovernment
    andrespectiveStateGovernmentsononesideand
    the CPI Maoist and various concerned peoples
    organizations on the other. As of now, it is
    unfortunatethattheGovernmenthasnottakenany
    concrete steps towards this direction, though
    reiteratedseveraltimesitsofferoftalks.

    We are also of the firm opinion that the Union


    Governmentshouldholdthisdialogueandnotthe
    concerned State Governments as primarily the
    Constitution of India reposes the responsibility of
    theScheduledareasandthetribalpeoplethrough
    its Fifth Schedule. Also since the grave issue in
    questionisconcernedwithseveralstates,nopiece
    meal effort like what had happened in Andhra
    Pradeshbefore2004willyieldanyconcreteresults.

    Wemakeitclearbeforeyourpartythatweareno
    peacebrokers. We are neither pacifists nor do we
    stand on behalf of any aggressive exploiter being
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    aware of the history of peoples struggles in this


    countryingeneralandthatofthetribalpeoplein
    particular.Thisproposalisbeingmootedprincipally
    becauseweareconcernedaboutthepeopleasyou
    are. We do not represent the government or your
    partyinanyaway.

    We would like to know the concrete steps and


    framework of the political dialogue including an
    understandingoffacilitatingtheprocessfromyour
    sideauthoringustonegotiatewiththeGovernment
    of India in this regard. We would like to have
    comprehensiveandconcreteproposalstobesentto
    usintheformofaletteraddressedtoussothatwe
    canproceedasacollectivetoinitiateaprocesswith
    theUPAalliancethatcommandsthegovernmentat
    the Centre. This however doesnt mean that we
    representyourpartyoranyotherorganization.We
    onlyworktofacilitatethisprocess.Yourpartyisa
    sovereignpoliticalorganizationtodecideaboutyour
    emissariesandrepresentativesintheactualprocess
    oftalksandtowardschartingthemodalitiesforthe
    samedialogue.

    Weexpectyourreplyattheearliest.

    Insolidarityandconcern,

    Prof.RandhirSingh,JusticeRajenderSachar,Dr.B
    DSharma, Prof.ManoranjanMahanty, Arundhati
    Roy, Prof. Amit Bhaduri, Sumit Chakravarty, G N
    Saibaba (Accused no.6), Prashant Bhushan, P K
    Vijayan,SARGeelani,SarojGiri,andKarenGabriel.

    464] A document at page no.86 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/researchwork/IMP/ResearchWork/Researchplan/personnel/
    personnel/personnel final/personal/contacts/final reply to Arman
    letterbySaiisaletteraddressedtoDearComradeArman(AIPRF)
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    byaccusedno.6Saibabainwhichhelastlysuggestedtodevelopthe
    antiimperialist forces to the maximum possible and further stated
    thattheirstrengthisnodoubtlimitedbutfocusitinadirectionto
    give maximum results. Some recitals of the said document are
    reproducedasunder:

    Basically the ILPS Committee formed at the


    internationallevelandthelocalbodyofMR2004
    shouldactasfacilitatorstomaketheprogrammea
    grandsuccess.

    Nowforsomeotherpointsofclarificationtoyour
    letter:
    1)ThedraftonintroducingMR2004isnottobe
    continuouslychangedbutwastobefinalizedbythe
    list of initiators. This was a necessary democratic
    procedure. Now, thiswillnotchange,andwillbe
    theminimumbasistodrawinwiderparticipation.
    Thosewhocannotacceptitwillsimplynotjoin.So,
    thereneednotbeanyapprehensionthatthedraft
    willbecontinuallychangedtosuittherequestof
    the individual orgs. Practically, there were no
    majorchangesproposedbytheInitiators.

    2)FromSept5toNov.7theInitiatorswilltravelall
    overthecountryfortheformationoftheReception
    Committee and bring in a host of participating
    organizations, all of whom will be called to a
    meetinginMumbaionNov.9whereanOrganizing
    Committeewillgetelectedofabout25persons.

    Here we propose that ILPS and some of the


    organizations from outside India particularly from
    Philippines,TurkeyandEuropeshouldbetherein
    theOrganizingCommittee.

    The Initiators bodywilltherebyget dissolvedand


    the OC will get formed and take on the central
    responsibilityfortheMR2004,inconsultationwith
    the participating organizations, both at the India
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    andinternationallevel.ILPSneedstoplayacrucial
    role.

    3)Regardingthetopicsfortheworkshopsandthe
    plenarysessionswehavetaken intoconsideration
    theproposalsoftheILPSmeetofJuly17andalso
    theneedsofthelocalorganizationsinvolved.Being
    held in India and with the bulk of the audience
    being mobilized from here, quite naturally the
    issuesmustberelevanttothoseattending.Wehave
    tried to accommodate most of the subjects
    suggestedattheILPSmeet.

    4) Regarding the inclusion of other international


    organizations the question of WPRM was already
    settledintheILPSmeeting.TheGeneralSecretariat
    MeetingoftheILPSsays,wprmcanjoinMR2004.
    InIndiaitisasignificantforcesotheyshouldbe
    approachedforsponsoringtheevent.

    5)RegardingtheformationofILPSIndiaaspartof
    thisprocess,asofnowwehavesomeproblemsto
    be sorted out. Besides our organizations
    representative in the ICC there is another
    representative, Fatima; an NGO about whom we
    knowlittle.Andthelittlethatwenowknowisnot
    verypositive.Anyhow,therearealsoanumberof
    otherparticipantsfromIndiaaswell.Someofthem
    are the massfrontsfromtherevisionist partiesin
    power.Evenwhenwegetreadytoworkwiththem,
    theyrunaway,whiletheirpartiesinpower(West
    Bengal) kill and unleash repression on us and
    other sister organizations. At present we do not
    havethesubjectiveforcestotakethestep;andifat
    allwefeelitnecessarytodoso,itwillrequirefar
    greaterdiscussioninthemotherorg.beforesucha
    stepcanbeinitiated.Thattheantiimp.forcesinthe
    countryhavetobeconsolidatedintheprocessisnot
    debated; the question before us is how best this
    couldbedonegiventhesubjectiveforcesavailable
    tousandcomplexityofrelationsthatexistamong
    themassfrontsinILPSfromIndia.
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    6) Regarding MR 2004 we consider it a onetime


    event and not any continuous process. As the
    situationevolvesvariousformsandmethodsmaybe
    necessary.

    465] Fromthisdocumentitisclearthataccusedno.6Saibaba
    hasinvitedtheComradesofMaoistOrganizationfromothercountries
    toameetinginMumbaiwhereorganizingcommitteewillgetelected.

    466] Inaletteratpageno.87ofExh.267 takenoutfromthe


    harddisk Exh.4 having path Exh.4/all Old and new/news
    addressedtoconcernedcomradesdated20.12.2010sentbyPrakash
    andentireteam,inwhichitismentionedthatWearesurprisedto
    seethemailcirculatedbytheAnuradhaGhandyMemorialCommittee
    stating that Baburam Bhattarai would deliver this year's (3rd)
    Anuradha Ghandy Memorial Lecture on 14th January, 2011 in
    Mumbai. Further it is mentioned that we are pained to see
    Baburam Bhattarai being selected to fondly recall such an ideal
    revolutionary personality as Anuradha Ghandy not to say a role
    modelforrevolutionarieswhofoughtrevisionism.Furtherourteam
    discussedthisinternallyandfeltthatweshouldconveyourstrong
    feelingsattheearliesttosomeofyouwhoareinvolvedinorganising
    AnuradhaGhandyMemorialLectureeveryyear.Infactwearehighly
    inspiredbyyoureffortstoconsistentlyorganisethememoriallecture
    to remember and commit ourselves for the revolutionary work for
    which Comrade Anuradha is a symbol. Further we will face
    tremendouscriticismfromtherevolutionarypartiesandorganisations
    fromallthecountrieswherewehavefraternalrelations. Wecan't
    simply explain them in any way about this event as they are also
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    engagedinideologicalstruggleagainstthePrachandaBaburamclique
    asmuchasweareinvolvedinthiscountry.

    467] In letter at page no.88 of Exh.267 addressed to Dear


    ComradebyPrakashandtheentireteam,itwassuggestedthatNow
    asperthedraftconstitutionofA3asyouknowunitscanbebuiltwith
    variousconstituentorganizations(NDRbasedMOs)intheareaorif
    suchasituationisnotthereforanyreasonwecanalsobuilditasa
    unitaryorganisationwithindividualmembers.Lastly,itwassuggested
    thatOnApril22,(Lenin'sbirthanniversaryandformationdayofCPI
    ML) in line with recent PB's suggestion, how would it be if we
    conduct a small meeting with Marxist intellectuals and our open
    activists and friends a discussion on Socialism and the need for
    propagating Socialism as the only alternative to the crumbling
    capitalism/imperialisminthepresentcontext.

    468] In printout at page nos.90 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/All Sai/for study/latest/Vanja's Articles titled as I am
    convincedtheNaxalites(Maoists)havealotofsupportinwhich
    itismentionedthatAnewspaperandbananashelpedlinkupwith
    Maoists.TheCommunistPartyofIndiaMaoist(CPIMaoist)askedC.
    Vanaja twice to reach Chhatisgarh all the way from her home in
    Hyderabadbutonbothoccasionshercontactsfailedtoturnupand
    on third time, she was told to come with newspaper andbananas
    pretendingtobeanordinaryvisitorandatthattime,Vanajadidthat
    andmadecontactwiththehighlysecretiveMaoists.Fromthisletter,it
    reveals that there is usual practice of Naxalites (Maoists) to use
    newspaperandbananaspretendingtobeanordinaryvisitorandat
    thattime,Vanajadidthatandmadecontactwiththehighlysecretive
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    Maoiststocontactwiththeirsecretepersonswhichtheaccusedno.1
    and2followedinthiscase.

    469] A document at Page no.94 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/Old EHD/Read Pen Drive/WD 2010/Working Directory
    2010/others/DantewadaPressRelease isa PressReleaseissuedby
    RamannaSecretaryDKSZCCPI(Maoist)titledasTheclaimmade
    by the government that 7 Naxals were killed by the CoBRA,
    GreyhoundsandSPOsinanencounterbetweentheMaoistsand
    thepoliceon10thNovember2009iscompletelyfalse!whereinit
    ismentionedthattheclaimmadebytheGovernmentthat7'Naxals'
    were killed by the CoBRA Greyhounds and SPOs in an encounter
    between the Maoists and the police on 10th November 2009 is
    completely false. In the said letter there was appeal to all the
    democratic,progressiveandpropeopleorganisationsandindividuals,
    democratic and civil rights organizations and activists, writers and
    intellectuals, journalists, students and youth to come forward and
    makealleffortstostopthisgenocideandbrutalrepressioncommitted
    on the people by the Indian government and to punish the police
    officersguiltyofthesecrimes.

    470] This letter shows that police officers in India are first
    targetofnaxalsandthatnaxalswanttopressurisetheGovernment.

    471] A document at Page no.97 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/8 Oct 2012/120610DK/Martyrs DayEng titled as
    Communist Party of India (Maoist) by Gudsa Usendi,
    Spokesperson, Dandakaranya Special Zonal Committee, CPI
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    (Maoist) headed by Observe Martyrs Week From July 28 to


    August3!RedHomagetoOurPartysForefoundersandBeloved
    TeachersComradesCharuMazumdarandKanhaiChatterjee!and
    furtheritismentionedthatByvirtueofthesesacrifices,revolutionary
    movementhasbeenadvancingraisingtheslogan NaxalbariEkHi
    Rasta, with the aim of building liberated areas through areawise
    seizure of political power. July 28 is an important day to
    commemorate the sacrifices of all the martyrs and to rededicate
    ourselvestofulfilltheircherisheddreams. Furtheritismentioned
    thatrepressionalwaysleadstorevolutionisahistoricaltruth.Ideas
    cannotbewipedoutbykillingpeople.Theissueofhunger,poverty,
    unemployment, corruption,scams,pricehike,displacementetc.are
    makingpeoplerestless.Noneoftheparliamentarypoliticalpartieshas
    anycredibilityintheeyesofthepeople.Inthiscontext,thefactis
    thattheMaoistPeople'sWarwhichismarchingaheadwithmatchless
    sacrifices and heroic struggles, stands asa great inspiration to the
    toilingmassesofthecountry.Let'spledgetoexpandthepeople'swar
    across the length and breadth of the country and to intensify the
    guerillawarbysafeguardingtheParty.Let'semulatetheidealsofthe
    martyrs and propagate their spirited life histories among the vast
    people. Withtheinspirationofthegreatmartyrs,let'sconsolidate
    therevolutionarymovementaspertheaspirationsofthebillionsof
    Indianoppressedmasses.

    472] A Document at page no.99 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/Old EHD/OLD/All 12345/Concept of Revolutionary Mass
    Organizations titled as Concept of Revolutionary Mass
    Organizations (RMOs)showsthatnorevolutioncanadvanceuntil
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    andunlessthevastmassesaremobilizedtoactivelyparticipateona
    massscaleinitandnotmerelystayaspassiveobservers. Todoso
    requiresthattheparty,thepeople'sarmyandtheUFbeeffectively
    consolidatedwhiledoingthemasswork. Buildingthesecretparty
    deepamongstthemassesanddrawingthemintothearmedstruggle
    and antiimperialist, antifeudal United Front can alone result in
    effective wielding theseizureofpoliticalpower.Itfurthersuggests
    that while people's war has already started in 17 states of India
    revolutionarymassorganizationsmustemphasizetheiractivitieson
    strengtheningthearmedstrugglesandbuildingarmieswhilecontinue
    their mass movements like processions, Demonstrations, mass
    meetings, Protest movements, street cornermeetings,seminarwith
    intellectuals, cultural functions etc. In present day India armed
    struggleandbuildingofarmyisthemaintaskofallRMOs. Inthis
    connection we can remember and lean from Comrade Raja Mouli
    (Prasad)whoplayedanimportantroleinsuccessfullybuildingthe
    RYL in an underground way in the new situation of classenemy
    throughoutIndia.

    473] A document at page no.103 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/8Oct2012/BanonRdf/2012Gad_MS430banorder(PDF
    files)titledasGovernmentofAndhraPradeshAbstractwrittenby
    Minnie Mathew, Chief Secretary to Government reveals that
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)formedwiththemergerofAll
    India People's Resistance Forum (AIPRF) and Struggling Forum for
    People'sresistance(SFPR)inMay2005,isapartofTacticalUnited
    Front,hasbeenindulginginthefollowingunlawfulactivitiesnamely,
    1] Sub serving the interest and objectives of the
    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)whoseavowed
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    objectivesistooverthrowthelawfullyestablished
    Government by means of force and violence
    through terrorist activities involving the use of
    firearmsandexplosives;

    2]UrgingpeopletofightagainstthePoliceandjoin
    theMaoistmovement;

    3] Opposing and demanding stoppage of anti


    extremist combing operations of the police and
    securityforcesintheleftwingextremismaffected
    area of the States and there by abetting and
    encouragingtheviolentactivitiesofMaoist;

    4] Organising dharnas, rallies and other forms of


    agitationsinsupportoftheunlawfulactivitiesof
    theCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)and

    5] Opposing lawful actions of police and criminal


    justice system and inciting the people to take
    violence against the democratically elected
    governmentestablishedbylaw.

    474] Fromthedocumentatpageno.105ofExh.267takenout
    from the hard disc Exh.4 having path Exh.4/Ritu 13 March/my
    documents/DSU/from Jatinder/Democratic right movement/
    Document, written by Santosh Kumar, Principal Secretary of
    Government, itisclearthatitisanotificationtitledasTheOrissa
    Gazette EXTRAORDINARY PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY HOME
    DEPARTMENT NOTIFICATION DATED The 20 TH June 2006, having
    totalthirteennumbersofnotificationsregardingbanonCommunist
    PartyofIndia(Maoist),RevolutionaryDemocraticFrontEtc.

    475] A document at page no.107 of Exh.267 is a Gazette


    NotificationofHomeDepartmentofOrissaGovernmentdated20th
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    June 2006 wherein Revolutionary Democratic Front subserving the


    interestsandobjectivesoftheCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist),has
    beenindulginginthefollowingunlawfulactivities,namely:
    (1) Sub serving the interest and objectives of the
    Communist PartyofIndia(Maoist)whose avowed
    objective is to over throw the lawfully established
    Governmentbymeansofforceandviolencethrough
    terroristactivitiesinvolvingtheuseoffirearmsand
    explosives;

    (2)UrgingpeopletofightagainstthePoliceandjoin
    theMaoistmovement;

    (3) Opposing and demanding stoppage of anti


    extremist combing operations of the police and
    securityforcesintheleftwingextremismaffected
    area of the States and there by abetting and
    encouragingtheviolentactivitiesofMaoist;

    (4)Organisingdharnas,ralliesandotherformsof
    agitationsinsupportoftheunlawfulactivitiesofthe
    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)and

    (5)Opposinglawfulactionsofpoliceandcriminal
    justice system and inciting the people to take
    violence against the democratically elected
    governmentestablishedbylaw.

    Lastly, by this Notification, Orissa Government declared


    the Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) to be an unlawful
    associationwithimmediateeffect.

    476] The Orissa Government has declared Jana Natya


    Mandali, Chasi Mulia Samiti, Krantikari Kisan Samiti, Daman
    Pratirodh Manch, Kui Lawenga Sangha, Bal Sangam as an
    unlawfulassociationandthedocumentsareatPagenos.108to113.
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    477] The above documents notifying RDF as a unlawful


    associationbyAndhraPradeshandOrissaGovernmentwerefoundin
    theharddiskseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.
    ThisshowsthatRDFisinvolvedinunlawfulandterroristactivities.

    478] A document at page no.114 of Exh.267 titled as


    ExpressingSolidaritywithCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)
    wherein it is appealed to continue on the path of Comrade Azad,
    spokespersonforCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist).Itismentioned
    inthesaiddocumentthatComradeAzadwouldhaveplayedavery
    criticalanddecisiveroleatthecurrentjuncture:atatimewhenthe
    reactionary Indian state on one hand has mobilized more than
    250000policeandmercenaryforcesagainsttheMaoistpeopleswar
    withintheframeworkofalargemilitarycampaigncalledOperation
    Green Hunt, and on the other hand it is espousing a deceptive
    propaganda about "peace talks" and "ceasefire." In the said letter
    there was criticism on the Andhra Pradesh Government about the
    death of Comrade Azad. The resistance of the masses under the
    leadership of CPI (Maoist) against "Operation Green Hunt" that
    spreadsacrosstwentystatesoutof28Indianstatesisaresistance
    againstthecompradorpoliciesofthereactionaryIndianstatewhichis
    makingpossiblethevastplunderandpillageofthenaturalresources
    ofIndiabymultinationalcorporations.Intheprocessoftheongoing
    resistance, which continuouslyexpandsandspreads,the massesof
    peopleareselflesslygivingsacrificesandalsogivetoughblowstothe
    viciousandrepressiveforcesofthereactionarystate.Theofficialsof
    the reactionary Indian state and at its helm the Prime Minister,
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    ManmohanSingh,sincethelastfewyearsiscontinuouslydeclaring
    thattheMaoistpeopleswaristhebiggestthreattotheIndianstate.
    ThearmedstruggleandthecurrentpeopleswarinIndiathatisbeing
    ledbyCPI(Maoist)isthecontinuationoftheNaxaliteuprisingthat
    beganafewdecadesagointhatcountry.Nowthisrevolutionarywar
    hasspreadacrossthevastandpopulouscountryanddirectlyaffects
    thelivesofhundredsofmillionsofIndianmasses,themartyrdomof
    comradeAzad,asoneofthecentralandtopleadersofthemovement
    isconsideredanimportantsuccessforthereactionaryandatrocious
    Indian armed forces. But, among the hundreds of millions of the
    revolutionaryIndianmasses,therearemanymore`Azads'andmany
    other`Azads'willjointhebattle.Thepeople'swarinIndiacanand
    shouldsuccessfullyovercomethislossandcontinueaheaduntilthe
    total victory of the revolution. Communist (Maoist) Party of
    Afghanistanonthepathofstruggleforstartingthepeopleswarin
    Afghanistan,whosespecificcharacteratthecurrentjunctureisthe
    people's revolutionary national war of resistance against the
    imperialist occupiers and their puppet regime will commemorate
    comradeAzadandexpressesitssolidaritywithCPI(Maoist)andthe
    peopleswarinthatcountryontheoccasionofthisloss.

    479] Adocumentatpageno.117ofExh.267isapressrelease
    ofCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist),CentralCommitteebyAzad,
    Spokesperson, Central Committee CPI (Maoist) has written Red
    SalutestoMaoistLeaderscomradesSkhamuriAppaRao(Ravi)and
    KondalReddy(Ramana)and furthersuggestedtotakerevengefor
    the deathofleadersofCPI(Maoist)fromtheGovernment andto
    builtcountrywidewaveofpeople'sstruggletosweepawaythefascist
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    regimeledbyleadersofIndianGovernment.Itisallegedinthesaid
    letterthatthecoldbloodedmurdersofMaoistleadersareanintegral
    partoftheunprecedentedfascistoffensiveunleashedbytheCentral
    and State Government against the CPI (Maoist) in the name of
    operationGreenHunt.

    480] In the document at page no.119 of Exh.267 taken out


    from the harddisk Exh.4 having path Exh.4/OLD EHD/OLD/All
    12345 titled as Maoist Strategy in India with Sub title An
    interviewwithG.N.Saibaba,itismentionedthataccusedno.6G.N.
    Saibaba is the deputy secretary of the Revolutionary Democratic
    Front, an all Indian Federation of revolutionary organizations and
    further stated that the Maoist are following the new democratic
    method proved by China under the leadership of Mao that the
    revolutionarymovementsmustputpriorityonworkingintheareas
    where the State is weak. The Maoists are following the new
    democratic method proved by China under the leadership of Mao,
    thattherevolutionarymovementsmustputpriorityonworkinginthe
    areaswherethestateisweak. TheMaoistsworkinthebackward
    regionstosmashthelocalgovernmentandestablishpeople'spower.
    Theybuildbasesinthesebackwardareas. Thisdoesn'tmeanthat
    theydon'talsoworkinthecities. Infact,inthepartycongressin
    January/February 2007 they decided to increase their work in the
    ubranareas.Theyhaveproducedanewdocumentconcerningwork
    intheurbanareasthatanalysestheworkdonethelastthirtyyears.
    This document sets out a strategy for developing the work in the
    urbanareas.
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    481] It is further mentioned in the said document that The


    Maoistsdoworkintheurbanareasamongtheworkingclassesand
    the middle classes. This has secondary importance. The primary
    importance is to capture the villages first and develop the armed
    strugglewithpeasantsasthemainforceandwiththeworkingclass
    astheleadership.Thismeansnotjustthephysicalworkersbutthose
    ofthepeoplethathavetheproletarianideologyandwithoutproperly
    oftheirownMaoistsdocombinelegalandtheillegalstrugglesasfar
    asthereisspaceinlegalmeansavailable.Whateverlittlelegalspace
    there is, it's being used to the maximum extent possible. But the
    ruling classes don't allow thee use legal means and different
    institutionsofdemocracy. Participatinginelectionsisnottheonly
    way to participate in legal and urban spaces. Even boycotting
    elections is a highly political activity, which is another way of
    participatingpoliticallywithinthegivendemocraticspacethatexists
    inIndia.FirstofalltheMaoistsareconcentratingongainingpower
    forthepeopletobuildpeople'sdemocraticrevolutionaryinstitutions.
    Whenthisisachievedinlargeareastheywillgetmorespaceinthe
    urbancentresandinstitutions.

    482] It is further mentionedin the saiddocument in Note 2


    thatthefollowingisacloserdescriptionofthecommunistmovement
    inIndiatodayaccordingtoaccusedno.6Saibabaandtherearethree
    differentmainstreamsoftherevolutionarymovementlike(a)CPM
    maoistpeopleswar(b) Cpi(ml)naxalbari,ctandothersarealso
    MaoistandclosetotheMaoists.AlsoCPRCML,RedFlag,Communist
    Revolutionary Platform, CCICP(ml), CPI(ml)central team, CPM
    (ml)newdemocracy.Theseareallsmall,buttheyhaveamassbase.
    Theypartakeinmassstrugglesbutdonotfollowacorrecttrack.They
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    followarightdeviationistline.CP(ml)liberationisnowfastturningto
    revisionism,afairlylargeparty.Therearenoleftrevisionistgroups
    remaining. There used to be Lin Biao groups, they hardly exist
    anymore.

    483] Itisfurthermentionedinthesaiddocumentthatthelast
    streami.e.(c)oftherevolutionarymovementismentionedinabove
    document is that Communist League(ml) split from the CPI(ml)
    originallyinthe1970s.TheybelievethatIndiaiscapitalist.Theysplit
    intofivedifferentgroups.Theyareverysmall.Theyworkinurban
    areas.Theyarepettybourgeois.Theyconstituteademocraticvoicein
    thecountrytoday.Theyvoicetheurbandemocraticintellectuals.

    484] A photograph at page no.144 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.5/C/All photos/photo sai/New folder 1/File038 headed by
    Krantikari Janwadi Morcha in which there appears programme
    andinthatphotographaccusedno.3HemMishraisstandingonthe
    stageaddressingtopeopleandaccusedSaibabaisappearing atthe
    rightsideofthestage.FurtheroneprintoutofphotographofPublic
    Meeting,thereisaccusedSaibabaaddressingtopeople.Furtherthe
    accusedSaibabaisappearinginanotherprintoutinoneprogramme
    underthebannerofConventionAgainstWaronPeople.

    485] From document at page nos.170 of Exh.267 taken out


    fromtheharddiscExh.4havingpathExh.4/OTHERS,itisclearthat
    itisaPressstatementofCOMMUNISTPARTYOFINDIA(MAOIST)
    CENTRALCOMMITTEENorthRegionalBureau datedJune32011
    issuedbyGudsaUsendiSpokesperson, DandkaranyaSpecialZonal
    CommitteeCPI(Maoist).Inthisdocumentitisstatedatpageno.171
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    and172OPPOSETHEARMYDEPLOYMENTINBASTAR!TALKOF
    TRAINING IS NOTHING BUT A PLOY TO DECEIT THE PEOPLE!
    GIVINGPOWERSTOTHEARMYTOATTACKINTHEPRETEXTOF
    SELFDEFENSEISNOTHINGBUTFREEHANDFORMASSACRES
    ANDATROCITIESONADIVASIS!FollowedbydetailedPressRelease.
    ItisfurthermentionedthatOurSpecialZonalCommitteeappealsto
    all democrats, human rights organizations, antidisplacement
    movements, Adivasis organizations, and wellwishers of Adivasis,
    intellectuals,writers,Artistesandmediapersonstoraisetheirvoice
    againstsettingupofArmytrainingschoolsinBastarandtheproposed
    huge land grab meant for this purpose. Come forward to build
    agitations with the slogan Indian Army, Go back from Bastar.
    Oppose the deployment of the Army in the ongoing war against
    people in the name oftrainingschools.Demandtoscrapallthose
    MoUssignedbythegovernmentofChhattisgarhwithbigcorporate
    housesandallthoseprojectsofforcefullandacquisition.

    486] Adocumentatpageno.172ofExh.267 takenoutfrom


    the hard disc Exh.4 having path Exh.4/OTHERS, is press release
    titled as Communist Party of India (Maoist) dated June 4, 2011
    issuedbyAbhaySpokesperson,CentralCommittee,CPI(Maoist).In
    thisdocumentitisstatedatpageno.173and174thatDeploymentOf
    Army In the name of Training Schools Puts The Very Existence
    AboriginesandInhabitantsofBastarInPeril!,ForestBelongsToThe
    IndigenousPeople(Mulvasis) TheGovernmentDoesntHaveAny
    RightOverEvenAInchOfIt!,IndianArmyGOBACKDoNotKill
    YourOwnCitizens!followedbydetailedpressrelease. Fromthis
    document it reveals that the Central Committee CPI (Maoist)
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    appealed to the banned organisations particularly the Aadiwasi


    OrganisationinIndiatoraisevoiceagainstdeploymentofArmyin
    centralandeasternIndia.FromthisdocumentitrevealsthatCentral
    Committee of CPI (Maoist) calls upon people of Bastar and
    ChhatisgarhtofightagainsttheIndianarmyastheyarebackingthe
    policeandparamilitary.

    487] Inaletteratpageno.174ofExh.267takenoutfromthe
    harddiskExh.4havingpath Exh.4/latest/haidear,writtentoHai
    dearbyAmani,itismentionedthatHaidear,Howareyou?Howis
    yourhealth?TwodaysbackIaminastrugglingsituation.Ifaceda
    lotofstrugglebecauseIamintheturningpoint.ElsewhileItooka
    decisionaboutManjeera. Iamnotspendtoseeher. Becausemy
    work is changed and a lot of work to do. It is difficult to do
    implement the decision earlier we both of them took a lot of
    discussion is going here in that there is noquestion to see her in
    whichplace?/where?themainquestioniswhyyouareseeing?prs
    theydon'thaveanyfamiliesorfamilyattachments.Ifyouwanttodo
    work like pm (part time) then you take Mj. If you continue this
    positionyoumustdon'thaveanyfamilyrelations.Anyfamilyrelation
    donot use to the movement are cut it don't continue with them
    (parents also). Further take correct decision then our Cmeet is
    possible. Ifyouwanttodiscusswithsaitaketimeandtellbetteris
    youtakeyourowndecisionaboutMJ. PersonalproblemisPolitical
    politiciseyourproblem. HowmanychildrenareinIndiafacethis
    problem? We are doing nothing abroad your thinking and take
    decisionabout34hoursonlywediscussedMjissuethereisnooption
    youwanttotakecareaboutMJwethinktocontinuedthisCmeet?no
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    Cmetshallpostponed. Furthermostoftheremainingcontentsisin
    Englishscriptandinsomeotherlanguage. Fromthisdocumentit
    revealsthatAmaniwhoiswifeofaccusedno.6Saibabahaswritten
    saidlettertoaccusedno.6Saibabainwhichproblemsfacedbytheir
    daughterManjeerawerediscussed.

    488] Adocumentatpageno.175ofExh.267havingpath Ex
    4/cy47513ex4/c/OTHERS isaPressReleaseofCommunistParty
    ofIndia(Maoist),DandakaranyaSpecialZonalCommitteetitledas
    Oppose The Raoghat Railway Line And The Mining Project
    Which Would Derail The Very Existence Of Bastariya People!
    ClaimOfSavingBhilaiSteelPlantisNothingButTrickeryEnsuring
    the Plunder of Bastar's Wealth By Multi National Companies is
    Reality!!. In this document it is mentioned that local people of
    Bastar were opposing the project because of destroy of forest and
    largeportionofadjoiningforestwouldalsobedestroyedduetothis
    project.ItisfurthermentionedthattheSpecialZonalCommitteeof
    CommunistPartyofIndiacallsuponalltheworkersandfarmersof
    ChhatisgarhtodemandtheclosureofRaoghatProjectandtooppose
    theArmyDevelopmentinBastartosuppresstheirjuststruggle.This
    documentshowsaccusedwasopposingGovernmentactions.

    489] Adocumentatpageno.177ofExh.267havingpath Ex
    4/C/oct2010/Talks dated 31st May 2010 written by Azad,
    spokesperson,CentralCommittee,CPI(Maoist),Indiaregardingthe
    proposalfortalksbyMr.P.ChidambaramtoSwamiAgniveshinwhich
    itismentionedthatCPI(Maoist),Indiadesirespeacesincerelyinthe
    interestsofthelakhsofadivasiswhoarebeingcruellycrushedunder
    thejackbootsoftheforcessentbytheIndianStateandthepeopleof
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    ourcountryatlarge.However,toensuretheestablishmentofpeace
    there should be ceasefire or cessation of hostilities by both sides
    simultaneouslyinsteadofaskingonesidetoabjureviolence.Ifthe
    governmentisreallyseriousaboutreducinglevelsofviolencethenit
    shouldimmediatelyliftthebanonthepartyandmassorganisations
    so as to facilitate them to take up open forms of struggle. If the
    governmentisseriousaboutholdingtalksitshouldinitiatemeasures
    to release Party leaders as a prelude to the release of political
    prisonersandmostimportantly,itshouldstopallitseffortstoescalate
    the war including the measure of calling back all the paramilitary
    forcesdeployedinthewarzones.

    490] A letter at page no.180 of Exh.267 having path Ex


    4/C/oct2010/talksaddressedtoDearSwamiAgniveshjibyShrikant,
    amemberofCentralCommittee,CPI(Maoist)dated3rdAugustin
    which allegations were made against P.Chidambaram, the then
    FinanceMinisterofIndiathatsocalledeffortsbyCPI(Maoist)are
    torpedoedbyChidambaramwithhisdirtytricksbykillingcom.Azad
    andhereferredP.ChidambarmasHitler.

    491] Adocumentatpageno.182ofExh.267havingpath Ex
    4/C/Alloldandnew/othersisaletterwrittenbySwamiAgniveshto
    The Central Committee Leadership, Communist Party of India
    (Maoist)inwhichheaskedtopayrealhomagetoMr.Azadwhich
    wouldbethecontinuationofthepeaceprocessandfurtherappealed
    toleadersofCPI(Maoist)todiscussandarriveatadateformutual
    ceasefire.
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    492] Fromthedocumentatpagenos.183ofExh.267takenout
    fromtheharddiscExh.4havingpathExh.4/onAzad/Statementon
    AzadKillingbyCPI(Maoist),itisclearthatitisapressstatement
    dated3rd July2010titledas CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist),
    Central Committee North Regional Bureau wherein it is
    mentionedthatItisnotanencounteratall!!Itisacoldblooded
    murderbyAPPolice!!RedSalutetoMartyrscom.Azad(Cherukuri
    Rajkumar) and com. Hem Pandey (Jitender)!! Let us avenge the
    killingofthebelovedcomradesbythekhakicladfascistgangsofAP
    government!!Followedbydetailedpressstatement.

    493] A document at page no.186 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/OTHERS is a Press Release of Communist Party of India
    (Maoist)CentralCommitteewithaheading,Throwintothedust
    binall theviciouspropaganda carriedon by therulingclasses
    and corporate media against the Maoist leadership! In this
    documenttheSpokespersonAbhay,CentralCommitteeCPI(Maoist)
    made allegations against the State Government that the faithful
    servantoftheimperialistsandthePrimeMinisterofIndiaManmohan
    SinghbegandescribingtheMaoistmovementasthebiggestinternal
    securitythreatafterthishistoricunity.Itisalsoanundeniablefact
    that the ruling classes have intensified their fascist offensive on
    massivescaleagainsttherevolutionarymovementonlyafterthisand
    lastlyappealedtotheoppressedpeopleoftheworldandourcountry,
    democrats and revolutionary ranks to condemn this vicious
    propaganda,tostayalerttosuchtricksofthestate,tothrowthem
    intothedustbinandtostandfirmlywiththerevolutionarymovement
    insolidarity.
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    494] A document at page no.188 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/311212/Rdf Conference Material/Day 2 of first RDF
    Conference is Minutes and Proceedings of Day 2 of First RDF
    Conference, reveals that accused no.6 Saibaba had attended the
    said conference of RDF organisation and he conducted the said
    conference and in this conference the resolutions of publication of
    severalbookscontainingMaoistliteraturewerepassedanddiscussed
    aboutthesolidaritytoRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)toend
    greenhuntoperationandtoremovethearmy.Atpageno.196ofthe
    saiddocumentthereferenceofAbuzmadinGadchirolidistrictwas
    madeanditismentionedinthesaiddocumentthatAbuzmadwasan
    areainwhichtherewasnoadministrationandarmyisbeingsentto
    combat Maoist. On perusal of confessional statements of accused
    no.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotewhichiscorroboratedby
    theevidenceofP.W.9RajuPoriyaitrevealsthataccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirkiandno.2PanduNaroteweretakingaccusedno.3HemMishrato
    theforestofAbuzmadinGadchirolidistricttomeettheunderground
    naxal leader and lady naxal leader Narmadakka but they were
    arrestedatAheriBusStand.

    495] Inaletteratpageno.200ofExh.267takenoutfromthe
    harddisk Exh.4 having path Exh.4/new folder/teacher responce,
    addressed to The Home Minister, Ministry of Home Affairs
    GovernmentofIndiaNewDelhi110001dated4August2013,itis
    clearly mentioned that Sir, This is with reference to the report
    titled,DUkaProfessorSurakshaAgenceyonkeNishaneparbyNiloo
    Ranjan,intheDainikJagranof1August2013.We,theundersigned
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    (teachersofDelhiUniversity,JawaharlalNehruUniversityandJamia
    MiliaIslamiaUniversity)aredeeplyshockedatthecasualandcallous
    mannerinwhichthesaidreporthasleveledoutrageousallegations
    againstaseniroandrespectedcolleague,Dr.G.N.Saibaba,Asst.Prof.
    inEnglishatRamLalAnandCollege,DelhiUniversity.Anewspaper
    ofthestandingandexperienceofDainikJagaranshouldhaveatleast
    observedtheminimaljournalisticethicofconfirmingtheseallegations
    withDr.Saibaba,beforepublishingthem.Dr.Saibabahasexpressly
    statedthatheneitherknows,nowknowsofanyonebythenameof
    MaheshSaikia,whosestatementstothepoliceallegedlyidentifyDr.
    SaibabaasamemberoftheStateCommitteeoftheCPI(Maoist).He
    hasalsocategoricallydeniedbeingamemberofanyStateCommittee
    oftheCPI(Maoist). Furtherbesidesbeingarespectedteacherand
    academic,Dr.Saibabahasinsistentlyandconsistentlyraisedhisvoice
    againstthemilitaryoffensivethathasbeeninitiatedagainstthetribal
    populationsofIndia,aswellasonahostofotherissues.Furtherwe,
    the undersigned, strongly condemn such measures, whether
    undertakenbythestateofbypurportedlyindependentmediahouses
    likeDainakJagaran,withorwithouttheconnivanceofthestate.We
    stand in complete solidarity with our colleague, Dr. G.N. Saibaba,
    against the groundles and unprovoked defamatin that this news
    reporthascarriedout.Wewishtorecordourprotestinthestrongest
    termstothetargetingofDr.Saibabainthismanner,anddemandthat
    DainikJagaranshouldissueanunconditionalapolotyforthereport,
    andretractitimmediately. Andwedemandthatyou,astheHome
    Ministerofthiscountry,controltheunrulyintelligenceagencieswho
    aretryingtospreadgossipandrumourswithanintentiontothreaten
    thefreedomofspeechandcriticaldissentofindividualsinthename
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    ofwaragainstterror. Pleasedoaddhereyourname,institutional
    affiliationandotherdetailsandsendyourconsenttobeasignatoryof
    this representation. From this letter it reveals that this letter is
    writtenbyaccusedno.6SaibabatoHomeMinisterpretendingthatit
    waswrittenbytheprofessorsofDelhiUniversitywhereaccusedno.6
    SaibabawasworkingasProfessorfordenyingtheallegationslevelled
    againsthimtobeaMemberofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist).

    496] Inaletteratpageno.203ofExh.267takenoutfromthe
    harddiskExh.4havingpath Exh.4/leafletSujitBasu, addressedto
    Dear Tara Prakash sent by Saibaba, it is clearly mentioned that
    DearTaraPrakash,IunderstandthatSambhavanaisnotaMarxist
    disabled teachers' organisation. Organisations like Sambhavana
    shouldincludealldisabledteachersirrespectiveofwhatphilosophy
    they believe in and Sambhavana is rightly doing so. I have no
    disagreementwithyouinthisunderstanding.Butdiscussionsonall
    ideological positions can take place in an organisation like
    Sambhavanasothatindividualmemberstaketheirowndecisionsand
    willfeelfreetoexpressthemselves. Furthertherulingclassesand
    their governments always portray the fighting people and their
    movementsascreatinganarchyandchaoswithaviewtosuppress
    them.Iamcompletelyinfavourofdestabillsingtheauthorityofthe
    exploitativeauthoritieswhooppresswithruleofthumb.Theruling
    classescalltheantiestablishmentmovementsasanarchist. Thatis
    completely different from what I have discussed in my earlier
    response.Theindividualswhoadvocatefornonpartisanpolitics,the
    socalledindependentorganisationswithoutexternalaffiliationand
    stand against party politics ultimately turn against organised
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    resistanceoftheoppressedandmarginalisedsufferingpeople.Thisis
    thehistoricaltruth. Fromthisdocumentitrevealsthatthisletter
    was written by accused no.6 Saibaba to one Tara Prakash stating
    therein that to do concrete work not only disabled teachers'
    organizationbutalsosuggestedtodotheworkaboutthedeployment
    ofIndianArmyagainstAadivasisinChhattisgarh.

    497] In the document at page no.205 of Exh.267 taken out


    from the harddisk Exh.4 having path Exh.4/All other/I feel
    demoralised to act on any issue, a letter dated 17 June 2003
    addressedto ComradebyPrakash inwhichitismentionedthatI
    feel demoralised to work. I ampsychologicallyexhaustedandit is
    because of my restricted movements I am discriminated against,
    though unwillingly for the UG interactions and strangely again, I
    provedtobemoremobilethananyoneintheentirecountryasfar
    themassorganizationsareconcernednotonlyintermsofquantityof
    workbutalsoqualitativelyandhowever,myphysicaldisabilityhas
    becomemypoliticalAchillesHeelwithregardtomyproximitywith
    party committees, which should not have been the case with a
    revolutionary party. This letter shows that 'Prakash' is accused
    no.6Saibaba.

    498] ItisfurthermentionedinthesaidletterthatasIhave
    beenfacinginhumandiscriminationinthesociallyoppressivesociety
    I was born into since my childhood, I felt liberated in the
    revolutionarycirclesandmassesofourpartyinfluence.Fromthis
    documentitrevealsthatthesaiddocumentwaswrittenbyaccused
    no.6SaibababyusinganothernameasPrakash.
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    499] Inaletteratpageno.206ofExh.267takenoutfromthe
    harddiskExh.4havingpathExh.4/Data/personal/To,withtitleTO
    written to Secretary SubCommittee on Mass Organization
    (SUCOMO) CPI (Maoist) written by Prakash dated 2 December
    2006,itismentionedthatDearComrade,Ihavebeenservingonthe
    all India Fraction Committee under the Subcommittee on Mass
    Organization(SUCOMO)undertheCentralCommitteeoftheParty
    since1996.Iamdeeplypaintedbythetreatmentmetedouttowards
    mebysomecomradesalltheseyears. NowIfindmyselfinamore
    aggravatedsituation. Iamnotinapsychologicalconditiontobear
    thesituation. Myhealthisalsonotcooperatingtofacethepresent
    aggressive attitude of these comrades towards me. Therefore, I
    herebysubmitmyresignationtomyprimarymembershipoftheparty
    andtotheFractionCommittee.Ialsoresignfromallthecommittees
    oftheMassFrontswhereverIamamember.However,Iwouldliketo
    state here that I have no differences with the basic political and
    ideologicallineoftheParty. IremainasupporterofthePartyand
    servethemovementinwhateverlittlewaypossibletome.Iofferm
    apologyfortakingthisdecisionatatimewhenIshouldhavebeen
    doing more quality work in building the mass work I have been
    entrustedwithbytheParty. MydecisionofresignationtotheParty
    membershipandallMassFrontsisfinalandnonnegotiable. Iwill
    soonsubmitadetailedletterofresignation. Thisshowsthatitisa
    resignationletterbyaccusedno.6Saibaba...

    500] AdocumentatPageno.208ofExh.267havingpath Ex
    4/Cy47513Ex4/c/All other is a letter addressed to Dear
    Comrades by Prakash (i.e. accused no.6 Saibaba) in which it is
    mentioned that A decade of work in the mass front has been
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    completedforme. NowIfeelImaybegivenworkinthedirectPt
    frontthatdemandstogoundergroundforwhichIamprepared.If
    myhandicapnessisunsuitableforsuchwork,Iampreparedforany
    jobentrustedbythePt.Insuchacase,myfieldmaybechangedto
    thatofcivilrightswork.OnlyincaseIwillnotfitforUGwork.But
    inmanagerialandlisioningwork.IalsodevelopedafeelingthatIam
    condemned to stay in Delhi as long as I am in A3 in the present
    circumstances.Iamforcedtothinkbythecircumstantialconditions
    thatnobreakthroughispossibleatpresentinA3. Ithasdeveloped
    someinnatequalitiesofinertness.Amajoreventualityisneededto
    changethesituationthatmayevenrequireatotalchange. Idonot
    wanttowasteanymoretimeinmycadrelifeonthis. Fromthis
    documentitrevealsthatthesaiddocumentwaswrittenbyaccused
    SaibababyusinganothernameasPrakash.

    501] The document at page no.210 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/311212/Rdf Conference Press note final Day2 taken out
    from the harddisk Exh.4 having path Exh.4/8 Oct 2012/RDF
    ConferenceMaterial/RDFConferencePressNoteDay2, titledas
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront (RDF),isa Press Release dated
    23rdApril2012abouttheConferenceheldatHyderabad,Telangana
    whichwaswrittenbyaccusedno.6 Saibaba,anditisstatedtherein
    thatG.N.Saibaba,theDeputySecretaryofRDF,aBhumaiahofthe
    Telangana Praja Front (TPF), alongwith Varavara Rao revolunary
    poet and Lenin Kumar, editor of Odiya cultural magazine Nishan,
    Jharkhand'sSharmilaofNariMuktiSanghandothersaddressedthe
    delegates of the RDF conference on its first day and it is further
    mentionedinthesaiddocumentthatAnewAllIndiaCommitteehas
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    been elected by the Conference consisting of eighteen executive


    members from 13 states and it is further mentioned in the said
    documentthatthefirstconferenceofRDFsuccessfullyconcludedwith
    theresolvetocarryforwarditsstatedgoalsofmobilisingthepeople
    forstrugglesinthetimestocome.

    502] Fromthedocumentatpageno.213ofExh.267takenout
    from the harddisk Exh.4 having path Exh.4/Nepal/copy of
    matter.zip.sda/matter/disenwithBrt,itrevealsthatitisregarding
    discussionwithBiratGrp.Sept.2010andfurtherstatedthatEven
    police force has advanced weapons compared to Nepal. So
    sophisticated weapons neededtofight against despotismandmust
    face IndoBhutan mercenaries. Regional, national, sociocultural,
    linguisticmultiplicitymuchmorecomplexofNepal.

    Personaldocumentsofaccusedno.6Saibabawasfoundinthe
    electronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)seizedfromthehousesearchof
    accusedno.6Saibaba.

    503] Somepersonaldocumentsarealsofoundintheelectronic
    gadgets Arts.1 to 41 i.e. CDs, DVDs, Pendrives, harddisks seized
    from the house search of accused no.6 Saibaba under seizure
    panchanama(Exh.165)whichareasunder:

    504] On perusal of document at Art.150 taken out from the


    pendrive (Exh.23) seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba under seizure panchanama (Exh.165) having path Exh

    23/ALLL/AccommodationIssue/Letters/Representationbeforethe
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    InquiryCommittee, itrevealsthatitisaletteraddressedtoProf.
    Anandakrishnan,ChairmanInquiryCommittee anditismentioned
    thereinasfollows
    Lookingintotheallegationsinconnectionwiththe
    recent selection of candidates to teaching post at
    CIEFL, Hydrabad, by the University Grants
    Commission 12th December 2006 wherein it is
    stated,Iamaphysicallyhandicappedpersonwitha
    severedeformity(90%).Bothmylowerlimbswere
    affectedbypolioinmychildhood.Icannotstandor
    walkonmyown. Imoveinawheelchair. Witha
    greatdifficultyIcouldcomeuptothelevelofhigher
    education.PresentlyIamalecturerinapermanent
    position at Ram Lal Anand College, University of
    Delhi. I am deeply interested in teaching and
    studyingliteraryandculturalformsandpracticesof
    oursociety.Iamengagedinteachingandresearch
    in literary studies at the University of Delhi and
    pursuingforaPhDdegreefromThedepartmentof
    English,UniversityofDelhi.

    505] OnperusalofadocumentatArt.151takenoutfromthe
    pendrive (Exh.23) seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba under seizure panchanama (Exh.165) having path letter/

    documentExh23/ALLL/LetterreAdhocAppointment, itreveals
    thatitisaletteraddressedtoTheprincipalRamLalAnandCollege
    UniversityofDelhiBenitoJuarrejRoad,NewDelhi110021anditis
    mentionedthereinasfollows
    Wewouldliketobringtoyournoticeonceagain
    that a good number of classes, including two
    sections of Foundation Course, six sections of
    Application Language course of FYUP and several
    English Honours classes of Semester III and V
    remained unassignged at the Department of
    English.
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    506] OnperusalofadocumentatArt.152takenoutfromthe
    pendrive (Exh.23) seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba under seizure panchanama (Exh.165) having path Exh

    23/ALLL/LettertoNarayanaAcademy, itrevealsthatitisaletter
    addressed to Mr. Santosh Kumar Mishra, Centre Head (Kingsway
    Camp)2ndFloorMallRoad,NearGTBNagarMetroStation,Delhi,
    anditismentionedthereinasfollows

    My daughter, G. Manjeera (Admission No :


    162:1801)joinedyourprogramETYCP2014inMay
    2012. However, she could not cope up with the
    course beyond September 2012 due to several
    reasons. With your kind cooperation and
    counselling we have tried to continue her in the
    course and below the lette name of accused
    Dr.G.N.Saibabaismentioned.

    507] OnperusalofadocumentatArt.153takenoutfromthe
    pendrive (Exh.23) seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba under seizure panchanama (Exh.165) having path Exh

    23/ALLL/All/LettertoSBI,itrevealsthatitisaletteraddressedThe
    ManagerSBI,DelhiUniversityBranch, anditismentionedtherein
    whichisreproducedasfollows
    On 31 October a sum of Rs.5000/ was debited
    frommysavingsaccount(No.30577065300)twice,
    thoughIwithdrewonlyonce.Infacttherearefour
    entriesonthesamedayinmypassbookandat
    thelast,belowYourstrulynameofA.S.Vasantha
    Kumariiswritten.

    508] OnperusalofadocumentatArt.154takenoutfromthe
    pendrive (Exh.23) seized from the house search of accused no.6
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    Saibaba under seizure panchanama (Exh.165) having path Exh

    23/ALLL/All/ResearchUnitforpoliticalEconomy,itrevealsthatit
    is a letter addressed Girish Srnivasan Research Unit for Political
    Economy,GroundFloor,SawantMarg,Colaba,Mumbai400005,and
    itismentionedthereinwhichreproducedasfollows

    509] Apologies for delay in sending the payment for


    photocopyingandpostagecharges. DuetohecticscheduleIcould
    not immediately send the cheque. and below the letter name of
    accusedno.6G.N.Saibabaiswritten.

    Documentsinrespectofforeignrelationsandcorrespondenceof
    CPI(Maoist)IndiawithCPI(Maoist)ofothercountriesfoundin
    theelectronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)seizedfromthehousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    510] Prosecutionreliedonthedocumentstakenoutfromthe
    electronicgadgetsArts.1to41i.e.CDs,DVDs,Pendrives,harddisks
    seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaunderseizure
    panchanama (Exh.165) which are alongwith Exh.267 shows the
    incriminatingmaterialinrespectofrelationsandcorrespondenceof
    CPI(Maoist)IndiawithCPI(Maoist)ofothercountriesagainstthe
    accusedwhichareasfollows:

    511] From the letter dated 31 March2005at page no.13of


    Exh.267takenoutfromtheharddiscExh.4havingpath Exh.4/All
    other/lawyer'stourofsouthAsia, itisclearthatitwaswrittenTo
    allchaptersandsupporterswhereinitismentionedtheStatements
    of2ndInternationalDelegationtoSouthAsiaanditisstatedthatthe
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    main purpose of this delegation was to investigate the current


    situation of the Nepali Revolutionary Leaders C. Prakash Gajurel
    (known as Comrade Gaurav) and Mohan Baidhya (known as
    Comrade Kiran) who are being held prisoner by the Indian
    government.Itisfurtherstatedthatthedelegationalsocametothe
    conclusion that the arrest, mistreatment and imprisonment of 19
    NepalinationalsinPatna,whowerelegallyinIndiaatthetimeof
    their arrest, is another politically motivated abuse of the rights of
    theseprisoners. TheIndiangovernmentisalsochargingthemwith
    seditionandincitingtowagewaragainstIndiabasedsolelyon
    theirpoliticalviewsandtheiradmittedmembershipinorsupportfor
    theCommunistPartyofNepal(Maoist).

    512] A document at Page no.57 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/c/for said/working Directory 201/New Folder/final months
    aftercorrection/Manjeera/coretitledasMeetingofCoreofA3/A4
    onOct2ndand3rd2006containsvariousresolutionsregardingthe
    suggestionsofdemandsforthecampaignofbuildingA3andA4,mass
    movement,displacementmovementandfundsandbudgetsforthe
    developmentofA3andA4committeesofbannedorganisationCPI
    (Maoist)workinginvariousStatesofIndiaanditismentionedthat
    Prakashi.e.accusedno.6Saibabaalongwithhiscompanionmusttake
    serious attempts at consultation on all A4 FC decisions and other
    matters concerning the organization. This document stating that
    RegardingtheVicePresidentshipofA3,Josephwillcontinuetillthe
    conferenceandPrakashwillbeaskedtotaketheresponsibilitydueto
    hisgreaterroleinA3andfurtherstatedthat Prakashhasagreedto
    takeontheresponsibilityofA3networkingthroughtheemailwith
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    internationalcontacts. InthisregardJosephwillhandoverallthe
    contacts to him. From this letter it shows that international
    responsibilitywasgiventoaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    513] A document at page no.78 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/OLDEHD/OLD/All12345/ILPS/DearArman,Exh.267 isa
    letteraddressedtoDearArmanwhereinitismentionedthatwhen
    accusedno.6SaibabaisinLondon,HollandandBirminghamduring
    theirdiscussionfollowingproposalsareagreed

    Some representatives from India from antidisplacement


    front, political prisoners and RDF, possibly anti caste
    movementwilljoinILPSTIA.

    An international team of ILPS to visit areas of anti


    displacementmovementsinIndiainMarch2008tocome
    outwithareportforinternationalpropaganda.Theteam
    willalsotovisitChhattisgarhintheareaeffectedbySalwa
    Judum, an area of indigenous people most serious
    affected in a major way. Other important areas, among
    others, would be Nandigram and Singur West Bengal,
    Kalingnar, Jagatisgapur and Kashipur in Orissa, and
    Jharkhand. The team needs to in India for at least 15
    days.

    Followed by the teams report, an International Public


    HearingmaybeconductedassuggestedbyComradeJose
    MariaSison,withinternationallyrenownedpeopleasjury
    simultaneously from IndiaandLondon sessionsthrough
    videoconferencing.Butasectionoftheinternationaljury
    beablepresentinIndia.

    ILPS to aid and promote the formation of international


    SolidarityCommitteessupportingandtakinguptheissues
    of Indian Antidisplacement movement particularly in
    Europe and Americas to start with. The international
    monopoly corporate houses that directly displace, kill,
    maim,rapepeopleinIndiaaretobetargetedinabigway
    throughcampaign.
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    ComradeVaravaraRaohasagreedtoparticipateinthe
    TIA.500]

    514] This document shows that there are some international


    programmesofILPSorganisationandattheendoftheletteraccused
    no.6Saibabahasinformedtocontactsomemembersattheendof
    eachmailcontainedsothattheywillunderstandtheimportanceof
    theorganisationandatthefootofthislettertheemailofaccused
    no.6Saibabaisgiven.

    515] A document at page no.81 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/All old and new/others/international/dear GNSaibaba is a
    letter on the letter head of ATIK (Avrupa Turkiyeli Isciler
    Konfedersasyonu), Turque and Europe addressed to accused no.6
    G.N.SaibabafromChairpersonofInternationalRelationCommission
    ATIKwhereinitismentionedthatsaidATIKlaunchedacampaignfor
    thesolidaritywiththeIndianpeopleandpeople'smovementagainst
    OperationGreenHunt(OGH)aschemeofIndianGovernmentand
    invitedSeniorMaoistleadersfromIndiatoEuropeandalsotalkedto
    TurkeyaboutthejoiningofMaoistleaders.Fromthisletteritreveals
    thataccusedno.6SaibabaisanactivememberofCPI(Maoist)India
    andheisincontactandhasrelationswithotherMaoistorganisations
    workinginforeigncountries.

    516] A document at page no.92 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/OLDEHD/All others 2/Arrange/Azad matter/Communist/
    Movement containsmaterialagainst imperialism,againstmodern
    fascism, struggle, organize and construct the party written by
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    Communist Party MaoistItaly, France, Turkey North Kurdistan and


    suggested that to install amid the rebel youth of the imperialist
    banlieues, constructing youth revolutionary organisms and to give
    support and orientation to the student struggles, immigrants,
    lodgement occupants, to the popular struggles on the territories
    against military bases. Strengthen and expand women's struggle,
    constructing a revolutionary proletarian feminist movement. To
    struggle against repression, in developing campaigns and Red Aid
    organisms.Ontheinternationalleveltosupport allantiimperialist
    strugglesandpeoples'warsandfurthersuggestedtocontributetoa
    newunityamongcommunistpartiesonthebasisontheproletarian
    internationalism,theassertionofMarxismLeninismMaoism,thepath
    torevolution. AttheendofletterthereismentionofCommunist
    PartyMaoistItaly,CommunistPartyMaoistFrance,Communist
    PartyMaoistTurkeyNorthKurdistan.

    517] A document at Page no.114 of Exh.267 is an article


    published by Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan on the
    occasionofMartyrdomofComradeAzad,aMaoistLeaderofIndia.
    Thecontentsofthesaiddocumentarereproducedasunder:
    OntheOccasionofMartyrdomofComradeAzad
    Expressing solidarity with Communist Party of
    India(Maoist)

    Comrade Azad, spokesperson for Communist Party


    ofIndia(Maoist),wasmurderedonJuly1st2010.
    Letushonourhismemoryandcontinueonhispath!
    ComradeAzadwasamemberofcentralcommittee
    and also a member of the politbureau of the
    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist).Hisdeathisa
    biglossfortheCPI(Maoist),theIndianrevolution,
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    the revolutions of the region, and also the global


    revolution.Hewouldhaveplayedaverycriticaland
    decisiveroleatthecurrentjuncture:atatimewhen
    the reactionary Indian state on one hand has
    mobilizedmorethan250000policeandmercenary
    forces against the Maoist peoples war within the
    framework of a large military campaign called
    OperationGreenHunt,andontheotherhanditis
    espousing a deceptive propaganda about "peace
    talks" and "ceasefire." His murder at the hands of
    Andra Pardesh's special forces, and that even in
    anotherstate,whichisevenillegalunderthelawsof
    the Indian state, illustrates the fact that the
    reactionary state is using the false propaganda
    around"ceasefire"and"peacetalks"asafaadefor
    hidingitsantipeoplebrutalrepressionandforthis
    purposetheywouldevenbreaktheirownlaws.The
    resistanceofthemassesundertheleadershipofCPI
    (Maoist) against "Operation Green Hunt" that
    spreadsacrosstwentystatesoutof28Indianstates
    isaresistanceagainstthecompradorpoliciesofthe
    reactionary Indian state which is making possible
    thevastplunderandpillageofthenaturalresources
    of India by multinational corporations. In the
    process of the ongoing resistance, which
    continuously expands and spreads, the masses of
    people areselflesslygivingsacrificesandalsogive
    toughblowstotheviciousandrepressiveforcesof
    thereactionarystate.Theofficialsofthereactionary
    Indian state and at its helm the Prime Minister,
    Manmohan Singh, since the last few years is
    continuouslydeclaringthattheMaoistpeopleswar
    is the biggest threat to the Indian state.
    Thearmedstruggleandthecurrentpeopleswarin
    India that is being led by CPI (Maoist) is the
    continuation oftheNaxaliteuprisingthatbegana
    few decades ago in that country. Now this
    revolutionary war has spread across the vast and
    populous country and directly affects the lives of
    hundreds of millions of Indian masses, the
    martyrdomofcomradeAzad,asoneofthecentral
    andtopleadersofthemovementisconsideredan
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    importantsuccessforthereactionaryandatrocious
    Indian armed forces. But, among the hundreds of
    millions of the revolutionary Indian masses, there
    aremanymore`Azads'andmanyother`Azads'will
    join the battle. The people's war in Indiacan and
    shouldsuccessfullyovercomethislossandcontinue
    ahead until the total victory of the revolution.
    Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan on the
    path of struggle for starting the peoples war in
    Afghanistan,whosespecificcharacteratthecurrent
    junctureisthepeople'srevolutionarynationalwarof
    resistanceagainsttheimperialistoccupiersandtheir
    puppet regime will commemorate comrade Azad
    and expresses its solidarity with CPI (Maoist) and
    thepeopleswarinthatcountryontheoccasionof
    thisloss.

    Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan


    July15,2010

    518] A document at page no.136 of Exh.267 titled as


    PrabhathamwillnotdieshowsthatthegenocideinSriLankaon
    Tamils is the continuation of aggression on the fighting people of
    Pelestine,AfghanistanandIraqanditisallegedthatthisgenocideon
    the Eelam struggle under the leadership of V Prabhakaran was
    supportedbyIndianGovernment.

    519] AdocumentatPageno.137ofExh.267undertheheadof
    Office of the Prime Minister Transnational Government of Tamil
    Eelam,875,AvenueoftheAmericas,Suite1001,NewYork,NY1001,
    USA,dated19February2011titledasWesharethisJoyfulmoment
    withthepeopleofEgypt!.

    520] AdocumentatPageno.139ofExh.267undertheheadof
    Office of the Prime Minister Transnational Government of Tamil
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    Eelam,875,AvenueoftheAmericas,Suite1001,NewYork,NY1001,
    USA, dated 8 March 2011 titled as Vehement condemnation of
    Despicable Attack on Member of Parliament Sivagunanam in Sri
    Lanka!.

    521] AdocumentatPageno.224ofExh.267havingpath Ex
    4/C/Ritu13March/mydocuments/openletter.finalJul.A09 isa
    openlettertoUnitedCommunistPartyofNepal(Maoist)fromthe
    Communist Party of India (Maoist) addressed to dear Comrade
    writtenbyCentralCommitteeCPI(Maoist),Indiadated20July,2009
    andonperusalofsaidletteritrevealsthattherewererelationsin
    betweenCPI(Maoist),IndiaandUnitedCommunistPartyofNepal
    (Maoist). Tothateffectitismentionedthat inthenameofthe
    struggleagainstdogmatism,therehavebeenseriousdeviations
    in the International Communist Movement (ICM), often going
    into an even greater, and more dangerous, abyss of right
    deviationandrevisionism.Inthenameofcreativeapplicationof
    Marxism, communist parties have fallen into the trap of right
    opportunism, bourgeois pluralist EuroCommunism, rabid anti
    Stalinism, anarchist postmodernism and outright revisionism.
    RightdangerorrevisionismintheICMhasemergedasthegreatest
    dangerintheperiodfollowingtheusurpationoftheleadershipofthe
    CPSU and state power in the Soviet Union after the demise of
    comradeStalin.ComMaoandothergenuinerevolutionarieshadto
    wage a consistent ideologicalpolitical struggle against revisionism
    andreformismintheICMandalsowithintheCPC.However,despite
    the great struggle waged by com Mao and other Marxist Leninist
    revolutionariesallovertheworldagainstrevisionism,ithasbeenthe
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    revisionistswhohavetemporarilywonanddominatedtheICMinthe
    contemporaryworld.Theideologicalpoliticaldebateoverthecreative
    applicationofMLMtotheconcretepracticeoftherevolutioninNepal
    hastobeconductedwithacorrectgraspofthisinternationalstruggle
    ever since the time ofcom Lenin,andparticularlybyMaoagainst
    Khrushchevrevisionism.

    522] FurtherCPI(Maoist)Indiasuggestedtoconductadebate
    withintheMaoistcampsworldwideandtothateffectitismentioned
    inthesaidletterthatWearesendingthisOpenLettertoyourParty
    soastoconductapolemicaldebatebothwithinyourPartyandthe
    Maoist revolutionary camp worldwide. This step has become
    necessarybecauseoftheveryseriousdevelopmentsthathavetaken
    placeinthecourseofdevelopmentoftherevolutioninNepalthat
    haveabearingonourunderstandingofimperialismandproletarian
    revolution as well as the strategytactics to be pursued by Maoist
    revolutionaries in the contemporary world; there is also serious
    deviationfromtheideologyofMLM.Hencethesearenomorethe
    internalmattersconcerningyourPartyalone.

    523] Further there is mention of Naxalbari in the said open


    letterbyCPI(Maoist)IndiatotheComradesofCPI(Maoist)from
    othercountries.

    IncriminatingdocumentsfoundinelectronicgadgetsArts.1to41
    seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6SaibabaatArticles
    147to164.
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    524] Article 147 having Exh23/ALLL/Accommodation

    issues/Letters/lettertoSaibabaisaletteraddressedtoaccusedno.6
    Saibaba by Surendra Mohan in which it is mentioned that said
    SurendraMohan cannotbepartoftheCPI(Maoist)program,ashe
    neversubscribedtoviolentresistanceandhewastakinginitiativefor
    peacewhichbetweentheGovernmentandtheMaoistsandhewas
    proposing violence on both sides should come to an end. The
    contentsofthisletterclearlyshowsthatCPI(Maoist)waspromoting
    theactivitiesofviolenceandhencehewasnotreadytoworkwithCPI
    (Maoist).

    525] Article 148 having path Exh23/ALL123/college


    /Kuttyletters/open letter of Kutti is a open letter addressed to
    SabyasachiPandawhereinitismentionedthat,Iwasincentraljail
    (Hydrabad) along with Modem Balakrishna (Central Committee
    Member) and Sakhamuri Appa Rao (martyr) in the same barrack.
    Balakrishna and Appa Rao underwent more than ten years in jail.
    Balakrishna was my guide and teacher. I am a Keralite born and
    broughtupinTamilnaduandstudiedTamil(can'treadandwritemy
    mother tongue that is Malayalam). Balakrishna used to share his
    experiencesoftheGuerillaArmyoftheerstwhileCPI(ML)(People's
    War). GuerillaArmyfighterswon'tgetchickenbiriyanidaily. They
    getwhateverfoodthepeopleoffer.Thatisrice,mirch,tamarindand
    salt.Withthattheyhavetomanage.

    526] Article 149 having path Exh 23/ALL123/ college/RLA


    Work Load/Tactics of intimidation by Jharkhand Govt. to
    dissuadefuturefactisadocumentdated29thMay2013mentioning
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    tactics of intimidation by the Zarkhand Government wherein it is


    stated that, We strongly condemn the absolutely arbitrary and
    unprecedented action of the Jharkhand police administration in
    detaining eight members of a CDRO (Coordination of Democratic
    RightsOrganizations)factfindingteamwhiletheywereaddressinga
    pressconferenceinRanchi. Theteamhadjustreturnedfromafact
    findingmissiontoChatra,wheretenmembersoftheCPI(Maoist)
    had been supposedly killed in a long gun battle with the TPC, a
    splintergroupactivelysupportedbythestategovernment,inMarch
    2013.

    527] A document atArt.155havingpath ex.4/31.12.12/rdf


    pdfi/resolution/EC Meeting decisions delhi titled as,
    Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) All India EC Meeting 8
    and9thMay2007,Delhi. Fromthesaiddocumentitrevealsthat
    there are shortforms of namesof some personswho attendedthe
    saidmeetingandthenameofaccusedno.6Saibabaismentionedas
    SBandinthesaidmeetinghomagewaspaidtothemartyrsofRDF.
    Thecontentsofthesaiddocumentarereproducedasunder:

    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)
    AllIndiaECMeeting
    8&9thMay2007,Delhi

    Present: RK,SB,DP,APS,Ajay,Jeetan,
    Chotan,Tinku,RCP,SunilandHarpalSingh
    Absent:Mukhu

    51) Homage
    Homage paid to the martyrs of various peoples
    movements.
    Oneminutesilencewasobserved.
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    52) CooptionofNewMembers
    ResolutiononCooptionofNewMembers
    ComradeRCPrasad,SecretaryofBiharCommittee
    wasproposedandcooptedasamemberintheEC
    unanimously.AletterfromtheBiharCommitteewas
    read out bytheSecretaryregardingtheECofthe
    BiharCommitteeaboutitsdecisiontosendhimto
    theAllIndiaCommittee.

    Secretary proposed Harpal Singh, convenor of


    RajasthanunittobecooptedintoECasamember.
    TheECunanimouslyagreed.

    53) NewUnits.
    TheSecretaryreportedthata5membercommittee
    ofRDFwasformedinRajasthanwithHarpalSingh
    asconvenor.

    In Maharashtrathe localcomradesexpressedtheir
    inabilitytoformalocalunitofRDFatthemoment.

    In Kerala a banner has been started entitled


    Revolutionary Peoples Front. The local comrades
    want to invite an all India EC member to start
    initiate a discussion on perspective of RDF. This
    meetingalsowillincludediscussiononNandigram
    withaspeakerfromWestBengal.Saibabawillgoto
    KeralafromtheEC.

    In UP Poorvanchal Sanskritic Manch, Bharat Nau


    Jawan Sabha, Inqilabi Chatra Morcha and a Kisan
    SanghatanarepreparingtoformRDF.Theprocess
    hasstarted.

    54) ReportsandReview
    a) StateRepressiononOrissaReport
    AsperthedecisionoftheearlierECwecouldpursue
    and help a Factfinding team of 6 members go to
    SouthOrissatobringoutfacts.Theteamwentand
    broughtoutareport.
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    b)AntiSalwaJudumCampaign.
    Ateamandanactionprogrammewasdrawnbutnot
    implementedforsomereasons.

    c)PoliticalPrisoners
    Some reports and details were collected but not
    muchprogresswasmadeonthisissuesofar.Now
    wehavetoplanafresh.

    d)NagaTrip
    CouldnotbedonebecausetheNagaorganisations
    werentincontact.Nowitwillbetakenupasthey
    havecomeintotouch.

    e)OnFarmersIssues
    InBihar,Jharkhand,andDelhilimitedwallwriting
    andleafletingwasdone.

    WestBengal
    ECmeetingtookupadiscussionon20 th Novon
    the draft manifesto. On many points
    clarificationsaresoughtfromtheEC.AnyseniorEC
    membershould comeandclarifythepoints.
    Aconventionwasconductedonlandissues.
    GPM participated in the all India labour strike.
    There wasmuchdebateaboutit.
    On 26th December GPM observed Maos birth
    centenary inahallmeeting.
    Since December on Singur there were many
    actions throughjointprogramme.
    Many programmesofproteststhroughSanghati
    Udyag (SolidarityInitiate)havingmorethan30
    organizations.
    Many forms of struggles through Singur Krishi
    Jami Rakha Committee Kolkata based joint
    front.
    ManyformsofproteststhroughPaschimBengal
    Krishi JamiRakshaSamithi.
    Many programme through Gana Unnayan Jan
    Adhikar SangramSamiti7Parties(PCC,Janatadal,
    Janadatal (Secular) Jamajwadi party and others)
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    +19mass organizations: Chair Siddiqulla


    Choudhary
    Part of Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh Committee
    Nandigram.

    Punjab
    f) Election boycott programme with 2000
    people.
    g) BhagatSinghShadatDivasatHussainiwala
    with2000people.

    Delhi
    Mostlyjointprogrammes.
    Protest programme against Sadam Hussains
    hanging
    4000leafletsonagriculturecrisisdistributed.
    Leafletsdistributedonsealingissue.
    BhagatSinghSahadatDivasProgramme.
    ProtestdharnasorganizedtwotimesbeforeCPIM
    office
    A convention against SEZ in Gandhi Peace
    Foundation.
    MayDaywith500750workers

    Jharkhand
    Noimportantprogramme
    Wallingandpesteringinsomeplacesonfarmers
    issues.
    Pressreleaseonbandh.
    March 8th programme by NMS in 21 places.
    Participation2002000people.
    Participatedinorganizingtheantidisplacement
    conference.

    Bihar
    No programmes of RDF banner or constituents
    banner thestatenotallowing.
    Some small programme on some joint fronts
    happened.
    AprotestonSadamHussainshanging
    On Afzals death sentence on 10 th December, a
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    ghosti wasorganized
    ApressreleaseonAllIndiaworkersstrike.
    Jhopadpatti footpath dookandaar Sanghatan
    takesmanyprotests.
    MayDaythroughRDFinKhagaria2000people
    participated.
    MayDayinNawadain4places.
    Onfarmersissuewallingwasdoneinruralareas
    and10000leafletsdistributed.

    SecretarysSumUp:
    Weneedtodevelopstatelevelunitswell,thenonly
    wewillbeabletodoourprogrammesinabetter
    way.
    VicePresidentsRemarks: Politicalprogrammesof
    RDFshouldbeplannedaccordingtoourmanifesto
    notonadhocbasisorspontaneously.

    55) EC Functioning and Work Division Among


    ECmembers
    Resolution on EC Functioning and Development
    oftheOrganisation:
    The all India EC discussed and analysed the
    weaknessesinitsfunctioningandinimplementing
    its planned activities. After discussing different
    pointsthoroughlythefollowingdecisionsaretaken:

    a) RDFsstrengthliesinitsstateunits.Sothefirst
    priority is to strengthen its state units and the
    constituteorganizationsineachstatewhereverthe
    stateunitsarealreadyinexistence;

    b) AllECmembersshouldalsofocustheirattention
    inoneormorestatestodevelopstateunits;

    c) Bytakingupthepeoplesburningissuesineach
    state, our state units and their constituent
    organizationsshouldgotothepeopleandorganize
    strugglesbytakingourpoliticstothem;

    d) We should plan our programmes based on our


    manifestoconcretelylinkingitupwiththepresent
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    localproblemsofthepeopleineachstate;

    e) ThepoliticalactioncallsgivenbytheallIndiaEC
    shoulddirectlyreflectthegroundlevelproblemsof
    the people, whereinthe localunitscan implement
    thecallsbylinkingthemwithlocalburningissuesof
    thepeople;

    f) TheallIndiaECmembersshouldworkinclose
    coordination with each other and particularly the
    officebearersshouldalsomeetwheneverneededto
    interveneintoallmajorburningissueswhichcome
    up timetotime at all India level and at different
    levelofstates;

    g) AllissuesthatvariousECmembersareinvolved
    inbuildingstrugglesthroughdifferentfrontsshould
    sharevariousaspectswiththeentireECsothatthe
    ECwillhavecomprehensiveideaaboutallactivities;

    h) A workshop will be conducted with the EC


    membersofeachstatecommitteeonorganizational
    and political growth of the organization in
    connection with the RDFs manifesto and joint
    activities;

    i) Allreportsfromthestatesshouldbepresentedin
    writtenformindetail;

    j) Press statements should be issued on all such


    burningissuesimmediatelyandtheyshouldsentto
    thestateunitsand

    k) In addition to other responsibilities in different


    fronts each EC member is already involved the
    specificStatewiseresponsibilitiesforbuildingRDF
    areentrustedhereasfollows:

    1. Bihar:RKalongwithRCPrasad
    2. UP:RK+APS
    3. Jh:Ajay+Jeetan
    4. WB:SB+Chotan+Tinku
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    5. Delhi:SB+Sunil
    6. Rajasthan:RK+Harpal
    7. UK:Ajay
    8. Kerala:SB
    9. Punjab:DP+Mukhu
    10. Maharashtra:DP
    11. Orissa:Ajay+Jeeatan
    12. Haryana:Ajay

    ResolutiononStateLevelStructures:
    All the state units should drive the constitute
    organizations to take up peoples issues and
    strengtheneachorganization.

    Each state unit should take up membership drive


    through their constituent organizations and they
    shouldalsogiveindividualmembership.

    Futureprogramme:
    ResolutiononEconomicBlockadeProgramme
    AmonthlongprogrammeofEconomicBlockadewill
    beobservedstartingfromtheNaxalbariDay,23 May
    2007andculminatingwith25and26June2007on
    the occasion of Emergency Day against imperialist
    plunderandaggressive displacementthroughSEZs
    andotherkindsofdisplacement.

    AnallIndiaLeafletwillbeissuedimmediately.The
    state unitsshould take upthis Economic Blockade
    programme by includingimmediate peoplesissues
    of their state and bring out the same leaflet or
    separate one. The Economic Blockade programme
    shouldinvolvelocalpeopleontheirissues.

    The importance of Naxalbari uprising and the


    presentNandigramresistanceshouldbehighlighted
    as the peoples forms of resistance and struggles.
    Differentformsofresistanceandpropagandashould
    becreativelyplannedandtakenupaccordingtothe
    convenienceofthelocalunits.
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    Resolution on 150 years of 1857 and Bhagat


    SinghsBirthCentenaryProgramme
    150 years of 1857 and Bhagat Singhs Birth
    Centenary Year should be observed in all states
    between 10th May and 28th September 2007. We
    shouldjoinwhereverPDFIorganizesprogrammes.In
    placeswherePDFIisnotthereornotableorganize
    any programme, RDF should organize on its own
    bannerorthroughjointbanners.

    We willparticipateinthe31stMayprogrammein
    Delhi on the banner of PDFI. Some mobilization
    shouldbedoneasfaraspossiblefromDelhi.After
    this programme we should call for the meeting of
    thesubcommitteeofPDFIonthisandtrytoconvince
    the committee to organize the rest of the
    programmes on the banner of PDFI or PDFI and
    othersasajointprogramme.

    OurPunjabunithasappealedtoallorganizationsto
    holdanimpressiveprogrammeatHussainiwalaon
    28th September 2007 on the occasion of Bhagat
    Singhsbirthcentenaryyear.Inconnectionwiththis
    programmetheallIndiaECcallsuponallstateunits
    and fraternal organizations to join programme at
    Hussainiwalaasfarpossibleforthemdependingon
    theirconvenience.

    ResolutiononStateRepressiononRevolutionary
    Organizations
    Allthestateunitswillsendthedetailsofrepression
    on revolutionaryorganizationsby10th June,2007.
    After collecting this information, a booklet will be
    preparedby15thJuly2007andaprogrammeof
    actiontoresisttherepressionbedrawn.

    Afterthebookletcomesout,wewillorganizeprotest
    conventions in Kolkata, Delhi and other cities by
    involving democratic intellectuals and democratic
    organizations.
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    ResolutiononAntidisplacementIssues
    RDF will positively put forward and explain the
    limitations in fully involving the subcommittee of
    PDFIinameetingofthesubcommittee.

    Tentative date for all India bandh is 29 th October


    fromourside.Finallythedatehastobefixedafter
    consultation with all organizations. To implement
    thebandhcall,anappealbyprominentdemocrats
    hastobepreparedandwiththisappealweshould
    approachdifferentorganizationsandpartieswhich
    areagainstdisplacementinanymanner.Weshould
    alsoholdfourregionalmeetingsinDelhi,Kolkata,
    Mumbai and Hyderabad to get support from the
    organizationsandparties.

    RDFunitsshouldinvolveintheprocesstakenupby
    theVistaapanVirodhiJanVikasAndolan(VVJVA)to
    form state units of this front. The state units of
    VVJVA in Jharkhand, Orissa, West Bengal,
    Chhattisgarh,AndhraPradeshandMaharashtraare
    tobeformedimmediately.

    RDF will participate in the Kolkata Conference


    against SEZs and presents our perspective paper.
    Saibaba will prepare the paper andpresent it.We
    will also propose that there should only one anti
    displacementfrontandhencewewillfirmlyargue
    thattheprocessofKolkataConferenceshouldform
    onefrontbyemergingthebothprocesses.

    We will also argue that the perspective of such a


    frontshouldbemadeinsuchawaythattheNGOs
    wouldntoccupyitsspace.

    West Bengal comrades will immediately meet the


    host organizers of the conference in Kolkata and
    discussallaspectsdiscussedinthisECmeeting.

    ResolutiononPoliticalPrisoners
    TheSecretaryalongwithAnjaniandRonawillform
    ateamtoimmediatelyatDelhiandactivateworkon
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    Political Prisoners Committee. Jeetan and Chotan


    will also join this team in all India work of this
    committee.

    ResolutiononAntiSalwaJudumCampaign
    All RDF unitsandECwill helpthe processofthe
    work in the campaign against Salwa Judum. We
    shouldcooperatewithCATASinitsactivities.

    ResolutiononFarmersIssuesandPDFIActivities.
    RDF will work with PDFI on these issues as it is
    takingamajorinitiativeonfarmsectorcrisis.Itwill
    send delegates and involve in the Patiala Kisan
    Panchayat on farmsector issues on24, 25 and 26
    May2007.

    InUP,aKisanSammelanwillbeorganizedbyPDFI
    on 16th June in Mainpuri, and on 17th June the
    foundingconferenceofPDFI,UPinthesameplace.
    RDFshouldcooperateintheseprogrammes.

    DecisionstakenintheearlierECmeetingonfarmers
    issuesnowwillbedonethroughPDFI.
    ForPDFIofficeanditsfunctioningSaibabawilltalk
    toYovaBharat.Therewillbenoresidenceandfood
    preparationsintheoffice.DelhiunitofRDFwillfind
    apersonforthisoffice.

    ResolutiononMagazineandOtherPublications
    Themagazineshouldcovermorestrugglereportsin
    differentforms.Weshouldcollectmorereportsfrom
    the struggles. The magazine should be distributed
    more widely among the democrats and common
    people.Themagazineshouldcomeoutregularly.We
    shouldcollectthereturnsregularly.

    A booklet on Bastars people struggle will be


    preparedandpublishedbyAugust2007.

    JeetanwillsendmaterialonJharkhandstrugglesfor
    anotherbookletandalsoforthemagazine.
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    ResolutiononOffice
    OfficewillbedecidedinconsultationwithDelhiunit
    ofRDF.

    ResolutiononFunds
    The state units which havent paid their monthly
    regular contributions for the all India committee
    shouldpayinthenextmeeting.

    NextMeeting
    1and2SeptemberinKolkata
    TheEnd

    528] FromtheabovedocumentitisclearthatECcommittee
    of RDF hadtakenreview ofworkandstepstobetakenbythe
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)inalloverIndiaandfuture
    strategywasdecidedtostrengthentheirorganisationandinPoint
    no.5atSr.No.11,accusedno.6Saibabawasgivenrespectabilityof
    W.B.(WestBengal),Delhi,Kerala.

    529] A document at Art.156 having path ex. 4/31.12.12/

    rdfpdfi/resolution/7thmeeting titled as REVOLUTIONARY


    DEMOCRATIC FRONT (RDF) 7th Central Executive Committee
    Meetingwhichwasheldon2728December2007atDelhiwhich
    wasattendedbyaccusedno.6Saibabaandothermembers.The
    contentsofthesaidletterarereproducedasunder:

    REVOLUTIONARYDEMOCRATICFRONT(RDF)
    7thCentralExecutiveCommitteeMeeting
    2728December2007,Delhi
    Attended by: Raj Kishore, Darshan Pal, Sai Baba,
    Arjun Prasad, Jeetan, Tinku Da, R C Prasad, Ajay,
    BaldevMakkhoo
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    Absent : Khagenda,Harpal,DPM,ChottanDa,
    AmritRabha,andKrishnan
    Agenda:
    1]Homage
    2]ReviewoflastmeetingdecisionandReportsfrom
    allIndiaandstate
    3]InternationalReporting
    4]RDFstateorganisationsituationandconference
    5]PDFI
    6]FutureTasks:
    AntiDisplacementFront
    PoliticalPrisoners
    IndoNagapeopletopeopledialogue
    GPCR
    OnEmergencyday
    StateAttackonRevolutionaryMovement
    6]Fundsandbudget
    7]PublicationsandWebsite
    8]Others
    9]SelfcriticismCriticism

    Resolution1:Toraisevoiceagainststatepolicyof
    brutalsuppressionofnaxalitemovement,ateamof
    intellectual will be formed. All ECM will talk to
    intellectual for this team. A teamof RDF ecm is
    formedincludingSaibaba,Rajkishore,TinkuDa.A
    BookletonStaterepressionwillbepublished.

    Resolution2:Review
    1]Bookletonstaterepressionwasnotpublishedyet
    because reports of repression were not sent from
    states.Otherprogrammewasnottakenduetothis.

    2]Politicalprisonercampaignhasnotmovedahead
    due to lack of preparation. A meeting to form a
    preparatorycommitteehas been called on 13th
    January2008toorganizeAllIndiaconferenceto
    formCommitteetoReleasePoliticalPrisoner.

    Fromthisdocumentitisclearthatitwasresolvedto
    raise voice against State policy and a team of
    intellectualwillbeformed.
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    530] A document at Article 157 having path ex.

    4/31.12.12/rdfpdfi/resolution/ECResolutions/JointMeetingofAIPRF
    and SFPR 200505_Modified containing Resolutions of Joint
    Meeting of AIPRF and SFPR held on 20 May 2005 at Delhi. The
    contentsoftheresolutionsofthemeetingarereproducedasunder:
    JointMeetingofAIPRFandSFPR

    Date:20thMay,2005
    Delhi.

    Attendance:
    From:AIPRFEC:Dr.DarshanPal,G.N.Saibaba,
    ArjunPrasadSingh,KumarBuradikatti,Gurmeet
    Singh,RajaSarkel.
    FromSFPREC:RajKishor,TaraSingh,Sunil,B.P.
    Rakshit,Jeetan.

    Homage paid to all those martyrs who have laid


    downtheirliveforthesakeofestablishinganew
    social order free fromallkindofexploitation and
    oppression.

    Selfintroductionofeachmemberdone.

    Saibaba and Raj Kisore, the secretaries of both


    AIPRF and SFPR briefed the process and the
    background of the discussions conducted between
    thedelegationsoforganisations,whichwasaimed
    atmergingthetwoorganizationsintoasingleone.
    He,aspertheconclusionsarrivedatthosemeetings,
    proposed to merge the tow organizations into a
    singleone.Accordingtotheunderstandingofthose
    meetings, also he explained that the revolutionary
    politics,i.e.upholdingtherevolutionarymovements
    thataregoingonacrossthecountry,propagatingthe
    revolutionary politics, boycotting the
    parliamentaryelections,andthusshowingthereal
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    revolutionarypathtothevastIndianmasses,should
    bethepoliticalperspectiveoftheneworganization.

    Resolution:1
    All the members present in the meeting
    unanimouslyresolvedtounifyAIPRFandSFPRinto
    one organization with a new name Revolutionary
    Democratic Front (RDF). RDF shall work with a
    perspectiveoftakingNewDemocraticRevolutionary
    politicsintothebroadmassesofthecountrywith
    the slogans like Naxalbary Ekhi Rastha; Andhra
    Bihar, Jharkhand Chattisgah Dikhata hain Ratsha
    and it shallworkamong the massesbytakingup
    election boycott in order to project the new
    democraticpoliticalalternativeastheonlywayfor
    the liberation of the country and the people from
    imperialismandfeudalism.RDFsupportsandstrives
    tointegratewithalldemocraticandantiimperialist
    struggles of workers, peasants, women, dalits,
    nationalities,adivasis,youthetc.,

    Today, i.e. 20th May 2005, we herewith constitute


    the new formation by merging both the ECs of
    AIPRF and SFPR and resolve to constitute all our
    lowercommitteesbymergingvariousunits.

    Reservation of Gurmeet, Darshan, Kumar and


    Arjun: RDF should not participate in the
    parliamentary election nor should it call for
    electionboycottallthetime.Itmayexpose,boycott
    etc, depending upon the concrete situation of the
    timeandplace.

    Resolution2:
    After merging both the ECs, an adhoc executive
    committeeisconstitutedwith18membersincluding
    aPresident(KhagenDas),VicePresident(Darshan
    Pal), Secretary (Raj Kishore), Assistant Secretaries
    (G N Saibaba, Sunil, Punna Rao) and Treasurer
    (Tara Singh). Other members: Arjun Prasad, Ajay
    (Haryana), Amrit Rabha(Assam),Krihanan(Tamil
    Nadu), Jitan Marandi ( Jharkhand), Kumar
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    (Maharastra), Shivam Kutty (Kerala), Vijay


    (Rajastan),Tinku(WestBengal),ChotanDas(West
    Bengal),Ghoran(Orissa).

    Resolution 3: The draft declaration cum press


    release placed in the meeting will be improved
    mainly in language and slightly in content by
    incorporating the suggestions and amendments
    different members made. Gurmeet will take the
    responsibilitytodosoandplaceitbytodayevening
    beforethemeetingwillbeover.

    Resolution4: APressmeetshouldbeheldon23rd
    May,atMulakatRestaurantinNewDelhiat3p.m.
    to declare the merge and the future political
    orientationoftheneworganization.Themeetwill
    be addressed by Raj Kisore, Dr. Darshan Pal, and
    TaraSinghandG.N.SaibabaandSunilwillbeon
    the dais. After the pressmeet, a small cultural
    programmewillbeperformedoutsidethevenueas
    a part ofon going antirepressioncampaign being
    carriedoutjointlybyAIPRFandSFPR.

    Resolution5:Wehavetakenanimportantdecision
    ofmergingourtwoorganizationsintoasingleone
    andthepoliticalperspectiveoftheoldorganizations
    hasdrasticallybeenchanged.Forsuchanimportant
    meeting, we should have called all central level
    ECMsofthebothorganizationssoastoinvolveall
    oftheminthemergerprocess.Thedecisionnotto
    callsomemembersisnotright.Intheformationof
    the new committee should have been included all
    the existingmembersofthe bothorganizations.If
    needed,newmemberscouldbecooptedandthose
    who want to work in some other field could be
    relieved.Whileintheorganizationalmergeratstate
    level and other lower levels to be taken up
    henceforth,thismistakeshouldberectified.

    Resolution5:Acircularshouldbeissuedbytheall
    India EC to the lower committees explaining the
    merger and the immediate future tasks before us.
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    The technical details with regard to the name,


    structureandthewaytomergeetc,intheprocessof
    mergingtheorganizationsatlowerlevelscouldbe
    workedoutinaccordancewiththelocaldynamics
    prevailing. In the circular, we should give first
    preference to the merger of the organizations
    followed by the other activities. Other activities
    includemainlyorganizingprogrammesagainstthe
    antipeoples policies of the UPA government for
    whichacentralleafletwillbeprepared,organizinga
    protest march in Delhi against the death penalty
    awarded to five peasants of Bihar and other
    activitiesconcerningthelocalpolitics.

    Resolution 5: For the coming one issue, Jan


    Pratirodhwillbebroughtout,asanorganofRDF,
    by the same existing editorial team but with only
    Arjun Prasad Singhs name as its editor, publisher
    andownerandthesameAIPRFsaddresspublished.
    InthenextECmeeting,theeditorialboardwillbe
    constituted and the address to be given in the
    magazinewillbedecided.Copiestobeprintedfor
    thenextissueare1500.AllthemembersoftheEC
    mustsendthereportsandarticlestoArjunindue
    time.

    Resolution6:ThenextECmeetingwillbeheldon
    24th and25th,AugustinPunjab.Thearrangements
    forthesamewillbemadebyTaraSingh.

    YoursComradeinStruggle..

    RajKishore
    Secretary
    AdhocExecutiveCommittee
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)

    20thMay,2005
    Delhi
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    531] From the said document it is clear that accused no.6


    Saibaba is the founder of Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF).
    From the contents of the said letter it is clear that accused no.6
    Saibaba was the Secretary ofAIPRFandRajkishoreisSecretaryof
    SFPR and alongwith other members of AIPRF and SFPR it was
    unanimously resolved to merge AIPRF and SFPR into one new
    organizationbynameRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)with
    thesloganslikeNaxalbaryEkhiRastha,AndhraBihar,Jharkhand
    ChattisgarhDikhatahainRatsaandonitsformationaccusedno.6
    Saibaba was declared as Assistant Secretary of Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF)andpressmeetingwastobemadeabout
    themergerofAIPRFandSFPRintoRevolutionaryDemocraticFront
    (RDF)byRajkishore,DarshanPalandaccusedno.6Saibabaandit
    wasfurtherresolvedthatmagazineJanapratirodhwillbebroughtas
    anorganofRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF). Fromperusal
    ofthesameitisclearthatRDFisfrontalorganizationofbannedCPI
    (Maoist)organization.

    532] Art.158havingpathex.4/31.12.12/rdfpdfi/resolution
    /AIPRF_SFPR_Question_of_merger(1),isaletteraddressedtoThe
    EcAIPRF,NewDelhiwrittenbyAIPRFcitycommitteeWestBengal
    whereinitisstatedWeknowfromyourjointdeclarationthatAIPRF
    and SFPR merged in a single organization named RDF, and also
    statedWhatspecificpracticalexperienceAIPRFhadgatheredsothat
    wecantakethesloganslikeNaxalBariEKHiRasta?'ElectionBoycot
    call' or 'AndhraBiharJharkhandChattisgark Dikhata Hai Rsta' was
    notoverconstitutionalslogans.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    401 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    533] A document at Article 159 having path ex.

    4/31.12.12/RDFConferencematerial/DRAFTMANIFESTOOF RDF
    amendedbyconferenceisareviseddraftasperECsuggestionstitled
    as, Draft Manifesto of Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF).
    Thecontentsofthesaiddraftisreproducedasunder:
    ReviseddraftasperECsuggestions

    RiseResistLiberate

    DraftManifestoofRevolutionaryDemocratic
    Front(RDF)

    WhenBritishimperialismformallydevolvedpower
    in1947,thepeopleofIndiahopedthattheywould
    have freedom and democracy and that imperialist
    andfeudalexploitationandoppressionwouldbea
    thingofthepast.Andtheirstandardoflivingwould
    improve. Buttheirhopesandaspirationshavenot
    beenfulfilled.Evenafterhalfacenturynotonlyis
    thepovertyasacuteitisincreasingatarapidrate
    withthecurrentoffensiveofimperialism.Overthe
    last decade starvation deaths and suicides,
    particularlyinthebackwardruralareas,hasreached
    ascale neverwitnessedbefore inpost1947India.
    And together with this the Indian rulers have
    brought in draconian levels of repression, often
    worsethanincolonialtimes.

    Sincetheformaldevolutionofpower,afewchanges
    in Indias political, economic and cultural spheres
    have been witnessed.The bourgeoisparliamentary
    system,whichisfakeinessence,withallitsvaried
    forms,includinganAssembly,Parliament,universal
    suffrageetc.havebeenplacedandprojectedbefore
    the people, proclaiming that the masses could
    enforcetheirfreedomanddemocraticrightsthrough
    thissystemwhichisnothingbutafalseandbogus
    one.
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    After 1947, the Nehru Government, through an


    enactment, announced the abolition of the
    Zamindarisystem.Butthisacthasnotbeeneffective
    in abolishing the ZamindariJotedari system i.e.
    could not stop semifeudal exploitation and
    oppression. Feudal lords have got in their
    possession; thousands of acres of land and the
    peasants are subjected to medieval feudal
    exploitation. Semifeudal exploitation and
    oppressionbasesuponbrahmanicalcastesystemhas
    becomeanobstaclenotonlytothedevelopmentof
    theagrarianeconomybutalsototheindustrialas
    wellassocialdevelopmentofIndia.Therefore,apart
    fromthepeasantry,allstrataofdemocraticpeople,
    includingworkers,students,youth,intellectuals,do
    have a contradiction with feudalism and it is
    sharpeningwitheverypassingday.

    Feudalism,inordertocontinuetothriveintheface
    of the mighty antifeudal struggles of the masses,
    hastakenrefugeinthelapofimperialism.Thebig
    comprador capitalists are also under the aegis of
    imperialism. They have also been compromising
    withfeudalismfromtheverybeginning.

    Colonialexploitationanditsruledidnotcometoan
    end after the socalled independence. The change
    that has actually occurred is that India has been
    transformedfromacolonial,semifeudalcountry,to
    asemicolonialandsemifeudaloneunderapolicy
    of neocolonialism pursued by imperialism. The
    alliance of imperialism and the comprador
    bourgeoisie with brahamanical caste based
    feudalismisstillinforceandthisveryforceisruling
    thecountry.

    Afterthetransferofpowerthisallianceintroduced
    somechangesinlandrelationswithoutaffectingthe
    interests of the landlords as far as possible.
    Consequently, even after 58 years of socalled
    independence the monopoly over land by big
    landlordspersists.DespitevariouslandreformActs
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    e.g. abolition of intermediary system of land


    tenure (zamindari, jagirdari, etc), land ceiling act,
    act for the security of tenancy right, acts for the
    protectionoftriballand,etcthelandlordswere
    allowed evade those acts providing enough time
    between enactment and implementation. The land
    reformprogrammethusremainedahoax.Thevast
    majorityoftheruralpoorremainsdeprivedofthe
    landandlandlesspeasantsandagriculturallabourer
    still remain landless. In rural India inhuman
    exploitation continues to exist. The peasants are
    being exploited ruthlessly by the landlords/big
    landowners, usurers and merchants rendering the
    plight of the peasants more and more deplorable.
    Even the brutal forms of extraeconomic coercion,
    likethebondedlaboursystem,casteoppressionand
    untouchability,etcarestillinpractice.

    Imperialist agrotechnology and socalled green


    revolutionhaveresultedinanexorbitantincreasein
    the cost of agricultural production. In many areas
    commercial crops like tea, fruits, etc. and
    pisciculturehavebeenintroducedinsteadofstaple
    foodgrain production. The Transnational and
    compradorbigbourgeoiscompaniesarecontrolling
    theseataneverincreasingrate.Duetopressuresof
    thiscliquethegovt.ofIndiahasrevokedeventhe
    nominalLandCeilingAct.Theneweconomicpolicy
    andtheWTOhaveacceleratedtheprocess.Quality
    seeds,fertilizers,insecticidesetc.areallbeyondthe
    reachofthepoorandmiddlepeasants.Reductionof
    subsidy for fertilizers at the dictates of the World
    Bank has come as a heavy blow to the peasants.
    Particularly the middle and poor peasants are the
    worst victims. The slogan from farmhouse to the
    portistheoutcomeofthemarketorientedpolicyof
    the government. This policy is resulting in the
    eviction of those peasants who are engaged in
    agriculturemainlyfortheirlivelihood.Theincidents
    of suicide committed by the commercial crops
    growing peasants in different parts of the country
    areontheriseduetotheconditionofthepeasant
    beingseverelysteepedinthecrisis.Besidesthis,the
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    404 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    foodcrisisinIndiaisgraduallyincreasing.Andall
    thesearetheoutcomeoftherottensemifeudaland
    semicolonialsystem.

    Sincetheapparentdevolutionofpowerin1947the
    comprador bureaucratic bourgeoisie and big
    landlords have been uninterruptedly pursuing the
    policies dictated by imperialism. In the industrial
    sectorforeigncapitalhadinfact,begunincreasing
    itsdominancestraightway,directlyandalsothrough
    theircollaborationwithbigIndianenterprises.The
    rulingclasseshavebeenservingtheimperialistsas
    lackeyssincethetimeofNehru.Andduringthelast
    quarterofthesixtiestheybegantoinclineforacting
    asloyalagentsoftheerstwhileSovietsuperpower.
    Butsincetheeightiestheybegantotilttowardsthe
    US for economic assistance and after the total
    collapseoftheUSSRtheybecamemoreandmore
    dependentonAmerica.AtpresentAmericaassumes
    the dominant positionthoughthe influenceofthe
    EU countries, particularly France and Germany,
    alongwithJapanandRussia,hasbeenincreasing.
    Since the early 1980s the government of Indira
    Gandhihastakenhugeloansaswellaslargescale
    foreigninvestmentthroughMNCTNCandfromthe
    IMF/WBonhardtermsandconditions.Subsequent
    governmentshavealsoreceivedfabulousamountof
    loansfromtheIMF&WorldBank,andinorderto
    satisfy the needs of the imperialists they have to
    introduceasetofsocallednewpoliciesnamely,the
    new economic policy, new industrial policy,
    newtextilespolicy,neweducationpolicy,etc.

    In1980IndiasforeigndebtreadatRupees30,000
    croresandbyJuneof1991itregisteredafourfold
    increasetoreachthefigureatRs.1,32,000crores,
    andtodayithascometoanastronomicalfigureof
    Rs.5,00,000crores.Thegovt.ofIndiahastopayRs.
    35,000 crores per annum as an interest on her
    externaldebt.AtpresenteverycitizenofIndiahasto
    beartheburdenofexternaldebtofworthmorethan
    Rs.5,000.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    405 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Along with these there have been many trade


    agreements. In this way different imperialist
    countries,particularlyAmerica,havebeenexploiting
    India more severely; not only that, they are
    increasing their stranglehold to politically control
    India.

    FollowingMexicoandBrazil,Indiahasbecome the
    third biggest debtor country(?) in the oppressed
    countries of the World. Since the country has
    become entangled deeply in a debttrap, even the
    nominalrestrictionsthatprevailedinthepastonthe
    multinational and transnational companies have
    been totally withdrawn by the exploiting classes.
    Consequently,theyhavebeengivenpermissionfor
    theentry,inabigway,toseveralimportantsectors
    includingmines,energyproductionanddefence.In
    additionthousandsofcroresofpublicsectorassets
    are being handed over at cheap rates to the
    multinationalsandcompradorbigbourgeoisie.

    The Indian government has taken loans from the


    World Bank on hard terms with derogatory
    conditionalities. The fatal consequence of this has
    alsofallenupontheworkingclass,resultinginthe
    golden handshake, layoff, retrenchment, and
    curtailment of real wages, as well as massive
    retrenchmentofworkersandabigdifferenceinpay
    scale announced in the report of the sixth Pay
    Commission of the central government. Various
    types of draconian laws have been imposed to
    suppresstheworkingclassmovement.Tradeunion
    activitiesandtheminimumrightsofworkershave
    beenlimitedmoreandmorebydefacto,declaring
    the workers strikes as illegal. The number of
    educatedunemployedfiguresmorethanfivecrores,
    whiletheunemployedandsemiemployedisabout
    32 crores. Five lakh factories have been closed
    down.InIndianmorethanpeoplehavebeenliving
    below the poverty line and 40 crore are illiterate.
    Large numbers of people do not have any
    opportunityformedicaltreatment;lakhsofpeople
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    havenodwellinghousesatall.

    In addition, brutal repression continues upon all


    democratic movements. The leaders and cadres of
    the trade unions and civil liberties organizations
    andevenjournalistshavebeenkilled.

    The people have been uninterruptedly fighting


    against all this exploitation and oppression. The
    peasantry and working class have fought many
    heroic battles and the students, youth, women,
    pettybourgeoisie and intellectuals have waged
    many a movement. The enemies have butchered
    thousands of people; lakhs of people are arrested
    and imprisoned while innumerable people have
    beentortured.Inspiteofhavingscarifiedtheirself
    interestsandevendedicatedtheirlives,thepeople
    have not yet achieved real independence and
    democracy.Thefundamentalproblemsofthepeople
    areyettobesolved.

    The solution of the fundamental problems of the


    peopleisrelatedtotherevolutionarychangesofthe
    whole social system. So the mass struggles too
    cannot be separated and isolated from the
    revolutionary struggle for changing the social
    system.Butthereformistandrevisionistpartiesof
    our country have deflected the mass struggles to
    savetheinterestsofimperialismandfeudalismand
    ledpeoplesresentmenttowardstheballotbox.They
    haveconfinedthemassstrugglesonlytothestruggle
    for achieving the partial demands. But neither do
    theyrousethepeopleinthespiritofthestrugglefor
    eradication of imperialism, feudalism and the
    present social systemandforthe establishment of
    democratic social system nor do they teach the
    people of the importance ofthenecessitytounite
    withthesestruggles.

    After Telengana the great peasant movement in


    Naxalbari once again dealt a deathblow against
    reformism and revisionism. And it illuminated the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    407 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    path of the Indian revolution. Naxalbari opened a


    newchapterinthehistoryofthepeasantstrugglein
    India and held aloft the banner of agrarian
    revolutionandthepoliticsofseizureofstatepower.

    The peasant struggle of Naxalbari was not merely


    the struggle for the seizure of land. It was the
    struggle of the people with the aim of seizure of
    politicalpowerfortheabolitionofthesemifeudal
    and semicolonial system as well as for the
    establishmentofalleconomicandpoliticalrightsof
    the people, including that over land. It does
    symbolize the great political significance of the
    Naxalbari struggle. So, the struggle of Naxalbari
    bearsnotonlyasignificanceforthestrugglesofthe
    poorandlandlesspeasantsbutitalsocarriesgreat
    significanceasastrugglefortheemancipationofall
    theantifeudalandantiimperialistpeopleofIndia.
    ForthisreasonthestruggleofNaxalbariwasableto
    stirandrousethewholecountryandwassuccessful
    to rally the greater section of the masses of the
    peasantry, working class, students, youth, women,
    intellectualsandallothersectionsofthedemocratic
    peopleonthebasisofthesloganNaxalbariEkHi
    Rasta. Today, the agrarian revolutionary torch of
    Naxalbari is shining more brightly in Telangana,
    Andhra, Jharkhand, Bihar, Dandakaranya, Odisha
    and some other parts in the country and is
    illuminatingthepathofIndianrevolution.

    The struggle of Naxalbari brought about a great


    revolutionintheconsciousnessofthepeoplethe
    consciousnessforsocialrevolution.Inthesphereof
    struggle, it upheld a new orientationthe
    orientation of agrarian revolution. In linked the
    revolutionary mass struggle with the revolutionary
    struggleforsocialchange.Today,variousnewforms
    and tactics of mass struggle have developed and
    extendtodifferentpartsofthecountry.

    PRESENTPOLITICALSITUATION
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    Today, the imperialist system has plunged into a


    deep economic and political crisis. This crisis is
    deepening and becoming more and more acute in
    everypassingday.Thisvindicatesthatthecrisisin
    theworldimperialistsystemispermanent,whilethe
    recovery is temporary and relative. At present the
    crisisoftheimperialistsystemhasbeengettingmore
    and more acute inspite of massive intervention by
    theimperialistgovernmentstocomeoutofit.The
    governmentsoftheimperialistcountrieshavebeen
    continuingtoshifttheburdenofthecrisisontothe
    shoulder of the people of the backward countries
    like India. As a result, the economic crisis of our
    countryisalsodeepeningandbecomingmoreand
    moreacuteeveryday.

    Thecontradictionsamongtheimperialistcountries
    in the international arena are simultaneously
    reflected in India as well. Consequently, these
    contradictions are also reflected in the political
    partiesoftheexploitingclasses,inthegovernment
    and the administration and also in the police and
    militarydepartments.Splitswithintheoldpolitical
    partiesandfallofgovernmentsandthesubsequent
    formationofnewpartiesandgovernmentsaregoing
    on just like a house of cards. News of increasing
    sharpness of contradictions between army officers
    andordinaryarmypersonnelandalsobetweenthe
    policeofficersandthepolicepersonalsaresurfacing
    timetotime.Asaresultofinternalcontradictions,
    all the organizations of the ruling classes are
    becominggraduallyweaker.Bothinthecentreand
    inmanystates,governmentsbyasinglepartyhaving
    an absolute majority are absent. The coalition
    governmentsarefunctioningbymanipulationonly.
    TheparliamentarypartieslikeCongress,JanataDal,
    BJP, Rastriya Janata Dal, Samata Party, Bahujan
    SamajParty,SamajwadiParty,CPI,CPI(M),Telugu
    Desam, Akali Dal, AIADMK, DMK, AGP etc. are
    internally divided in numerous groups or lobbies
    duetoinnercontradictionsandareisolatedfromthe
    people.
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    In our country, the contradiction between


    imperialism andthe majority of the Indian people
    and the contradiction between Brahmanical caste
    based feudalism and the greater masses of the
    people are intensifying day by day. Due to the
    contradictions among the imperialist powers, the
    deep economic and political crisis, and ever
    increasingresistancestruggleofthepeople,thereis
    no sign of stability in the whole ruling system
    including the parliamentary system. Disorder and
    uncertaintyareuninterruptedlyprevailingandwill
    continuetoprevailinalltheeconomicandpolitical
    spheresofIndia.

    INDIANPARLIAMENTARYSYSTEM

    This crisis expresses itself in the acute infights


    within the ruling class parties and permanent
    political instability in the entire ruling and
    parliamentary system. It renders more and more
    exposureoftheparliamentarysystemitspolitics
    and parliamentary ruling parties. The state
    machinerydevelopedbytherulingclassesconsists
    ofacorruptedbureaucracy,antipeoplejudiciary,a
    policeforceandawellequippedmodernarmyand
    other armed forces. The role of the parliamentary
    systemistocoverthisruthlessruleandtodelude
    thepeople.Rulingclasspartiesandtheirsycophants
    projecttheparliamentaryelectionasasystemwhich
    peoplecanusetoasserttheirdemocraticrights.This
    falsenotionisalsobeingexposedbytheveryactsof
    therulingclassthemselves.Thereisunprecedented
    malpractice, widespread rigging and rampant
    corruption in all parliamentary and assembly
    elections. Elections are conducted by the force of
    musclepower. This shatters the myth of the
    democratic character of the Indian parliamentary
    electoralsystem!

    Today, the ministers and top leaders of different


    parliamentary parties have misappropriated crores
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    ofrupeesthroughinnumerablescandals.Topstate
    leaders,MLAsandMPs,topadministrativeofficers,
    andtoparmyofficersnoneofthemdoanything
    fortheinterestoftheCountryorthePeople.Rather
    theiractivitiesservetheinterestofimperialismand
    feudalism only. The activities of these antipeople
    leaders have exposed the real character of
    independence and democracy of India. No
    democratic decision is ever found in any of the
    parliamentary parties nor can any bourgeois
    democracybeexpectedfromthem.

    In the present situation, it is almost impossible to


    provideanyreformorrelieftothemassesthrough
    the parliamentary system. (even if it make reform
    possible,itshouldberejected) Eventheprocessof
    judiciaryisnotconsistentwiththeprovisionsofthe
    Indian Constitution. The mass movements for the
    fulfilment ofminimumdemandsofthepeople are
    brutallysuppressedwithlathi,bulletsandbayonets.
    The consciousness of the people is rapidly
    developing about the bluff of the parliamentary
    system. In the areas of agrarian revolutionary
    struggles of Andhra, Jharkhand, Bihar and
    Dandakaranya the people have raised the slogan
    thattheboycottofelectionsisademocraticright.
    Theyhavetranslatedthissloganintoabroadmass
    movement of the active boycott of elections. This
    movementhasexpandedtoawiderareafacingthe
    onslaughts of the police and cadres of electoral
    parties.Inthenortheasternregion,thepeopleofthe
    various nationalities of Assam. Tripura, Manipur,
    Nagaland and also of Kashmir etc. have advanced
    their liberation struggle defying the parliamentary
    pathandboycottingtheelections.Inthecourseof
    electionboycott movement many new forms of
    strugglehavebeenemerging.

    DIVIDEANDRULEANEVILDESIGN

    The governments of the ruling classes have been


    adopting one after another antipeople policies to
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    comeoutofthissevereeconomicandpoliticalcrisis.
    As a result of this the plight of the people is
    becoming more and more miserable. In this
    condition antistate struggles of the people have
    been developing in different parts of the country.
    Therulingclasspartiescannotfindanyviableslogan
    to hoodwink the people. They have therefore
    resortedtodivideandrulepoliciesmoreandmore,
    alongwithrepressivemeasurestofoiltheantistate
    united struggles of the people. Accordingly they
    havebeenhatchingoneafteranothersinisterplots
    instigating casteism, racial hatred, communalism
    and religious fundamentalism, particularly Hindu
    fundamentalism.Theyhavebeentryingtheirbestto
    put people against the people. They have openly
    encourage Hindu fundamentalism and helped
    develop vicious Hindu fascist forces like the RSS,
    BajrangDal,VHP,andShivSena.ThesefascistHindu
    forces have time and again organised brutal
    pogroms, as in Gujarat, Kandhmal and danced a
    dragonlikedance ofdeath.Theaimoftheruling
    classesistoturntheclassstruggleintoafatricidal
    warbetweencommunities.

    ThisHinducommunalismisalsodirectedagainstthe
    dalit sections, Adivasis and women. The brutal
    Hindu fundamentalist forces help perpetuate and
    utilize the caste system, particularly Brahminical
    casteism,asanothertooltoinstigatepeopleinthe
    ongoingcastewar.Thustheydistractpeoplefrom
    thestruggleagainsttherulingclasses.

    SOCIALOPPRESSION

    In India the two most prominent aspects of social


    oppressionarepatriarchaloppressiononwomenand
    casteoppressiononthelowercastes,particularlythe
    despicablepracticeofuntouchabilityagainstdalits.

    Women
    Womenremainoneofthemostoppressedsections
    of society. Apart from the feudal and imperialist
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    exploitation,theyalsobeartheburdenofpatriarchal
    oppression. Apart from the imperialistfeudal
    exploitation and oppression women are also
    subjected to male oppression and suppression
    through patriarchal institutions, like family, caste
    system, property relations and culture. Sexual
    harassment and other atrocities on women have
    increasedinrecentyears,particularlybecauseofso
    called liberalization and imperialist Globalization
    andConsumerism.Thesocalledconstitutionallaws
    inprovidingequalitytowomenhaveprovedtobea
    hoax. The women masses, particularly the women
    fromthelandlessandpoorpeasantsareincreasingly
    receptive to the revolutionary democratic politics
    andideology.Thefactisthatwomenrepresenthalf
    ofthesky.Withoutunleashingthefuryofwomen
    asamightyforceofrevolution,victoryinrevolution
    isimpossible.Hence,themobilizationofparticularly
    toilingwomenintherevolutionarystruggle against
    imperialism and feudalism is a must. (add
    Economic exploitation of women and the honour
    killingasatooltokeepcastebasedfeudalismintact)

    CASTEOPPRESSION&UNTOUCHABILITY

    Besidesthefeudalandimperialistclassexploitation
    andoppressiontheDalitmassesarealsocaughtin
    theageoldviciousgripofthecastesystem.Thatis
    whytheyarealsothevictimsofuntouchability,cast
    discrimination and upper caste chauvinism. The
    attacksonDalitsbytheuppercastelandlordsand
    their goons along with the state machinery have
    increasedrecently.Duetodeeplyingrainedcasteist
    thinking, particularly against dalits, even amongst
    backwardcastes,inmanypartsofthecountrythere
    havebeenagrowingnumberofattacksbyarising
    sectionofnewfeudallordsofthesebackwardcastes
    againstdalits.Thisisparticularlymanifestinthose
    areas where feudal authority is threatened by the
    increasing assertion of dalits, especially of their
    landless and poor sections. Many are unable to
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    tolerate any rise in status, whether economic or


    educational of the dalits, or their increased
    assertion.Theobnoxiouscastesystemandcasteism
    is continuously being perpetuated by the feudal
    ruling classes and later by the imperialism for
    thousand of years. They continue to use and
    instigatethissystemtoalsodividetheworkingclass,
    peasantry and other working people so that they
    may continue their class exploitation and
    oppression. They use it for derailing their actual
    struggle directed against imperialism, feudalism.
    Dalit section ofthe people ismostly the victim of
    these intrigues. Accordingly, the Dalits are being
    treatedassecondgradecitizens.Eventoday90to
    95%fromamongthemareeitherlandlessandpoor
    peasants or village labourers. Even today their
    strugglesagainsttherulingclassesforgettingequal
    status in the society are being treated inhumanly
    and make victims of these vicious attacks by the
    ruling classes and their state machinery. These
    attacks are being manifested in the form of
    massacresandmassgangrapes.

    IMPERIALIST&FEUDALCULTURE

    RuralIndiaisdominatedbyaculturethatprotects,
    instigates and propagates superstition, casteism,
    untouchability, authoritarian concepts, patriarchy,
    and religious fundamentalism, along with other
    feudal concepts, customs and habits. This anti
    peoplecultureservestheinterestsofthelandlords,
    usurers, merchants and other feudal/semifeudal
    forceswhodominatetheruraleconomy.Theyensure
    thepersistenceofthiscultureandalsopavetheway
    for decadent imperialist forces to perpetuate their
    dominationoverthepeopleofthecountry.Theyalso
    encourage the culture of the hatred for labour,
    autocracy, imperialist, imperialist slavery, blind
    greed,aimlessness,selfcenterednessandego,anda
    pervertedculture.

    Rampant propaganda of imperialist and feudal


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    cultureisontherisethroughtheTV,radio,cinema,
    dance,song,drama,newspapersandvarioustypes
    of periodicals. Liquor, gambling and drugs are
    growingwidely.Therulingclasses,withthehelpof
    their propaganda machinery propagate this
    degenerate culture throughout the country. This
    rulingclasssponsoredcultureintendstodestroythe
    sense of just and, human values, democratic and
    patrioticvalues,andrationalandscientificideasof
    thepeople.

    Againstthisgloomyanddegenerateculturespread
    byimperialistsandfeudaloligarchies,revolutionary
    masses have been consistently and gradually
    building up peoples culture based on the
    consolidated peoples movements against brutal
    feudal authority and inhuman imperialist
    exploitation. Slowly and gradually this centre of
    peoples culture is taking shape in the areas of
    intensepeoplesstrugglesoftheIndianrevolutionary
    movement.

    OPPRESIONONNATIONALITIES

    India is a vast multinational country comprising


    various oppressed nationalities and tribes. These
    nationalities are going through different stages of
    theirdevelopment.Indiaspresentboundarieswere
    drawnbyBritishimperialists.Thecurrentunityis
    based on the subjugation of many people and
    nationalitiestoanarbitrarycentralauthority.Hence,
    thisunequalandreactionaryunityisveryfragile.
    InIndiatodaymanynationalitystrugglesinvarious
    parts of the country assuming various forms,
    including armed struggle, are going on and
    advancing. The overall picture reflects the rousing
    moodofthemasses.Thereactionaryrulingclasses
    andtheirimperialistchieftains,particularlytheUS
    imperialists, are desperately engaged in ruthlessly
    suppressingthesestruggles.Thestrugglesofvarious
    nationalities,particularlytheKashmir,Naga,Assam,
    ManipurandothernationalitiesintheNorthEastern
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    regionarecontinuingthearmedstruggleagainstthe
    Indian state. These struggles continue to strike
    powerful blows against the most repressive armed
    forces of the reactionary ruling classes. Until now
    over90thousandstoilingpeoplehavebeenkilledin
    Kashmirinthelast15yearsalone.MillionsofIndian
    armedforcesaredeployedinthesenationalitiesto
    suppress their movements brutally under the iron
    heelofthemilitarymight,buteventhentheburning
    flamesofthesestrugglescouldnotbeextinguished.
    Thepeopleofthesenationalitiesarestrugglingnot
    onlyfortheiridentitybutalsoforthejustcauseof
    achieving their honourable right of self
    determinationincludingtherighttosecession.Itis
    the masses of toiling people particularly the
    peasantry who bear the largest burden of the
    oppression of a nationality. Undoubtedly it is true
    that this is the real material basis beneath these
    struggles, viewing from this angle also these
    nationalitystrugglescanachievegenuineliberation
    and the right of self determination including the
    right to secession as a part of the larger struggle
    directedagainsttheIndianrulingclassesandtheir
    imperialist chieftains, particularly the US
    imperialists.TheRDFunequivocallysupportsthese
    nationality strugglesandthe struggle,forseparate
    statehoodandresolutelyopposetheviciousattempts
    of the Indian ruling classes to suppress these
    nationality movements. While, firmly uniting with
    the people, each and every struggle of the
    nationalities should be supported if it is directed
    againsttheIndianstatesoppression,repressionand
    occupation.

    INDIANEXPANSIONISM

    The expansionist policies of the comprador


    bureaucratbourgeoisiehasbecomeagreatthreatto
    the security and integrity of the neighbouring
    countriesofSouthAsiaandtheirpeople.Through
    implementation of this policy the ruling classes of
    Indiaintendtograbtheirmarketandsourcesofraw
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    materials.Thisexpansionistpolicyhasbeenbacked
    and encouraged by the imperialist forces as they
    consider the Indian ruling classes as a timetested
    medium for their exploitation and domination.
    Following this expansionist policy the Government
    ofIndiaannexedSikkim,capturedtheirmarketsand
    further intensified exploitation, rendering suffering
    to the Sikkimese people. They directly threatened
    Bhutan by sending the army into its territory and
    compelled the Bhutanese government tocrushthe
    nationality movements based there. In this
    suppression campaign the Bhutanese government
    had deployed the Bhutanese army which was
    utilized as cannon fodder. The nuclear blasts and
    launching of the Prithvi and Agni missiles were
    plannedbytheexpansionistrulingclassestoinstil
    fearamongthepeopleofSouthAsiancountriesand
    subduethem.

    TheyhavealsobeenusingtheSAARCprimarilyfor
    thesettingupaFreeTradeAreatoallowthefree
    flow of goods from India, thereby seizing their
    markets.Oflate,theyalsoseektouseitfortheirso
    calledantiterroristpoliciesthroughoutSouthAsia,
    to suppress peoplesandnationalitymovementsin
    theregion.

    TherulingclassesofIndiainterfereintheinternal
    affairs of Nepal and have taken all sorts of
    preparationstosendthearmyintoNepaltosuppress
    the revolutionary movement of the people, led by
    theMaoists,whichhasbeensurgingaheadfollowing
    thepathofprotractedpeopleswar.

    BRUTAL STATE REPRESSION AND RESISTANCE


    OFTHEPEOPLE

    ThepeopleofIndiahavebeenplungedintoruthless
    economic exploitation and brutal political
    oppression. The ruling classes are unable to solve
    theproblemsofthepeople.Rathertheproblemsare
    continuously increasing. Today the failure of this
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    rulingsystemhasbeenclearlyexposedeventothe
    common people. So the people have demanded
    democratic changes. Yet the ruling classes are
    protectingtheiroutdatedstructureonthestrength
    of their guns. The contradiction between the
    demand for democratic changes and the outdated
    structurehasbecomemoreandmoresharp.Firstof
    all, the ruling classes have used force/violence
    indiscriminately. So the force/violence becomes a
    very important aspect of the political agenda. It
    cannot be denied that the ruling classes have
    imposedanundeclaredwaronthepeopleofIndia.

    The ongoing agrarian revolutionary struggles of


    Andhra,Jharkhand,BiharandDandakaranyaandin
    otherpartsofthecountrytooarethemaintargetsof
    attackoftherulingclasses.Themilitantstrugglesof
    theworkersandthetoilingmassesandthestruggles
    for the right to selfdetermination and other
    struggles ofthepeopleofvariousnationalitiesare
    also their targets of attack. The exploiting classes
    have deployed,apart frompolice,varioustypesof
    ParamilitaryforcesliketheCRPF,BSF,Commando
    forces and also vast military forces for the
    suppressionofthesestruggles.

    On the other hand, their need for sharpening the


    repressive statemachinery has increased manifold.
    Inthiscontext,theyhavebroughtforththePOTA,a
    new and more draconianlawthan TADA,andthe
    repeal ofPOTAbythe UPAGovt.hasnomeaning
    sinceitwasreincarnatedintheformoftheUnlawful
    Activities (Amendment) Act, 1965, with the very
    purposeofthwartingandrepressingtherisingtide
    of the genuine revolutionary peoples movements,
    along with other peoples movements and the
    nationality struggles as also those of the religious
    and other minorities. They have also started
    clamping down on the mass organizations of the
    people of Nepali origin, residingin India for their
    livelihood, by using this law. Many state
    governmentsofdifferentbrands,includingAndhra
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    Pradesh,Chhatisgarhhavebroughtforththeirown
    antipeoplelawsofasimilarnature,underdifferent
    namesandpretexts.

    Apartfromthis,manystategovernmentshavebeen
    carryingonbrutalrepressionthroughencirclement
    and suppression campaigns to arrest and
    exterminate the onward march of the peoples
    revolutionary movements advancing along the just
    path of Protracted Peoples War directed against
    smashing the most exploitative, oppressive and
    completelyundemocraticstatesystem,representing
    imperialismandfeudalismandtherebyestablishing
    anewdemocraticIndia,byadvancingonestepafter
    the another. In their suppression campaigns, the
    policeandotherparamilitaryforcesareconducting
    combing operations by encircling the villages and
    thus torturing people on a mass scale. They
    demolishpeasantshouses,lootingeverythinginthe
    nameofdecree,rapingwomenandkillingpeasants
    byfiringindiscriminately.Theykillthesympathizers,
    activists and the leaders of the movement after
    arrestingtheminthefalsenameofencounters.The
    killings of such brave sons and daughters of the
    people in fake encounters have become an
    undeclared law of the Indian ruling classes.
    Accordingly, the role of a judge and assassin has
    been assigned to the police forces. Moreover, they
    haveestablishedaJointcommandcentreofmany
    states, under the direct command of the central
    Govt. to coordinate and carry out their vicious
    repressionagainstthesemovements.

    The police and military forces are suppressing the


    movements for selfdetermination and for
    democratic rights of the various nationalities. In
    various parts of the country, people belonging to
    politically economically and culturally backward
    nationalities, such as Uttarakhand, Jharkhand,
    Telanagana,Gorkhalandetc.arecarryingouttheir
    struggles for liberation from extreme exploitation
    andrepression.Atpresentthestruggleinthetribal
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    areasofthecountryhasgotagreatmomentumand
    reached a higher form with an aim to transform
    Jharkhand into Lalkhand. The struggles of the
    nationalitiesinKashmir,Nagaland,Manipur,Assam
    and Tripura are being subjected to inhuman
    oppressionbythegovernmentofIndia.TheIndian
    forces have killed over 90 thousands Kashmiris to
    suppressthemovementofthepeopleofKashmirfor
    selfdetermination. They have also butchered
    thousands of youth in Punjab with the false
    accusation of terrorism. In spite of all these, the
    struggles of the nationality people are marching
    forward.

    The ruling classes are plunging even the ordinary


    mass movements of the Indian peoples into
    bloodshed.Theyhavepromulgateddraconianlaws
    tosuppresstheordinarymassactivitieslikerallies,
    public meetings, mass mobilizations and strikes of
    the workers etc. and also banned some mass
    organizations.InAndhraPradesh,theworkersofthe
    Singareni coalmines have been tortured and
    attackedbythepoliceforalongperiodoftimeand
    theleadersandactivistsofworkersmovementhave
    beenkilledinfakeencounters.InBihar,thepeoples
    movementsagainsttheverdictofdeathsentenceon
    five peasants, allegedly linked with the Bara &
    Bhabhuacase,hadbeenruthlesslysuppressedbythe
    policewithlathisandbullets.Inthestrugglingareas
    ofAndhra,Jharkhand,BiharandDandakaranyaas
    wellasintheareasofthenationalitystrugglethe
    mass movements on election boycott have faced
    severe attacks, let loose by the police and Para
    militaryforces.Thespontaneousmovementsofthe
    peopleinTamilNadu,Karnataka,Maharashtra,West
    Bengal,Haryana,Rajasthan,OrissaandotherStates
    ofthecountry,havealsobeenruthlesslysuppressed
    by the state machinery. All these struggles of the
    people are continuously developing to the higher
    stagebycombatingthesesuppressions.

    Astheculminationofallthesedifferentstylesand
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    formsofstruggleofthepeople,anembryonicform
    ofthenewpeoplesstatehasbeenmanifesteditself
    inAndhra,JharkhandBiharandDandakaranya.The
    peasantsoftheseareashavebeenlaunchingthese
    struggles on the basis of the slogan Land to the
    tiller and All powers to the Peasant Committee,
    andaccordingtothelawwherethereisrepression,
    there is resistance. The peasants are confiscating
    the land, removable properties, and arms and
    ammunitions of the landlords. They are
    promulgating and establishing their own law and
    authority.Theyarepunishingthetyrants,zamindars,
    jotedars, ringleaders of hooligans, and the police
    agents after putting them on trial in the Peoples
    Courts.Thepeasantsarewagingadevelopedform
    of resistance struggle against the torture and
    onslaughts of the private armies of the landlords,
    and of the police and Paramilitary forces. In the
    areas of peasant struggle of Andhra, Jharkhand,
    Bihar and Dandakaranya, the clash between the
    police & Paramilitary forces and the people have
    becomeaneverydayfeature.

    WHO ARE THE ENEMIES? WHO ARE THE


    FRIENDS?

    WhoaretheenemiesoftheIndianpeople?

    Thereisnodoubtthatimperialismistheenemyof
    theIndianpeople.Theyareplunderingtheimmense
    wealthofourcountryanddictatingtermsinevery
    sphereofoursociallife.Therefore,theimperialists
    ofallcountries,particularlyUSimperialism,arethe
    enemiesoftheIndianpeople.

    Thecompradorbigbourgeoisiewhohavebetrayed
    the interest of our country and people and have
    completely capitulated to the imperialists are also
    theenemiesofthepeople.

    Inthecountrysidethezamindars,jotedars,usurers,
    moneylenders and big dishonest businessmen are
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    theenemiesofthepeople.

    In a word, imperialism, the comprador big


    bourgeoisieandfeudalismarethemainenemiesof
    ourcountryandthepeople.

    WhoarethefriendsoftheIndianpeople?

    Theworkingclassandthepeasantry,especiallythe
    poorandlandlesspeasantsarethemainforceofthe
    struggleagainstimperialist andfeudalexploitation
    and oppression. They feel the most urgently
    necessityfortherevolutionarychangeofsociety.The
    middlepeasantisaresolutefriendofthisstruggle.
    Therichpeasant,asfarastheircontradictionwith
    imperialism is concerned, is also an ally of this
    struggle. The students, youth, intellectuals, the
    pettybourgeoisie like government and semi
    government employees, teachers, lawyers, doctors,
    engineers, writers, artists and all other toiling
    massesarethefriendsandimportantforcesofthis
    struggle.Thenationalbourgeoisieareavacillating
    forcebuttheyarealsoourfriendsinantiimperialist
    struggle.

    OURAIMSANDTASKS

    The RDF desires that the people of India liberate


    themselves from the clutches of exploitation and
    oppression from imperialism, the comprador
    bourgeoisie and feudalism. The RDF wants the
    abolitionofthisexploitativeandoppressivesystem.
    So it raises the slogan Rise, Resist and
    LiberatetocreateanewdemocraticIndia.

    The RDF with its utmost capability will wage


    resolute struggle against feudal and imperialist
    exploitation, atrocities and oppression. If the
    struggle is not to be confined to the limits of the
    parliamentary sphere and if the revolutionary
    struggle is tobe uninterruptedly continued,it will
    notbeadequatetomerelywagethestruggleagainst
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    feudal and imperialist exploitation, atrocity and


    oppression only, rather we have to advance our
    thinkingforbuildingarevolutionarystruggleforthe
    totaleradicationoffeudalismandimperialism.Ifwe
    startourstruggleagainstexploitationandrepression
    with this spirit, the struggle willbe more resolute
    and its power of resistances will be increased
    manifold. So, to rouse the people with the
    consciousness of resistance struggles and to make
    themreallyfittoparticipateinthisstruggle,theRDF
    upholds the path of Naxalbari i.e., the path of
    Andhra, Jharkhand, Bihar and Dandakaranya. The
    RDFwillconductintensiveandmassivepropaganda
    highlightingthispathandwillhelpthesestruggles
    ineverypossibleway.

    NEWDEMOCRATICINDIA

    The RDF will build up various types of peoples


    resistance struggles in support to those resistance
    struggles which are now going on to build a new
    democratic India, eradicating the exploitation and
    rule of imperialism and feudalism. Having
    coordinatedallthesestruggles,thenewdemocratic
    andindependentIndia,intruestsenseoftheterm,
    will be built up. On the basis of the above
    mentioned spirit the RDF will build up powerful
    antiimperialist and antifeudal resistance
    movements with the aim of establishing a new
    democratic India. In this way the real power of
    ruling the country will come into the hands of
    exploitedandoppressedpeoplei.e.tothehandsof
    therealdemocraticpeoplesofIndia.Followingthis
    pathofstruggle,RDFwillbuildupnewdemocratic
    politics,aneweconomyandanewcultureinIndia,
    where imperialist and feudal exploitation and
    oppressionwillbeeradicated.Thepeoplewillenjoy
    real independence and democratic rights. The
    workingclasswillbecomefreefromtheexploitation
    ofimperialismandthecompradorbourgeoisie.The
    peasantswillhavetheirland,dignityandrights.The
    problem of unemployment, food, education and
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    healthwillbesolved.Thepeoplewillensuretheir
    rightstolive withdignity.Thetorturesonwomen
    will be stopped and the women will enjoy equal
    rights. Caste oppression and communalism will be
    abolished, and the social repression on the dalits,
    particularlyuntouchability,willcometoanend.The
    people of different nationalities will achieve their
    emancipation from exploitation and oppression. A
    democraticandrevolutionarycultureofthepeople
    willbebuiltup.

    PROGRAMME

    TheRDFwillorganizeandwageresistancestruggles
    alongtheorientationoftheabovementionedaims
    and objectives on the basis of the following
    program:

    1.TheRDFwillresolutelysupportallsortsofanti
    feudal and antiimperialiststrugglesofthepeople.
    InIndia,theworkingclassandpeasantryconstitute
    the vast majority of the population. It is the anti
    feudalandantiimperialiststrugglesoftheworking
    class and peasantry, particularly of the poor and
    landless peasants, that lays the foundation for the
    revolutionarychangesofthesocialsystemofIndia.
    TheRDFwillnotonlysupportallthesestrugglesbut
    extendallsortsofhelpandcooperationtodevelop
    themaswell.

    2. The RDF knows that in smashing the old and


    building a truly new India, the genuine peoples
    revolutionaryforcescannotutilizetheparliamentary
    platform by any means in building the powerful
    peoples revolutionary movement. Hence, from the
    verybeginning,theRDFwillnot onlyopposeand
    exposethissystem,butalsocontinuetobuildupthe
    BoycottElectionmovementalongwithresolutely
    advancing the resistance struggle. RDF will build
    andcontinuetodevelopthismovementonthebasis
    of the slogan Election boycott is a democratic
    right.
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    3.InIndiaimperialismexistsandrestsonthebase
    offeudalism.TheRDFtherefore,callsuponallthe
    antiimperialistresistancestrugglestostandbythe
    ongoingagrarianrevolutionarystrugglesinAndhra,
    Jharkhand, Bihar, and Dandakaranya in order to
    abolishthefeudalexploitationandoppression.Only
    inthiswaycanweliberateourselvesalsofromthe
    yokeofimperialistexploitationandoppression.

    4.TheRDFwillexertitsutmostefforttoorganize
    and wage widespread mass movement against
    imperialismandtheconspiraciesandmachinations
    of the World Bank and IMF controlled by the
    imperialistforces,ledbyUSimperialism. TheRDF
    fightsagainsttheWTOregimebeingimplementedin
    the country builds a struggle demanding the
    withdrawalofIndiafromWTOintoto.andTheRDF
    willalsobuildupstrongmassmovementsmobilising
    allantiimperialistforcesofthecountryagainstthe
    polices of all the new imperialistdictated policies
    like the New Economic Policy, New Industrial
    Policy, Retrenchment and Voluntary Retirement
    Policythroughthegoldenhandshake,etc.ofthe
    Indiangovernment.Atthesametimeitwillexpose
    theactivitiesofdifferentNGOsandthetreacherous
    and proimperialist character of different reformist
    andrevisionistparties.

    5. The RDF will carry on resolute resistance


    strugglesagainstpricerise,inflation,retrenchment,
    privatization,andcorruptionetc.

    6. The RDF will organize and wage resistance


    struggleagainstimperialistandfeudalculture.

    7.TheRDFwilllendresolutesupportandprovide
    withallsortsofhelptothewomensmovementsin
    demand of their right to equality and against
    patriarchal domination, trafficking of women and
    young girls within India and abroad, rape and
    molestation,killingofbrides,dowrysystem,andall
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    typesofatrocitiesonwomen,etc.Atthesametime
    it will oppose bourgeois feminism and whole
    heartedly support the movements launched for
    genuinewomensliberation.

    8. The RDF will resolutely support the mass


    movements against caste oppression and
    discrimination against the oppressed castes and
    particularly upon the dalits. It will vehemently
    opposeallformsofuntouchabilityagainstdalitsand
    support theirfight for equalrights andforspecial
    privileges,includingreservationfordalitsandother
    backwardcastes.

    9.TheRDFwilllaunchcampaignfororganizinga
    widespread public opinion against communalism,
    casteism, racial hatred, fundamentalism and
    religiousfanaticism,particularlyHindufanaticism.It
    will isolate and defeat the Hindu fascist forces;
    concentratetheattacksinparticularontheBJP,RSS,
    VHP, Bajrang Dal, Shiv Sena and other Hindu
    chauvinist and fascist organisations. Support the
    struggleofthereligiousminoritiesagainsttheHindu
    chauvinistpoliciesoftheIndianState.TheRDFwill
    carry on resolute struggle against the divide and
    rule policy of the exploiting classes and
    parliamentarypartiesandalsoagainsttheirpolicyof
    harbouring communal riots. Simultaneously, the
    RDF will organize a widespread public opinion
    againstallsortsofdeception,bluffandinstigationof
    the parliamentary parties and of all types of
    fundamentalistforces.

    10.TheRDFwillsupportthestudentsmovements
    initsdemandofintroducingascientificeducation
    systemagainsttheexistingsemicolonialandsemi
    feudal one. The RDF will resolutely support the
    students movement against the new education
    policyofthegovt.ofIndia,againsttheprivatization
    and commercialization of education and also in
    favouroftheirotherdemocraticdemands.
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    11.Theorganisedsectoroftheworkingclassinthe
    country is still in the grip of revisionists. The
    growingrevolutionarymovementacrossthecountry
    began to show its impact on the workers. The
    workers face worst type of exploitation under the
    liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation. The
    fight of the workers against wagecuts, contract
    labour,goldenshakehands,lockouts,etc.issteadily
    gaining momentum. The revolutionary vanguard
    roleoftheworkingclasswillassumeitsplacemore
    and more in the context of the growing labour
    unrestinthecountry.TheRDFshallinvolveinthe
    working class struggles and try to bridge and
    amalgamate the fast developing struggles workers
    andpeasants.

    12.TheRDFwillnotonlylendresolutesupportto
    the struggles for establishing the right to self
    determinationofthepeopleofallnationalitiesand
    totheirmovementsforotherdemocraticdemands,
    butwillalsoprovidethemallsortsofhelp.

    13. Adivasis constitute 10% of Indian population.


    Theyhavebeencontinuouslywaginglargerstruggle
    againstthecolonialandimperialistoccupationand
    appropriationoftheirforest,landandothernatural
    recourses. Mining, industry, big dams and other
    projects brought out by the Indian ruling classes
    displacedmillionsofAdivasisfromtheirnativesoil
    without any rehabilitation and providing any
    securitytothem.TherecentonslaughtonAdivasis
    reached highest proportions. Millions more are
    goingtobedisplacedwithlargeamountsofforeign
    capital entering these areas for exploitation of
    naturalresources.TheRDFstandsforthecomplete
    rightsofAdivasis ontheirforestsanditsproduce.
    RDF is completely opposed to any kind of
    displacement Adivasis from their immediate
    environment and believes no amount of
    compensationcanrehabilitatethem.

    14.TheIndianrulingclasseshavebeenunleashing
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    barbarous state repression on the agrarian


    revolutionarystrugglesinAndhra,Jharkhand,Bihar
    and Dandakaranya as well as on the nationality
    movements and on the democratic movements of
    thepeople.

    The RDF will resolutely lend support to the just


    strugglesofthesepeopleandwillorganizeandwage
    aresoluteresistancestruggleagainstthebrutalstate
    repressionandwhiteterrorism.

    15.TheRDFwilllendresolutesupporttotheanti
    imperialist movement of the toiling masses of all
    strataincludingworkers,peasants,students,youth,
    women,dalits,intellectuals,artists,writers,doctors,
    engineers, teachers, handicraft people, etc. Being
    attachedasapartandparcelwiththesestruggles,
    theRDFwilladvancetowardsthepathofantifeudal
    and antiimperialist new Democratic Revolution to
    build up a happy, prosperous, independent and
    democraticIndia.

    16. The RDF will extend resolute support to the


    revolutionary struggles of the working class,
    peasantry and other toiling masses and the
    liberationmovementsofthenationalitypeopleofall
    countries of the globe and wage a solidarity
    movementagainsttherepressiononthesestruggles.
    Besidesitwillresolutelysupportpeoplesresistance
    struggleagainstexpansionismofIndiaandoppose
    the expansionistpolicyofIndiaintheIndian sub
    continentatthegestureofimperialism.

    17.TheRDFwillcontinuetoextendaresoluteand
    practical support to all the revolutionary
    movements, including the genuine national
    liberation movements directed against the world
    imperialist system which are going on and
    developingandwhichmayemergeindifferentparts
    of the globe. It will extend this support by using
    various methods and particularly organizing
    solidarity movements in their support and against
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    the repression on the movements of the Peruvian,


    Philippine, Turkish and Nepali people. It will lend
    particular support to the Peoples War in Nepal,
    directed not only against imperialism but also
    against Indian expansionism. As a part of it and
    separately, it will continue to expose and oppose
    Indianexpansionism,nurturedbyimperialism.This
    factor,alongwithsomeotherfactors,servesasthe
    basisofcloserrelationshipbetweenthepeopleand
    therevolutionarystruggleofthetwocountries.

    The people of India have been living under semi


    colonial,semifeudalruleforalongperiodoftime.
    The state machineryisruthlesslysuppressingeven
    thetradeuniontypeofordinarymovementsofthe
    peopleforminimumdemocraticdemands.Insucha
    condition,tofulfilandaccomplishthehighertasks
    ofthemassmovements,andtomeetwiththeneeds
    for the development of struggle and organization,
    weconstitutetheRDF.Sotheleadersandcadresof
    theRDFmustbepoliticallydetermined,enthusiastic
    insacrificingtheirselfinterestandevendedicating
    theirlivesandtobeboldenoughtowageresistance
    struggles.Onlythen,wewillbeabletoadvancethe
    resistancestrugglesinIndia.

    Greatermassesofdemocraticandprogressiveforces
    have tobe involvedinourprograms.Wemustbe
    wellversedinadoptingcorrectandflexiblepolicies
    andmethodsinjointactivities.TheRDFwilltryits
    besttouniteintheantiimperialistandantifeudal
    struggle with those individuals and organizations
    who oppose the parliamentary path, support the
    revolutionarystrugglesandopposestaterepressions.
    The RDF will unite with others too in issuebased
    jointactivitiesbyformingaplatformlikePeoples
    Action Committees. The RDF will unite with the
    worldproletariat,oppressedcountries,nationsand
    people,andwillfullysupporttheirantiimperialist
    strugglesandalsobuildupsolidaritymovementin
    favourofthesestruggles.
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    WearegoingtoformRDFtoachieveanalternative
    to the persisting semifeudal, semicolonial rule,
    mobilising the vast majority of the people who
    aspire for a genuine democratic political setup,
    whichensuresnotonlythedemocraticrightsofthe
    people but also the free and independent
    development of the economy. The RDF will stand
    wholeheartedly in support of the peoples
    revolutionary struggles which are advancing and
    spreadingtodifferentpartsofthecountrytofulfil
    suchamission.

    The RDF will also support peoples/national


    democratic movements throughout the world
    againsttheglobalimperialistsystem.Itwillorganise
    solidarity movements in support of these
    movements.

    Draft
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)

    CONSTITUTION
    Article1.NameoftheOrganisation
    a)RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)inEnglish.

    b)KratikariJanwadiMorcha(RDF)inHindi

    c)Indifferentstatesthenameoftheorganisation
    should be written in the respective languages but
    RDFshouldbekeptwithinbrackets.

    Article2.LogoandFlagoftheOrganisation
    Colour of the flag is red. There is a symbol of
    clenchedhandwithatornfetterinthemiddleofthe
    flag.AboveitareinscribedthewordsRise,Resist
    andLiberatewhileRDF,theabbreviatednameof
    theorganization,istobestuddedbelow.Thesizeof
    theflagshouldbe2:3inwidthandlength.

    Article3.Areaofwork
    The organisation has a perspective to work at all
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    Indialevelbyhavingcommitteesformedatthelevel
    ofallstatesinIndia.

    Article4.Membership
    a) Any individual who attains the age of 18 and
    acceptstheManifestoandConstitutioncanjoinasa
    member. And the organisations, which accept the
    programme and constitution, can also join as
    members.

    b) Imperialist/government funded organisations or


    individuals who are part ofpolicymakingofsuch
    organisationsshallnotbeadmittedasmembers.

    c)MembershipfeeforallorganisationsRs.1000/
    per annum, for individual memberRs.100/ per
    annum.

    Article7.OrganisationalStructure
    a) A central executive committee of RDF will be
    formed.Delegatesofrepresentativeorganizationsof
    differentprovinceswillbeelectedasmembersofthe
    centralexecutivecommitteethroughtheconference.
    Notmorethan10%ofanycommitteeofRDFwill
    haveindividualsasitsmembers.

    b) The representative organizations of different


    provinces of the RDF may have an independent
    name.

    c)Stateunitswhichfunctionwithadifferentname
    willwriteaStateUnitofRDFunderitsname.

    d) The central executive committee will lead the


    organizationontheprincipleofconsensus.

    e) At the central level, there will be an AllIndia


    ExecutiveCommittee(EC).ItwillbeelectedbyAll
    Indiaconference.

    f)Therewillbestatelevelcommitteeselectedbythe
    conferences.
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    g) The central executive committee will elect a


    president,vicepresident,asecretary,threeassistant
    secretariesandatreasurer.

    Article8.Meetings
    a)TheECmembersoftheAllIndiaCommitteeshall
    meetonceineverythreemonths.

    Article 9. Rights and responsibilities of office


    bearers
    a)ThepresidentshallpresideovertheECmeetings
    andofficebearersmeetings.

    b) The vicepresident shall preside over these


    meetingsintheabsenceofthepresident.

    c) The general secretary in consultation with the


    presidentcallsforthemeetingsoftheofficebearers
    andtheEC.

    d) The joint secretaries help the general secretary


    andcarriesonthedutiesofthegeneralsecretaryin
    his/herabsence.

    e)Thetreasurerkeepsaccountsandpresentstothe
    ECs,andtotheconference.

    f)Thegeneralsecretaryisthechiefexecutiveofthe
    organisation.

    g) The president is the chief spokesperson of the


    organisation.

    Article10.Discipline
    a)RDFarrivesatdecisionsdemocraticallythrough
    majorityvoteinallcommittees.

    b) All the lower committees shall implement the


    decisionsoftheAllIndiacommittee.

    c) From the platform of the organisation or any


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    unitedfront,committeemembersatalllevelsshall
    expressonlythestandoftheorganisation.

    d) Disciplinary action can be taken against those


    whoactagainsttheManifestoandtheConstitution
    of the organisation or the decisions of the
    committees. Efforts must be made to solve the
    problems internally through democratic processes.
    Expulsion from the organisation is the ultimate
    action, which can be awarded only after all
    precautionsarestrictlytaken.

    e)Thedifferencesandconflictsamongthemember
    organisationsshouldnotbeopenlyexpressedfrom
    thedaisofRDForanypublicdais.

    Article11.Magazine
    a) On behalf of the organisation, an English
    magazine called Peoples Resistance and Hindi
    magazinecalledJanPrtirodhshouldbebroughtout
    atthecentrallevel.

    b)Organsinotherlanguagesmayalsobepublished

    c)TheExecutiveCommitteeshallappointeditorial
    board/sforthemanagementofthemagazines.

    Article13.Funds
    a)Forfunds,theorganisationshoulddependonthe
    members,memberorganisations,andthepeople.

    b)Allpublicationsshouldbeselfsupporting.

    c)TheAllIndiacommitteeshouldacquirefundsfor
    its requirements, in cooperation with the state
    committees.Thefundsacquiredbystatecommittees
    shallbedistributedintheratioof25:75forallIndia,
    statecommittees.
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    Article14.ChangeofConstitution
    The Manifesto and the Constitution can be
    amended/changed if necessary by the all India
    Conferenceby2/3majority.

    Article15.Conference
    Theconferenceoftheorganizationistobeheldat
    anintervalofthreeyears,thoughthetimelimitmay
    varyasperthespecificityofthesituation.

    OURAIMSANDTASKS

    The RDF desires that the people of India liberate


    themselves from the clutches of exploitation and
    oppression from imperialism, the comprador
    bourgeoisie and feudalism. The RDF wants the
    abolitionofthisexploitativeandoppressivesystem.
    So it raises the slogan Rise, Resist and
    LiberatetocreateanewdemocraticIndia.

    The RDF with its utmost capability will wage


    resolute struggle against feudal and imperialist
    exploitation, atrocities and oppression. If the
    struggle is not to be confined to the limits of the
    parliamentary sphere and if the revolutionary
    struggle is tobe uninterruptedly continued,it will
    notbeadequatetomerelywagethestruggleagainst
    feudal and imperialist exploitation, atrocity and
    oppression only, rather we have to advance our
    thinkingforbuildingarevolutionarystruggleforthe
    totaleradicationoffeudalismandimperialism.Ifwe
    startourstruggleagainstexploitationandrepression
    with this spirit, the struggle willbe more resolute
    and its power of resistances will be increased
    manifold. So, to rouse the people with the
    consciousness of resistance struggles and to make
    themreallyfittoparticipateinthisstruggle,theRDF
    upholds the path of Naxalbari i.e., the path of
    Andhra, Jharkhand, Bihar and Dandakaranya. The
    RDFwillconductintensiveandmassivepropaganda
    highlightingthispathandwillhelpthesestruggles
    ineverypossibleway.
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    In the said document aims and tasks of


    Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) are
    mentionedasunder:

    AIMSANDTASKS

    The RDF desires that the people of India liberate


    themselves from the clutches of exploitation and
    oppression from imperialism, the comprador
    bourgeoisie and feudalism. The RDF wants the
    abolitionofthisexploitativeandoppressivesystem.
    So it raises the slogan Rise, Resist and
    LiberatetocreateanewdemocraticIndia.

    The RDF with its utmost capability will wage


    resolute struggle against feudal and imperialist
    exploitation, atrocities and oppression. If the
    struggle is not to be confined to the limits of the
    parliamentary sphere and if the revolutionary
    struggle is to be uninterruptedly continued,it will
    notbeadequatetomerelywagethestruggleagainst
    feudal and imperialist exploitation, atrocity and
    oppression only, rather we have to advance our
    thinkingforbuildingarevolutionarystruggleforthe
    totaleradicationoffeudalismandimperialism.Ifwe
    startourstruggleagainstexploitationandrepression
    with this spirit, the struggle willbe more resolute
    and its power of resistances will be increased
    manifold. So, to rouse the people with the
    consciousness of resistance struggles and to make
    themreallyfittoparticipateinthisstruggle,theRDF
    upholds the path of Naxalbari i.e., the path of
    Andhra, Jharkhand, Bihar and Dandakaranya. The
    RDFwillconductintensiveandmassivepropaganda
    highlightingthispathandwillhelpthesestruggles
    ineverypossibleway.
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    534] From the above aims and tasks, it is clear that RDF, a
    frontalorganizationofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)upholdsthe
    path of Naxalbari i.e., the path of Andhra, Jharkhand, Bihar and
    Dandakaranyaanditwillconductintensiveandmassivepropaganda
    highlightingthispathandwillhelpthesestrugglesineverypossible
    way.

    535] Further, from the said document it reveals that RDF


    followed Naxalbari which illuminated the path of the Indian
    revolutionandopenedanewchapterinthehistoryofthepeasant
    struggle in India and the struggle of Naxalbari brought a
    revolutionarymassstruggle.FurtherRDFcriticizeagainsttheIndian
    Judiciarybysayingthatjudiciaryisnotconsistentwiththeprovisions
    of the Indian Constitution and in the areas of Andhra, Zarkhand,
    Bihar and Dandakarnya the people have raised the slogan that
    boycottofelectionsisademocraticrightandthismovementhas
    expanded to a wider area facing the onslaughts of the police and
    cadresofelectoralparties.Further,inthesaiddraftbelowthehead
    DraftRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)Constitutionthatthe
    nameoforganisationare(a)RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)
    inEnglish.(b)KrantikariJanwadiMorcha(RDF)inHindiand(c)In
    differentstatesthenameoftheorganisationshouldbewritteninthe
    respectivelanguagesbutRDFshouldbekeptwithbrackets.

    536] Art.160 having path ex 23/ALLL/Accommodation


    issue/Letters/LettertotheGeneralSecretaryofCPIMaoist,isa
    letteraddressedtotheGeneralSecretaryCommunistPartyofIndia
    (Maoist) wherein further mentioned that We are aware that this
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    militaryoffensivehasallthecharacteristicsofgenocidetohavebeen
    launched on the tribal people of these regions and simultaneously
    targetedagainstyourpartyandotherpeople'sorganizations.Atthe
    endofthisletterthenameofaccusedno.6Saibabaisappearing.

    537] Art.161 having path ex 4/6 Dec 2011/others/Fact


    findingreportonthekillingofCPIMaoistPolitbureaumember
    KishenjititledasStatementonthekillingofCPI(Maoist)Polibureau
    memberKishenjitakenoutfromtheharddiskExh.4,seizedfromthe
    house of you accused under seizure panchanama (Exh.165) dated
    December 3, 2011 is a Fact Finding Report by Coordination of
    Democratic Rights Organization, wherein it is observed that,
    Consideringtheextentofthedamagecausedtothebodyagainstthe
    ratherundisturbedsurroundingofthespotwherethebodylayraises
    oursuspicionabouttheofficialversion.Thereportedofficialversion
    themselvessufferfrominconsistencies.Foreg.WhereasChiefMinister
    Mamta Bannerjee claimed that for three days a Kishanji and his
    companionswereencircledandtheywereaskedtosurrender,butthe
    villagers deny having heard any public announcement over loud
    speaker of any kind much less asking him to surrender. Mr Vijay
    KumarDGofCRPFwentonrecordon25thNovemberthatKishanji
    alongwiththreeotherswerekilledinanencounterwhereasonlya
    singlebodywasfound!Thereportednumberofbulletsfiredsaidto
    beseveralhundredinthecourseof1530minutelongencounterdo
    notcorrespondtothespotwherehisbodylay.Attheendofthisfact
    findingreportitisdemandedasunder:
    1] Anindependentjudicialinquiryheadedbya
    sittingorretiredSupremeCourtorHighCourtjudge
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    intocircumstancessurroundingKishanji'sdeath.
    2] Registeracriminalcaseundersection302I.P.C

    538] Art.162 seized from the house of accused no.6 Saibaba


    underseizurepanchanama(Exh.165)havingpathex4/8Nov,2011/
    CRPP/CRPP Old Files/Brochure final/More messages Political
    prisoners, is a letter addressedtoThe Principal Secretary(Home)
    Uttarakhand Government Dehradon which is sent by accused no.4
    PrashantRahibelowthatMaoistPrisonersTamilNaduiswrittenand
    it is mentioned that, We hope the Committee for the Release of
    PoliticalPrisonerswillworkfortherecognitionofPoliticalPrisoners
    and brings the right of freedom of Expression of opinions by the
    peoplewithoutbeingthreatened.

    539] Art.163 seized from the house of accused no.6 Saibaba


    underseizurepanchanama(Exh.165)havingpathex4/CRPP/CRPP
    Oldfiles/Brochurefinal/EDITED/ProfilePrashantRahiEdited,is
    adocumenttitledasPrashantRahiwithphotographofaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahiwhereinitismentionedaboutarrestofaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahion15thDec2007inDeharadun.

    540] Art.164havingpath Ex3/Ritu/AllDownloads/Letter2


    AllILPSMemberorganisations300611(1)isaletteraddressedto
    All ILPS Member Organisations, and further stated that Dear
    ComradesandFriends,andalsomentionedInfact,thecallforthe
    ICC meeting of November 2009 was based on the request of the
    Deputy Chairperson of ILPS, GN Saibaba (accused no.6 Saibaba),
    fromIndia.Hehadaskedforthisgatheringinordertoreportonthe
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    progressandtodiscusstheplansforamajorinternationalprojectto
    behostedinIndia.Thiswasaprojectthathewasleadingonbehalf
    oftheILPSastheregionalcoordinatorforSouthAsiaandanofficer
    oftheICC.

    PhotographsshowingtheactivitiesrelatingtoRDFamongstthe
    pageNos.1to247ofExh.267

    1] In the photographatpage no.36ofExh.267


    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.3/new folder (2)/all metters
    I/photos/11.5.07, photono.IMG_3162aposterof
    DSU is seen regarding freedom for Kashmir,
    Nagalim,Manipur,Assam,Eelum,Palestine.

    2] In the photographatpage no.38ofExh.267


    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.3/new folder(II)/All metters
    I/photos/Utt.RDF convention photos/rdf, photo
    no. 3827/3828, accusedno.3 Hem Mishraisseen
    onstagesingingsongwithinstrumentinconvention
    ofRDFUttarakhand.

    3] In the photographatpage no.39ofExh.267


    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.3/new folder (2)/all metters
    I/photos/utt.rdf.convention photos.rdf wife of
    accused no.4 Prashant Rahi, namely, Charulata is
    seenaddressingtheconventionofRDFUttarakhand.
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    4] Inthephotograph atpageno.40ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.3/new folder (2)/all metters I/photos/crpp
    programmes, photono.4017,4042,4047 people
    are seen attending the programme of National
    Campaign Against Illegal Detention Organized by
    CRPP.

    5] In photograph at page no.135 of Exh.267


    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/All photos/photos many/political
    programmes/conventiononTamils,accusedno.6
    Saibaba is seen addressing from stage under the
    banner The Unspoken Genocide: War crimes in
    Srilanka.

    6] In photograph at page no.143 of Exh.267


    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/All photos/photosTamil meeting photos,
    accused no.6 Saibaba is seen sitting on stage in
    publicmeetingonthesubjectSTOPTHEWAROF
    GENOCIDE OF TAMILS IN SRILANKA, held at
    DeputySpeaker,sHallConstitutionClubRafiMarg
    NearParliamentStreetNewDelhiat28thAprilat
    3.00p.m.
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    7] Inthephotographatpageno.145ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/allphotos/photossai/newfolder1, photo
    no.File023,024,027,accusedno.4PrashantRahi
    is seen addressing a meeting of Revolutionary
    Democratic Front supported by Telangana Praja
    front.

    8] Inthephotographatpageno.146ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/all photos/photos sai/new folder1,
    accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is seen addressing a
    meeting of Revolutionary Democratic Front
    alongwith accused no.6 Saibaba supported by
    TelanganaPrajafront.

    9] Inthephotographatpageno.147ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/All photos/photos many/political
    programmes/21.5.2011, GPF meeting against
    army deployment, photo no. 100_9582/9583,
    accused no.6 Saibaba is seen addressing public
    meetingunderthebannerStopArmyEncroachment
    inBastarOpposeIndianStatesWaronPeople,held
    atGandhiPeaceFoundation,NewDelhi.

    10] Inthephotographatpageno.148ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
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    Exh.5/All photos/Prachanda, photo no. 1405,


    accused no.6 Saibaba is seen along with Maoist
    leader of Nepal Prachanda and Rona Wilson and
    others.

    11] Inthephotographatpageno.149ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/Allphotos/Prachanda, photono.100_1404,
    wife of accused no.6 Saibaba, namely Vasanta is
    seenalongwithMaoistleaderofNepalPrachanda.

    12] In the photographat page no.150ofExh.267


    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/Allphotos/Prachanda,photono.100_1399,
    accused no.6 Saibaba is seen along with Maoist
    leaderofNepalandBaburamBhattarai.

    13] In photograph at page no.151 of Exh.267


    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/Allphotos/CRPPconferencephotos,photo
    no. DSCF7680, accused no.6 Saibaba is seen on
    stageintheconferenceofcommitteefortherelease
    ofpoliticalprisoners.

    14] Inthephotographatpageno.152ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/Allphotos/photosmany/CRPPconference
    photos/pictures, accused no.6 Saibaba is seen
    alongwithRonaWilson.
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    15] Inthephotographatpageno.153ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/All photos/photos many/ political
    programmes/meeting/TIA ILPS, accused no.6
    Saibabaisseenonstagewithsomeoftheforeigners
    attending the 3rd International assembly of
    internationalleagueofPeople'sStruggleILPSheld
    atHongkong.

    16] Inthephotographatpageno.154ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/All photos/photos many/political
    programmes/meeting/TIA ILPS, accused no.6
    Saibabaisseenalongwithsomeforeignerandone
    IndianladySomaSen.

    17] In photograph at page no.158 of Exh.267


    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/Allphotos/4Decconventionphotos,photo
    no.2544, accused no.3 HemMishra isseen sitting
    alongwithotheraudience.

    18] Inthephotographatpageno.159ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/All photos/photos many/i phone photos,
    photono.3172,accusedno.3HemMishraisseen
    attending a meeting along with Rona Wilson and
    AjayKumar.
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    19] In photograph at page no.160 of Exh.267


    taken out from the harddisk Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/All photos/photos many/iphone photos,
    accusedno.6Saibabaisseenonstage.

    Following are the personal photographs found in Arts.1 to 41


    seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabainwhich
    accusedno.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahiandno.6Saibaba
    areseen.

    1] In the personal photograph having path


    Harddisc ex 3/C/new folder (2)/All metters
    1/Hems photos/images, accused no.3 Hem
    Mishra,whichwasfoundinpossessionofaccused
    no.6 Saibaba and accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is
    therealongwiththem.

    2] In the personal photograph having path


    Harddisc Exh.3/New folder (2)/All metters
    1/Hem's photos/Images, which was seized from
    accused Saibaba's house under panchanama at
    Exh.165inwhichpersonalphotographofaccused
    no.3 Hem Mishra, accused no.4 Prashant Rahi
    andaccusedno.6areseen.
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    PhotographsfoundinKodakcameraArt.30seizedfrompossession
    ofaccusedno.3HemMishra.

    541] Asdiscussedabove,whenthepersonalsearchofaccused
    no.3 Hem Mishra was taken, from his possession Kodak camera
    alongwithchargerwasseizedvidepanchanamaExh.137andtothat
    effecttheevidenceofInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheand
    panch P.W.1 SantoshBawne is clearandcogentandnotshaken in
    crossexamination. TheKodakcameraalongwithchargerispartof
    muddemalproperty. Hence,atthetimeofrecordingstatementu/s
    313 of Cr.P.C. of accused no.3 Hem Mishra the camera of Kodak
    companywasopenedalongwiththecharger(Art.30)beforethecourt
    on the laptop of the Court in presence of the accused no.3 Hem
    Mishra,hisAdvocateShriGadlingandSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathan.In
    thecamerainalltherewereelevenphotosandallthesephotoswere
    showntotheaccusedno.3HemMishraandquestionswereaskedto
    himonalltheseelevenphotographs.Thedescriptionofphotographs
    areasunder:

    1]Infirstphotographthereare3memorycardsof8
    GB,32GB and16GBofSandiskcompanyandsome
    pendrivesalongwith memorycards.

    2]Insecondphotographthereisfaceofsmallchild
    around5years.

    3]Inthirdphotographrearviewmirrorofthecaris
    seen.
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    4]Fourthphotographisblank,

    5] In fifth photograph one girl around 15 to 20


    yearsisseen.
    6]Insixthphotographdashboardofacarisseen.

    7]Inseventhphotographonepersonandagirlare
    seen.

    8] IneighthphotographonecarrybagofAccabois
    seen.

    9]Inninthphotographaccusedno.6G.N.Saibabais
    seen sittingonwheelchair,

    10] Intenth photographonegirlapproximately15


    to20yearsisseen.

    11] Ineleventh photographmapofIndiahanging


    wallclockisseen.

    542] All the above photographs are existed in the internal


    memoryofthesaidcameraofKodakcompanyandthephotographsin
    thecamerabeforetheCourtwereseenandrelevantquestionswere
    puttotheaccusedno.3HemMishraandhence,inmyopinion,asthe
    originalcameraisbeforetheCourtandphotographswereininternal
    memory,itcanbereadinevidencewithoutthecertificateu/s65Bof
    theIndianEvidenceAct.Hence,inviewofjudgmentofApexcourtin
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    AnvarP.V.v.P.K.BasheerreportedinAIR2015SC180 certificate
    u/s65BoftheEvidenceActisnotnecessary.

    543] Atthisjunctureitisnecessarytoconsiderratiolaiddown
    inthecaseofPreetiJainv.KunalJainandanotherreportedinAIR
    2016Rajasthan153itisobservedthat
    FamilyCourtsAct(66of1984),S.14Evidence
    Act (1 of 1872), Ss.65B, 122 Family Courts
    proceedings Admissibility of electronic records
    Husband seeking to produce video clippings
    recordedthroughpinholecameraestablishingwife's
    extra marital relationship Benefit of privileged
    communicationsbetweenhusbandandwifeIsnot
    available in Family Court proceedings Clipping
    from pin hole camera with hard disk memory is
    primary evidence Thus compliance of S.65B of
    EvidenceActisnotnecessary.

    Videoclipsfoundintheelectronicgadgets(Art.1to41)seized
    from the house search of accused no.6 Saibaba showing
    involvement of accused no.3 Hem Mishra, no.4 Prashant Rahi,
    no.6Saibaba

    544] Afterdiscussingtheincriminatingdocumentsfoundintext
    form contained in electronic gadgets like memorycard of Sandisk
    companyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraand
    Arts.no.1to41seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba,
    it is necessary to discuss the videoclips showing the activities of
    accusedno.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahiandno.6Saibaba.

    Videoclipsinelectronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)seizedfromthe
    housesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaunderseizurepanchanama
    Exh.165inwhichaccusedno.6Saibabawasseen
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    447 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    1] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films/


    S1/RDF/1/video_TS, VTS _01_1 it is clear that
    accusedno.6Saibabaisseentakingpartandothers
    aresingingsongondeathofShankarandsinging
    slogansLalSalamLalSalam.

    2] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films/S1


    /RDF/1/video_TS,VTS_01_1 venueandstageof
    1st conferenceofRDFisshownandonebanneris
    seen on which it is written as STOP OPERATION
    GREEN HUNT RDF WITHDRAW THE ARMED
    FORCESFROMBASTAR,ONTHEGATEBANNERIT
    IS WRITTEN REVOLUTIONARY DEMOCRATIC
    FRONT(RDF) ALL INDIA1ST CONFERENCE 2223
    APRIL 2012 HYDERABAD TELANGANA, BELOW
    STAGETHEREAREBANNERSSHAHIDCOMRADE
    NAGINAMAJHEE MANCH, ON STAGE THERE IS
    BANNER OF REVOLUTIONARY DEMOCRATIC
    FRONT(RDF) ALL INDIA 1ST CONFERENCE 2223
    APRIL 2012 SUNDARAYYA VIGNANA BHAWAN
    BAGHKINGAMPALLY HYDERABAD TELANGANA,
    and accused no.6 Saibaba is entering the venue
    amidstbeatsofdrums.

    3] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films


    /S1/RDF/ 1/ video_TS, VTS _01_1 slogans are
    givenforShahidSheshannaandpeoplearesinging
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    448 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    TUMKOLALSALAMSATHI.Inthisvideoclipone
    ladyMaaMalammaisunveilingmemorialpillarfor
    amar shahid and accused no.6 Saibaba is seen
    presentandgivingslogans.

    4] In videoclip having path Exh.3 /films


    /s1/RDF/1/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2,thedignitaries
    from different parts including accused no.6 G.N.
    Saibaba is seen on dais, and addressed as Dy.
    Secretary,RDFbelowthebannerofRDFalongwith
    others.

    5] Invideoclipatpath Exh.3/films/s1/RDF/
    1/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3, RDF magazine
    Janpratirodh is shown to audience by one of the
    sikhpersonsitingonthedais.

    6] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /1/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1, somegentsandladies
    raised the slogans as Shahidonko Lal Salam,
    Navjanwadi Kranti Zindabad, Ek Hi Rasta Ek Hi
    RastaNaxalbariEkHiRasta..

    7] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /2/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1,accusedno.6Saibabais
    seenspeakingabouttheKashmiripeoplesstruggle
    forfreedomandgaveassurancethatRDFisnotonly
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    449 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    supportingthemovementbuttakesactivepartand
    their main concern is to liberate the Kashmir and
    further accused no.6 Saibaba have stated that the
    struggleforliberationofKashmirandourliberation
    arethesame.

    9] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /2/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1, the dignitaries from
    differentpartsincludingaccusedno.6G.N.Saibaba
    is seen on dais along with Sayad Gilani, and
    explainingaboutthemanifestoofRDFandfurther
    accused no.6 Saibaba have seen supporting the
    Navjanvadi Kranti, further he have invited Arun
    Pareira to release the book SCRIPTING THE
    CHANGE WRITTENBYANURADHAGANDHYand
    hasreleasedthebook.

    10] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /3/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3, the dignitaries from
    differentpartsincludingaccusedno.6G.N.Saibaba
    isseenondaisandspeakingaboutTelanganaand
    givingacalltogivebloodforcreationofTelangana.

    11] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /3/ VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1, the dignitaries from
    different parts including accused no.6 Saibaba is
    seen ondaisandspeakingaboutthemanifestoof
    RDF,reportoflas7years,theareasofworkingof
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    450 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    RDF and the purpose of RDF is to spread


    revolutionaryideologyamongstthemasses.

    12] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /3 /VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3, the dignitaries from
    different parts including accused no.6 Saibaba is
    seenondaisandhaveinvitedRonaWilsontoread
    out the message fromNagaland.RonaWilson has
    read the message from Nagaland regarding the
    revolutionary struggle of the people of Nagaland,
    Assam,KashmirEtc.andtheirsupporttoRDF.

    13] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /3/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_4,accusedno.6Saibabais
    seencallingComradeKalyanraotoreleasetheCD
    prepared by Jananatya Mandali with title Dhruva
    TaraintheconferenceofRDF.

    14] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /4/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2,accusedno.6Saibabais
    seen saying that the RDF completely reject the
    parliamentary system and use of parliamentary
    system and its electoral system and have further
    stated that RDF manifesto clearly establishes that
    this organization thinksthat naxalvadichange the
    face of the politics of this country, the politics of
    Indians of continent will remain the same after
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    451 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    naxalbari apprising happened, so naxalvadi ek hi


    raasta,naxalvadiisonlywayisthecentralsloganas
    per the RDF and other statements regarding
    naxalbari.

    15] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /4/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3,accusedno.6Saibabais
    seensittingonthedaisaddressingthepeopleand
    calling theirsuggestionsonmanifestoofRDFand
    various persons has spoken from the dais about
    manifesto.

    16] In videoclip having path Exh.9/my


    dvd/VTS_01_1 accused no.6 Saibaba seen
    addressingthemeetingheldonKishanjiwherehe
    also saying that he got inspiration from Kishanji
    and further the meetingis held under the banner
    QthZ eqBHksM vkSj gR;kds f[kykQ la;qDr dUosa'ku lanHkZ dk-
    fd'kuth and nearthebanneronephotographofa
    personinnaxaldressisseen.

    17] In videoclip having path Exh.9/my


    dvd/VTS_01_2 accused no.6 Saibaba is seen
    addressing the aforesaid meeting on Kishanji and
    accused no.6 Saibaba have offered tributes to
    KishanjionbehalfofRDFandstatedthattheRDF
    will continue with the revolutionary thoughts and
    missionofKishanji.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    452 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    18] In videoclip having path Exh.7/Exh.71/


    (1)DVD/ 091204/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3 accused
    no.6Saibabaisseenonthestageintheconvention
    against war on people held at Speaker's hall
    Constitution Club Rafi Marg, New Delhi on 4th
    December2009byForumAgainstWaronPeople.

    19] In videoclip having path Exh.7/Exh.71/


    (1)DVD/ 091204/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3 accused
    no.6Saibaba isaddressingameeting Convention
    against War on People held at Speaker's hall
    Constitution Club Rafi Marg, New Delhi on 4th
    December2009byForumAgainstWaron People
    and he have stated that comrades have financial
    problemandappealtocontributefortheforum.

    22] Invideocliphavingpath Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1 armed naxals in
    uniformareseenwalkinginjungleandbackground
    sound of CPI (Maoist) Party spokesperson Aazad
    playedandstatesthatMaoismteachesusthatself
    preservationispossibleonlythroughwar.

    23] Invideocliphavingpath Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/ VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2 armed naxals in
    uniformareseencomingforgatheringforfunction
    in jungle and greeting each other also many red
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    453 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    bannersareseenandononebanneritisseenthe
    name comrade Janki (Anuradha Gandhi) Amar
    Rahe and further the gathered armed naxals and
    other peoples shouted the slogans as Bharat ki
    CommunistPartyMaowadiZindabad,BharatkiNav
    JanwadiKrantiZindabadand encounterbyarmed
    naxalsinwhichpolicepersonswerekilledisseen.

    24] Invideocliphavingpath Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3 armed naxals in
    uniformareseentakingtrainingandexercisingin
    jungleandbackgroundsoundofCPI(Maoist)party
    spokespersonAazadplayedandhestatesaboutthe
    CPI (Maoist)armedstrengthandtheirtacticsand
    showstheinterviewsofonenaxalabouttheKudru
    ambushandCPI(Maoist)promotionalvideoisseen
    howtheambushonpolicepartyisexecuted.

    25] In the videoclip having path Exh.16/(1)


    NAXILISTES/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1 armed naxals
    inuniformareseenwalkinginjungleandcamping,
    attending public meeting showing naxal tactics in
    jungle.

    26] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkal programme
    _2010/Kutul_Maad/kutulbhoomkal_2010armed
    naxalsinuniformalongwiththevillagersareseen
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    454 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    gatheredinjungletocelebratethe10thanniversary
    ofBhoomkalandtheyareshoutingwiththeslogans
    as Lal Salam, Mahan Bhoomkal Zindabad, Mahan
    Bhoomkal Shahidonko Lal Salam and one armed
    naxalinuniformseenaddressingtothegatheringof
    around2000to3000peoplesandarmednaxals.

    27] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_
    2010/Vayanar_ EBT/ 1/ DSCN 4236, armed
    naxalsinuniformalongwiththevillagersareseen
    gatheredinjungleareshoutingwiththeslogansas
    Jantana sarkar ko majbut karo,Dandkaranyako
    aadhar elakeme badal dalo,Bharat ki communist
    partymaowadizindabad.

    28] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_
    2010/Vayanar _EBT /2/ Bhoomakal_ 2010,
    armednaxalsinuniformalongwiththevillagersare
    seenmarchinginjunglewithredcolouredbanners
    and flags and some green coloured dressed girls
    seendancingandsingingonthestageandthousand
    villagersgatheringalongwitharmednaxalsandone
    naxal speaks and many red coloured banners and
    pictures, naxal martyr monument is seen around
    thereandarmednaxalsaredancingandonenaxal
    takesvideoshootingofthedance.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    455 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    29] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Com. Kumli martyrdym
    /DKVFOnCom.Kumlifunerals/Kumlifunerals
    onenaxalladyinuniformnamedKumliisseendead
    and other CPI (Maoist) naxal along with villagers
    performedherfuneral.

    30] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DK MATTERS/FILM/1, some armed
    naxalsinuniformareseenwalkinginjungles.

    31] Inaudiofolderhavingpath Exh.3/Ritu/from
    old comp 23 oct 2012/songs/DK CNM,
    Jharkhand abhen album_2010, Jung Ki Pukar,
    Kranti.gana, somesongs,songs, and hundredsof
    revolutionarynaxalsongsarethere.

    32] InfolderatpathExh.3/films,itisseenthatin
    thisfolder100sofEnglishandregionalmoviesand
    videosareseen.

    33] In videoclip having path Exh.3/RDF


    Conference video/9DVD/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3,
    accusedno.6SaibabaseenonRDF'sfirstconference
    stageandrequestingRajkishoretodeclarethenew
    panelofRDFandRajkishoredeclaresthenewpanel
    andcalleduponallthemembersondaisandthese
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    456 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    members were fifteen in numbers standing and


    holding and raising their hands towards the
    audience alongwith accused no.6 Saibaba, one of
    thepanelmember.

    34] In videoclip having path Exh.3/RDF


    Conference video/9DVD/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_4,
    comrade Rajkishore is seen declaring new office
    bearersoftheRDFandfurthercomradeVaravararao
    declaresasaPresident,comradeGhantiprasadamas
    a Vice President and accused no.6 Saibaba is
    declared as a Joint Secretary along with comrade
    JeetanMarandiwhowasinjail,alsodeclaresasa
    JointSecretary,comradeAjayasaTreasurer.

    Videoclipsinelectronicgadgetsseizedfromthehousesearchof
    accused no.6 Saibaba under seizure panchanama Exh.165 in
    whichaccusedno.3HemMishrawasseen.

    (1) In videoclip having path Exh.7/Exh.71/


    (1)DVD/ 091204/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1 accused
    no.3 Hem Mishra is seen in the audience of the
    meetingforConventionagainstWaronPeopleheld
    atSpeaker'shallConstitutionClubRafiMarg,New
    Delhion4thDecember2009byForumAgainstWar
    onPeopleandSaibabaissatonthedais.

    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    457 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    (2) In videoclip having path DVD at Exh.111,2


    accusedNo.3HemMishraisseentakingactivepart
    andsingingsongtocondemnthedeathofKishanji
    (CPIMAOISTLeader)andgivingslogansLalSalam.

    (3) In videoclip having path Ex7/Ex71/


    (10DVD_09204/ VIDEO_TS accused No.3 Hem
    Mishraisseentakingactivepartandsingingsongto
    condemnthedeathofKishanji(NaxalLeader)and
    givingslogansLalSalam.

    (4) In videoclip having path Exh.3/Meetings/


    Jiten Convention Against Death Penalty/20 Dec
    2011 Jiten Convention 2 Compressed version/
    convention disc 2/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3, accused
    No.3HemMishraisseenalongwithagroupof10to
    12 young people and he is speaking from the
    podiumregardingdeathsentenceto JitenMarandi
    andthesongwhichwassungbyJitanMarandiand
    thereafteraccusedNo.3HemMishraalongwiththe
    grouphavepresentedthesaidsong.

    (5)InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/Meetings/Jiten
    Convention Against Death Penalty/20 Dec 2011
    JitenConvention2Compressedversion/convention
    disc 2/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_4, accused No.3 Hem
    Mishraalongwith10to12youngpersonsareseen
    presenting song on Jharkhand and thereafter he
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    458 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    madeannouncementregardingpresentingasongin
    Punjabi.

    (6)InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/Meetings/Jiten
    Convention Against Death Penalty/20 Dec 2011
    JitenConvention2Compressedversion/convention
    disc2/VTS_01_5,apersonisaddressingagathering
    and accused No.3 Hem Mishra is seen taking
    photographs,theeventisunderbannerConvention
    and Cultural Performance 20 December 2011 at
    India International Centre, New Delhi and in this
    programme accused No.6 G.N. Saibaba was also
    present.

    (7) In videoclip having path Exh.7/Exh.71/


    (1)DVD/091204/ VIDEO_TS/VTS _01_1 accused
    No.3 Hem Mishra is seen in the audiance of the
    meetingforConventionagainstWaronPeopleheld
    atSpeaker'shallConstitutionClubRafiMarg,New
    Delhion4thDecember2009byForumAgainstWar
    on People and accused No.6 Saibaba was found
    sittingonthedais.

    Videoclipsinelectronicgadgetsseizedfromthehousesearchof
    accused no.6 Saibaba under seizure panchanama Exh.165 in
    whichaccusedno.4PrashantRahiwasseen.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    459 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    (1) In videoclip having path Exh.3/films/


    s1/RDF/2/VIDEO _TS/VTS_01_1, accused no.6
    Saibabaisseenondaisandaccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahiisfoundsittingintheaudiencewhereonelady
    is giving slogans demanding return of Army from
    KashmirandforliberationofKashmirandaccused
    no.4 Prashant Rahi is seen responding to the
    slogans.
    (2)InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/RDFconference
    videos/DVD_ VIDEO_TS, accused no. 4 Prashant
    Rahi is seen attending and participating in the
    convention of the first RDF conference held at
    Hyderabadintheyear2012andfurtheritisseen
    that accused no.6 Saibaba was addressing the
    peoplefromthestageandthereisabighallhaving
    largeaudienceandsittingcapacityisaround500is
    seeninthevideoandaccusedNo.4PrashantRahiis
    seensittinginthehallontherightsiderowhaving
    capacity around 500 people and accused no.6
    Saibabaisseenaddressingthemeeting.

    (3) InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /1/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2, the dignitaries from
    different parts including Shri G.N. Saibaba, Dy.
    Secretary, RDF and accused No.4 Prashant Rahi
    werecalledondaisascomradePrashantRahiand
    thereafterhewasseenbelowthebannerofRDFon
    thedaisalongwithothers.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    460 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    (4)InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/Jeetan
    1/video_TS/VTS_01_1,accusedNo.4PrashantRahi
    is seen on the Dias alongwith 4persons in which
    one lady by name Aparna, wife of Jeetan is seen
    addressing,belowthebannerofJanConventionand
    shehasstatedthatJeetanwasmakingdocumentary
    attherelevanttime.

    EVIDENCE IN RESPECT OF CDR OF MOBILE SIM OF ACCUSED


    NO.3HEMMISHRAandACCUSEDNO.4PRASHANTRAHI

    545] ToprovecallrecordsofSIMcardsofaccusedno.3Hem
    andno.4Prashant,prosecutionhasreliedontheevidenceof:

    i]InvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.11),and
    ii]NodalOfficerRaviKhemrajPardeshi(P.W.16).

    Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche (P.W.11) in his


    examinationatExh.235statedthatduringinterrogationwithaccused
    no.3 Hem Mishra it was revealed that he was using mobile SIM
    bearing no. 9873877513 and hewasin contactwithaccusedno.6
    Saibabaandaccusedno.6SaibabausingmobileSIMno.8800100490
    andfurtheraccusedno.2PanduNaroteandno.1MaheshTirkiwere
    using mobile SIM no.9970061273, 9404834308, 9404463877 and
    8860282590. HestatedthatheissuedlettertoSuperintendentof
    Police,GadchiroliatExh.237on25.08.2013andreceivedCDRdetails
    oftheabovemobileSIMnumberson31.08.2013andon31.08.2013
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    461 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    heopenedCDRreportreceivedbyhimandaftergoingthroughithe
    foundlocationofmobileSIMbearingno.8800100490belongingto
    accused no.6 Saibabaandmobile SIMbearingnos.9873877513&
    8860601278 of accused no.3 Hem Mishra. He stated that on
    09.01.2014 and 16.01.2014 he made correspondence to different
    mobilecompaniesbyletterExh.262forgettingCDRofmobile SIM
    nos. 9873877513, 8860601278,8800100490,8394875017andthe
    saidletterwassentthroughSuperintendentofPolice,Gadchiroli.
    546] He was crossexaminedbythe learned defence counsel.
    Incrossexamination,headmittedthatSIMcardsofmobilehandsets
    seizedfromaccusedno.2PanduNaroteandno.1MaheshTirkiwere
    sentforgettingtheCDRdetailsandgotthesamebutthesearenot
    filedonrecord. Hedeniedthatthetowerlocationofaccusedno.2
    PanduNaroteandno.1MaheshTirkiwasatGadchirolidistricthead
    quarter and therefore he had not filed said details. However, no
    questions were put in respect of CDR of mobile SIM numbers of
    accusedno.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahiandno.6Saibaba.

    547] P.W.No.16 Ravi Khemraj Pardeshi is a Nodal Officer of


    Vodafonemobilecompany.Thiswitnessinhisexaminationinchiefat
    Exh.329statedthatsince2007hehasbeenservingasaNodalOfficer
    inVodafonecompany.HeknowsFransisPareraandhewasworking
    asAlternateNodalOfficerandinthiscase,CalldetailsrecordofCell
    no. 9873877513, 8860601278 and 8394875017 were produced by
    their company. Out of those numbers, the numbers 9873877513,
    8860601278wereofDelhiandthirdnumber8394875017wasfrom
    UP(West). ThenumbersofDelhiwasinthenameofaccusedno.3
    Hem Mishra and third number 8394875017 was in the name of
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    462 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    accusedno.4PrashantRahi.HeidentifiedCDRofmobileSIMnos.
    873877513,8860601278and8394875017. Thiswitnessidentified
    the signature of Fransis Parera and seal of the company on CDR
    detailsatExh.330,331and332.Exh.330isCDRofmobileSIMno.
    9873877513. Exh.331 is CDR of mobile SIM 8860601278 and
    Exh.332 is CDR of mobile SIM 8394875017. He stated that the
    extractsofExh.330,331and332weretakenfromserverandtothat
    effect certificate undersection 65B ofEvidenceAct wasissuedby
    FransisParera,AlternateNodalOfficer.

    548] He identified his signature and seal of the company


    thereonandstatedthat the contentsofExh.330,331and332are
    correct. He stated that thecontentsofExh.330,331and332are
    automaticallygeneratedandatthetimeofsupplyingSIMcardthey
    have obtained customer application form and Photo ID proof of
    concernedpersonswhichheproducedwithhiscoveringletterdated
    642016. He stated that the copyof customerapplication formin
    respectofmobileno.8394875017ofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiisat
    Exh.335,applicationforminrespectofmobileSIMno.9873877513
    ofaccusedno.3HemMishraisatExh.336andapplicationformin
    respectofmobileSIMno.8860601278isofaccusedno.3HemMishra
    is at Exh.337 and the CDR Exh.330, 331 and 332 and certificates
    underSec.65BofEvidenceActweresubmittedalongwithletterdated
    1522014atExh.338.

    549] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel. He admitted that his company has been asked to supply
    copies of CDR and SDR by the letter dated 2322014 issued by
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    463 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    SuperintendentofPolice,Gadchiroli.Headmittedthathecannotsay
    whetherSDRhavebeensuppliedalongwiththeCDRandhedidnot
    makeanyenquirywhetherCDRandSDRarerequiredinthepresent
    case.HeadmittedthatinthecertificateExh.333thenameofthe
    holderofmobilenumbersisnotmentionedandhecannotassignany
    reason for the same. He denied that they have not purposefully
    suppliedSDR.

    550] The prosecution has further examined one Engineer of


    B.S.N.L.ShriRajneeshkumarRatiram(P.W.20)atExh.359,whoinhis
    examination has stated that since 2012 he is serving as Sub
    Divisional Engineer in Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited, Deharadoon
    and Superintendent of Police, Gadchiroli had asked him for CDR
    detailsofMobileSimno.9411367099andhehadsuppliedtheCDR
    detailsofthesaidMobileSimfrom1 st August2013to592013at
    Exh.360.HestatedthathepreparedcertificateunderSec.65Bofthe
    Evidence Act, 1872 in respect of CDR details of mobile Sim of
    9411367099. According to him, print out of CDR details hasbeen
    produced by fetching details from the server which is located at
    Chandigarhand the dataofthisMobileSimwasstoredinserver
    automaticallyandhehadtakenprintoutofCDRdetailsatExh.360
    andissuedcertificateu/s65BofEvidenceAct.Hefurtherstatedthat
    he forwarded the certificate and CDR details to Superintendent of
    Police,Gadchirolibyletterdated2222014videExh.362.

    551] Inhiscrossexaminationbythelearneddefencecounsel,
    he denied that he is deposing falsely that he had taken the CDR
    detailsofMobileSimno.9411367099,hehasnotpreparedcertificate
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    464 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    asperSection65BofEvidenceActandhedidnotforwardcertificate
    andCDRdetailstoS.P.Gadchiroli.Theprosecutionhasnotproduced
    anyevidenceonrecordtoshowwhowastheownerofmobileSIM
    bearingno.9411367099,henceevidenceofthiswitnessisnotmuch
    helpfultoprosecution.

    EVIDENCEINRESPECTOFCDROFMOBILESIMOFACCUSED
    NO.6SAIBABA.

    552] TheCDRofmobile SIM no.8800100490ofaccusedno.6


    SaibabahasbeenadmittedbydefenceatExh.412,however,toprove
    the call records of mobile SIM of accused no.6 Saibaba the
    prosecutionhasreliedontheevidenceoffollowingwitnesses:

    i]InvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.11)atExh.235,
    ii]SDPORameshDhumal(P.W.23)atExh.414and
    iii]NodalOfficerManojPatil(P.W.22)

    553] Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche (P.W.11) in his


    examinationinchief at Exh.235statedthatduringhouse searchof
    accused no.6 Saibaba, some mobile numbers were revealed and
    therefore, he had issued letter to the office of S.P. Gadchiroli for
    obtainingtheCDRofthosenumbers. Hestatedthatthreemobiles
    whichwereseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.6Saibabawere
    openedinpresenceofpanchasandthedatacontainedinthemobile
    phone i.e. dial calls, received calls were noted and panchanama
    (Exh.203)tothateffectwaspreparedon1892013inthepresenceof
    panchas. He stated that he recorded statement of accused no.6
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    465 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Saibaba on 912014 and on 1612014 and made correspondence


    withthedifferentmobilecompanies.Hestatedthathegotcertified
    copyofCDRalongwithcertificateinsealedcondition.Hestatedthat
    hehadreceivedCDRfrommobilecompaniesfromSuperintendentof
    Police office on email and taken out the printouts of the same.
    ThereisnocrossexaminationonbehalfofdefenceinrespectofCDR
    ofmobileSIMnumberofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    554] RameshDhumal(P.W.23)theInvestigatingOfficerinS.C.
    No.130/2015inhisexaminationinchiefatExh.414hasstatedthat
    hehadissuedlettertomobilecompaniesi.e.Airtel,Vodafone,BSNL
    for getting certified copies of CDR, SDR and CAF through
    SuperintendentofPolice,Gadchiroliandaftergettingthesame,those
    arefiledonrecord.Duringcrossexaminationhedeniedthathedid
    notissuelettertoMobilecompaniesi.e.Airtel,Vodafone,BSNLfor
    getting certified copies of CDR, SDR, CAF and certificate under
    Sec.65(b) of Evidence Act through Superintendent of Police,
    Gadchiroli.

    555] P.W.22 Manoj Patil, Circle Nodal Officer, Indian Airtail


    office,inhisexaminationatExh.411,statedthattheircompanyhad
    receivedaletterfromSuperintendentofPolice,Gadchirolidated28
    22014 asking details of CDR in respect of mobile Cell
    no.8800100490 and the said letter was received by his colleague
    StephenMenageswhoexpiredlastyearandunderhissignaturethe
    CDRdetailsofmobilenumberalongwith399pagesweresupplied.
    HeidentifiedthesignatureofStephen,onthatletteratExh.412and
    statedthatonallCDRthereisastampofIndianAirtelandpracticeof
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    466 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    taking CDR details is that the Nodal Officer is having unique


    passwordnumberfromwhichhesearches. Hestatedthatthereis
    serveroftheircompanyatDelhiandthedatainthepresentcaseis
    directly taken out from the Delhiserverandeverynodalofficeris
    havingaccesstotheserversituatedatdifferentplacelikeDelhiwith
    uniquepasswordbywhichhecanaccessthe mainserverandfrom
    usingthatpasswordhecanaccesstothemainserversituatedatDelhi
    and take out the CDR of particular mobile number along with its
    tower location. He stated that in CDR details the information
    regardingthecell numberfromwhichcallismadealongwiththe
    IMEI,numberstartingofcallendingofthesame,towerlocationcode,
    themobilenumberthroughwhichthecallismadeandtheplacefrom
    where call was received are mentioned. The tower location is
    mentionedinthecolumnofCellIDandCDRdetailsareatExh.413.

    556] HestatedthatCustomerApplicationFormatExh.418isin
    thenameofaccusedno.6Saibabaandphotocopyoftelephonebill
    (Exh.419) is also in the name of accused no.6 G.N. Saibaba. He
    identifiedDelhiUniversityIdentityCard(Exh.420)ofaccusedno.6
    Saibaba. He stated that from the CDR of above phone number it
    revealsthatfromtimetotimetheaccusedno.3HemMishra,no.4
    Prashant Rahi and no.6 Saibaba were in contact with each other.
    Learneddefencecounselsforaccusednos.1to6declinedtocross
    examinethiswitness.

    557] As the defence has not disputed the evidence of P.W.22


    Manoj Patil and admitted the CDR of mobile SIM bearing no.
    8800100490 belongs to accused no.6 Saibaba and through the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    467 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    evidenceofP.W.16KhemrajPardesitheprosecutionhasprovedthat
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra filed two customer application forms
    separately for issuing mobile SIM card from Vodafone mobile
    company and the copies of the applications are produced by this
    witness.Thesecopiesbearsphotographsofaccusedno.3HemMishra
    and his signatures thereon. These applications are at Exh.336 and
    337. Evidencefurthershowsthataccusedno.4PrashantRahihad
    appliedvidecustomerapplicationformatExh.335forgrantofmobile
    SIMcard,andthatVodafonemobilecompanyissuedthemobileSIM
    cardno.8394875017toaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.Thecustomer
    applicationformExh.335bearshisphotographandsignature.There
    isnocrossexaminationbydefenceadvocateonthepointthataccused
    no.3 Hem Mishra and no.4 Prashant Rahi did not file customer
    application forms (Exhs. 335, 336 and 337) and mobile SIM card
    bearing nos. 9873877513 and 8860601278 were not issued to
    accusedno.3HemMishraandmobileSIMcardno.8394875017was
    not issued to accused no.4 Prashant Rahi. Hence, in view of the
    above admitted position it is necessary to see the last call details
    recordofmobileSIMcardsbelongingtoaccusedno.3HemMishra,
    accusedno.4PrashantRahiandaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    558] Fromcalldetails(Exh.330)ofaccusedno.3HemMishrait
    revealsthataccusedno.6Saibabamadephonecallsfromhismobile
    no. 8800100490 to accused no.3 Hem Mishra on his mobile nos.
    9873877513&8860601278.Thecalldetailsareasunder:

    Sr. MobileNumberof MobileNumber Date Calltime Duration


    No. accusedno.6 ofaccusedno.3
    Saibaba Hem
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    468 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    1 8800100490 9873877513 12122012 18:52:28 0


    2 8800100490 9873877513 12122012 18:52:29 0
    3 8800100490 9873877513 472013 21:10:32 0

    4 8800100490 9873877513 472013 21:10:33 0


    5 8800100490 9873877513 472013 21:10:34 0
    3 8800100490 9873877513 572013 9:40:44 0
    4 8800100490 9873877513 572013 9:40:46 0
    5 8800100490 8860601278 872013 23:53:30 0
    6 8800100490 8860601278 872013 23:53:43 0
    7 8800100490 8860601278 972013 1:04:07 0
    8 8800100490 8860601278 3172013 12:41:20 0
    9 8800100490 8860601278 3172013 12:42:15 0
    10 8800100490 8860601278 3172013 12:43:54 0
    11 8800100490 9873877513 332013 14:05:44 1
    12 8800100490 9873877513 332013 14:05:51 1
    13 8800100490 9873877513 332013 14:05:56 1
    14 8800100490 9873877513 332013 14:06:05 1
    15 8800100490 9873877513 842013 20:10:37 1
    16 8800100490 9873877513 842013 20:10:42 1
    17 8800100490 9873877513 842013 20:10:46 1
    18 8800100490 9873877513 842013 20:10:51 1
    19 8800100490 9873877513 472013 21:10:37 1
    20 8800100490 9873877513 472013 21:10:42 1
    21 8800100490 9873877513 472013 21:10:47 1
    22 8800100490 9873877513 572013 09:43:21 1
    23 8800100490 9873877513 572013 09:43:27 1

    559] From call details (Exh.413) of accused no.6 Saibaba it


    revealsthataccusedno.6Saibabamadephonecallsfromhismobile
    no. 8800100490 to accused no.4 Prashant Rahi on his mobile no.
    8394875017Thecalldetailsareasunder:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    469 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Sr. MobileNumberof MobileNo.of Date Calltime Duration


    No. accusedno.6 accusedno.4
    Saibaba Prashant
    1 8800100490 8394875017 692012 0:08:41 0
    2 8800100490 8394875017 692012 0:08:43 0
    3 8800100490 8394875017 1952013 0:32:18 0
    4 8800100490 8394875017 1952013 0:32:19 0
    5 8800100490 8394875017 1952013 10:56:08 0
    6 8800100490 8394875017 1952013 10:56:10 0
    7 8800100490 8394875017 2152013 12:03:19 0
    8 8800100490 8394875017 362013 19:50:06 0
    9 8800100490 8394875017 362013 19:50:07 0
    10 8800100490 8394875017 362013 19:50:08 0
    11 8800100490 8394875017 362013 19:50:10 0
    12 8800100490 8394875017 362013 19:50:11 0
    13 8800100490 8394875017 462013 19:53:42 0
    14 8800100490 8394875017 462013 19:53:44 0
    15 8800100490 8394875017 462013 19:53:46 0
    16 8800100490 8394875017 472013 21:33:48 0
    17 8800100490 8394875017 472013 21:34:29 0
    18 8800100490 8394875017 472013 21:39:54 0
    19 8800100490 8394875017 472013 21:39:55 0
    20 8800100490 8394875017 472013 21:39:56 0
    21 8800100490 8394875017 472013 21:39:56 0
    22 8800100490 8394875017 472013 21:43:30 0
    23 8800100490 8394875017 472013 21:43:31 0
    24 8800100490 8394875017 472013 21:43:31 0
    25 8800100490 8394875017 472013 21:43:32 0
    26 8800100490 8394875017 572013 14:44:34 125
    27 8800100490 8394875017 872013 17:58:17 0
    28 8800100490 8394875017 872013 17:58:21 0
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    470 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    29 8800100490 8394875017 872013 17:58:24 0


    30 8800100490 8394875017 872013 17:58:26 0
    31 8800100490 8394875017 972013 19:27:18 0
    32 8800100490 8394875017 972013 19:27:20 0
    33 8800100490 8394875017 972013 19:27:21 0
    34 8800100490 8394875017 3072013 19:34:51 0
    35 8800100490 8394875017 3072013 19:34:51 0
    36 8800100490 8394875017 3072013 19:34:52 0
    37 8800100490 8394875017 3172013 17:48:13 0
    38 8800100490 8394875017 3172013 17:48:15 0
    39 8800100490 8394875017 3172013 17:48:16 0
    40 8800100490 8394875017 3172013 17:52:37 0
    41 8800100490 8394875017 3172013 17:52:38 0
    42 8800100490 8394875017 3172013 17:52:39 0
    43 8800100490 8394875017 1482013 10:21:46 0
    44 8800100490 8394875017 1482013 13:34:08 99

    560] From call details (Exh.413) of accused no.6 Saibaba it


    reveals that accused no.3 Hem Mishra made phone calls from his
    mobilenos.9873877513&8860601278toaccusedno.6Saibabaon
    hismobileno.8800100490.Thecalldetailsareasunder:

    Sr. MobileNumberof MobileNo.of Date Calltime Duration


    No. accusedno.3Hem accusedno.6
    Saibabai
    1 9873877513 8800100490 1592012 22:23:56 0
    2 8860601278 8800100490 872013 16:18:01 0
    3 8860601278 8800100490 872013 16:27:56 94
    4 8860601278 8800100490 872013 23:31:18 0
    5 8860601278 8800100490 872013 23:52:41 0
    6 8860601278 8800100490 872013 23:52:43 0
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    471 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    7 8860601278 8800100490 872013 23:53:02 0


    8 8860601278 8800100490 1072013 10:32:32 37
    9 8860601278 8800100490 1072013 10:37:48 26
    10 8860601278 8800100490 3172013 11:50:03 26
    11 8860601278 8800100490 3172013 13:49:30 0
    12 8860601278 8800100490 3172013 14:00:23 0
    13 8860601278 8800100490 3172013 14:00:42 0
    14 8860601278 8800100490 282013 18:41:50 0
    15 8860601278 8800100490 282013 18:46:53 0

    561] From call details (Exh.413) of accused no.6 Saibaba it


    revealsthataccusedno.4PrashantRahimadephonecallsfromhis
    mobileno.8394875017toaccusedno.6Saibabaonhismobileno.
    8800100490.Thecalldetailsareasunder:

    Sr. MobileNumberof MobileNo.of Date Calltime Duration


    No. accusedno.4 accusedno.6
    Prashant Saibabai
    1 8394875017 8800100490 792012 07:39:29 0
    2 8394875017 8800100490 1392012 10:56:32 0
    3 8394875017 8800100490 1392012 10:56:32 0
    4 8394875017 8800100490 472013 21:29:10 0
    5 8394875017 8800100490 472013 21:31:32 0
    6 8394875017 8800100490 472013 21:31:36 0
    7 8394875017 8800100490 472013 21:31:39 0
    8 8394875017 8800100490 472013 21:31:42 0
    9 8394875017 8800100490 472013 21:36:08 0
    10 8394875017 8800100490 472013 21:37:59 0
    11 8394875017 8800100490 572013 12:41:23 0
    12 8394875017 8800100490 572013 12:46:25 0
    13 8394875017 8800100490 572013 13:08:41 8
    14 8394875017 8800100490 1272013 07:12:20 o
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    472 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    15 8394875017 8800100490 1272013 07:17:07 0


    16 8394875017 8800100490 1482013 10:25:11 0

    ArgumentonCDRbySpl.P.P.

    562] LearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathianathansubmittedthattheCDR
    of mobile SIM card of accused no.3 Hem Mishra bearing nos.
    9873877513 and 8860601278 and accused no.4 Prashant Rahi
    bearingno.8394875017wereprovedthroughtheevidenceofNodal
    OfficerRaviKhemrajPardeshi(P.W.16),whoinhisexaminationstated
    that the CDR Exh.330, 331 and 332 were issued by his company
    under the signature of Fransis Parera, Alternate Nodal Officer and
    from the CDR report (Exh.413) it reveals that the last location of
    mobileSIMofaccusedno.3HemMishraon18thAugust2013was
    withinDelhiUniversity.TheCDRofmobileofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    bearing no. 8800100490and CDRreport isadmittedbydefence at
    Exh.413 and the crossexamination of P.W.No.22 Manoj Patil was
    declinedbythedefenceandfromCDRReportofaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishra at Exh.330 it is clear that on 12.12.2012, 05.07.2013,
    08.07.2013, 08.07.2013, 09.07.2013, 31.07.2013, 03.03.2313,
    08.04.2013,04.07.2013and05.07.2013accusedno.6Saibabamade
    phonecallfromhismobileSIMno.8800100490tomobileSIMno.
    9873877513&8860601278ofaccusedno.3HemMishra.FromCDR
    report of accused no.6 Saibaba at Exh.413 it is clear that on
    06.09.2012, 19.05.2013, 21.05.2013, 03.06.2013, 04.06.2013,
    04.07.2013, 05.07.2013, 08.07.2013, 09.07.2013, 30.07.2013,
    31.07.2013and14.08.2013accusedno.6Saibabamadephonecall
    from his mobile SIM Card no. 8800100490 to mobile SIM no.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    473 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    8394875017 of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi. Further, from CDR


    reportofaccusedno.6SaibabaatExh.413itisclearthataccusedno.3
    HemMishramadephonecallstoaccusedno.6Saibabaonhismobile
    SIM Card no. 8800100490 on 15.9.2012, 8.7.2013, 10.7.2013,
    31.7.2013and2.8.2013,andaccusedno.4PrashantRahimadephone
    calls to accused no.6 Saibaba on his mobile SIM Card no.
    8800100490on13.9.2012,4.7.2013,5.7.2013and14.8.2013.

    563] He submitted that on perusal of CDR details (Exhs.330


    and413),itisclearthattheaccusedno.3HemMishra,accusedno.4
    PrashantRahiandaccusedno.6Saibabamadephonecallstoeach
    otheronseveraldatesandwereincontactwitheachotherandthisis
    important in view of denial by accused no.3 Hem Mishra, no.4
    PrashantRahiandno.6Saibabaintheirstatementundersection313
    ofCr.P.C.thattheyhadanyconnectionwitheachother.

    564] HesubmittedthatthroughtheevidenceofNodalOfficer
    P.W.16 Ravi Pardeshi the prosecution has proved the customer
    applicationforms(Exh.336and337)submittedbyaccusedno.3Hem
    MishraforissuanceofmobileSIMcardswithhisphotographasphoto
    IDandonthatbasisaccusedno.3HemMishrawasissuedmobileSIM
    cardbearingnos.9873877513and8860601278andonthebasisof
    customerapplicationformatExh.335,mobileSIMcardbearingno.
    8394875017wasissuedtoaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.Hesubmitted
    thattheevidenceofthiswitnessonthepointofissuingmobileSIM
    cardnos.9873877513and8860601278toaccusedno.3HemMishra
    and mobile SIM card bearing no. 8394875017 to accused no.4
    Prashant Rahi and submission of customer application forms
    alongwithphotographasphotoIDproofbyaccusedno.3HemMishra
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    474 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    andno.4PrashantRahiisnotchallengedbythedefenceandassuch
    the prosecution hasprovedthefact thatthe mobile SIMcardnos.
    9873877513and8860601278werebelongingtoaccusedno.3Hem
    MishraandmobileSIMcardbearingno.8394875017wasbelonging
    toaccusedno.4PrashantRahiandfromCDRReports(Exhs.330and
    413)itisprovedthattheywereincontactwitheachother.

    SubmissionofAdv.Gadlingforaccused

    565] The learned Advocate Shri Gadling for the accused


    submitted that the CDR of mobile SIM card nos. 8394875017,
    9873877513and8860601278cannotbesaidtobeprovedthrough
    the evidence of P.W.16 Ravi Pardeshi as Fransis Parera, Alternate
    NodalOfficerwhosignedCDRExh.330hasnotbeenexamined.

    Conclusion

    566] Atthisjuncture,itisnecessarytoconsidertheratiolaid
    downbytheHon'bleSupremeCourtintheJudgmentofAnvarP.V.
    vs.P.KBasheer&Ors.,reportedin2014(6)ALLMR951(SC)and
    for proper appreciation, I propose to reproduce the relevant
    paragraphsno.19to24ofthesaidjudgment,asunder:

    19. ''Proof of electronic record is a special


    provisionintroducedbytheITActamendingvarious
    provisionsundertheEvidenceAct.Theverycaption
    of Section 65A of the Evidence Act, read with
    Sections 59 and 65B is sufficient tohold that the
    specialprovisionsonevidencerelatingtoelectronic
    record shall be governed by the procedure
    prescribedunderSection65BoftheEvidenceAct.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    475 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Thatisacompletecodeinitself.Beingaspeciallaw,
    the general law under Sections 63 and 65 has to
    yield.

    20. InState(NCTofDelhi)NavjotSandhualias
    Afsan Guru[1], a two Judge Bench of this Court
    hadanoccasiontoconsideranissueonproduction
    ofelectronicrecordasevidence.Whileconsidering
    the printouts of the computerized records of the
    calls pertaining to the cellphones, it was held at
    Paragraph150asfollows:

    150. According to Section 63, secondary evidence


    means and includes, among other things, copies
    made from the original by mechanical processes
    whichinthemselvesinsuretheaccuracyofthecopy,
    andcopiescomparedwithsuchcopies.Section65
    enables secondary evidence of the contents of a
    documenttobeadducediftheoriginalisofsucha
    nature as not to be easily movable. It is not in
    dispute that the information contained in the call
    recordsisstoredin hugeserverswhichcannot be
    easily moved and produced in the court. That is
    whattheHighCourthasalsoobservedatpara276.
    Hence,printoutstakenfromthecomputers/servers
    bymechanicalprocessandcertifiedbyaresponsible
    officialoftheserviceprovidingcompanycanbeled
    inevidencethroughawitnesswhocanidentifythe
    signatures of the certifying officer or otherwise
    speakofthefactsbasedonhispersonalknowledge.
    Irrespectiveofthecompliancewiththerequirements
    of Section 65B, which is a provision dealing with
    admissibilityofelectronicrecords,thereisnobarto
    adducing secondary evidence under the other
    provisionsoftheEvidenceAct,namely,Sections63
    and65.Itmaybethatthecertificatecontainingthe
    detailsinsubSection(4)ofSection65Bisnotfiled
    in the instant case, but that does not mean that
    secondaryevidencecannotbegivenevenifthelaw
    permits such evidence to be given in the
    circumstancesmentionedintherelevantprovisions,
    namely,Sections63and65.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    476 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    21. It may be seen that it was a case where a


    responsibleofficialhaddulycertifiedthedocument
    atthetimeofproductionitself.Thesignaturesinthe
    certificatewerealsoidentified.Thatisapparentlyin
    compliance with the procedure prescribed under
    Section 65B of the Evidence Act. However, it was
    held that irrespective of the compliance with the
    requirements of Section 65B, which is a special
    provisiondealingwithadmissibilityoftheelectronic
    record, there is no bar in adducing secondary
    evidence,underSections63and65,ofanelectronic
    record.

    22. Theevidencerelatingtoelectronicrecord,as
    notedhereinbefore,beingaspecialprovision,the
    generallawonsecondaryevidenceunderSection63
    readwithSection65oftheEvidenceActshallyield
    to the same. Generalia specialibus non derogant,
    speciallawwillalwaysprevailoverthegenerallaw.
    Itappears,thecourtomittedtotakenoteofSections
    59 and 65A dealing with the admissibility of
    electronic record. Sections 63 and 65 have no
    applicationinthecaseofsecondaryevidencebyway
    ofelectronicrecord;thesameiswhollygovernedby
    Sections65Aand65B.Tothatextent,thestatement
    of law on admissibility of secondary evidence
    pertaining to electronic record, as stated by this
    courtinNavjotSandhucase(supra),doesnotlay
    down the correct legal position. It requires to be
    overruledandwedoso.Anelectronicrecordbyway
    of secondary evidence shall not be admitted in
    evidenceunlesstherequirementsunderSection65B
    are satisfied. Thus, in the case of CD, VCD, chip,
    etc., the same shall be accompanied by the
    certificateintermsofSection65Bobtainedatthe
    time of taking the document, without which, the
    secondary evidence pertaining to that electronic
    record,isinadmissible.

    23. The appellant admittedly has not produced


    anycertificateintermsofSection65Binrespectof
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    477 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    theCDs,ExhibitsP4,P8,P9,P10,P12,P13,P15,P20
    andP22.Therefore,thesamecannotbeadmittedin
    evidence.Thus,thewholecasesetupregardingthe
    corrupt practice using songs, announcements and
    speechesfalltotheground.

    24. Thesituationwouldhavebeendifferenthad
    theappellantadducedprimaryevidence,bymaking
    available in evidence, the CDs used for
    announcementandsongs.HadthoseCDsusedfor
    objectionable songs or announcements been duly
    got seized through the police or Election
    Commissionandhadthesamebeenusedasprimary
    evidence, the High Court could have played the
    sameincourttoseewhethertheallegationswere
    true. That is not the situation in this case. The
    speeches,songsandannouncementswererecorded
    usingotherinstrumentsandbyfeedingthemintoa
    computer, CDs were made therefrom which were
    producedincourt,withoutduecertification.Those
    CDs cannot be admitted in evidence since the
    mandatory requirements of Section 65B of the
    Evidence Act are not satisfied. It is clarified that
    notwithstandingwhatwehavestatedhereininthe
    precedingparagraphsonthesecondaryevidenceon
    electronicrecordwithreferencetoSection59,65A
    and65BoftheEvidenceAct,ifanelectronicrecord
    assuchisusedasprimaryevidenceunderSection
    62 of the Evidence Act, the same isadmissible in
    evidence, without compliance of the conditions in
    Section 65B ofthe Evidence Act.''(emphasizedby
    me)

    567] On careful reading of the above dictum, the Hon'ble


    Supreme Court has not disturbed the law laid down in State vs.
    NavjyotSandhu@AfsanGuru(2005)11SCC600) totheextent
    thatwherearesponsibleofficialhaddulycertifiedthedocumentat
    thetimeofproductionitselfandhissignaturesareidentifiedinthe
    court of law then it is in apparent compliance withthe procedure
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    478 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    prescribedunderSection65BoftheEvidenceAct.Theseobservations
    areprecededbytheobservationsinNavjyotSandhu'scaseinwhich
    thereisclearmentionthattherewasnocertificatefiledinthecase
    underSection65BoftheIndianEvidenceAct.Itisevidentthatwhat
    is overruled is the observations relating to the admissibility of
    electronic evidence as secondary evidence irrespective of the
    compliancewiththeprocedureprovidedunderSection65ofIndian
    EvidenceActwhichisnotthesituationincaseathand.

    568] In the present case the defence has not crossexamined


    investigatingofficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheonthepointthathedidnot
    issuelettertothedifferentmobilecompaniesforgettingCDRthrough
    S.P.Gadchiroli.Furtherthedefencehasnotchallengedtheevidence
    ofinvestigatingofficerP.W.11SuhasBawchethataccusedno.3Hem
    MishradidnotapplyformobileSIMCardnumbersbyfilingcustomer
    application Forms at Exh. 336 & 337 and he received mobile SIM
    Card nos. 9873877513 and 8860601278. Further defence has not
    challengedtheevidenceofinvestigatingofficerP.W.11SuhasBawche
    thataccusedno.4PrashantdidnotapplyformobileSIMCardnumber
    by filing customer application Form at Exh. 335 and he received
    mobile SIMCard no. 8394875017whichbeartheirsignaturesand
    photographsthereon.Hence,consideringtheunchallengedevidence
    of investigating officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche on this point,
    prosecution has proved that mobile SIM bearing nos. 9873877513
    and 8860601278 were issued to accused no. 3 Hem Mishra and
    mobile SIM bearing no.8394875017 was issued to accused no.4
    PrashantRahi.TheHon'bleApexCourthasnotoverruledtheratio
    laiddowninthecaseof Statevs.NavjyotSandhu@AfsanGuru
    (2005) 11 SCC 600) to the extent that whether the responsible
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    officialhasdulycertifiedthedocumentatthetimeofproductionitself
    and his signature is identified in the court of law and then
    complianceofsection65BofEvidenceActismadeout.Hence,CDR
    reportsatExh.330and331belongingtoaccusedno.3HemMishra
    andCDRReportatExh.332belongingtoaccusedno.4PrashantRahi
    canbereadinevidence.

    569] Inviewofabove,thecallrecorddetailsofmobileSIMsof
    HemMishraandPrashantRahifiledonrecordatExhs.330,331and
    332canbereadinevidence.

    570] EvenassumingforthesakeofargumentthattheCDRof
    mobile SIM card nos. 9873877513 and 8860601278 belonging to
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra and mobile SIM card no. 8394875017
    belongingtoaccusedno.4PrashantRahihavenotbeenprovedbut
    fromtheevidenceofNodalOfficerP.W.16RaviPardeshiitisproved
    that accused no.3 Hem Mishra submitted the customer application
    forms(Exh.336and337)forissuanceofmobileSIMcardswithhis
    photographasphotoIDandonthatbasismobileSIMcardbearing
    nos.9873877513and8860601278were issuedtohimandonthe
    basisofcustomerapplicationformatExh.335alongwithphotograph
    IDsubmittedbyaccusedno.4PrashantRahi,mobileSIMcardbearing
    no.8394875017wasissuedtohim.Thereisnocrossexaminationby
    thedefencetoP.W.16RaviPardesionthispoint.

    571] Further,fromtheevidenceofNodelOfficerP.W.22Manoj
    Patil, it reveals that accused no.6 Saibaba has given customer
    applicationformatExh.418alongwithhisphotoIDatExh.420for
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    gettingmobileSIMcardandSIMcardbearingno.8800100490was
    issued to accused no.6 Saibaba and CDR of SIM card no.
    8800100490isatExh.413. Thedefencedeclinedtocrossexamine
    P.W.22 Manoj and further admitted the CDR of mobile SIM card
    bearingNo.8800100490ofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    572] From CDR, Exh.413 of accused no.6 Saibaba it is clear


    that on 06.09.2012, 19.05.2013, 21.05.2013, 3.06.2013, 4.6.2013,
    4.7.2013,5.7.2013,8.7.2013,9.7.2013,30.7.2013,31.7.2013andon
    14.8.2013accusedno.6Saibabamadephonecallsfromhismobile
    SIMno.8800100490toaccusedno.3HemMishraonhismobileSIM
    no.9873877513&8860601278.

    573] From CDR, Exh.413 it is clear that on 15.9.2012,


    8.7.2013, 10.7.2013, 31.7.2013 and 2.8.2013 accused no.3 Hem
    Mishra made phone calls from his mobile nos. 9873877513 &
    8860601278toaccusedno.6Saibabaonhismobileno.8800100490.

    574] From CDR, Exh.413 it is clear that on 13.9.2012,


    4.7.2013, 5.7.2013, 14.8.2013 accused no.4 Prashant Rahi made
    phonecallsfromhismobileno.8394875017toaccusedno.6Saibaba
    onhismobileno.8800100490.

    575] AccordingtothedefencetheallegedCDRofmobileSIM
    cardnos.9873877513&8860601278 ofaccusedno.3HemMishra
    and CDR of mobile SIM card no. 8394875017 of accused no.4
    PrashantRahiandmobileSIMcardno.8800100490ofaccusedno.6
    Saibaba can not be believed as prosecution has not produced the
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    relevantIMEInumberofmobilehandsetofaccusedno.3HemMishra,
    accusedno.4PrashantRahiandaccusedno.6Saibaba.Itiscommon
    knowledgethatnowadaysevenilliteratepersonwouldnotusethe
    samehandsetfordoingillegalactivities.Inthepresentcaseaccused
    no.6SaibabaisaDoctorofPhilosophy,accusedno.4PrashantRahiis
    aJournalistandaccusedno.3HemMishraisastudentofJawaharlal
    Nehru University, Delhi and they are highly qualified persons and
    thesepersonswouldnotusethesamehandsetsformakingthecallfor
    illegalactivities. Hence,nonproductionofIMEInumbersofmobile
    handsets from which the calls were made is not fatal to the
    prosecutionandassuchitisnotthecaseoftheprosecutionthatany
    handsetwasseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishra
    andaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.

    576] InviewofadmittedCDRofmobileSIMcardbearingno.
    8800100490 belonging to accused no.6 Saibaba and unchallenged
    evidenceofprosecutionthatSIMcardmobilenos.9873877513and
    8860601278 were supplied to accused no.3 Hem Mishra having
    customerapplicationformatExh.336and337andmobileSIMcard
    mobileno.8394875017havingcustomerapplicationformatExh.335
    wassuppliedtoaccusedno.4PrashantRahi,prosecutionestablished
    thefactthataccusedno.3HemMishra,accusedno.4PrashantRahi
    andaccusedno.6Saibabawereincontactwitheachotherontheir
    mobilesandthelasttowerlocationofmobileSIMofaccusedno.3
    HemMishra,accusedno.4PrashantRahiandaccusedno.6Saibaba
    wasatDelhiUniversitycampuson18.8.2013andthisisanimportant
    inviewofthedefenceoftheaccusedno.3HemMishra,no.4Prashant
    Rahiandno.6Saibabadeniedintheirstatementsu/s313ofCr.P.C.
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    that they were not knowing each other and they were never in
    contactwitheachother.

    ActivitiesoftheFACEBOOKAccountofaccusedno.3HemMishra

    577] Accordingtotheprosecutionduringtheinterrogationwith
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra by Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas
    Bawache, it was revealed that the accused no.3 Hem Mishra was
    havinghisfacebookaccountandheshowedhiswillingnesstoopen
    hisfacebookaccount.Thereafter,InvestigatingOfficerP.W.11Suhas
    BawchecalledpanchP.W.4ShrikantGaddewaratPoliceStation,Aheri
    andoncomputerinstalledatPoliceStation,Aheri,theaccusedno.3
    HemMishraopenedhisfacebookaccountinpresenceofpanchP.W.4
    Shrikant Gaddewar and the activities of the facebook account of
    accusedno.3HemMishrawereseenandInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11
    SuhasBawchetookthescreenshotsandthereafterprintoutsofthe
    screenshots of the activities of facebook account of accused no.3
    Hem Mishra were taken in the Police Station in presence of P.W.4
    Shrikant Gaddewar. To that effect panchanama at Exh.200 was
    preparedandcopiesofscreenshotsofactivitiesoffacebookaccount
    ofaccusedno.3HemMishra(Articlesno.A1toA16)wereannexed
    withthesaidpanchanama.

    EVIDENCE

    578] To prove the above fact prosecution has relied on the


    evidenceofthefollowingwitnesses:
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    1] PanchwitnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewaratExh.198;and
    2] InvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheatExh.235.

    579] Panch witness P.W.4 Shrikant Gaddewar, in his


    examinationatExh.198statedthaton26.8.2013hewascalledinthe
    PoliceStation,Aheriandaccusedno.3HemMishrawaspresentin
    Police Station, Aheri and accused no.3 Hem Mishra expressed his
    desire to open his facebookaccount andpolice told himthat they
    wantedtotakevideoshootingoftheactivitiesoffacebookaccountof
    accusedno.3HemMishraandatthattimevideographerwaspresent
    inpolicestationandaccusedno.3HemMishraopenedhisfacebook
    account on the computer at Aheri Police Station and videographer
    tookshootingoftheproceeding.Hestatedthataccusedno.3Hem
    Mishraopenedhisfacebookaccountinfrontofthemandhehadseen
    alltheactivitiesonfacebookaccountliketimelines,post,friendlist
    andDySPhadtakenprintoutsofthescreenshotsofactivitiesofface
    book account of accused no.3 Hem Mishra from the computer at
    Police Station and thereafter, video cassette (CD) of activities was
    preparedandcassettewassealedunderthepanchanamaatExh.199.

    580] He stated that then police played the CDs of which


    shooting dated 2682013 on computer at Police Station in his
    presence and they saw two persons namely Ajaykumar and Dona
    Wilsoninthe'friendlist'offacebookaccountofaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishra and both of them were identified by accused no.1 Mahesh
    Tirkiandno.2PanduNarote.HestatedthatboththeaccusedPandu
    andMaheshtoldinfrontofpanchasandpolicethatattheinstanceof
    Narmadakka they took accused no.3 Hem Mishra from Ballarsha
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    RailwaystationtoMurewadaandthereaftertheCDwastakenout
    fromcomputeranditwasputbackinthesameconditionanditwas
    sealedwithlabelsandtheirsignaturesandtothateffectpanchanama
    (Exh.200)wasdrawn,itbearshissignature.Hestatedthatprintouts
    ofthescreenshotsoffacebookaccountofHemMishraweretakenby
    DeputySuperintendentofPoliceBawcheinhispresencebydrawing
    panchanama dated 26.8.2013. He identified Art.no.A1 to A16
    copiesofscreenshotsbeforethecourt.

    581] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    Advocate.Inthecrossexaminationheadmittedthatinpanchanama
    Exh.199 the date 26.9.2013 is appearing for three times and in
    panchanamaExh.200thedate29.9.2013isappearingforthreetimes.
    He admitted that in the panchanama dated 26.8.2013 there is no
    mentionthataccusedno.3HemMishraopenedhisfacebookaccount
    on the computer at Aheri Police Station. He admitted that in the
    panchanamaExh.199thereisnomentionaboutthefactthataccused
    no.3 Hem Mishra was present in Police Station and there is no
    mention of the fact that Investigating Officer P.W.11 DySP Suhas
    Bawchewasalsopresentatthetimeoftakingscreenshotsandhe
    doesnotknowwhythesaidfactisnotmentionedinpanchanama
    Exh.199. He admitted that it is not mentioned in panchanama
    Exh.200aboutthefactthatwhenvideoshootingwastakenon268
    2013itwasplayedandhedoesnotknowwhythesaidfactisnot
    mentionedinpanchanamaatExh.200.Headmittedthathereadover
    thecontentsofpanchanamaatExh.199anditisnotmentionedin
    panchnama that accused no.3 Hem Mishra opened his face book
    accountonthecomputerinPoliceStation,Aheriinhispresence.He
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    admitted that VideographerbynameRanguwasresidentofAheri


    and he was already in police station when he had gone for
    panchanamainpolicestation. HeadmittedthatonArt.A/15and
    A/16'addfriend'iswrittenand'friend'isnotwritten.

    582] HedeniedthatpanchanamaExhs.199and200werenot
    preparedinhispresenceandpoliceobtainedhissignaturesonblank
    papersandpreparedfalsepanchanamasandattheinstanceofpolice
    hedeposedfalsely.Hedeniedthatinhispresenceaccusedno.3Hem
    MishraneveropenedhisfacebookaccountandArt.15and16arenot
    relatedtothefacebookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishra.

    583] Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his


    examination stated that on 2682013 it was revealed in the
    interrogation with accused no.3 Hem Mishra that he is using face
    bookaccount,andtherefore,hecalledpanchasandintheirpresence
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra opened his facebook account on the
    computerofPoliceStation,Aheriandhehadtakensomeprintoutsof
    screenshotsofactivitiesoffacebookaccountofaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishra and video shootings of entire proceeding was taken in the
    presenceofpanchasandpanchanama(Exh.199)tothateffectwas
    also prepared. After displaying the videograph the panchanama at
    Exh.200wasdrawninpresenceofpanchasandaccused.

    584] InhiscrossexaminationSuhasBawche(P.W.11)hasstated
    thatbymistakethedate26.9.2013and29.9.2013werementionedin
    panchanama(Exh.199and200)insteadof26.8.2013and29.8.2013.
    Except this there is no cross examination on this point that on
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    26.08.2013accuseddidnotopenfacebookaccountonthecomputer
    at Aheri Police Station and activities of his facebook account was
    seen and print outs of screen shots were not taken under the
    panchanamaExh.199.

    SubmissionofSpl.PPSathainathanonactivitiesoffacebook
    accountofaccusedno.3HemMishra

    585] ThelearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathianathansubmittedthatthe
    prosecutionhasprovedthefactthataccusedno.3HemMishrawas
    maintaining facebook account and on 26.08.2013 during
    interrogationbyInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheheshowed
    hiswillingnesstoopenhisfacebookaccountoncomputeratAheri
    Police Station. Thereafter, panchwitnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewar
    another panch was called in Police Station, Aheri and in Police
    Station,Aheriaccusedno.3HemMishraopenedhisfacebookaccount
    in presence of panch witness P.W.4 Shrikant Gaddewar and the
    activitiesofthefacebookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishrawere
    seen by panch P.W.4 Shrikant Gaddewar, another panch and
    Investigating Officer P.W.11 SuhasBawche andprintoutsof screen
    shotsweretakenatArt.A1toA16andthevideoshootingofthesaid
    proceedingwastakenandCDofsaidvideoshootingwasprepared.It
    issubmittedthatinthepresentcasethevideographerwhorecorded
    thevideographyofsaidproceedingisnotexaminedandtheCDwas
    not produced on record and there are some mistakes in dates in
    panchanama at Exh.199, that is, instead of date 26.08.2013, date
    26.09.2013ismentioned,andthatisnotfataltotheprosecutioncase.
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    586] Hesubmittedthatonperusalofprintoutsofthescreen
    shotsofactivitiesoffacebookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishraat
    Art. A1 to A16, it is clear that there are photographs and posts
    relatingtonaxalactivitiesandthenamesofaccusedno.6Saibabaand
    RonaWilson(MaoistinNepal)areappearinginthefriendlistofface
    bookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishra.Hesubmittedthatfrom
    theprintoutsofscreenshot(Art.A9)itisclearthatthereiscondemn
    the death penalty of Afzal Guru and Red salute to the National
    LiberationstruggleinKashmir!andfromArtA8showsthecontents
    KashmirwasneverpartofIndiaandinArt11itissuggestedthat
    NaxalismisthesolutionandNaxalbariistheonlyway.Thisshows
    that the accused no.3 Hem Mishra is active member of banned
    organisation CPI Maoist and its frontal organisation RDF and by
    posting and uploading such photographs having above mentioned
    commentshewaspromotingnaxalismandincitingpeopletocreate
    violence and caused public disorder and disaffection towards
    GovernmentestablishedbylawandtheprovisionsofSections13,18,
    20,38and39ofUAPAarealsoattractedagainstaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishra.

    ArgumentofShriGadlingfortheaccusedonfacebook

    587] Ontheotherhand,learnedAdvocateShriGadlingforthe
    accused submitted that in panchanamas (Exh.199) the date is
    mentionedas26.9.2013andtherearesomescratchesonitandafter
    thatoverwritingismadeandafterthatdate26.8.2013iswrittenand
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    this is not a mistake but it is clear that the said panchanama is


    antetimed.HesubmittedthatP.W.4ShrikantGaddewarisahabitual
    panch witness of police. Further, panch witness P.W.4 Shrikant
    Gaddewarinhiscrossexaminationadmittedthatinthepanchanama
    Exh.199 there is no mention that accused no.3 Hem Mishra was
    presentinPoliceStationandheopenedhisfacebookaccountonthe
    computer at Aheri Police Station and then screenshots of the
    activities of facebook account of accused no.3 Hem Mishra were
    takeninPoliceStation. Hence,theevidenceofpanchwitnessP.W.4
    ShrikantGaddewarandInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawacheis
    notworthtobereliedupon.

    588] Hesubmittedthataccusedno.3HemMishraneveropened
    his facebook account in presence of Investigating Officer P.W.11
    SuhasBawcheandpanchwitnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewarandno
    printoutsofscreenshotsofactivitiesoffacebookaccountofaccused
    no.3HemMishra weretakenout. Tosubstantiatethisdefencehe
    submittedthataccordingtoprosecutionon26.8.2013accusedno.3
    HemMishraopenedhisfacebookaccountbyenteringhisusername
    inpresenceofInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheandpanch
    witness P.W.4 Shrikant Gaddewar on the computer of Aheri Police
    Station and printouts of screen shots of activities of facebook
    accountweretakenoutandthosearefiledonrecordatArts.A1to
    A16andthevideographyofsaidproceedingwasdoneandCDwas
    preparedandpanchanamastothateffectwerepreparedatExh.199
    and200.Hesubmittedthatneitherthevideographerwhoconducted
    videography of the said proceeding was examined nor alleged CD
    preparedbyP.W.11SuhasBawcheofsaidproceedingwasproduced
    onrecordtoprovethesaidaspect.Hence,adverseinferencecanbe
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    drawnagainsttheprosecutionthatnosuchpanchanamasweredrawn
    andnothinghappenedon26.8.2013.

    589] He invited attention of the Court on the printouts of


    screenshotsatArtsA1toA16andsubmittedthatoneachandevery
    screenshotsthedate982013isseenandthereforeitcansafelybe
    saidthatthesaidscreenshotsweretakenon982013andnoton
    28.8.2013asallegedbytheprosecution.Hesubmittedthatthisfactis
    alsocorroboratedfromtheproposalofsanctionwhichwassenttothe
    SanctioningAuthoritybyInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawche
    andP.W.23RameshDhumalwhereinintheindexoflistofdocuments
    atserialnos.58and53infrontofentryofprintoutsofscreenshots
    of facebook account of accused no.3 Hem Mishra the date is
    mentioned as 982013. He submitted that though panch witness
    P.W.4ShrikantGaddewarinhisexaminationstatedthatpanchanamas
    (Exh.199 and 200) were drawn on 26.8.2013 and it bears his
    signatures, however both panchanamas bear the date 26.9.2013.
    Fromthis,itisclearthatpanchanamawaseffectedon2692013as
    allegedbytheprosecution.

    590] HesubmittedthatpanchwitnessP.W.4ShrikantGaddewar
    inhisexaminationatparano.3statedthatpoliceplayedtheCDdated
    26.8.2013andonseeingtheCDtheysawthenameof2personsin
    the friend list of face book account of accused no.3 Hem Mishra
    namelyAjaykumarandDonaWilson.However,incrossexamination,
    this panch witness admitted that on printouts of screenshots Art.
    A/15andA/16'addfriend'iswrittenand'friend'isnotwritten.He
    alsoinvitedattentionoftheCourtonprintoutsofscreenshotsArt.
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    A/15andA/16andsubmittedthatintheArt.A/15andA/16before
    the name of Ajaykumarand DonaWilsonthere ismentionof'add
    friend'andnot'friend'hencetheyarenotaddedasfriend.Hence,the
    contentionoftheprosecutionisnotbelievablethataccusedno.3Hem
    MishrahasrelationswithAjaykumarandDonaWilson.

    Conclusiononfacebookactivitiesofaccusedno.3HemMishra

    591] Theprosecutionreliedonthecopiesoftheprintoutsof
    screenshotsoffacebookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishrataken
    byP.W.11SuhasBawache,whichareasfollows:

    i] ArticleA1 revealsthatnameofaccusedno.3
    HemMishraandhisphotographisappearingashis
    profile.
    ii] ArticleA2 revealsthatbelowheadfollowing
    groupsareappearing
    GROUPS
    CCSEAS 10
    Naxalbari.....therev...20+
    JNUUttarakhand
    i=dkj Praxis 13
    HumanitiesUndergro.....20+
    MulnivasiKarmachari...20+
    Hkkjrh; i=dkj Indian...20+
    SocialJusticeForum20+
    PahariForum
    FreeSoniSoriandLi...20+
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    AISA2
    CampaignagainstD.....20+
    CreateGroup.....

    iii] ArticleA3 in all 12 photographs are


    appearing and in two photographs dead bodies of
    personsarelyingandinonephotographappearing
    REPEALUAPAandintwophotographsaccusedno.3
    HemMishraareappearingandthereisphotograph
    ofonemanandinonephotographredsaluteis
    mentioned and in another photographs it is
    mentioned that The Four Year Undergraduate
    Programme!

    iv] ArticleA4 reveals that it is in the name of


    accused Hem Mishra and he uploaded 12
    photographsandinonephotographsomematteris
    written below heading Saffron Terror and in
    another photograph some matter is written below
    headingReleaseAllMembersofKabirKalaManch
    andintwophotographsaccusedno.3HemMishra
    shownplayingDafli.

    v] ArticleA5 reveals that it is in the name of


    accused Hem Mishra and he uploaded one
    photographofpamphlethavingpictureofonelady
    and between the matter one slogan is written as,
    WomenholduphalftheskyMao.
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    vi] ArticleA6 reveals that accused no.3 Hem


    Mishra uploaded 12 photographs and in one
    photograph accused no.3 Hem Mishra shown
    alongwith other 3/4 persons and one lady is
    addressingfromdais.

    vii] ArticleA7 reveals that it is in the name of


    accusedHemMishraandoneSrirupaBhattacharya
    tagged one photo with Priya Darshan and Hem
    MishraandinthephotographaccusedHemMishra
    isshownplayinginstrument(Dafli)withonelady.

    viii] ArticleA8 reveals that it is in the name of


    accused no.3 Hem Mishra and one Parijat Pratik
    tagged one photo and in the said photograph
    accused Hem is shown standing near one person
    holdingbanneronwhichitiswrittenas,KASHMIR
    WAS NEVER PART OF INDIA and one lady was
    holdingmikenearbystreet.

    ix] ArticleA9 reveals that it is in the name of


    accusedno.3HemMishraandDemocraticStudents
    Union uploaded one photoandaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishralikethisphoto. Inthesaidphotographone
    photoofAfzalGuruandthematter,Condemnthe
    murder of Afzal Guru!, Red salute to the national
    liberationstruggleinKashmiriswrittenandatthe
    bottomthereismentionasMartyrsarenotburied
    theyaresown.
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    x] ArticleA10 reveals that it is in the name of


    accused no.3 Hem Mishra and he uploaded 12
    photographsandinonephotographitiswrittenas,
    Naxalism is not the problem but the solution!,
    NaxalbariEkHiRasta.

    xi] ArticleA11 revealsthatitisinthenameof


    accused no.3 Hem Mishra and one Umar Khalid
    uploadedonephotoandaccusedno.3Hemlikedthis
    photo.Inthesaidphotographitiswrittenas,The
    white man called you Bhagat Singh that day The
    black man calls you Naxalite today But everyone
    willcallyouTheMorningstartomorrowSriSri
    NAXALISM is not The problem but the Solution!
    NAXALBARIEKHIRASTA!DSU.

    xii] ArticleA12 reveals that it is in the name of


    accused no.3 Hem Mishra and he uploaded 12
    photographsandononephotographitiswrittenas,
    Freedom for Kashmir, Manipur, Nagalim, Elam
    Palestine!....

    xiii] ArticleA13 reveals that in the 'friend list'


    name of six persons are appearing i.e. Pan Bohra,
    Kunal Pargai, Aneeb PA, Kanchan Joshi, Krishna
    PophaleandPriyankaGoswami.

    xiv] ArticleA14 revealsthatitisinthenameof


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    accusedno.3HemMishraandinbasicinformation
    column,infrontofpoliticalviewsitismentioned
    as MarxistLeninistMaoist and further in the
    column of Contact Information mobile
    No.9873877513 belonging to accused no.3 Hem
    Mishraisshown.

    xv] ArticleA15 revealsthatitisinthenameof
    accused no.3 Hem Mishraandin the friendlist of
    facebookofaccusedno.3HemMishra,thenameof
    accused no.6 G Naga Saibaba is seen alongwith
    profilepictureofphotoofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    xvi] ArticleA16 revealsthatitisinthenameof


    accusedno.3HemMishraandinthe'friendlist'of
    facebook of accused no.3 Hem, the name of one
    RonaWilsonisseen.

    592] TheevidenceofpanchwitnessShrikantGaddewar(P.W.4)
    andInvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.11)waschallengedon
    the ground that panch witness Shrikant Gaddewar (P.W.4) is a
    habitualpanchandthereisnomentioninthepanchanama(Exh.199)
    thataccusedno.3HemMishrahimselfopenedhisfacebookaccount.
    Further,itisnotmentionedinpanchanamaExh.199thatactivitiesof
    facebook account of accused no.3 Hem Mishra were seen and
    printoutsofthescreenshotsoffacebookaccountweretakenandthe
    said printouts were not supported by certificate as required by
    Sec.65B of the Indian Evidence Act. However, there is no cross
    examination to Investigating OfficerSuhasBawche (P.W.11)on the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    495 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    pointthathehasnottakenscreenshotsandprintoutsoftheactivities
    offacebookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishraandhenceprintouts
    weretakenandtothateffectpanchanamawaspreparedatExh.199.

    593] Itiswellsettledlawthatwhenthedefencedeclinedto
    availopportunitytoputhiscaseincrossexaminationonparticular
    pointthenevidencetenderedbywitnesscannotberejected.Atthis
    juncture it is necessary to consider observations laid down by the
    ApexCourtinpara8inthecaseof SarwansingvStateofPunjab
    reportedin AIR2002SC3652 whiledealingthecaseunderTADA
    Act1985observedasunder:
    8. Incidentally, in early nineties, terrorist activities
    wereonpeakintheborderdistrictsofPunjabandit
    haspracticallybeenanaxiomatictruthintheareain
    question that noone wouldin fact come out of the
    residentialhousesafterduskunlessperforcedat3'O
    clockinthemorning. Thereexistsnootherevidence
    noreventherebeinganysuggestionofexistenceofany
    otherfactorforsuchperformedoutingat3a.m.Itis
    aruleofessentialjusticethatwhenevertheopponent
    hasdeclinedtoavailhimselfoftheopportunitytoput
    hiscaseincrossexaminationitmustfollowthatthe
    evidencetenderedonthatissueoughttobeaccepted.
    AdecisionoftheCalcuttaHighCourtlendssupportto
    the observations as above, (See in this context AEG
    Carapietv.AYDerderian,AIR1961Calcutta359(P.B.
    Mukherjee,J.ashethenwas)](emphasissupplied)

    594] Further,theApexCourtincaseofGianChandandothers
    .v.StateofHaryana reportedin (2013)14SupremeCourtCases
    420 whiledealingthecaseunderNDPSActinpara15observedas
    under:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    496 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    15. The defence did not put any question to the


    investigatingofficerinhiscrossexaminationinrespect
    of missing chits from the bags containing the case
    property/contraband articles. Thus, no grievance
    couldberaisedbytheappellantsinthisregard.

    595] Intheabovereportedjudgmentitisfurtherobservedthat
    nonexamination of independent witness is not fatal to the
    prosecution case if case is proved otherwise and it was further
    observedthatevidenceofpoliceofficercanbereliedifitisfoundto
    bereliableanddoesnotsufferfrominfirmities.

    596] TheevidenceofP.W.No.4ShrikantGaddewarrevealsthat
    whenthefacebookaccountwasopenedbyaccusedno.3HemMishra
    inpresenceofhehimselfandP.W.11SuhasBawche,andthereafter
    Investigating Officer P.W.No.11 Suhas Bawache taken out the
    printouts at the time of recordingof panchanamatothat effect at
    Exh.200andvideoshootingofalltheproceedingwasdoneandCD
    was prepared. However, the evidence of Investigating Officer
    P.W.No.11SuhasBawacheissilentonthepointthatprintoutsofthe
    screenshots of activities on facebookaccount ofaccusedno.3Hem
    MishraweretakenatthetimeofdrawingofpanchanamaatExh.200.
    Furtherthereisnomentioninpanchanama(Exh.200)thatprintouts
    ofscreenshots,facebookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishrawere
    taken.

    597] Theprintoutsoftheactivitiesonfacebookaccountof
    accusedno.3HemMishraarefiledonrecord.TheyareatArts.A1to
    A16.Thesaidprintoutsdonotbearthesignaturesofpanchwitness
    P.W.No.4 Shrikant Gaddewar and Investigating Officer P.W.No.11
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    497 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    SuhasBawache. Inthesaidprintouts(Arts.A1toA16)thedateis
    mentionedas9.08.2013.Itisimportanttonotethatinthebiosetup
    of computer system, same time first month is mentioned and
    thereafter date and year is mentioned. It is the contention of the
    prosecution that the printouts were taken by P.W.No.11 Suhas
    Bawache on 08.09.2013. There appears to be substance in the
    contentionoftheprosecutionbecausetheevidenceofInvestigating
    OfficerP.W.11SuhasBawacheissilentonthispointthatprintoutsof
    screenshots were taken then and there at the time of drawing
    panchanamaandthereisnomentioninpanchanama(Exh.200)about
    the same. Had the printouts were taken at the same time there
    would have been signatures of panch witness P.W.4 Shrikant
    GaddewarandInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawacheonthesaid
    printouts(Arts.A1toA16)buttheirsignaturesarenotappearingon
    thesame. Thisshowsthattheprintoutsweretakenonsubsequent
    datei.e.on8.9.2013byInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawache
    from the computer installed at Aheri Police Station. If the said
    contention of the prosecution is accepted as there is no certificate
    attached by the Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawache to the
    saidprintouts(Arts.A1toA16)asrequiredunderSection65Bofthe
    Evidence Act, in view of thisArts.A1 toA16 cannot be taken into
    considerationandevidenceoftheprosecutionwitnessesonthispoint
    isliabletobediscarded.

    Caseagainstaccusedno.4Prashant&accusedno.5Vijay

    598] Itisthecaseoftheprosecutionthat on1.9.2013police


    officersRajendraTiwari(P.W.14)TiwariandRameshYede(P.W.8) of
    PoliceStation,Chichgad,Dist.Gondiawerepatrollinginborderarea
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    498 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    of Chhattisgad near Rajnandgaon for search of accused Pahadsing


    who waswantedinCrime No.39/2011ofPoliceStation,Chichgad
    and at that time they received message on their mobile that the
    accused in Crime no.3017/2013 of Police Station, Aheri were in
    Raipurareaandhence,theyproceededtoRaipurandtheycameto
    know that the accused involved in crime no.3017/2013 had gone
    towardsDevaribyfourwheelervehicleandtherefore,theyhadgone
    towards Devari and at Chichgad Tpoint they found accused no.4
    Prashant Rahi and no.5 Vijay Tirki as per the description given to
    themandhence,theyaccostedthemandtookaccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahiandno.5VijayTirkitoAheriPoliceStationandhandedoverto
    P.W.11 PSI Bawche who arrested both accused and from the
    possessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahieightpapersrelatingMaoist
    literatureandtypedwrittenpapersinrespectofundertrialprisoner
    Maoist leader Narayan Sanyal were seized under panchanama
    (Exh.179)andfrompossessionofaccusedno.5VijayTirki,thearticles
    like pieces of paper (Art.131A to 131D), daily newspaper Dainik
    Bhaskar dated 1.9.2013 (Art.132) were seized under panchanama
    (Exh.179).

    EVIDENCE

    599] Inordertosubstantiatethiscasetheprosecutionreliedon
    theevidenceof
    1] PoliceInspectorRajendrakumarParmanandTiwari
    (P.W.14)atExh.307
    2] HeadConstableRameshYede(P.W.8)atExh.223
    3] InvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.11)atExh.235
    4] PanchwitnessUmajiKisanChandankhede(P.W.3)at
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    499 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Exh.178
    5] MuddemalClerkofAheriPoliceStation
    GaneshRathod(P.W.13)atExh.297

    600] Rajendrakumar Parmanand Tiwari (P.W.14) was Police


    InspectorofPoliceStationChichgad,Tah.Devri,District:Gondia.He
    wasonpatrollingalongwithHeadConstableRameshYede(P.W.8)at
    borderareaofChhattisgad. InhisexaminationatExh.307hehas
    statedthaton1.9.2013hehadbeentoborderareaofChhattisgad
    nearRanjnandgaonforsearchofaccusedPahadsingwhowaswanted
    in Crime No.39/2011 of Police Station, Chichgad and he received
    messageonmobilethattheaccusedinCrimeno.3017/2013ofPolice
    Station, Aheri were in Raipur area and so, he alongwith Police
    ConstableP.W.8RameshYede proceededtoRaipurandhecameto
    knowthattheaccusedinvolvedinthiscasehadgonetowardsDevari
    byfourwheelervehicleandtherefore,theyhadgonetowardsDevari
    and at ChichgadT point they found two persons as per the
    descriptiongiventothemandhence,theytookthemintocustody.
    The personal search of accusedno.4Prashant Rahiand no.5Vijay
    Tirki was taken and in possession of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi
    papersofnaxalliteraturewerefound.TothateffectP.W.14Rajendra
    TiwarigavewrittenreportatExh.241inDevariPoliceStation. He
    statedthatasper directionsofP.W.11SuhasBawche,SDPOAheri,
    theyproceededtowardsAheriandreachedAherion2.9.2013at5.00
    a.m. and they handed over those two persons i.e. accused no.4
    Prashantandno.5VijayTirkiinthecustodyofSDPOSuhasBawche
    (P.W.11)andentrytothateffectwastakeninAheriPoliceStation.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    500 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    601] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel. In his crossexamination he admitted that at ChichgadT
    point,therewereteastallsandpanshopsandtheydidnotmakeany
    arrestpanchanamawhentheaccusedwerearrestedandthepersonal
    searchofboththeaccusedwasnottaken. Hedeniedthatboththe
    accusedwerenotarrestedatChichgadTpointandhehadfiledfalse
    reportagainsttheminDevriPoliceStation andhehadnothanded
    overthemtoInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SDPOSuhasBawche,Aheri.
    He denied that he arrested accused no.4 Prashant Rahi in Raipur
    Court.

    602] PoliceConstableRameshKolujiYede(P.W.8)wasattached
    to Police Station, Chichgad, Tah.Devri, District : Gondia as Head
    Constable and was on patrolling duty alongwith P.W.14
    RajendrakumarTiwari. InhisexaminationatExh.223hehasstated
    thaton192013he waspatrollingwithintheforestarea situated
    nearborderofChhattisgadandMaharashtraandatthattime,P.W.14
    Police Inspector Rajendrakumar Tiwari received message that the
    wanted naxals were proceeding towards Devari from Raipur, and
    therefore,theytookvehicletowardsDevriandhaltedvehicleatDevri
    onChichgadTpointandatthatplace,P.W.14PITiwari,himselfand
    staff got down from the vehicle and they saw two persons were
    standingthere.Theyenquiredwiththosetwopersons,however,they
    gaveevasivereply,andthereafter,onenquirytheytoldtheirnamesas
    Prashant Rahi and Vijay Tirki, hence, they were brought in Devri
    Police Station and entry to that effect wasmade in Police Station,
    Devri and thereafter P.W.14 PI Tiwari informed about the same to
    P.W.11SDPOBawche.HestatedthatP.W.11SDPOBawchetoldP.W.14
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    501 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    PITiwaritobringthoseaccusedtoAheriPoliceStationandthereafter
    onnextdayearlyinthemorningtheyreachedtoAheriPoliceStation
    alongwithaccusedno.4Prashantandno.5Vijay.Thereafter,P.W.14PI
    Tiwarihandedoveraccusedno.4Prashantandno.5VijaytoP.W.11
    SDPOBawche.

    603] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel.Inhiscrossexamination,headmittedthattheydidnotgoto
    Aheri Police Station and he does not remember whether they had
    gonetoSDPOofficeAheriorPoliceStation,Aheriandtheydidnotgo
    tosearchPahadsingonChattisgadborderon1.9.2013. Hedenied
    thattheyhadgonetoRaipurCourt.Headmittedthatatadistance
    of300feetoftheTpointtherearePanthelasandTstallsandthereis
    footpathof50feetadjacenttotheroad.Hedeniedthathedidnot
    arrest any person on 192013 and he did not go to the Tpoint
    alongwithP.W.14RajendrakumarTiwariandthosepersonswerenot
    takentoAheriPoliceStation.

    604] UmajiKisanChandankhede(P.W.3),thepanchwitnessis
    examinedatExh.178.Heinhisexaminationhasstatedthathewas
    calledbyAheripoliceon292013andhewenttothePoliceStation,
    Aheriatabout5.45p.m.andatthattime,policeofficerShriBawche
    (P.W.11) and two accused were present in the Police Station and
    policeintroducedhimtheirnamesasPrashantRahiandVijayTirki.
    Hestatedthatpoliceinitiallytookpersonalsearchofaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahiandfromhispossessiononemoneypursecontaining
    Rs.8,800/, onevisitingcard, drivinglicense,onePancard, one
    Yatricard,onenewspaperbynameDainikBhaskarwereseizedunder
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    502 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    theseizurepanchanama(Exh.179).Hefurtherstatedthatthereafter
    policetookpersonalsearchofaccusedno.5VijayTirkiandfromhis
    possessiononemobilephoneofsilvercolour,Rs.5,000/cash, four
    piecesofpaperonwhichphonenumberswerewritten,dailynews
    paper Dainik Bhaskar were seized under seizure panchanama
    (Exh.180).

    605] This witness has identified the property seized in his


    presence from the personal search of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi.
    Thesaidarticlesare
    i] DrivinglicenseinthenameofPrashantRahi(Art.124),
    ii] PancardinthenameofPrashantRahi(Art.125),
    iii] Yatricard(Art.126),
    iv] Onepurse(Art.127),
    v] OnenewspaperDainikBhaskar,dated192013
    (Art.128),
    vi] Twelvevisitingcards(Art.129),
    vii] Oneblueplasticfileseizedfromthepossessionof
    accusedPrashant(Art.130).

    606] Hefurtheridentifiedthepropertyseizedinhispresence
    fromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.5VijayTirki.Thesaidarticles
    are

    i] Fourpiecesofpapercollectivelymarked
    (Art.131Ato131/D)
    ii] OnenewspaperofDainikBhaskardated192013
    (Art.132)

    607] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel.Inhiscrossexaminationheadmittedthatheisanilliterate
    personandhecannotreadandwriteMarathiandHindiandhewas
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    503 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    calledinAheriPoliceStationforcleaningtheofficepremisesfor20to
    25timesandbeforetheincidenthemighthavegonetoAheriPolice
    Stationforpanchanamafor4to5timestoactasapanchandAheri
    Policeusedtocallhimtoactasapanchwhenevertheyneeded.He
    furtheradmittedhehadattendedtheCourtforfourtofivetimesfor
    evidence.Hedoesnotrememberthedateonwhichthepanchanamas
    (Exh.179 and 180) were prepared. He denied that he acted as a
    panch for 20 to 25 times in respect of Aheri Police Station. He
    deniedthatnopanchanamawaseffectedinhispresenceon292013
    andhedeposedfalselyattheinstanceofpolice.

    608] The Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche (P.W.11), Sub


    Divisional Police Officer, Aheri in his examination at Exh.235 has
    statedthaton292013accusedno.4PrashantRahiandno.5Vijay
    TirkiwerebroughtbyP.W.14APITiwariandhisstaffofPoliceStation,
    Chichgad,Dist.GondiatoPoliceStation,Aheriandthereafter,hetook
    personal search of the accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and no.5 Vijay
    Tirki and panchanamas were prepared and things found on their
    personwereseizedbyhiminpresenceofpanchasvideExh.179and
    Exh.180.Hestatedthathearrestedaccusedno.4PrashantRahiand
    no.5VijayTirkiandpreparedarrestpanchanamas(Exh.239&240)
    tothateffect withthehelpoftwopanchasandon292013P.W.14
    APITiwariofP.S.ChichgadsubmittedreportvideExh.241aboutthe
    actiontakenbyhiminrespectoftwopersonsofDevarinamelyRavi
    @PrashantRahis/oN.B.SangalikarandPrasad@VijayNanTirki.
    Thereafteron292013herecordedstatementsoftheraidingparty
    whohadbroughtaccusedno.4PrashantRahiandno.5VijayTirkito
    PoliceStation,Aheri.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    504 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    609] Hestatedthatfromthepossessionofaccusedno.5Vijay
    Tirki on 292013, one mobile phone, cash of Rs.5,000/ and four
    chitswithmobilenumbersmentionedonit,oneNewsPaperdated1
    92013 were seized under panchanama at Exh.179 and from the
    possession of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi, one money purse
    containingsomecash,somevisitingcards,oneYatri(travel)card,
    onerailwayticket fromNizamuddintoRaipur,xeroxcopiesoftwo
    newspaper,DainikBhaskardated192013,onetransparentfileofsky
    bluecolour,somedocumentspertainingtoarrestofnaxalNarayan
    Sanyal, some documents concerning jail accused, three stapled
    documentstotaleightpagesrelatingtonaxalactivities, Pancardin
    the name of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi were seized under
    panchanamaatExh.179.

    610] He stated that one news was published on 1992013


    relatingtonaxalinIndianExpressandthesourceofthenewswas
    reporterAshutoshBhardwajandthecontentsofthesaidnewswere
    relatingtoaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.Xeroxcopyofnewspublished
    in Indian Express ismarked atArt.145andthecontinuingpageis
    markedat Art.145A. He statedthat,on 5102013hesentEmail
    (Exh.259)toreporterAshutoshBhardwajfromhisofficialEmailID
    askingforsourcedocumentonthebasisofwhichhepreparedthe
    said news and said reporter sent email and further attached the
    documentsalongwiththemailwhichwasreceivedon18102013.He
    stated that during investigation he received certified copies of
    NanakmattaPoliceStation,UdhamsingNagarDistrictregardingfiling
    of criminal cases against accused no.4 Prashant Rahi. They are in
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    505 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    respectofCrimeno.134/07,P.S.Nanakmatta,Dist.UdhamsingNagar.
    Thiswitnessidentifiedallthearticleswhichwereseized fromthe
    possessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.Theseare
    i] Drivinglicense(Art.124),
    ii] Pancard(Art.125)
    iii] Yatricard(Art.126),
    iv] Onebrowncolouredmoneypurse(Art.127)
    v] OneDainikBhaskarnewspaper,dated192013(Art.128)
    vi] 12visitingcards(Art.129)
    vii] Oneplasticfile(Art.130)containingfourenvelopswith
    onerailwayticketofSamtaExpressofNizamuddinto
    Raipur,documentsrelatingtonaxalNarayanSanyal,
    viii] Eightpagesofliteratureinrelationtonaxal(Art.130A)

    611] This witness further identified the articles which were


    seizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.5VijayTirki.Theseare
    i] Piecesofpaper(Art.131Ato131D),
    ii] DailynewspaperDainikBhaskardt.1.9.2013(Art.132)

    612] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counselatlength.Inhiscrossexaminationheadmittedthathehad
    investigatedotheroffencesunderUAPA priortothisoffenceandas
    pertheprovisionsofUAPAwithin48hoursseizurehastobereported
    to the designated authority.He admitted that he had not reported
    seizurewithin48hourstoDesignatedauthoritybuthehadreported
    thesametoSuperintendentofPoliceandJ.M.F.C.Aheriasthearticles
    seizedwerenotexplosivesubstancebuttheseareordinaryarticles.
    Headmittedthathedidnotgivethecopyofpanchanamatoaccused
    no.5Vijayregardingpanchanamaofseizure. Hedeniedthathedid
    notseizeanyarticlesinthiscaseandhencehedidnotcommunicate
    thesametodesignatedauthority.Hedeniedthatnothingwasseized
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    506 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    from the possession of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and false


    panchanamawaspreparedtothateffect.Hedeniedthatnothingwas
    foundinpossessionofaccusedno.5Vjayandthereisnoconcernof
    accusedno.5Vijaywiththemobilenumbersfoundinhispossession.

    613] Head Constable P.W.13 Ganesh Rathod, the Muddemal


    ClerkofAheriPoliceStationinhisexaminationatExh.298statedthat
    on 292013 Mr. Bawche SDPO (P.W.11) deposited muddemal
    propertyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahii.e.
    one packet containing amount of Rs.8819/, pan card, yatri card,
    drivinglicenseand12visitingcards,DailynewspaperDainikBhaskar,
    onebluecolourtransparentplasticcolourfilecontainingdocuments
    ofNarayanSanyal,Railwayticketdated31.8.2013andeightpagesof
    naxalliteratureincrimeno.3017/2013intheMalkhana.

    614] He stated that P.W.11 Suhas Bawche had deposited


    propertyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.5VijayTirkii.e.
    one mobile of Intex company of silver colour, cash amount of
    Rs.5000/anddailynewspaperDainikBhaskardated1.9.2013and
    four pieces of paper having some phone numbers in crime
    no.3017/2013intheMalkhanaofAheriPoliceStation.Theproperty
    wasinsealedcondition.Theentryofthepropertyseizedfromthe
    possession of accusedno.4 PrashantRahiandno.5VijayTirkiwas
    taken in Malkhana Muddemal Register of Police Station, Aheri at
    Exh.276Bondated2.9.2013atSr.no.13isasunder:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    507 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Propertyseizedfromaccusedno.4PrashantRahi

    i] one packet containing amount of Rs.8819/,


    pancard,travel card,drivinglicenseand12visiting
    cards
    ii] DainikBhaskarnewspaper
    iii] one blue coloured plastic transparent file
    containingtype written documents in connection
    withMaoistleaderNarayan Sanyal, railway ticket
    dtd.31.8.2013
    iv] Eight pages containing naxal literature in
    Englishlanguage.

    Propertyseizedfromaccusedno.5VijayTirki
    i] onesilvercolourIntexcompanymobilephone
    ii] cashamountRs.5000/
    iii] Four pieces of newspaper Dainik Bhaskar
    bearingsomephonenumbers.Incolumnno.11,itis
    mentioned that said properties were deposited on
    13.10.2015intheCourt.

    615] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel. In his crossexamination he admitted that he cannot say
    withoutseeingregisterwhodepositedthepropertywithhiminwhich
    Crime number. He admitted that in the invoice challan it is not
    mentionedthatpropertywassealedandmakeofthesealwasnot
    mentioned. He admitted that he did not make entry in writing
    aboutthefactthattheclerkoftheDistrictcourtaskedhimtoopen
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    508 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    thesealwhiledepositingtheproperty. Headmittedthatthereare
    some overwriting in the muddemal register made by him at two
    places and when the property was deposited in Malkhana, at that
    time, it was sealed and make ofthe seal wasnot mentioned. He
    deniedthaton892013hemadeentryattheinstanceofSDPOShri
    Bawche.Hedeniedthatasthepropertywasnotinsealedcondition
    andmakeofthesealwasnotmentioned,hencehedidnotmention
    thesameinmuddemalregister.

    ArgumentofSpl.P.P.inrespectofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.

    616] LearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathianathaninrespectofaccused
    no.4 Prashant Rahi submitted that during the interrogation with
    accusedno.3HemMishra,involvementofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi
    was revealed. Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche came to
    knowthataccusedno.4PrashantRahiwascomingtoDevriChichgad
    area and this fact is stated by P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his
    examination. Further, from the evidence of P.W.14 Rajendrakumar
    TiwariitisclearthathereceivedmessagefromP.W.11SuhasBawche
    that two persons were coming to Devri Chichgad area who were
    requiredinCrimeNo.3017/2013ofAheriPoliceStationandasked
    themtotakesearchofthem.InpursuanceofthesameP.W.8Ramesh
    YedeandP.W.no.14RajendrakumarTiwariwhilesearchingaccused
    Pahadsing who was required in crime no.39/2011 of P.S.Chichgad,
    they found two persons near Chichgad Tpoint as per description
    giventotheminsuspiciouscircumstances. Oninquirytheydidnot
    giveproperanswershencetheyaccostedthemandintheirpossession
    somedocumentsrelatingtonaxalliteraturewerefound.Thereafter,
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    509 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    P.W.8RameshYedeandP.W.14RajendrakumarTiwaricametoAheri
    PoliceStationbyGovernmentvehiclealongwiththosetwosuspected
    personsandatabout5a.m.theyhandedoveraccusednos.4Prashant
    andno.5VijaytoP.W.11S.D.P.O.SuhasBawche.Tothateffectreport
    wasgivenbyP.W.14RajendrakumarTiwariatExh.241.

    617] He further submitted that from the evidence of P.W.11


    Suhas Bawche and panch witness P.W.3 Umaji Chandankhede it is
    clearthatpersonalsearchofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiwastaken
    andfromhispossessiondrivinglicenseinthenameofaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahi,Pancardinthenameofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi,
    Yatricard, onepurse,one newspaperDainikBhaskardated19
    2013, twelve visiting cards, one blue plastic file containing eight
    documentsrelatingtonaxalandmaoistliteraturewereseized.

    618] The plastic file is marked at Article130 and eight


    documents alongwith type written papers of under trial prisoner
    MaoistleaderNarayanSanyalfoundinthesaidfilearemarkedat
    Article130Aandtothateffect questionswereputtoaccusedno.4
    Prashant Rahi in his statement u/s 313 of Cr.P.C. He further
    submittedthat this factisalsoprovedfromthe evidence ofpanch
    witnessUmajiChandankhede(P.W.3)whostatedinhisexamination
    aboutarrestofaccusedno.4Prashantandseizureofarticlesfromhis
    possession and he admitted the contents of the panchanama
    (Exh.179).Hesubmittedthatthoughthedate18thAugustasstated
    byP.W.11Suhasismentionedinsteadof28thAugustbutbecauseof
    loss of memory the date was wrongly written by P.W.11 Suhas
    Bawche.
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    619] He invited attention of the Court on eight documents


    collectively marked at Article130A, document relating to Brief
    ReviewofFCinwhichtheresponsibilitiesofFCallottedtoJaddu
    andChetanintheFCmeetingwerementioned.Hefurtherreliedon
    thedocumentatArticleA21seizedfromthepossessionofaccused
    no.3HemMishrainwhichthenameChetanisusedinreferenceto
    accusedno.6Saibabaandinsecondparagraphofthesaiddocument
    thereisreferenceofJitenMurandiwhoisfacingdeathpenaltyand
    thisfactisalsocorroboratedfromvideoclipfoundinharddiscEx.3
    seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba,accusedno.4
    PrashantRahiwasseenattendingthesaidprogrammeandinanother
    videoclipatEx.3accusedno.4PrashantRahiwasseenonthedias.

    620] HefurtherinvitedattentionofthisCourtonthedocument
    titled as Resolution of CF meeting on 07.06.2013 at Art.130A
    wherein it was agreed that accused no.4 Prashant Rahi should be
    given one book stall at Delhi to facilitate proper maintenance and
    thereareseveralphotographsofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiwhich
    werefoundintheharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccused
    no.6Saibabawhileattendingmeetings,addressinggatheringswhich
    showsthatheisincontactwithaccusedno.6Saibaba. Hefurther
    invited attention of this court on photograph found in harddisc
    (Ex.3)seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabainwhich
    accusedno.4PrashantRahiwasseenonthestageunderbannerof
    RDFandinthevideoclipfoundinharddisc(Ex.3)seizedfromhouse
    search of accused no.6 Saibaba, accused no.4 Prashant Rahi was
    calledondaisascomradebelowthebannerofRDF.
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    621] LearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathianathansubmittedthattheCDR
    ofmobileSIMcardbearingno.8394875017ofaccusedno.4Prashant
    RahiwasprovedthroughtheevidenceofNodelOfficerRaviKhemraj
    Pardeshi (P.W.16), who in his examination stated that the CDR
    Exh.332wasissuedbyhiscompanyunderthesignatureofFransis
    Parera, AlternateNodalOfficerandfromtheCDRreportitreveals
    thatthelastlocationofCDRofmobileSIMofaccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahion18thAugust2013waswithinlocationofDelhiUniversityand
    theCDRofmobileofaccusedno.6Saibababearingno. 8800100490
    and CDR report is admitted by defence at Exh.413 and the cross
    examinationofP.W.No.22ManojPatilisdeclinedbythedefenceand
    fromCDRreportofaccusedno.6SaibabaatExh.413itisclearthaton
    06.09.2012, 19.05.2013, 21.05.2013, 03.06.2013, 04.06.2013,
    04.07.2013, 05.07.2013, 08.07.2013, 09.07.2013, 30.07.2013,
    31.07.2013and14.08.2013accusedno.6Saibabamadephonecall
    fromhismobileSIMno.8800100490tomobileSIMno.8394875017
    ofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.Further,fromCDRreportofaccused
    SaibabaatExh.413itisclearthataccusedno.4PrashantRahimade
    phone calls to accused no.6 Saibaba on his mobile SIM no.
    8800100490on13.9.2012,4.7.2013,5.7.2013and14.8.2013. He
    submitted that CDR details (Exhs.330 and 413), the prosecution
    establishedthat the accusedno.3HemMishra,no.4Prashant Rahi
    andno.6Saibabamadephonecallstoeachotheronseveraldatesand
    wereincontactwitheachotherandthisisimportantinviewofdenial
    ofaccusedno.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahiandno.6Saibabain
    their statement under section 313 of Cr.P.C. that they had any
    connectionwitheachother.
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    622] HesubmittedthatthroughtheevidenceofNodalOfficer
    P.W.16RaviPardeshitheprosecutionhasprovedthatmobileSIMcard
    bearing no. 8394875017 was issued on the basis of customer
    application form at Exh.335 to accused no.4 Prashant Rahi. He
    submittedthattheevidenceofthiswitnessonthepointofissuing
    mobileSIMcardbearingno.8394875017toaccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahi and submission of customer application forms alongwith
    photographasphotoIDproofbyaccusedno.4PrashantRahi,isnot
    challengedbythedefenceandassuchtheprosecutionhasprovedthe
    factthatthemobileSIMcardbearingno.8394875017wasbelonging
    toaccusedno.4PrashantRahiandfromCDRReports(Exhs.330and
    413)itisprovedthataccusedno.4PrashantRahiandaccusedno.6
    Saibabawereincontactwitheachother.

    623] Hesubmittedthatfromtheabovefactsandevidenceon
    record and from videoclips and CDR it is clear that accused no.4
    PrashantRahiisactivememberofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)
    anditsfrontalorganisationRDFandincriminalconspiracywithother
    accusedhewascommunicatingwithpeopleandhewasincitingand
    instigatingthepeopleforcommittingviolenceandhisinvolvementis
    establishedand therefore theingredientsoftheoffence punishable
    underSection13,18,20,38,39ofUAPAr/wSec.120BoftheIPCare
    attractedagainstaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.

    ArgumentoflearnedAdvocateShriGadlingforaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahi

    624] Per contra, the learned Advocate Shri Gadling for the
    accused submitted that the evidence of panch witness P.W.3 Umaji
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    Chandankhedeissilentonthepointofseizureofarticle130Afrom
    thepossessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.Hesubmittedthatthis
    witnessneversaysthattherewereeightnaxalpamphletsbutheonly
    says that said file contains railway ticket, xerox paper and empty
    envelope and indirectly this witness denied that blue plastic file
    containedeightnaxalpapersandthishasbeenfalselyplantedbythe
    investigatingagencyagainstaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.Onperusal
    ofpanchanamaExh.180itshowsthatitwasstartedat6.00hoursand
    completedat6.30hourson2.9.2013.

    625] He submitted that in para no.2 at Exh.307 of cross


    examination of P.W.14 Rajendrakumar Tiwari he admitted that at
    ChichgadTpoint,thereareTstalls,panshopsaresituatedandhedid
    not make any arrest panchanama when the accused were arrested
    andhehasnotgivenanyexplanationastowhypanchanamawasnot
    preparedatthespotandfurtherthepanchwitnessP.W.3Umajiinhis
    examinationstatedthatpanchnamawaspreparedintheeveningtime
    at545p.m.Thisshowsthataccusedwerenotarrestedon192011
    andfurtherthetimeofarrestwasalsonotmentionedinthestation
    diaryentry.Thisshowsthatthepanchanamawasnotcarriedouton
    thespotasInvestigatingOfficerwantedtoplantconcoctedstoryof
    arrest and seizure of alleged articles i.e. naxal papers from the
    possessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.Hesubmittedthatfromthe
    evidence of this witness it is clear that on 1.9.2013 they were
    patrollingnearRajnandgaonsituatedontheChhatisgarhborderand
    accordingtoP.W.8RameshYedetheywerepatrollingintheforestarea
    nearborderofChhatisgarh.Hence,theyhadnooccasiontocometo
    ChichgadTpoint.
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    Conclusionforaccusedno.4PrashantRahi

    626] Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his


    examinationstatedthatwhileinterrogatingwithaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishra he came to know about the involvement of accused no.4
    PrashantRahianditwasfurtherrevealedthataccusedno.4Prashant
    RahiwascomingtoDevriChichgadTpointarea.Hence,heinformed
    thisfacttoP.W.8RameshYedeandP.W.14RajendraTiwariofDevri
    Police Station on their mobile phones with the description of the
    accusedandP.W.8RameshYedeandP.W.14RajendraTiwariintheir
    examination stated that while they were searching accused
    PahadsinghinCrimeNo.39/2011ofDevriPoliceStationtheycameto
    know that accused no.4 Prashant Rahi required in Crime
    no.3017/2013 of Aheri Police Station had gone to Devri by four
    wheelerandthereforeP.W.8RameshYedeandP.W.14RajendraTiwari
    hadgonetowardsDevriandatChichgadTpointwheretheyfound
    twopersonsinsuspiciouscircumstanceswiththedescriptiongivenby
    P.W.11SuhasBawchehencetheymadeinquirywiththosepersonsand
    theydidnotgiveproperexplanationoftheirpresencethere.

    627] Theytookthosepersonsincustodyandtheyfoundnaxal
    Maoist literature in their possession and they took them to Aheri
    PoliceStationon2.9.2013at5.00a.m.andhandedoverthosetwo
    personstoSDPO,AheriP.W.11SuhasBawcheandtothateffectan
    entrywastakeninAheriPoliceStation. InvestigationOfficerP.W.11
    SuhasBawchestatedthathetookpersonalsearchofaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahiandno.5VijayTirkiandfromthepossessionofaccused
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    no.4PrashantRahidocumentcontainingeightpagesrelatingtonaxal
    Maoistliteratureandotherarticleswereseized.PanchwitnessP.W.3
    Umaji Chandankhede stated that panchanama was prepared in his
    presenceandarticleslikePancard,Yatricard,onepurse,onenews
    paperDainikBhaskardated192013,twelvevisitingcards,oneblue
    plasticfilecontainingeightdocumentsrelatingtonaxalandmaoist
    literaturewereseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahi.TheplasticfileismarkedatArticle130andeightdocuments
    foundinthesaidfilearemarkedatArticle130Aandtothateffect
    questionswereputtoaccusedno.4PrashantRahiinthestatement
    u/s313ofCr.P.C.Thisfactisalsoprovedfromtheevidenceofpanch
    witnessUmajiChandankhede(P.W.3)whostatedinhisexamination
    aboutarrestofaccusedno.4Prashantandseizureofarticlesfromhis
    possessionvidepanchanama(Exh.179).

    628] The evidence of P.W.8 Ramesh Yede, P.W.14


    RajendrakumarTiwari,P.W.11SuhasBawcheandpanchP.W.3Umaji
    Chandankhedewaschallengedonthegroundthatarrestpanchanama
    inrespectofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiandno.5VijayTirkiwasnot
    effectedatDevriChichgadTpointinpresenceofindependentpanch
    witnessesthoughavailableandstationdiaryentryabouthandingover
    of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and no.5 Vijay Tirki is also not
    producedonrecord.ItiswellsettledthatevidenceofPoliceOfficers
    cannotbediscardedonthegroundthattheyarePoliceOfficersbutif
    itisfreefrominfirmitiesitcanbebelieved.P.W.8RameshYedeand
    No.14RajendraTiwariintheirexaminationclearlystatedthatwhen
    theyhadgonetoChattisgarhborderareatheyreceivedmessageon
    theirmobilefromSDPO,AheriP.W.11SuhasBawchewhoinformed
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    thataccusedrequiredinCrimeno.3017/2013ofAheriPoliceStation
    wereinRaipurareaandthereforetheyproceededtowardRaipurand
    thereafter they came to know that the accused had gone towards
    Devribyfour wheeler vehicle hencetheywent thereandsawtwo
    personswiththedescriptiongiventothembyP.W.11SuhasBawcheat
    Chichgad Tpoint in suspicious circumstances, hence, they made
    inquirywiththosepersonsandtheydidnotgiveproperexplanation
    of their presence there. Hence, they took those two persons in
    custodyandtheyfoundnaxalMaoistliteratureintheirpossessionand
    they took them to Aheri Police Station and handed over to SDPO,
    Aheri P.W.11 Suhas Bawche. Nothing is brought on record to
    disbelievetheevidenceofthesewitnessestodiscardtheirevidenceon
    thispoint.

    629] Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche in his


    examinationclearlystatedthataccusedno.4PrashantRahiandno.5
    Vijay Tirki were brought to Aheri Police Station and he took their
    personal search and from the possession of accused no.4 Prashant
    RahiarticleslikePancard, Yatricard, onepurse,one newspaper
    DainikBhaskardated192013,twelvevisitingcards,oneblueplastic
    file containing eight documents alongwith type written papers of
    undertrialprisonerMaoistleaderNarayanSanyalrelatingtonaxal
    andmaoistliteraturewereseizedinpresenceofpanchwitnessP.W.3
    Umaji Chandankhede. Though panch witness P.W.3 Umaji
    Chandankhedehasnotstatedinhisexaminationabouttheseizureof
    naxal literaturefrom the possessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi
    but from his crossexamination it is clear that he is an illiterate
    witness,hence,merenotdeposingaboutthefactofseizureofnaxal
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    literature and not mentioning in detail in panchanama at Exh.179


    aboutthenaxalliteratureisnotagroundtodisbelievetheevidenceof
    panchwitnessP.W.3UmajiChandankhede.

    630]P.W.11SuhasBawcheinhisexaminationhestatedthat
    eightpagesrelatingtonaxalmaoistliteraturewereseizedfromthe
    possessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiunderpanchanamaExh.179
    andthesaideightpagesseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahiweredepositedonthesamedayi.e.on2.9.2013with
    theMuddemalClerkofAheriPoliceStationP.W.13GaneshRathod.
    Further P.W.13 Ganesh Rathod in his examination stated that he
    received property i.e. eight pages of naxal maoist literature at
    Art.130AandentrytothateffectwastakeninMuddemalRegisterat
    Exh.276B. Hence,prosecutionhasprovedbeyondreasonabledoubt
    thataccusedno.4PrashantRahialongwithaccusedno.5VijayTirki
    was arrested at Devri Chichgad TPoint and they were brought to
    AheriPoliceStationandthereaftertheirpersonalsearchwastaken
    and eight pages of naxal Maoist literature alongwith other articles
    werefoundwithaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.

    631] Finding of personal documents i.e. driving license and


    Pan cardwithaccusedno.4PrashantRahishowsthat hispersonal
    search was taken and he was arrested. Finding of incriminating
    article i.e. Yatri card (Art.126) shows that accused no.4 Prashant
    RahiwasgoingfromDelhitoRaipurandfindingofnewspaperwith
    himwhichwasusuallyusedbythemembersofCPI(Maoist)andits
    frontal organisation RDF as identification code to recognize each
    othershowsthathewasgoingtoforestareatomeetunderground
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    naxalsasallegedbytheprosecution.Furtheraccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahiwasfoundinpossessionofoneblueplasticfilecontainingeight
    documents relating to naxal maoist literature which is marked at
    Article130Aandtothateffect questionswereputtoaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahiinthestatementu/s313ofCr.P.C.buthedeniedthis
    fact.

    632] TheevidenceofInvestigatingOfficerP.w.11SuhasBawche
    isclearonthepointthateightdocumentsrelatingtonaxalMaoist
    literaturewererecoveredfromaccusedno.4PrashantRahiandthis
    factismentionedinpanchanamaExh.179whereinitisstatedthat
    eightpagesrelatingtonaxalMaoistliteraturewereseizedfromthe
    possessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.Furtherfromtheevidence
    ofMuddemalClerkofAheriPoliceStationP.W.13GaneshRathoditis
    clear that he had deposited eight pages relating to naxal Maoist
    literatureseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.4PrsahantRahi
    andanentrytothateffectistakeninMuddemalRegisterofPolice
    Station,AheriwhichisproducedonrecordatExh.276B.Nothingis
    broughtonrecordbythedefencetodisbelievetheevidenceofP.W.11
    SuhasBawcheandP.W.13GaneshRathodaboutseizureofeightpages
    fromthepossessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahianddepositingthe
    sameinMalkhanaofPoliceStation,Aheri. Asthedocumentswere
    foundinpossessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiandthequestions
    were put to him in his statement recorded u/s313Cr.P.C., but he
    deniedthatthedocumentsmarkedasArticles130Awereseizedfrom
    hispossession. Atthisjuncture,itisnecessarytoconsidertheratio
    laiddowninthecaseof AshishC.Shahv.
    M/s.ShethDevelopers

    Pvt. Ltd. and Ors reported in 2011 Cr.L.J. 3565 wherein it is
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    observedinpara12that
    (E)EvidenceAct(1of1872),S.135Examination
    ofwitnessesProsecutioncanneveraskaccusedto
    enterintowitnessboxaswitnessofprosecutionIt
    isagainstbasicprinciplesofcriminaljurisprudence.
    (Para12)

    Para 12. The learned Counsel for the petitioner


    vehementlycontendedthatthedocumentcouldnot
    beadmittedinevidenceunlessauthorofthesame
    was examined before the Court and in support of
    this contention, he relied upon Vishwanath Rai v.
    Sachhidamand Singh, AIR 1971 SC 1949. In that
    case, witness of one party deposed that a letter
    writtenbyoneStohimhadbeenreceivedbyhim.
    TheSupremeCourtheldthatburdenliesonother
    sidetoproveitsallegationthattheletterwasnot
    writtenbySorthatitwaswrittenincollusionwith
    Sandthewitness.However,theSupremeCourtalso
    heldthattheletterisrelevantandadmissibletothe
    extentofthefactthatSwrotesuchalettertothe
    witness with its contents. However, correctness of
    thecontentsoftheletterwouldbeprovedonlyby
    examiningSasawitnessbecausehewastheauthor.
    Inthepresentcase,theauthorandsignatoriesofthe
    abovereferredtwolettersareaccusedNos.1and2.
    Theletterspurportingtohavebeensignedandsent
    bythemwerereceivedbytheManagingDirectorof
    the complainant and this fact is deposed to by
    witnessSharadDoshi.Inviewofthis,iftheaccused
    personsallegethatthesaidletterswerenotsigned
    and sent by the accused persons, burden lies on
    them to prove the same. The contention of the
    learnedCounselthatthecontentsofthisdocument
    andthetruthforthesamecannotbeprovedwithout
    examining the author of the same is against the
    basic principles of criminal jurisprudence, because
    prosecutioncanneverasktheaccusedtoenterinto
    witnessboxasawitnessofprosecution.Infact,the
    accusedcannotbecalledinthewitnessboxevenas
    defencewitnessunlesshemakesawrittenrequest
    forthesame.Notonlythis,eveninthestatement
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    under Sec. 313, Cr.P.C. wherein the incriminating


    circumstancesarerequiredtobeputtotheaccused
    toenable himtoexplainthesame,theaccusedis
    not bound to answer those questions, though the
    Courtmaydrawadverseinferenceagainsthimifhe
    keepsquiet.Insuchcircumstances,tosuggestthat
    thedocumentwrittenbyandsignedbytheaccused
    couldnotbeprovedwithoutexaminingtheaccused
    aswitnessoftheprosecutionisagainstthesettled
    positionoflawandthereforethiscontentionofthe
    learned Counsel for the petitioner is liable to be
    rejected.

    633] In view of above the eight documentsrelating tonaxal


    literature and typed written documents (Arts.130A) found in
    possessionofPrashantRahicanbereadinevidence.

    Contents of Eight pages seized from the possession of accused


    no.4PrashantRahialongwithotherdocumentsareasunder:

    (1)ThedocumentistitledasResolutionoftheCF
    meetingon7.6.2013
    On perusal of said document at point no.8, page
    no.4itismentionedthatRahiwillbetalkedtotake
    upthetaskofrunningthebookstaffinthecapitalto
    facilitate proper maintenance, distribution. Even
    thoughhewilltakethisresponsibilityindependently
    itwouldbebetterifthisisdoneincoordinationwith
    the CF comrades. In this regard the Higher
    Committeewillwritetohim.

    (2) FurtherdocumenttitledasABriefReviewof
    FCfunctioningatpageno.1itismentionedthat
    Atpresenta5memberFChasbeenfunctioning.The
    members are Jaddu, Chetan, Preetilata, Vilas and
    Vivek. TwomoremembersoftheFChavebeenin
    jailforthelast3years.Oneofthemhasbeenfacing
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    death penalty. Though High Court acquitted him,


    JharkhandGovernmenthadgonetoSupremeCourt.
    HeisstilllanguishinginprisonunderCrimeControl
    Act which was promulgated after the High Court
    acquittedhim. Thereisnoprovisionforbailunder
    thisAct. Onehastobeinsideprisonforoneyear.
    The government may extend it for one more year
    also.

    For the last three years the FC of A3 is


    functioning without any guidance from the CC or
    SUCOMO. TheFChasbeenmeetingregularlyand
    chalking programmes and plans for all India
    activities.Inthepastfouryears(Firstyearwiththe
    guidanceofSUCOMOinchargethoughlettersandin
    thepast3yearswithoutanyguidance)theFChas
    beentakenupseveralprogrammesandinitiatives.

    ThoughtheFCisconstitutedtoworkforthe
    A3, it has been working as though it is a party
    committeebecauseitlooksafteratleast3Tactical
    UnitedFronts(TUFs)3otherMosandinternational
    workalongwithA3itself.EachmemberoftheFCis
    workingforoneTUFatleastfullyfocussingonit.As
    a result, a number of tasks taken up by the FC
    remainunfulfilledandnoneoftheTUFsisworking
    fullyinitsstrength. Butatleastwemanagetoput
    up bigger programmes or at least use our loud
    mouths against the state offensives. At the same
    timedonotloseinitiativeintheTUFsandotherjoint
    activities.

    In addition to the work in TUFs, it has been


    alsodoingtheinternationalworkcampaignsand
    coordination earlier under the guidance of
    InternationalDepartmentnowwithoutanyguidance
    continuingwithwhatwasdecidedpreviously.

    ToovercomethelackofseparateFCsforthe
    differentTUFs,SUCOMOintroducedcorecommittee
    system 4 years ago into TUFs. For example anti
    displacement front had a core committee with a
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    party members (Organizers)from6Statesinitially.


    Aftergoodworkinthebeginningthememberfrom
    Chh was withdrawn,membersfromJHandOrissa
    werearrestedseveraltimes. Anothermemberfrom
    WBwasalsoarrestedrecently. ExceptinJH,there
    werenoreplacementsandhencethecoordinationof
    the TUF work on antidisplacement suffered. As
    there was always a replacement from JH or the
    arrestedComradegotreleasedandcamebacktothe
    core,antidisplacementworkdevelopedtoanextent
    andagoodnumberofmassprogrammeshavebeen
    conductedthere.

    SUCOMO also planned for a core committee


    fortheTUFonPoliticalPrisoners.Butbeforeitcould
    be informed to all state, the CC incharges were
    arrestedoneaftertheotherandSUCOMO'sguidance
    stoppedcomingtotheFC. Therefore,theproposed
    core committee could never take shape till today.
    The work suffered as only one Comrade who is
    taking sole responsibility could not cope up with
    enormous work. Only in four States units were
    formed as the lone comrade could get contacts in
    thosefourstatesandformedstatelevelunits. This
    comrade has been moving across the states do his
    bestworkpossibleonpoliticalprisoners. Thisalso
    meansallcategoriesofpoliticalprisoners.Butheis
    helpedbynonpartyforcesinaclosecoordination.
    Wherestatecommitteeswereformedlocalcomrades
    aredoinggoodworkparticularlyinthesefourstates
    and most of the arrested comrades in those states
    were attended to. These units also look after
    neighbouringstates,playedcentralrolesinreleasing
    as many comrades, apart from taking up good
    campaign.

    (3) Inparano.9ofthisdocumentitismentioned
    that This front get a boost if our FC member is
    released. The Comrade who is now working will
    have a great advantagewiththatcomrade. These
    writers and artists made possible the campaign
    against death penalty given to our member. His
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    songs and writings were used in that campaign.


    Comrade Vivek continuously mobilised the writers
    andartistsinthewaragainstPeopleCampaign,in
    the campaign against death penalty given to our
    comrade and life sentence given to our comrades
    SeemaandViswavijay.

    The responsibilities of FC allotted to Jaddu and


    ChetanintheFCmeetingareasfollows:
    The responsibilitiesofJaddu :Incharge ofworkers
    organization.JanPratirodhandinchargeofthestate
    UnitsofBihar,PunjabandUttarakhand.Looksafter
    partycellsamongtheworkers'unionafterthelocal
    partybecamedefunct.

    TheresponsibilitiesofChetan :TUFonWaragainst
    People, International work, People's Resistance,
    InchargeofStateUnitsofWestBengal,Keralaand
    Delhiandresponsiblefortakingupeffortstoform
    A3inTamilNadu.

    634] OnperusalofArticleNo.A21ofExh.266seizedfromthe
    possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra, the word Chetan is
    mentionedinreferencetoaccusedno.6Saibabaandthedutieswhich
    aregiventoChetanrelatestoaccusedno.6Saibabaandatthelast
    paraofpageno.2ofthisdocumenttheproblemandweaknessesofFC
    weregivenandthisFChasreferencetothedocumentatpageno.29
    of Exh.267 at point no.9 where the functioning of FC has been
    describedandinparano.2theword,antidisplacementwasusedin
    relates to Chetan and in respect of work of Jaddu he has been
    assignedtheworkofJanPratirodhmagazinewhichisseizedfrom
    thehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba. P.W.6AtulAvhadinhis
    crossexamination admitted the suggestion of the defence that in
    maoistgroupeverymemberhasaliasnameandnormallytheyuse
    alias name. Here the name 'Chetan' has reference with accused
    Saibaba.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    524 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    635] OnperusalofArt.A21ofExh.266itrevealsinparano.1
    thatoneofthememberofFCisfacingdeathpenaltyandinsecond
    paragraphofthesaiddocumentitismentionedthatforthelastthree
    yearstheFCofA3isfunctioningwithoutanyguidancefromtheCC
    orSUCOMOandthepersonreferredinparano.1isJitenMurandi
    and this fact is also corroborated from videoclip found in video
    having path Exh.3/Meetings/Jiten Convention Against Death
    Penalty/20 Dec 2011 Jiten Convention 2 Compressed version/
    convention disc 2/VTS_01 _5, seized from the house search of
    accusedno.6Saibabawhereinaccusedno.4PrashantRahiwasseen
    attending the said programme and there is another videoclip
    regardingthedeathpenaltyofJitenMurandiwhichisfoundinthe
    harddisc at Ex.3 having path Exh.3/films/s1/Jeetan
    1/video_TS/VTS_01_1,whichwasseizedfromthehouseofaccused
    no.6 Saibaba under panchanama Exh.165 and on seeing video it
    appears that accused no.4 Prashant Rahi was seen on the dais
    alongwithfourpersonsinwhichoneladybelowherimagethename
    Aparna, wifeof Jeetanis writtenandsheisaddressing,belowthe
    bannerofJanConventionandshehasstatedthatJeetanwasmaking
    documentaryattherelevanttime.

    636] Further, from the document titled as Resolution of CF
    meetingon07.06.2013atArt.130Aitrevealsthatthereisresolution
    toformcommitteeforreleaseofpoliticalprisonersinwhichthename
    ofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiisappearingandinthesaiddocument
    itwasagreedthataccusedno.4PrashantRahishouldbegivenone
    bookstallatDelhitofacilitatepropermaintenance,distributionand
    circulatethebooksandeventhoughhewilltakethisresponsibility
    independentlyanditwouldbebetterifthisisdoneincoordination
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    525 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    withtheCFcomradesandthereareseveralphotographsofaccused
    no.4PrashantRahiwhichwerefoundintheharddiscseizedfromthe
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba while attending meetings,
    addressing gatherings and to that effect Question nos.131 to 136
    wereputtoaccusedno.4PrashantRahiinhisstatementu/s313of
    Cr.PC.whichshowsthatheisincontactwithaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    637] Further,onviewingphotographsfoundinharddisc(Ex.3)
    seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabahavingpath
    Exh.3/new folder(2)/Allmetters1/photos/A.P.RDFconvention/
    photosno.DSC_0913,inwhichaccusedno.4PrashantRahiwasseen
    onthestagewithbanneronbackgroundofRDFandwasstanding
    holdingbookinhishandandinthebacksideaccusedno.6Saibaba
    wasfoundseatingonthedaisalongwithothers,andinthevideoclip
    foundinharddisc(Ex.3)seizedfromhousesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibaba having path Exh.3/films/s1/RDF/1/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2,
    itisseenthat thedignitariesfromdifferentpartsincludingaccused
    no.6G.N.Saibaba,Dy.Secretary,RDFandaccusedno.4PrashantRahi
    werecalledondaisascomradebelowthebannerofRDFonthedais.

    638] Besidestheseeightdocuments,fromthepersonalsearch
    ofaccusedno.4PrashantRahifollowingarticleswereseized
    i] DainkBhaskarnewspaper
    ii] OnepacketcontainingcashRs.8819/,
    iii] Pancard
    iv] Yatricard
    v] Drivinglicenseofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi
    vi] Onetransparentplasticfilecontainingthe
    documentanewspublishedinDainikBhaskar
    newspaperinrespectofNarayanSanyal(AMaoist)
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    526 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    639] On perusal of document at page no.90 of Exh.267 it


    revealsthatthereisusualpracticeofnaxalshavingpath Exh.4/All
    Sai/for study/latest/Vanja's Articles taken out from the harddisc
    (Ex.4) of accused no.6 Saibaba titled as I am convinced the
    Naxalites(Maoists)havealotofsupportinwhichitismentioned
    thatanewspaperandbananashelpedlinkupwithMaoistsandthe
    CommunistPartyofIndiaMaoist(CPIMaoist).Fromthisdocument
    itrevealsthatinordertoidentifythemembersofCPIMaoistorRDF
    organisation by unknown person the unique identification i.e.
    Banana,Umbrellaandnewspaperwereused.

    640] Hence, in peculiar facts and circumstances of the case


    finding of daily newspaper Dainik Bhaskar can be considered as
    incriminatingevidenceagainstaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.

    641] Asdiscussedearlierthequestionsrelatingtoincriminating
    evidencefoundagainstaccusedno.4PrashantRahiin16GBmemory
    cardandelectronicgadgetsArts.1to41intheformtext,photographs
    andvideowereputtoaccusedno.4PrashantRahiinhisstatement
    u/s313Cr.P.C.andinviewofJudgmentofApexCourtinAnvarP.V.
    v.P.K.Basheer[(2014)10SCC
    473]:(AIR2015SC180) cited
    suprathisisaprimaryevidence.Theincriminatingphotographsand
    videoclipsandtextdocumentsrelatingtoaccusedno.4PrashantRahi
    foundinthe16GBmemorycardofSandisccompanyseizedfromthe
    possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra and electronic gadgets
    Articles1to41likeCDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddiscsseizedfromthe
    housesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaistobeconsideredinevidence.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    527 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Following are the incriminating photographs of accused no.4


    PrashantRahifoundin electronicgadgetsArticles1to41like
    CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddiscsseizedfromthehousesearchof
    accusedno.6SaibabaunderseizurepanchanamaExh.165.

    a] In the photograph found in harddisc having


    path EXH5/C/allphotos/photossai/NewFolder
    I,accusedno.4PrashantRahiisseenaddressinga
    meeting of Revolutionary Democratic Front along
    withaccusedno.6SaibabasupportedbyTelangana
    PrajaFront.

    b]Inthephotographfoundinharddischavingpath
    EXH3/C/newfolder(2)/allmetters(I)/photos
    /utt.rdf.accusedno.4PrashantRahiisseenalong
    withdelegatesoftheRDFconferenceUttarakhand.

    c] In the photograph found in harddisc having


    pathEXH3/C/newfolder(2)/allmettersI/photos
    utt. Rdf., convention Photos/rdf, accused no.4
    Prashant Rahi is seen in convention of RDF
    Uttarakhand.

    d]Inthephotographfoundinharddischavingpath
    EXH 5/C/all photos/photos sai/new folder1,
    accusedno.4PrashantRahiis seen addressing a
    meeting of Revolutionary Democratic Front
    supportedbyTelanganaPrajaFront.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    528 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    e]Inthephotographfoundinharddischavingpath
    EXH5Data/C/allphotos/photosSai/Newfolder
    1,accusedno.4 Prashant Rahi was found
    participating in a public meeting of Revolutionary
    Democratic Front (Krantikari Janwadi Morcha)
    along with coaccused no.3 Hem Mishra and no.6
    Saibaba.

    f]Inthephotographfoundinharddischavingpath
    3/C/newfolder(2)/Allmetters1/Hemsphotos/
    images,accusedno.4 Prashant Rahi is seen
    alongwithaccusedno.3HemMishra.

    g]Inthephotographfoundinharddischavingpath
    Exh.3/newfolder(2)/24012012/Janpratirodh ,
    inwhichaccusedno.4 Prashant Rahi was found
    sittingingroupof1520peoplealongwithonelady.

    h]Inthephotographfoundinharddischavingpath
    Exh.3/new folder(2)/Allmetters1/photos/A.P.RDF
    convention/photos no.DSC_0913, in which
    accusedno.4Prashantwaspresenton the stage
    havingbannerofRDFinthebacksideandaccused
    no.4Prashantwasstandingholdingbookinhishand
    and accusedno.6Saibabawasalsoseenonthedais
    alongwithothers.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    529 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    I]Inthephotographatpageno.39takenoutfrom
    theharddiscExh.5havingpath Exh.3/newfolder
    (2)/all metters I/photos/utt.rdf.convention
    photos.rdf, wife of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi
    CharulataisseenaddressingtheconventionofRDF
    Uttarakhand.

    Following are the incriminating videoclips of accused no.4


    PrashantRahifoundin electronicgadgetsArticles1to41like
    CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddiscsseizedfromthehousesearchof
    accusedno.6SaibabaunderseizurepanchanamaExh.165.

    a] Inthevideoclipfoundinharddischavingpath
    Exh.3/RDFconferencevideos/DVD_7/VIDEO_TS,
    inwhichaccusedno.Prashantisseenattendingand
    participatingintheconvention in the first RDF
    conference held at Hyderabad in the year 2012
    accused no.6 Saibaba was seen addressing the
    peoplefromthestageandaccusedno.4Prashantis
    seensittinginthehall having capacity around 500
    people on the right side row and accused no.6
    Saibabaisseenaddressingthemeeting.

    b] In the video clip found in harddisc having


    pathExh.3/films/s1/RDF/1/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2,
    dignitaries from different parts including accused
    no.6Saibaba,Dy.Secretary, RDFandaccused no.4
    Prashant Rahi was called on dais as comrade
    PrashantRahiandthereafterhewasseenbelowthe
    bannerofRDFonthedaisalongwithothers.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    530 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    c] Inthevideoclipfoundinharddischavingpath
    Exh.3/films/s1/Jeetan1/video_TS/VTS_01_1,
    accused no.4PrashantRahi wasseenonthedais
    alongwithfourpersonsin which one lady by
    nameAparna,wifeofJeetanisaddressing, below
    the banner of Jan Convention and she has stated
    that Jeetan was making documentary at the
    relevant time.

    d] In the video clip having path Exh.3/films/s1


    /RDF/2/VIDEO _TS/ VTS_01_1, accused no.6
    Saibaba is seen on dais and accused no.4
    Prashant Rahi is found sitting in the audience
    whereone lady is shouting slogans demanding
    returnofArmyfrom Kashmirandforliberationof
    Kashmirandaccusedno.4 Prashant Rahi is
    respondingtotheslogans.

    Followingdocumentsshowingtheactivitiesofaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahiwerefoundintheharddiscseizedinthehouse
    search of accused no.6 Saibaba under seizure panchanama
    Exh.165:

    a] In the letter taken out from the harddisc


    Exh.4 at Art.162 having path ex 4/8 Nov,
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    531 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    2011/CRPP/CRPPOldFiles/ Brochure
    final/More messages Political prisoners,
    addressed to The Principal Secretary (Home)
    UttarakhandGovernment Dehradon it is seen
    thatitwassentbyaccusedno.4Prashant Rahi
    belowthatMaoistPrisonersTamilNaduiswritten.

    b] Inthedocumenttakenoutfromtheharddisc
    Exh.4atArt.163havingpathex4/CRPP/CRPPOld
    files/Brochure final/EDITED/ProfilePrashant
    RahiEdited,titledas PrashantRahi withone
    photograph stating therein that accused Prashant
    RahiisaseniorjournalistofUttarakhandand it is a
    document about his arrest by the State police on
    15thDec2007inDeharadun.

    642] In the statement u/s 313 Cr.P.C accused no.4 Prashant


    Rahiexceptbaredenialhasnotgivenanyspecificexplanationabout
    hisinvolvementintheprogrammesseeninthephotographs,video
    clipsanddocuments.

    643] TheCDRofmobileSIMcardno.8394875017showsthatit
    belongstoaccusedno.4PrashantRahiandthecustomerapplication
    formExh.335isprovedthroughtheevidenceofNodalOfficerP.W.16
    RaviKhemrajPardesi. TheCDRofmobileSIMcardno.8800100490
    shows that it belongs to accused no.6 Saibaba and accused no.6
    SaibabaadmittedtheevidenceregardingcalldetailsofmobileSIM
    cardno.8800100490atExh.413filedonrecord.NodalOfficerP.W.22
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    532 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    ManojPatilhasstatedinhisexaminationaboutthefactthatmobile
    SIMcardno.8800100490isbelongingtoaccusedno.6Saibabaand
    hehasfiledcalldetailsofthesameatExh.413. Onperusalofcall
    details it reveals that accused no.6 Saibaba made phone calls to
    accused no.4 Prashant Rahi on 6.9.2012, 19.5.2013, 21.5.2013,
    3.6.2013, 4.6.2013, 4.7.2013, 5.7.2013, 8.7.2013, 9.7.2013,
    30.7.2013, 31.7.2013 and 14.8.2013. Further the call details at
    Exh.413 shows that accused no.4 Prashant Rahi made phone calls
    from his mobile no.8394875017 to the mobile no.8800100490
    belongingtoaccusedno.6Saibabaon13.9.2012,4.7.2013,5.7.2013
    and14.8.2013.However,accusedno.4PrashantRahideniedthathe
    hashavinganyconnectionwithaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    644] Thechargesheetwasfiledagainstaccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahi at Uttarakhand of Nanakmatta Police Station, District :
    Udhamsing Nagar in Crime no.134/07 for the offences punishable
    underSections121,121A,124A,153B,120BoftheIPCandunder
    Section20ofUAPA.ItisatExh.264. Fromtheaboveincriminating
    evidence which is proved beyond all reasonable doubt by the
    prosecution it is clear that accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is active
    member of RDF organisation, a frontal organisation of banned
    organisationCPI(Maoist)andhewasfoundinpossessionofcertain
    papersincludingeightprintedpagesalongwithtypewrittenpapersof
    undertrialprisonerMaoistleaderNarayanSanyal(Articleno.130A)
    containing incriminating material in respect of activities of CPI
    (Maoist)bannedorganisationanditsfrontalorganizationRDF.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    533 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    645] From the oral and documentary evidence, photographs,


    videoclips found in electronic gadgets (Arts.1 to 41) and 16 GB
    memorycard it is clear that accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is active
    member of RDF, a frontal organization of CPI (Maoist) banned
    organization and he was communicating with people and he was
    incitingandinstigatingthepeopleforviolenceandhisinvolvementis
    establishedthatheisamemberofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)
    anditsfrontalorganisationRDF.

    SubmissionofLd.Spl.P.P.foraccusedno.5Vijay

    646] Inrespectofaccusedno.5VijayTirki,learnedSpl.P.P.Shri
    Sathianathan submitted that accused no.5 Vijay Tirki alongwith
    accusedno.4PrashantRathiwasarrestedon2.9.2013atChichgadT
    pointandthenbroughttoPoliceStation,Aheri. Fromhispersonal
    search mobile handset of Intex company and the articles like
    newspapermatchingwiththestandardcodeofnaxalsandmembers
    ofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontorganisationRDF
    were seized under seizure panchanama and he had not given any
    satisfactoryexplanationforthesame.

    SubmissionofAdvocateShriSamaddarforaccusedno.5Vijay
    Tirki

    647] The learned Advocate Shri Samaddar for accused no. 5


    VijayTirkisubmittedthatprosecutionexamined4witnessesi.e.P.W.3
    UmajiChandankhede,P.W.8RameshYede,P.W.11SuhasBawcheand
    P.W.14RajendrakumarTiwari. HesubmittedthataccordingtoP.W.
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    534 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    14RajendrakumarTiwari,hecametoknowthatthepersontowhom
    theyweresearchinghadgonetowardsDevari andthereafter,they
    had gone towards Devari and at Chichgad T point, he arrested
    accusedno.5VijayTirkialongwithaccusedno.4PrashantRahiand
    after arrest of accused persons,he proceeded towardsAheri from
    Devri. He further submitted that this witness has admitted in his
    crossexamination that at ChichgadTpoint,there are Tstalls,pan
    shopsaresituatedandhedidnotmakeanyarrestpanchanamawhen
    theaccusedwerearrestedandhehasnotgivenanyexplanationasto
    whypanchanamawasnotpreparedatthespotandastowhythe
    personalsearchofbothaccusedwasnotcarriedout. Hesubmitted
    thatthereisnomentionofseizure ofanyincriminatingarticlesin
    panchnamaatExh.180 foundinpossessionofaccusedno.5Vijay
    Tirki.

    648] HesubmittedthataccordingtoP.W.8RameshYede,they
    tookthosetwopersonstoAheriPoliceStationandtheyreachedto
    Aherionthenextdaymorningandhandedoverthosetwopersonsto
    investigatingofficerP.W.11SuhasBawche.Hefurthersubmittedthat
    accordingtoinvestigatingofficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheon292013
    accused no. 4 Prashant Rahi and accused no. 5 Vijay Tirki were
    broughtbyAPITiwari(P.W.14)andhisstafftoAheriPoliceStation
    fromPoliceStationChichgadandthenpersonalsearchofaccusedno.
    5VijayTirkiwastakenandpanchnamaExh.180wasprepared.He
    submittedthatonperusalofExh.180itshowsthatthereismention
    oftimeofpreparationofpanchnamaas630to645of292013and
    according to the time mentioned in all documents the time of 24
    hoursweretaken. Thisshowsthatitwasmorningtimeandhence,
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    535 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    noneofthewitnesscanbebelievedonthepointofarrestofaccused
    no.5andseizureofanyarticlesfromhispossessionandthereisno
    further investigation after arrest of the accused by investigating
    officertoconnectthepresentaccusedwiththecrime.ButProsecution
    witness Umaji in his crossexamination admitted that panchanama
    was made in the evening at 5.00 p.m., this show that there are
    discrepancies in the evidence of prosecution witness and hence
    evidence can not be relied upon and he prayed for acquittal of
    accusedno.5VijayTirki. Insupportofhissubmissionheplaced
    reliance on the judgment of Ramu v State of Maharashtra
    reportedin2011(1)Mh.L.J.(Cri.)1461whereinitisheldthat

    PenalCode,SS.328and379Appellantconvicted
    and sentenced for administering intoxicating
    substancetothecomplainantandcommittingtheft
    Appeal There was material variance in the
    testimony of complainant and the other Pws on
    important aspects of the incident There were
    infirmities and deformities in the search of the
    appellant and the seizure of the articles from the
    appellantTherewasunexplaineddelayinsending
    theseize3darticlesforCAPossibilityoftampering
    ofthearticlescouldnotberuledoutTestimonies
    of PW 5 and 6 were not related to the alleged
    incident Prosecution case did not inspire
    confidence Conviction and sentence of the
    appellantwaserroneousandunsustainableAppeal
    allowed.(Paras28and30to33)
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    536 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Conclusionforaccusedno.5Vijay

    649] According to the prosecution from the possession of


    accusedno.5VijayTirkiadailynewspaperDainikBhaskar,fourpieces
    ofpapersonwhichsomephonenumberswerewrittenandmobile
    handsetwereseizedandcashamountofRs.5000/.

    650] ThelearnedAdvocateShriGadlingandP.C.Samaddarfor
    the accused submitted that there are discrepancies of making
    panchanama in respect of arrest of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi.
    Panchanama Exh.179 shows that it was prepared at 5.45 a.m.,
    however, panch witness P.W.3 Umaji Chandankhede in his
    examination stated that panchanama was prepared in the evening
    time.ItistobenotedthatpanchwitnessP.W.3UmajiChandankhede
    isanilliteratepersonandthepanchanamainquestionwasprepared
    on2.9.2013andthewitnesshasdeposedafteraperiodofthreeyears.
    Hence,merelybecausediscrepanciesabouttimeasstatedbypanch
    witnessP.W.3UmajiChandankhedeitcannotbeconsidered.Hemight
    have stated so because of loss of memory but his stray admission
    cannot be considered as fatal to the prosecution because other
    evidence i.e. RailwayTicket from Delhi to Raipur, finding of
    identification code, personal documents of accused no.4 Prashant
    RahishowsthathewasproceedingfromDelhitoRaipurandfinding
    ofNewspaperDainikBhaskarwithaccusedno.5VijayTirkiofsame
    dateshowsthathehadbeentoChichgadTpointtoreceiveaccused
    no.4PrashantRahitohavemeetingwithundergroundnaxalRamdar.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    537 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    651] FurtherthereisanentrymadebyP.W.14Rajendrakumar
    TiwariinstationdiaryofPoliceStation,Devriaboutproceedingto
    Aheri andentry tothateffectwastaken inPoliceStation Devriat
    Exh.241andafterreachingatAheriPoliceStationinearlymorning
    and they handedover custody of accused no.4 Prashant and no.5
    VijaytoP.W.11SuhasBawcheandstationdiaryentrytothateffect
    was taken vide Serial no.6/2013dated2.9.2013atExh.275Cand
    time is mentioned in the station diary is 5.00 a.m. and thereafter
    InvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawchepreparedpanchanamain
    presenceofpanchasvideExh.179and180atabout6.15a.m.After
    preparationofpanchanamaonthesamedayhedepositedthesaid
    articlesseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiand
    accusedno.5VijayTirkiwithwitnessGaneshRathod,theMuddemal
    Clerkonthesameday.Atthisstageitisnecessarytoconsiderthe
    ratio laid down by the Apex Court in the judgment of Bharwada
    Bhoginbhai Hirjibhai v State of Gujrat reported in AIR 1983
    SupremeCourt753whereinitisobservedthat
    (B) Evidence Act (1 of 1872, S.3 Evidence
    Appreciation of Discrepancies Overmuch
    importancecannotbegiventominordiscrepancies.

    Overmuch importance cannot be given to minor


    discrepancies.Discrepancieswhichdonotgotothe
    rootofthematterandshakethebasicversionofthe
    witnesses,therefore,cannotbeannexedwithundue
    importance. More so when the all important
    probabilitiesfactorechoesinfavouroftheversion
    narratedbythewitnesses.

    652] Even otherwise if it is taken that panch witness P.W.3


    Umaji Chandankhede has made false statement the principle of
    falsus in uno falsus in omnibus is not applicable in India as
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    538 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    observedbytheTheApexCourtinthecaseofGunnanaPentayya
    vs.StateofA.P.Reportedin2008BHCCO1910inCriminalAppeal
    No.292 of 2006, decided on 20th August, 2008, in para 15
    observedthat
    E. Maxim falsus in uno falsus in
    omnibus IthasnoapplicationinIndiaEvenif
    major portion of evidence found to be deficient,
    residueiffoundsufficienttoproveguilt,conviction
    canbesustained.

    653] From the above discussion of evidence of prosecution


    witnessesonthepointofarrestofaccusedno.4Prashantandno.5
    VijayatChichgadTpointfollowingcircumstanceshavebeenproved
    beyondreasonabledoubts.
    1] On 1.9.2013 P.W.8 Ramesh Yede and P.W.14
    RajendrakumarTiwariwereonpetrollingdutyintheforestareaof
    ChhattisgarhandborderofMaharashtra.Theyreceivedmessageon
    their mobile phone that accused in C.R.no.3017/2013 of Police
    Station,AheriwereinRaipurareaandtheywereproceedingtowards
    DevrifromRaipur.
    2] Thereafter P.W.8 Ramesh and P.W.14 Rajendrakumar
    proceeded towards Devri by four wheeler and when they reached
    theretheycametoknowthatwantedaccusedinC.R.no.3017/2013
    proceeded towards Chichgad Tpoint. Thereafter they went to
    Chichgad Tpoint where they found two persons i.e. accused no.4
    Prashant and no.5 Vijay in suspicious circumstances and their
    descriptionwassameasgiventothembyAheriPoliceStation.
    3] P.W.8RameshandP.W.14Rajendrakumararrestedaccusedno.4
    Prashantandno.5Vijayandtheyfoundinpossessionofaccusedno.4
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    Prashantpapersrelatingtonaxalliterature.Hence,theytookthemto
    Chichgad Police Station and made station diary entry in Chichgad
    PoliceStationatExh.275Cwhichisfiledonrecordonwhichtimeis
    mentionedas5.00p.m.andthereaftertheyproceededtoAheri. To
    thateffectletterisfiledonrecordatExh.241.
    4] They reached to Aheri Police Station by four wheeler vehicle
    earlymorningon02092013andtheyhandedoverthecustodyof
    accusedno.4Prashantandno.5VijaytoP.W.11SuhasBawche.
    5] The evidence of P.W.11 Suhas Bawche shows that he took
    personalsearchof accusedno.4Prashantandno.5Vijayandfrom
    possession of accused no.4 Prashant eight papers relating to naxal
    literature, typewritten document, Dainik Bhaskar dated 1.9.2013,
    YatricardfromDelhitoRaipurandotherarticleswereseizedunder
    thepanchanamaExh.179andfrompossessionofaccusedno.5Vijay
    TirkiDainikBhaskardated1.9.2013andotherarticleswereseized
    under the panchanama Exh.180 and the time mentioned in
    panchanama Exh.179 is 6.15 a.m. and the time mentioned in
    panchanamaExh.180is6.30a.m.
    6] The evidence of P.W.11 Suhas Bawche and P.W.13 Ganesh
    Rathodshowsthaton2.9.2013P.W.11Suhasdepositedarticlesseized
    fromaccusedno.4and5intheMalkhanaofAheriP.S.Tothateffect
    entryisatExh.276B. Inviewofaboveunimpeachableevidenceon
    record a stray admission given by panch witness P.W.3 Umaji that
    panchanamawaspreparedineveningtimecannotbeconsidered.

    654] ThelearnedAdvocateShriGadlingandSamaddarfurther

    arguedthatpanchanama(Exh.179)wasnotpreparedonthespotat

    ChichgadTpoint. Butitistobenotedthatastheoffenceagainst
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    accusedisunderUAPAandinvestigationistobecarriedoutbySDPO,

    hence as per direction of SDPO Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas

    BawchereceivedontelephonetheP.W.14RajendrakumarTiwaritook

    accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and accused no.5 Vijay Tirki to Aheri.

    Hence, nondrawing of panchanama at Chichgad Tpoint regarding

    arrestofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiandaccusedno.5VijayTirkion

    thespotisnotfataltotheprosecution.Theprosecutionhasproved

    beyondreasonabledoubtthataccusedno.4Prashantandno.5Vijay

    werearrestedon1.9.2013ineveningandtheywereproducedbefore

    P.W.11SuhasSDPOAherion2.9.2013at6.15a.m.andincriminating

    articles were seized from their possession under the panchanama

    Exh.179and180. Hence,thecaselawcitedby learnedAdvocate

    Shri Gadling on behalf of accused no.1 to 4 and 6 in the case of

    Pradeep Narayan Madgaonkar & ors vs State of Maharashtra

    1995 SCC (Cri)708 cited supra and case law cited by learned

    AdvocateShriSamaddaronbehalfofaccusedno.5VijayTirkiinthe

    case of Ramu v State of Maharashtra reported in 2011 (1)

    Mh.L.J.(Cri.)1461 citedsupraisnotapplicabletothefactsofthe

    present case and the prosecution has proved that accused no.4

    Prashantandno.5VijaywerearrestedatDevriChichgadTpointand

    theywereproducedbeforeAheriP.S.atabout6.15a.m.andfrom

    theirpossessionincriminatingarticlesasdiscussedabovewereseized

    underseizurepanchanamaExh.179and180.
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    SANCTION

    655] Nowitisnecessarytoseewhetherthesanctioninrespect
    ofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNarote,no.3HemMishra,
    no.4PrashantRahiandno.5VijayTirkiinSessionscaseno.13/2014
    isvalidlyaccorded.

    EVIDENCE

    656] To prove grant of sanction for offences under UAPA in


    respect of accused nos.1 to 5 in Sessions Case No.13/2014, the
    prosecutionhasreliedontheevidenceof

    i) InvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.11)atExh.235;and
    ii) SanctioningAuthorityAmitabhRajan(P.W.19)atExh.355

    657] InthisrespectInvestigatingOfficerSuhasBawche(P.W.11)
    in his examination stated that on 122014 he issued letter for
    obtainingsanctiontoprosecutetheaccusedinCrimeNo.3017/2013
    under UAPA. The said letter is at Exh.265. The proposal was
    submitted to Addl.S.P. Aheriand throughhim,it wassubmittedto
    Government, Home Department, State of Maharashtra and he
    suppliedallcopiesofchargesheetalongwiththesaidproposal.On
    1522014hereceivedsanctionorderbyFaxfromHomeDepartment,
    Mantralaya and after receiving the sanction order alongwith all
    papers,hefiledchargesheetagainstaccusedno.1to5inthecourtof
    JMFCAheri.Hereceivedoriginalcopyofthesanctionorderdated15
    22014on2422014andsubmittedinthecourton2622014.The
    saidSanctionorderisatExh.17.
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    658] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counselonthispointofsanction.Incrossexaminationheadmitted
    that there is no letter on record requesting sanction under his
    signatureandpermissionwassoughtbyShrirame.

    659] P.W.19 Dr.Amitabh Rajan is Additional Chief Secretary


    (Home), State of Maharashtra and Sanctioning Authority who
    grantedsanctioninSessionCaseno.13/2014.Inhisexaminationhe
    hasstatedthathisofficereceivedtheproposalfromAdditionalD.G.
    incharge of Special Operation Maharashtra Police Directorate in
    relationtothiscrimeon7th February,2014andonthesamedayhe
    sent it to Director of Public Prosecutor, Maharashtra State for
    independentassessmentandopinionvideletteratExh.356andafter
    getting the independent review from incharge Directorate of
    Prosecution at Exh.358, he received the file on 1422014 for
    accordingsanctionalongwithallinvestigationpapers,chargesheet,
    calenderofeventsandopinionofDirectorofPublicProsecutorand
    around257pages.

    660] Hetookthesaidfiletohishomeforstudyandreadthe
    same up to 1422014 and after going through all investigation
    papers, particularly CFSL report, soft copies of the electronic data,
    hard copies of mirror images containing in the electronic gadgets
    Article1to41,hecametotheconclusionthattherewasconspiracy
    between accused no. 1 to 6 (Mahesh Tirki, Pandu Narote, Hem
    Mishra,PrashantRahi,VijayTirkiandG.N.Saibaba)bymeetingof
    mind and they concealed their identity and he considered the
    confessionalstatementsofAtramandtheseizureofarticles,16GB
    memorycard,whichwasseizedfromaccusedno.3HemMishraand
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    accorded sanction against accused no.1 to 5 (Mahesh Tirki, Pandu


    Narote,HemMishra,PrashantRahiandVijayTirki)u/s13,18,20,
    38,39ofUAPAandasaccusedno.6Saibabawasnotarrestedbythat
    time, sanction was not accorded against him. Thereafter, he
    recommendedthesanctionandfilewassubmittedtotheMinisterof
    HomeforapprovalofthefileandafterreceiptofthefilefromHome
    Minister,heissuedSanctionOrderatExh.17.

    661] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel. Inhiscrossexaminationhestatedthathedidnotseeany
    notes,buthehadgonethroughthesanctionorderfromtheofficeof
    Ravindra Kadam, Inspector General of Police, Nagpur Range. He
    statedthatitisnotreflectedinanydocumentonrecordtoshowthat
    the documents at Exh. 356, 357, 358, Exh. 17 and Exh. 16 were
    producedbeforehimbyDIGMr.RavindraKadam.Headmittedthat
    itisnotmentionedinExh.17thathereceivedtherecommendation
    fromDirectorofPublicProsecutionandthereisnomentionthaton
    1322014filewassubmittedtoSectionOfficer,DeputySecretaryLaw
    andSecretary(Special),HomeDepartmentandthereafteron142
    2014 he received the file for according sanction alongwith all
    investigation papers, calender of events and opinion of Director of
    PublicProsecutionandaround257pages.Headmittedthatitisnot
    mentionedinExh.17thathetookthesaidfileathishomeandhe
    readthefileintheearlymorningandintheafternoonsessionon14
    22014. Headmittedthaton1522014at200p.m.thefilewas
    senttoHomeMinisteranditcamefromMinisterat1130p.m. to
    himinonesealedcoverbyonepersonfromMinisterandShriR.R.
    Patil,thethenHomeMinister,ofMaharashtraGovernmenthadsent
    thefiletohimandthesaidapprovalisstillinthefilepertainstothe
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    Sanction (Exh.17) and it is not mentioned in the sanction order


    Exh.17 that they had ever received the approval from the Cabinet
    Minister. Witnessvoluntarilysaidthatitisonlysignedbyhim.He
    admittedthatthenhewenttotheofficeandsignedthesanctionorder
    onbehalfoftheStateGovernmentbefore1200p.m.inthenight.

    662] Headmittedthathehadgonethroughthestatementof
    accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotebeforeaccording
    sanctionwhichwastakenbeforeMagistrateanditisapartofthe
    recordthathecametotheconclusionthaton2282013accusedno.
    1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotehadbeentoBallarshaRailway
    Stationandhecannotrememberwhetheritwasinthestatementof
    anywitness.Headmittedthatconsideringthevoluminousrecord,he
    cannotsaythatitisapartofstatementofanywitnessandhecould
    notpointoutthestatementandaccordingtohimitispartofthecase
    diaryandhefurtheradmittedthathecannotsaywhetherhecameto
    theconclusionfromstatementofanywitnesstoshowthataccused
    no.4 Prashant Rahi was the member of CPI Maoist. Witness
    voluntarilystatedthathewouldconfirmthisfactfromtherecordof
    the case and he cannot say from which record he came to such
    conclusion.Headmittedthathecametoconclusionthatmicrochip
    was handed over to accused no.3 Hem Mishra by accused no.6
    Saibabafromcallrecordsandthereisnostatementonrecordtoshow
    that accused no. 6 Saibaba had ever handed over microchip to
    accusedno.3HemMishra,however,witnessvoluntarilystatedthathe
    cametotheconclusionfromcallrecordandCFSLreportregarding16
    GBmemorycardandmirrorimagesofelectronicrecordseizedfrom
    accused no.6 Saibaba. He admitted that there is nostatement on
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    recordtoshowthataccusedno.6Saibabahaddirectedaccusedno.3
    HemMishratogotoBallarsha,however,witnessvoluntarilystated
    that he came to the conclusion from call record and CFSL report
    regardingto16GBmemorycard andmirrorimagesofelectronic
    recordseizedfromaccusedno.6Saibaba.Headmittedthatthereisno
    statementonrecordtoshowthataccusedno.6SaibabagaveMaoist
    documents to accused no. 4 Prashant Rahi to be delivered to the
    underground cadres of CPI Maoist in Abujamad forest, however,
    witnessvoluntarilystatedthathecametotheconclusionfromcall
    recordandCFSLreportregardingto16GBmemorycardandmirror
    imagesofelectronicrecordseizedfromaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    663] He denied that he did not go through the process of


    accordingsanctionandhedidnotgothroughanymaterialanditis
    typed order placed by the police authority and he merely signed
    withoutapplicationofmind.Hedeniedthathedeposedfalselythat
    hereceivedsanctionorderfromMinisterandthereafterhesignedit.
    Hedeniedthathehadaccordedsanctionwithoutapplicationofmind
    andhisofficehadfabricatedthedocumentsExh.356,357,358,Exh.
    17&Exh.16andpolicehadpreparedthesanctionorderandhehad
    onlysignedonit.Hedeniedthattherewasnoroleofaccusedno.5
    VijayTirkiinthepresentcase.

    Sanction in respect of accused no.6 Saibaba in Sessions case


    no.130/2015

    664] To prove grant of sanction to prosecute accused no.6


    SaibabaforoffencesunderUAPAinSessionsCaseno.130/2015,the
    prosecutionhasreliedontheevidenceof
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    i)P.W.23S.D.P.O.RameshDhumalatExh.414;and
    ii) P.W.18 Sanctioning Authority Kalyaneshwar
    BakshiatExh.345

    665] P.W.23isRameshMalhariDhumalwhowasDy.S.P.Aheri,
    in his evidence at Exh.414 has stated that he had received
    investigationinthisCr.No.3017/2013on1662014andon322015
    he sought sanction from the Home Department of State of
    Maharashtraforprosecutingtheaccusedno.6G.N.Saibabathrough
    S.P.Gadchiroli.HereceivedsanctionfromtheHomeDepartmentand
    included the papers of sanction in the chargesheet and filed
    supplementarychargesheetagainstaccusedG.N.Saibabaon3011
    2015.

    666] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythedefencecounsel
    onthispoint.Inhiscrossexaminationhedeniedthathedidnotget
    sanctionfromtheHomeDepartmentanddidnotfilesupplementary
    chargesheetagainstG.N.Saibabaon30112015.

    667] Shri Kalyaneshwar Bakshi (P.W. 18) is Additional Chief


    Secretary, Home Department of State of Maharashtra in his
    examinationatExh.345statedaboutprocedurefollowedbyhimfor
    grantofsanctioninrespectofaccusedno.6SaibabainSessionsCase
    no.130/2015.Hestatedthatfrom31 stDecember,2014tilldateofhis
    evidence he has been working as the Additional Chief Secretary,
    HomeDepartment,StateofMaharashtra,BombayandinCrimeno.
    3017/2013ofPoliceStation,Aherihereceivedproposalforgrantof
    sanctioninrespectofaccusedno.6Saibaba.Hestatedthatinitially
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    saidproposalwasreceivedtoDeputySecretaryofhisdepartmentand
    thereaftersaidproposaldirectlycametohimforexaminationfrom
    DeputySecretaryandon15.2.2015hisregistryreceivedproposaland
    thereafter,on2622015hemarkedthesaidfiletoDirectorofPublic
    Prosecutor,StateofMaharashtraforindependentreview.Thecopyof
    theletterisatExh.346.

    668] He stated that on 4th March, 2015 he received the


    independent review from Director of Public Prosecutor along with
    covering letter at Exh.347 and the review report at Exh.348 and
    thereafter,heindependentlyreviewedtheproposalofsanction. He
    stated that he had gone through all the documents i.e. search
    warrant,investigationpapersalongwithchargesheet,CFSLreport,
    hardcopiescertifiedbyCFSLBombay,allseizurepanchanamas,arrest
    panchanamasofaccusedandallotherpapersofinvestigationwhich
    weresubmittedtohimandthereafter,hehadgonethroughallthe
    papersandtheindependentreviewopinionsubmittedbyDirectorof
    PublicProsecutor, Bombay. Hestatedthathereadoverthemain
    pagesofhardcopiescontaining247pagesandaftergoingthrough
    documents,hesubjectivelysatisfiedthattherewasprimafaciecase
    againstaccusedno.6Saibabaforoffencepunishableu/s13,18,20,
    38and39oftheUAPAct1967.Hence,hepassedsanctionorderat
    Exh.349forprosecutionagainstaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    669] Thiswitnesswascrossexaminedbythelearneddefence
    counsel. In crossexamination he admitted that the number NAX
    0214/CR37isanumberoffilerelatedtothesanctionorderExh.349
    whichwassoughtbySDPORameshDhumal(P.W.23)on3.2.2015.
    Headmittedthathehadnotmentionedthereferenceofanyletter
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    received from SDPO Aheri or S.P., Gadchiroli for seeking sanction


    (Exh.349).HedidnotrecollectwhetherhehadreceivedStatement
    ofAccusedu/s164ofCr.P.C.forgrantingsanction.Headmittedthat
    ChapterIIIofUAPAdealswithactivitiesofunlawfulassociationand
    after going through the notification he came to know that CPI
    (Maoist)andtheirfrontalorganisationlikeRevolutionaryDemocratic
    Front(RDF)aredeclaredasunlawfulassociation.Hestatedthathe
    had gone throughallinvestigationpapersalongwithchargesheet,
    CFSLreportandindependentreviewbyDirectorofPublicProsecutor.
    HeadmittedthathehadtakenchargeofAdditionalChiefSecretary
    Officeron31stDecember,2014andaccordedsanctionforthefirst
    timeandhedoesnotrememberwhetherhehasgrantedanysanction
    thereafterunderUAPA.

    670] He admitted that in sanction order it is not mentioned


    that he had referred investigation papers to Director of Public
    Prosecutor,Bombayforreviewingtheaspectandhehadconsidered
    his review report before according sanction. He admitted that he
    came across with the statements of prosecution witnesses showing
    thatattheinstanceofaccusedno.6Saibaba,accusednos.1Mahesh
    andno.2PanduhadgonetoBallarshaon22.8.2013butsaidfactis
    notreflectedinthestatementsofanywitnessanditisreflectedinthe
    casediary.Headmittedthathewassuppliedcopyofsanctionorder
    issuedbyAmitabhRajaninrespectofotheraccused.

    671] Hedeniedthathedidnotreceiveanylettereitherfrom
    SDPOAheriorfromS.P.,Gadchiroliforseekingsanctionandhedid
    not receive any chargesheet or police papers before granting
    sanction.Hedeniedthathedidnotgothroughthenotificationand
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    without going through the provision of law he accorded sanction


    againstaccusedno.6Saibaba. Hedeniedthathisdepartmentnever
    addressedanylettertoDirectorofPublicProsecutorforreviewand
    hedidnotreceiveanyreviewreportfromthemanditisnotreflected
    insanctionorder(Exh.349). Hedeniedthathewasgivensanction
    orderissuedbyAmitabhRajanandhence,bydeletingthenameof
    otheraccusedheaddedthenameofSaibabaandpresentSanction
    Orderisissuedmechanicallywithoutapplicationofmind.

    672] Hedeniedthathedidnotreceiveproposalofsanctionin
    respectofaccusedno.6G.N.Saibabaandthattheproposalfirstcame
    to the Registration Department of Mantralaya, thereafter the said
    proposalisforwardedtotheconcerneddeskandfromconcerneddesk
    toDeputySecretaryandthereaftertheproposaldirectlycametohim
    forexaminationfromDeputySecretaryandon1522015registrydid
    notreceivetheproposalandon2622015hedidnotmarkthesaid
    file to Director of Public Prosecutor for independent review. He
    deniedthatasperhisoraldirectionhisofficehasnotforwardedthe
    proposal to Director of Public Prosecutor for independent review
    beforeplacingthesamebeforehim. Hedeniedthaton4 th March,
    2015 he did not receive the independent review from Director of
    PublicProsecutoralongwithcoveringletteraddressedtoJayantBhoir
    andindependentreviewisfiledonrecordanditisdulyattestedby
    him. He denied that all documents including search warrant,
    investigation papers along with chargesheet, CFSL report, hard
    copiesofcertifiedbyCFSLBombay,allseizurepanchanamas,arrest
    panchanamasandallotherpaperswerenotsubmittedtohimandhe
    didnotstudythefileandhedidnotgothroughallthedocuments.
    Hedeniedthathedidnotgothroughtheindependentreviewgiven
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    byDirectorofPublicProsecutor,Bombayanddidnotreadoverthe
    main pages of hard copies containing 247 pages and after going
    throughdocuments,hedidnotsatisfythatthereisaprimafaciecase
    againstaccusedfortheoffencepunishableu/s13,18,20,38&39of
    theUAPAct1967andhedidnotcometotheconclusionthatitisafit
    case to grant sanction for prosecution against accused no.6 G.N.
    Saibabaandhedidnotpassthesanctionorderagainstaccusedno.6
    G.N.Saibabaon6thApril,2015.

    673] Learned defence counsel Shri Gadling had filed an


    applicationatExh.466forcallingoforiginalrecordrelatingtogrant
    of sanction in Sessions case no.13/2014 and Sessions case
    no.130/2015.Thesaidapplicationwasallowedandprosecutionwas
    directedtoproduceoriginalpapersrelatingtograntofsanctionin
    Sessions case no.13/2014 and Sessions case no.130/2015. In
    pursuanceofsaidorderprosecutionhasproducedonrecordoriginal
    papersrelatingtograntofsanctioninSessionscaseno.13/2014and
    Sessions case no.130/2015. The said original files are filed along
    withlistofdocumentsatExh.474.Theoriginalfilerelatingtogrant
    ofsanctioninrespectofSessionsCaseNo.13/2014againstaccused
    no.1to5contains1189pages.Theoriginalfileforgrantofsanction
    in respect of Sessions Case No.130/2015 against accused no.6
    Saibabacontains377pages.

    ArgumentofSpl.P.P.ShriSathianathanonSanction

    674] LearnedSpecialP.P.ShriSathianathansubmittedthatthe
    sanction was validly accorded in respect of accused no.1 to 5 in
    SessionsCaseno.13/2014andinrespectofaccusedno.6Saibabain
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    Sessions Case no.130/2015. He submitted that the provisions of


    Section13,18,20,38,39ofUAPAreadwithSection120BofIPCare
    primafacieattractedagainstaccusednos.1to6anditisclearfrom
    thedatacontainedintext,videoclipsandphotographsinelectronic
    gadgets (Article 1 to 41) i.e. CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddiscs,
    memorycardseizedfromhousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaunder
    seizurepanchanamaatExh.165and16GBmemorycardseizedfrom
    the personal search of accused no.3 Hem Mishra under seizure
    panchanamaatExh.137(Art.A17toA21).Thedatacontainedin
    text form is relating to writings, letters addressed to Comrades,
    Secretary report, reports regarding meetings in respect of
    Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF), a frontal organisation of
    bannedorganisationCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)andthesaid
    datacontainedintext,audio,videoformwasusedbyaccusednos.1
    to 6 for circulation to the underground naxal in forest area of
    Gadchiroli district for promoting and advocating the ideology of
    bannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationfrom
    RDFandtherebytocreateviolenceandincitementtothepeopleand
    tocausepublicdisorder. Hesubmittedthatthisfactisalsoproved
    from the evidence of Raju Atram (P.W.9) and further from
    confessional statements of accused no.1 Mahesh and no.2 Pandu
    whichisrecordedbyJMFC,Aheri,NileshwarVyas(P.W.12).

    675] He submitted that the mirror copies of electronic data


    retrievedfromelectronicgadgetsseizedfromthepersonalsearchof
    accusedno.3HemMishraandfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibabaintheformofaudio,videoandtextweresenttosanctioning
    authority by the Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche. P.W.18
    Kalyaneshwar Bakshi and P.W.19 Dr.Amitabh Rajan in their
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    examination categorically stated that before grant of sanction they


    had gone through all incriminating materials supplied to them i.e.
    investigation papers, F.I.R., chargesheets, statement of witnesses,
    panchnamas, confessional statements of accused no.1 Mahesh and
    no.2 Pandu, soft copies of data contained in text form in 16 GB
    memorycardatExh.266andthedatacontainedinPagenos.1to247
    whichwascollectivelymarkedatExh.267andotherdocumentsand
    thereaftertheycametotheconclusionthattherewasprimafaciecase
    againstaccusednos.1to6fortheoffencepunishableunderSections
    13,18,20,38,39ofUAPAreadwithSection120BoftheIPCand
    sanctionatExh.17wasaccordedafterapplicationofmindinrespect
    of accused no.1 to 5 in Sessions Case no.13/2014 and thereafter
    sanction order (Exh.349) was accorded in respect of accused no.6
    SaibabainSessionsCaseno.130/2015.

    676] Spl.P.P. Shri Sathainathan submitted that in the present


    case,twochargesheetshavefiledbytheprosecution. Investigating
    Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche filed original chargesheet against
    accusedno.1to5andthesessionscasewasregisteredasSessions
    Case no.13/2014 and thereafter P.W.23 PSI Ramesh Dhumal filed
    supplementary chargesheet against accused no.6 Saibaba and
    SessionsCaseNo.130/2015wasregistered.Hesubmittedthatinthis
    matterinitiallyFIRwaslodgedagainstaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,
    no.2PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishraandduringinterrogation
    withaccusedno.3HemMishrainvolvementofaccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahiwasrevealedandaccusedno.4PrashantRahiwasarrestedalong
    with accused no.5 Vijay Tirki and from interrogation with accused
    no.3 Hem Mishra and accused no.4 Prashant Rahi involvement of
    accusedno.6Saibabawasrevealedandhence,subsequentlyaccused
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    no.6Saibabawasarrested.Hefurthersubmittedthatasaccusedno.6
    Saibabaisthinktankandhighprofileleaderofbannedorganisation
    CPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDFhecouldnotbearrested
    becauseofagitationmadebypeopleandthisfactisclearfromthe
    evidenceofInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawche.Investigating
    Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawchein hisexaminationclearlystatedthat
    duringearlieroccasiontill26.2.2014theytriedtoarrestaccusedno.6
    Saibaba and at that time, accused no.6 Saibaba called his party
    membersandcreatedlawandorderproblemandhence,theycould
    notarresthimearlier.

    677] He submitted that Suhas Bawche (P.W.11) obtained the


    arrest warrant of accused no.6 Saibaba from JMFC, Aheri on
    26.2.2014 and then accused no.6 Saibaba came to be arrested by
    P.W.11 Suhas Bawche after filing of the original chargesheet in
    S.C.No.13/2014. He submitted that in Session case no.13/2014
    proposal was sent by Suhas Bawche (P.W.11), SDPO, Aheri on
    1.2.2014anditwasreceivedbyHomeDepartmenton7.2.2014and
    tothateffectSuhasBawche(P.W.11)inhisexaminationdeposedthat
    hehassentproposalthroughSuperintendentofPolice,Gadchirolion
    1.2.2014. The said proposal was received by Home Department of
    Maharashtraon7.2.2014andfurtherDr.AmitabhRajan(P.W.19)in
    hisexaminationhasstatedthathisofficereceivedtheproposalfrom
    Addl.D.G.i/cofspecialoperationMaharashtraPoliceDirectoratein
    relationtograntofsanctionagainstaccusednos.1to5 in Sessions
    Caseno.13/2014on7thFebruary,2014videletter(Exh.356)andon
    thesamedayhesentittoDirectorofPublicProsecution,Maharashtra
    Stateforindependentassessmentandopinionandon11.2.2014his
    office received the independent review report (Exh.358) from I/c
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    DirectorofPublicProsecution,MaharashtraStatealongwithcovering
    letter(Exh.357)andon15.2.2014sanction(Exh.17)wasaccordedto
    prosecuteaccusednos.1to5inSessionsCaseno.13/2014.

    678] Hesubmittedthatproposalforgrantofsanctioninrespect
    ofaccusedno.6SaibabainSessionsCaseno.130/2015wassoughtby
    RameshDhumal(P.W.23)on3.2.2015 anditwasreceivedbyHome
    Departmenton15.2.2015andtothateffectRameshDhumal(P.W.23)
    inhisexaminationdeposedthaton322015hesoughtsanctionfrom
    HomeDepartmentofStateofMaharashtratoprosecutetheaccused
    no.6G.N.Saibaba.Further,onthepointofaccordingofsanctionto
    prosecuteaccusedno.6Saibaba,KalyaneshwarBakshi(P.W.18)inhis
    examinationatExh.345statedthatinCrimeno.3017/2013ofPolice
    Station,Aherihereceivedproposalforgrantofsanctioninrespectof
    accusedno.6G.N.Saibabaandthereafter,on2622015hemarked
    thesaidfiletoDirectorofPublicProsecutor,StateofMaharashtrafor
    independentreviewvideletteratExh.346andon4 thMarch,2015he
    receivedtheindependentreviewfromDirectorofPublicProsecutor
    along with covering letter at Exh.347 and the review report at
    Exh.348 and thereafter he independently reviewed the proposal of
    sanction and after going through all the documents he accorded
    sanction(Exh.349)andsentthesamevideletterExh.350.

    679] Spl. P.P. Shri Sathianathan further submitted that on


    perusalofproposalforsanctionthesanctioningauthorityfoundthat
    therewasprimfaciecaseagainstaccusednos.1to6andthisfactis
    crystalclearfromthescheduleExh.17annexedtoSanctionOrderand
    inthescheduleitisclearlymentionedthattherewasprimafaciecase
    againstaccusednos.1to6butbecauseofthefactthataccusedno.6
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    Saibabawasnotarrestedthesanctionwasnotgrantedbythattime.
    However,onperusalofsaidScheduleitrevealsthatprimafaciecase
    wasfoundagainstaccusedno.1to6forgrantofsanctionanditwas
    never intention of the Government/SanctioningAuthoritytorefuse
    sanctiontoprosecuteaccusedno.6Saibaba.Hence,thoughsanction
    atExh.349againstaccusedno.6Saibabawasgrantedafterframingof
    chargeatExh.66inSessionCaseNo.13/2014becauseofsubsequent
    arrest of accused no.6 Saibaba, the evidence of witnesses was
    recorded in presence of accused no.6 Saibaba and other accused
    persons.Hence,noprejudiceiscausedtoaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    680] Hesubmittedthattheprosecutionhasfiledapplicationat
    Exh.151 on 14.12.2015 for recalling of P.W.1 Santosh Bawne as
    sanctionorderwasfiledbytheInvestigationOfficerinSessionCase
    no.13/2014. Tothatapplicationaccusedno.1to6havegivenno
    objectionandthereafterevidenceofP.W.1SantoshBawnewasagain
    recordedafresh. Thedefencehasnottakenobjectionofabsenceof
    sanctionwhiletakingcognizanceatthetimeofframingofchargeand
    the matter had gone to High Court and Supreme Court. On the
    contrary,theyhavegivennoobjectionforrerecordingtheevidenceof
    panchwitnessP.W.1SantoshBawne.Hence,noprejudiceiscausedto
    thedefenceandinviewofprovisionsofSection465ofCr.P.C.,the
    trialisnotvitiatedonthesegrounds.Therewasmisconceptionoflaw
    inthemindofSanctioningAuthoritythatthearrestofaccusedno.6is
    thepreconditiontograntsanction.

    681] He submitted that, on perusal of schedule attached to


    sanction order at Exh.17 accorded by Amitabh Rajan (P.W.19) it
    reveals that Sanctioning Authority came to the conclusion that
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    accusednos.1to6beingtheactivemembersofbannedorganisation
    conspiredtogether toaidandabettheterroristactivitiesofbanned
    terroristorganisationcalledasCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)and
    itsfrontalorganisationRDFandaccusednos.1and2maintainedlive
    contactwiththeundergroundmembersofCPI(Maoist)Narmadakka
    andatherinstancewenttoBallarshatoreceiveaccusedNo.3Hem
    Mishra who is a member of banned terrorist organisation CPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDFandweretakingthemto
    forestareaatGadchiroliasdirectedbynaxalladyNarmadakkafor
    meetingwithseniormaoistcadrebuttheywerearrestedatsecluded
    placenearAheriBusStand,andaccusedno.6Saibabahandedovera
    microchip 16 GB memory card containing vital Maoist
    communicationsandothermaoistdocumentsintheencryptedform
    withintentiontofurthertheactivitiesofterroristorganisationofCPI
    (Maoist) for circulation with underground naxal members in
    Abuzmadforestareaandthescheduleannexedtothesanctionorder
    clearlyrevealsthattherewasaprimafaciecaseagainstaccusedno.6
    Saibabafortheoffencepunishableu/s13,18,20,38,39ofUAPAr/w
    Sec.120B of IPC and there was no intention on the part of
    Government to refuse sanction at any point of time and it can be
    assumedfromfirstsanctionorderatExh.17thattherewasaprima
    faciecaseagainstaccusedno.6Saibabaandsubsequentissuanceof
    sanctionorderdoesnotinvalidatethesatisfactionoftheSanctioning
    Authorityaboutfindingofprimafaciecaseagainstaccusedno.6for
    the offence punishable u/s 13, 18, 20, 38, 39 of UAPA. The
    SanctioningAuthorityKalyaneshwarBakshi(P.W.18)grantedsanction
    inrespectofSessionsCaseno.130/2015toavoidtechnicalitiesafter
    thearrestofaccusedno.6Saibaba.
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    682] Spl.P.P. Shri Sathainathan further submitted that at the


    timeofgrantingsanction,theSanctioningAuthorityisnotsupposed
    toevaluatetheevidencebutithastoconsideronlyprimafaciecase
    and on going through the material placed before Sanctioning
    Authorityespecially,mirrorimage,confessionofaccusednos.1and2
    aprimafaciecaseu/s13,18,20,38,39ofUAPAwasmadeoutand
    thesanctionisvalidlyaccordedinrespectofaccusednos.1to6and
    hesubmittedthatthefirstsanctionorderissuedbyAmitabhRajan
    (P.W.19) at Exh.17 should be considered as sanction for all the
    accusedno1to6inspiteofthefactthattoavoidtechnicalitiesP.W.18
    Kalyaneshwar Bakshi accorded sanction vide Exh.349 in respect of
    accusedno.6Saibaba.

    683] HefurthersubmittedthatundertheprovisionsofSection
    45(2) of the UAPA and by issuance of Government Notification
    No.TER410PK216 dated 26th May, 2010, the Government of
    MaharashtraappointedtheDirectorofPublicProsecutorisauthorized
    to review the proposal for grant of sanction. As such Director of
    Public Prosecutor, Maharashtra State has been designated as an
    independent authority to review the proposal of sanction. Hence,
    complianceofSection45(2)ofUAPAhasbeenmade.However,there
    is delay of few days for grant of sanction in Sessions Case
    No.130/2015thatdoesnotvitiatethetrialastheprovisionsofthese
    Rulesarenotmandatoryandtheyaredirectoryinnature.Insupport
    of his submission he placed reliance on the judgment of the
    Honourable High Court of Bombay in case of Mohammed Bilal
    Gulam Rasul Kagzi .vs. The State of Maharashtra and ors.,
    CriminalApplicationNo.1256of2011decidedon19.12.2012.
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    684] HesubmittedthattheoffencepunishableunderSection
    13ofUAPAwhichisfallingunderChapterIIIofUAPA,theAssistant
    Chief Secretary (Home) is a competent authoritytogrant sanction
    andinsupportofhissubmissionhereliedonGovernmentGazette
    Notification dated 21st June, 2007 which is issued under the
    provisionsofSection45(i)oftheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act
    1967 (37 of 1967), whereby the Additional Secretary of Home
    Departmentweredesignatedascompetentauthoritytograntsanction
    foroffencefallsunderchapterIIIofUAPA.

    685] Forallabovegroundshesubmittedthatavalidsanction
    has been granted by Sanctioning Authorities in respect of accused
    nos.1to6byapplicationofmindandaftergoingthroughthematerial
    placedbeforethem. Insupportofhissubmissionheplacedreliance
    onthejudgmentofState(NCTofDelhi)vs.NavjotSandhu(2005)
    reportedin11SCC600inwhichtheHon'bleApexCourtinParaNo.
    16 hasconsideredprocedureforaccordingsanctionwhereinithas
    beenheldthatthegrantofsanctionisanexecutiveactandvalidity
    thereofcannotberestedinthelightofprinciplesappliedtoquasi
    judicialorders.

    ArgumentofAdvocateShriGadlingonthepointofSanction

    686] On the other hand, learned Advocate Shri Gadling for


    accusednos.1to4and6hassubmittedthatinparano.1ofExh.355
    P.W.19 Dr. Amitabh Rajan has stated that he was Home Secretary,
    MaharashtraintherankofAdditionalChiefSecretary(Home)from
    14th March, 2012 till his retirement i.e. 31122014 and his office
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    received the proposal from Addl. D.G. i/c of Special Operation


    Maharashtra Police Directorate in relation to this crime on 7 th
    February,2014andwhentheSectionOfficerreceivedthesame,on
    thesamedayhesentittoDirectorofPublicProsecution,Maharashtra
    State for independent assessment and opinion vide Exh.356 was
    received by Director of Public Prosecution, Mumbai and on 11 th
    February,2014hisofficereceivedtheindependentreviewreportfrom
    I/cDirectorateofProsecution,MaharashtraStateundersignatureof
    VidyaGundechaalongwithcoveringletterdated1122014andthe
    reportdated1122014videExh.357and358respectively.

    687] Hesubmittedthatinparano.2ofcrossexaminationthis
    witness stated that the Deputy Secretary of Home (Special) has
    studiedthefileon13.2.2014andputuptoSecretaryofLawHome
    Special Maharashtra Government and thereafter on 14.2.2014 he
    received the file for according sanction. He submitted that this
    witness might have received the file on 14.2.2014 during working
    hours i.e. in between 10.30 a.m. to 5.30 p.m. in the office and
    thereafterhetookthefileforstudytohishome.Ifthisisso,howhe
    studied the file early in the morning on 14.2.2014. Hence, his
    evidenceisfalsethathereadthefileon14.2.2014.Thiswitnesshas
    stated that he had gone through all the investigation papers
    particularly CFSL report, softcopies of the electronic data, mirror
    imagesofhardcopiescontainingtheelectronicgadgetsandthereafter
    hecametoconclusionthatthereisconspiracybetweenaccusedno.1
    to6. ButtheproposalofsanctionwhichwassentbyAheriPolice
    Station does not indicate that the CFSL report, softcopies of the
    electronic data, mirror images of hardcopies were sent to P.W.19
    AmitabhRajan.
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    688] Hesubmittedthatevidenceofthiswitnessrevealsthat16
    GBmemorycardwassenttoCFSLbuttheproposalofsanctiondoes
    notindicatethat16GBmemorycardwassenttoCFSL.Theevidence
    ofP.W.11SuhasBawcheshowsthathemadeproposalforgrantof
    sanctionagainstAccusednos.1to6however,theevidenceofP.W.19
    AmitabhRajanshowsthathegrantedsanctioninrespectofaccused
    nos.1 to 5 only and the sanction in respect of accused no.6 was
    withheld only on the ground that he was not arrested. It is well
    settled that cognizance is to be taken of the offence and not of
    offenderandthisshowsthatheisnotknowingtheprovisionsoflaw.

    689) He submitted that from the letter sent by P.W.11 Suhas


    Bawcheitshowsthathehassentthedraftsanctionorderalongwith
    calendereventandthesanctioningauthorityhasmerelyaccordedthe
    sanctionandthereafteritwassenttoAheriPoliceStationby letter
    dated6.4.2015atExh.350askingthemwhetherthereanycorrection
    istobemadeinthesanctionorder.Thisshowsthatthesanctioning
    authorityhasnotappliedthemindtothesanctioninthecase.

    690] He submitted that in the schedule at Exh.17 it is


    mentioned that accused no.1 Mahesh and no.2 Pandu went to
    Ballarsha at the instance of naxal lady Narmadakka on 22.8.2014,
    however,intheconfessionalstatementbeforetheMagistrate,accused
    statedthedateas2022andinthesanction22.2.2014ismentioned.
    Hesubmittedthatthiswitnessadmittedincrossexaminationthathe
    cannotsaywhetherhecametotheconclusionfromstatementofany
    witness that accused no.4 Prashant Rahi was the member of CPI
    (Maoist).
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    691] Hesubmittedthatthiswitnesscametotheconclusionthat
    microchipwashandedovertoaccusedno.3HemMishrabyaccused
    no.6Saibababutthereisnosuchstatementonrecordthataccused
    no.6Saibabahandedovermicrochiptoaccusedno.3HemMishrato
    be handedover to the underground naxal and this conclusion is
    baseless and not sustainable and hence, it shows that sanctioning
    authorityhasnotappliedmindwhilegrantingsanction.

    692] He submitted that in para no.1 of crossexamination


    Exh.345 P.W.18 Kalyaneshwar Bakshi has stated that from 31 st
    December,2014hewasworkingasAdditionalChiefSecretary,Home
    Department, State of Maharashtra, Bombay and in Crime no.
    3017/2013ofPoliceStation,Aherihereceivedproposalofsanctionin
    respect of accused no.6 Saibaba and proposal first came to the
    RegistrationDepartmentofMantralaya,thereafterthesaidproposal
    was forwarded tothe concerneddeskandfromconcerneddeskto
    DeputySecretaryandthereaftertheproposaldirectly comestohim
    forexaminationfromDeputySecretaryandon1522015hereceived
    the proposal and on 2622015 he sent file to Director of Public
    Prosecutor for independent review and on 4th March, 2015 he
    receivedtheindependentreviewfromDirectorofPublicProsecutor
    videExh.348. Hesubmittedthatnoneoftheprosecutionwitnesses
    haveidentifiedthesignatureofDirectorofPublicProsecutionassuch
    saiddocumentcannotbereadinevidence. Hesubmittedthatthe
    evidenceofthiswitnessclearlyrevealsthathehadgonethroughall
    the investigation papersparticularlyCFSLreport,softcopiesofthe
    electronicdata,mirrorimagesofhardcopiescontainingtheelectronic
    gadgetsandthereafterhecametoconclusionthatthereisconspiracy
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    betweenaccusedno.1to6.Buttheproposalofsanctionwhichwas
    sentbyAheriPoliceStationdoesnotindicatethattheCFSLreport,
    softcopiesoftheelectronicdata,mirrorimagesofhardcopieswere
    sent to this witness. This shows nonapplication of mind by
    SanctioningAuthority.

    693] He submitted that P.W.No.18 Kalyaneshwar Bakshi


    admittedthatthereisnostatementmentionedonrecordtoshowthat
    accused no.6 Saibaba directed accused no.3 Hem Mishra to go to
    Ballarshaorthereisnostatementofanywitnessonrecordtoshow
    that accused no.6 Saibaba gave maoist literature to accused no.4
    PrashantRahitohandovertoundergroundnaxalsinAbuzmadforest
    inGadchirolianditisevidentfromthefactthatsanctionorderwas
    forwardedbyAheriPoliceStationbykeepingsomespacesblankand
    said blank spaces were filled up by this witness and he sent the
    sanction order to Aheri Police Station. This shows that he never
    appliedmindbeforegrantingsanction.

    694] Hesubmittedthatthereisnothingonrecordtoshowthat
    allthedocumentsweresuppliedtotheDirectorofPublicProsecutor
    beforeindependentreviewandindependentreviewExh.358doesnot
    indicate that there is application of mind by Director of Public
    Prosecution.

    695] He submitted that the sanction order Exh.17 issued by


    P.W.19 Amitabh Rajan in Sessions Case No.13/2014 and sanction
    orderExh.349issuedbyP.W.18KalyaneshwarBakshiinSessionscase
    no.130/2015arecrypticandissuedwithoutapplicationofmindand
    without considering the material placed before these Authorities.
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    Thereisnoreferenceinbothsanctionorders(Exh.17and349)about
    the fact that these sanctioning authorities have gone through
    particular document before according sanction. The said sanction
    ordersareissuedinmechanicalmannerwithoutapplicationofmind.

    696] Hefurthersubmittedthatthereisnomentioninsanction
    order (Exh.349) about the fact that the file was referred for
    independent review to Director of Public Prosecutor which is
    designatedasanauthorityforindependentreviewu/s45ofUAPA.
    HefurthersubmittedthatthesanctionisnotgrantedinbothSession
    CaseNos.13/2014and130/2015withinthetimeprescribedbythe
    provisionsofUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Recommendationand
    SanctionofProsecutionRules,2008.Hefurthersubmittedthatthere
    isnoevidenceonrecordtoshowthatfilewasreferredtotheHome
    Ministerandheaccordedthesanction. Assuchtheprosecutionhas
    not proved the fact that the competent authority has granted the
    sanction.Astheprosecutionhasfailedtoprovethatpropersanction
    wasaccordedagainstaccusednos.1to5inSessionsCaseNo.13/2014
    and against accused no.6 Saibaba in Sessions Case No.130/2015,
    hence,heprayedforacquittalofalltheaccused.

    697] In support of his submission defence counsel placed


    relianceonthefollowingjudgments

    1] Jagannath Maruti Tekade .vs. State of


    Maharashtra reported in 1991 MH.L.J 976,
    whereinitisobservedthat

    Sanction order must pass the requisite test of


    legality if there is no application of mind, the
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    sanction order is vitiated court will have to take


    judicial notice of the fact that in the
    GovernmentSetuptheordersareoftentimes
    drafted out by a department and put up to an
    authorityforsignatureand,therefore,itwouldbe
    extremelydangeroustoconcludeevenif the
    sanctionorderiscorrectlyorperfectlydrafted,that
    theauthoritywhosigneditmusthaveappliedhis
    mindinabsenceofdeposingbeforethecourtthat
    hehadinfactdoneso.

    2] Major Som Nath vs Union of India


    reported in AIR 1971 SC 1910, wherein it is
    observedthat

    Essentialsofsanctionforasanctiontobevalidit
    mustbeestablishedthatthesanctionwasgivenin
    respect of the facts constituting the offence with
    which the accused is proposed to be charged.
    Though, it is desirable that the facts should be
    referredtointhesanctionitself,nonthelessifthey
    do not appear on the face of it, the prosecution
    mustestablishaliundebyevidencethatthosefacts
    wereplacedbeforethesanctioningauthorities.

    3]P.C.JoshiandAnr.vs.StateofUttarPradesh
    reported in AIR1961 SC 387, wherein it is
    observedthat

    Sanction Order Requirement of that


    Sanctioning authority must be shown to have
    appliedhismindtothefactsbeforegivingsanction
    for prosecution Mere production of a document
    which setsoutthenameofthepersonstobe
    prosecutedandtheprovisionsofthestatuealleged
    to be contravened and purporting to bear the
    signature of an officer competent to grant the
    sanction where such sanction is a condition
    precedencetotheexerciseofjurisdictiondoesnot
    investthecourtwithjurisdictiontotrytheoffence.
    If the facts which constitute the charge do not
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    appear on the face of the sanction, it must be


    establish by extraneous evidence that those facts
    were placed before the authority competent to
    grant the sanction and that the authority had
    applied his mind to those facts before giving
    sanction.

    4] Rambhai Nathabhai Gadhvi and Ors. .vs.


    StateofGujrat reported in
    MANU/SC/0859/1997 : AIR 1997 SC 3475,
    whereinit isheldthat:

    AstheprovisionofTADAaremorerigorousandthe
    penalty provided is more stringent and the
    procedure for trial prescribed in summery and
    compendious,theSanctioningprocessmentionedin
    Section 20A(2) must have been adopted more
    seriously and exhaustively than the sanction
    contemplatedinotherpenalstatutes.Iftherewas
    no valid sanction the Designated court gets no
    jurisdiction to try a case against any person
    mentionedinthereportasthecourtisforbidden
    fromtakingcognizanceoftheoffencewithoutsuch
    sanction without a valid sanction, such action is
    without jurisdiction and any proceeding adopted
    thereunderwillalsobewithoutjurisdiction In
    thecaseofManoranjanPrasadChoudary.Vs.State
    ofBihar(2005XXXOCR(SC)370,itisheldthat
    itisalsowellsettledpropositionoflawthatwhere
    thereisnosanctionbythe competent authority,
    theproceedingitselfstandsvitiated.Inviewofthe
    conclusions/ finding reached hereinabove, this
    court is of the considered view that, no
    cognizance could have been taken against the
    petitionersintheabsenceofanyvalidsanctionof
    theprosecutionandthisregard,althoughsanction
    for prosecution had been obtained, yet the same
    wasnotbaseduponareviewbyavalidlyappointed
    authority to carry out independent review of
    evidence obtained in course of investigation.
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    Therefore, the veryfoundationforobtainingsuch


    sanction being not in consonance with law, the
    orderofcognizancedated16.7.2010passedbythe
    learnedJ.M.F.C.BanpurinG.R.Caseno.16of2010
    ought to be quashed and this court directs
    accordingly.(Emphasissupplied)

    5] StateofUPvsBabuRamUpadhayayaAIR
    1961SC751ConstitutionalBench inwhichitis
    heldthat

    Rules, Regulations or byelaws Statutory Rules


    PrinciplesofConstructionofTobepresumedasif
    intheActValidaidofConstruction

    (2)The rulesmust be treatedforallpurposesof


    Constructionorobligationexactlyasiftheywerein
    the act and are to be of the same effect as if
    containedintheact,andaretobejudiciallynoticed
    forallpurposesofconstructionorobligation.

    ConclusiononthepointofSanction

    698] In order to appreciate the evidence adduced by on


    prosecutiononthepointofsanction,itisnecessarytohavelookon
    theprovisionsofSection45oftheUAPA.TheprovisionsofSection
    45ofUAPAarereproducedasunder:

    45.Cognizanceofoffences
    (1)NoCourtshalltakecognizanceofanyoffence

    (i)UnderChapterIIIwithouttheprevioussanctionof
    theCentralGovernmentoranyofficerauthorisedby
    theCentralGovernmentinthisbehalf;
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    (ii) underChaptersIVandVIwithouttheprevious
    oftheCentralGovernmentor,asthecasemaybe,the
    State

    Government, and where such offence is


    committed against the Government of a foreign
    countrywithouttheprevioussanctionoftheCentral
    Government.

    (2) Sanction for prosecution under subsection (1)


    shallbegivenwithinsuchtimeasmaybeprescribed
    only after considering the report of such authority
    appointedbytheCentralGovernmentor,asthecase
    maybe,theStateGovernmentwhichshallmakean
    independentreviewoftheevidencegatheredinthe
    courseofinvestigationandmakearecommendation
    withinsuchtimeasmaybeprescribedtotheCentral
    Governmentor,as the case may be, the State
    Government.(emphasissupplied)

    699] On 31/12/2008, The Unlawful Activities (Prevention)


    Amendment Act, 2008 (Central Act 35 of 2008) came into force
    whereby,Section43DandSection45(2)wereinsertedintheUAP
    Act.ItisalsotobenotedthatTheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)
    (Recommendation and Sanction of Prosecution) Rules 2008, came
    intoforcevideSO3014(E)dated31.12.2008,publishedinGazette
    ofIndia,Extra.,Pt.II,Sec.3(ii)dated31.12.2008.Theseruleswere
    framedunderSection45(2)readwithSection52(2)(f)oftheUAPA,
    1967. The necessary script of the same can be given for ready
    referenceasunder:

    THEUNLAWFULACTIVITIES(PREVENTION)
    (RECOMMENDATIONANDSANCTIONOF
    PROSECUTION)RULES,2008
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    3. Time limit for making a recommendation by


    the Authority The Authority shall, under sub
    section(2)ofsection45oftheAct,makeitsreport
    containing the recommendations to the Central
    Government or, as the case may be, the State
    Governmentwithinsevenworkingdaysofthereceipt
    oftheevidencegatheredbytheinvestigatingofficer
    undertheCode.

    4. Time limit for sanction of prosecution The


    centralGovernmentor,asthecasemaybe,theState
    Governmentshall,undersubsection(2)ofsection
    45oftheAct,takeadecisionregardingsanctionfor
    prosecutionwithinsevenworkingdaysafterreceipt
    oftherecommendationsoftheAuthority.
    [1.VideS.O.3014(E),dated31/12/2008,published
    in the Gazette of India, Ext. Pt. II, S. 3(ii), dated
    31/12/2008. 2. Inserted by G.S.R. 224(E), dated
    31/3/2009](emphasissupplied).

    700] Onperusalofprovisionsofsection45UAPAitrevealsthat
    foroffenceunderChapterIIIofUAPAtheCompetentAuthorityfor
    grant of sanction is Secretary's of the State Government who are
    AdministrativeinchargeoftheHomeDepartment.Tothateffectthe
    CentralGovernmenthasissuedaNotificationintheGazetteofIndia
    on21June2007.Thesaidnotificationisreproducedasunder:

    MINISTRYOFHOMEAFFAIRS
    NOTIFICATION
    NewDelhi,the21stJune,2007

    S.O.1004(E) In exercise of powers conferred by


    Section45(i)oftheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,
    1967 (37 of 1967), the Central Government hereby
    authorizestheSecretariesoftheStateGovernmentsand
    Union Territories and Administrations incharge of the
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    Home Department, to exercise the powers to sanction


    prosecution in respect of offences punishable under
    ChapterIII of the said Act triable by a Court in their
    respectiveStatesandUnionTerritories.


    [F.No.1/17014/14/07IS.VII]
    L.C.GOYAL,
    Jt.Secy.

    ComplianceofSec.45(2)UAPA

    The state of Maharashtra by notification in


    officialgadgetsdesignatedDirectorofPublicProsecutor
    of State of Maharashtra as a authority for independent
    review the proposal of sanction under section 45(2) of
    UAPA.Thesaidnotificationisreproducedasunder:

    The Government of Maharashtra by order dated


    28.5.2010publishedinMaharashtraGovernmentGazette
    dated28.5.2010,Extraordinary,Part4A,Page1,Director
    of Public Prosecutor appoints as an Authority for
    independentreviewofproposalofsanctionunderUAPA.
    The said Government Notification is reproduced as
    under:
    In exercise of the powers conferred by sub
    section(2)ofsection45oftheUnlawfulActivities
    (Prevention) Act, 1967 (37 of 1967), the
    Government of Maharashtra, hereby appoints the
    Director of Prosecutions, Maharashtra State, to be
    theAuthoritytomadeanindependentreviewofthe
    evidencegatheredinthecourseofinvestigationand
    tomakearecommendationwithaperiodofseven
    working days from its receipts, to the State
    Government. (Order dt.26.5.2010, published in
    Mah.GovernmentGazettedt.28.5.2010)
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    570 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    TheMaharashtraGovernmentRulesofBusiness
    GeneralAdministrationDepartment
    (Sachivalaya,Bombay400032,datedthe26th
    June1975

    701] Furtheritisnecessarytohavelookontheprovisionsof
    theRulesframedbytheMaharashtraGovernmentinexerciseofthe
    powers conferred by clauses (2) and (3) of Article 166 of the
    Constitution of India under the title of The Maharashtra
    Government Rules of Business General Administration
    Department (Sachivalaya, Bombay400032,datedthe 26thJune
    1975. These Rules were framed by Maharashtra Government in
    exerciseofthepowersconferredbyclauses(2)and(3)ofArticle166
    of the Constitution of India. RelevantRules5,7,12and13are
    reproducedasunder:

    Rule5 :TheGovernorshallontheadviseofthe
    ChiefMinisterallotamongtheMinistersthebusiness
    of the Government by assigning one or more
    DepartmentsorpartofDepartmentstothechargeof
    aMinister:

    Providedthatnothinginthisruleshallprevent
    the assigning of one Department to the charge of
    morethanoneMinister.

    Rule7 :EachDepartmentoftheMantralayashall
    consist of the Secretary to the Government, who
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    571 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    shallbetheofficialheadofthatDepartmentandor
    suchotherofficersandservantssubordinatetohim
    astheStateGovernmentmaydetermine:
    Providedthat
    (a) more than one Department may be
    placedin chargeofthesameSecretary;
    (b)theworkofaDepartmentmaybedivided
    betweentwoormoreSecretaries.

    Rule 12 : All orders or instruments made or


    executed by on behalf of the Government of the
    Stateshallbeexpressedtobemadebyorbyorder
    executedinthenameoftheGovernor.

    Rule 13 : Every order or instrument of the


    GovernmentoftheStateshallbesignedeitherbya
    Secretary,anAdditionalSecretary,aJointSecretary,
    a Deputy Secretary, an Under Secretary or an
    AssistantSecretaryorsuchotherofficerasmaybe
    specially empowered in that behalf and such
    signature shall be deemed to be proper
    authenticationofsuchorderorinstrument.

    702] In the present case, the accused nos.1 to 6 have been


    chargedforoffencepunishableu/s13,18,20,38,39ofUAPAread
    withSection120BofIPCandP.W.no.18AmitabhRajanandP.W.19
    Kalyaneshwar Bakshi in their examination stated that they issued
    sanctionordersaftergoingthroughthematerialplacedbeforethem
    andassuchtheyarecompetentpersonstoissueandsignsanction
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    572 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    orders as per the provision of Rule 12 of The Maharashtra


    Government Rulesof Business GeneralAdministrationDepartment
    (Sachivalaya, Bombay 400 032, dated the 26th June 1975 The
    sanction order in Sessions Case no.13/2014 in respect of accused
    nos.1to5alongwithitsSchedulearereproducedasunder:
    SANCTIONORDER(EXH.17
    )
    HomeDepartment(Special),
    Mantralaya,MadamKamaRoad,
    Mumbai400032
    Date:15thFebruary,2014

    NoNAX0214/C.R.37/Spl1B:WHEREAS,ithasbeenreported
    totheGovernmentofMaharashtrathatMaheshKarimanTirakiand
    Fiveothers,(hereinafterreferredtoasthesaidAccusedpersons)as
    specifiedinColumn1oftheScheduleappendedhereto(hereinafter
    referredtoasthesaidSchedule)committedtheoffenceasspecified
    inColumn3oftheSchedule.

    ANDWHEREAS,itappearstotheGovernmentofMaharashtra
    thatonthedateandattheplacementionedinthesaidSchedule,the
    accusedpersonhavecommittedanoffence(hereinafterreferredtoas
    thesaidoffence)punishableundersection13,18,20,38and39of
    the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (Amendment 2008)
    (hereinafterreferredtoasthesaidAct),

    AND WHEREAS, after having fully examined the material


    placedbeforemeandconsideringallfacts,Iamsatisfiedthatitis
    necessaryintheinterestofjusticethattheaccusedpersonsshouldbe
    prosecutedintheCourtofcompetentjurisdictionforthesaidoffences
    underSection13,18,20,38and39ofthesaidAct,

    NOW, THEREFORE, in exercise of the powers conferred by


    Clause(ii)ofsubsection(1)ofsection45ofthesaidAct,sanctionis
    hereby accorded to the prosecution against the arrested accused
    persons for taking cognizance of the offence by the Court of the
    competentjurisdiction.
    Sd/
    (Dr.AmitabhRajan)
    AdditionalChiefSecretarytotheGovernmentof
    MaharashtraHomeDepartment
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    573 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    703] Further, Schedule annexed to the said sanction order


    (Exh.17)isreproducedasunder:

    SCHEDULE

    Perticulars of accused Police Station Criminal acts of the accused


    person (i. e. name, Crime Register persons
    address etc.) No. and date 3.
    1. 2.
    Arrested P. Stn. Aheri C. R. Accused persons
    No. 3017/2013 U/s mentioned herein column No.
    1) Mahesh Kariman 13, 18, 20, 38, 39 1 entered into criminal
    Tiraki, of Unlawful conspiracy jointly and
    age 24 yrs, at Activities severally to aid and abet the
    -Murewada, Tal. (Prevention) Act, terrorist activities of banned
    Etapalli, Dist. 1967 (Amendment terrorist organisation called as
    Gadchiroli Act 2008) communist party of India
    Registered on date (Maoist). (Hereinafter refered
    22/08/2013 at to as CPI (Maoist).
    2) Pandu Pora 2130 hrs. They knew fully
    Narote, age 27 yrs. at - well that their acts will
    Murewada, Tal. facilitate the commission of a
    Etapalli, Dist. terrorist act or any act
    Gadchiroli preparatory to the commission
    of a terrorist act.
    In Pursuance of
    3) Hem Keshaodatta the said criminal conspiracy,
    Mishra, age 32 yrs. At- accused mentioned at Sr. No. 1
    Kunjbargal, and 2 maintained live contact
    Post. Nagarkhan, Dist- with the underground member
    Almora (Uttarakhand) of CPI (Maoist) name
    Narmadakka and at her
    instance went to Ballarsha,
    4) Prashant Rahi S/o
    Dist. Chandrapur on-
    N. B. Sangalikar, age
    22/08/2013 to receive the
    54 Yrs. at 87,
    accused No. 3 who is a
    Chandrashekhar Nagar,
    member of banned terrorist
    Rishikesh, Deharadun
    organisation CPI (Maoist) and
    (Uttarakhand)
    both accused No. 1 and 2 were
    attempting to take the accused
    5) Prasad @ Vijay No. 3 to Abuzmad forest area
    Nan Tiraki, age 30 yrs, as directed by Narmadakka for
    at Beloda, P. S. Bande, meeting with senior maoist
    Distt. Kanker cadre who are hiding in
    (Chattisgarh) Abuzmad forest. Both accused
    No. 1 and 2 knew fully well
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    that any such meeting of the


    underground member of
    Yet to be arrested banned terrorist organisation
    6) G. N. Saibaba, will facilitate the commission
    age 47 yrs, Warden of terrorist acts.
    House, Gwyer hall, Accused at Sr.
    Delhi University road, No. 5 in pursuance to his
    Delhi-7 criminal conspiracy with the
    underground member by name
    Ramdar of CPI (Maoist)
    received the accused No. 4
    who is also a member of
    banned terrorist organisation.
    CPI (Maoist) and as per the
    directions of Ramdar was
    attempting to take accused No.
    4 to Abuzmad forest areas for
    meeting the senior Maoist
    cadres who are hiding in
    Abuzmad forest areas,
    knowing fully well that any
    such meeting of the
    underground members of
    banned terrorist organisation
    will facilitate the commission
    of terrorist act.
    Accused at Sr.
    No. 3, 4 and 6 entered into the
    criminal conspiracy amongst
    each other and in pursuance to
    the said conspiracy, accused
    No. 6 arranged meetings of
    accused No. 3 and 4 with the
    underground members of
    banned terrorist orgainsation.
    CPI (Maoist) Who are hiding
    in the Abuzmad forests.
    In furtherance
    of the said conspiracy, accused
    at Sr. No. 6 handed over a
    micro-chip SD memory card
    containing vital Maoist
    communications and other
    maoist documents in the
    encrypted form with intention
    to further the activities of
    terrorist organisation. CPI
    (Maoist) and asked accused
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    575 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    No.3 to go to Ballarshah and


    also told him that he will be
    received at Ballarshah by the
    representative of Narmadakka
    (i. e. accused No. 1 and 2) and
    will be taken to her where he
    should deliver the memory
    card to Narmadakka.
    Accused No. 6
    also gave maoist documents to
    accused No. 4 to be delivered
    to the underground cadres of
    CPI (Maoist) in Abuzmad
    forests. Both accused No. 3
    and 4 willfully carried memory
    cards and document with them
    and travelled from Delhi to
    deliver these things to senior
    maoist cadres as directed by
    accused No. 6. Accused No. 3,
    4 and 6 Knew fully well that
    any such communications will
    facilitate the terrorist activities
    of CPI (Maoist)
    Accused No. 3,
    4 and 6 with the intention to
    further the activities of CPI
    (Maoist) arranged their
    meeting with the underground
    members of CPI (Maoist ) and
    thus supported the CPI
    (Maoist) to further its terrorist
    activities.
    Hence, accused
    have committed the offence
    punishable u/s. 13, 18, 20, 38
    and 39 of Unlawful Activities
    (Prevention) Act, 1967.
    (Amendment 2008).

    By Order and in the name of the Governor of Maharashtra

    (Dr. Amitabh Rajan)


    Additional Chief Secretary to the Government of
    Maharashtra
    Home Department.
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    576 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    704] The sanction order in Sessions Case no.130/2015 in


    respect of accused no.6 Saibaba alongwith its Schedule are
    reproducedasunder:

    SANCTIONORDER(EXH.349
    )
    HomeDepartment(Special),
    2ndFloor,MainBuilding,
    Mantralaya,MadamKamaRoad,
    Mumbai400032
    Date:6thApril,2015.

    NoNAX0214/C.R.37(PartII)/Spl1B:WHEREAS,ithasbeen
    reported to the Government of Maharashtra that G.N. Saibaba
    (hereinafterreferredtoasthesaidAccusedperson)asspecifiedin
    Column1oftheScheduleappendedhereto(hereinafterreferredtoas
    thesaidSchedule)committedtheoffenceasspecifiedinColumn3
    oftheSchedule.

    ANDWHEREAS,itappearstotheGovernmentofMaharashtra
    thatonthedateandattheplacementionedinthesaidSchedule,the
    AccusedPersonhascommittedanoffence(hereinafterreferredtoas
    thesaidoffence)punishableundersection13,18,20,38and39of
    the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (Amendment 2008)
    (hereinafterreferredtoasthesaidAct),

    AND WHEREAS, after having fully examined the material


    placedbeforemeandconsideringallfacts,Iamsatisfiedthatitis
    necessaryintheinterestofjusticethattheAccusedPersonshouldbe
    prosecutedintheCourtofcompetentjurisdictionforthesaidoffences
    underSection13,18,20,38and39ofthesaidAct,

    NOW, THEREFORE, in exercise of the powers conferred by


    Clause(ii)ofsubsection(1)ofsection45ofthesaidAct,sanctionis
    hereby accorded to the prosecution against the arrested Accused
    Person for taking cognizance of the offence by the Court of the
    competentjurisdiction.

    Sd/
    (K.P.Bakshi)
    AdditionalChiefSecretarytotheGovernmentof
    MaharashtraHomeDepartment
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    577 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    705] Further, Schedule annexed to the said sanction order


    (Exh.349)isreproducedasunder:
    SCHEDULE

    Particulars of the Police Station Criminal acts of the


    accused person (I. e. Crime Register accused persons
    name, address etc.) No. and date
    1.
    2. 3.
    Arrested accused P. Stn. Aheri C. Arrested accused
    R. No. with chargesheeted accused
    G. N. Saibaba, age- 3017/2013 U/s mentioned in Column No. 1 of
    47 yrs, Warden 13, 18, 20, 38, the Schedule entered into
    House, Gwyer hall, 39 of Unlawful criminal conspiracy jointly and
    Delhi University Activities severally to aid and abet the
    road, Delhi-7 (Prevention) terrorist activities of banned
    Act, 1967 terrorist organisation
    Already (Amendment Communist Party of India
    Chargesheeted 2008) (Maoist).
    Registered on In pursuance of the said
    1) Mahesh Kariman date 22/08/2013 criminal conspiracy, already
    Tiraki, age 24 yrs, at chargesheeted accused
    Murewada, Tal. mentioned at Sr. No. 1 and 2
    Etapalli, Dist. maintained live contact with
    Gadchiroli. the underground member of
    2) Pandu Pora CPI (Maoist) by name
    Narote, age 27 yrs. at Narmadakka and at her
    - Murewada, Tal. instance went to Ballarsha,
    Etapalli, Dist. Dist. Chandrapur on-
    Gadchiroli 22/08/2013 to receive the
    already chargesheeted accused
    3) Hem Keshaodatta No. 3 who is a member of
    Mishra, age 32 yrs. banned terrorist organisation
    At- Kunjbargal, CPI (Maoist) and both already
    Post. Nagarkhan, chargesheeted accused No. 1
    Dist-Almora and 2 were attempting to take
    (Uttarakhand) the already chargesheeted
    accused No. 3 to Abuzmad
    forest area as directed by
    4) Prashant Rahi S/o Narmadakka for meeting with
    N. B. Sangalikar, age senior maoist cadre who are
    54 Yrs. at 87, hiding in Abuzmad forest.
    Chandrashekhar Both already chargesheeted
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    Nagar, Rishikesh, accused No. 1 and 2 knew


    Deharadun fully well that any such
    (Uttarakhand) meeting of the underground
    member of banned terrorist
    5) Prasad @ Vijay organisation will facilitate the
    Nan Tiraki, age 30 commission of terrorist acts.
    yrs, at Beloda, P. S. Already
    Bande, Distt. Kanker chargesheeted accused at Sr.
    (Chattisgarh) No. 5 in pursuance to his
    criminal conspiracy with the
    underground member by name
    Ramdar of CPI (Maoist)
    received the already
    chargesheeted accused No. 4
    who is also a member of
    banned terrorist organisation.
    CPI (Maoist) and as per the
    directions of Ramdar was
    attempting to take already
    chargesheeted accused No. 4 to
    Abuzmad forest areas for
    meeting the senior maoist
    cadres who are hiding in
    Abuszmad forest areas,
    Knowing fully well that any
    such meeting of the
    underground members of
    banned terrorist organisation
    will facilitate the commission
    of terrorist act.
    Already
    chargesheeted accused at Sr.
    No. 3, 4 and Arrested Accused
    are entered into the criminal
    conspiracy amongst each other
    and in pursuance to the said
    conspiracy, arrested accused
    arranged meetings of already
    chargesheeted accused No. 3
    and 4 with the underground
    members of banned terrorist
    organisation. CPI (Maoist)
    who are hiding in the Abuzmad
    forests.
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    In furtherance of the
    said conspiracy, arrested
    accused handed over a micro-
    chip SD memory card
    containing vital maoist
    communications and other
    maoist documents in the
    encrypted from with intention
    to further the activities of
    terrorist organisation. CPI
    (Maoist) and asked already
    chargesheeted accused No. 3 to
    go to Ballarshah and also told
    him that he will be received at
    Ballarshah by the
    representative of Narmadakka
    (I. e. already chargesheeted
    accused No. 1 and 2) and will
    be taken to her where he
    should deliver the memory
    card to Narmadakka.
    Arrested accused
    also gave maoist documents to
    already chargesheeted accused
    No. 4 to be delivered to the
    underground cadres of CPI
    (Maoist) in Abuzmad forests.
    Both already chargesheeted
    accused No.3 and 4 willfully
    carried memory cards and
    document with them and
    travelled from Delhi to deliver
    these things to senior maoist
    cadres as directed by arrested
    accused. Already
    chargesheeted accused No. 3, 4
    and arrested accused knew
    fully well that any such
    communications will facilitate
    the terrorist activities of CPI
    (Maoist).
    Hence, accused
    have committed the offence
    punishable u/s. 13, 18, 20, 38
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    and 39 of Unlawful Activities


    (Prevention) Act, 1967.
    (Amendment 2008).

    By order and in the name of the Governor of Maharashtra,

    (K. P. Bakshi)
    Additional Chief Secretary to the Government of
    Maharashtra
    Home Department.

    706] The first ground on which the defence advocate Shri


    Gadling assailed the sanction orders (Exh.17 and 349) is that no
    materialwasplacedbeforeSanctioningAuthoritiesandthatwithout
    going through the material placed before them, the sanction was
    accorded without the application of mind. On this point the
    admissionsincrossexaminationofP.W.18KalyaneshwarBakshiand
    P.W.19AmitabhRajanwerereliedbythedefenceonthegroundthat
    beforeaccordingsanctionP.W.19AmitabhRajanmetRavindraKadam
    and P.W.18 Kalyaneshwar Bakshi referred calender events before
    enteringintowitnessbox. FurtherP.W.19AmitabhRajanadmitted
    thathehasdiscussedwithSpecialPublicProsecutorbeforeentering
    into witness box and in CFSL Report was not sent to P.W.No.18
    Kalyaneshwar Bakshi. He statedin his evidence that he has gone
    through CFSL Report. Further according to P.W.18 Kalyaneshwar
    BakshihehascomeacrosswiththeNotificationbywhichtheRDFhas
    beendeclaredasafrontalorganizationofCPI(Maoist)butthesaid
    notification is not filed on record and P.W.18 Kalyaneshwar Bakshi
    cametoknowfromthestatementofprosecutionwitnessesthatatthe
    instance of accused no.6 Saibaba, accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and
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    581 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    accusedno.2PanduNarotehadgonetoBallarshah,howeverthisfact
    isnotmentionedinthestatementofanywitness.

    707] ItisimportanttonotethatP.W.18KalyaneshwarBakshiin
    hisexaminationstatedthatbeforeissuingsanctionorder(Exh.349)
    against accused no.6 he had gone through all the documents i.e.
    searchwarrant, investigation papersalongwithchargesheet,CFSL
    report, hard copies certified by CFSL Bombay, all seizure
    panchanamas,arrestpanchanamasofaccusedandallotherpapersof
    investigation which were submitted to him. Further, another
    Sanctioning Authority P.W.19 Dr.Amitabh Rajan in his examination
    statedthatbeforeissuingthesanctionorder(Exh.17)againstaccused
    nos.1to5hehadgonethroughallinvestigationpapers,particularly
    CFSLreport,softcopiesoftheelectronicdata,mirrorimagesofhard
    copiescontainingtheelectronicgadgets,Art.1to41.

    708] AttheinstanceofAdvocateforaccusedno.1to6byorder
    onapplication(Exh.478)originalfileregardinggrantofsanctionin
    S.C.No.13/2014and130/2015werecalledandtheprosecutionhas
    filedoriginalrecordregardinggrantofsanctioninS.C.No.13/2014,it
    contains1189pages.Ongoingthroughthenotewhichwassignedby
    Section Officer, Deputy Secretary, Under Secretary, Principal
    SecretaryandMinisterforHome,itrevealsthatbeforegrantingthe
    sanction under UAPA the sanctioning authority had considered all
    investigationpapers,statementsofwitnessesandopinionofDirector
    ofPublicProsecutor.TheproposalofsanctioninS.C.No.13/2014was
    forwarded by Superintendent of Police, Gadchiroli alongwith
    followingdocumentsandcasepapers
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    582 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    i)CopyofFIR,
    (ii)Panchanamas,
    (iii)Calenderevents,
    (iv)Copiesofscreenshotoffacebookaccountofaccusedno.3
    HemMishra,
    (v)Copiesofdocumentcontainedin16GBmemorycard
    (ArticleA17toA21),
    (vi) Eight pages relating to naxal literature seized from
    possession of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and other investigation
    papersalongwithchargesheet.

    709] Further the Superintendent of Police, Gadchiroli had


    forwarded following documents alongwith sanction proposal in
    S.C.No.130/2015:

    (i)CopyofFIR,
    (ii)Copyofpanchanamas,
    (iii)Calenderevents,
    (iv)Threepamphletsseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.1
    Mahesh,
    (v)Copiesofscreenshots(Art.A1toA16)ofactivitiesofface
    bookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishra,
    (vi)247pagesretrievedfromelectronicgadgetsseizedfromthe
    housesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba,
    (vii)CDRofaccusedNo.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahiand
    accusedno.6Saibabaand
    (viii)allinvestigationpaperswereannexed.
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    583 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    710] OnperusalofScheduleAnnexedtobothsanctionorders
    (Exh.17and349)itisclearthatroleofeachaccusedandfactshave
    beenconsideredbeforeaccordingsanction.TheScheduleannexedto
    sanctionordersclearlyreflectsthatsanctionorderswereissuedafter
    going through the relevant material placed before both the
    sanctioningauthorities.Itiswellsettledprincipleoflawthatatthe
    timeofgrantofsanctionforprosecutiontheSanctioningAuthorityis
    notsupposedtoevaluatetheevidencebutithastoseeonlyprima
    faciecaseforwhichtheaccusedischarged. Atthisjuncture,itis
    necessarytoconsidertheobservationsof ApexCourtinpara12in
    thecaseofStateofMaharashtra.v.IshwarPirajiKalpatrireported
    inAIR1996SupremeCourt722,whereinitisobservedthat

    (B)CriminalP.C.(2of1974),S.197Sanction
    for prosecution According of Making of
    statement while according sanction, that the
    officersigningorderhadpersonallyscrutinised
    thefileandhadarrivedatrequiredsatisfaction
    Not necessary especially when order prima
    facie showsthattherehasbeenapplicationof
    mind and that material on record has been
    examinedbyconcernedofficerbeforeaccording
    sanction.

    711] Inviewoftheevidenceledbytheprosecutionalongwith
    documents i.e. sanction orders (Exh.17 and 349) and schedule
    annexed to it clearly shows that before granting the sanction the
    sanctioningauthorityhasconsideredallinvestigationpaperssupplied
    alongwithchargesheetandthecopyofindependentreviewandthat
    thereisnorequirementoflawthatsanctioningauthoritymustrefer
    the documents on which they satisfied about the prima facie case
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    584 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    against the accused in the sanction order. The contention of the


    Advocatefordefencethatinsanctionorderthefactthatindependent
    reviewwasconsideredisnotmentioned,hasnoforce.

    IndependentReviewbyDirectorofPublicProsecutor

    712] As discussed above the Director of Public Prosecutor is


    designated as an authority to independent by review the sanction
    proposal under UAPA. Learned Counsel for accused by their
    applicationatExh.478hadfortheproductionofthecopyofinward
    andoutwardregisterfromtheofficeofDirectorofPublicProsecutor
    AfterallowingtheapplicationbyCourt,theprosecutionhasfurnished
    thecopyofinwardandoutwardregisteronrecordshowingthatthe
    office of Director of Public Prosecutor had received proposal for
    independent review of sanction under UAPA in Sessions Case
    No.13/2014and130/2015.FurtherthereisaoralevidenceofP.W.18
    Kalyaneshwarand19AmitabhRajantothateffect.

    Sanctionagainstaccusednos.1to5inSessionsCaseNo.13/2014

    713] Onperusaloforiginalfileinrespectofgrantofsanction
    againstaccusednos.1to5inSessionsCaseNo.13/2014itrevealsthat
    the Superintendent of Police, Gadchiroli had sent proposal for
    accordingsanctioninCrimeNo.3017/2013on2.2.2014alongwith
    documentsi.e.copyofFIR,panchanamas,calenderevents,copiesof
    screenshotoffacebookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishra,copies
    ofdocumentcontainedin16GBmemorycard(ArticleA17toA21),
    eight pages relating to naxal literature seized from possession of
    accusedno.4PrashantRahiandotherinvestigationpapersalongwith
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    585 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    chargesheet to Additional Chief Secretary, Home Department and


    then Additional Chief Secretary, Home Department forwarded
    proposal to Director of Public Prosecutor,State of Maharashtra for
    independentreviewon07.02.2014andJayantBhoir,SectionOfficer
    forwardedthefiletoDirectorofPublicProsecutoron07.02.2014and
    thereafter incharge Director of Public Prosecutor, Vidya Gundecha
    submittedindependentreviewon11.02.2014(Exh.358)totheoffice
    ofAdditionalChiefSecretary,Home,DeskOfficer,JayantBhoirvide
    O.W. No.Opinion/79A/452/2014. After receipt of copy of
    independent review the Section Officer, Under Secretary, Under
    Secretary of Law, Secretary (Special), Additional Chief Secretary
    (Home) had gone through the proposal from 13.02.2014 to
    15.02.2014,thereafterAdditionalChiefSecretary(Home)forwarded
    the same to Home Minister for approval and the Home Minister
    considered the material i.e. all documents sent along with the
    proposalforgrantofsanctionbySuperintendentofPolice,Gadchiroli
    andapprovedthesaidfilebymakingnoteonit.

    ThenoteofHon'bleMinisterofHomeisasunder:
    Discussedp/11811189/c[Draft]aresubmittedforapproval.
    ItisthefitcaseunderUAPA.

    714] AfterapprovalofsanctionorderbyHomeMinisteritwas
    sent to Additional Chief Secretary, P.W.19 Dr. Amitabh Rajan,
    thereafterAdditionalChiefSecretary,(Home),StateofMaharashtra
    accordedsanction(Exh.17)on15.02.2014againstaccusedno.1to5
    under section 13,18,20,38,39 of UAPA and the same was sent to
    SuperintendentofPolice,Gadchirolion15.02.2014itselfvideletter
    O.W.NAX0214/C.R.37/Spl.1B.
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    Sanctionagainstaccusedno.6SaibabainSessionsCase
    No.130/2015

    715] Onperusaloftheoriginalfileinrespectofaccusedno.6
    SaibabainSessionsCaseNo.130/2015,itrevealsthatSubDivisional
    PoliceOfficer,AheriP.W.23RameshDhumalsenttheproposalthrough
    theSuperintendentofPolicetoD.I.G.foraccordingsanctioninCrime
    No.3017/2013 against accused no.6 Saibaba on 04.02.2015
    alongwithsaidproposaldocumentsi.e.FIR,panchanamas,calender
    events,threepamphletsseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.1
    Mahesh,copiesofscreenshots(Art.A1toA16)ofactivitiesofface
    bookaccountofaccusedno.3HemMishra,247pagesretrievedfrom
    electronic gadgets seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba,CDRofaccusedNo.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahiand
    accused no.6 Saibaba and all investigation papers were annexed.
    ThereafterDeputyD.I.G.throughD.I.G.(Nagpur)forwardedthesaid
    proposaltoDG(Special),Mumbaion06.02.2015andDG,Mumbai
    forwardedthesametoP.W.18KalyaneshwarBakshi,AdditionalChief
    Secretary(Home)on21.02.2015andthereafterthesaidproposalwas
    receivedbyHomeDepartmenton24.02.2015.

    716] Afterreceiptofthesaidproposalthesamewassentfor
    independentreviewbyShriJayantBhoir,SectionOfficer,Maharashtra
    Government to Director of Public Prosecutor vide letter dated
    26.02.2015atExhibit346underthesignatureofJayantBhoirand
    Director of Public Prosecutor considered the proposal and gave
    opinion of independent review (Exh.348) regarding the grant of
    sanctionforprosecutionanditwassenttotheHomeDepartmenton
    4thMarch2015andtothateffectthereisOutwardRegisterentry
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    No.Opinion/79A/541/15andalongwithit,theopinion letterdated
    4.3.2015 (Exh.347) was forwarded and after receipt of copy of
    independent review, the Section Officer, Under Secretary, Under
    Secretary of Law, Secretary (Special), Additional Chief Secretary
    (Home)gonethroughtheproposalandthereaftertheHomeMinister
    considered the material i.e. all documents annexed along with the
    proposalforaccordingsanction.Thereafteron6 thApril,2015P.W.18
    KalyaneshwarBakshi,AdditionalChiefSecretary,HomeDepartment,
    State of Maharashtra, Bombay accorded sanction (Exhibit 349)
    against accused no.6 Saibaba under section 13, 18, 20, 38, 39 of
    UAPAandthereafterthesaidsanctionwassenttoSuperintendentof
    Police,Gadchirolialongwithcoveringletter(Exh.350).

    717] At this juncture, it is necessary to consider the


    observationsofApexCourtinpara8inthecaseofStateofMadhya
    Pradesh.v.JiyalalreportedinAIR2010SC1451
    (B) PreventionofCorruptionAct(49of1988,
    S.19 Evidence Act (1 of 1872), S.114
    SanctiontoprosecuteProofOrderpassedby
    Magistrateincourseofperformingofficialduty
    PresumptionattachestosuchorderExamination
    ofMagistrateNotnecessary.(Para8)
    `
    The observation contained in para 8 is reproduced as
    under
    It was also not justified by the learned
    single Judge toholdthat the District Magistrate
    who had passed the sanction order should have
    beensubsequentlyexaminedasawitnessbythe
    prosecution in order to prove the same. The
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    sanctionorderwasclearlypassedindischargeof
    routine official functions and hence there is a
    presumptionthatthesamewasdoneinabonafide
    manner. It was of course opened to the
    respondenttoquestionthegenuinenessofvalidity
    ofthesanctionorderbeforetheSpecialJudgebut
    there was no requirement for the District
    Magistrate to examine as a witness by the
    prosecution.

    718] Furtheritisnecessarytoconsidertheratiolaiddownby
    theApexCourtinthecaseofStatethroughInspectorofPolice,A.P.
    .vs.K.Narasimhacharyreportedin(2005)8SupremeCourtCases
    364whereinitisobservedasunder:

    A.EvidenceAct,1872S.47Provisionunder,
    as to relevancy of opinion of any person
    acquainted with handwriting of the person by
    whomthedocumentinquestionissupposedtobe
    written or signed Applicability of Order of
    Sanction for prosecution issued in the name of
    Governor and authenticated by Secretary to
    Government Authenticity of, never question
    High Court was not called upon to form an
    opinionastobywhomthesaidorderofsanction
    waswrittenandsignedPW6wasnotexamined
    asanExpertorwasrequiredtogivehisopinionas
    regardsthecorrectnessorotherwisethesignature
    ofSecretaryHeld,HighCourtwronglyapplied
    Section 47 It erred in holding that sanction
    order was not proved in accordance with law.
    (Paras14and15)

    (B.) Evidence Act, 1872 Ss. 74 and 78


    Publicdocument(inthiscase,orderofsanction
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    for prosecution issued in the name of Governor


    and authenticated by Secretary to Govt.)
    Authenticityof,notchallengedbeforetrialCourt
    Held, respondent could not be permitted to
    question the admissibility of the said document
    for the first time before the appellate court
    Prevention ofCorruptionAct,1988,S.19(Para
    13)

    719] Aspaperrelatingtograntofsanctionarepublicdocument
    andtheactofgrantingthesanctionwasdonebypublicservantin
    dischargeofhispublicdutyintheordinarycourseofpublicbusiness,
    thepresumptionisthatthesaidacthasbeendonelawfullyattached
    toit,unlessrebuttedbyotherside.

    720] In view of above the opinion issued by Director of


    Prosecution,intheSessionCaseno.13/2014atExh.357andSession
    Caseno.130/2015atExh.348wereinthedischarge ofperforming
    public duty. Hence it is not necessary to prove the signature of
    DirectorofProsecutioninit.Hence,thereisnoforceintheargument
    ofdefencecounselthatifsignatureisnotproved,documentcannot
    besaidtobeproved.

    WhetherP.W.No.18KalyaneshwarBakshiandP.W.No.19Amitabh
    Rajanarecompetenttoissueandsignthesanctionorder(Exh.17
    andExh.349)

    721] AsdiscussedabovetheMaharashtraGovernmentRulesof
    Business General Admission Department Rule 13 empowers the
    Secretary,AdditionalSecretary,JointSecretary,DeputySecretaryand
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    Under Secretary or Asst. Secretary as or such as other officer


    especially empowered on behalf of the Government to sign the
    instrument and in view of thisthe sanctioning authority P.W.No.18
    Kalyaneshwar Bakshi and P.W.19 Amitabh Rajan signed the order.
    P.W.No.19AmitabhRajaninhisexaminationclearlystatedthatafter
    perusal of proposalofsanctionthefile wasreferredtoMinisterof
    HomeofStateofMaharashtraandasper(Rule5)oftheMaharashtra
    Government Rules of Business the Governor of the State of
    Maharashtra allot amongst theministerbusinessofgovernmentby
    assigning one or more Departments or part of Departments to the
    charge of a Minister and as such the Home Minister is the
    Government. The Sanction order issued by both P.W.No.18
    KalyaneshwarBakshiandP.W.No.19AmitabhRajaninfirsttwopara
    clearlyrevealsthatthefilewasreferredtotheGovernmentforgrant
    ofsanctionandgovernmentsatisfiedthatsanctionshouldbegranted.
    Hence,P.W.No.18KalyaneshwarBakshiandP.W.No.19AmitabhRajan
    inviewofpowerconferredonthembyRule13asdiscussedabove
    signed the sanction order after obtaining the Government assents.
    This shows that the Government has accorded the sanction for
    prosecution against accused no.1 to 6 in S.C.No.13/2014 and
    130/2015. Furtherattheinstanceofaccusedbypassingorderon
    Exh.466dated3.1.2017originalfilerelatingtograntofsanctionin
    SessionsCaseNos.13/2014and130/2015werecalledandonperusal
    of note in file no.NAX0214/Pra.Kra.37/PartII (Home) relating to
    grantofsanctioninSessionsCaseNo.13/2014andonperusalofnote
    infileno.NAX0214/Pra.Kra.37(Home)relatingtograntofsanction
    inSessionsCaseNo.130/2015itrevealsthatthesanctionorderwas
    approvedbytheHomeMinister,assuchtheprosecutionhasproved
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    thatthegovernmenthasaccordedsanctionforoffenceunderUAPAin
    SessionsCaseNo.13/2014and130/2015.

    722] The next ground on which the defence assailed the


    sanctionordersinSessionCaseno.13/2014againstaccusednos.1to
    5andinSessionsCaseno.130/2015againstaccusedno.6Saibabais
    thatthoseorderswerenotgrantedwithintheprescribedperiodas
    required by provisions of The Unlawful Activities (Prevention)
    (RecommendationandSanctionofProsecution)Rules,2008. In
    thepresentcase,fromtheevidenceofInvestigatingOfficerP.W.no.11
    SuhasBawchethatinSessionsCaseno.13/2014itisclearthathe
    moved the proposal for grant of sanction on 1.2.2014 through
    AdditionalSuperintendentofPolice,Aheri. TheevidenceofP.W.19
    Dr.Amitabh Rajan is clear that he received proposal for according
    sanction on 07.02.2014 and thereafter the sanction order was
    receivedbyP.W.11SuhasBawcheon15.2.2014. Theproposalfor
    sanctioninS.C.No.130/2015wassoughtbyP.W.23Dhumalthrough
    S.P. Gadchiroli on 3.2.2015 and thereafter P.W.18 Kalyaneshwar
    Bakshi accorded sanction on 06.04.2015 and therefore in
    S.C.No.13/2014thereisnodelayinreceivingthesanction.InCase
    No.130/2015thereisdelayofmorethan30daysinobtainingthe
    sanction.

    723] FurtherthelearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathianathanreliedon
    Judgment in case of Mohammed Bilal Gulam Rasul KazivsThe
    StateofMaharashtraandors.,CriminalApplicationNo.1256of
    2011decidedon19.12.2012.
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    Thefactsofthecaseareasunder:

    1] IntheabovementionedcaseF.I.R.was

    lodgedagainstapplicanton21August,2008under
    theprovisionsofUAPA. On9February,2010the
    sanction was sought from Government for
    prosecuting the applicant and sanction was
    accordedon27August,2010.Inthemeantimefile
    wasreferredforindependentreviewtoDirectorof
    PublicProsecutor,StateofMaharashtraandDirector
    ofPublicProsecutor,Maharashtrarecommendedto
    accordsanctionbyletterdated11April,2010.

    2] Therewasadelayofsevenmonthsfor
    sanction as required under Rule 3 and 4 of the
    Unlawful Activities (Prevention)(Recommendation
    and Sanction of Prosecution) Rules, 2008. While
    consideringthedelayofsevenmonths,theHon'ble
    HighCourtobservedthatitiswellsettled,statutes
    are to be fairly construed and faithfully applied
    keeping in tune with legislative intent. The
    legislative intention behind amended, which were
    effectedon31.12.2008wasconsideredinpara11of
    thesaidjudgment,whichisreproducedasunder

    11. The statement of objects and reasons


    whilepresentingthebillforamendmentinUAPAct
    referred by the Central Government on 15th
    December2008illustratethatkeepinginviewthat
    India has been a front runner in the global fight
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    593 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    against terrorism, its commitment in terms of the


    United Nations Security Council Resolution 1373
    dated28thSeptember2001andtheresolvenotto
    allowanycompromiseinthefightagainstterrorism
    theUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act1967was
    amendedtomakeprovisionstodealwithterrorism
    andterroristactivities.

    Itisalsostated:

    There have been significant developments


    since then at the national and the international
    level. Terrorist incidents and activities sponsored
    fromacrosstheburdens,invariouspartsofIndia
    andelsewhere,continuetocauseconcern. Hence,
    thelegalframeworkfordealingwithsuchactivities,
    includingmeasuresrelatedtofinancingofterrorism,
    has been further reviewed. The administrative
    Reforms Commission in its Report 'Combatting
    Terrorism Protecting by Righteousness' has also
    made various recommendations in this regard.
    Suggestionsinthisrespecthavealsobeenreceived
    fromvariousothersources.

    12. There cannot be a quarrel that


    provisions of section 45 of UAP Act read in
    juxtaposition in section 42 of the said Act are
    mandatory in its character, however, as stated
    earlier,Rules3,and
    4cannotbesobranded.

    13. Section 45(2) is introduced as a


    resolutionof2008amendment,thetimelimitand
    sanctionfromtheauthorityandreviewarechecks
    the Legislature desired to avoid false prosecution.
    Themeasuresofthechecksaretheadministrative
    exigencies, procedural supervision meant to speed
    uptheadministrativeprocessafterinvestigationon
    the basis of which the prosecution has to be
    launched. Any fall out in adhering the time
    schedule does not make out a case for breach of
    eitherofthecomplianceofsection45(2).Ithasto
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    beshown,thedelayhasledtothedenialofright,
    conferred upon the accused. There is no such
    situationastheStatedesiredprosecutionanditwas
    placed before the authority for review and then
    needs to be recommended. The defect or
    irregularity in official compliance has no adverse
    bearingonthecompetenceofthesanctioninterms
    ofsection45(2)ofthesaidAct.

    14. It is again well settled, the term 'shall


    appearing in the statute or 'rule' at times can be
    interpretedas'should'andtheadmissionasmay,for
    thatpurposes,Legislationintentsandschemeofthe
    Legislation provides pivotal direction. Of course,
    thereshouldnotbegrossdelayorrecklessnesson
    the part of the State in complying the procedural
    obligation.

    724] InviewofobservationsmadebyBombayHighCourtin
    the case of Mohammed Bilal Gulam Rasul KazivsThe State of
    Maharashtraandors.(Citedsupra), itisclear thatprovisionsof
    section 3 and 4 of the Prevention of Unlawful Activities Act, are
    directory and delay caused in granting sanction is not fatal to the
    prosecutioncase. Inthepresentcase,notesofsanctionforaccused
    no.6Saibabawasdated31December,2014toHomeDepartmentand
    sanctionwasaccordedon06042015.Therewasdelayof3months
    anditwasnotshownthatanykindofprejudice,bynonaccordingthe
    sanctionwithinstipulatedtime,wascausedtoaccusedno.6Saibaba.
    Hence, mere delay of more than 30 days for issuance of sanction
    orderinS.C.no.130/2015isnotagroundtovitiatetheproceeding
    againstaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    725] Theanotherimportantaspectwhichthoughnotargued,in
    my opinion it is necessary to discuss in respect of sanction order
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    (Exh.349) in Sessions Case No.130/2015 granted against accused


    no.6Saibaba.Inthepresentcaseaccusedno.6Saibabawasarrested
    afterfilingofchargesheetagainstaccusedno.1to5inSessionCase
    No.13/2014andbythattimenosanctionwasissuedagainstaccused
    no.6Saibabaandchargeswereframedagainstaccusednos.1to6at
    Exh.66 on 21.2.2013 and the sanction order was issued against
    accusedno.6Saibabaisdated6.4.2015(Exh.349)andassuchitisto
    beseenwhetherthetrialagainstaccusedno.6Saibabaisvitiatedand
    failureofjusticehasbeencausedtotheaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    726] It is important to note that as the Sessions Case


    No.130/2015andSessionsCaseNo.13/2014arearisingoutofthe
    same incident hence my learned predecessor Shri D.R.Shirasao
    passed order below Exh.1 on 14.12.2015 in Sessions Case
    No.130/2015 for trying both the Sessions Case No.130/2015 and
    SessionsCaseNo.13/2014together.Thereafter, theprosecutionhas
    filedanapplicationatExh.151inSessionsCaseno.13/2014stating
    thatthesupplementarychargesheetwasfiledagainstaccusedno.6
    Saibaba subsequent who is arrest and filing of chargesheet in
    Sessions Case No.13/2014 and that on 27.10.2015 prosecution
    examinedpanchwitnessP.W.no.1SantoshBawneandotherwitnesses
    weretobeexaminedandinviewofthatfact,theprosecutionprayed
    forrecallingofpanchwitnessP.W.no.1SantoshBawne.Tothesaid
    application initially formal objection was taken by Advocate Shri
    Gadlingforaccusedon14.12.2015butthereafteraccusedno.1to6
    have given no objection for examining panch witness P.W.no.1
    Santosh Bawne afresh. Hence this witness was recalled and his
    evidencewastakenafresh.
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    727] ItisnecessarytoconsidertheprovisionsofSection465of
    theCodeofCriminalProcedurewhichreproducedasunder:

    465.Findingorsentencewhenreversiblebyreason
    oferror,omissionorirregularity.

    (1) Subject to the provisions hereinbefore


    contained,nofinding,sentenceororderpassedbya
    Courtofcompetentjurisdictionshallbereversedor
    altered by a Court of appeal, confirmation or
    revision on account of any error, omission or
    irregularity in the complaint, summons, warrant,
    proclamation,order,judgmentorotherproceedings
    before or during trial or in any inquiry or other
    proceedings under this Code, or any error, or
    irregularity in any sanction for the prosecution,
    unless in the opinion of that Court, a failure of
    justicehasinfactbeenoccasionedthereby.

    (2)Indeterminingwhetheranyerror,omissionor
    irregularityin
    any proceeding under this Code, or any error, or
    irregularityinanysanctionfortheprosecutionhas
    occasionedafailureofjustice,theCourtshallhave
    regardtothefactwhethertheobjectioncouldand
    shouldhavebeenraisedatanearlierstageinthe
    proceedings.

    728] Ongoingthroughtheaboveprovisionsitisclearthatthe
    court was not supposed to stay the proceeding on the ground of
    absenceofsanction.

    729] Atthisjuncture, itisnecessarytoconsiderobservations


    madeinparano.22bytheApexCourtincaseof StateofMadhya
    Pradeshv.BhorajiandOrsreportedinJT2001(7)SC55. The
    parano.22inthesaidjudgmentisreproducedasunder:
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    22.Thebaragainsttakingcognizanceofcertain
    offences or by certain courts cannot govern the
    questionwhetherthecourtconcernedisacourt
    of competent jurisdiction, e.g. courts are
    debarred from taking cognizance of certain
    offenceswithoutsanctionofcertainauthorities.If
    a court tookcognizance ofsuchoffences,which
    werelaterfoundtobewithoutvalidsanction,it
    would not become the test or standard for
    deciding whether that court was a court of
    competentjurisdiction.Itisnowwellsettledthat
    ifthequestionofsanctionwasnotraisedatthe
    earliestopportunitytheproceedingswouldremain
    unaffectedonaccountofwantofsanction.Thisis
    another example to show that the condition
    precedent for taking cognizance is not the
    standard to determine whether the court
    concernedisacourtofcompetentjurisdiction.

    730] InthecaseofKapbuaiavs.UnionTerritoryofMizoram
    reportedin1984CriminalLawJournalNOC189(Gau.),Gauhati
    HighCourtobservedasunder:
    (B)UnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act(37of
    1967) S. 17 Sanction to prosecute Mere
    irregularityinsanctionwillnotvitiatetrial.

    731] Inthepresentcase,theevidenceofInvestigatingOfficer
    P.W.11 Suhas Bawche reveals that he had been to Delhi to arrest
    accusedno.6Saibababuthecouldnotarrestaccusedno.6Saibaba
    becausehewashighprofileleaderandtill26.2.2014whentheytried
    to arrest accused no.6 Saibaba at that time, he called his party
    membersandcreatedlawandorderproblemandhence,theycould
    notarresthimearlier. Thereafter,SuhasBawche(P.W.11)obtained
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    permissionandarrestwarrantofaccusedno.6SaibabafromJMFC,
    Aherion26.2.2014andthenaccusedno.6cametobearrestedby
    InvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawcheandonthesamedayhe
    wasremandedtoMCRandthereafterhewassenttojail.Onperusal
    offirstsanctionorderissuedbyAmitabhRajan(P.W.19)atExh.17and
    Scheduleannexedtheretoitrevealsthattheprimafaciecaseagainst
    accusedno.6SaibabawasmadeoutunderSection13,18,20,38,39
    r/w120BIPCandinthescheduletheroleofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    was mentioned and lastly in the schedule it is mentioned that all
    accusedhave committed theofffencepunishableu/s.13,18,20,38
    and39ofUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967,(Amendment
    2008).

    732] TherewasnointentiononthepartoftheGovernmentto
    withholdsanctionagainstaccusedno.6Saibababutbecauseofonly
    misconception of law in the mind of Sanctioning Authority P.W.19
    Amitabh Rajan as accused no.6 Saibaba was not arrested a
    subsequent sanction order was issued by P.W.no.18 Kalyaneshwar
    BakshiatExh.349.Asdiscussedabove,itisimportanttonotethatas
    accusednos.1to6havegivennoobjectiontotheapplicationfiledby
    prosecution for recalling panch witness P.W.no.1 Santosh Bawne at
    Exh.151, he was recalled and hisevidence wastaken afresh. The
    evidenceofall23witnesseswastakeninpresenceofaccusedno.6
    Saibaba and the detailed statement u/s 313 Cr.P.C. containing 410
    questionswereputtohim.Evenassumingforthesakeofargument
    thatthesanctionorderwasissuedafterframingofchargebutasthe
    evidence of all witnesses was taken in presence of accused no.6
    Saibabaandallincriminatingevidencewasputtotheaccusedno.6
    Saibabau/s313ofCr.P.C.andeveninviewofprovisionsofsection
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    464ofCr.P.C.,absenceofsanctionorderbeforeframingofchargeis
    also not a ground to vitiate the trial unless failure of justice is
    occasioned.

    733] Inthepresentcasethereisnothingonrecordtoshowthat
    failure of justice was occasioned to accused no.6 Saibaba by not
    obtaining sanction order before framing of charge and further no
    grievancehasbeenmadebytheaccusedattheearliestopportunity.
    Hence,inviewofjudgmentofApexCourtincaseofStateofMadhya
    Pradeshv.BhorajiandOrsreportedinJT2001(7)SC55 cited
    supra,trialisnotvitiatedonthegroundofproductionofsanction
    order subsequently because the role of accused no.6 Saibaba was
    already made out in first sanction order issued by P.W.19 Amitabh
    Rajanandprimafaciecasewasfoundagainsthimandtherewasno
    intention on the part of Government to withhold sanction against
    accusedno.6Saibaba,butitwaswithheldonlyonmisconceptionof
    lawonthegroundthathewasnotarrestedbythattime.

    734] On going through the facts and evidence and legal


    position in the present case the prosecution has proved that valid
    sanctionwasaccordedinSessionsCaseno.13/2014againstaccused
    nos.1to5fortheoffencepunishableunderSections13,18,20,38,
    39 of UAPA read with Section 120B of IPC and in Sessions Case
    no.130/2015againstaccusedno.6Saibabafortheoffencepunishable
    underSections13,18,20,38,39ofUAPAreadwithSection120Bof
    IPC.

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    CONSPIRACYANDUAPA

    735] Inthepresentcase,theaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2
    PanduNarote,no.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahi,no.5VijayTirki
    and no.6 Saibaba have been charged for the offences punishable
    undersections13,18,20,38and39UAPAreadwithsection120Bof
    I.P.Code. Henceitisnecessarytodiscusslawofconspiracyalong
    withtheprovisionsofUAPAtogether.

    ArgumentoflearnedSpecialP.P.ShriSathianathanfortheState
    onLawofConspiracyandUAPA

    736] The learnedSpecialP.P.ShriSathianathan,fortheState


    submittedthattheelectronicmaterialcontainedinCDs,DVDs,hard
    discs,pendrivesrecoveredfromthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    shows that he is an active member of RDF, which is frontal
    organizationofCPI(Maoist)abannedorganizationunderUAPA.He
    specifically submitted that the electronic material which is
    incriminating and which was supplied by accused no.6 Saibaba to
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra was to be supplied to the underground
    naxal Narmadakka for creating violence and to advocate, abet or
    incitethecommissionofunlawfulactivitiestocreatepublicdisorder
    withintentiontothreatentheunity,integrityandsecurityofIndia.
    He further submitted that the accused No.1 MaheshTirki, accused
    No.2 Pandu Narote and accused No.5 Vijay Tirki were supplying
    important information to underground naxal Narmadakka at
    Abuzamadandtheywerearrangingmeetingwiththeunderground
    naxal persons to support the banned terrorist organization CPI
    (Maoist)withintentiontofurtheractivitiesoftheCPI(Maoist).
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    601 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    737] He further submitted that from the transcripts of the


    documentsannexedtoCFSLreportExh.267containingthepagesno.
    87, 88, 89, 205, 206, 207, 208 shows that accused no.6 Saibaba
    wrote letter to his superiors in the name ofPrakash by hiding his
    identity. Further he hasalsomadeaPressRelease byhisoriginal
    nameG.N.Saibabaatpageno.210ofExh.267whichwasrecovered
    fromtheharddisc.Fromthatdocument,itcanbegatheredthathe
    isAssistantSecretary ofRDF, whichisfrontalorganizationofCPI
    (Maoist)bannedorganizationunderUAPAandfromthedocuments
    retrievedfromtheelectronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)i.e. CDs,DVDs,
    harddiscs,pendrivesseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    SaibabaunderpanchanamaExh.165i.e.Pagenos.1to247ofCFSL
    reportExh.267. Itisclearthattheyarerelatingtomaoistliterature
    belonging to Communist Party of India (Maoist) a banned
    organization and by which accused used to incite the people to
    becomememberofsaidbannedorganizationbyinvolvinginterrorist
    act and supporting the ideology of CPI (Maoist) a banned
    organization. Those documentswere retrievedfromthe electronic
    gadgets recovered from the house of accused no.6 Saibaba under
    seizurepanchanamaExh.165andallmaterialwasusedbyaccused
    no.6 Saibaba for circulation. He submitted that the documents
    (Arts.A17toA21)retrievedfrom16GBmemorycardseizedfromthe
    personalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMishra underpanchanamaat
    Exh.137showsthedisaffectiontowardsGovernmentofIndiaanda
    kindofincitementtothepeopletojointhebannedorganizationCPI
    (Maoist) and to create public disorder furthering the terrorist
    activitiesbywayofarmedstruggle.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    738] He submitted that the said electronic material were


    handedoverbyaccusedno.6Saibabatoaccusedno.3HemMishrafor
    circulation to be given to underground naxal Narmadakka at
    AbuzamadandforthatpurposeaccusedHemMishrahadcometo
    Aheri and he was arrested there along with accused no.1 Mahesh
    Tirki and accused no.2 Pandu Narote. The intention behind the
    circulationofsaidnaxalliteratureandletterswastocreateviolence
    andincitethepeopleandtospreaddisaffectiontowardsGovernment
    establishedbylawandtofurthertheactivitiestocommitoradvocate,
    abet or incite the people to create public disorder with intent to
    threaten the unity, integrity, security or sovereignty of India and
    further to arrange the meetings to work out the strategies to
    advocate,propagate,mobilize,inciteandabetpeopleforviolenceby
    spreadingdisaffectionagainsttheGovernmentandhenceprovisions
    ofSection13and18ofUAPAareattractedagainstaccusednos.1to6.

    739] LearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathanfurthersubmittedthat
    accusedno.1MaheshTirki,No.2PanduNaroteandaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishra were arrested at secluded place at Aheri bus stand and
    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki & No.2 Pandu Narote were knowing
    accusedno.3HemMishraandtheyweresentbyabscondingnaxal
    accusedNarmadakkatotakeaccusedno.3HemMishratomeether
    andthisfactwascorroboratedbytheevidenceofP.W.9RajuPoriya
    Atramwhoinhisexaminationstatedthataccusedno.2PanduNarote
    tookhimtonaxalNarmadakkaandthereafterNarmadakkahanded
    overhimcashamountofRs.5Lacsinthepacketandon2952013he
    reachedBallarshaRailwayStationat1000a.m.andthereaftertwo
    unknownpersonscamethereandaccusedno.2Panduwenttothem
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    anddiscussedwiththemandthereafteraccusedno.2Pundutookthe
    moneypacketfromhimandgaveittoonepersonoutofthem.

    740] LearnedSpl.P.P.Sathainathanfurthersubmittedthatafter
    arrest of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki, no.2 Pandu Narote and no.3
    HemMishraatsecludedplaceinsuspiciousconditionnearAheriBus
    StandandtheywerebroughttoAheriPoliceStationandfromthe
    personalsearchofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiincriminatingarticles
    threenaxalpamphletsatArticleNos.139,140and141wereseized
    and from the personal search of accused no.2 Pandu Narote
    incriminatingarticleslikePlatformticketofBallarsharailwaystation,
    LokmatMarathinewspaperandumbrellawereseizedandumbrella
    andnewspaperareusedbythemembersofbannedorganisationCPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDFasidentificationcodefor
    memberstorecognizetheidentity.Further,thecontentsofpamphlet
    (Art.139)issuedbyBhakapa(Maowadi),(GadchiroliDivision)shows
    thattherewasopposetotheGovernmentpoliciesimplementedinthe
    Gadchirolidistricti.e.implementationofSurjagadProjectandGreen
    HuntOperationshowinghatredtowardstheGovernment.Onperusal
    ofcontentsofpamphletArt.141itrevealsthatitwaspublishedby
    Bhartachi Communist Party (Maowadi), Maharashtra Rajya Samiti
    titledas ^jk[k lkaHkkGqu Bsok jk[k >kysY;kaph] laiyh ukgh y<kbZ vtqu
    [kSjykathph* andattheenditismentionedthat ^[kSjykath gR;kdkaMkP;k
    lq=/kkjkauk ikBh'kh ?kky.kkjs] iksfylka}kjs nfyrkaP;k gR;k dj.kkjs] nfyrkar
    ng'kr iljfo.kkjs egkjkV 'kklu eqnkZckn !-- uotuoknh dzkafr f>ankckn*
    andappealedpeopletoprotestagainstMaharashtraGovernment.
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    604 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    741] HesubmittedthataccusedNo.1MaheshTirkiandaccused
    No.2 Pandu Narote were circulating the information to the
    undergroundnaxalitesandfoundincitingandabettingthepeoplefor
    violencebyspreadingdisaffectionagainsttheGovernment.Fromthe
    possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra 16 GB memorycard of
    Sandiskcompanycontainingnaxalandmaoistliteratureintheform
    oftextwasseized.Fromtheconfessionalstatementsofaccusedno.1
    MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteitisclearthattheyhadbeento
    Ballarsha Railwaystation for three to four times to receive the
    members of banned organisation CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organisationRDFtotakethematAbuzamadforestareatomeetthe
    undergroundnaxalsandaccordinglyon22.8.2013accusedno.3Hem
    MishraamemberofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontal
    organisationRDFcamefromDelhiatBallarsharailwaystationand
    accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotetookhimtoAheri.
    Thisshowsthataccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteand
    no.3 Hem Mishra are active members of banned organisation CPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDF.

    742] Hesubmittedthatduringinterrogationwithaccusedno.3
    Hem Mishra the involvement of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi was
    revealed and on 1.9.2013 when police officers Rajendra Tiwari
    (P.W.14)andRameshYede(P.W.8)ofPoliceStation, Chichgad,Dist.
    Gondia were patrolling in border area of Chhattisgad near
    Rajnandgaon for search of accused Pahadsing who was wanted in
    CrimeNo.39/2011ofPoliceStation,Chichgadandatthattimethey
    received message on mobile phone that the accused in Crime
    no.3017/2013ofPoliceStation,AheriwereinRaipurareaandso,
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    they proceededtoRaipurandtheycametoknowthattheaccused
    involved in crime no.3017/2013 had gone towards Devari by four
    wheelervehicleandtherefore,theyhadgonetowardsDevariandat
    Chichgad Tpoint they found accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and no.5
    Vijay Tirki as per the description given to them and hence, they
    accostedthemandtookaccusedno.4PrashantRahiandno.5Vijay
    TirkitoAheriPoliceStationandhandedovertoP.W.11SDPOBawche
    whoarrestedbothaccusedandfromthepossessionofaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahieightpapersrelatingMaoistliteraturewerefoundand
    thesamewereseizedunderseizurepanchanama(Exh.179)andfrom
    possessionofaccusedno.5VijayTirki,thearticleslikepiecesofpaper
    (Art.131A to 131D), daily newspaper Dainik Bhaskar dt.1.9.2013
    (Art.132) were seized under panchanama (Exh.179). The above
    information is admitted under section 27 of Indian Evidence Act
    contrarynotclear.

    743] Hesubmittedthatduringinterrogationwithaccusedno.3
    Hem Mishra and no.4 Prashant Rahi involvement of accused no.6
    Saibaba was revealed and Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche
    (P.W.11) got search warrant from the Magistrate P.W.12 Nileshwar
    Vyas and effected search of the house of accused no.6 Saibaba at
    DelhiinpresenceofpanchwitnessJagatBhole(P.W.2)andduringhis
    house search extensive electronic gadgets (Arts.1 to 41) like CDs,
    DVDs,pendrives,harddiscswereseized.

    744] He submitted that from the letter at Art.A21 retrieved


    fromthe16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthe
    personalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMishraitrevealsthattwoyoung
    persons who are young amongst themwould come andthose two
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    personsare accusedno.3HemMishraandno.4PrashantRahiand
    accusedno.3HemMishrawascirculatingthesaiddocumentstothe
    undergroundnaxalsandaccusedno.5VijayTirkihadcometoreceive
    accusedno.4PrashantRahitomeettheundergroundnaxalRamdar
    andfromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.5VijayTirkiincriminating
    article newspaper Dainik Bhaskar which is used by naxals as
    identificationcode.

    745] Hefurthersubmittedthatfindingofseveraldocuments,
    photographs, videoclips in the harddiscs seized from the house
    search of accused no.6 Saibaba and from the CDR of mobile SIM
    cards of accused no.3 Hem Mishra, no.4 Prashant Rahi and no.6
    Saibabaprosecutionhasestablishedthelinkbetweenaccusednos.1
    to6anditshowsthattheywereincontactwitheachother.

    746] He submitted that from the confessional statements of


    accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroterecordedbythe
    MagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyas,itrevealsthataccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote at the instance of lady naxal
    NarmadakkahadbeentoBallarshaRailwaystationtoreceiveaccused
    no.3HemMishraandthereaftertheywerefoundtakinghimtoforest
    areainGadchirolidistricttomeetundergroundnaxalsandtheywere
    arrestednearAheribusstand.Hesubmittedthataccusedno.5Vijay
    Tirki had come to receive accused no.4 Prashant Rahi at Devri
    ChichgadTpointfortakinghimtomeetundergroundnaxalRamdar
    andtheybothwerearrestedatDevriChichgadTpoint. Thisshows
    that accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki, no.2 Pandu Narote, no.3 Hem
    Mishra, no.4 Prashant Rahi, no.5 Vijay Tirki and no.6 Saibaba
    have100%conspiredwitheachotherandtheobjectofconspiracyis
    proved.
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    747] ThelearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathansubmittedthatin
    order to establish the link of all the accused with each other
    prosecutionmainlyreliedonfollowingdocuments:

    1] Inordertoprovethataccusedno.6Saibabais
    using pseudo name Prakash and he made
    correspondence with Comrades of CPI (Maoist),
    prosecutionhasreliedondocumentatpageno.17of
    Exh.267inwhichitismentionedthatPrakashfailed
    to finalise the draft of programme and when the
    draft almost finalised the hard disk of Prakash's
    computergotcrashedandinCFSLreport(Exh.267)
    onthelastpageitismentionedthattheharddiscin
    Ex.1 could not be detected in the Cyber Forensic
    Scientific Laboratory and hence data could not be
    retrievedfromtheharddiscandthesaidharddiscis
    the same as referred at page no.17 of Exh.267.
    Hence, it is clear that said crashed harddisc was
    sent to CFSL Bombay alongwith other electronic
    devices(Art.1to41)anditcouldnotbeopenedin
    the Cyber Forensic Scientific Laboratory. Hence, it
    reveals that the name Prakash mentioned in the
    Secretary's report at page no.17 of Exh.267 is
    nothingbutaccusedno.6Saibabaandfurtheritis
    admitted by P.W.6 Atul Avhad in Maoist group
    membershasaliasnameandtheynormallyusealias
    name.
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    2] FromArticleA21ofExh.266foundin16
    GB memorycard ofSandiskCompanyseizedfrom
    the possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra it
    revealsthataccusedno.6Saibabaistheimportant
    link between the Indian banned organization CPI
    (Maoist) and international fraternal organizations
    which are working under the guidance and
    directionsofCPI(Maoist),Indiaandheisplayinga
    pivotal role for strengthening the organizations
    working under CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organizationsRDF.Thishasrelationwithdocument
    at page no.1 of Exh.267 found in the harddisk
    (Exh.4) seized from the house search of accused
    no.6SaibabaunderseizurepanchanamaExh.165.

    3] From the document at page no.86 of


    Exh.267 which is a document addressed to Dear
    Comrade Arman by accused no.6 Saibaba by his
    pseudo name as Prakash in which he lastly
    suggested to develop the antiimperialist forces to
    themaximumpossibleandfurtherstatedthattheir
    strength is no doubt limited but focus it in a
    directiontogivemaximumresults.

    4] From document at page no.78 of


    Exh.267 having path Exh.4/OLD EHD/OLD/All

    12345/ILPS/DearArman,Exh.267whichisaletter
    writtentoDearArmanwhereinitismentionedthat
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    international organizations are working at the


    instanceofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)andits
    frontalorganizationRDF.

    5] A document at page no.81 of Exh.267


    having path Exh.4/All old and new/others

    /international/dear GNSaibaba addressed to


    accusedno.6SaibababyUfukBerdam,Chairperson
    of the International Relation Commission ATIK
    shows the international relationship with
    CPI(Maoist)inforeignofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    6] A document at page no.92 of Exh.267


    havingpathExh.4/OLDEHD/Allothers2/Arrange

    /Azadmatter/Communist/Movementiswrittenby
    Communist Party MaoistItaly, Communist Party
    MaoistFrance and Communist Party MaoistTurkey
    NorthKurdistanshowstheinternationalrelationship
    ofCPI(Maoist)India.

    7] AdocumentatPageno.224ofExh.267
    having path Ex4/C/Ritu 13 March/my
    documents/open letter.final Jul.A09 is a Open
    Letter addressed to Dear Comarade from the
    Communist Party of India (Maoist) and from this
    letter it shows that there was correspondence in
    betweenCentralCommitteeCPI(Maoist)Indiaand
    CommunistPartyNepal(Maoist).
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    8] From the document at Page no.10 of


    Exh.267 titled as CPBhutan (MLM) Bikalp it is
    clear that there were correspondence with
    CommunistPartyBhutan(Maoist)byCPI(Maoist),
    India.

    9] Fromthedocumentsatpageno.137and
    139ofExh.267undertheletterheadOfficeofthe
    Prime Minister Transnational Government of
    TamilEelam,875AvenueoftheAmericas,Suite,
    NewYork,USAfoundintheharddiscseizedfrom
    thehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabashowsthe
    international connection and link between
    Comrades of CPI (Maoist) of international
    organizationswithCPI(Maoist).

    10] The document at page no.208 of


    Exh.267 addressed to Dear Comrades written by
    accusedno.6SaibababypseudonamePrakashin
    which accused no.6 Saibaba was given
    responsibilitiesofDelhiandNorthIndia.

    11] In the document at page no.119 of


    Exh.267andon9thpageofthisdocumentstrategy
    ofMaoistandinterviewwithaccusedno.6Saibaba
    ismentioned.
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    12] ThedocumenttitledasDraftManifesto
    ofRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)atArt.
    159 having path ex. 4/31.12.12/RDF Conference

    material/DRAFT MANIFESTO OF RDF


    amendedbyconference andatpageno.10ofthis
    documentAimsandTasksofRDFweregiven.

    13] The document Art.147 having path


    Exh23/ALLL/Accommodation issues/Letters/
    lettertoSaibabawrittenbyoneSurendraMohanto
    accusedno.6Saibabainwhichitismentionedthat
    hecannotbepartoftheCPI(Maoist)program,ashe
    neversubscribedtoviolentresistance.

    748] ThelearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathanhasreliedonthe
    followingphotographstoprovetheconspiracyagainstaccusedNo.3,
    4&6:

    1] Inthephotographatpageno.148ofExh.267
    accusedno.6SaibabaisseenwithPrachanda,the
    leaderofCPI(Maoist)Nepal.

    2] Inthephotographatpageno.150ofExh.267
    Prachandaisseenwithaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    3] Inaphotographatpageno.143accusedno.6
    Saibabaisseenonleftsideofthedaisalongwith
    othereightpersons.
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    4] In a photograph at page no.144 of Exh.267


    bannerofKrantikariJanwadiMorchaisappearing
    and in the said programme accused no.3 Hem
    Mishra is standing on the stage addressing to
    people and accused no.6 Saibaba is seen on the
    rightsideofthestage.

    5] In a photograph at page no.135 of Exh.267


    accusedno.6Saibabaisseenaddressingfromstage
    underthebannerofTheUnspokenGenocide:War
    crimesinSrilanka.

    6] Ina photograph at pageno.143ofExh.267


    accused no.6 Saibaba is seen in public meeting
    under the banner of STOP THE WAR OF
    GENOCIDEOFTAMILSINSRILANKA,heldatNew
    Delhi.

    7] In a photograph at page no.160 of Exh.267


    whereinaccusedno.6Saibabaisseenonstage.

    8] In a photograph at page no.158 of Exh.267


    accusedno.3HemMishraisseen.

    9] In a photograph at page no.38 of Exh.267


    accused no.3 Hem Mishra is seen singing a song
    withDafli.
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    10] Inaphotograph at pageno.152ofExh.267


    accused no.6 Saibaba is seen alongwith Nepal
    MaoistleaderRonaWilson.

    11] In a photograph at page no.150 of Exh.267
    accusedno.6SaibabaisseenwithMaoistleadersof
    Nepal i.e. Baburam Bhattarai and Nepal Maoist
    leaderPrachanda.

    12] Inaphotographatpageno.148accusedno.6
    Saibaba is seen with Nepal Maoist leader
    Prachanda.

    13] Inaphotographatpageno.147accusedno.6
    Saibaba is seen addressing the public meeting
    underthebannerofStopArmyEncroachmentIn
    Bastar!.

    749] ThelearnedSpl.P.P.ShriSathainathanhasrelied onthe


    followingvideoclipsfoundinelectronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)seized
    from the house search of accused no.6 Saibaba under seizure
    panchanama Exh.165 in which the accused no.3 Hem Mishra and
    accusedno.4PrashantRahiwereseen.Theyareasunder:

    1] In videoclip having path Exh.7/Exh.71/


    (1)DVD/ 091204/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1 accused
    no.3 Hem Mishra is seen in the audience of the
    meetingforConventionagainstWaronPeopleheld
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    at New Delhi on 4th December 2009 by Forum


    AgainstWaronPeopleandaccusedno.6Saibabais
    satonthedais.

    2] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films/s1/


    RDF/2/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1, accused no.6
    Saibabaandaccusedno.4 Prashant Rahiisfound
    sittingintheaudiencewhereoneladyisshouting
    slogans demanding return of Army from Kashmir
    andforliberationofKashmir.

    750] Findingof abovevideoclipsandphotographsfound in


    theharddiscofaccusedno.6Saibaba,itisclearthataccusedno.3
    HemMishra,accusedno.4PrashantRahiandaccusedno.6Saibaba
    werehavingrelationsamongstthem.

    751] He submitted that in the present case there are six


    arrestedaccusedandthreeabscondingaccusedbynameladynaxal
    Narmadakka,RamdarandRajeshandtheevidenceintotalityclearly
    established that there was conspiracy between accused nos.1 to 6
    alongwith absconding accused which clearly shows from the
    documentscontainedinelectronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)seizedfrom
    thepossessionofaccusedno.6Saibabaand16GBmemorycardfrom
    the possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra and three pamphlets
    seizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandthedaily
    newspaperDainikBhaskarseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.2
    Pandu Narote and accused no.5 Vijay Tirki and the documents 8
    pagesatArt.130Afoundinpossessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.
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    He submitted that the confessional statements of accused no.1


    MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteclearlydemonstratetheroleof
    abscondingladynaxalleaderNarmadakka,RamdarandRajesh.He
    submitted that since 1996accusedno.6Saibaba,jointSecretaryof
    AIPRFwasactivememberofbannedorganizationandfromtimeto
    timebannedorganisationsmergedintootherorganizationsRDFand
    hatched conspiracy with Raj Kishor, Secretary of SFPR and
    subsequentlyfromtimetotimewithotherorganisationsandaccused
    No.1to6.

    752] He submittedthatconsideringthehugeelectronicmaterial
    regardingtheprogrammes,pamphlets,correspondence,agenda,audio
    and video clips of such banned organization of terrorists gang and
    arrangingthemeetingsandsupportingtheideologyofCPI(Maoist)a
    banned organization clearly shows that accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki,
    accused no.2 Pandu Narote, accused no.3 Hem Mishra, accused no.4
    PrashantRahi,accusedno.5VijayTirkiandaccusedno.6Saibabawere
    theactivemembersofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontal
    organizationRDF. Hence,considering thefactsandcircumstancesof
    the case it is clear that all the accused nos.1 to 6 were found in
    contactwitheachotherandtheycommittedcriminalconspiracyand
    committedtheoffencespunishableu/s13,18,20,38and39ofUAPA
    readwithSection120BofIPCandhenceheprayedforconvictionof
    accusedNo.1to6.

    753] In support of his submission he placed reliance on the


    judgment of Apex Court in case of Vijayan v. State of Kerala
    reportedin1999SupremeCourtCases(Cri)378whereinitisheld
    that
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    F. Penal Code, 1860 Ss. 120B and 302


    CriminalconspiracyProsecutionmustestablisha
    connectionbetweenallegedconspiracyandactdone
    pursuanttothesaidconspiracy.

    ArgumentofAdvocateShriGadlingfortheaccusedonLawof
    ConspiracyandUAPA

    754] Percontra,thelearnedAdvocateShriGadlingforaccused
    submitted that for the application of Section 20 of UAPA it is not
    sufficientthatorganisationistobedeclaredasTerroristOrganisation
    butithastobeprovedbytheprosecutionthatthesaidorganisationis
    involvedinterroristact.Thereisnooralordocumentaryevidenceon
    recordtoshowthattheCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDF
    areaterroristorganisationandbarereadingofSection20ofUAPA
    revealsthatmeremembershipofbannedorganisationisnotsufficient
    unless it is proved that organisation is involved in terrorist act as
    definedunderSection15ofUAPA.Hesubmittedthatevenassuming
    for the sake of argument that accused are connected with CPI
    (Maoist)organisationstillprosecutionhasnotadducedanyoralor
    documentaryevidenceshowingthatCPI(Maoist)andRDFisinvolved
    inanysortofterroristactivities.

    755] He submitted that provisions of TADA and POTA


    (repealed)areinparamateriawithprovisionsofUAPAsincerepeated
    andtheobservationsofApexCourtwhiledecidingcaseisunderTADA
    isallverymuchapplicabletodecidethecaseunderUAPA.Insupport
    ofhissubmissionheplacedrelianceonthecaseofKalpnathRaivs.
    Statereportedin(1997)8SupremeCourtCases732whereinitis
    observedthat
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    A. Terrorist and Disruptive Activities


    (Prevention)Act,1987S.3(5)(asinsertedbyAct
    43 of 1993), S. 3(1), (2) and (3) Essential
    requirementsofS.3(5)Expressionterroristactin
    S.3(5)MeaningofHeld,includesconspiracyto
    committerroristactorabetment,incitement,etc.of
    such acts Acts enumerated in subsection (3)
    cannot be delinked from those specified in sub
    section(1)Inabsenceofanyevidencetoshowthat
    terrorist gang of which accused were members
    committedanyterroristactaftercommencementof
    amended Act 43 of 1993 conviction cannot be
    sustained.

    There are two postulates in subsection (5).


    Firstisthattheaccusedshouldhavebeenamember
    ofaterroristsgangof'terrorists'organisationafter
    23.5.1993. Second is that the said gang or
    organizationshouldhavebeeninvolvedinterrorist
    acts subsequent to 23.5.1993. Unless both
    postulatesexisttogetherSection3(5)cannotbeused
    againstanyperson.

    It would be illogical to delink the acts


    enumeratedinsubsection(3)fromthosespecified
    insubsection(1)forthepurposeofunderstanding
    the meaning of terrorist act indicated in Section
    3(5).

    756] He submittedthat amendment toSection 15and16of


    UAPAwereeffectedintheyear2008,theprosecutionhastoprove
    thatafteramendmentintheyear2008theaccusedarethemembers
    ofbannedterroristorganisationanditisnotsufficienttoprovethat
    sometimesinpastaccusedweremembersofbannedorganisationi.e.
    beforetheamendmentintheyear2008.
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    Conclusion
    onLawofConspiracyandUAPA

    757] The accused Nos.1 to 6 being the members of banned


    terroristorganizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF
    hatchedcriminalconspiracyandtheobjectofthesaidconspiracywas
    tocreateviolence,tocausepublicdisorderandtospreaddisaffection
    towardstheCentralGovernmentandtheStateGovernmentandin
    pursuance of the saidcriminalconspiracyaccusednos.1to 6 were
    foundinpossessionofprintednaxalliterature,circulatinginformation
    whichispromotionalliteratureofterroristorganizationintheformof
    booklets, pamphlets, correspondence, writings, reports of the
    meetings,letters,emails,speechesinaudio,videoandtextformats
    contained in electronic gadgets like CDs, DVDs, pendrives, hard
    discs, memorycards and found using the same for circulation
    amongstthemembersofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)andits
    frontalorganisationRDFandotherpersonsforcreatingviolenceand
    causingpublicdisorder.

    758] Inordertoprovetheconspiracybetweenaccusedpersons
    fortheoffencepunishableundersections13,18,20,38and39of
    UAPAreadwithSection120BofIPCprosecutionhasreliedonseveral
    text documents, videoclips and photographs seized from house
    searchofaccusedno.6SaibabaandnaxalpamphletsArts.no.139to
    141seizedfromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,
    eight papers relating to naxal literature seized from the personal
    searchofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiatExh.130AandArts.A17to
    A21textdocumentsfoundinthe16GBmemorycardseizedfromthe
    personalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMishra.Inordertodetermine
    theactofeachaccusedintheconspiracyitisnecessarytoseewhat
    role is played by each accused while carrying out the object of
    conspiracy.
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    Roleofaccusedno.6Saibaba

    759] Duringinterrogationwithaccusedno.3HemMishraand
    accusedno.4PrashantRahi,theinvolvementofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    was revealed and thereafter Investigating Officer Suhas Bawche
    (P.W.21)soughtpermissionfromJMFCAheriVyas(P.W.12)fortaking
    housesearchofaccusedno.6SaibabaatDelhiandaftertakingthe
    permission he alongwith Maharashtra police went to Delhi on
    12.9.2013 and with the help of police staff of Moris Nagar Police
    StationatDelhiandinpresenceofpanchwitnessJagatBhole(P.W.2)
    searchofthehouseofaccusedno.6Saibabawasconductedandfrom
    hishousesearchextensiveelectronicgadgetsCDs,DVDs,pendrives,
    memory cards, harddiscs (Art no.1 to 41) and other articles like
    magazine Janapratirodh, one printout, photograph of lady naxal
    withgun,bookbynamePrashembabuMaowadiNahiHain,booklet
    with title People's Hero Comrade Kishanji, one magazine The
    arrestedregardingbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontal
    organizationRDFwereseizedunderpanchanamaatExh.165.

    Accusedno.6SaibabaisfounderofRDF.

    760] Following are the text documents, videoclips and


    photographsfoundintheelectronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)CDs,DVDs,
    pendrives,harddiscsseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    SaibabaunderseizurepanchanamaExh.165,whichshowtheroleof
    accusedno.6Saibaba.ThetextdocumentswereretrievedbyCFSL,
    Bombay and the text documents contain 247 pages. Those were
    certifiedbyCFSL,MumbaiandfiledalongwithCFSLreportExh.267.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    ThetextdocumentsArts.A17toA21retrievedandcertifiedbyCFSL,
    MumbaiarefiledvideCFSLreportExh.266,furtheratthetimeof
    recordingstatementofaccusedu/s313ofCr.P.C.thetextdocuments
    not forming part of pages 247 were shown to accused no.3 Hem
    Mishra, no.4PrashantRahiandno.6Saibabaonthelaptopofthe
    Court and those were compared from the soft copies supplied to
    defence displayed on their laptop and as per the application of
    defenceatExh.246printoutsofthosedocumentsweretakenandone
    copyofeachdocumentwasgiventothedefenceandtheprosecution.
    ThesedocumentsareatArts.147to164:

    1] Article 157 having path ex.

    4/31.12.12/rdfpdfi/resolution/
    ECResolutions/JointMeetingofAIPRF and SFPR
    200505_ Modified titled as Joint Meeting of
    AIPRF and SFPR. In the said document it is
    mentionedthataccusedno.6Saibabaattendedthe
    meeting as a Secretary of AIPRF alongwith Raj
    Kishore,SecretaryofSFPRandinthesaidmeeting
    asperResolution1itwasresolvedtounifyAIPRF
    andSFPRintooneorganisationwithanewname
    Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) andRDF
    shall work with slogans like Naxalbary Ekhi
    Rastha, Andhra Bihar, Jharkhand Chattisgah
    Dikhata hain Rastha and thereby merged AIPRF
    and SFPR into Revolutionary Democratic Front
    (RDF) and to that effect press conference was
    conductedbyaccusedno.6SaibabaandRajkishore
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    whoweretheSecretariesofbothAIPRFandSFPR.
    Further it is mentioned in this document that
    Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) accepted
    theideologyofCPI(Maoist) andthereareseveral
    letters found in the electronic gadgets 16 GB
    memorycardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthe
    possessionofaccusedno.3HemMishraandArts.1
    to41CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddiscsseizedfrom
    thehousesearchofaccusedno.6SAibabawritten
    bythemembersofCPI(Maoist)totheircomrades.

    2] Thedocumentatpageno.1ofExh.267having
    path Exh4/rdf/june 2012/conference
    material/RDFfirstconference/Secretary'sreport
    final unamended titled as Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF) FirstConferenceofthe
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)dated22
    23 April, Sundaraiya Veigyan Bhavan,
    Hyderabad, Telangana addressed to Comrades
    and Friends starting the word 'Red salute' to all
    delegatesinwhichitismentionedthatin2005two
    organizations i.e. All India Peoples' Resistance
    Forum (AIPRF)andStrugglingForumforPeoples'
    Resistance (SFPR) merged into Revolutionary
    Democratic Front (RDF) which was declared on
    23rdMay(NaxalbariDay)inaPressConferencein
    Delhianditisfurthermentionedinthisdocument
    thatInthecurrentperiodofworldeconomiccrisis
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    622 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    and the political turmoil, the political and


    organizationalresponsibilitiesofRDFhavebecome
    evenmoreimportant.In2005,keepinginmindthe
    existent economic, political and social conditions
    and after analyzing the material condition of the
    antiimperialist antifeudal mass movements, the
    two organizations All India Peoples Resistance
    Forum (AIPRF) andStrugglingForumforPeoples
    Resistance (SFPR) merged to form Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF).

    3] Thereisphotographofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    appearing in the conference dated 2223 April
    having path Exh.3/new folder(2)/
    allmetters1/photos/rdfconvention at Sr.No.
    DSC0653 at page no.33 of Exh.267 in which
    accused no.6 Saibaba is seen addressing to the
    people under the banner of Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF),AllIndiaFirstConference
    22, 23 April 2012 held at Sundarayya Vignana
    BhavanatHyderabad,Telangana andbelowthat
    Turn the prevailing world economic crisis into
    revolutionary crisis, Stop operation green hunt.
    WithdrawthearmedforcesfromBastariswritten.
    Fromthis,itisclearthataccusedno.6Saibabais
    thefoundermemberofRDF.

    4] There is videoclip having path


    Exh.3/films/S1/RDF/1/ video_TS, VTS _01_1
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    623 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    whichwasseizedfromthehouseofaccusedno.6
    Saibaba underpanchanamaExh.165inwhichthe
    venueandstageof1stconfrenceofRDFisshownin
    which one banner is seen having contents STOP
    OPERATION GREEN HUNT RDF WITHDRAW
    THE ARMED FORCES FROM BASTAR, ON THE
    GATE BANNER IT IS WRITTEN REVOLUTIONARY
    DEMOCRATIC FRONT(RDF) ALL INDIA1ST
    CONFERENCE 2223 APRIL 2012 HYDERABAD
    TELANGANA, and the banners showing the
    contents SHAHID COMRADE NAGINAMAJHEE
    MANCH, and in the said videoclip accused no.6
    Saibabaisseenenteringthevenueamidstbeatsof
    drums.

    5] There is a document at page no.210 of


    Exh.267titledasRevolutionaryDemocraticFront
    (RDF),TheFirstAllIndiaConference.Itis'press
    release' dated 23 April 2012. The address of
    conference mentioned in the document is
    Sundarayya Vignana Bhavan at Hyderabad,
    Telangana and it was written by accused no.6
    SaibabainthecapacityofDeputySecretaryofRDF,
    afrontalorganisationofCPI(Maoist).

    761] Theaccusedno.6SaibabawasinitiallyactingasAssistant
    SecretaryofRDFandthisfactisreflectedinthedocumentatArt.157
    titledasJointMeetingofAIPRFandSFPRanditisclearfromthe
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    Resolutionno.2ofthesaiddocumentthattheaccusedno.6Saibaba
    wasdeclaredasaAssistantSecretaryofRDF.

    762] Thereafter accused no.6 Saibaba was acting as Deputy


    SecretaryofRDFandthisfactisclearfromthefollowingdocuments

    1] Fromthedocumentatpageno.119ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisc Exh.4 having path
    Exh.4/OLDEHD/OLD/All12345 titledasMaoist
    StrategyinIndiawithSubtitleAninterviewwith
    G.N.Saibaba, it is clear that accused no.6 G.N.
    Saibabaisdesignatedasthedeputysecretaryofthe
    Revolutionary Democratic Front, an all Indian
    Federationofrevolutionaryorganizations.

    2] Thedocumentatpageno.210ofExh.267titled
    as Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF), The
    FirstAllIndiaConferenceisaPressReleasedated
    23April2012heldatHyderabad,Telanganainpara
    2ofthedocumentitismentionedthataccusedno.6
    Saibaba is a Deputy Secretary of RDF, which is a
    frontalorganisationofCPI(Maoist).

    763] Thereafteraccusedno.6SaibabawasdesignatedasJoint
    SecretaryofRDFandtothateffectitisnecessarytolookhaveonthe
    followingvideos
    1] Fromthe videoclip havingpath Exh.3/RDFConference
    video/9DVD/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_4, it is seen that comrade
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    RajkishoreisseendeclaringnewofficebearersoftheRDFandfurther
    comrade Varavarara's declared as a President, comrade
    Ghantiprasadam as a Vice President and accused no.6 Saibaba is
    declared as a JointSecretary alongwithcomradeJeetanMarandi
    who was in jail, further Rajkishore declared Comrade Ajay as a
    TreasurerofRDF.

    764] Thedocument atpageno.41ofExh.267havingpath


    Exh.4/Oct.2010/people res/material on JP/interview with G.N.
    Saibaba is an interview of accused no.6 Saibaba. From this
    document it is clear that accused no.6 Saibaba has given said
    interview in the capacity of VicePresident of Revolutionary
    Democratic Front on the Revolutionary and Democratic
    MovementsinIndiabyKaFranka.

    765] In the videoclip having path Exh.3/RDF Conference


    video/9DVD/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3,accusedno.6Saibabawasseen
    onRDF'sfirstconferencestageandrequestingRajkishoretodeclare
    the new panel of RDFandRajkishore declaresthe new panel and
    calleduponallthemembersondaisandthesememberswerefifteen
    innumbersstandingandholdingandraisingtheirhandstowardsthe
    audiencealongwithaccusedno.6Saibaba,oneofthepanelmember.

    Accusedno.6SaibabahasdraftedtheconstitutionofRDF

    766] Theaccusedno.6SaibabahasdraftedconstitutionofRDF
    andthisfactisclearfromthedocumentatArticle159havingpath
    ex.4/31.12.12/RDFConferencematerial/DRAFTMANIFESTO OF
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    626 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    RDFamendedbyconference.Fromthisdocumentitisclearthatit
    isareviseddraftasperECsuggestionstitledas,DraftManifestoof
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)anditisclearthataccused
    no.6SaibabaprepareddraftmanifestoofRDFand heisfounderof
    RDFandthisfactisalsoclearfromthedocumentatpageno.17of
    Exh.267andfromthedocumentatpageno.17ofExh.267takenout
    from the hard disc Exh.4 having path Exh.22/recovered
    folder/folder 003/Secretary's report, titled as Secretary's report
    regarding review of RDF work since its formation it shows that
    responsibilityofpreparationofdraftmanifestowasgiventoaccused
    no.6Saibababa.

    Prakashisnothingbutaccusedno.6Saibaba

    767] Following are the documents showing that Prakash is


    nothingbutaccusedno.6Saibaba

    1] The document at page no.17 of Exh.267


    taken out from the hard disc Exh.4 having path
    Exh.22/recovered folder/folder 003/Secretary's
    report, titled as Secretary's report regarding
    review of RDF work since its formation shows
    thatresponsibilityofpreparationofdraftmanifesto
    was given to accused no.6 Saibababa and the
    contentsofthesamearereproducedasunder
    Prakash failed to finalise the programme and
    constitution of A4 by incorporating amendments
    accepted in the conference. The inordinate delay
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    hadhappenedbecauseofseveralreasons.Firstofall
    hemadeseveralrevisionsofthedraftwiththehelp
    ofTM/BDSandRR.Thistookalotoftime.After
    thiswhenthedraftalmostfinalised,theharddiskof
    Prakashs computer got crashed. He made several
    effortstoretrievethedatabutcouldntretrieveit.
    Mean while Prakash was not well and he faced
    several problems. comrade Jaddu advised Prakash
    toredothefinalisationofthedraftwithouthanding
    overthisworktoanyoneelse.Prakashtriedtodo
    the work but couldnt complete it. According to
    prosecution four harddiscs were seized from the
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba and those
    weresenttoCFSL,Mumbaiforexamination.CFSL,
    Mumbai examined the same and one harddisc
    could not be detected. This fact is mentioned in
    CFSL,reportExh.267.Theharddiscwhichwasnot
    detectedisthesameofwhichreferencehascomein
    documentatPageno.17ofExh.267.

    2] From the letter (Art.A21) of Exh.266


    addressedtoComradebyoneJadduandPrakash
    dated 1st August 2013 it is clear that demand of
    fund of Rs.2 Lacs was made for meeting the
    expensesofbannedorganisationandthesaidletter
    was written by Jaddu and Prakash to Dear
    Comrades.AsdiscussedabovePrakashisnothing
    but accused no.6 Saibaba and the said text
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    document was found in the 16 GB memorycard


    seized from personal search of accused no.3 Hem
    MishravidepanchanamaExh.137.

    3] Theletteratpageno.206ofExh.267takenout
    from the harddisc Exh.4 having path
    Exh.4/Data/personal addressed toSecretarySub
    CommitteeonMassOrganization(SUCOMO)CPI
    (Maoist) written by Prakash dated 2 December
    2006, inwhich itismentionedthataccusedno.6
    SaibabahasbeenservingontheallIndiaFraction
    Committee under the Subcommittee on Mass
    Organization (SUCOMO) under the Central
    CommitteeofthePartysince1996andheisdeeply
    paintedbythetreatmentmetedouttowardshimby
    somecomradesalltheseyearsandhefindshimself
    in a more aggravated situation and not in a
    psychological condition to bear the situation. His
    health is also not cooperating to face the present
    aggressiveattitudeofthesecomradestowardshim
    and therefore, he submitted his resignation of his
    primary membership of the party and to the
    Fraction Committee andhe also resignedfrom all
    thecommitteesoftheMassFrontswhereverhewas
    amember.Lastly,heofferedapologyfortakingthis
    decisionatatimewhenheshouldhavebeendoing
    more quality work in building the mass work
    entrusted with by the Party. His decision of
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    resignation to the Party membership and all Mass


    Fronts is final and nonnegotiable and he would
    soon submit adetailed letter ofresignation. This
    showsthatitisaresignationletterbyaccusedno.6
    SaibabaanditbearshispseudonamePrakashand
    hisphysicalconditionisreflectedinthesaidletter.

    4] Further Prakash is nothing but accused no.6


    Saibaba is crystal clear from the wording of the
    document at page no.208of Exh.267 havingpath
    Ex4/Cy47513Ex4/c/Allother whichisaletter
    addressed to Dear Comrades by Prakash (i.e.
    accused no.6 Saibaba) in which it is mentioned
    thatbecauseofhandicapnessaccusedno.6Saibaba
    isunsuitablefortheworkoforganization.

    5] InthedocumentatArticle150retrievedfrom
    the harddiscs seized from the house search of
    accusedno.6Saibabawhichwaswrittenbyaccused
    no.6SaibabaaddressedtoProfessorAnandkrishnan
    showsthathe(accusedno.6Saibaba)wasphysically
    handicappedpersonwithaseveredeformity(90%)
    andhisbothlowerlimbswereaffectedbypolioin
    hischildhoodandhecannotstandorwalkonhis
    ownandhemoveinawheelchair.

    6] From the documents having path


    Exh.5/Saibaba/accommodation issue 2013/
    Manjeerapassport,PHCertificate retrievedfrom
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    the harddiscs seized from the house search of


    accused no.6 Saibaba it shows that in these
    documentstheIdentitycardofSt.XavioursSenior
    Secondary School, 4, Rajnivas Marg, Delhi of
    G.Manjeera and her parent's name is Mr. G.N.
    Saibaba (Accused no.6 Saibaba) and Mrs. A.S.
    Vasanta(wifeofaccusedno.6Saibaba)arewritten,
    also certificate for physically handicapped person
    issued by All India Medical Sciences, New Delhi,
    DepartmentofPhysicalMedicineandRehabilitation
    on 09/07/2003 in the name of accused no.6
    Saibabaisseen.

    768] Itisalsothedefenceoftheaccusedthateverymemberof
    CPI(Maoist)grouphasaliasname.Tothateffectsuggestionwasalso
    giventotheinformantP.W.6AtulAvhadinhiscrossexaminationand
    headmittedthateverymemberofCPI(Maoist)grouphasaliasname
    andtheynormallyusedtheiraliasname.

    769] Hence,itisclearthataccusedno.6Saibabawasusinghis
    pseudo name as Prakash in his letter correspondence to the
    Comrades of banned organisation CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organisationRDFandhencethecontentionofthedefencethatthe
    letterswritteninthenameofPrakashwerenotwrittenbyaccused
    no.6Saibabacannotbeaccepted.

    Followingaretheincriminatingdocumentsfoundinelectronic
    gadgets(Arts.1to41)seizedfromthehousesearchofaccused
    no.6SaibabashowinghisactivitiesinRDF
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    1] AdocumentatPageno.41ofExh.267having
    path Exh.4/Oct.2010/people res/material on

    JP/interviewwithG.N.Saibabaisan Interviewof
    accused no.6 Saibaba, VicePresident of
    Revolutionary Democratic Front on the
    Revolutionary and Democratic Movements in
    India byKaFrankinwhichaccusedno.6Saibaba
    statedthathestartedworkinginanantiimperialist
    organizationformedattheallIndialevelcalledAll
    India Peoples' Resistance Forum (AIPRF) and the
    AIPRF in 2005 merged with other similar
    organizations to form Revolutionary Democratic
    Front(RDF)anditsmembersarebeingbrandedas
    havinglinkswithCPI(Maoist)justbecauseitalso
    believes in revolutionary transformation of Indian
    Society. Hundredsofitsfunctionarieseithersuffer
    in prisonsorworkindifferentforms. Hefurther
    stated regarding the fact of strengthening and
    expanding the party and to struggle against
    repression in developing campaigns and unlawful
    organization and lastly to support all anti
    imperialist struggles and peoples' wars on the
    internationallevel.Herepliedtooneofthequestion
    thattheRDFbelievesthatmilitantmobilizationof
    basic classes of the people is the only way to
    democratizetheSouthAsianSubcontinentandRDF
    also involves in building and participating in the
    larger United Fronts of different democratic and
    antiimperialist forces in the country. From this
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    documentitisclearthataccusedno.6Saibabaisthe
    founder member of RDF, frontal organization of
    bannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)andhehaslink
    withCPI(Maoist).

    2] In another interview at page no.119 of


    Exh.267takenoutfromtheharddiscExh.4having
    path Exh.4/OLD EHD/OLD/All 12345 titled as
    Maoist Strategy in India with Sub title An
    interview with G.N.Saibaba, accused no.6
    Saibabastatedthat heisthe deputysecretary of
    the Revolutionary Democratic Front,an all Indian
    Federation of revolutionary organizations and
    furtherstatedthattheMaoistarefollowingthenew
    democratic method proved by China under the
    leadershipofMaothattherevolutionarymovements
    mustputpriorityonworkingintheareaswherethe
    stateisweak. TheMaoistsworkinthebackward
    regionstosmashthelocalgovernmentandestablish
    people'spower.Theybuildbasesinthesebackward
    areas.Thisdoesn'tmeanthattheydon'talsowork
    in the cities. In fact, in the party congress in
    January/February 2007 they decided to increase
    theirworkintheurbanareas.Theyhaveproduced
    a new document concerning work in the urban
    areas that analyses the work done the last thirty
    years. This document sets out a strategy for
    developingtheworkintheurbanareas.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    770] Inthesaidinterviewaccusedno.6Saibabasaidthatthe
    Maoistsdoworkintheurbanareasamongtheworkingclassesand
    the middle classes. This has secondary importance. The primary
    importance is to capture the villages first and develop the armed
    struggle withpeasantsasthemainforceandwiththeworkingclass
    astheleadership.Thismeansnotjustthephysicalworkersbutthose
    ofthepeoplethathavetheproletarianideologyandwithoutproperly
    oftheirownMaoistsdocombinelegalandtheillegalstrugglesasfar
    asthereisspaceinlegalmeansavailable.Whateverlittlelegalspace
    there is, it's being used to the maximum extent possible. But the
    ruling classes don't allow thee use legal means and different
    institutionsofdemocracy. Participatinginelectionsisnottheonly
    way to participate in legal and urban spaces. Even boycotting
    elections is a highly political activity, which is another way of
    participatingpoliticallywithinthegivendemocraticspacethatexists
    inIndia.FirstofalltheMaoistsareconcentratingongainingpower
    forthepeopletobuildpeople'sdemocraticrevolutionaryinstitutions.
    Whenthisisachievedinlargeareastheywillgetmorespaceinthe
    urbancentersandinstitutions.

    771] ItisfurthermentionedintheinterviewinNote2thatthe
    followingisacloserdescriptionofthecommunistmovementinIndia
    todayaccordingtoaccusedno.6Saibabaandtherearethreedifferent
    mainstreams oftherevolutionarymovementlike(a)CPNmaoist
    peopleswar(b)Cpi(ml)naxalbari,ctandothersarealsoMaoistand
    close to the Maoists. Also CPRCML, Red Flag, Communist
    Revolutionary Platform, CCICP(ml), CPI(ml)central team, CPM
    (ml)newdemocracy.Theseareallsmall,buttheyhaveamassbase.
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    Theypartakeinmassstrugglesbutdonotfollowacorrecttrack.They
    followarightdeviationistline.CP(ml)liberationisnowfastturningto
    revisionism,afairlylargeparty.Therearenoleftrevisionistgroups
    remaining. There used to be Lin Biao groups, they hardly exist
    anymore.

    772] Furtheraccusedno.6Saibabastatedinthesaidinterview
    that the last stream i.e. (c) of the revolutionary movement is
    mentioned in above document is that Communist League(ml) split
    fromtheCPI(ml)originallyinthe1970s.TheybelievethatIndiais
    capitalist.Theysplitintofivedifferentgroups.Theyareverysmall.
    Theyworkinurbanareas.Theyarepettybourgeois.Theyconstitutea
    democratic voice in the country today. They voice the urban
    democraticintellectuals. Inthesaidinterviewaccusedno.6Saibaba
    gavedetailedhistoryoforganisationofCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontal
    organisationRDFrightfrom1970.

    773] From the document Article130A which was found in


    possessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiisrelatingtoBriefReview
    of FC in which the responsibilities of FC allotted to Jaddu and
    Chetan in the FC meeting were mentioned. Further document at
    Article130A seized from the possession of accused no.4 Prashant
    RahishowsthatthepersonnamedChetanwasgivenresponsibility
    ofWestBengal,KeralaandDelhiandthisfactiscorroboratedfrom
    thecontentsofArt.155retrievedfromtheharddiscseizedfromthe
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba tiled as Revolutionary

    DemocraticFront(RDF),AllIndiaECMeetingheldon8and9th
    May 2007, Delhi in which it is stated that the responsibilities of
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    WestBengal, KeralaandDelhiwasgivento accusedno.6Saibaba,


    and hence, it is clear that accused no.6 Saibaba is also known as
    Chetan.

    Followingaretheincriminatingvideoclipsfoundintheharddisc
    seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabashowing
    hisactivitiesinRDF.

    1] Inthevideocliphavingpath Exh.9/mydvd/
    VTS_01_1accusedno.6Saibabaisseensayingthat
    he got inspiration from Kishanji and in the said
    video accused no.6 Saibaba seen addressing the
    meetingheldonthetributeonthedeathofKishanji
    whereheisseensayingthathegotinspirationfrom
    Kishanjiandfurtherthemeetingisheldunderthe
    banner QthZ eqBHksM vkSj gR;kds f[kykQ la;qDr dUosa'ku
    lanHkZ dk- fd'kuth.

    2] Invideocliphavingpath Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE
    LAAL/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1armednaxalsareseen
    walking in jungle and background sound of CPI
    (Maoist) Party spokesperson Aazad played and
    states that Maoism teaches us self preservation is
    possibleonlythroughwarandshowstheinterviews
    ofsomenaxals.

    3] Invideocliphavingpath Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE
    LAAL/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2armednaxalsareseen
    coming for gathering for function in jungle and
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    greetingeachotheralsomanyredbannersareseen
    andonone banneritisseen thenamecomrade
    Janki (Anuradha Gandhi) Amar Rahe and further
    the gathered armed naxals and other peoples
    shoutedtheslogansasBharatkiCommunistParty
    Maowadi Zindabad, Bharat kiNavJanwadiKranti
    Zindabadandfurtherencounterbyarmednaxalsin
    whichpolicepersonswerekilledisseen.

    4] Invideocliphavingpath Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE
    LAAL/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3 armed naxals in
    uniformareseentakingtrainingoffiringinjungle
    and background sound of CPI (Maoist) party
    spokespersonAazadplayedandhestatesaboutthe
    CPI(Maoist)armedstrengthandtheinterviewsof
    onenaxalinuniformabouttheKudruambushand
    CPI (Maoist) promotional video is seen how the
    ambushonpolicepartyisexecuted.

    5] In videoclip having path Exh.16/(1)


    NAXILISTES/ VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1 armed naxals
    inuniformareseenwalkinginjungleandcamping,
    attending public meeting showing naxal tactics in
    jungle.

    6] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DK MATTERS/Bhoomkal
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    programme_2010/Kutul_ Maad/ kutul


    bhoomkal_2010 armed naxals in uniform along
    with the villagers are seen gathered in jungle to
    celebrate the 10th anniversary of Bhoomkal and
    they are shouting with the slogans as Lal Salam,
    Mahan Bhoomkal Zindabad, Mahan Bhoomkal
    Shahidonko Lal Salam and one armed naxal seen
    addressingtothegatheringofaround2000to3000
    peoplesandarmednaxals.

    7] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DK
    MATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_2010/Vayanar_
    EBT/1/DSCN4236,armednaxalsinuniformalong
    with the villagers are seen gathered in jungle are
    shouting with the slogans as Jantana sarkar ko
    majbutkaro,Dandkaranyakoaadharelakemebadal
    dalo,Bharatkicommunistpartymaowadizindabad.

    8] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_
    2010/Vayanar_EBT/2/Bhoomakal_2010,armed
    naxalsinuniformalongwiththevillagersareseen
    marchinginjunglewithredcolouredbannersand
    flags and some green coloured dressed girls seen
    dancingandsingingonthestage.Furtheraround2
    to3thousandvillagersgatheringalongwitharmed
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    CPI(Maoist)naxalsandonenaxalspeaksandmany
    red coloured banners and pictures, naxal martyr
    monumentareseenandCPI(Maoist)armednaxals
    aredancingandonenaxaltakesvideoshootingof
    thedance.

    9] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Com.Kumlimartyrdym/
    DKVF On Com.Kumli funerals / Kumli funerals
    onenaxalladynamedKumliisseendeadandother
    CPI(Maoist)naxalinuniformalongwithvillagers
    performedherfuneral.

    10] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DK MATTERS/FILM/1, some armed
    naxalsinuniformareseenwalkinginjungles.

    11] Inaudiofolderhavingpath Exh.3/Ritu/from


    old comp 23 oct 2012/songs/DK CNM,
    Jharkhand abhen album _2010, Jung Ki Pukar,
    Kranti.gana, some songs, songs, containing
    hundredsofrevolutionarynaxalsongsareseen.

    13] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films/s1/


    RDF/2/ VIDEO_ TS/VTS_01_1, the dignitaries
    from different parts including accused no.6 G.N.
    SaibabaisseenondaisalongwithSayadGilani,and
    explainingaboutthemanifestoofRDFandfurther
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    accused no.6 Saibaba have seen supporting the


    Navjanvadi Kranti, further he have invited Arun
    Pareira to release the book SCRIPTING THE
    CHANGE WRITTENBYANURADHAGANDHYand
    hasreleasedthebook.

    14] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films/s1/


    RDF/3/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3,thedignitariesfrom
    differentpartsofIndiaincludingaccusedno.6G.N.
    Saibaba are seen on dais and speaking about
    Telangana and giving a call to give blood for
    creationofTelangana.

    16] In videoclip at path Exh.3/films/s1/


    RDF/1 /VIDEO_TS/ VTS_01_3, RDF magazine
    Janpratirodh is shown to audience by one of the
    sikh person siting on the dais. Said magazine
    Janpratirodhwasseizedfrom the house search of
    accusedno.6Saibaba.

    17] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films/


    s1/RDF/1/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1,somemenand
    women raised the slogans as Shahidonko Lal
    Salam,NavjanwadiKrantiZindabad,EkHiRastaEk
    HiRastaNaxalbariEkHiRasta..

    18] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films/s1


    /RDF/4/VIDEO _TS/VTS_ 01_3, accused no.6
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    Saibabawasseensittingonthediasaddressingthe
    peopleandcallingtheirsuggestionsonmanifestoof
    RDFandvariouspersonshavespokenfromthedias
    aboutmanifesto. Thisfactisclearfromdocument
    at Page no.1 of Exh.267 Secretary's Report of
    Revolutionary Democratic Front, document at
    Art.A20 of Exh.266 and in document Art.161
    havingpath ex4/6 Dec2011/others/Factfinding
    report on the killing of CPI Maoist Politbureau
    memberKishenjititledasStatementonthekilling
    ofCPI(Maoist)PolibureaumemberKishenjithere
    isreferenceofKishenjiwhowasCPI(Maoist)leader.

    Followingarethelettersfoundintheharddiscseizedfromthe
    housesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaand16GBmemorycard
    showing the correspondence of accused no.6 Saibaba with the
    ComradesofCPI(Maoist)

    1] A document Art.A20 of Exh.266 is a letter


    addressedtoComradeGeneralSecretary,TheCPI
    (Maoist) by Mahesh written by accused no.4
    Prashant Rahi who was chargesheeted in
    Uttarakhand court by alias name 'Mahesh' which
    was reflected from the chargesheet (Exh.264) in
    which name of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is
    mentionedasPrashantSanglikar@PrashantRahi
    @ Navin @ Mahesh Da @ Sima s/o Narayan
    BabajiSanglikar.

    2] Adocumentatpageno.86ofExh.267having
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    path Exh.4/researchwork/IMP/ Research Work/

    Research plan/ personnel/ personnel/personnel


    final /personal /contacts/final reply to Arman
    letter by Saibaba is a letter addressed to Dear
    ComradeArman(AIPRF)byaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    3] A letteratpage no.87ofExh.267 taken out


    fromtheharddiscExh.4havingpathExh.4/allOld
    and new/newsis addressed to concerned
    comrades dated20.12.2010sent by accusedno.6
    SaibababyaliasnamePrakashandentireteam.

    3] Aletteratpageno.88ofExh.267addressedto
    DearComradewrittenbyaccusedno.6Saibababy
    aliasnamePrakashandentireteam.

    4] AdocumentatPageno.97ofExh.267having
    path Exh.4/8 Oct 2012/120610DK/Martyrs Day

    Eng titledas CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)


    written by Gudsa Usendi, Spokesperson,
    Dandakaranya Special Zonal Committee, CPI
    (Maoist)headedbyObserveMartyrsWeekFrom
    July28toAugust3!RedHomagetoOurPartys
    Forefounders and Beloved Teachers Comrades
    CharuMazumdarandKanhaiChatterjee!

    5] Adocumentatpageno.205ofExh.267taken
    outfromtheharddiscExh.4havingpathExh.4/All
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    other/Ifeeldemoralisedtoactonanyissue,isa
    letterdated17June2003 addressedto Comrade
    byPrakash.

    6] Aletteratpageno.206ofExh.267takenout
    from the harddisc Exh.4 having path
    Exh.4/Data/personal/To,withtitleTOwrittento
    Secretary SubCommittee on Mass Organization
    (SUCOMO) CPI (Maoist) written by Prakash
    dated 2 December 2006, is addressed to Dear
    Comrade by accused no.6 Saibaba in alias name
    Prakash.

    7] AdocumentatPageno.208ofExh.267having
    path Ex4/Cy47513Ex4/c/All other is a letter
    addressed to Dear Comrades by Prakash (i.e.
    accusedno.6Saibaba).

    8] AdocumentatPageno.224ofExh.267having
    path Ex4/C/Ritu13March/mydocuments/open
    letter.final Jul.A09 is a open letter to United
    Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) from the
    Communist Party of India (Maoist) addressed to
    dear Comrade written by Central Committee CPI
    (Maoist),Indiadated20July,2009.

    Accusedno.6SaibabawasdesignatedasChiefCoordinator
    betweenCPI(Maoist)andInternationalFraternalOrganization
    connectedwithCPI(Maoist),India
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    774] Accused no.6 Saibaba was designated as Chief


    CoordinatorbetweenInternationalFraternalOrganizationconnected
    with CPI (Maoist), India and this fact is clear from the following
    documentsintextform

    1] Fromthedocumentatpageno.17ofExh.267
    taken out from the hard disc Exh.4 having path
    Exh.22/recovered folder/folder 003/Secretary's
    report, titled as Secretary's report regarding
    review of RDF work since its formation, it is
    mentionedthat ThewholehouserejectedJoseph
    andreiteratedthatPrakashshouldbethechiefco
    ordinator. All of them unanimously said that if
    Prakashwouldn'tacceptthere shouldbenochief
    coordinator. The presidium ruled that despite
    Prakash's rejection, he had to do it because the
    wholehouseexpressedconfidenceinhim.Finally
    Prakashagreedtotheresolution.Fromthisletter
    it is clear that Prakash i.e. accused no.6 Saibaba
    was elected as chief coordinator to build up
    Communist Organizations throughout the country
    andwithinternationalrelationswhowasactively
    involvedinactivitiesofCPI(Maoist)tofurtherthe
    activitiesofsaidorganisation.

    [ii]AdocumentatPageno.57ofExh.267having
    path Exh.4/c/forsaid/workingDirectory201/New

    Folder/final months after correction /Manjeera/


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    core titledasMeetingofCoreofA3/A4onOct
    2ndand3rd2006containedvariousresolutions
    regarding the suggestions of demands for the
    campaignofbuildingA3andA4,massmovement,
    displacementmovementandfundsandbudgetsfor
    the development of A3 and A4 committees of
    banned organisation CPI (Maoist) working in
    various States of India and it is mentioned that
    Prakash i.e. accused no.6 Saibaba alongwith his
    companion must take serious attempts at
    consultation on all A4 FC decisions and other
    matters concerning the organization. In this
    documentitismentionedthatRegardingtheVice
    Presidentship of A3, Joseph will continue till the
    conferenceandPrakashwillbeaskedtotakethe
    responsibility due to his greater role in A3 and
    furtherstatedthat Prakashhasagreedtotakeon
    theresponsibilityofA3networkingthroughthee
    mailwithinternationalcontacts.Fromthisletterit
    showsthatinternationalresponsibilitywasgivento
    accusedno.6Saibaba.

    Relationsofaccusedno.6SaibabawithInternationalFraternal

    Organisations

    775] Further from the following documents relating to


    internationalcorrespondence,itisclearthataccusedno.6Saibabais
    Chief Coordinator of CPI (Maoist), India and other fraternal
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    organisation of other countries and he has taken responsibility for


    communicationwithinternationalrelationsbyemailsandlettersand
    tothateffectseveraldocumentsfiledonrecordshowingthataccused
    no.6Saibabaismainleaderandwasactingasacoordinatorformoist
    groupofCommunistPartyofIndiaandotherfraternalorganisations
    offoreigncountries.

    [i] Fromtheletterdated31March2005atpage
    no.13ofExh.267takenoutfromtheharddiscExh.4
    having path Exh.4/All other/lawyer's tour of
    south Asia, it is clear that it was written To all
    chapters and supporters wherein it is mentioned
    that the Statements of 2nd International
    DelegationtoSouthAsiainwhich itisstatedthat
    the main purpose of this delegation was to
    investigate the current situation of the Nepali
    RevolutionaryLeadersC.PrakashGajurel(knownas
    Comrade Gaurav) and Mohan Baidhya (known as
    ComradeKiran)whoarebeingheldprisonerbythe
    Indiangovernment. Itisfurtherstatedthatthe
    delegation also came to the conclusion that the
    arrest,mistreatmentandimprisonmentof19Nepali
    nationalsinPatna,whowerelegallyinIndiaatthe
    timeoftheirarrest,isanotherpoliticallymotivated
    abuseoftherightsoftheseprisoners. TheIndian
    government is also charging them with sedition
    and inciting to wage war against India based
    solely on their political views and their admitted
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    membershipinorsupportfortheCommunistParty
    ofNepal(Maoist).

    [iii] Adocumentatpageno.78ofExh.267having
    path Exh.4/OLDEHD/OLD/All12345/ILPS/Dear

    Arman, Exh.267 is a letter addressed to Dear


    Armanwhereinitismentionedthatwhenaccused
    no.6 Saibaba was in London, Holland and
    Birmingham during their discussion some
    representatives from India from antidisplacement
    front, political prisoners and RDF, possibly anti
    caste movement will join ILPS TIA and an
    international team of ILPS to visit areas of anti
    displacementmovementsinIndiainMarch2008to
    come out with a report for international
    propaganda.TheteamwillalsotovisitChhattisgarh
    in the area effected by Salwa Judum, an area of
    indigenouspeoplemostseriousaffectedinamajor
    way.Otherimportantareas,amongothers,wouldbe
    Nandigram and Singur West Bengal, Kalingnar,
    Jagatisgapur and Kashipur in Orissa, and
    Jharkhand. Further ILPS to aid and promote the
    formation of international Solidarity Committees
    supportingandtakinguptheissuesofIndianAnti
    displacementmovementparticularlyinEuropeand
    Americastostartwith.Furtherthisdocumentshows
    that there are some international programmes of
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    ILPS organisation and at the end of the letter


    accusedno.6Saibabahasinformedtocontactsome
    members so that they will understand the
    importance of the organisation and at the foot of
    this letter the email of accused no.6 Saibaba is
    given.

    [iv] Adocumentatpageno.81ofExh.267having
    path Exh.4/All old and new/others/

    international/dear GNSaibaba is a letter on the


    letter head of ATIK (Avrupa Turkiyeli Isciler
    Konfedersasyonu),TurqueandEuropeaddressedto
    accused no.6 G.N.Saibaba from Chairperson of
    InternationalRelationCommissionATIKwhereinit
    is mentionedthat said ATIK launched a campaign
    for the solidarity with the Indian people and
    people's movement against Operation Green Hunt
    (OGH)aschemeofIndianGovernmentandinvited
    SeniorMaoistleadersfromIndiatoEuropeandalso
    talkedtoTurkeyaboutthejoiningofMaoistleaders.
    Fromthisletteritrevealsthataccusedno.6Saibaba
    isanactivememberofCPI(Maoist)Indiaandhe
    has relations with other Maoist organisations
    workinginforeigncountries.

    [v] Adocumentatpageno.92ofExh.267having
    path Exh.4/OLDEHD/All others 2/Arrange/Azad

    matter/Communist/ Movement in which the


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    recitals were shown against imperialism, against


    modernfascism,struggle,organizeandconstruct
    theparty writtenbyCommunistPartyMaoistItaly,
    France,TurkeyNorthKurdistanandsuggestedthat
    to install amid the rebel youth of the imperialist
    banlieues, constructing youth revolutionary
    organisms and to give support and orientation to
    the student struggles, immigrants, lodgement
    occupants,tothepopularstrugglesontheterritories
    against military bases and further strengthen and
    expand women's struggle, constructing a
    revolutionary proletarian feminist movement. To
    struggle against repression, in developing
    campaigns and Red Aid organisms. On the
    international level to support all antiimperialist
    strugglesandpeoples'warsandfurthersuggestedto
    contributetoanewunityamongcommunistparties
    onthebasisontheproletarianinternationalism,the
    assertionofMarxismLeninismMaoism,thepathto
    revolution.Attheendofletterthereismentionof
    Communist Party Maoist Italy, Communist Party
    MaoistFrance,CommunistPartyMaoistTurkey
    NorthKurdistan.

    [vi] AdocumentatPageno.114ofExh.267titled
    as On the Occasion of Martyrdom of Comrade
    AzadExpressingsolidaritywithCommunistParty
    of India (Maoist) is an article published by
    Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan on the
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    occasionofMartyrdomofComradeAzad,aMaoist
    LeaderofIndia.Thecontentsofthesaiddocument
    shows that Comrade Azad, spokesperson for
    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist),wasamember
    ofcentralcommitteeandheplayedaverycritical
    anddecisiveroleatthecurrentjuncture:atatime
    whenthereactionaryIndianstateononehandhas
    mobilizedmorethan250000policeandmercenary
    forces against the Maoist peoples war within the
    framework of a large military campaign called
    OperationGreenHunt.

    [vii] Adocumentatpageno.136ofExh.267titled
    as Prabhatham will not die shows that the
    genocideinSriLankaonTamilsisthecontinuation
    of aggression on the fighting people of Pelestine,
    Afghanistan and Iraq and it is alleged that this
    genocide on the Eelam struggle under the
    leadership of V Prabhakaran was supported by
    IndianGovernment.

    [viii] A document at Page no.137 of Exh.267 is


    under the head of Office of the Prime Minister
    Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam, 875,
    AvenueoftheAmericas,Suite1001,NewYork,NY
    1001,USA, dated19February2011titledasWe
    share this Joyful moment with the people of
    Egypt!.
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    [ix] A document at Page no.139 of Exh.267 is


    under the head of Office of the Prime Minister
    Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam, 875,
    AvenueoftheAmericas,Suite1001,NewYork,NY
    1001,USA,dated8March2011titledasVehement
    condemnation of Despicable Attack on Member of
    ParliamentSivagunanaminSriLanka!.

    [x]AdocumentatPageno.224ofExh.267having
    path Ex4/C/Ritu13March/mydocuments/open
    letter.final Jul.A09 is a open letter to United
    Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) from the
    Communist Party of India (Maoist) showing the
    relationsinbetweenCPI(Maoist),IndiaandUnited
    CommunistPartyofNepal(Maoist).Furtherthereis
    mentionofNaxalbariinthesaidopenletterbyCPI
    (Maoist) India to the Comrades of CPI (Maoist)
    fromothercountries.
    Photographsandvideoclipsshowingtheinternationalrelations
    ofaccusedno.6Saibaba

    776] Further, following photographs which show the


    international relations of accused no.6 Saibaba with the fraternal
    organisationworkinginothercountries.
    1] Inthephotographatpageno.152ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisc Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/Allphotos/photosmany/CRPPconference
    photos/pictures, accused no.6 Saibaba is seen
    alongwithRonaWilson.
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    2] Inthephotographatpageno.153ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisc Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/All photos/photos many/ political
    programmes/meeting/TIA ILPS, accused no.6
    Saibabaisseenonstagewithsomeoftheforeigners
    attending the 3rd International assembly of
    internationalleagueofPeople'sStruggleILPSheldat
    Hongkong.

    3] Inthephotographatpageno.154ofExh.267
    taken out from the harddisc Exh.5 having path
    Exh.5/All photos/photos many/political
    programmes/meeting/TIA ILPS, accused no.6
    Saibabaisseenalongwithsomeforeignerandone
    IndianladySomaSen.

    4] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /3 /VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3, the dignitaries from
    different parts including accused no.6 Saibaba is
    seenondiasandhasinvitedRonaWilsontoread
    out the message from Nagaland. Rona Wilson has
    read the message from Nagaland regarding the
    revolutionary struggle of the people of Nagaland,
    Assam,KashmirEtc.andtheirsupporttoRDF.

    777] Fromallabovedocuments,videoclips,photographsitis
    clearthataccusedno.6SaibabaisthefounderofRDFandhedrafted
    the constitution of RDF and he was acting as a Chief Coordinator
    betweenCPI(Maoist)Indiaandotherfraternalorganizationsofother
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    countries and he was active member of RDF and made several


    correspondencetomembersofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)and
    RDF.

    Roleofaccusedno.3HemMishra

    778] Accused no.3 Hem Mishra was found in suspicious


    circumstancesalongwithaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2Pandu
    Narote and from his possession 16 GB memorycard of Sandisc
    companywasfoundcontainingincriminatingarticlesArt.A17toA21
    and Kodak camera with charger containing 12 photographs in
    internalmemoryofcamera.

    1] The document at Art.A17 in Hindi language


    addressedtoLalSalambyJ.V. showsthatitisin
    respectofJanaSanghathanandJanaAndolanand
    suggestedtointerfereintheproblemswhichwere
    goingonintheorganization.Further,onperusalof
    documentat Art.A18 inHindilanguageaddressed
    to Jan Sanghathan and Sanyukta Morcha by
    N.R.B. it reveals that there were suggestions to
    makeeffortaboutstrengtheningandexpandingthe
    party and to struggle against repression, in
    developing campaigns and unlawful organization
    and lastly to support all antiimperialist struggles
    and peoples' wars on the international level.
    Further,fromthecontentsofthesaiddocumentitis
    clearthattherewasarevolutionbytheCommunist
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    Party of India (Maoist) and they were struggling


    armed rebellion against the Government and it is
    the great achievement developed in the form of
    KrantikariJanaAndolan.

    2] The document at Art.A18 is also in Hindi


    language is addressed to Jan Sanghathan and
    Sanyukta Morcha by N.R.B.,it reveals that there
    were suggestions to make effort about
    strengthening and expanding the party and to
    struggleagainstrepression,indevelopingcampaigns
    andunlawfulorganizationandlastlytosupportall
    antiimperialist struggles andpeoples'warson the
    internationallevel.Further,fromthecontentsofthe
    saiddocumentitisclearthattherewasarevolution
    bytheCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)andthey
    were struggling armed rebellion against the
    Government and it is the great achievement
    developedintheformofKrantikariJanaAndolan.
    FromthesaiddocumentitisclearthatN.R.B.,apart
    ofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontal
    organization RDF were trying to furthering their
    terrorist activities like armed rebellion against the
    Government through PLGA and Krantikari Jana
    Aandolanalloverthecountry.

    3] Adocumentat Art.A19retrievedfromthe16
    GB memorycard of Sandisk company seized from
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    the possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra is a


    letter addressed to Dear friends Red Salute by
    Sahyadri State Committee of Maharashtra CPI
    (Maoist) titled as Oppose the Government's
    ongoing war against the people of Garhchiroli
    district. In the said document detail history
    alongwithdateandtimeregardingkillingofaround
    17naxalsinencounterbyGadchirolipoliceisgiven
    asunder:
    1] On 4.4.2013 five maoists were killed near
    Batparvillage.
    2] On20.1.2013policekilledsixmaoistsnamely
    ShankarLakda,amemberofDivisionalCommittee,
    Mohan Kowase, Acm, Vinod Kodape Acm, Geeta
    Usendi,PlatoonDeputyCommander,JuruMattami
    andRajuGavdeatGovindgaonvillage.
    3] On 12.4.2013 at village Sindesur police
    encircled and indiscrimately fired on a jan sabha
    (publicmeeting)killing6peoplenamelySukhdev,
    Varlu Gave and Kalidas Duru Hidko and Comrade
    KailashamemberofTippagarhareacommitteewas
    killedwhenhecamedowntosavethepeople.

    Further around 35 incidents of beating


    ofnaxals/membersofCPI(Maoist)atthehandsof
    Gadchirolipolicearegiven.Inthesaiddocumentit
    isfurthermentionedthataround10000policestaff
    alongwith modern weapons like AK47, LMG, SLR
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    655 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    areequipped,however,thePLGAontheotherhand
    havingoldweaponslikeBharmarandaxe. Inthe
    said letter appeal was made to fight against
    paramilitaryforces,commandoforcestostopGreen
    Hunt Operation launched by the Government.
    Lastly, in the saiddocument it isstatedthatmass
    movement and armed struggle both are equally
    importantandarenecessaryfortherevolution.

    4] The document Art.A20 addressed to


    ComradeGeneralSecretary,TheCPI(Maoist)by
    Maheshrevealsthatitwaswrittenbyaccusedno.4
    Prashant Rahi who was chargesheeted in
    Uttarakhandcourtbyaliasname'Mahesh'inwhich
    hehadshownhispositionaboutexpellinghimfrom
    thepartyashewasgivingsecreteinformationtothe
    police i.e. enemy of the banned organization CPI
    (Maoist).Hehasmentionedinthesaidletterthat
    Ilearnt,afewdaysafterIwasreleased,thatIhave
    beenexpelledfromtheparty.Thesaiddecisionto
    expelmewastakensummarily,withouttellingme
    whatIwasaccusedof. Therewasnoquestionof
    theirhavinggivenmeachancetodefendmyself,or
    to explain anything. It was a purely
    unconstitutionalact. Thepartyhasmuchtodoto
    regainitslossesandimproveitsorganisationaland
    mass practice (essentially, tactics) and I am ever
    willingtocontinuegivingmylevelbest.Ofcourse,I
    canmanageonmyownforthetimebeing,andam
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    656 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    also trying to help my other close comrades to


    preserve the party spirit in the hope of
    reunity/reorganisation. I am also quite confident,
    now that I have had the opportunity to face the
    ordeal of arrest, torture, and solitary confinement
    for prolonged period, uncertainties, and all that,
    thatevenwithsuchenormousCentrallossesIcan
    bepartoftheoverallprocessofrebuilding,evenifI
    have to do without the rightful collective at the
    committee level. From the above document it is
    clear that accused no.3 Hem Mishra and accused
    no.4PrashantRahiareconspiredtogethertocarry
    outtheobjectofconspiracy.

    5] FromdocumentatArt.A21addressedto
    DearComradeRedSaluewrittenbyJadduand
    PrakashinwhichthedemandofRs.3Lakhsforthe
    expenditure of Conference, Rs.2 Lakhs for
    publishing books, Rs.2.5 Lakhs for loan to be
    cleared,Rs.1Lakhforseniorcomrade's,Rs.4Lakhs
    to run the activities,total Rs.13Lakhs wasmade.
    Fromthecontentsofthesaidletteritrevealsthat
    therearemanyactivitiesamongstthemembersof
    bannedorganizationandletterstothateffectwere
    issuedbyaccusedno.6Saibabafromtimetotime
    andfromthisletterwhichshowsthatdemandsof
    fundfortheprogressoforganizationwasmadeand
    this letter was found in the 16 GB memorycard
    seized from the possession of accused no.3 Hem
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    657 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Mishrawhichshowstherelationsbetweenaccused
    no.6Saibabaandaccusedno.3HemMishra.

    6] ThecameraofKodakcompany(Art.30)
    was seized from accused no.3 Hem Mishra under
    panchanama(Exh.137)andintheinternalmemory
    ofsaidcameraelevenphotographswerefoundand
    in one of the photograph accused no.6Saibaba is
    seen sitting on wheelchair. Hence, finding of
    photographofaccusedno.6Saibabaintheinternal
    memoryofKodaccameraseizedfromthepossession
    ofaccusedno.3HemMishra,itselfshowsthatthey
    both were knowing to each other and were in
    relation.

    7] IntheinternalmemoryofKodakcamera
    there is photograph of 16 GB, 18 GB and 32 GB
    memorycard which shows that the members of
    bannedorganisationareusingelectronicgadgetsas
    a mode for communication of vitalinformation to
    comradetocomarde.

    Followingaretheincriminatingphotographsfoundinthehard
    disc seized from the house search of accused no.6 Saibaba in
    which the accused no.3 Hem Mishra was seen. The said
    incriminatingphotographsareasunder:

    1] In photographhavingpath Harddisc EXH3


    /C/newfolder(2)/allmettersI/photosutt.rdf.
    ConventionPhotos/rdf,accusedno.3HemMishra
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    658 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    is seen on stage singing song with instrument in


    conventionofRDFUttarakhand.

    2] In photograph having path EXH 3/C/new


    folder(2)/ all metters (i) /photos / utt. rdf.
    accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is seen along with
    delegatesoftheRDFconferenceUttarakhandand
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra isseen participating in
    thatconference.

    3] In photograph having path Harddisc EXH


    5 /data/ C/all photos / photos many/ iphone
    photos, accused no.3 Hem Mishra is seen
    attending a meeting along with Rona Wilson and
    AjayKumar.
    4] In photograph having path Harddisc EXH
    5/Data/C/allphotos/4Dec.conventionphotos,
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra is seen attending a
    meeting.

    5] In photograph having path Harddisc EXH


    3/C/newfolder(2)/allmettersI/photosutt.rdf.
    ConventionPhotos/rdf,accusedno.3HemMishra
    is seen on stage singing song with instrument in
    conventionofRDFUttarakhand.

    6] In photographno.(3827)foundinharddisc
    thereisbannerofredcolourhavingwordVartaman
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    659 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    andinfrontofthebannerthereare8personsand
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra is singing song with
    Dough.

    7] In photograph having path EXH 3 /C/new


    folder(2)/all metters (i)/photos /utt. rdf. the
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra and accused no.4
    PrashantRahiareseenalongwithdelegatesofthe
    RDFconferenceUttarakhand.

    8] In thephotographhavingpath Harddiscex
    3/C/new folder (2)/All metters 1/Hems
    photos/images personal photograph of accused
    no.3HemMishraandaccusedno.4PrashantRahi
    wereappearing.

    Followingarethevideoclipsfoundintheharddiscseizedfrom
    thepossession ofaccusedno.6Saibabaandaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishra was seen attending meeting. The said incriminating
    videoclipsareasunder:

    1] In videoclip having path Exh.7/Exh.71/


    (1)DVD/ 091204/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1 accused
    no.3 Hem Mishra is seen in the audience of the
    meetingforConventionagainstWaronPeopleheld
    atSpeaker'shallConstitutionClubRafiMarg,New
    Delhion4thDecember2009byForumAgainstWar
    on PeoplealongwithSaibabawhoissittingonthe
    dais.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    660 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    2] In videoclip having path at Ex7/Ex73/


    (10DVD_ 091204/VIDEO_TS accused no.3 Hem
    Mishra is seen while taking photographs with the
    helpofcameraandonepersonisaddressing with
    thehelpofspeakerandhewasseenmovinginthe
    row between two peoples and around 30 to 40
    peopleinleftsiderowand30to40peopleinright
    riderowunderthebannerof Conventionagainst
    Waronpeople,ForumAgainstWaronPeople.Itis
    important to note that Kodak camera was seized
    from the possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra
    underpanchanamaExh.137.

    3] In videoclip fromDVDatExh.111,2accused
    no.3 Hem Mishra is seen taking active part and
    singingsongtocondemnthedeathofKishanji(CPI
    MAOISTLeader)andgivingslogansLalSalam.

    4] In videoclip having path Ex7/Ex71/


    (10DVD_ 09204/VIDEO_TS accused no.3 Hem
    Mishraisseentakingactivepartandsingingsongto
    condemnthedeathofKishanji(NaxalLeader)and
    givingslogansLalSalam.

    5] In videoclip having path


    Exh.3/Meetings/Jiten Convention Against Death
    Penalty/20 Dec 2011 Jiten Convention 2
    Compressed version/convention disc
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    661 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    2/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3,accusedno.3HemMishra
    isseenalongwithagroupof10to12youngpeople
    whilesingingthesongandthesongwhichwassung
    byJitanMarandiandthereafterhealongwiththe
    grouphavepresentedthesaidsong.

    6] In videoclip having path


    Exh.3/Meetings/Jiten Convention Against Death
    Penalty/20 Dec 2011 Jiten Convention 2
    Compressed version/convention disc 2/VIDEO
    _TS/VTS_01_4, accused no.3 Hem Mishra along
    with 10 to 12 young person are seen presenting
    song on Jharkhand and made announcement
    regardingpresentingasonginPunjabi.

    7] In videoclip having path Exh.3


    /Meetings/Jiten Convention Against Death
    Penalty/20 Dec 2011 Jiten Convention 2
    Compressed version/convention disc 2/VTS
    _01_5, onepersonisseenaddressingagathering
    and accused no.3 Hem Mishra is seen taking
    photographs,theeventisunderbannerConvention
    and Cultural Performance 20 December 2011 at
    India International Centre, New Delhi, in this
    programmeaccusedno.6Saibabaisalsopresent.

    8] In videoclip having path Exh.7/Exh.71/


    (1)DVD/091204/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1accusedno.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    662 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    3HemMishraisseenintheaudianceofthemeeting
    for Convention against War on People held at
    Speaker's hall Constitution Club Rafi Marg, New
    Delhion4thDecember2009byForumAgainstWar
    onPeopleandaccusedno.6Saibabaissittingonthe
    dias.

    779] FromtheCDRreportofmobileSIMnumber9873877513
    at Exh.330 and mobile SIM number 8860601278 at Exh.331
    belongingtoaccusedno.3HemMishra,itrevealsthaton12.12.2012,
    05.07.2013, 08.07.2013, 08.07.2013, 09.07.2013, 31.07.2013,
    03.03.2313,08.04.2013,04.07.2013and05.07.2013accusednos.3
    Hem Mishra and no.6 Saibaba were in contact with each other.
    Further, from CDR report of accusedSaibabaat Exh.413it reveals
    that accused no.3 Hem Mishra made phone calls to accused no.6
    SaibabaonhismobileSIMno.8800100490on15.9.2012,8.7.2013,
    10.7.2013,31.7.2013and2.8.2013. Thisshowsthataccusedno.3
    Hem Mishra and accused no.6 Saibaba were in contact with each
    other.

    780] Thematerialonrecordi.e.documents(Arts.A17toA21),
    findingofphotographofaccusedno.6Saibabaintheinternalmemory
    ofcameraofaccusedno.3HemMishra,CDRdetails(Exhs.330,331
    and413)andtheconductoftheaccusedno.3HemMishrashowsthat
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra is the active member of banned
    organisationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDFandwas
    circulatingtheimportantinformationintheformofelectronicdatain
    16GBmemorycardinrespectofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)to
    theundergroundnaxalinGadchirolidistrictandfromthedocument
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    663 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    atArt.A19foundin16GBmemorycardseizedfromthepossessionof
    accusedno.3HemMishrainrespectofarmedrebellionfurthershows
    thatheisanactivememberofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist).

    Roleofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi

    781] During interrogation with accused no.3 Hem Mishra


    involvementofaccusedno.4Prashantwasrevealedandaccusedno.4
    Prashant Rahi alongwith accused no.5 Vijay Tirki was found at
    ChichgadT point Devri in suspicious condition and from his
    possessionincriminatingarticleslikeYatricard,newspaperbyname
    Dainik Bhaskar and document Art.130A containing eight pages
    relating to banned organisation CPI (Maoist) alongwith the type
    written papers of Maoist leader Narayan Sanyal were seized and
    reference to that effect with the name of Maoist leader Narayan
    SanyalisalsofoundinPageno.1ofthedocumentatExh.267titledas
    Secretary's Report which was recovered in the harddisc seized
    fromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.Thosedocumentsare
    asunder

    1]ThedocumentArticle130Awhichwasfoundin
    the possession of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is
    relating to Brief Review of FC in which the
    responsibilitiesofFCallottedtoJadduandChetan
    in the FC meeting were mentioned. Further
    document at Article130A seized from the
    possessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahishowsthat
    thepersonnamedChetanwasgivenresponsibility
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    664 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    of West Bengal, Kerala and Delhi and this fact is


    corroboratedfromthecontentsofArt.155retrieved
    fromtheharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchof
    accused no.6 Saibaba tiled as Revolutionary
    Democratic Front (RDF), All India EC Meeting
    heldon8and9thMay2007,Delhiinwhichthe
    responsibilitiesofWestBengal,KeralaandDelhiwas
    giventoaccusedno.6Saibaba,andhence,itisclear
    that accused no.6 Saibaba is also known as
    Chetan.

    2]Furtherinthesaiddocumentresponsibilitiesof
    FCarementionedandtheresponsibilitiesallottedto
    JadduandChetanintheFCmeetingarewrittenas
    under
    TheresponsibilitiesofJaddu :Inchargeofworkers
    organization. Jan Pratirodh and incharge of the
    stateUnitsofBihar,PunjabandUttarakhand.Looks
    afterpartycellsamongtheworkers'unionafterthe
    localpartybecamedefunct.
    TheresponsibilitiesofChetan:TUFonWaragainst
    People, International work, People's Resistance,
    InchargeofStateUnitsofWestBengal,Keralaand
    Delhiandresponsiblefortakingupeffortstoform
    A3inTamilNadu.

    782] OnperusalofthecontentsofthedocumentatArt.130Ait
    reveals that the name 'Jaddu' i.e.incharge ofworkersorganisation
    JanPratirodhandreferenceofJadduhasalsocomeinArticleNo.A21
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    665 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    foundin16GBmemorycardwhichwasseizedfromthepossessionof
    accusedno.3HemMishrawhilehewascarryingittounderground
    naxalsinforestareaofGadchirolidistrict andthedutieswhichare
    giventoChetanrelatestoaccusedno.6Saibabaandinthelastparaof
    page no.2 of this document the problem and weaknesses of FC
    functioning were given and reference to that effect was given in
    document titled as 'Review of RDF work since its Formation' i.e.
    Secretary'sreportfoundintheharddiscseizedfromthehousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6Saibabaandfiledonrecordatpageno.29ofExh.267
    atpointno.9wherethefunctioningofFChasbeendescribedandin
    parano.2theword,antidisplacementwasusedinrelatestoChetan
    and the work assigned to Jaddu in respect of Jan Pratirodh
    magazine is mentioned in the document at Art.130A found in
    possessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahi. Further, JanPratirodh
    magazinewasseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    783] From the said document it is clear that accused no.4


    PrashantRahiwasgiventaskofrunningBookStallintheCapitalto
    facilitatepropermaintenance,distribution.Eventhoughhewilltake
    thisresponsibilityindependentlyandhewasdirectedtodothiswork
    incoordinationwithCFComrades.

    784] Fromdocument Art.A20 addressedto ComradeGeneral


    Secretary,TheCPI(Maoist)byMaheshitrevealsthatitwaswritten
    by accused no.4 Prashant Rahi who was chargesheeted in
    Uttarakhandcourtbyaliasname'Mahesh'inwhichhehadshownhis
    displeasureaboutexpellinghimfromthepartyonthegroundthathe
    gavesecreteinformationtothepolicei.e.enemy.Inthesaidletterhe
    hasmentionedthatIlearnt,afewdaysafterIwasreleased,thatI
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    666 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    have been expelledfromtheparty. Thesaiddecisiontoexpelme


    was taken summarily, without telling me what I was accused of.
    Therewasnoquestionoftheirhavinggivenmeachancetodefend
    myself,ortoexplainanything. Itwasapurelyunconstitutionalact.
    The party has much to do to regain its losses and improve its
    organisationalandmasspractice(essentially,tactics)andIamever
    willingtocontinuegivingmylevelbest.Ofcourse,Icanmanageon
    myownforthetimebeing,andamalsotryingtohelpmyotherclose
    comrades to preserve the party spirit in the hope of
    reunity/reorganisation. Iamalsoquiteconfident,nowthatIhave
    hadtheopportunitytofacetheordealofarrest,torture,andsolitary
    confinement for prolonged period, uncertainties, and all that, that
    evenwithsuchenormousCentrallossesIcanbepartoftheoverall
    process of rebuilding, even if I have to do without the rightful
    collectiveatthecommitteelevel.

    Followingaretheincriminatingphotographsfoundinpages1to
    247 of Exh.267 retrieved from the harddisc seized from the
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba in which photograph of
    accusedno.4PrashantRahiisseen

    1] In photograph having path EXH 5/C/all


    photos/photos sai/new folder1, accused no.4
    Prashant Rahi is seen addressing a meeting of
    Revolutionary Democratic Front supported by
    TelanganaPrajaFront.

    2] In photograph having path harddisc EXH 5


    Data/C/allphotos/photosSai/Newfolder1,itis
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    667 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    seen that accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is seen


    participating in a public meeting of Revolutionary
    Democratic Front (Krantikari Janwadi Morcha)
    furtheraccusedno.3HemMishraandno.6Saibaba
    arealsoparticipatingthesaidmeeting.

    3] Aphotographhavingpath harddisc3/C/new
    folder(2)/Allmetters1/Hemsphotos/images,is
    personal photograph of accused no.3 Hem Mishra
    andaccusedno.4PrashantRahi.

    Followingvideoclips found in harddisc seized from the house


    searchofaccusedno.6Saibabainwhichaccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahiisseen

    1] In videoclip having path Exh.3/RDF


    conference videos/ DVD_7/VIDEO_TS, accused
    no.4 Prashant Rahi is seen attending and
    participating in the convention in the first RDF
    conferenceheldatHyderabadintheyear2012and
    accused no.6 Saibaba was addressing the people
    fromthestage.

    2] In videoclip having path Exh.3/RDF


    conference videos/ DVD_9/VIDEO_ TS/VTS_
    01_3.VOB,accusedno.6Saibabaisseenaddressing
    thattheexistingpanelofRevolutionaryDemocratic
    Front(RDF)hasbeendissolvedandnewpanelhas
    been formed in respect of which accused no.6
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    Saibabarequested Rajkishoretoannouncethenew
    panel of RDF and Rajkishore has made
    announcementofthenamesofthepanelinwhich
    comradeG.N.Saibaba(accusedno.6),comradeJitan
    Marandi, comrade Varavararao, Comrade Chandra
    kalaandothersarenamedaspanelmembers.

    3] In a videoclip having path Exh.3/films/


    s1/RDF/1/ VIDEO_ TS/VTS_01_2, the dignitaries
    fromdifferentpartsincludingaccusedno.6Saibaba,
    Dy.Secretary,RDFandaccusedno.4PrashantRahi
    werecalledondaisascomradePrashantRahi and
    thereafter accused no.4 Prashant Rahi was seen
    below the banner of RDF on the dias along with
    others.

    4] In a videoclip having path Exh.3/ films/s1


    /Jeetan1/video_TS/VTS_01_1, accused no.4
    Prashant Rahi is seen on the dais alongwith four
    personsinwhichoneladybelowherimagethename
    Aparna,wifeofJeetaniswrittenisaddressing,below
    thebannerofJanConventionandshehasstatedthat
    Jeetan was making documentary at the relevant
    time.

    785] FromCDRreportofaccusedno.6SaibabaatExh.413itis
    clear that on 06.09.2012, 19.05.2013, 21.05.2013, 03.06.2013,
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    669 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    04.06.2013, 04.07.2013, 05.07.2013, 08.07.2013, 09.07.2013,


    30.07.2013,31.07.2013and14.08.2013accusedno.6Saibabamade
    phonecallfromhismobileSIMno.8800100490tomobileSIMno.
    8394875017 of accused no.4 Prashant Rahi. Further, from CDR
    report of accused Saibaba at Exh.413 it is clear that accused no.4
    Prashant Rahi made phone calls to accused no.6 Saibaba on his
    mobileSIMno.8800100490on13.9.2012,4.7.2013,5.7.2013and
    14.8.2013.

    786] Onperusalofabovedocuments,photographs,evidenceon
    record, videoclips andCDR,it isclearthat accusedno.4Prashant
    RahiisanactivememberofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)andits
    frontal organisation RDF and from the contents of all documents
    Art.130Aitrevealsthataccusedno.4PrashantRahialongwithother
    accusedweretryingtoreleasetheprisonerswhoareseniorleadersof
    CPI(Maoist) i.e.NarayanSanyal,ComradeShila,ComradeKobad
    Gandhi,ComradeAmberdainthecadreof naxalmovementandto
    formdefencecommitteefortheirreleaseonbehalfoforganization
    suggesting formation of center at Dehli. Finding of eight pages
    (Art.130A) alongwith the typed written pages in respect of maoist

    NarayanSanyalinwhichitismentionedthat ekvksoknh lkU;ky lesr

    vkB canh vu'ku ij withaccusedno.4PrashantRahiclearlyshows


    that accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is the active member of banned
    organisation CPI (Maoist) and its frontal organisation RDF. It is
    important to note that the reference of Narayan Sanyal was also
    foundatPageno.1ofthedocumentatExh.267titledasSecretary
    Report.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    Roleofaccusedno.5VijayTirki

    787] The prosecution has proved the fact that on 2.9.2013


    accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and no.5 Vijay Tirki was found in
    suspiciouscircumstancesatChichgadTpointandtheywerecaught
    andbroughtbyAPITiwari(PW14)ofPoliceStation,Chichgad,Dist.
    Gondia to Police Station, Aheri. Before that they made entry in
    Station Diary at Exh.275C in Chichgad Police Station District :
    GondiyaandinAheriPoliceStation,personalsearchofaccusedno.4
    PrashantRahiandaccusedno.5VijayTirkiwastaken,andfromthe
    possessionofaccusedno.5VijayTirkialongwithotherarticlesdaily
    newspaperDainikBhaskardated1.9.2013wasseized.Furtherfrom
    thepersonalsearchofaccusedno.4PrashantRahitheYatricardand
    otherarticlesDainikBhaskarNewspaperdated1.9.2013wasseized
    under the seizure panchanama at Exh.179 dated 2.9.2013 and
    immediatelyonthesamedayseizedpropertywasdepositedwiththe
    MuddemalClerkofAheriPoliceStationP.W.13GaneshRathodand
    entrytothateffectwasimmediatelytakeninMuddemalRegisterat
    Exh.276Bonthesameday.Findingofnewspaperclearlyshowsthat
    thesaidwasusedbymemberofbannedorganisationasidentification
    codetorecognizethem.Fromthisitisclearthataccusedno.5Vijay
    TirkihadbeentoChichgadtoreceiveaccusedno.4PrashantRahi,
    andtotakehimsafelyinforestareaGadchirolitohavemeetingwith
    undergroundnaxalRamdar.

    Roleofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote

    788] That on 22.8.2013 accused nos.1 Mahesh Tirki, No.2


    PanduNaroteandNo.3HemMishrawerearrestedatnearAheriBus
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    Standatsecludedplaceandpersonalsearchofaccusednos.1Mahesh
    Tirki,No.2PanduNaroteandNo.3HemMishrawastakenbyPolice
    OfficerP.W.10AnilBadgujarandfromthepersonalsearchofaccused
    no.1MaheshTirkiincriminatingdocumentsi.e.threenaxalpamphlets
    Arts.139to141alongwithhispersonaldocumentswereseizedand
    from the possession of accused no.2 Pandu Narote umbrella i.e.
    identificationcodeusedbythemembersofbannedorganisationCPI
    (Maoist)alongwithincriminatingarticleswereseizedandthesame
    weredepositedwithmuddemalClerkofAheriPoliceStationP.W.13
    GaneshRathodandanentrytothateffectwasimmediatelytakenin
    MuddemalRegisteratExh.276Aonthesameday.

    789] In the Confessional Statements, accused no.1 Mahesh


    Tirkiandno.2PanduNarotestatedthatpriortotheincidenttheyhad
    supplied material things like torch, meal to the naxals and they
    received money for the same and at the instance of lady naxal
    Narmadakkabeforetheincidentfortwotothreetimesandtheyhad
    been to Ballarsha railway to receive the members of banned
    organisationtohavemeetingswithundergroundnaxalsandon29th
    May,2013attheinstanceofladynaxalNarmadakka accusedno.1
    MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotealongwithP.W.9RajuAtramgave
    amountofRs.5lactothemembersofCPI(Maoist)whocamefrom
    Delhi to Ballarsha. Thisfact iscorroboratedfromthe evidence of
    P.W.9RajuAtram.OnthedateofincidenttheyhadbeentoBallarsha
    forreceivingaccusedno.3HemMishrawhocamefromDelhion20
    22.8.2013andthereaftertookhimtoAheribusstandandtheywere
    arrestedatsecludedplacenearAheribusstandandthereafterthey
    werearrested.
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    790] Fromnaxalpamphlets(Arts.139to141)seizedfromthe
    possessionofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiitrevealsthat

    i] Art.139 is a pamphlet issued by Bhakapa


    (Maowadi),(GadchiroliDivision)makingallegations
    against the decision of the Government todestroy
    the life of Aadiwasis and shows that there was
    opposetotheGovernmentpoliciesimplementedin
    the Gadchiroli district i.e. implementation of
    SurjagadProjectandGreenHuntOperationshowing
    hatredtowardstheGovernment.

    ii] Art.140 is a pamphlet issued by Bhumkal


    JoharTeDandakaryanyaSpecialZonalCommittee,
    Bhakapa(Maowadi),titledas,AmarShahidirkuLal
    Salam

    iii] Art.141 is a pamphlet issued by Bhartachi


    Communist Party (Maowadi), Maharashtra Rajya
    Samitititledas ^jk[k lkaHkkGqu Bsok jk[k >kysY;kaph]
    laiyh ukgh y<kbZ vtqu [kSjykathph* andattheendit
    is mentioned that ^[kSjykath gR;kdkaMkP;k lq=/kkjkauk
    ikBh'kh ?kky.kkjs] iksfylka}kjs nfyrkaP;k gR;k dj.kkjs]
    nfyrkar ng'kr iljfo.kkjs egkjkV 'kklu eqnkZckn !--
    uotuoknh dzkafr f>ankckn*

    791] Further, on perusal of record Navjanwadi Kranti


    JindabadmentionedinArt.141isasloganusedinmanyvideosof
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    RDF conference found in harddiscs, CDs, DVDs, pendrives which


    wereseizedfromhousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabawhichshows
    that he was also active member of RDF, a frontal organization of
    bannedorganizationCPI(Maoist).

    792] From the possession of accused no.2 Pandu Narote the


    articleslikeUmbrellaandnewspaperwhichwasusuallyusedbynaxal
    asidentificationcodetorecognizeeachotherwereseized.Thisfactis
    corroborated by the letter found in harddisc seized from house
    searchofaccusedno.6Saibabaatpageno.90ofExh.267havingpath
    Exh.4/AllSai/forstudy/latest/Vanja'stitledasIamconvincedthe
    Naxalites(Maoists)havealotofsupportinwhichitismentioned
    thatAnewspaperandbananashelpedlinkupwithMaoists.

    793] Onperusalofabovedocumentsandevidenceonrecordit
    isclearthataccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteatthe
    instance of lady naxal Narmadakka hadbeen to Ballarsha Railway
    Station to receive member of CPI (Maoist) i.e. accused no.3 Hem
    Mishra and they were taking accused no.3 Hem Mishra who was
    found in possession of 16 GB memorycard containing the naxal
    literature (ArticleA17 to A21) for supplying the same to the
    undergroundnaxalsinGadchiroliDistrict.Theaccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirkiwasfoundinpossessionofthreenaxalpamphlets(Arts.139to
    141) and on perusal of Art.139 containing matter opposing for
    implementationofSurjagadprojectandagainstthedevelopmentin
    ruralarea.Accusedno.2PanduNarotewasalsofoundinpossession
    ofNewspaperandUmbrellawhicharetheidentificationcodeusedby
    membersofbannedorganisationtorecognizeeachother.Hence,itis
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    clear that both accused no.1 Mahesh and no.2 Pandu are active
    members of banned organization CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organizationRDF.

    RDFisfrontalorganizationofCPI(Maoist)

    794] It is important to note that from 22 June 2009 the


    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)andallitsfrontalorganizations
    havebeendeclaredasterroristorganization. Nowitisnecessaryto
    see whether the Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) is frontal
    organizationofCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist).

    795] OnperusalofSecretary'sReportatpageno.1ofExh.267
    having path Exh4/rdf/june 2012/conference material/RDF first

    conference/ Secretary's report final unamended titled as


    Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) First Conference of the
    Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) dated 2223 April,
    SundaraiyaVeigyan Bhavan,Hyderabad,Telangana addressedto
    ComradesandFriendsbyRedsalutetoalldelegates,itrevealsthat
    membersofRDFisconcernwithCPI(Maoist)andtheytookanactive
    partinreleasingmembersofCPI(Maoist).Fromthesaiddocumentit
    is clear that RDF made agitations, protest, dharnas and marches
    againstthearrestofcomradeNarayanSanyalwhoismemberofCPI
    (Maoist)andcampaignwasorganizedontheunconditionalreleaseof
    politicalprisonerslikecomradesSushilRoy,PattipawanHaldarand
    othersandbandhcallwasgivenbyRDF,whenMaoistleadercomrade
    Sheela Devi was arrested and all India convention against war on
    people was organized in context of declaration of operation green
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    hunt.ThisshowsthatRDFisafrontalorganizationofCPI(Maoist).
    Videoclipsno.1to5areasunder:
    1] FromthevideocliphavingpathEx7/Ex71/
    (10DVD_09204/VIDEO_TSitisclearthataccused
    no.3 Hem Mishra is seen taking active part and
    singingsongtocondemnthedeathofKishanjiwho
    isleaderofCPI(Maoist).

    2] From videoclip having path


    Exh.3/Meetings/Jiten Convention Against Death
    Penalty/20 Dec 2011 Jiten Convention 2
    Compressed version/convention disc 2/
    VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3,accusedno.3HemMishrais
    seenalongwithagroupof10to12youngpeople
    andaccusedno.4PrashantRahiarespeakingfrom
    the podium regarding death sentence to Jiten
    Marandi,whoisamemberofCPI(Maoist).

    3] In the videoclip having path Exh.9/my


    dvd/VTS_01_1 accused no.6 Saibaba seen saying
    thathegotinspirationfromKishanjiandinthesaid
    video accused no.6 Saibaba seen addressing the
    meetingheldonKishanjiwherehealsosayingthat
    he got inspiration from Kishanji and further the
    meeting is held under the banner QthZ eqBHksM vkSj
    gR;kds f[kykQ la;qDr dUosa'ku lanHkZ dk- fd'kuth and
    nearthebanneronephotographofapersoninnaxal
    dressisseen.
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    4] In videoclip having path Exh.9/my


    dvd/VTS_01_2 accused no.6 Saibaba is seen
    addressing the aforesaid meeting on Kishanji and
    accusedno.6SaibabahasofferedtributestoKishanji
    on behalf of RDF and stated that the RDF will
    continue with the revolutionary thoughts and
    missionofKishanji.

    5] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films/ s1/


    RDF/4/VIDEO_TS/VTS_ 01_3, the accused no.6
    Saibabawasseensittingonthediasaddressingthe
    peopleandcallingtheirsuggestionsonmanifestoof
    RDFandvariouspersonshasspokenfromthedias
    aboutmanifesto.Thisfactisclearfromdocumentat
    Page no.1 of Exh.267 Secretary's Report of
    Revolutionary Democratic Front, document at
    Art.A20 of Exh.266 and in document Art.161
    havingpath ex4/6 Dec2011/others/Factfinding
    report on the killing of CPI Maoist Politbureau
    member Kishenji titled as Statement on the
    killing of CPI (Maoist) Polibureau member
    KishenjithereisreferenceofKishenjiwhowasCPI
    (Maoist)leader.

    The above videoclips no.1 to 5 were


    foundintheharddiscseizedfromthehousesearch
    ofaccusedno.6Saibaba.
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    796] AdocumentatArt.A19ofExh.266retrievedfromthe16
    GBmemorycardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthepossessionof
    accusedno.3HemMishra,isaletteraddressedtoDearfriendsRed
    Salute by Sahyadri State Committee of Maharashtra CPI (Maoist)
    titledasOpposetheGovernment'songoingwaragainstthepeopleof
    Garhchiroli district ! Condemn the brutalattacksonpeople,mass
    leaders and people's warriors. Propose the happening massacres in
    the name of encounters and take initiative to put forth the
    Government'scrueltybeforesociety!.ThisshowsthatRDFishaving
    deepconcernwithCPI(Maoist).

    797] AdocumentArt.A20ofExh.266retrievedfromthe16GB
    memorycard of Sandisk company seized from the possession of
    accusedno.3HemMishra,isaletteraddressedtoComradeGeneral
    Secretary, The CPI (Maoist) by Mahesh written by accused no.4
    PrashantRahiwhowasChargeSheetedinUttarakhandcourtbyalias
    name 'Mahesh'. This shows that accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is
    connectedwithCPI(Maoist).

    798] FromthedocumentArt.159ofExh.267havingpath ex.

    4/31.12.12/RDF Conference material/DRAFT MANIFESTO OF


    RDF amended by conference found in harddisc seized from the
    housesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaititledas,DraftManifestoof
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)inwhichitisconstituted
    below the head Draft Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF)
    Constitutionthatthenameoforganisationare(a)Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF)inEnglish. (b)KrantikariJanwadiMorcha
    (RDF) in Hindi and (c) In different states the name of the
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    organisationshouldbewrittenintherespectivelanguagesbutRDF
    should be kept with brackets. Further, this document shows that
    there is popular slogan of RDF is Naxalbari Ek Hi Rasta. This
    showsthatRDFisalsoconcernwithCPI(Maoist)andfollowingare
    the letters, documents addressedtoComradestoComrades bythe
    members of banned organization which are foundin the harddisc
    seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    799] A document at Page no.97 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/8 Oct 2012/120610DK/Martyrs DayEng titled as
    Communist Party of India (Maoist) written by Gudsa Usendi,
    Spokesperson, Dandakaranya Special Zonal Committee, CPI
    (Maoist) headedbyObserveMartyrsWeekFromJuly28toAugust
    3!RedHomageto Our PartysForefoundersandBelovedTeachers
    ComradesCharuMazumdarandKanhaiChatterjee!

    800] A letter at page no.206 of Exh.267 taken out from the


    harddiscExh.4havingpathExh.4/Data/personal/To,withtitleTO
    written to Secretary SubCommittee on Mass Organization
    (SUCOMO) CPI (Maoist) written by Prakash dated 2 December
    2006,addressedtoDearComradebyaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    801] AdocumentatPageno.224ofExh.267havingpath Ex
    4/C/Ritu13March/mydocuments/openletter.finalJul.A09 isa
    openlettertoUnitedCommunistPartyofNepal(Maoist)fromthe
    Communist Party of India (Maoist) addressed to dear Comrade
    written by Central Committee CPI (Maoist), India dated 20 July,
    2009.
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    802] The documentPageno.103ofExh.267isaResolutionof


    Government of Andhra Pradesh titled as Government of Andhra
    Pradesh Abstract written by Minnie Mathew, Chief Secretary to
    Government reveals that Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF)
    formed with the merger of All India People's Resistance Forum
    (AIPRF)andStrugglingForumforPeople'sresistance(SFPR)inMay
    2005, is a part of Tactical United Front. Contents of the said
    documentclearlyrevealsthatinexerciseofthepowersconferredby
    subsection(1)ofsection3oftheAndhraPradeshPublicSecurityAct,
    1992(AndhraPradeshAct21of1992),theGovernmentofAndhra
    Pradesh,hereby,declaretheRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)a
    front organization of Communist Party of India (Maoist) as an
    unlawfulassociation.

    803] The document at page no.107 of Exh.267 which is a


    Gazette Notification of Home Department of Orissa Government
    dated 20th June 2006 wherein it is mentioned that Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF)subservingtheinterestsandobjectivesofthe
    Communist Party of India (Maoist), has been indulging in the
    unlawfulactivitiesandlastly,bythisNotification,OrissaGovernment
    declared the Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) to be an
    unlawfulassociationwithimmediateeffect.

    TheseabovetwoNotificationsbanningRDFwerefoundinthe
    harddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    804] ThisshowsthatthemembersofRDFareworkinghardfor
    thereleaseofmembersofCPI(Maoist)continuously.Itisimportant
    tonotethatGovernmentofAndhraPradeshandOrissahavebanned
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    theRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(Front).TheCentralGovernment
    hasdeclaredCPI(Maoist)andallitsfrontalorganisationasTerrorist
    Organisation by issuing official Gazette no.954 w.e.f. 22.6.2009.
    Hence, there is no need to issue separate notification by State of
    MaharashtradeclaringRDFasaTerroristOrganisationorUnlawful
    Association.

    805] Findingofseveralletters,correspondencebymembersof
    CPI(Maoist)toComradebyaccusednos.1to6tomembersofCPI
    (Maoist) clearly shows that RDF is frontal organization of CPI
    (Maoist).

    CONSPIRACY

    806] TheoffenceofcriminalconspiracyunderSection120Ais
    a distinct offence. The very agreement, concert or league is the
    ingredientoftheoffence.Itisnotnecessarythatalltheconspirators
    mustknoweachandeverydetailoftheconspiracyaslongastheyare
    coparticipatorsinthemainobjectoftheconspiracy.Theremaybeso
    manydevicesandtechniquesadoptedtoachievethecommongoalof
    theconspiracyandtheremaybedivisionofperformancesinthechain
    of actions with one object to achieve the real end of which every
    collaboratormustbeawareandinwhicheachoneofthemmustbe
    interested.Theremustbeunityofobjectorpurposebuttheremaybe
    pluralityofmeanssometimesevenunknowntooneanother;amongst
    the conspirators. In achieving the goal several offences may be
    committedbysomeoftheconspiratorsevenunknowntotheothers.
    Theonlyrelevantfactisthatallmeansadoptedandillegalactsdone
    must be and purported to be in furtherance of the object of the
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    conspiracy even though there may be sometimes misfire or over


    shootingbysomeoftheconspirators.Evenifsomestepsareresorted
    tobyoneortwooftheconspiratorswithouttheknowledgeofthe
    othersitwillnotaffecttheculpabilityofthoseotherswhentheyare
    associatedwiththeobjectoftheconspiracy.

    807] Asconspiracyistheprimarychargeagainsttheaccused,
    we first advert to the law of conspiracy its definition, essential
    featuresandproof.

    808] Section120Adefinescriminalconspiracyasunder:
    "Definition of criminal conspiracy When two or
    morepersonagreetodo,orcausetobedone,
    (1)Anillegalact,or
    (2)Anactwhichisnotillegalbyillegalmeans,
    such an agreement is designated a criminal
    conspiracy:
    Providedthatnoagreementexceptanagreement
    tocommitanoffenceshallamounttoacriminal
    conspiracyunlesssomeactbesidestheagreement
    isdonebyoneormorepartiestosuchagreement
    inpursuancethereof.

    Explanation :Itisimmaterialwhethertheillegal
    actistheultimateobjectofsuchagreement,oris
    merelyincidentaltothatobject."

    809] It is clear from the above noted definition of "criminal


    conspiracy".thatthethreeessentialelementsofoffenceofconspiracy
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    are(a)acriminalobject,whichmaybeeithertheultimateaimofthe
    agreement, or may constitute the means, or one of the means by
    which that aim is to be accomplished (b) a plan or scheme
    embodying means to accomplish that object (c) an agreement or
    understandingbetweentwoormoreoftheaccusedpersonswhereby,
    they become definitely committed to cooperate for the
    accomplishment of the object by the means embodied in the
    agreement, or by anyeffectualmeans.Thus,thegist ofoffence of
    criminalconspiracyisanagreementtobreakthelaw.

    810] Sections120Aand120Bwerebroughtonthestatutebook
    by way of Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1913. Earlier to the
    introductionofSections120Aand120B,conspiracypersewasnotan
    offenceundertheIndianPenalCodeexceptinrespectoftheoffence
    mentioned in Section 121A. In the Objects and Reasons to the
    Amendment Bill, it was explicitly stated that the new provisions
    (120A&B)were"designedtoassimilatetheprovisionsoftheIndian
    PenalCodetothoseoftheEnglishLaw.."

    811] Thus, Sections 120A & 120B made conspiracy a


    substantiveoffenceandrenderedthemereagreementtocommitan
    offencepunishable.Proofofacriminalconspiracybydirectevidence
    isnoteasytogetandprobablyforthisreasonSection10oftheIndian
    EvidenceActwasenacted.Itreadsasunder:"
    Thingssaidordonebyconspiratorinreference
    to common design :
    Where there is reasonable
    ground to believe that two or more persons have
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    conspired together to commit an offence or an


    actionablewrong,anythingsaid,doneorwrittenby
    anyoneofsuchpersonsinreferencetotheircommon
    intention,afterthetimewhensuchintentionwasfirst
    entertainedbyanyoneofthem,isarelevantfactas
    againsteachofthepersonsbelievedtosoconspiring,
    aswellforthepurposeofprovingtheexistenceofthe
    conspiracy as for the purpose of showing that any
    suchpersonwasapartytoit."

    812] Thus,thesubstantivesectionoftheIndianPenalCodei.e.
    Section120AadumbratedthereonSection10oftheIndianEvidence
    Actgiveusthelegislativeprovisionsapplicabletoconspiracyandits
    proof. After survey of the case law on the point, following legal
    principles pertaining to the law of conspiracy can be conveniently
    culledout:

    TheApexCourtincaseof YashPalMittalv.
    State of Punjab, AIR 1977 Supreme Court 2433
    hasobservedthat

    Theveryagreement,concertorleagueis
    theingredientoftheoffence.Itisnotnecessarythat
    alltheconspiratorsmustknoweachandeverydetail
    oftheconspiracyaslongastheyarecoparticipators
    in the main object of the conspiracy. It is not
    necessary that all conspirators should agree to the
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    common purpose at the same time.Theymayjoin


    with other conspirators at any time before the
    consummationoftheintendedobjective,andallare
    equallyresponsible.Whatparteachconspiratoristo
    playmaynotbeknowntoeveryoneorthefactasto
    whenaconspiratorjoinedtheconspiracyandwhen
    he left. There may be so many devices and
    techniquesadoptedtoachievethecommongoalof
    the conspiracy and there may be division of
    performancesinthechainofactionswithoneobject
    toachievetherealendofwhicheverycollaborator
    mustbeawareandinwhicheachoneofthemmust
    be interested. There must be unity of object or
    purpose but there may be plurality of means
    sometimes even unknown toone another,amongst
    the conspirators. In achieving the goal several
    offences may be committed by some of the
    conspiratorsevenunknowntotheothers.Theonly
    relevantfactoristhatallmeansadoptedandillegal
    actsdonemustbeandpurportedtobeinfurtherance
    of the object of the conspiracy even though there
    maybesometimesmisfireorovershootingbysome
    oftheconspirators.Evenifsomestepsareresortedto
    by one or two of the conspirators without the
    knowledge of the others it will not affect the
    culpabilityofthoseotherswhentheyareassociated
    withtheobjectoftheconspiracy.Butthentherehas
    to be present mutual interest. Persons may be
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    members of single conspiracy even though each is


    ignorant of the identity of many others who may
    havediverseroletoplay.Itisnotapartofthecrime
    ofconspiracythatalltheconspiratorsneedtoagree
    toplaythesameoranactiverole.

    Theunlawfulagreementwhichamounts
    toaconspiracyneednotbeformalorexpress,but
    may be inherent in and inferred from the
    circumstances, especially declarations, acts, and
    conductoftheconspirators.Theagreementneednot
    beenteredintobyallthepartiestoitatthesame
    time, but may be reached by successive actions
    evidencing their joining of the conspiracy. Since a
    conspiracyisgenerallyhatchedinsecrecy,itwould
    quiteoftenhappenthatthereisnoevidenceofany
    expressagreementbetweentheconspiratorstodoor
    causetobedonetheillegalact.Foranoffenceunder
    Section 120B,the prosecutionneednotnecessarily
    provethattheperpetratorsexpresslyagreedtodoor
    causetobedonetheillegalacttheagreementmay
    beprovedbynecessaryimplication.Theoffencecan
    be only proved largely from the inference drawn
    from acts or illegal omission committed by the
    conspiratorsinpursuanceofacommondesign.The
    prosecution will also more often rely upon
    circumstantialevidence.Itisnotnecessarytoprove
    actualmeetingofconspirators.Noritisnecessaryto
    prove the actual words of communication. The
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    evidenceastotransmissionofthoughtssharingthe
    unlawful design is sufficient. Surrounding
    circumstances and antecedent and subsequent
    conduct of accused persons constitute relevant
    materialtoprovechargeofconspiracy[Shivnarayan
    LaxminarayanJoshiv.StateofMaharashtra,AIR
    1980 Supreme Court 439 Mohammad
    Usman
    Mohammad Hussain Maniyar v. State of
    Maharashtra,AIR1981SupremeCourt1062and
    Kehar Singh v. State AIR 1988 Supreme Court
    1883]

    Aconspiracyisacontinuingoffenceand
    continuestosubsistandcommittedwhereveroneof
    theconspiratorsdoesanactorseriesofacts.Solong
    as its performance continues, it is a continuing
    offencetillitisexecutedorrescindedorfrustrated
    bychoiceornecessity.Acrimeiscompleteassoonas
    theagreementismade,butitisnotathingofthe
    moment. It does not end with the making of the
    agreement.Itwillcontinuesolongastherearetwo
    ormorepartiestoitintendingtocarryintoeffectthe
    design. Its continuance is a threat to the society
    against which it wasaimedat andwouldbe dealt
    withassoonasthatjurisdictioncanproperlyclaim
    the power to do so. The conspiracy designed or
    agreedabroadwillhavethesameeffectasinIndia,
    whenpartoftheacts,pursuanttotheagreementare
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    agreed to be finalised or done, attempted or even


    frustratedandviceversa.

    Section10oftheEvidenceActintroducesthe
    doctrineofagencyandiftheconditionslaiddown
    therein are satisfied, the acts done by one are
    admissible against the coconspirators. In short, the
    sectioncanbeanalysedasfollows:
    (1) There shall be a prima facie evidence
    affordingareasonablegroundforaCourttobelieve
    that two or more persons are members of a
    conspiracy
    (2) if the said condition is fulfilled, anything
    said,doneorwrittenbyanyoneoftheminreference
    totheircommonintentionwillbeevidenceagainst
    theother
    (3) anything said, done or written by him
    shouldhavebeensaid,doneorwrittenbyhimafter
    theintentionwasformedbyanyoneofthem
    (4) it would also be relevant for the said
    purposeagainstanotherwhoenteredtheconspiracy
    whether it was said, done or written before he
    enteredtheconspiracyorafterheleftit and(5)it
    canonlybeusedagainstacoconspiratorandnotin
    his favour [Sardar
    Sardul
    Singh v. State of
    Maharashtra, AIR 1957 Supreme Court 747,
    (2001)7SCC596]
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    Conclusion

    813] Toprovethechargeofcriminalconspiracy,prosecutionis
    requiredtobeestablishedtwoormorepersonshaveagreedtodoor
    causedtobedoneanillegalactorlegalactbyillegalmeans.There
    should be intention of one accused to commit crime and joining
    hands with others having the same intention. If pursuant to the
    criminalconspiracytheconspiratorscommitseveraloffencesthenall
    of them will be liable for offences even ifsome of them have not
    activelyparticipatedinthecommissionoftheoffences.Further,there
    mustbeameetingsofmindsresultinginultimatedecisiontakenby
    theconspiratorsregardingthecommissionofanoffenceandwhere
    thefactumofconspiracyissoughttobeinferredfromcircumstances,
    the prosecution has to show that the circumstances give rise to a
    conclusiveorirresistibleinferenceofanagreementbetweentwoor
    morepersonstocommitanoffence.

    814] Toprovetheoffenceofconspiracyagainstaccusednos.1
    to 6 prosecution has relied on the documents seized from the
    possessionofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkii.e.pamphlets(Art.139to
    141),documentsatArt.130Aseizedfromthepossessionofaccused
    no.4PrashantRahi,documentsretrievedfrom16GBmemorycardof
    Sandisk company at Arts.A17 to A21 of Exh.266 seized from the
    personal search of accused no.3 Hem Mishra and documents,
    Photographs, VideoClipsfoundinthe electronicgadgets(Arts.1to
    41)atPagenos.1to247andArts.147to164ofExh.267seizedfrom
    thehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba,confessionalstatementsof
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    accusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNaroteandCDRdetailsof
    mobileSIMofaccusedno.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahiandno.6
    Saibaba.

    815] Now it is necessary to see whether the prosecution has


    provedtheoffenceofconspiracyagainstaccusedno1.MaheshTirki,
    no.2PanduNarote,no.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahi,no.5Vijay
    Tirkiandno.6Saibabaforcommissionofoffencepunishableunder
    Sections13,18,20,38,39oftheUAPAreadwithSection120BofIPC
    beyondreasonabledoubt.

    816] To prove this aspect the incriminating document at


    Art.157foundinharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccused
    no.6SaibabaunderpanchanamaExh.165needstobeconsideredat
    thisstage.

    817] AdocumentatArticle157foundinharddiscseizedfrom
    thehousesearchofaccusedno.6SaibabatitledasJointMeetingof
    AIPRFandSFPR.FromthesaiddocumentitisclearthatAIPRFand
    SFPRmergedintoRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)andtothat
    effectpressconferencewastakenandaccusedno.6Saibabadeclared
    that AIPRF and SFPR merged into Revolutionary Democratic Front
    (RDF)andneworganisationRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)
    cameinexistencefrom20thMay2005andaccusedno.6Saibabais
    thefounderofRDF. Therelevantportionofthesaiddocumenti.e.
    ResolutionNo.1isreproducedasunder:
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    Resolution:1

    All the members present in the meeting


    unanimouslyresolvedtounifyAIPRFandSFPRinto
    one organization with a new name Revolutionary
    Democratic Front (RDF). RDF shall work with a
    perspectiveoftakingNewDemocraticRevolutionary
    politicsintothebroadmassesofthecountrywiththe
    slogans like Naxalbary Ekhi Rastha; Andhra Bihar,
    Jharkhand Chattisgah Dikhata hain Ratsha and it
    shallworkamongthemassesbytakingupelection
    boycott in order to project the new democratic
    politicalalternativeastheonlywayfortheliberation
    ofthecountryandthepeoplefromimperialismand
    feudalism.RDFsupportsandstrivestointegratewith
    all democratic and antiimperialist struggles of
    workers, peasants, women, dalits, nationalities,
    adivasis,youthetc.,
    th
    Today, i.e. 20
    May 2005, we herewith
    constitute the new formation by merging both the
    ECsofAIPRFandSFPRandresolvetoconstituteall
    ourlowercommitteesbymergingvariousunits.

    818] ThedocumentatArt.159foundinharddiscseizedfrom
    thehousesearchofaccusedno.6SaibabatitledasDraftManifesto
    of Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) is a manifesto of
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF).ThisDraftofRDFisprepared
    byaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    Fromtheabovedocumentitisclearthat accusedno.6Saibabais
    founderofRDFandhehaspreparedthedraftofconstitutionofRDF.

    819] The prosecution has proved is that the accused no.6


    Saibabaenteredintoconspiracywithaccusedno.3HemMishraand
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    accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and at the instance of accused no.6


    Saibaba, accused no.3 HemMishraproceededfromDelhi to forest
    areaofGadchirolidistrict tomeetundergroundnaxalNarmadakka
    and he left Delhi on 19.8.2013 and accused no.3 Hem Mishra
    possessed 16 GB memorycard of Sandisk company containing
    importanttextdocuments(Arts.A17toA21ofExh.266)whichwere
    tobegivenundergroundnaxalladyNarmadakka.Thenaccusedno.3
    HemMishracametoBallarshaRailwayStationwhereaccusedno.1
    MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotemethimandtheytookaccused
    no.3HemMishraandproceededtoforestareaGadchiroliviaAheri
    and they came by bus to Aheri and when they were standing in
    secludedplacenearAheribusstandtheywerecaughtbypoliceon
    22.8.2013. Thepersonalsearchofaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2
    PanduNaroteandno.3HemMishrawastaken.Fromthepossession
    ofaccusedno.3HemMishra16GBmemorycardofSandiskcompany
    alongwithotherarticleswasseized. Inthe16GBmemorycardof
    SandiskcompanytheimportantdocumentisatArt.A21.Inorderto
    appreciate the contention of the prosecution the said document is
    againreproducedhere.

    DearComrade,
    RedSalutes!

    Wehavesentlettersandreportsseveraltimes,
    butwehavenotreceivedanyreplyinthelasteight
    months.Especiallyafterthearrestofthecomrade
    whowasguidingandcoordinatingwithus,wehave
    notreceivedanyreply.

    Thissituationhasmadeourorganisationand
    manyactivitiesaroundourorganisationdifficultto
    goahead.WithouttheguidanceoftheCCitismost
    difficult for an all India organisation to take up
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    important steps, particularly our organisation is


    playing a central role in coordinating many
    activities. Now that we have announced our all
    Indiaconference,itbecomesevenmoredifficultto
    take many decisions without consulting you. Our
    conferencehasbeenpostponedseveraltimesinthe
    pastduetothearrestsandotherobstructions.This
    isknowntoyou.

    Wehadsentseveraltimeslettersmentioning
    theissuesrelatingtointernationalrelationsandthe
    problemsarosetherein.Wedontevenknowifyou
    have received these letters. But we have not
    receivedanyreplysofarfromyou.Wehadtaken
    some decisions due to the urgency. For instance,
    signing the letters that were circulated. Now we
    haveameetingtotakedecisionsfurther.Wehave
    beenaskingtheinternationalfraternalorganisations
    towaitandsuspendallworktillwegetguidance
    fromyou.Butthiscannotgolikethisformoretime.

    Wehavetodecideaboutthenewbodyofour
    organisation. We plead with you to arrange a
    properchanneltocommunicatewithusandcallat
    leasttwoamongus,whoareyoungfromamongus
    tohearallthereportsandpendingissues.

    We have received 1.5 lakhs once and 75


    thousandatanothertimesofarafterthearrestof
    the comrade. But we incurred several lakhs of
    rupees on the continuous programmes and
    activities.Wehaveincurredaloanof2.5lakhsasof
    now.Everypassingdaybringsinnewexpenditure.
    Wedocollectfundsbuttherangeofouractivitiesis
    soveryhighthatwearenotinapositiontomeetall
    expensesthroughcollections.

    Weurgentlyneedfundsunderthefollowingheads:
    Prisoner comrades health andotherlegalcharges
    oncases(wearelookingafterhere):2laks.
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    Conference(apartfromwhatwecanbecollected):
    3Lakhs.
    Bookswearepublishingnow:2lakhs.
    (Formorebookswecouldcollect1lakh)Butneed2
    lakhsmoretopublishtheremainingbooks.
    Loantobecleared:2.5lakhs.
    Onearrestedseniorcomradeslifepartnerneedsat
    least1lakhshere.
    Forourteam(next6months)torunourselvesand
    activitiesplannedweneed4lakhsatleast.
    Therefore we need a minimum of 13 lakhs
    immediately to meet various urgent needs and
    activities.

    Money apart, we need many of the important


    decisions to be taken. We are in a position to
    advanceonmanyfronts.Butbeforetakinganynew
    step,weneedtodiscusswithyou.Werequestyou
    to arrange to call these two comrades as soon as
    possible.

    Withrev.greetings.JadduandPrakash
    1August2013.

    820] Ongoingthroughtheabovedocumentitisclearthatitis
    addresstoDearComradesbyJadduandPrakashanditisdated1st
    August2013.Asalreadydiscussedintheearlierpartofthejudgment
    Prakashisnothingbutaccusedno.6Saibaba. Thisshowsthatthe
    saidletterwasaddressedbyaccusedno.6Saibabatotheunderground
    naxals.Thecontentsofpara3ofthesaidlettershowsthataccused
    no.6 Saibaba was communicating state of affairs of RDF to
    undergroundnaxalsandinpara4ofthesaidletterfurtherreveals
    thattherewasideatoformnewbodyoforganisationandtheyhad
    decidedtosenttwoyoungpersons.Accordingtoprosecutionthetwo
    youngpersonsmeans accusedno.3HemMishraandaccusedno.4
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    Prashant Rahi who were to come forest area in Gadchiroli district


    withallreportsandpendingissuesandseekingdirectionforfurther
    action. Further,inpara5oftheletterdemandoftotalamountof
    Rs.13lakhswasmadeformeetingexpensesondifferentheads.

    821] From above letter it is clear that accused no.6 Saibaba


    addressedthislettertoundergroundnaxalsandsaidletterwasbeing
    carriedoutbyaccusedno.3HemMishrain16GBmemorycard.This
    showsthataccusedno.6Saibabaconspiredwithaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishra and accused no.4 Prashant Rahi and they both were
    proceedingtoforestareaofGadchirolidistricttohavemeetingwith
    underground naxals and they were found circulating the vital
    informationtotheundergroundnaxals. Besidesthatthereisample
    evidenceonrecordtoshowthataccusedno.3HemMishraandno.4
    PrashantRahihaveconspiredwithaccusedno.6Saibabafordoing
    unlawful acts and this fact is clear from the finding of several
    photographsandvideoclipsofaccusedno.3HemMishraandno.4
    PrashantRahiintheharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofhouse
    no.6Saibaba.Further,fromtheCDRofmobileSIMcardofaccused
    no.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahiandno.6Saibabaitisclearthat
    theywereincontactwitheachotherandtheirlastcontactwason
    18.8.2013. The letter at Art.A21 is dated 1st August 2013 and
    accusedno.3HemMishrawasarrestedon22ndAugust2013.There
    isproximitybetweenthedateofarrestanddateoftheletter.

    822] Asalreadydiscussedtheaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiand
    no.2PanduNarotehadcometoBallarsharailwaystationtoreceive
    the accused no.3 Hem Mishra and they were having unique
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    identification code i.e. umbrella, newspaper spec case which were


    usedbythemembersofbannedorganisationasidentificationcodeto
    recognizeeachotherandthisfactisreflectedinthedocumentatpage
    no.90ofExh.267havingpathExh.4/AllSai/forstudy/latest/Vanja's
    Articlestakenoutfromtheharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchof
    accused no.6 Saibaba titled as I am convinced the Naxalites
    (Maoists)havealotofsupport inwhichitismentionedthata
    newspaper and bananas helped link up with Maoists and the
    CommunistPartyofIndiaMaoist(CPIMaoist).

    823] Fromtheconfessionalstatementofaccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirkiandno.2PanduNaroteitisclearthatattheinstanceofnaxal
    ladyNarmadakkatheyhadbeentoBallarsharailwaystationfor3/4
    times to receive members of banned organisation and to have a
    meeting with underground naxals. Further, from the confessional
    statementsofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiitisclearthatearliertothe
    incidenthehadgivenmealsandimportantthingsliketorchtothe
    undergroundnaxalsandfurtherfromthepossessionofaccusedno.1
    MaheshTirkithreenaxalpamphlets(Arts.139to141)wereseized.
    Thisshowsthataccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote
    areactivemembersofCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDF
    androleofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotewasto
    receive members of banned organisation from Ballarsha railway
    stationandtotakethemsafelyinforestareaofGadchirolitohave
    meetingwithundergroundnaxals.

    824] As reflected in para 4 of the letter Art.A21 of Exh.266


    foundin16GBmemorycardseizedfromthepossessionofaccused
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    no.3HemMishrathattwoamongstthemwerecomingtohearallthe
    reportsandpendingissues. Thisshowsthataccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahiattheinstanceofaccusedno.6SaibabaproceededfromDelhito
    Raipurtohavemeetingwithundergroundnaxalsintheforestareaof
    Gadchirolidistrictandaccusedno.5VijayTirkicameatChichgadT
    pointtoreceiveaccusedno.4PrashantRahifortakinghimsafelyto
    the forest area of Gadchiroli district to have meeting with
    underground naxal Ramdar. Finding of daily newspaper Dainik
    Bhaskarinpossessionofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiandno.5Vijay
    Tirkiclearlyshowthataccusedno.5VijayTirkihadcometoreceive
    accusedno.4PrashantRahi.Hence,inviewofaboveitisclearthat
    accusednos.1to6haveconspiredwitheachotherfordoingunlawful
    acts and as such the offence of conspiracy is established by the
    prosecutionagainstaccusednos.1to6.

    825] Atthisjunctureitisnecessarytoconsidertheratiolaid
    downbytheApexCourtincaseofYashPalMittalv.StateofPunjab,
    AIR1977SupremeCourt2433whereinitisobservedthat

    The very agreement, concert or league is


    theingredientoftheoffence.Itisnotnecessarythatall
    theconspiratorsmustknoweachandeverydetailofthe
    conspiracyaslongastheyarecoparticipatorsinthe
    mainobjectoftheconspiracy.Itisnotnecessarythat
    allconspiratorsshouldagreetothecommonpurposeat
    thesametime.Theymayjoinwithotherconspirators
    atanytimebeforetheconsummationoftheintended
    objective, and all are equally responsible. What part
    each conspirator is to play may not be known to
    everyoneorthefactastowhenaconspiratorjoinedthe
    conspiracy and whenhe left.Theremay be somany
    devicesandtechniquesadoptedtoachievethecommon
    goal of the conspiracy and there may be division of
    performancesinthechainofactionswithoneobjectto
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    achievetherealendofwhicheverycollaboratormust
    be aware and in which each one of them must be
    interested.Theremustbeunityofobjectorpurposebut
    there may be plurality of means sometimes even
    unknowntooneanother,amongsttheconspirators.In
    achievingthegoalseveraloffencesmaybecommitted
    by some of the conspirators even unknown to the
    others. The only relevant factor is that all means
    adoptedandillegalactsdonemustbeandpurportedto
    beinfurtheranceoftheobjectoftheconspiracyeven
    thoughtheremaybesometimesmisfireorovershooting
    by some of the conspirators. Even if some steps are
    resortedtobyoneortwooftheconspiratorswithout
    the knowledge of the others it will not affect the
    culpability of those others when they are associated
    withtheobjectoftheconspiracy.Butthentherehasto
    bepresentmutualinterest.Personsmaybemembersof
    singleconspiracyeventhougheachisignorantofthe
    identityofmanyotherswhomayhavediverseroleto
    play.Itisnotapartofthecrimeofconspiracythatall
    theconspiratorsneedtoagreetoplaythesameoran
    activerole.

    826] In view of above judgment it is not necessary that all


    conspiratormustknoweachandeverydetailofconspiracyanditis
    notnecessarythatallconspiratorsmustknoweachandeverydetails
    of conspiracy and at the same time they may join with other
    conspirators at any time before the consummation of the intended
    objectiveandallareequallyresponsible.Whatparteachconspirator
    istoplaymaynot beknowntoeveryoneorthefactastowhena
    conspiratorjoinedtheconspiracyandwhenheleft.

    827] In view of above it is necessary to see the facts of the


    present case. In the present case the role of accused no.2 Pandu
    Naroteandno.5VijayTirkiislimited. Theirjobwastoreceivethe
    members of banned organisation and to take them safely to have
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    meetingwithundergroundnaxalinforestareaofGadchirolidistrict.
    They were not knowing the details of conspiracy but they are
    conspirator in the main object of conspiracy. Further it was not
    necessaryfor accused no.2 Pandu Narote andno.5VijayTirkithat
    theyshouldhaveagreedforthecommonpurposeatthesametime.
    Theyjoinedwiththeconspiratorwithaccusedno.3HemMishra,no.4
    Prashant Rahi and no.6 Saibaba after consummation of intended
    objective.Eventhoughtheyareequallyliablefortheactofaccused
    no.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahiandno.6Saibabathoughthey
    werenotknowingwhatrolewastobeplayedbyaccusedno.3Hem
    Mishra,no.4PrashantRahiandno.6Saibaba.

    828] Inrespecttoaccusedno.1MaheshTirkihisrolewasnot
    limited only to take the members of bannedorganisation in forest
    areaofGadchirolitohavemeetingwithundergroundnaxal buthe
    wasalsofoundinpossessionofthreenaxalpamphletsArt.139issued
    by Bhakapa (Maowadi), (Gadchiroli Division) making allegations
    against the decision of the Government to destroy the life of
    Aadiwasis, Art.140 issued by Bhumkal Johar Te Dandakaryanya
    Special Zonal Committee, Bhakapa (Maowadi), titled as, Amar
    Shahidirku Lal Salam and pamphlet Art.141 issued by Bhartachi
    CommunistParty(Maowadi),MaharashtraRajyaSamitititledas ^jk[k
    lkaHkkGqu Bsok jk[k >kysY;kaph] laiyh ukgh y<kbZ vtqu [kSjykathph* and
    at the end it is mentioned that ^[kSjykath gR;kdkaMkP;k lq=/kkjkauk
    ikBh'kh ?kky.kkjs] iksfylka}kjs nfyrkaP;k gR;k dj.kkjs] nfyrkar ng'kr
    iljfo.kkjs egkjkV 'kklu eqnkZckn !-- uotuoknh dzkafr f>ankckn* and
    hepossessedthesameforcirculatingthesametoundergroundnaxals
    andtopeopleinGadchirolidistricttocausethepeopletoresortfor
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    violence and to cause public disorder and to create disaffection


    towardsGovernmentofMaharashtra.

    829] Theaccusedno.3HemMishraattheinstanceofaccused
    no.6 Saibaba proceeded from Delhi to have meeting with
    underground naxals in the forest area of Gadchiroli district for
    discussingimportantissuesrelatingtotheorganisationofRDFandhe
    possessedthelettersintextformscontainedinelectronicgadget16
    GB memorycard. Besides this there are several photographs and
    videoclips showing that he had taken active part in the meetings
    conductedbyRDF.

    830] The accused no.4 Prashant Rahi was designated as a


    memberofRDFwhennewbodywasformedon2223April,2012
    andtothateffectthereisavideocliphavingpath path Exh.3/RDF
    Conference video/9DVD/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01 _4. Further there are
    severalvideoclipswhereinhewasseentakingpartinthemeetings
    conducted by RDF. Further he was found in possession of 8
    documentscontainingnaxalliterature.

    831] Withrespecttoaccusedno.6Saibabathereisevidenceon
    record showing that he is a founder of RDF and he drafted the
    constitutionofRDF.HewasdesignatedasChiefCoordinatorbetween
    CPIMaoistIndiaandfraternalorganizationsofothercountriesand
    fromdocumentatpageno.210ofExh.267itisclearthatheheldpost
    of Assistant Secretary, further from document at page no.119 of
    Exh.267itisclearthathewasdesignatedasDeputySecretary,from
    the videoclip having path Exh.3/RDF Conference
    video/9DVD/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_4, it is clear that he was Joint
    SecretaryofRDFandfromthedocumentatpageno.41ofExh.267
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    itisclearthatheisVicePresidentofRDF.

    832] Fromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaextensive
    electronicgadgets (Arts.1 to 41)CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddiscs
    containingelectronicdataaround3TBintheformoftextdocuments,
    videoclipsandphotographswereseizedandthesaidtextdocuments
    are letters, correspondence, minutes of meetings and videoclips
    relatestomeetingsofRDFandaccusedno.6Saibabaistobefound
    asafounderofRDFandheisthinktankofRDForganisationand
    highprofileleaderandheassistedtheorganisationinfurtheranceof
    theirunlawful/terroristactivitiesasdefinedunderSection15ofUAPA
    whereinpeoplehavebeenexhortedtoarmedrebellion.

    TheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967

    833] TerrorismisaproblemnotonlyinIndiabutalloverthe
    world.InordertocombattheTerroristActivitiesforthefirsttimethe
    Parliament enacted the UAPA in the year 1967. The statement of
    objectsandreasonsofthatenactmentdisclosesthatthecommittee
    appointed by the National Integrity Council recommended for
    imposition of certain reasonable restriction on the rights of the
    citizens;intheinterestofsovereigntyandintegrityofIndia(1)such
    asfreedomofspeechandexpression,righttoassemblepeacefullyand
    without arms and right to form associations and unions; and
    accordinglytheConstitution16thAmendmentActwaspassed.Itisin
    thatbackgroundthattheU.A.P.Actwasbroughtintoexistence.Inthe
    preambleofthatAct,thewords"terroristactivities"wereincludedin
    theyear2004.
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    834] TheschemeoftheU.A.P.ActisthattheStateandCentral
    Governments are conferred with the powers to declare certain
    associations whose activities are found to be a threat to the
    sovereigntyoftheState;asunlawful.Theactsundertakenbysuch
    prohibitedassociationsaremadepunishableundertheAct.Chapters
    III and IV of that Act prescribe the punishments for the offences
    mentionedtherein.Thisenactmentdoesnotcontemplateanyspecial
    procedure, to be followedfor trial ofthe offencesdefinedtherein,
    muchlessdiditprovideforcreationofanyspecialCourts.Inother
    words, the jurisdiction of the ordinary Criminal Courts functioning
    undertheCodeofCriminalProcedureiskeptintactandtheordinary
    procedureistobefollowed.

    835] Thesaidactwasamendedfromtimetotimeasfollows:
    1.TheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Amendment
    Act,1969;
    2.TheCriminalLaw(Amendment)Act,1986;
    3.TheDelegatedLegislationProvisions(Amendment)
    Act,1986;
    4.The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment
    Act,2004,
    5.TheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Amendment
    Act,2008
    6.TheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Amendment
    Act,2011
    7.TheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Amendment
    Act,2012.
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    836] Communist Party of India (Maoist) and its frontal


    organisation have been declared as Terrorist Organisation under
    notificationno.954,dated22.06.2009issuedunderUAPA.

    ArgumentofAdvocateShri.GadlingfortheaccusedonNIA

    837] The learned Advocate Shri Gadling for the accused


    submittedthatinthepresentcasetheoffenceisregisteredagainstthe
    accusedundertheprovisionsofUAPAandtheCentralGovernment
    has enacted the National Investigation Agency Act, 2008 and the
    offencesunderUAPAweredeclaredasascheduledoffenceinthesaid
    ActandasperprovisionsofSection6ofthesaidAct,onreceiptof
    informationrelatingtoanyScheduledOffencetheofficerinchargeof
    the said Police Station has to forward the report to the State
    GovernmentforthwithandStateGovernmentinturnhastoforward
    thereport(FIR)toCentralGovernmentandtheCentralGovernment
    is an competent authority to decide whether the offence is a
    Scheduled Offence and it is to be investigated by N.I.A. The
    provisionsofNationalInvestigationAgencyAct,2008hasbeenmade
    toprotecttheinnocentpersonsbeingprosecutedforanyfalsecase
    andtheprovisionsofNationalInvestigationAgencyAct,2008hasto
    be read harmoniously and after registration of the offence
    InvestigatingOfficerSuhas Bawche (P.W.11)hasnot forwardedthe
    FIRtotheStateGovernmentandStateGovernmentinturnhasnot
    forwardedthesametotheCentralGovernmentbyvirtueofprovisions
    of Section 6 of National Investigation Agency Act, 2008 and the
    entire investigation carried outbytheprosecutionisillegalandas
    mandatory provisions as contemplated under Section 6 of the
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    National Investigation Agency Act, 2008 have not been followed,


    henceseriousprejudicehasbeencausedtotheaccused.Insupportof
    his submission he placed reliance on the judgment in the case of
    BahadurKoravs.StateofBiharreportedin2015Cri.L.J.2134.

    838] Per contra, the learned Spl. P.P. Shri Sathianathan


    submittedthattheStateGovernmenthaspowertoinvestigateandfile
    chargesheetthoughtheoffencepunishableunderUAPAaredeclared
    asscheduledoffenceunderNationalInvestigationAct2008.

    Conclusion

    839] Inordertodecidewhetherthereisbreachofmandatory
    provisionsandwhethertheNationalInvestigationAuthorityalonehas
    powertoinvestigatetheoffenceunderUAPAwhicharedeclaredtobe
    scheduledoffenceunderNationalInvestigationAct2008andwhether
    the noncompliance of provisions of Section 6 of National
    Investigation Act would vitiate the trial in the present case. It is
    necessarytohavelookontheprovisionsofSection6of National
    InvestigationAct2008whichisreproducedasunder:
    6.InvestigationofScheduledOffences.
    (1) On receipt of information and recording thereof
    under section 154 of the Code relating to any
    Scheduled Offence the officerincharge of the police
    station shall forward the report to the State
    Governmentforthwith.

    (2)Onreceiptofthereportundersubsection(1),the
    State Government shall forward the report to the
    CentralGovernmentasexpeditiouslyaspossible.

    (3)OnreceiptofreportfromtheStateGovernment,
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    theCentralGovernmentshalldetermineonthebasisof
    informationmadeavailablebytheStateGovernment
    or received from other sources, within fifteen days
    from the date of receipt of the report, whether the
    offenceisaScheduledOffenceornotandalsowhether,
    havingregardtothegravityoftheoffenceandother
    relevantfactors,itisafitcasetobeinvestigatedbythe
    Agency.

    (4)WheretheCentralGovernmentisoftheopinion
    thattheoffenceisaScheduledOffenceanditisafit
    casetobeinvestigatedbytheAgency,itshalldirectthe
    Agencytoinvestigatethesaidoffence.

    (5) Notwithstanding anything contained in this


    section, if the Central Government is of the opinion
    thataScheduledOffencehasbeencommittedwhichis
    requiredtobeinvestigatedunderthisAct,itmay,suo
    motu,directtheAgencytoinvestigatethesaidoffence.

    (6) Where any direction has been given under sub


    section (4) or subsection (5) the State Government
    and any police officer of the State Government
    investigating the offence shall not proceed with the
    investigationandshallforthwithtransmittherelevant
    documentsandrecordstotheAgency.

    (7) For the removal ofdoubts,it ishereby declared


    thattilltheAgencytakesuptheinvestigationofthe
    case,itshallbethedutyoftheofficerinchargeofthe
    policestationtocontinuetheinvestigation.

    840] OngoingthroughtheprovisionsofSection6ofNational
    Investigation Act 2008 two eventualities are provided when the
    investigationcanbetakenupbyNationalInvestigationAuthority.

    I] WhentheStateGovernmentforwardthe
    reporttoCentralGovernmentas
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    requiredbySection4inrespectof
    scheduledoffenceand

    II] When the State Government can suo


    motu take investigation in respect of scheduled
    offences falling under the provisions of National
    InvestigationAct2008.Inthepresentcasenoneof
    the above two eventualities had arisen. The
    InvestigatingOfficerhasnotforwardedreportunder
    Section6ofNationalInvestigationAct2008andin
    turn the State Government hasnot forwarded the
    same to Central Government nor the State
    Governmenthassuomotutakentheinvestigationof
    scheduledoffenceundertheNationalInvestigation
    Act2008.

    841] IntheabovereportedjudgmentincaseofBahadurKora
    vs.StateofBiharreportedin2015Cri.L.J.2134 citedsupra,the
    FullBenchofPatnaHighCourtinPara41observedasunder:
    41. It has already been mentioned that in these
    casesnotasinglestepreferabletoS.6or7were
    taken either by the State Government or by the
    Central Government or by the N.I.A. Therefore,
    simply because an offence punishable under the
    Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 was
    alleged, the investigation and trial of such cases
    cannotbebroughtunderthepurviewoftheAct.
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    842] Further, the observations made by Full Bench of Patna


    HighCourtinabovecaseinparas18,19and20areimportant.These
    arereproducedasunder:

    18. IfonegoesbytheschemeoftheAct,themost
    importantstephappenstobetheoneofentrustment
    oftheinvestigationofthecasetotheN.I.R.under
    subsection(5)ofS.6.Onceadecisionistakenby
    the Central Government to direct the N.I.A. to
    investigate the offences, the provisions of the Act
    wouldapply,inthecontextofinvestigationaswell
    asthetrial.

    19.ThepowersoftheStateGovernment,inrespect
    of such offences, is virtually subjugated. This is
    evidentfromS.10,whichreadsasunder:
    "10. Save as otherwise provided in this Act,
    nothingcontainedinthisActshallaffectthepowers
    of the State Government to investigate and
    prosecute any scheduled offence or other offences
    underanylawforthetimebeinginforce."

    20.Areadingofthissectiondisclosesthatthe
    powersoftheStateGovernmenttoinvestigateand
    prosecute any scheduled offence or other offences
    wouldremainintact,unlessotherwiseprovidedfor
    undertheAct.Inotherwords,iftheinvestigationis
    entrusted to N.I.A., the power of the State to
    investigate and prosecute the scheduled offences,
    ceases.

    843] OngoingthroughtheprovisionsofSection10ofNational
    Investigation Agency Act, 2008 if the investigation is taken up by
    National Investigation Agency then the only jurisdiction of State
    Governmenttoinvestigateandprosecutethescheduledoffenceunder
    UAPAistakenawayandnoneoftheeventualityhasarisenhere.
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    844] In view of the Judgement of Full Bench of Patna High


    Court the Sessions Court has power to try the offences under the
    UAPAiftheinvestigationwasdoneinpursuanceofpowerconferred
    under Section 43 of UAPA when investigation is not directed by
    CentralGovernmenttoStateGovernmentunderUAPA.

    845] Furthertheaccusedhasnotabletoshowanyprejudice
    causedtothemortooccasionoffailureofjusticehastakenplaceby
    noncompliance of mandatory provisions of 6A of National
    InvestigationAgencyAct,2008. Atthisjuncture,itisnecessaryto
    considertheratiolaiddownbytheApexCourtinthejudgmentof
    Munnalalvs.StateofU.P.reportedin1964SupremeCourt28in
    whichitisobservedthat
    (A) Prevention of Corruption Act (2 of 1947) ,
    S.5A Provision is mandatory Investigation in
    violationoftheprovisionisillegalTrialishowever
    notvitiatedinabsenceofmiscarriageofjustice.

    HeldthatthoughtheletterofS.5AoftheActwas
    compliedwithitsspiritwasnot,forinrealitythere
    wasnoinvestigationbytheofficerauthorisedunder
    thatsectionandtherealinvestigationwasbyasub
    inspectorofpolicewhowasneverauthorised.S.5A
    ismandatoryandnotdirectoryandaninvestigation
    conducted in violation thereof is illegal. Even if
    howevertherewasirregularityintheinvestigation
    andS.5Awasnotcompliedwithinsubstance,the
    trialscouldnotbeheldtobeillegalunlessitwas
    shownthatmiscarriageofjusticehadbeencaused
    onaccountoftheillegalinvestigation.Therewasno
    miscarriageofjusticeinthesecasesatallduetothe
    irregular investigation. As a matter of fact on the
    alternative case put forward by the accused the
    substance of the prosecution case was practically
    admitted by him and he merely pleaded certain
    mitigatingcircumstances.Noobjectionwastakenat
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    thetrialwhenitbegananditwasallowedtocome
    toanend.

    846] In view of above the investigation of offence by State


    policeinvirtueofSection37ofUAPAandfilingofchargesheetby
    Sub Divisional Police Officer (P.W.21)P.W.11SuhasBawcheandby
    noncompliance of mandatory provisions of Section 6(1) of the
    National Investigation Agency Act, 2008, the contention of the
    learnedAdvocateShriGadlingfortheaccusedtovitiatethetrialhas
    noforce.

    ArgumentofAdvocateShri.GadlingfortheaccusedonSec.24,25
    ofUAPA

    847] ThelearnedAdvocateShriGadlingfortheaccusedfurther
    submittedthataccordingtotheprosecutionfromthepossessionof
    accused no.3 Hem Mishra 16 GB MemoryCard was seized and
    thereafter Investigating Officer P.W.11 Suhas Bawche had obtained
    search warrant from the Magistrate P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas for the
    housesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaandfromthehousesearchof
    accusedno.6SaibabaseveralelectronicdeviceslikeCDs,DVDs,pen
    drives,harddiscswereseized.Hesubmittedthatasperprovisionsof
    Section24AofUAPAwhichhasbeenamendedbyUAPAintheyear
    2013 the word, any property is inserted in the heading of the
    ChapterVwhereanypropertywhichformproceedsofterrorismand
    intended to be used for terrorism can not be seized without the
    permission of Director General of Police and seizure has to be
    informedwithin48hourstotheDesignatedAuthority.
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    848] Hesubmittedthatonperusalofrecordandevidenceitis
    clear that seizure of the property alleged to be seized from the
    accusedno.3HemMishraandno.6Saibabaisnotinformedwithin48
    hourstotheDesignatedAuthority.HeinvitedattentionoftheCourt
    totheevidenceofP.W.11SuhasBawchewhoinhiscrossexamination
    admittedthathehasnotreportedseizureofthepropertywithin48
    hourstoDesignatedauthorityandexplanationgivenbyhimisthathe
    thought that the articles seized were not explosive substance but
    thesewereordinaryarticlesandhencehedidnotreportseizuretohis
    superiorauthority.Hesubmittedthatevenifforthesakeofargument
    seizureof16GBmemorycardseizedfromthepossessionofaccused
    no.3HemMishrawassurprisebutthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibabawaspreplanned,thatis,itwastakenaftertakingthesearch
    warrant from the MagistrateP.W.12NileshwarVyas. He submitted
    thatInvestigatingOfficerP.W.11SuhasBawchewantedtoplantsaid
    propertyi.e.CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddiscstoshowtheseizureof
    thesamefromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaandhencehe
    hasnotfollowedthemandatoryprovisionsofSection24and25of
    UAPAandassuchseriousprejudicehasbeencausedtotheaccused.
    Onabovetwogroundsprosecutionlaunchedagainsttheaccusedhas
    tobedropped.

    Conclusion

    849] In order to decide this controversy it is necessary to


    considertheprovisionsofChapterVandSection25ofUAPAwhich
    arereproducedasunder:
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    ChapterV

    Forfeiture of Proceeds of Terrorism [or any


    PropertyIntendedtobeUsedForTerrorism]
    Section25ofUAPA Powersofinvestigating
    officerandDesignatedAuthorityandappealagainst
    orderofDesignatedAuthority.
    (1) If an officer investigating an offence
    committed under Chapter IV or Chapter VI, has
    reason to believe that any property in relation to
    whichaninvestigationisbeingconducted,represents
    proceeds of terrorism, he shall, with the prior
    approval in writing of the Director General of the
    PoliceoftheStateinwhichsuchpropertyissituated,
    makeanorder seizingsuchpropertyandwhereit
    is not practicable to seize such property, make an
    orderofattachmentdirectingthatsuchpropertyshall
    not be transferred or otherwise dealt with except
    withthepriorpermissionoftheofficermaking
    suchorder,or of the Designated Authority before
    whom the property seized or attached is produced
    andacopyofsuchordershallbeservedontheperson
    concerned.

    (2)Theinvestigatingofficershalldulyinform
    theDesignated Authority within fortyeight hours
    oftheseizureorattachmentofsuchproperty.

    (3)TheDesignatedAuthoritybeforewhomthe
    seized or attached property is produced shall either
    confirmorrevoke the order of seizure or
    attachment so issued within a period of sixty days
    fromthedateofsuchproduction:

    Provided that an opportunity of making a


    representationbythepersonwhosepropertyisbeing
    seizedorattachedshallbegiven.

    (4)Inthecaseofimmovablepropertyattached
    bytheinvestigatingofficer,itshallbedeemedtohave
    beenproducedbeforetheDesignatedAuthority,when
    theinvestigatingofficernotifieshisreportandplaces
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    itatthedisposaloftheDesignatedAuthority.

    (5) The investigating officer may seize and


    detainanycashtowhichthisChapterappliesifhe
    hasreasonablegroundsfor
    suspectingthat

    (a)itisintendedtobeusedforthepurposesof
    terrorism;or

    (b)itformsthewholeorpartoftheresourcesof
    aterroristorganisation:

    Providedthatthecashseizedunderthissubsectionby
    the investigating officer shall be released within a
    periodoffortyeight hoursbeginningwiththetime
    whenitisseizedunlessthematterinvolvingthecash
    isbeforetheDesignatedAuthorityandsuchAuthority
    passesanorderallowingitsretentionbeyondforty
    eighthours.

    Explanation.
    For the purposes of this subsection, cash
    means
    (a)coinsornotesinanycurrency;
    (b)postalorders;
    (c)traveller'scheques;
    (ca)creditordebitcardsorcardsthatservea
    similarpurpose;
    (d)banker'sdrafts;and
    (e)suchothermonetaryinstrumentsasthe
    CentralGovernmentor,asthecasemaybe,
    theStateGovernmentmayspecifybyanorder
    madeinwriting.

    (6)Anypersonaggrievedbyanordermadeby
    theDesignatedAuthoritymaypreferanappeal
    to thecourtwithinaperiodof thirtydays
    fromthedateofreceiptoftheorder,and the
    court may either confirm the order of
    attachmentofpropertyorseizuresomadeor
    revokesuchorderandreleasetheproperty.
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    850] Ongoingthroughtheaboveprovisions,itisclearthatthe
    seized property should be proceeds of terrorism or such property
    whichisintendedtobeusedforterrorism. Ongoingthroughthe
    provisionsofSection25ofUAPAitrevealsthatthewordpropertyis
    usedsometimewithrespecttocash,currencynote,cheques,banker's
    drafts. This means the property which is intended to be used for
    terrorisminviewofSection25(5)(a)havingsomevalueinmoney
    thenonlyprovisionsofSection25ofUAPAgotattractedwhichcould
    beusedforterrorismandwiththehelpofthistheterroristactwould
    bedone.Inthepresentcase,thepropertyseizedis16GBmemory
    card,newspapers,railwayplatformtickets,umbrella,CDs,DVDs,pen
    drives, harddiscs etc. which can not be considered as a property
    whichwouldbeproceedsofterrorismoranypropertyintendedtobe
    usedforterrorism. Hence,thecontentionofthelearnedAdvocate
    Shri Gadling for the accused that provisions of Section 25 are
    applicable in this case have no force and cannot be taken into
    consideration andthesaid propertylike 16GB memorycard,CDs,
    DVDs,pendrives,harddiscsetc.cannotbeconsideredasaproperty
    proceedsofterrorismandpropertyintendedtobeusedforterrorism.
    These electronic gadgets were used by the members of banned
    organization CPI (Maoist and RDF) as a mode of communication
    betweenthemandtheseelectronicgadgetscannotbeconsiderasa
    proceedsofterrorism.

    ArgumentsofAdv.ShriGadlingfortheaccused
    onSec.43,43A,43B&UAPA.

    851] The learned Advocate Shri Gadling for the accused


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    vehementlyarguedthatthemandatoryprovisionsofSection43,43A
    and43BofUAPAhavenotbeenfollowedandthereisanillegalityin
    carrying out the investigation and that itself vitiate the trial. He
    submittedthattheaccusedno.1Mahesh,no.2Panduandno.3Hem
    Mishra were arrested by PSI Atul Avhad (P.W.6) and FIR was
    registered by station diary incharge of Police Station, Aheri ASI
    NarendraDube (P.W.15). Thepersonalsearchoftheaccusedno.1
    Mahesh, no.2 Pandu and no.3 Hem Mishra was taken by Police
    Inspector AnilBadgujar(P.W.10)whoisnot aPolice Officerinthe
    rankofDeputySuperintendentofPoliceorequivalentofhisrank.It
    wasarguedthatmandatoryprovisionsofSection43,43Aand43Bof
    UAPA have not been compliedandonthispoint itselfaccusedare
    entitledforacquittal.

    Conclusion

    852] InthepresentcasefromtheevidenceofPSIAtulAvhad
    (P.W.6),PIAnilBadgujar(P.W.10),ASINarendraDubey(P.W.15)and
    panch witness P.W.1 Santosh Bawne it reveals that accused no.1
    Mahesh,no.2Panduandno.3HemMishrawerefoundinsuspicious
    circumstancesatsecludedplacenearAheribusstandandoninquiry
    with them by Police Officer PSI Atul Avhad (P.W.6) they gave
    unsatisfactoryanswershencetheywerearrestedandtheyweretaken
    to Police Station, Aheri and their personal search was taken in
    presence of panch witness Santosh Bawne (P.W.1) and from the
    possessionofaccusedno.1Mahesh,incriminatingarticlesi.e.three
    naxal pamphlets (Arts.139 to 141), platform ticket of Ballarsha
    railwaystationdated28.5.2013werefoundandfromthepossession
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    of accused no.2 Pandu, incriminating articles platform ticket of


    Ballarsha railwaystation, newspaperandumbrellawerefoundand
    from the possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra incriminating
    articles16GBmemorycardofSandisccompany,railwayticketfrom
    DelhitoBallarsha,Saharanewspaperwerefound.Fromtheevidence
    ofPIAnilBadgujar(P.W.10)itrevealsthatafterthatastheoffenceis
    falling under UAPA the investigation was handedover to Deputy
    SuperintendentofPoliceP.W.11SuhasBawche.Inordertodealwith
    thecontroversyposedbydefencecounselShriGadling,itisnecessary
    tohavelookontheprovisionsofSection43,43Aand43BofUAPA.
    Section43,43Aand43Barereproducedasunder:

    Sec.43] Officers competent to investigate


    offences under Chapters IV and VI Notwithstanding
    anythingcontainedintheCode,nopoliceofficer,

    (a) in the case of the Delhi Special Police


    Establishment, constituted under subsection (1) of
    section2oftheDelhiSpecialPoliceEstablishmentAct,
    1946, (25 of 1946), below the rank of a Deputy
    Superintendent of Police or a police officer of
    equivalentrank
    (b) in the metropolitan areas of Mumbai,
    Kolkata, Chennai andAhmedabad and any other
    metropolitanareanotifiedassuchundersubsection
    (1) of section 8 of the Code, below the rank of
    anAssistantCommissionerofPolice;
    (c) in any case not relatable to clause (a) or
    clause(b),belowtherankofaDeputySuperintendent
    ofPoliceorapoliceofficerofanequivalentrank,shall
    investigateanyoffencepunishableunderChapterIVor
    ChapterVI.

    43A.Powertoarrest,search,etc.Anyofficer
    oftheDesignatedAuthorityempoweredinthisbehalf,
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    bygeneralorspecialorderoftheCentralGovernment
    ortheStateGovernment,asthecasemaybe,knowing
    ofadesigntocommitanyoffenceunderthisActor
    has reason to believe from personal knowledge or
    informationgivenbyanypersonandtakeninwriting
    thatanypersonhascommittedanoffencepunishable
    underthisActorfromanydocument,articleorany
    other thing which may furnish evidence of the
    commission of such offence or from any illegally
    acquired property or any document or other article
    which may furnish evidence of holding any illegally
    acquired property which is liable for seizure or
    freezing or forfeiture under this Chapter is kept or
    concealedinanybuilding,conveyanceorplace,may
    authoriseanyofficersubordinatetohimtoarrestsuch
    apersonorsearchsuchbuilding,conveyanceorplace
    whetherbydayorbynightorhimselfarrestsucha
    person or search a such building, conveyance or
    place.]

    43B.Procedureofarrest,seizure,etc
    (1)Anyofficerarrestingapersonundersection
    43Ashall, as soon as may be, inform him of the
    groundsforsucharrest.
    (2) Every person arrested and article seized
    under section 43A shall be forwarded without
    unnecessary delay to the officer in charge of the
    nearestpolicestation.
    (3)Theauthorityorofficertowhomanyperson
    or article is forwarded under subsection (2) shall,
    with all convenient dispatch, take such measures as
    maybenecessaryinaccordancewiththeprovisionsof
    theCode.]

    853] On perusal of above provisions it reveals that under


    Section 43 of UAPA, Deputy Superintendent of Police or a Police
    Officer of equivalent rank is designated as competent person to
    investigateoffenceunderUAPA.
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    854] On perusal of Sections 43A and 43B which were


    introducedbywayofamendmenttotheUAPAw.e.f.31.12.2008any
    officer of the designated authority empowered in that behalf by
    general or special order of the Central Government and State
    Government were declared to be competent person to investigate,
    arrestandmakesearchandseizureinthecase.
    Under Section 2(d) the definition ofDesignatedAuthority isgiven
    whichisreproducedasunder:
    Section2 (d) Designated Authority meanssuch
    officerofthecentralgovernmentnotbelowtherank
    ofjointSecretarytothatgovernment,orsuchofficer
    of the state government not below the rank of
    secretarytothatgovernment,asthecasemaybe,as
    maybespecifiedbythecentralgovernmentorthe
    state government, by notification published in the
    officialgazette.

    855] TheprovisionsofSection43Aand43Baredifferentfrom
    Section 43 where Deputy Superintendent of Police is Designated
    AuthorityasacompetentpersontoinvestigateoffenceunderUAPA.
    ThefactsinthecaseinhandarethatinthemonthofAugust2013,
    API Atul Avhad (P.W.6) attached to Special Branch, Gadchiroli got
    secretinformationthataccusedno.1Maheshandno.2Panduwere
    workingforprohibitedbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist),hencethey
    startedkeepingwatchontheiractivitiesandon22.8.2013accused
    no.1Mahesh,no.2Pandualongwithaccusedno.3HemMishrawere
    foundinsuspiciouscircumstancesatsecludedplacenearbusstand,
    Aheri hence API Atul Avhad (P.W.6) arrested them and they were
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    takentoPoliceStation,AheriandinpresenceofpanchwitnessP.W.1
    SantoshBawneandPIAnilBadgujar(P.W.10)personalsearchofeach
    accused was taken and from their personal search incriminating
    articles were seized under panchanama (Exh.137) and FIR was
    registered at Aheri Police Station by PI P.W.10 Anil Badgujar and
    thereafter further investigation was handedover to Investigating
    OfficerP.W.11DeputySuperintendentofPoliceSuhasBawchewhois
    empowered to investigate the offence under UAPA by virtue of
    provisionsofSection43ofUAPA.Hence,merelybecausetheoffefnce
    wasregisteredbyPoliceInspectorP.W.10AnilBadgujarandhetook
    personal searchof accusednos.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNarote
    andno.3HemMishraandpreparedpanchanamaExh.137thatisnot
    agroundtovitiatethetrialinthiscase.Atthisstage,itisnecessary
    toconsidertheratiolaiddownbyAndhraPradeshHighCourtinthe
    judgmentof AkulaBhoomaiah.v.StateofA.P.reportedin2013
    CRI.L.J.1198inwhichitisheldthat

    (A) UnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act(37of
    1967), S.43 Charges of supporting terrorist
    organizationRegistrationofcrimebyInspectorof
    Police Validity Plea raised by accusedpersons
    that officer of rank of A.C.P. was prescribed for
    purposesofinvestigationbyvirtueofS.43Not
    tenableCrimewasonlydetectedandreportedby
    InspectorNofurtherinvestigationwastakenupby
    Inspector Thus, registration of crime did not
    offendS.43ofAct.(Para4)

    856] Further, in view of the judgment of Apex Court in the


    judgmentofMunnalalvs.StateofU.P.reportedin1964Supreme
    Court 28 cited supra the trial is not vitiated if some part of the
    investigation was not conducted by officer of rank of SDPO as
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    envisagedunderSection43ofUAPA.

    857] ItistobenotedthatbyvirtueofprovisionofSec.43Cof
    UAPA, Deputy Superintendent of Police is competent to investigate
    anyoffence punishableunderchapterIVandVIofUAPA. Atthis
    juncture,itisnecessarytoconsidertheobservationoffullBenchof
    Patna High Court in the case of Bahadur Kora V.State of Bihar,
    reported in 2015, CRI.L.J.2134, para 46B of this judgment is
    reproducedasunder

    46BWethereforeholdthatthecasesevenwhere
    offencespunishableundertheprovisionsofU.A.P.A.
    areallegedshallbetriedbytheCourtsasprovided
    forundertheCr.P.C.andnotinaccordancewiththe
    specialprocedure,undertheActunless

    (i)theinvestigationofsuchcasesisentrusted
    bytheCentralGovernmenttotheN.I.A.and
    (ii)theN.I.A.transfersthesametothe
    investigatingagencyofStateGovernment.

    858] In view of this the investigation carried out by SDPO


    SuhasBawcheislegalandproperandthisCourthasjurisdictionto
    trythepresentcaseforoffenceunderUAPA,asinvestigationwasnot
    interestedtoN.I.A.byCentralGovernmentandN.I.A.didnottransfer
    toStateGovernment. Hence,thereisnosubstanceinthedefence
    argumentthatinvestigationisnotcarriedoutbycompetentofficer
    andthetrialisnotvitiatedonthispoint.
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    859] Now,itisnecessarytoseewhethertheprosecutionhas
    establishedthecaseagainstaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2Pandu
    Narote,no.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahi,no.5VijayTirkiand
    no.6Saibabaandwhatingredientsoftheoffencespunishableunder
    Section13ofUAPAreadwithSection120BoftheIPCareattracted
    againstthem.

    ArgumentofShriGadlingAdvocatefortheaccusedonSection13
    ofUAPA

    860] The learned Advocate Shri Gadling for the accused


    submittedthatSection13ofUAPAdealswiththeactivitiescarriedby
    unlawful association. Section 3 of UAPA deals with unlawful
    associationandChapter6ofUAPAdealswithterroristorganisation.
    There is difference between organisation and association and CPI
    (Maoist)andRDFareorganizationandnotassociationandSection
    13ofUAPArelatestounlawfulassociationandhencethecontention
    ofthedefenceisthattheingredientsofSection13oftheActarenot
    attractedandsanctioncouldnothavebeengrantedforprosecution
    underSection13oftheUAPA.Thisshowsthatsanctionwasgranted
    without application of mind. He submitted that there is no
    notificationtothateffectissuedbytheCentralGovernmentu/s3of
    UAPA.DeclaringRDFisaanunlawfulassociation.

    861] Therelatedprovisionsarereproducedasunder:
    Sec.13Punishmentforunlawfulactivities(1)
    Whoever
    (a)takespartinorcommits,or
    (b) advocates, abets, advises or incites the
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    commission of, any unlawful activity, shall be


    punishablewithimprisonmentforatermwhichmay
    extendtoseven years, and shall also be liable to
    fine.
    (2)Whoever,inanyway,assistsanyunlawful
    activityof any association declared unlawful
    under section 3, after the notification by which it
    hasbeensodeclaredhasbecome effective under
    subsection(3)ofthatsection,shallbe punishable
    withimprisonmentforatermwhichmayextendto
    fiveyears,orwithfine,orwithboth.
    (3)Nothinginthissectionshallapplytoany
    treaty,agreement or convention entered into
    between the Government of India and the
    Government of any other country or to any
    negotiations therefor carried on by any person
    authorised in this behalf by the Government of
    India.
    2.Definitions.
    (1) In this Act,unlessthe context otherwise
    requires,:

    (o) "unlawful activity, in relation to an


    individualor association, means any action
    takenbysuchindividualor association (whether
    bycommittinganactorbywords,eitherspokenor
    written,orbysignsorbyvisiblerepresentationor
    otherwise),

    (i)whichisintended,orsupportsanyclaim,
    to bring about, on any ground whatsoever, the
    cession of a part of the territory of India or the
    secessionofapartoftheterritoryofIndiafromthe
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    Union,or whichincitesanyindividualorgroupof
    individualstobringaboutsuchcessionorsecession;
    or

    (ii) whichdisclaims,questions,disruptsoris
    intended to disrupt the sovereignty and territorial
    integrityofIndia;or

    (iii) which causes or is intended to cause


    disaffectionagainstIndia;

    (p) "unlawful association means any


    association,

    (i) which has for its object any unlawful


    activity, or which encourages or aids persons to
    undertake any unlawful activity, or of which the
    membersundertakesuchactivity; or

    (ii) which has for its object any activity


    whichispunishable under section 153A or
    section153BoftheIndianPenalCode(45of1860),
    orwhichencouragesoraidspersonstoundertake
    any such activity, or of which the members
    undertakeanysuch activity:

    Providedthatnothingcontainedinsub
    clause (ii) shall apply tothe State of Jammu and
    Kashmir;

    862] In order to see whether the ingredients of the offence


    punishableunderSection13ofUAPAareestablished,itisnecessary
    to scrutinize the documents seized from the possession of accused
    no.1 Mahesh Tirki i.e. naxal pamphlets (Art. 139 to 141), text
    documents Arts.A17 to A21 retrieved from 16 GB memorycard of
    Sandisk company seized from the personal search of accused no.3
    Hem Mishra and documents,photographs,videoclipsfoundinthe
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    electronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)atPagenos.1to247andArts.147to
    164ofExh.267seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    broughtonrecordbytheprosecution.

    863] FromthedocumentatArt.157,itisclearthatmembersof
    AIPRF and SFPR merged into one organization with a new name
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)shallworkwithaperspective
    of taking New Democratic Revolutionary politics into the broad
    massesofthecountrywiththesloganslike NaxalbaryEkhiRastha;
    AndhraBihar,JharkhandChattisgahDikhatahainRatsha anditshall
    work among the masses by taking up election boycott in order to
    projectthenewdemocraticpoliticalalternativeastheonlywayfor
    the liberation of the country andthepeople fromimperialismand
    feudalism and RDF supports and strives to integrate with all
    democratic and antiimperialist struggles of workers, peasants,
    women,dalits,nationalities,adivasis,youthetc.

    864] The document at page no.17 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.22/recoveredfolder/folder003,titledasReviewofRDFwork
    sinceitsFormation,showsthatinthepresentsituation,itisalmost
    impossibletoprovideanyreformorrelieftothemassesthroughthe
    parliamentarysystem.(evenifitmakereformpossible,itshouldbe
    rejected) Even the process of judiciary is not consistent with the
    provisionsoftheIndianConstitution.Hence,fromthesaiddocument
    it reveals that there is mention of rejection of parliamentary
    democracy which shows the disaffection against the Central
    GovernmentandStateGovernmentestablishedbylaw.
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    865] On perusal of contents of pamphlet Art.139 issued by


    Bhakapa (Maowadi), (Gadchiroli Division) shows that there was
    oppose to the policies of the Government which were being
    implemented in the Gadchiroli district i.e. implementation of
    SurjagadProjectandGreenHuntOperationshowshatredtowardsthe
    GovernmentandonperusalofcontentsofpamphletArt.141itreveals
    that it was published by Bhartachi Communist Party (Maowadi),
    MaharashtraRajyaSamitititledas ^jk[k lkaHkkGqu Bsok jk[k >kysY;kaph]
    laiyh ukgh y<kbZ vtqu [kSjykathph* andattheenditismentioned
    that ^[kSjykath gR;kdkaMkP;k lq=/kkjkauk ikBh'kh ?kky.kkjs] iksfylka}kjs
    nfyrkaP;k gR;k dj.kkjs] nfyrkar ng'kr iljfo.kkjs egkjkV 'kklu
    eqnkZckn !-- uotuoknh dzkafr f>ankckn* andappealedpeopletoprotest
    Maharashtra Government and accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki found
    circulating the information to the underground naxals and found
    inciting people and abetting the people for violence by spreading
    disaffectionagainsttheGovernment.

    866] Invideocliphavingpath Exh.3/films/s1/RDF/3/VIDEO


    _TS/VTS_01_3, in the harddisc seized from the house search of
    accusedno.6Saibaba itisseenthatthedignitariesfromdifferent
    parts including accused no.6 G.N. Saibaba are seen on dais and
    speakingaboutTelanganaandgivingacalltogivebloodforcreation
    ofTelangana. Fromthisvideoitisclearthataccusedno.6Saibaba
    wasincitingthepeopletogivebloodforcreationofTelanganaand
    thisshowsthattheyareinstigatingthepeopletofightandtowage
    waragainsttheGovernmentshowingdisaffectionandthisfactisalso
    clearfromthedocumenti.e.PressReleaseatPageno.210ofExh.267
    titled as Revolutionary DemocraticFront (RDF), the first allIndia
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    Conference on 2223 April, 2012 held at Hyderabad, Telangana


    foundintheharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6
    Saibaba.

    867] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF/4/VIDEO
    _TS/VTS_01_2, accused no.6 Saibaba is seen in RDF conference
    sayingthattheRDFcompletely rejecttheparliamentarysystem and
    use of parliamentary system and its electoral system and further
    stated that RDFmanifestoclearlyestablishesthat thisorganization
    thinksthatnaxalvadichangethefaceofthepoliticsofthiscountry,
    the politics of Indians of continent will remain the same after
    naxalbariapprisinghappened,sonaxalvadiekhiraasta,naxalvadiis
    onlywayisthecentralsloganaspertheRDF andotherstatements
    regardingnaxalbari.Contentsofthislettershowsthataccusedno.6
    SaibabaisnotonlyopposingtheGovernmentbutsupportingforthe
    implementationofRDFmanifestocontendingthereinthatnaxalbari
    Ek Hi Rasta and it is clear that RDF has rejected the use of
    parliamentary system and its electoral system by promoting and
    propagatingcommunistideologyandaccusedno.6Saibabahastaken
    active part to strengthen the people in the RDF organisation by
    showingdisaffectiontowardstheGovernmentofIndia.

    868] In the videoclip having path Exh.3/films/s1/


    RDF/2/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1accusedno.6Saibabaisseenspeaking
    aboutthekashmiripeoples'struggleforfreedomofKashmirandgave
    assurancethatRDFisnotonlysupportingthemovementbuttakes
    activepartandtheir mainconcernis toliberatetheKashmirfrom
    IndiaandfurtherhestatedthatthestruggleforliberationofKashmir
    andliberationofRDFarethesame.
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    869] In the videoclip having path Exh.3/films/s1/RDF /


    2/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1,accusedno.6Saibabawasseenondiasand
    accused no.4 PrashantRahiwassittingintheaudience whereone
    ladywasshoutingslogansdemandingreturnofArmyfromKashmir
    and for liberation of Kasmir and accused no.4 Prashant Rahi is
    respondingtotheslogans.

    870] Aphotographatpageno.36ofExh.267takenoutfrom
    the harddisc Exh.3 seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba having path Exh.3/new folder (2)/all metters I/photos/
    11.5.07, is aposterinwhichitiswrittenthatFreefor Kashmir,
    Nagalim,Manipur,Assam,Eelum,Palestine.

    871] Accordingtodefencethereisnothingonrecordtoshow
    that the CPI (Maoist) and its frontal orgainzation RDF is banned.
    However, the Apex Court in the case of Redaul Husain Khan v.
    National Investigation Agency reported in 2010(1) SCC 521
    whereinitisheldthatmerelybecauseanorganizationhasnotbeen
    declared as an unlawful association it cannot be said that said
    organization could not have indulged in terrorist activities. Hence,
    nondeclaration of organization as banned does not fatal to the
    prosecution.

    872] Fromtheabovetextdocuments,videoclips,photographs
    andArts.139to141seizedfrompossessionofaccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirrkiandtheprincipleunderlinedundertheoffenceofconspiracy
    accused nos.1 to 6 have committed offence punishable u/s 13 of
    UAPA read with 120B IPC as accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.6
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    Saibaba found showing their disaffection towards Government of


    IndiaandStateofMaharashtra.

    ArgumentofAdvocateShriGadlingfortheaccusedonSection18
    ofUAPA
    873] The learned Advocate Shri Gadling for the accused
    submitted that even assuming for the sake of argument that some
    speeches made by accused persons but in pursuance of the said
    speechesnoovertactwasdoneandthesaidspeecheswerenotmade
    with intention to create disorder or incite the people for violence.
    Hence,provisionsofSection18and20ofUAPAarenotapplicablein
    thiscase.Insupportofhissubmissionheplacedrelianceinthecase
    of BalwantSinghvs.StateofPunjabreportedin(1995)3SCC
    214,whereinitisheldthat
    A.PenalCode,1860Ss.124Aand153A
    ApplicabilityRaisingofcertaincasualslogansby
    twoindividualsacoupleoftimeswithoutanyother
    overt act and without any intention to create
    disorderortoincitepeopletoviolencePeoplein
    general not affected by such slogans and they
    carried on with their normal activities Held, in
    facts and circumstances of the case, Ss.124A or
    153Anotattracted.

    874] HefurtherplacedrelianceinthecaseofStateofBiharvs.
    Smt.ShailabalareportedinAIR1952SC329 whereinitisheld
    that
    Aleaflet,entitledSangramorstruggle,was
    written in highflown Bengali prose with a large
    mixtureofpoeticexpressionsborrowedatrandom
    from the writings of some wellknown poets of
    Bengal.Theobjectofthewritingasfarascouldbe
    gathered from the leaflet was to give a poetic or
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    idealisticpictureofwhatismeantandconnotated
    by 'struggle' or revolution. The aim and end of
    'struggle',asstatedintheleaflet,wastowipeout
    oppression,injusticeorwrongwhichispervading
    allovertheworldfromthepasttothefuture,andit
    wasonlyafterallwrongs,injusticeandoppression
    haveperishedthatanewworldwouldbebuiltup.
    Held that in the absence of any evidence
    whatsoever for connecting the leaflet with any
    agitationormovementatthetimeitwaswrittenin
    thelocalityandinthefaceofthefailureoftheState
    Government to prove the attendant circumstances
    and the actual background of the publication it
    could not be held that the leaflet fell within the
    mischief of S.4(1)(a) and that no security order
    could be passed against the keeper of the press
    underthatSection.

    875] Now it is necessary tosee whetherthe prosecution has


    provedthecaseagainstaccusedfortheoffencepunishableu/s18of
    UAPA.Section18ofUAPAisreproducedasunder:

    876] Sec.18.
    Punishment for conspiracy, etc. Whoever
    conspires or attempts to commit, or advocates, abets, advises or
    incites,directsorknowinglyfacilitatesthecommissionof,aterrorist
    actoranyactpreparatorytothecommissionofa terroristact,shall
    bepunishablewithimprisonmentforatermwhichshallnotbeless
    thanfiveyearsbutwhichmayextendtoimprisonmentforlife,and
    shallalsobeliabletofine.

    877] The learned Advocate Shri Gadling for the accused has
    relied on the judgment of Balwant Singh vs. State of Punjab
    reported in (1995) 3 SCC 214, wherein the Apex Court while
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    dealingwithSection124AoftheIndianPenalCodehasobservedthat
    thecasualsloganbyindividualswithoutanyintentiontocommitthe
    crimeorviolentactivitieswouldnotentailpenalconsequencesu/s
    124A of IPC. So far as applicability of the ratio laid down by
    Honourable Apex Court in the Balwant's case (cited supra) to the
    presentcaseisconcerned,itwouldbepropertointerpretArticle19of
    theConstitutionofIndiainitscorrectperspective.Itmustbenoted
    thatArticle19oftheConstitutionofIndiaprovidesRighttoFreedom
    ofSpeechandExpressionandtoformassociationtoonlycitizensof
    India and to the Members of registered Political Parties. It is
    important to note that the preamble and object of Prevention of
    Unlawful(Activities)Act,1967istoputreasonablerestrictionsonthe
    'RighttoFreedomofSpeechandExpression'andtoformassociation
    and organisation on the terrorist acts and that is why the Central
    GovernmenthasenlistedCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationlike
    RDF as terrorist organisation w.e.f.22.6.2009. Ifright offreedom
    guaranteedunderArticle19oftheConstitutionofIndiaisallowedto
    beextendedtotheseterroristorganisationsthenitwoulddefeatthe
    veryobjectofPreventionofUnlawful(Activities)Act,1967.Hence,
    accused nos.1 to 6 who are involved in the terrorist activities
    perpetrated by banned organisation CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organisation RDF can not claim right to freedom of speech and
    expression and to form association under Article 19 of the
    ConstitutionofIndia,whichisavailabletoordinarycitizenofIndiaor
    members of registered political parties and not to the members of
    terrorists organization and they cannot claim the said right in the
    capacityofterroristsorganization.
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    878] Atthisstageitisnecessarytoconsidertheratiolaiddown
    inthejudgmentofAsitKumarSenGuptavStateofChhattisgarh
    in2012,Cri.L.J.(NOC)384(Chh):MANU/CG/0622/2011wherein
    itisobservedthat

    Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act ( 37 of


    1967),Ss.18,39(2)ChargeofSeditionProof
    Accused foundexcitingandencouragingpeopleto
    wage war against the Government by armed
    rebellion Loads of naxal literature seized from
    possession of accused Accused used to invite
    people to join CPI (ML) People War and CPI
    (Maoist)organizationsConvictionofaccusedfor
    offenceschargedproper.

    879] ThefactsofthecasearethattheaccusedAsitKumarSen
    Guptaisappellantandwaschargedfortheoffencespunishableunder
    SectionunderSection124AoftheIPC;underSections8(1),8(3)&
    8(5)oftheChhattisgarhVishesh JansurakshaAdhiniyam,2005(for
    shorttheActof2005)andunderSection18&39(2)oftheUnlawful
    Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (for short the Act of 1967) as
    amendedbytheActof2004.

    880] Theallegationsagainsttheappellantwasthatheusedto
    Theappellantusedtovisitthepeopleandusedtoinciteandprovoke
    them to join Communist Party of India (Maoist) to bring a
    GovernmentheadedbyMaoistbythrowingoutthepresentcapitalist
    Government by armed rebellion. He used to brief them about the
    naxalactivitieswhileopposingtheGovernmentestablishedbylaw.
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    881] The appellant was livingin tenant premisesandduring


    investigationthehouseoftheappellantwassearchedandfromhis
    house extensive naxal literature in the form of letters written by
    members of banned organization to their Comrades starting with
    wordsRedSalute,minutesofmeeting,pointsofdebateinmeeting,
    letters by the General Secretary to its comrades, louding of
    Terrorist/Naxal/Maoist activities in India, the ultimate goal of
    maoist/NaxalofwrestingpowersofrevolutionarymeansinIndia,the
    ultimate goal of maoist/Naxal of wresting powers of revolutionary
    meansinIndiawereseized. FurthercomputerandCPUwerealso
    seizedfromthehousesearchoftheappellantandsaidcomputerand
    CPU were sent to Forensic Laboratory, Hyderabad. From the said
    computer and CPU belonging to appellant Forensic Laboratory,
    Hyderabadretrieveddataandtranscriptwasavailableforthis. Itis
    necessarytoreproduceparano.56and57ofthisjudgment:
    56. InVolumeIIIofthepaperbookswhichhave
    beenpreparedfromthematerialstoredintheCPU
    ofthecomputerbelongingtotheappellant,minutes
    of special conference of CPI (ML) Peoples War is
    available. The document contains views of the
    delegatesandformationofnewCentralCommittee.
    ItspeaksofmilitarystrategyorpathoftheIndian
    Revolutionwhichisthepathofprotractedpeoples
    war i.e. liberating the countryside first through
    areawise seizure of power, establishing guerrilla
    zonesandbaseareasandthenencirclingthecities
    andfinallycapturingpowerthroughoutthecountry.
    ThedocumentfurtherdeclaresItshouldbepointed
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    731 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    out that destruction of the enemy is the primary


    object of war and selfpreservation the secondary,
    because only by destroying the enemy in large
    numbers can one effectively preserve oneself.
    Thereforeattack,thechiefmeansofdestroyingthe
    enemy, is primary,while defence,asupplementary
    meansofdestroyingtheenemyandameansofself
    preservation, is secondary. In actual warfare the
    chiefroleisplayedbydefencemuchofthetimeand
    byattackfortherestofthetime,butifwaristaken
    asawhole,attackremainsprimary.Thisdocument
    isatpage706ofVolumeIIIofthepaperbooks.At
    page716,listofmartyrsofthepeopleswarofNepal
    is provided. Elsewhere in the volume, support
    provided by the CPI (ML) Peoples War and MCC
    fromIndiahasbeengreetedbythebannedNepali
    Maoist.
    57.VolumeVofthepaperbooksistranscriptofthe
    materialbytheCentralForensicLaboratorystoredin
    theCPUfoundfromthepossessionoftheappellant
    which contains the documents regarding building
    anddevelopmentofPeoplesGuerillaArmyinIndia
    atpage 1102.ThepressreleaseissuedbytheCPI
    (Maoist) on 4122004 is available at page 1138.
    This press release has been issued by Ganapati,
    GeneralSecretary,CentralCommittee(Provisional)
    ofCPI(Maoist).ThenameofthisGanapatiisfound
    in two other letters which this Court has already
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    discussedintheprecedingpartofthisjudgment.At
    page 1141 of Volume V of the paper books, the
    details of meeting of the Joint Central Committee
    heldinSeptember,2004isprovidedandthepoints
    of differences for the debate in the forth coming
    CongressoftheCPI(Maoist)havebeenhighlighted.
    Thisdocumentisdated10102005.Elsewherealso,
    theactivities,minutes,pointsofdebateetc.ofthe
    meetingofCPI(Maoist),aterroristorganizationas
    also a banned organization are contained in this
    volume.Inmostofthedocuments,therevolutionary
    pathundertakenbytheMaoistwhicharepopularly
    known as Naxalites waging Guerrilla war in the
    interior forest areas of the State has been
    appreciated and louded. The appellant claims
    himselftobeawriterandhasalsopublishedabook
    namely'AWorldtoWin',theonlyissueofwhichwas
    published probably in the year 2006, though the
    entirebookisconspicuouslysilentastothedateof
    publication or the date of printing etc. Neither
    before nor after this issue, any other issue of the
    magazinehaseverseenthelightofthedayandthis
    fact is candidly admitted by the appellant in his
    examination.

    882] Inviewofaboveevidenceavailableonrecord,Honourable
    HighCourtofChhatisgarhupheldtheconvictionoftheappellantfor
    theoffencepunishableunderSectionpunishableunderSections8(1),
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    8(3)&8(5)oftheTADAof2005andSections18and39(2)ofthe
    UAPAof1967.

    883] Thefactsofthpresentcaseisthatfromthepossessionof
    accusedno.1MAHESHTirkinaxalpamphletsArts.139to141were
    seized, from the possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra 16 GB
    memory card containing incriminating text documents Arts.A17 to
    A21 and Kodak camera alongwith charger alongwtih other articles
    were seized under panchanamaExh.137. Fromthe possession of
    accused no.4 Prashant Rahi eight pages relating to naxal activities
    wereseizedunderpanchanamaExh.179. Fromthehousesearchof
    accusedno.6SaibabaextensiveelectronicgadgetsArts.1to41CDs,
    DVDs, pendrives, harddiscs containing incriminating data in the
    form of text, videoclips and photographs were seized under
    panchanama Exh.165. The seized electronic gadgets were sent to
    CFSL,Mumbai. TheCFSl,Mumbairetrievedthedatacontainedin
    above electronic gadgets and the transcripts in respect of data
    contained16GBmemorycardarefiledonrecordatArts.A17toA21
    alongwithCFSLreportExh.266andtranscriptsinrespectofelectronic
    data Arts.1 to 41 CDs, DVDs, pendrives, harddiscs and the
    transcriptsinrespectofdatacontainedinelectronicdataArts.1to41
    CDs,DVDs,pendrives,harddiscsarefiledonrecordatPagenos.1to
    247alongwithCFSLreportExh.267.

    884] In order to see whether the ingredients of the offence


    punishableunderSection18ofUAPAareestablished,itisnecessary
    to scrutinize the documents seized from the possession of accused
    no.1 Mahesh Tirki i.e. naxal pamphlets (Art. 139 to 141), text
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    documents Arts.A17 to A21 retrieved from 16 GB memorycard of


    Sandisk company seized from the personal search of accused no.3
    Hem Mishra and documents, photographs,videoclipsfoundinthe
    electronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)atPagenos.1to247andArts.147to
    164ofExh.267seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    broughtonrecordbytheprosecution.
    i] Art.139 is a pamphlet issued by Bhakapa
    (Maowadi),(GadchiroliDivision)makingallegations
    against the decision ofthe Government todestroy
    the life of Aadiwasis and shows that there was
    opposetotheGovernmentpoliciesimplementedin
    the Gadchiroli district i.e. implementation of
    SurjagadProjectandGreenHuntOperationshowing
    hatredtowardstheGovernment.

    ii] Art.140isapamphletissuedbyBhumkal
    JoharTeDandakaryanyaSpecialZonalCommittee,
    Bhakapa(Maowadi),titledas,AmarShahidirkuLal
    Salam

    885] Furtherfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3HemMishra
    16 GB memory card of Sandisk company and Kodak camera
    alongwithchargerwasfound.Thedocumentsretrievedfromthe16
    GBmemorycardareasunder:

    886] AdocumentatArt.A19retrievedfromthe16GBmemory
    cardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3
    Hem Mishra is a letter addressed to Dear friends Red Salute by
    Sahyadri State Committee of Maharashtra CPI (Maoist) titled as
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    Oppose the Government's ongoing war against the people of


    Garhchirolidistrict. Inthesaiddocumentdetailhistoryalongwith
    dateandtimeregardingkillingofaround17naxalsinencounterby
    Gadchirolipoliceisgivenasunder

    1] On 4.4.2013 five maoists were killed near


    Batparvillage.

    2] On20.1.2013policekilledsixmaoistsnamely
    ShankarLakda,amemberofDivisionalCommittee,
    MohanKowase,Acm, Vinod Kodape Acm, Geeta
    Usendi,PlatoonDeputy Commander, Juru
    MattamiandRajuGavdeatGovindgaonvillage.

    3] On 12.4.2013 at village Sindesur police


    encircledandindiscriminatelyfiredonajansabha
    (publicmeeting)killing6people namelySukhdev,
    Varlu Gave and Kalidas Duru Hidko and Comrade
    KailashamemberofTippagarhareacommitteewas
    killedwhenhecamedowntosavethepeople.

    887] Furtheraround35incidentsofbeatingofnaxals/members
    ofCPI(Maoist)atthehandsofGadchirolipolicearegiven. Inthe
    saiddocumentitisfurthermentionedthataround10000policestaff
    alongwith modern weapons like AK47, LMG, SLR are equipped,
    however, the PLGA on the other hand having old weapons like
    Bharmarandaxe.Inthesaidletterappealwasmadetofightagainst
    paramilitaryforces,commandoforcestostopGreenHuntOperation
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    launchedbytheGovernment.Lastly,inthesaiddocumentitisstated
    thatmassmovementand armedstrugglebothareequallyimportant
    andarenecessaryfortherevolution.

    888] AdocumentatPagenos.119ofExh.267isaaninterview
    ofaccusedno.6SaibabaunderthetitleasMaoiststrategyinIndia
    andfromthesaiddocumentitisclearthataccusedno.6Saibabais
    thedeputysecretaryoftheRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF),a
    frontalorganisationofRDF,anallIndianFederationofrevolutionary
    organizations and in the said interview, accused no.6 Saibaba
    narratedthestrategyofMaoistinIndiainwhichhestatedthatitisa
    vastmovementincludesthedevelopedareas.Accusedno.6Saibaba
    further stated that the Maoists are creatively implementing the
    Marxist principles to the concrete conditions of India and without
    armedstrugglenoresistancecanbebuiltincountrieslikeIndiaand
    theresistancethathasbeenbuiltupinthepreviousyearscannotbe
    retained and the armedactionsagainstthestateforcesandfeudal
    forcesarecarriedouttoprotectthemovement.Fromthisdocument
    itrevealsthataccusedno.6SaibababeingDeputySecretaryofRDF
    statedaboutthestrategyofCPI(Maoist)aboutarmedstrugglewhich
    showstheincitementtothepeopleagainsttheGovernmentofIndia.

    889] The document Art.147 having path Exh23/ALLL


    /Accommodationissues/Letters/lettertoSaibaba writtenbyone
    SurendraMohantoaccusedno.6Saibabainwhichitismentioned
    that he cannot be part of the CPI (Maoist) program, as he never
    subscribedtoviolentresistance.
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    a] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/ VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2 it is seen that armed
    naxalsareseencomingforgatheringforfunctionin
    jungleandgreetingeachotherandmanyredbanners
    areseenandononebannernameofcomradeJanki
    (Anuradha Gandhi) Amar Rahe isseen and further
    thegatheredarmednaxalsandotherpeoplesshouted
    theslogansasBharatkiCommunistPartyMaowadi
    Zindabad,Bharat ki Nav Janwadi Kranti Zindabad
    andthe videoofkillingofpolicepersonsbyarmed
    naxalsisseen.

    b] In videoclip having path Exh.8/


    (1)MATI_KELAAL/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3 itisseen
    that armed naxals are seen taking training and
    exercising in jungle and background sound of CPI
    (Maoist) party spokesperson Aazad played and he
    states about the CPI (Maoist) armed strength and
    theirtacticsandfurthertheinterviewsofonenaxal
    about the Kudru ambush and CPI (Maoist)
    promotionalvideoisseenhowtheambushonpolice
    partyisexecuted.
    g] In the videoclip having path
    Exh.3/films/S1/RDF/1/video_TS,VTS_01_1 itis
    clear that accusedno.6Saibabaisseen takingpart
    andothersaresingingsongondeathofShankarand
    singing slogans Lal Salam Lal Salam. Slogan Lal
    Salam is used by naxals and members of banned
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    organisationRDFandhenceitisclearthataccused
    no.6 is a member of banned organisation CPI
    (Maoist) and its frontal organisation RDF and
    incitingthepeoplewithslogansLalSalamLalSalam.
    h] In videoclip having path
    Exh.3/films/s1 /RDF/1/VIDEO_ TS/VTS_01_1, it
    isseenthatsomegentsandladiesraisedtheslogans
    as Shahidonko Lal Salam, Navjanwadi Kranti
    Zindabad,EkHiRastaEkHiRastaNaxalbariEkHi
    Rasta.ThesloganNaxalbariEkHiRastaraisedin
    thisvideoisresolvedasasloganofRDFinArt.157
    titledasJointMeetingofAIPRFandSFPRwritten
    by Rajkishore Secretary of Adhoc Executive
    CommitteeRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF)on
    20thMay2005.

    i] In videoclip having path


    Exh.3/films/s1 /RDF/2/VIDEO _TS /VTS_01_1, it
    is clearthat accusedno.6Saibabaisseen speaking
    abouttheKashmiripeoplesstruggleforfreedomand
    gaveassurancethatRDFisnotonlysupportingthe
    movement but takes active part and their main
    concern is to liberate the Kashmir and further
    accused no.6 Saibaba have stated that the struggle
    forliberationofKashmirandourliberationarethe
    same.
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    890] On viewing above videoclips it is clear that the armed


    naxalsofCPI(Maoist)wereparticipatinginsingingthesongswhile
    dancingandsomeofthemwerearmedwithgunsalongwithbanners
    ofRDF,afrontalorganizationofCPI(Maoist)intheirhandsandthey
    wereattendingthemeetingsandfoundaddressingpeopletojointhe
    organizationandwereincitingthepublicatlargetowagewaragainst
    theGovernmentestablishedbylawthroughthepathofRDF.

    891] As discussed above the facts of the Asit Kumar Sen


    Gupta v State of Chhattisgarh reported in MANU/ CG/
    0622/2011 andpresentcaseareidentical. Forsakeofconvenience
    thesimilarityinAsit'scaseandpresentcaseisreproducedintabular
    formasunder:

    FactsinAsit'scase Factsinthepresentcase
    Inthecasetheappellantwasfound In the present case the electronic
    in possession of CPU containing gadgetsi.e.16GBmemorycardof
    incriminatingelectronicdataandit Sandisk company seized from
    wassentforforensicexaminationto possession of accused no.3 Hem
    CFL, Hyderabad and the transcript MishraandArts.1to41CDs,DVDs,
    of the materials stored in the CPU pendrives, harddiscs were seized
    wasavailableonrecord. from the house search of accused
    no.6 Saibaba were sent to CFSL,
    Mumbai and the transcript of the
    materialthereinarefiledonrecord
    atExhs.266and267andatArt.147
    to264.

    InthiscaseCourtfoundthatthere InthepresentcasefromArt.A19of
    was enough evidence against the Exh.266andPageno.19ofExh.267
    appellant about exciting and it is clear that the word armed
    encouraging ( [kwuh dzkafr @ l'kL= rebellionwasresortedtothrowout
    dzkarh)i.e.armedrebellion. the Government power and
    machinery.

    The appellant wasfound tobe the In this case there is sufficient


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    memberofbannedorganisationCPI evidence against the accused that


    (Maoist) as envisaged u/s 35 of they are members of banned
    UAPA. organisation CPI (Maoist) and its
    frontal organisation RDF as
    envisagedu/s35ofUAPA.

    In the case documents relating to In this case also the letters


    naxal leaders/activist exhorting (Arts.A17, Art.A19, A.A21 of
    violenceandrevolution againstthe Exh.266) and documents (Page
    Government established by law by nos.1,184ofExh.267)relatingto
    meansofarmedrebellionwrittenby leaders/activists of CPI (Maoist)
    'redsalute'werefound. and RDF exhorting violence and
    revolutionagainsttheGovernment
    established by law by means of
    'armed struggle' written and
    receivedby'redsalute'.

    892] Hence, finding of the document at Art.A19 of Exh.266


    found in 16 GB memorycard in possession of accused no.3 Hem
    Mishra regarding the revolutionary movement against the
    Government through Armedstruggleandfindingofincriminating
    documentscreatingviolenceinpublicplace andemailreceivedby
    accusedno.6SaibabafromSurendraMohan(Art.147)containedin
    Exh. 267 and videoclips found in the harddiscs seized from the
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba showing the rejection of
    parliamentarydemocracy,findingofthreenaxalpamphlets(Arts.139
    to141)foundinpossessionofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandfinding
    of eight papers of naxal maoist literature alongwith typed written
    papersofundertrialmaoistleaderNarayanSanyalatArt.130Ashows
    thatthereisincitementtothepeopleforresortingviolenceandto
    createpublicdisorder.
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    Naxalskillspolicepersonnels,innocentpersonsonsuspicionof
    policeinformerandcauseloss,damagetopublicproperty.

    893] In Asit Kumar Sen Gupta v State of Chhattisgarh


    reportedin MANU/CG/0622/2011 inpara63and64andtheyare
    reproducedasunder:

    The sympathizers of Naxal/Maoists violence are


    providingassistancewhichultimatelystrengthensand
    promotesviolencewhereinpublicpropertyisdestroyed
    and innocent citizens are killed. True it is that the
    desireddevelopmentalactivityhasnottakenplacein
    tribalareas,butatthesametimewhereveranylarge
    projectiscontemplatedbytheCentralGovernmentor
    theProvincialGovernment,itisattackedbythegroups
    on the ground that it will finish the identity and
    cultureoftribalsoritwillhavetheeffectofcausing
    harmtofloraandfaunaoftheareaandatthesame
    time, the Government established by law through
    democratic means at both levels are being criticized
    thatnodevelopmentistakingplaceintribalornaxal
    affected areas. It is common knowledge that the
    Naxalitesarenotallowingtheroadsandbridgestobe
    builtinremoteareasprobablywithadesignthatit
    will help in movement of security forces. Even if
    presentisacriminalappeal,yetwhiletestingvalidity
    oftheappellantsconviction,considerationhastobein
    theprevailingconditionandcontextandnotmerelyin
    abstractterms.
    Theevidenceavailableonrecordclearlysuggest
    that the appellant was a member of CPI (Maoist)
    and/orCPI(ML)PeoplesWarandthatiswhyhewas
    in possession of minutes of the meetings, debates,
    letterswrittenbytheGeneralSecretaryetc.andwas
    invitingthewitnessestojointhesaidorganizationand
    wasalsoincitingthemtowagearmedrebellionagainst
    the Government established by law. Such act of the
    appellantisclearlypunishableunderSections8(1),
    8(3)&8(5)oftheActof2005andSections18and39
    (2)oftheActof1967.
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    894] Inthepresentcasefromthepossessionofaccusedno.1
    Mahesh Tirki, naxal pamphlet at Art.139 was seized in which the
    referenceofSurjagadProjectwasmentionedinthedeepforestarea.
    Thesaidprojectislocatedinforestareaandnaxalsareopposingthe
    developmentinthatareabecausemovementofsecurityforceswill
    startthereandthisisalsoevidentfromArticle139.Further,recently
    on 23.12.2016 FIR was lodged at Etapalli Police Station at crime
    no.35/2016againsttheabscondingnaxals,thecopyofwhichisfiled
    onrecordalongwiththelistofdocument(Exh.472)atSr.no.3andin
    that incident the naxals burnt seventysix trucks at village Hedri
    which were deployed for carrying stones (iron material) for the
    implementationofthesaidprojectandprotestwasmadetoprevent
    theGovernmentfrommakingimplementationofthatprojectandthis
    isprobablybecauseofactivitiesofnaxals.Iftheprojectwasstarted
    thenthatwouldhelpinmovementofsecurityforcesinthatGreen
    HuntProjectandtheexistenceofnaxalswouldbeindanger.

    895] Furtherinthedocumentatpageno.175ofExh.267found
    in the harddiscs seized from the house search of accused no.6
    SaibabashowsthattherewasprotestforTheRaoghatRailwayLine
    and the Mining Project which would derail the very existence of
    BastariyaPeopleandpeopleofBastaropposingtheprojectbecause
    ofdestroyofforestagainstindustrialization.Theevidenceavailable
    on record shows that the accused nos.1 to 6 are the members of
    banned organizationCPI (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF
    and they are supporting the ideology of naxals. This shows that
    conspiracyinbetweenaccusednos.1to6isstillcontinued.
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    896] Fromtheconfessionalstatementsofaccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirkiandaccusedno.2PanduNaroteatExhs.280and286itisclear
    thatthearmednaxalsusedtocometotheirvillageinnaxaluniform
    andthenaxalstoldthemtobringRadio,Torch,Polythenebagfrom
    marketandtheyusedtopurchasethearticlesfromtheshopandused
    toprovidethesametonaxal.Theyfurtherstatedthattheyhadbeen
    to meet under ground lady naxal at Korgatta where they saw
    Narmadakkaandother15to20naxlitesarmedwithgunsandatthe
    instanceofladynaxalNarmadakkatwotothreetimestheyhadbeen
    to Ballarsha railwaystation to receive the members of banned
    organizationandbroughtthemtoforestareaofGadchirolidistrictto
    meettheundergroundnaxals.

    897] AdocumentatArt.A19retrievedfromthe16GBmemory
    cardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3
    Hem Mishra is a letter addressed to Dear friends Red Salute by
    Sahyadri State Committee of Maharashtra CPI (Maoist) titled as
    OpposetheGovernment'songoingwaragainstthepeopleof

    Garhchirolidistrict. Inthesaiddocumentdetailhistoryalongwith
    dateandtimeregardingkillingofaround17naxalsinencounterby
    Gadchirolipoliceisgivenasunder:

    1] On 4.4.2013 five maoists were killed near


    Batparvillage.

    2] On20.1.2013policekilledsixmaoistsnamely
    ShankarLakda,amemberofDivisionalCommittee,
    MohanKowase,Acm, Vinod Kodape Acm,Geeta
    Usendi,PlatoonDeputyCommander, JuruMattami
    andRajuGavdeatGovindgaonvillage.
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    3] On 12.4.2013 at village Sindesur police


    encircled and indiscrimately fired on a jan sabha
    (public meeting) killing 6 people namely Sukhdev,
    VarluGaveandKalidasDuru Hidko and
    Comrade Kailash a member of Tippagarh area
    committee waskilledwhenhecamedowntosave
    thepeople.

    898] Furtheraround35incidentsofbeatingofnaxals/members
    ofCPI(Maoist)atthehandsofGadchirolipolicearegiven. Inthe
    saiddocumentitisfurthermentionedthataround10000policestaff
    alongwith modern weapons like AK47, LMG, SLR are equipped,
    however, the PLGA on the other hand having old weapons like
    Bharmarandaxe.Inthesaidletterappealwasmadetofightagainst
    paramilitaryforces,commandoforcestostopGreenHuntOperation
    launchedbytheGovernment.Lastly,inthesaiddocumentitisstated
    thatmassmovementand armedstrugglebothareequallyimportant
    andarenecessaryfortherevolution.

    899] Fromthisletteritcanbeinferredthattheincitementwere
    giventotheComradesofCPI(Maoist)toresisttheactionofpoliceby
    armedstruggle. Thisshowsthatwhatevertheincidentwhichtook
    placeinGadchirolidistrictaftertheamendmentof31.12.2008the
    membersofCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDFandnaxals
    areresponsibleforthesame.

    900] Further the slogan of RDF is Naxalbari Ek Hi Rasta


    which is reflected in the document which is a draft manifesto at
    Art.159 retrieved from the harddisc seized from house search of
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    accused no.6 Saibaba having path ex.4/31.12.12/RDFConference

    material/DRAFTMANIFESTOOFRDFamendedbyconference
    titled as Draft Manifesto of Revolutionary Democratic Front
    (RDF)andfurtherinthisdocumentitismentionedthattheRDF
    upholdsthepathof Naxalbari i.e.thepathofAndhra,Jharkhand,
    BiharandDandakaranya.

    901] Thedocumentatpageno.183ofExh.267retrievedfrom
    theharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    havingpathEx4/cy47513Ex4/c/onAzadisaPressstatementof
    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)CentralCommitteeNorthRegional
    Bureau. ItisabouttheredsalutestoMartyrscom.Azadandcom.
    Hem Pandey and suggested to take revenge for the killings of the
    comrades by the khaki clad (i.e. Police) fascist gangs of AP
    Government and allegations are made against the Andhra Pradesh
    Governmentaboutkillingofthosecomrades.Fromthisstatementit
    isclearthatoneAjaySpokespersonofCPI(Maoist)hadwrittenthis
    pressstatementshowingtheviolenceagainstpolice.

    902] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE LAAL/


    VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2 itisseenthatarmednaxalsareseencoming
    forgatheringforfunctioninjungleandgreetingeachotherandmany
    red banners are seen andon one banner name ofcomrade Janki
    (Anuradha Gandhi) Amar Rahe is seen and further the gathered
    armed naxals and other peoples shouted the slogans asBharat ki
    Communist Party MaowadiZindabad,Bharat kiNavJanwadiKranti
    Zindabadandthevideoofkillingofpolicepersonsbyarmednaxals
    isseen.
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    903] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE LAAL/


    VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3 it is seen that armed naxals are seen taking
    training of firing in jungle and background sound of CPI (Maoist)
    party spokesperson Aazad played and he states about the CPI
    (Maoist)armedstrengthandtheirtacticsandfurthertheinterviews
    ofonenaxalabouttheKudruambushandCPI(Maoist)promotional
    videoisseenhowtheambushonpolicepartyisexecuted.

    904] Fromtheabovediscussiontheaccusedno.1MaheshTirki
    accused no.3 Hem no.6 Saibaba possessed naxal literature for the
    purpose of circulating it to the underground naxals at Gadchiroli
    districtandpeopleofGadchirolidistrictwithintentiontoincitethe
    people to resort violence or cause public disorder and their acts
    clearly falls within the ambit of Section 18 of UAPA. As already
    observed in earlier part of the judgment that accused nos.1 to 6
    hatchedconspiracy,theobjectwastowagewaragainstGovernment
    byarmedrebellionandinviewofobservationofSupremeCourtin
    case of Yash Pal Mittal v. State of Punjab, AIR 1977 Supreme
    Court 2433, accused nos.2 Pandu Narote, no.4 Prashant Rahi and
    Vijay Tirkiare alsoresponsible fortheunlawfulactivities. Hence
    prosecution has proved that the accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki, no.2
    PanduNarote,no.3HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahiandno.5Vijay
    TirkiareguiltyfortheoffencepunishableunderSection18ofUAPA
    r/wSection120BofIPC.

    ArgumentofAdvocateShriGadlingfortheaccusedonSec.20of
    UAPA
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    905] ThelearnedAdvocateShriGadlingforaccusedsubmitted
    thatfortheapplicationofSection20ofUAPAitisnotsufficientthat
    organisationistobedeclaredasTerroristOrganisationbutithasto
    beprovedbytheprosecutionthatthesaidorganisationisinvolvedin
    terroristact.Thereisnooralordocumentaryevidenceonrecordto
    show that the CPI (Maoist) and its frontal organisation RDF is a
    terroristorganisationandbarereadingofSection20ofUAPAreveals
    thatmeremembershipofbannedorganisationisnotsufficientunless
    thatorganisationisinvolvedinterroristactasdefinedunderSection
    15 of UAPA. He submitted that even assuming for the sake of
    argumentthataccusedareconnectedwithCPI(Maoist)organisation
    stillprosecutionhasnotadducedanyoralordocumentaryevidence
    showingthatCPI(Maoist)isinvolvedinanysortofterroristactivities.
    Thereisabsolutelynooralordocumentaryevidenceonrecordtothat
    effect.

    906] He submittedthat provisionsof UAPA,TADAandPOTA


    areinparamateriaandApexCourtintheabovecitedcaseobserved
    thatTADAActisverymuchapplicabletodecidethecaseunderUAPA.
    In support of his submission he placed reliance on the case of
    KalpnathRaivs.Statereportedin(1997)8SupremeCourtCases
    732whereinitisobservedthat

    A.TerroristandDisruptiveActivities(Prevention)
    Act,1987S.3(5)(asinsertedbyAct43of1993),S.
    3(1),(2)and(3)EssentialrequirementsofS.3(5)
    Expression terrorist act in S.3(5) Meaning of
    Held, includes conspiracy to commit terrorist act or
    abetment, incitement, etc. of such acts Acts
    enumeratedinsubsection(3)cannotbedelinkedfrom
    thosespecifiedinsubsection(1)Inabsenceofany
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    evidencetoshowthatterroristgangofwhichaccused
    were members committed any terrorist act after
    commencementofamendedAct43of1993conviction
    cannotbesustained.

    There are two postulates in subsection (5).


    Firstisthattheaccusedshouldhavebeenamemberof
    a terrorists gang of 'terrorists' organisation after
    23.5.1993. Second is that the said gang or
    organization should have been involved in terrorist
    actssubsequentto23.5.1993. Unlessbothpostulates
    existtogetherSection3(5)cannotbeusedagainstany
    person.

    It would be illogical to delink the acts


    enumeratedinsubsection(3)fromthosespecifiedin
    subsection(1)forthepurposeofunderstandingthe
    meaningofterroristactindicatedinSection3(5).

    907] Hesubmittedthatevenassumingforthesakeofargument
    recoveryofallegedliteratureaboutRDForganizationwhichisalleged
    tobefrontalorganizationofCPI(Maoist)andactivitiesofaccused
    no.6 Saibaba and accused no.3 Hem Mishra is proved and even
    assuming that they are the members of banned organization that
    would not invite any penal consequences. In support of his
    submissionhefurtherplacedrelianceonthefollowingjudgments:

    [i] ArupBhuyanv.StateofAssamreported
    in(2011)3SCC377whereinitisobservedthat

    A]ConstitutionofIndiaArts.19(1)(c)&(a)
    and21 Righttoformassociationsandfreedomof
    expression Scope of Membership of
    banned/terroristorganisationInferencetherefrom
    Held,meremembershipofabannedorganisationwill
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    not make a person criminal unless he resorts or


    incitespeopletoviolenceorcreatespublicdisorder
    byviolenceorIncitementtoviolenceTerroristand
    disruptiveActivities(Prevention)Act,1987S.3(5)
    UnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967,S.10

    [ii] IndraDasv.StateofAssamreportedin
    (2011)3SCC380whereinitisobservedthat

    B] ConstitutionofIndiaArts.19(1)(c)&
    (a)and21Righttoformassociationsandfreedom
    of expression Scope of Membership of
    banned/terroristorganisationInferencetherefrom
    Reiterated, mere membership of a banned
    organisationwillnotmakeapersoncriminalunless
    he resorts or incites people to violence or creates
    publicdisorderbyviolenceorincitementtoviolence
    Hence,S.3(5),TADAandS.10,UAPAread

    C] Terrorist and Disruptive Activities


    (Prevention) Act, 1987 S.3(5) Membership of
    banned/terrorist organisation Inference Even
    assuming gthat appellant was a member of ULFA,
    whichisbannedorganisation,thereisnoevidenceto
    showthatheindulgedinanyoftheabovementioned
    actsorwasanactivememberoftheorganisation
    Hence, his conviction under S.3(5) unsustainable
    Activities(Prevention)Act,1967,Ss.10

    [iii] State of Keralav.Raneef reportedin


    (2011)1SCC784whereinitisobservedthat
    A] Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act,
    1967 Ss. 10, 3 and 13 Membership of alleged
    illegalorganisation(notyetdeclaredunlawfulunder
    S.3norotherwisefoundtobeso)Effectof

    [B] Jyoti Babasaheb Chorge v State of


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    Maharashtra, reported in 2013(4) Mh.L.J. (Cri.)


    4481whereinitisheldbyBombayHighCourtthat

    (a) CriminalProcedureCode(2of1974),S.
    439andUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act(37
    of 1967), S. 38 Bail Applicant was allegedly
    found in possession of literature about banned
    organizationMaoistNobanwasimposedonsaid
    literature Nomaterialtoestablishnexusbetween
    applicants and workers of banned organization
    involvedinviolentactivitiesApplicantsnotinvolved
    inanyviolentorunlawfulactivitiesNoprimafacie
    case against applicants even in respect of offence
    punishableunderAct,1967Applicantsentitledfor
    bailApplicationallowed.(2011)3SCC377,395
    US444(1969),201(2)Mh.L.J.(Cri.)(S.C.)12,367
    US203and(2011)2SCC380,Ref.(Paras33,34,36
    and38).

    Conclusion

    908] Thefirstgroundonwhichthedefencemadesubmission
    thattheprosecutionhasnotprovedthefactthatCPI(Maoist)orits
    frontalorganisationRDFisaterroristorganisationandaccusedare
    membersofthesameandsuchorganisationisinvolvedinterroristact
    asdefinedu/s15ofUAPA.

    909] According to defence for attracting penal consequences


    underSection20ofUAPAitisnotsufficientthatorganisationistobe
    declared as Terrorist Organisation but it has to be proved by the
    prosecutionthatthesaidorganisationisinvolvedinterroristactas
    definedu/s15ofUAPA.Thereisnooralordocumentaryevidenceon
    recordtoshowthattheCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDF
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    areaterroristorganisationandbarereadingofSection20ofUAPA
    revealsthatmeremembershipofbannedorganisationisnotsufficient
    unless it is proved that organisation is involved in terrorist act as
    definedunderSection15ofUAPA.Hesubmittedthatevenassuming
    for the sake of argument that accused are connected with CPI
    (Maoist)organisationstillprosecutionhasnotadducedanyoralor
    documentaryevidenceshowingthatCPI(Maoist)andRDFisinvolved
    inanysortofterroristactivities.

    910] He submittedthat amendment toSection 15and16of


    UAPAwereeffectedintheyear2008,theprosecutionhastoprove
    thatafteramendmentintheyear2008theaccusedarethemembers
    ofbannedterroristorganisationanditisnotsufficienttoprovethat
    sometimesinpastaccusedweremembersofbannedorganisationi.e.
    beforetheamendmentintheyear2008.

    911] So far as law relating to applicability of provisions of


    Section 2(k), 15, 16 and 20 of the UAPA to the present case is
    concerned,itisnecessarytohavelookontheprovisionsofSection
    2(k),15,16and20ofUAPA.

    Section 2(k) terrorist acthasthe meaning


    assigned to it in section 15, and the expressions
    terrorism and terrorist shall be construed
    accordingly;

    Sec.15 of UAPA defined Terrorist act. (1)


    Whoever does any act with intent to threaten or
    likely to threaten the unity, integrity, security or
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    sovereigntyofIndiaorwithintenttostriketerroror
    likelytostriketerrorinthepeopleoranysectionof
    thepeopleinIndiaorinanyforeigncountry,

    (a) by using bombs, dynamite or other


    explosive substances or inflammable substances or
    firearms or other lethal weapons or poisonous or
    noxious gases or other chemicals or by any other
    substances(whetherbiologicalradioactive,nuclearor
    otherwise) of a hazardous nature or by any other
    meansofwhatevernaturetocauseorlikelytocause

    (i)deathof,orinjuriesto,anypersonor
    persons;or
    (ii)lossof,ordamageto,ordestruction
    of,property;

    TheprovisionsofSection15and16cameinto
    forcewitheffectfrom31.12.2008.Theprovisionsof
    Section 3(5) of TADA 1993 is para materia with
    Section20ofUAPA1967.

    Sec.16Punishmentforterroristact.(1)
    Whoevercommitsaterroristactshall

    (a) ifsuchacthasresultedinthedeathofany
    person,bepunishablewithdeathorimprisonment
    forlife,andshallalsobeliabletofine;

    (b) inanyothercase,bepunishablewith
    imprisonmentforatermwhichshallnotbelessthan
    fiveyearsbutwhichmayextendtoimprisonmentfor
    life,andshallalsobeliabletofine.

    Sec.20ofUAPAPunishmentforbeingmemberof
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    terroristgangororganization.Anypersonwhois
    a member of a terrorist gang or a terrorist
    organization,whichisinvolvedinterroristact,shall
    be punishable withimprisonment for aterm which
    mayextendtoimprisonmentforlife,andshallalso
    beliabletofine.
    The said amended came into force w.e.f.
    31.12.2008.ProvisionsofSection3(5)ofTADA1993
    is paramateria with Section 20 of UAPA 1967.
    Section3(5)ofTADA1993andSection20ofUAPA
    1967arereproducedasunder:

    Sec.3(5)ofTADAAnypersonwhoisamemberof
    aterroristsgangoraterroristorganisation,whichis
    involved in terrorist acts, shall be punishable with
    imprisonmentforatermwhichshallnotbelessthan
    fiveyearsbutwhichmayextendtoimprisonmentfor
    lifeandshallalsobeliabletofine.

    912] OngoingthroughtheaboveprovisionsofSection20of
    UAPA it is clear that the ingredients of Section 3(5) of TADA and
    ingredientsofSection20ofUAPAarethesame. Whileinterpreting
    Section3(5)ofTADAtheApexCourtinthecaseofKalpnathRaivs.
    Statereportedin(1997)8SupremeCourtCases732observedthat

    A. Terrorist and Disruptive Activities


    (Prevention)Act,1987S.3(5)(asinsertedbyAct
    43 of 1993), S. 3(1), (2) and (3) Essential
    requirementsofS.3(5)Expressionterroristactin
    S.3(5)MeaningofHeld,includesconspiracyto
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    committerroristactorabetment,incitement,etc.of
    such acts Acts enumerated in subsection (3)
    cannot be delinked from those specified in sub
    section(1)Inabsenceofanyevidencetoshowthat
    terrorist gang of which accused were members
    committedanyterroristactaftercommencementof
    amended Act 43 of 1993 conviction cannot be
    sustained.

    There are two postulates in subsection (5).


    Firstisthattheaccusedshouldhavebeenamember
    ofaterroristsgangof'terrorists'organisationafter
    23.5.1993. Second is that the said gang or
    organizationshouldhavebeeninvolvedinterrorist
    acts subsequent to 23.5.1993. Unless both
    postulatesexisttogetherSection3(5)cannotbeused
    againstanyperson.

    Itwouldbeillogicaltodelinktheactsenumeratedin
    subsection (3) from those specified in subsection
    (1)forthepurposeofunderstandingthemeaningof
    terroristactindicatedinSection3(5).

    913] While discussing the role of accused No.1 to 6 in the


    earlierpartofjudgmentitisfoundthataccusedNo.1to6areactive
    memberofCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDFanditis
    furtherdiscussedinearlierpartofthejudgmentthatRDFisafrontal
    organizationofCPI(Maoist).TheCentralGovernmentbynotification
    No.954,dated22.06.2009declaredCPI(Maoist)andallhisfrontal
    organizationasaterroristorganization.

    914] NowitisnecessarytoconsiderwhethertheCPI(Maoist)
    anditsfrontalorganisationRDFisresponsibleforterroristactsi.e.
    killingofinnocentpersonsonthesuspicionofpoliceinformers,police
    personnel and causing loss to public property by bomb explosion
    whichhadtakenplaceinGadchirolidistrictwhichtookplaceafter
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    amendmenttoSection15ofUAPAi.e.from31.12.2008.

    915] ItisimportanttonotethatforapplicationofSection15of
    UAPA the word, person who commits the act defined there is
    commissionofactisrequiredbythepersonascontemplatedu/s15of
    UAPAforwhichpunishmentisprovidedu/s16ofUAPA.

    916] However,u/s20ofUAPAitisnotnecessarythataperson
    should commit an offence but the person should be member of
    terroristgangororganizationwhichisinvolvedinterroristact.The
    requirement of Section 20of UAPAorganization should have been
    involvedintheterroristactandnottheperson.Inviewofjudgment
    ofApexCourtincaseofKalpnathRaivs.Statereportedin(1997)
    8SupremeCourtCases732citedsupra,fortheincidentwhichtook
    place after 31.12.2008 and if it is established that the terrorist
    organizationisinvolvedbehindthesaidincidentsandthepersonisa
    memberofsuchbannedterroristorganizationthenhewouldbeliable
    forpunishmentu/s20ofUAPA.

    917] Inordertoseewhethertheingredientsoftheoffence
    punishableunderSection20ofUAPAareestablished,itisnecessary
    to scrutinize the documents seized from the possession of accused
    no.1 Mahesh Tirki i.e. naxal pamphlets (Art. 139 to 141), text
    documents Arts.A17 to A21 retrieved from 16 GB memorycard of
    Sandisk company seized from the personal search of accused no.3
    Hem Mishra and documents,photographs,videoclipsfoundinthe
    electronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)atPagenos.1to247ofExh.267and
    Arts.147 to 164 seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba.
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    918] Fromtheconfessionalstatementsofaccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirkiandaccusedno.2PanduNaroteatExhs.280and286itisclear
    thatthearmednaxalsusedtocometotheirvillageinnaxaluniform
    andthenaxalstoldthemtobringRadio,Torch,Polythenebagfrom
    marketandtheyusedtopurchasethearticlesfromtheshopandused
    toprovidethesametonaxal.Theyfurtherstatedthattheyhadbeen
    to meet under ground lady naxal at Korgatta where they saw
    Narmadakkaandother15to20naxlitesarmedwithgunsandatthe
    instanceofladynaxalNarmadakkatwotothreetimestheyhadbeen
    to Ballarsha railwaystation to receive the members of banned
    organizationandbroughtthemtoforestareaofGadchirolidistrictto
    meettheundergroundnaxals.

    919] AdocumentatArt.A19retrievedfromthe16GBmemory
    cardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3
    Hem Mishra is a letter addressed to Dear friends Red Salute by
    Sahyadri State Committee of Maharashtra CPI (Maoist) titled as
    Oppose the Government's ongoing war against the people of
    Garhchirolidistrict. Inthesaiddocumentdetailhistoryalongwith
    dateandtimeregardingkillingofaround17naxalsinencounterby
    Gadchirolipoliceisgivenasunder:

    1] On 4.4.2013 five maoists were killed near


    Batparvillage.
    2] On20.1.2013policekilledsixmaoistsnamely
    ShankarLakda, a member of Divisional
    Committee, Mohan Kowase, Acm, Vinod
    Kodape Acm, Geeta Usendi, Platoon Deputy
    Commander,JuruMattamiandRajuGavdeat
    Govindgaonvillage.
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    3] On 12.4.2013 at village Sindesur police


    encircled and indiscrimately fired on a jan
    sabha(publicmeeting)killing6people namely
    Sukhdev,VarluGaveandKalidasDuru Hidko and
    ComradeKailashamemberof Tippagarh area
    committeewaskilledwhen he came down to save
    thepeople.

    920] Furtheraround35incidentsofbeatingofnaxals/members
    ofCPI(Maoist)atthehandsofGadchirolipolicearegiven. Inthe
    saiddocumentitisfurthermentionedthataround10000policestaff
    alongwith modern weapons like AK47, LMG, SLR are equipped,
    however, the PLGA on the other hand having old weapons like
    Bharmarandaxe.Inthesaidletterappealwasmadetofightagainst
    paramilitaryforces,commandoforcestostopGreenHuntOperation
    launched by the Government. Lastly, in the said document it is
    statedthatmassmovementandarmedstrugglebothareequally
    importantandarenecessaryfortherevolution.

    921] Fromthisletteritcanbeinferredthattheincitementwere
    giventotheComradesofCPI(Maoist)toresisttheactionofpoliceby
    armedstruggle. Thisshowsthatwhatevertheincidentwhichtook
    placeinGadchirolidistrictaftertheamendmentof31.12.2008the
    membersofCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDFandnaxals
    areresponsible.

    922] TheinfamoussloganofRDFis NaxalbariEkHiRasta


    which is reflected in the document which is a draft manifesto at
    Art.159 retrieved from the harddisc seized from house search of
    accused no.6 Saibaba having path ex.4/31.12.12/RDFConference
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    material/DRAFTMANIFESTOOFRDFamendedbyconference
    titled as Draft Manifesto of Revolutionary Democratic Front
    (RDF)andfurtherinthisdocumentitismentionedthattheRDF
    upholdsthepathof Naxalbari i.e.thepathofAndhra,Jharkhand,
    BiharandDandakaranya.

    923] A document at Page no.97 of Exh.267 titled as


    Communist Party of India (Maoist) by Gudsa Usendi,
    Spokesperson, Dandakaranya Special Zonal Committee, CPI
    (Maoist) headed by Observe Martyrs Week From July 28 to
    August3!RedHomagetoOurPartysForefoundersandBeloved
    TeachersComradesCharuMazumdarandKanhaiChatterjee!and
    further it is mentioned in the document that By virtue of these
    sacrifices, revolutionary movement has been advancing raising the
    sloganNaxalbariEkHiRasta.Fromthisdocumentitisclearthat
    theDandakaranyaSpecialZonalCommitteeofCPI(Maoist)abanned
    organisationmadeincitementtowageaagainsttheGovernmentand
    choose a way of naxal with slogan Naxalbari Ek Hi Rasta and
    opposetheschemeofGovernmenti.e.OperationGreenHunt.

    924] AdocumentatPageno.99ofExh.267titledasConceptof
    Revolutionary Mass Organizations (RMOs) reveals that no
    revolutioncanadvanceuntilandunlessthevastmassesaremobilized
    toactivelyparticipateonamassscaleinitandnotmerelystayas
    passiveobservers.Todosorequiresthattheparty,thepeople'sarmy
    andtheUFbeeffectivelyconsolidatedwhiledoingthemasswork.
    Buildingthesecretpartydeepamongstthemassesanddrawingthem
    intothearmedstruggleandantiimperialist,antifeudalUnitedFront
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    canaloneresultineffectivewieldingtheseizureofpoliticalpower.It
    further suggests that while people's war has already started in 17
    statesofIndiarevolutionarymassorganizationsmustemphasizetheir
    activitiesonstrengtheningthearmedstrugglesandbuildingarmies
    while continue their mass movements like processions,
    Demonstrations, mass meetings, Protest movements, street corner
    meetings,seminarwithintellectuals,culturalfunctionsetc.Fromthis
    documentitisclearthatCPI(Maoist)isconductingarmedstruggle
    andattemptingtocommitoffencesunderterroristact.

    925] Ininterview at pageno.119ofExh.267 takenoutfrom


    the harddisc Exh.4 having path Exh.4/OLD EHD/OLD/All 12345
    titled as Maoist Strategy in India with Sub title An interview
    with G.N.Saibaba, accused no.6 Saibaba stated that he is the
    deputy secretary of the Revolutionary Democratic Front, an all
    Indian Federation of revolutionary organizationsandfurtherstated
    thattheMaoistarefollowingthenewdemocraticmethodprovedby
    ChinaundertheleadershipofMaothattherevolutionarymovements
    mustputpriorityonworkingintheareaswherethestateisweak.
    The Maoists work in the backward regions to smash the local
    governmentandestablishpeople'spower. Theybuildbasesinthese
    backwardareas. Thisdoesn'tmeanthattheydon'talsoworkinthe
    cities.

    926] ItisfurthermentionedintheinterviewinNote2thatthe
    followingisacloserdescriptionofthecommunistmovementinIndia
    todayaccordingtoaccusedno.6Saibabaandtherearethreedifferent
    mainstreams oftherevolutionarymovementlike(a)CPNmaoist
    peopleswar(b)Cpi(ml)naxalbari,ctandothersarealsoMaoistand
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    close to the Maoists. Also CPRCML, Red Flag, Communist


    Revolutionary Platform, CCICP(ml), CPI(ml)central team, CPM
    (ml)newdemocracy.

    927] Further, from the letter Article 147 having path


    Exh23/ALLL/ Accommodation issues/Letters/ letter to Saibaba
    retrievedfromtheharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccused
    no.6Saibabawhichisaletteraddressedtoaccusedno.6Saibababy
    SurendraMohaninwhichitismentionedthatsaidSurendraMohan
    cannotbepartoftheCPI(Maoist)program,asheneversubscribedto
    violent resistance and he was taking initiative for peace which
    between the Government and the Maoists and he was proposing
    violenceonbothsidesshouldcometoanend. Thecontentsofthis
    letterclearlyshowsthatCPI(Maoist)waspromotingtheactivitiesof
    violenceandhencesaidSurendraMohanwasnotreadytoworkwith
    CPI(Maoist).

    928] Inordertoprovetheincitementonthepartofaccused,
    prosecutionreliedonfollowingvideoclipsfoundinelectronicgadgets
    (Arts.1to41)seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba:

    (1) In the videoclip having path Exh.16/(1)


    NAXILISTES/ VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1 it is seen that
    armednaxalsinuniformsareseenwalkinginjungle
    and they are campaigning and attending public
    meetingshowingnaxaltacticsinjungle.

    (2) In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


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    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_20
    10/Kutul_Maad/kutulbhoo mkal_2010 armed
    naxalsinuniformsalongwiththevillagersareseen
    gatheredinjungletocelebratethe10thanniversary
    ofBhoomkalandtheyareshoutingwiththeslogans
    as Lal Salam, Mahan Bhoomkal Zindabad, Mahan
    Bhoomkal Shahidonko Lal Salam and further one
    armed naxal seen addressing to the gathering of
    around2000to3000peoplesandarmednaxals.

    (3) In the videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_20
    10/Vayanar_ EBT/1/DSCN 4236, armed naxals in
    uniformsalongwiththevillagersareseengathered
    injungleareshoutingwiththeslogansasJantana
    sarkar ko majbut karo, Dandkaranyako aadhar
    elakeme badal dalo,Bharat ki communist party
    maowadizindabad.

    (4) In the videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_20
    10/Vayanar_EBT/2/Bhoomakal _ 2010, it is seen
    that CPI (Maoist) armed naxals along with the
    villagers are seen marching in jungle with red
    colouredbannersandflagsandsomegreencoloured
    dressedgirlsseendancingandsingingonthestage.
    Furtheritisseenaround2to3thousandvillagers
    gatheringalongwitharmedCPI(Maoist)naxalsand
    onenaxalspeaksandmanyredcolouredbannersand
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    pictures, naxal martyr monument is seen around


    thereandfurtheritisseenthatCPI(Maoist)armed
    naxalsinuniformsaredancingandonenaxalseen
    takingvideoshootingofthedance.

    (5) In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/ VIDEO _TS/VTS_01_2 armed naxals in
    uniformsareseencomingforgatheringforfunction
    in jungle and greeting each other also many red
    bannersareseenandonone banneritisseen the
    namecomradeJanki(AnuradhaGandhi)AmarRahe
    and further the gathered armed naxals and other
    peoplesshoutedtheslogansasBharatkiCommunist
    Party Maowadi Zindabad, Bharat ki Nav Janwadi
    KrantiZindabadand encounterbyarmednaxalsin
    whichpolicepersonswerekilledisseen.Clipsofthe
    saidvideoshowsthatthemembersofCPI(Maoist)
    anditsfrontalorganisationRDFarepropagatingthe
    terrorist act and unlawful activities amongst the
    people in which police personnels were killed by
    them and accused no.6 Saibaba has promoted the
    saidunlawfulactivitiestoinciteorabetthepeople.

    (6) In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_20
    10/Vayanar_EBT/1/DSCN 4236, armed naxals in
    uniformsalongwiththevillagersareseengathered
    in jungle are shouting with the slogans as Jantana
    sarkar ko majbut karo, Dandkaranyako aadhar
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    elakeme badal dalo, Bharat ki communist party


    maowadizindabad.Contentsofthevideoclipshows
    aboutstrengtheningtherevolutionarystruggle.

    929] Further the slogan of RDF is Naxalbari Ek Hi Rasta


    which is reflected in the document which is a draft manifesto at
    Art.159 retrieved from the harddisc seized from house search of
    accused no.6 Saibaba having path ex.4/31.12.12/RDFConference

    material/DRAFTMANIFESTOOFRDFamendedbyconference
    titled as Draft Manifesto of Revolutionary Democratic Front
    (RDF)andfurtherinthisdocumentitismentionedthattheRDF
    upholdsthepathof Naxalbari i.e.thepathofAndhra,Jharkhand,
    BiharandDandakaranya.

    930] Thedocumentatpageno.183ofExh.267retrievedfrom
    theharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    havingpathEx4/cy47513Ex4/c/onAzadisaPressstatementof
    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)CentralCommitteeNorthRegional
    Bureau. ItisabouttheredsalutestoMartyrscom.Azadandcom.
    Hem Pandey and suggested to take revenge for the killings of the
    comrades by the khaki clad (i.e. Police) fascist gangs of AP
    Government and allegations are made against the Andhra Pradesh
    Governmentaboutkillingofthosecomrades.Fromthisstatementit
    isclearthatoneAjaySpokespersonofCPI(Maoist)hadwrittenthis
    press statement showing the violence against police. The related
    detailsofvideoclipshavebeenenumeratedasunder:
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    a] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/ VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2 it is seen that armed
    naxalsareseencomingforgatheringforfunctionin
    jungleandgreetingeachotherandmanyredbanners
    areseenandononebannernameofcomradeJanki
    (AnuradhaGandhi)AmarRaheisseenandfurther
    the gathered armed naxals and other peoples
    shoutedtheslogansasBharatkiCommunistParty
    Maowadi Zindabad,Bharat ki Nav Janwadi Kranti
    Zindabadandthe videoofkillingofpolicepersons
    byarmednaxalsisseen.

    b] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/ VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3 it is seen that armed
    naxalsareseentakingtrainingoffiringinjungleand
    background sound of CPI (Maoist) party
    spokespersonAazadplayedandhestatesaboutthe
    CPI (Maoist) armed strength and their tactics and
    furthertheinterviewsofonenaxalabouttheKudru
    ambushandCPI(Maoist)promotionalvideoisseen
    howtheambushonpolicepartyisexecuted.

    931] Inthepresentcasefromthepossessionofaccusedno.1
    MaheshTirki,naxalpamphletsat Art.139wasseizedinwhichthe
    referenceofSurjagadProjectismentionedinthedeepforestarea.
    Thesaidprojectislocatedinforestareaandnaxalsareopposingthe
    developmentinthatareabecausemovementofsecurityforceswill
    startthereandthisisalsoevidentfromArticle139.Further,recently
    on 23.12.2016 FIR was lodged at Etapalli Police Station at crime
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    no.35/2016againsttheabscondingnaxals,thecopyofwhichisfiled
    onrecordalongwithlistofdocumentatExh.472atSr.no.3 andin
    that incident the naxals burnt seventysix trucks at village Hedri
    which were deployed for carrying stones (iron material) for the
    implementationofthesaidprojectandprotestwasmadetoprevent
    theGovernmentfrommakingimplementationofthatprojectandthis
    isprobablybecauseofactivitiesofnaxals.Iftheprojectwasstarted
    thenthatwouldhavebeenhelpedinmovementofsecurityforcesin
    that Green Hunt Project and the existence of naxals would be in
    danger.

    932] Furtherinthedocumentatpageno.175ofExh.267found
    in the harddiscs seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba shows the protest of The Raoghat Railway Line and the
    Mining Project which would derail the very existence of Bastariya
    PeopleandpeopleofBastaropposingtheprojectbecauseofdestroy
    offorestagainstindustrialization. Theevidenceavailableonrecord
    shows that the accused nos.1 to 6 are the members of banned
    organizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDFandthey
    aresupportingtheideologyofnaxals.Thisshowsthatconspiracyin
    betweenaccusednos.1to6isstillcontinued.

    933] FromtheabovediscussionitisclearthatRDFisformed
    withpopularsloganNaxalbariEkHiRasta. InGadchirolidistrict
    almost all cases where killing or attempt of murder of police
    personnelandinnocentpersonsonthesuspicionofpoliceinformer
    and causing destruction, loss or damage to public property. The
    chargesheetshavebeenfiledagainstnaxals. Thisisclearfromthe
    copyofFIRregisteredatEtapalliPoliceStationatCrimeNo.35/2016
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    againstabscondingnaxalsoffencewasregisteredallegingburningof
    76trucksatHedri.Fromthevideoclipsasdiscussedaboveitisseen
    that naxals were killing police personnel and planting ambush for
    killingofpolicepersonnel.Furtherthereisatextdocumentinwhich
    itisappeal totakerevengeforthekillingsofthecomradesbythe
    khakiclad(i.e.Police)fascistgangs. Thisshowsfortheincidentof
    killing and attempting murder of police personnel and innocent
    personson thesuspicion ofpoliceinformerwhichtookplaceafter
    31.12.2008themembersofCPIMaoistanditsfrontalorganization
    RDFareresponsible.

    934] Further from the email at Article 147 having path


    Exh23/ALLL/ Accommodation issues/Letters/ letter to Saibaba,
    sentbySurendraMohantoaccusedno.6Saibabait isclearthathe
    withdrewfromthemembershipofCPI(Maoist)becauseitinvolvedin
    violent activities and accused no.6 Saibaba also replied the same.
    ThisshowsthatmembersofCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisation
    RDFareinvolvedinviolentactivities.

    935] FromthepamphletsArts.139to141foundinpossession
    of accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki which was issued by Bhakapa
    (Maowadi), (Gadchiroli Division) and Bhumkal Johar Te
    DandakaryanyaSpecialZonalCommittee,Bhakapa(Maowadi),titled
    as, Amar Shahidirku Lal Salam and Bhartachi Communist Party
    (Maowadi), Maharashtra Rajya Samiti and Navjanwadi Kranti i.e.
    RDFinwhichprotestwasmadeforSurjagadprojectandinrecently
    i.e. on 23.12.2016 naxals burnt 76 trucks on the site of Surjagad
    Project and to that effect FIR filed alongwith list of document at
    Exh.472atSr.no.3.Fromthisitisclearlyinferredthatwhateverthe
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    activities of killing of innocent persons on the suspicion of police


    informer, killing and attempt of killing of police personnel and
    destructionanddamagetopublicpropertyfrom31.12.2008tilldate
    ofFIR,membersofRDFandCPIMaoistandmembersofRDFare
    responsibleandfurtherfromtheFIRitcanbeinferredthatconspiracy
    betweenaccusednos.1to6iscontinued.

    936] The prosecution case against the accused is that on or


    priorto12.9.2009theytheyhatchedcriminalconspiracytowagewar
    against the Government of India and to collect people with the
    intentionofwagingwaragainsttheGovernmentofIndia,tooverawe
    bymeansofcriminalforcetheGovernmentofMaharashtraandthe
    GovernmentofIndia,toshakeandreducethefaithofthecommon
    citizen in its democratic Government by large scale violence
    destructionoflivesandpropertyandtherebydestabilizethesystemof
    Governmentestablishedbylaw,toorganizethespreadofsecessionist
    andrebelliousthoughtsbyholdingconvertandsecretmeetings,to
    collectmoneyinIndiaforachievingtheobjectsofthesaidcriminal
    conspiracy by illegal means, to continue unlawful activities of
    Communist Party of India (Maoist) and its front organization
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront,forachievingtheobjectsofcriminal
    conspiracy, to continue the activities of Terrorist Gang, banned
    terroristorganizationorunlawfulassociation,singlyorjointlyasa
    memberoftheTerroristGang&bannedorganizationCPIMaoist&its
    frontal organisation Revolutionary Democratic Front to conspire,
    advocate, incite, abet & knowingly facilitate the commission of a
    terrorist act and unlawful activities by use of violence or other
    unlawfulmeans,totakepartorcommitoradvocate,abetorincitethe
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    commission of unlawful activities, being the member of a banned


    TerroristGang.

    937] Thisshowsthatthenaxalactivitieswhichtookplacein
    GadchirolidistrictandinalloverIndiaafter31.12.2008i.e.killing
    andattemptofmurderofinnocentpersonsonthesuspicionofpolice
    informers, police personnel and damage, loss and destruction of
    publicproperty themembersofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)
    anditsfrontalorganizationRDFareresponsible.Hence,prosecution
    has proved the offence punishable under Section 20ofUAPAread
    withSection120BofIPC.

    Meremembershipofbannedorganizationnotsufficient

    938] LearnedadvocateShriGadlingforaccusedhasreliedon
    judgment of the Honble Supreme Court in the matters of Arup
    BhuyanVs.StateofAssam,reportedin2011(1)SCC,784(SC),and
    SriIndraDasVs.StateofAssam,reportedin(2011)3SCC380to
    arguethatmerelybeingamemberofabannedorganizationwillnot
    incriminate the person and, therefore, even if it is found that the
    appellant was a member of a banned CPI (Marxist) and/or CPI
    (Marxist Leninist) Peoples War, he cannot be held guilty of
    committinganoffenceunderSection124AofIPCorforcommitting
    offencesundertheActof2005andtheActof1967.

    939] InthematterofArupBhuyan(Supra),allegationagainst
    himwasthathewasamemberofULFAandtheonlymaterialagainst
    him was his alleged confessional statement made before the
    SuperintendentofPoliceinwhichheissaidtohaveidentifiedthe
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    house ofthe deceased. Afterreferringtoitsearlierdecision inthe


    matterofStateofKeralaVs.Raneef{2011(1)SCALE8}wherein
    theHonbleSupremeCourtagreeingwiththeUSSupremeCourts
    decisioninElfbrandtVs.Russell,384U.S.17(1966),whichhas
    rejectedthedoctrineofguiltbyassociation,theHonbleSupreme
    Courtheldthus:
    Meremembershipofabannedorganizationwillnot
    incriminateapersonunlessheresortstoviolenceor
    incitespeopletoviolenceordoesanactintendedto
    create disorder or disturbance of public peace by
    resorttoviolence.(Emphasissupplied)

    940] Atthisjuncture,itisnecessarytoconsiderobservations
    madeincaseofArupBhuyan.v.StateofAssamreportedin(2015)
    12SCCwhereinTheirLordshipofApexCourtobservedthat
    SupremeCourtinArupBhuyan,reportedin(2011)3
    SCC 377 reading down S. 3(5), Terrorist and
    DisruptiveActivities(Prevention)Act,1987soasnotto
    violate Arts. 19 and 21 of the Constitution, holding
    thatmeremembershipofbannedorganizationwould
    notmakeapersoncriminallyliableunlessheresortsto
    violenceorincitespeopletoviolenceorcreatespublic
    disorderbyviolenceorincitementtoviolenceRegard
    beinghadtoimportantissueraised,matterdirectedto
    beplacedbeforelargerBenchTerroristandDisruptive
    Activities 9 (Prevention) Act, 1987 S. 3(5)
    UnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967S.10.

    941] Further in the Book of Principles of Statutory


    Interpretation by Justice G P Singh 14th Edition revised by
    JusticeAKPatnaikatPageno.975,itisobservedthat
    InIndradasv.StateofAssam,itwasheldthatmere
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    membershipofabannedorganisationasprovidedin
    section3(5)oftheTerroristandDisruptiveActivities
    (Prevention) Act, 1987 and section 10 of the
    Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 are if
    literallyreadunconstitutionalastheywillthenviolate
    Article 19(1) and (2) of the Constitution and they
    havetobereaddowntomeanthatunlesstheperson
    resortsorincitesviolenceorcreatespublicdisorder
    byviolenceorincitementtoviolencehewouldnotbe
    held guilty of the offence simply by becoming a
    member.

    (2011)3SCC380paras23to44:(2011)2JT153.
    The editor has rightly commented that would the
    court be so sanguine when the organisation
    concerned is an international terrorist organisation
    whoseavowedaimistheverydestructionofIndian
    CivilSocietyandtheliberalIndianState?

    Itisimportanttonotethatprovisionsof
    Section20ofUAPAareparimateriawithprovisionof
    Section3(5)ofTADA.

    942] The Constitutional Bench of Apex Court in Hitendra


    VishnuThakurandothersvs.StateofMaharashtrareportedin
    1994(4)SCC602upheldtheconstitutionalvalidityoftheprovisions
    of Section 3(5) of TADA which is in pari materia with Sec. 20 of
    UAPA. FurtherwhileupholdingtheotherprovisionsofTADAwhich
    areparimateriawithprovisionsofSs.38and39ofUAPA.TheApex
    Court in Mohammad Ekbal Sheikh v. State of Maharashtra and
    Kartarsing,theApexCourtheldasunder

    943] In Mohd.Iqbal M. Shaikh's case (supra), ApexCourt


    held:

    "Inviewoftherivalsubmissionsatthebar,thefirst
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    questionthatarisesforourconsiderationiswhether
    theactivitiescanbeheldtobeterroristactivities'so
    as to bring it within the purview of TADA. The
    expression`terroristact'hasnotbeendefinedand,
    on the other hand, Section 2(h) stipulates that it
    wouldhavethesamemeaningashasbeenassigned
    toitinsubsection(1)ofSection3.Theexpression
    `terrorism'hasnotbeendefinedundertheActand
    as has been held by this Court, in the case of
    HITENDRA VISHNU THAKUR AND ORS. v. STATE
    OF MAHARASHTRA. 1994(4) SCC 602, it is not
    possibletogiveaprecisedefinitionofterrorismor
    to lay down what constituted terrorism. But the
    Courthadindicatedintheaforesaiddecisionthatit
    may be possible to describe it as use of violence
    when its most important result is not merely the
    physicalandmentaldamageofthevictimbutthe
    prolongedpsychologicaleffectitproducesorhasthe
    potentialofproducingonthesocietyasawhole.It
    hasalsobeenstatedintheaforesaiddecisionthatif
    theobjectoftheactivityistodisturbharmonyofthe
    societyortoterrorisepeopleandthesocietywitha
    viewtodisturbeventhetempo,tranquillityofthe
    society,andasenseoffearandinsecurityiscreated
    inthemindsofasectionofthesocietyorsocietyat
    large, then it will, undoubtedly, be held to be a
    terroristact.Thequestion,therefore,doesnotreally
    boildowntoanexaminationastowhetherforthe
    activities, under the normal criminal law, the
    accusedpersonscanbepunishedbuttoexaminethe
    real impact of such gruesome and atrocious
    activitiesonthesocietyatlargeoratleastonthe
    section of the society. If the case in hand is
    examined from the aforesaid stand point, on the
    facts that shortly after the demolition of Babri
    Masjid at Ayodhya, a communal riot erupted in
    Mumbai and during that period in the locality in
    question which was predominantly occupied by
    Muslims,aChawloccupiedbyHinduswhowerein
    minoritywassettofirebythepeoplebelongingto
    the rival community and on account of such fire,
    several people were burnt alive, it is difficult to
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    acceptthecontentionofMr.Jainthattheactivities
    do not fall within the ambit to TADA. In our
    consideredopinion,judgingfromtheatrocityofthe
    activitiesandjudgingfromthesensitiveandtense
    atmosphereprevailinginthetownunderwhichthe
    acts were perpetrated resulting ultimately in the
    death of several persons, the conclusion becomes
    irresistible that such activities has far reaching
    consequencesanditaffectsthesocietyatlargeand
    theeventempohadbeengreatlydisturbedandas
    suchtheprovisionsoftheActgetattractedtosuch
    activities."

    55. "That the prominent methodofunderstanding


    thelegislativeintention,inamatterofthisnature,is
    toseewhetherthesubstantiveprovisionsoftheAct
    require mensrea element as a constituent
    ingredientforanoffence.OffenceunderSectin3(1)
    ofPOTAwillbeconstitutedonlyifitisdonewith
    "intent". IfParliamentstipulatesthatthe"terrorist"
    itselfhastobecommittedwithacriminalintention,
    canitbesaidthatapersonwho"profess"(asunder
    Section20)"invitessupport"or"arranges,manages
    orassistsin arrangingormanagingameeting"or
    "addresses a meeting" (as under Section 21) has
    committed the offence if he does not have an
    intentionORdesigntofurthertheactivitiesofany
    terroristorganizationorthecommissionofterrorist
    acts? We are clear that it is not. Therefore, it is
    obviousthattheoffenceunderSection20or21or
    22needspositiveinferencethatapersonhasacted
    with intent of furthering or encouraging terrorist
    activity or facilitating its commission. In other
    words, these sections are limited only to those
    activities that have the intent of encouraging or
    furthering or promoting or facilitating the
    commission of terrorist activities. If these sections
    are understood in this way, there cannot be any
    misuse. With this clarification we uphold the
    constitutionalvalidityofSections20,21and22"
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    944] Now it is necessary to consider whether the ratio laid


    downinArupBhuyanandIndraDaswouldbeapplicabletothefacts
    ofthecaseinhandwithoutgoingtothefactualaspectofthecaseof
    Arun Bhuyan and Indra Das. At this juncture, it is necessary to
    consider the ratio laiddownbytheApexCourt in Padmasundara
    Rao(Dead)andothersvStateofT.N.andothers reportedin
    AIR2002SupremeCourt1334whereinitisheldthat

    (A) Interpretation of Statutes Precedents


    RelianceondecisionsCannotbeplacedwithout
    discussing fact situation of decision relied on.
    Courts should not place reliance on decisions
    withoutdiscussingastohowthefactualsituationfits
    inwiththefactsituationofthedecisiononwhich
    relianceisplaced. Thereisalwaysperilintreating
    thewordsofaspeechorjudgmentasthoughthey
    arewordsinalegislativeenactmentanditistobe
    rememberedthatjudicialutterancesaremadeinthe
    setting of the facts of a particular case.
    Circumstantialflexibility,oneadditionalordifferent
    fact may make a world of difference between
    conclusionsintwocases.

    945] Atthisstage,furtheritisnecessarytoconsiderratiolaid
    down bythe Apex Court incase of Ramesh Singh alias Photti v.
    StateofA.P.reportedinAIR2004SupremeCourt4545whereinit
    isobservedthat
    (B) Precedent Earlier case Can be treated as
    precedent only if facts and circumstances in such
    earlier cited case is in pari materia in all respects
    withfactsandcircumstancesofcaseinhand.(Para
    11)
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    946] In both Arup Bhuyan and Indra Das cases, the only
    materialagainsttheaccusedwasconfessionalstatement.Exceptthis,
    therewasnootherevidencetoconnecttheaccusedwiththecrime
    and in view of these peculiar facts, the Apex Court made a
    observations in both the cases that mere membership of banned
    organization would not make a person criminally liable unless he
    resorts to violence or incites people to violence or creates public
    disorderbyviolenceorincitementtoviolence.However,presentcase
    isnotonlybasedonconfessionalstatementsofaccusedno.1Mahesh
    Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote made before P.W.12 Nileshwar Vyas,
    JudicialMagistrateF.C.Aheributitiscorroboratedbytheevidenceof
    P.W.9RajuAtramandfurtherthereareseveraltextdocuments,video
    clips,photographsfoundinelectronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)seized
    during house search of accused no.6 Saibaba and text documents
    Arts.A17 to A21 found in 16 GB memorycard seized from the
    personalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMishra.Followingarethefew
    text documents and video clips which show that member of CPI
    (Maoist)andRDFresortedtoviolentactivities.

    947] AdocumentatArt.A19retrievedfromthe16GBmemory
    cardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3
    Hem Mishra is a letter addressed to Dear friends Red Salute by
    Sahyadri State Committee of Maharashtra CPI (Maoist) titled as
    Oppose the Government's ongoing war against the people of
    Garhchirolidistrict. Inthesaiddocumentdetailhistoryalongwith
    dateandtimeregardingkillingofaround17naxalsinencounterby
    Gadchirolipoliceisgivenasunder:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    775 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    1] On4.4.2013fivemaoistswerekillednear
    Batparvillage.
    2] On20.1.2013policekilledsixmaoistsnamely
    ShankarLakda,amemberofDivisional
    Committee,MohanKowase,Acm, Vinod
    KodapeAcm,GeetaUsendi,PlatoonDeputy
    Commander,JuruMattamiandRajuGavdeat
    Govindgaonvillage.
    3] On12.4.2013atvillageSindesurpolice
    encircledandindiscrimatelyfiredonajan
    sabha(publicmeeting)killing6people
    namelySukhdev,VarluGaveandKalidasDuru
    HidkoandComradeKailashamemberof
    Tippagarharea committeewaskilledwhen
    hecamedowntosavethepeople.

    948] Furtheraround35incidentsofbeatingofnaxals/members
    ofCPI(Maoist)atthehandsofGadchirolipolicearegiven. Inthe
    saiddocumentitisfurthermentionedthataround10000policestaff
    alongwith modern weapons like AK47, LMG, SLR are equipped,
    however, the PLGA on the other hand having old weapons like
    Bharmarandaxe.Inthesaidletterappealwasmadetofightagainst
    paramilitaryforces,commandoforcestostopGreenHuntOperation
    launchedbytheGovernment.Lastly,inthesaiddocumentitisstated
    thatmassmovementand armedstrugglebothareequallyimportant
    andarenecessaryfortherevolution.

    949] AdocumentatPagenos.119ofExh.267isaaninterview
    ofaccusedno.6SaibabaunderthetitleasMaoiststrategyinIndia
    andfromthesaiddocumentitisclearthataccusedno.6Saibabais
    thedeputysecretaryoftheRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF),a
    frontalorganisationofRDF,anallIndianFederationofrevolutionary
    organizations and in the said interview, accused no.6 Saibaba
    narratedthestrategyofMaoistinIndiainwhichhestatedthatitisa
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    vastmovementincludesthedevelopedareas.Accusedno.6Saibaba
    further stated that the Maoists are creatively implementing the
    Marxist principles to the concrete conditions of India and without
    armedstrugglenoresistancecanbebuiltincountrieslikeIndiaand
    theresistancethathasbeenbuiltupinthepreviousyearscannotbe
    retained and the armedactionsagainstthestateforcesandfeudal
    forcesarecarriedouttoprotectthemovement.Fromthisdocument
    itrevealsthataccusedno.6SaibababeingDeputySecretaryofRDF
    statedaboutthestrategyofCPI(Maoist)aboutarmedstrugglewhich
    showstheincitementtothepeopleagainsttheGovernmentofIndia.

    950] The document Art.147 having path Exh23 /ALLL

    /Accommodation issues/Letters/ letter to Saibaba written by one


    SurendraMohantoaccusedno.6Saibabainwhichitismentioned
    that he cannot be part of the CPI (Maoist) program, as he never
    subscribed to violent resistance. This shows that CPI (Maoist) is
    involvedinviolentactivities.

    951] Thedocumentatpageno.183ofExh.267retrievedfrom
    theharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    havingpathEx4/cy47513Ex4/c/onAzadisaPressstatementof
    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)CentralCommitteeNorthRegional
    Bureau. ItisabouttheredsalutestoMartyrscom.Azadandcom.
    Hem Pandey and suggested to take revenge for the killings of the
    comrades by the khaki clad (i.e. Police) fascist gangs of AP
    Government and allegations are made against the Andhra Pradesh
    Governmentaboutkillingofthosecomrades.Fromthisstatementit
    isclearthatoneAjaySpokespersonofCPI(Maoist)hadwrittenthis
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    777 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    pressstatementshowingtheviolenceagainstpolice.

    952] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE LAAL/


    VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2 itisseenthatarmednaxalsareseencoming
    forgatheringforfunctioninjungleandgreetingeachotherandmany
    red banners are seen andon one banner name ofcomrade Janki
    (Anuradha Gandhi) Amar Rahe is seen and further the gathered
    armed naxals and other peoples shouted the slogans asBharat ki
    Communist Party MaowadiZindabad,Bharat kiNavJanwadiKranti
    Zindabadandthevideoofkillingofpolicepersonsbyarmednaxals
    isseen.

    953] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE LAAL/


    VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3 it isseen that armed naxals are seen taking
    training and exercising in jungle and background sound of CPI
    (Maoist)party spokesperson Aazadplayedandhe statesaboutthe
    CPI (Maoist) armed strength and their tactics and further the
    interviewsofonenaxalabouttheKudruambushandCPI(Maoist)
    promotional video is seen how the ambush on police party is
    executed.

    954] In the videoclip having path Exh.3/films/


    S1/RDF/1/video_TS,VTS_01_1itisclearthataccusedno.6Saibaba
    isseentakingpartandothersaresingingsongondeathofShankar
    andsingingslogansLalSalamLalSalam.SloganLalSalamisused
    bynaxalsandmembersofbannedorganisationRDFandhenceitis
    clear that accused no.6 is a member of banned organisation CPI
    (Maoist) and its frontal organisation RDF and inciting the people
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    withslogansLalSalamLalSalam.

    955] In videoclip having path Exh.3/ films/ s1/RDF/


    1/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1,itisseenthatsomegentsandladiesraised
    theslogansasShahidonkoLalSalam,NavjanwadiKrantiZindabad,
    Ek Hi Rasta Ek Hi Rasta Naxalbari Ek Hi Rasta. The slogan
    NaxalbariEkHiRastaraisedinthisvideoisresolvedasasloganof
    RDFinArt.157titledasJointMeetingofAIPRFandSFPRwrittenby
    Rajkishore Secretary of Adhoc Executive Committee Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF)on20thMay2005.

    956] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films /s1/RDF/2/


    VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1,itisclearthataccusedno.6Saibabaisseen
    speakingabouttheKashmiripeoplesstruggleforfreedomandgave
    assurancethatRDFisnotonlysupportingthemovementbuttakes
    active part and their main concern is to liberate the Kashmir and
    further accused no.6 Saibaba have stated that the struggle for
    liberationofKashmirandourliberationarethesame.

    957] On viewing above videoclips it is clear that the armed


    naxalsofCPI(Maoist)wereparticipatinginsingingthesongswhile
    dancingandsomeofthemwerearmedwithgunsalongwithbanners
    ofRDF,afrontalorganizationofCPI(Maoist)intheirhandsandthey
    wereattendingthemeetingsandfoundaddressingpeopletojointhe
    organizationandwereincitingthepublicatlargetowagewaragainst
    theGovernmentestablishedbylawthroughthepathofRDF.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    958] In view of above discussion finding of text documents


    whereinitismentionedthattoprotestGovernmentactionbyarmed
    rebellionandcommunicationsfoundintheformoftextdocumentsin
    theformofelectronicdatabetweenthemembersofCPI(Maoist)and
    RDFforfurtheringtheterroristactivitiesofthesaidorganizationand
    causingthepeopleandmembersofbannedorganizationtoresortfor
    violence and causing public disorder and the incident of killing of
    innocent persons on the suspicion of police informers, police
    personnelanddestructionanddamagetopublicpropertywhichtook
    placeafter31.12.2008tilltoday,themembersofCPI(Maoist)and
    RDFareresponsibleandtheconspiracybetweenaccusednos.1to6
    hasbeenestablishedbytheprosecution.Theprosecutionhasproved
    thecaseagainstaccusedu/s20ofUAPAr/w120BofIPCandthe
    ratiolaiddowninthecasesofIndraDasv.StateofAssamreported
    in(2011)3SCC380,StateofKeralav.Raneefreportedin(2011)
    1SCC784andArupBhuyanv.StateofAssamreportedin(2011)
    3SCC377 citedsupraarenotapplicabletothefactsofthepresent
    case.

    Section38and39ofUAPA

    959] Now it is necessary tosee whetherthe prosecution has


    provedthecaseagainstaccusedfortheoffencepunishableu/s38and
    39ofUAPA.Inordertoconstitutetheoffencepunishableu/s38and
    39ofUAPAprosecutionhastoprovetheingredientsofthoseSections.
    TheingredientsofSections38and39ofUAPAarecommonhencethe
    saidSectionsarediscussedtogether.
    Sec.38 Offence relating to membership of a
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    terroristorganisation
    (1) A person, who associates himself, or
    professestobe associated, with a terrorist
    organisation with intention to further its activities,
    commitsanoffencerelatingto membership of a
    terroristorganisation:
    Providedthatthissubsectionshallnotapply
    wherethepersonchargedisabletoprove
    (a)thattheorganisationwasnotdeclaredasa
    terrorist organisation at the time when he
    becameamemberorbegantoprofesstobea
    member;and
    (b)thathehasnottakenpartintheactivities
    of the organisation at any time during its
    inclusion in the Schedule as a terrorist
    organisation.
    (2)Aperson,whocommitstheoffencerelating
    tomembershipofaterroristorganisationunder
    subsection (1), shall be punishable with
    imprisonmentforatermnotexceedingten years,
    orwithfine,orwithboth.

    Sec.39
    . Offence relating to support given to a
    terrorist organization. (1) A person commits the
    offence relating to support given to a terrorist
    organisation,
    (a)who,withintentiontofurthertheactivity
    ofaterroristorganization,
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    781 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    (i)invitessupportfortheterroristorganization,
    and
    (ii)thesupportisnotorisnotrestrictedto
    provide moneyorotherpropertywithinthe
    meaningof section40;or
    (b)who,withintentiontofurthertheactivity
    ofaterroristorganization,arranges,manages
    orassistsinarrangingormanagingameeting
    whichheknowsis
    (i)tosupporttheterroristorganization,or

    (ii)to further the activity of the terrorist


    organization,or

    (iii)tobeaddressedbyapersonwhoassociates
    orprofessestobeassociatedwiththeterrorist
    organization;or

    (c) who, withintentiontofurthertheactivityofa


    terrorist organization, addresses a meeting for the
    purposeof encouraging support for the terrorist
    organizationortofurtheritsactivity.
    (2) A person,who commits the offence relating to
    supportgivento aterrorist organization under sub
    section (1), shall be punishable with imprisonment
    foratermnotexceedingtenyears,orwithfine,or
    withboth.

    960] In order to see whether the ingredients of the offence


    punishableunderSections38and39ofUAPAareestablished,itis
    necessarytoscrutinize thedocumentsseizedfromthepossessionof
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    accusedno.1MaheshTirkii.e.naxalpamphlets(Art.139to141),the
    eightpagesofnaxalliteraturealongwithtypewrittendocumentsof
    undertrialprisonermaoistleaderNarayanSanyalatArt.130Aseized
    fromthepersonalsearchofaccusedno.4PrashantRahiand text
    documents Arts.A17 to A21 retrieved from 16 GB memorycard of
    Sandisk company seized from the personal search of accused no.3
    HemMishraandtextdocuments,photographs,videoclipsfoundin
    the electronic gadgets (Arts.1 to 41) at Page nos.1 to 247 and
    Arts.147to164ofExh.267seizedfromthehousesearchofaccused
    no.6Saibababroughtonrecordbytheprosecution.

    961] Toprovethesaidallegationsagainsttheaccusedpersons
    prosecutionhasreliedonthefollowingtextdocumentswhichareas
    under:

    1] A document at Art.A17 retrieved from 16 GB


    memorycardseizedfromthepossessionofaccused
    no.3HemMishraisaletterwritteninHindilanguage
    byoneLalSalamJ.V.addressedto LalSalam. On
    perusalofcontentsofsaidletteritrevealsthatitisin
    respectofJanaSanghathanandJanaAndolanandit
    iswrittenthatsomeproblemsarisesinprogressand
    developmentoftheorganizationandhenceitreveals
    the further activities of banned organization CPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF.

    2] On perusal of document at Art.A18 which is


    alsoinHindilanguageaddressedtoJanSanghathan
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    and Sanyukta Morcha by N.R.B., it reveals that


    there were suggestions to make effort about
    strengthening and expanding the party and to
    struggleagainstrepression,indevelopingcampaigns
    and unlawfulorganization andlastlytosupport all
    antiimperialist struggles and peoples' wars on the
    internationallevel.Further,fromthecontentsofthe
    saiddocumentitisclearthattherewasarevolution
    bytheCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)andthey
    were struggling armed rebellion against the
    Government and it is the great achievement
    developed in the form of Krantikari Jana Andolan.
    FromthesaiddocumentitisclearthatN.R.B.,apart
    ofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontal
    organization RDF were trying to furthering their
    terrorist activities like armed rebellion against the
    Government through PLGA and Krantikari Jana
    Aandolanalloverthecountry.

    962] AdocumentatArt.A19retrievedfromthe16GBmemory
    cardofSandiskcompanyseizedfromthepossessionofaccusedno.3
    Hem Mishra is a letter addressed to Dear friends Red Salute by
    Sahyadri State Committee of Maharashtra CPI (Maoist) titled as
    Oppose the Government's ongoing war against the people of
    Garhchirolidistrict. Inthesaiddocumentdetailhistoryalongwith
    dateandtimeregardingkillingofaround17naxalsinencounterby
    Gadchirolipoliceisgivenasunder:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    784 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    1] On4.4.2013fivemaoistswerekillednearBatparvillage.
    2] On20.1.2013policekilledsixmaoistsnamelyShankarLakda,
    a member of Divisional Committee, Mohan Kowase, Acm,
    Vinod Kodape Acm,Geeta Usendi, Platoon Deputy
    Commander, Juru Mattami and Raju Gavde at Govindgaon
    village.
    3] On 12.4.2013 at village Sindesur police encircled and
    indiscrimatelyfiredonajansabha(publicmeeting)killing6
    people namely Sukhdev, Varlu Gave and Kalidas Duru Hidko
    andComradeKailashamemberofTippagarharea committee was
    killedwhenhecamedowntosavethe people.

    963] Furtheraround35incidentsofbeatingofnaxals/members
    ofCPI(Maoist)atthehandsofGadchirolipolicearegiven. Inthe
    saiddocumentitisfurthermentionedthataround10000policestaff
    alongwith modern weapons like AK47, LMG, SLR are equipped,
    however, the PLGA on the other hand having old weapons like
    Bharmarandaxe.Inthesaidletterappealwasmadetofightagainst
    paramilitaryforces,commandoforcestostopGreenHuntOperation
    launchedbytheGovernment.Lastly,inthesaiddocumentitisstated
    thatmassmovementand armedstrugglebothareequallyimportant
    andarenecessaryfortherevolution.

    964] Adocumentat Art.A21 ofExh.266whichwasretrieved


    fromthe16GBmemorycardofSandiskCompanyseizedfromthe
    possession of accused no.3 HemMishra addressedto Comrade by
    one Jaddu and Prakash dated 1st August 2013 and the relevant
    portionsofthisdocumentarereproducedasunder:
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    785 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    We have received 1.5 lakhs once and 75


    thousandatanothertimesofarafterthearrestofthe
    comrade.Butweincurredseverallakhsofrupeeson
    thecontinuousprogrammesandactivities.Wehave
    incurredaloanof2.5lakhsasofnow.Everypassing
    daybringsinnewexpenditure.Wedocollectfunds
    buttherangeofouractivitiesissoveryhighthatwe
    are not in a position to meet all expenses through
    collections.

    Weurgentlyneedfundsunderthefollowingheads:
    Prisonercomradeshealthandotherlegalchargeson
    cases(wearelookingafterhere):2laks.
    Conference(apartfromwhatwecanbecollected):3
    Lakhs.
    Bookswearepublishingnow:2lakhs.
    (Formorebookswecouldcollect1lakh)Butneed2
    lakhsmoretopublishtheremainingbooks.
    Loantobecleared:2.5lakhs.
    Onearrestedseniorcomradeslifepartnerneedsat
    least1lakhshere.
    Forourteam(next6months)torunourselvesand
    activitiesplannedweneed4lakhsatleast.
    Therefore we need a minimum of 13 lakhs
    immediately to meet various urgent needs and
    activities.

    965] From this documents it reveal that accused no.3 Hem


    Mishraonthedirectionsofaccusedno.6Saibabawascarrying16GB
    memorycard containing such documents to meet the underground
    naxalitesinAbuzamadforestofGadchirolidistrictandforcollection
    of funds for the development of organization and to support the
    terroristorganizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF
    withintentiontofurthertheterroristactivities.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    786 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    966] FromtheevidenceofP.W.9RajuAtramitisclearthat at
    the instance of absconding lady naxal Narmadakka he alongwith
    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote had been to
    Ballarsha railwaystation to receive the members of banned
    organisationandfurtherhandedovercashamountofRs.5lacstothe
    membersofbannedorganisationatBallarsharailwaystationandat
    that time accused no.1 MaheshTirki and no.2Pandu Narote were
    accompaniedwithhim.

    967] Thedocumentatpageno.183ofExh.267retrievedfrom
    theharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    havingpathEx4/cy47513Ex4/c/onAzadisaPressstatementof
    CommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)CentralCommitteeNorthRegional
    Bureau. ItisabouttheredsalutestoMartyrscom.Azadandcom.
    Hem Pandey and suggested to take revenge for the killings of the
    comrades by the khaki clad (i.e. Police) fascist gangs of AP
    Government and allegations are made against the Andhra Pradesh
    Governmentaboutkillingofthosecomrades.Fromthisstatementit
    isclearthatoneAjaySpokespersonofCPI(Maoist)hadwrittenthis
    pressstatementtofurthertheactivitiesoforganization.

    968] The document at Page no.57ofExh.267retrievedfrom


    theharddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    having path Exh.4/c/for said/working Directory 201/New

    Folder/final months after correction/Manjeera/core , titled as


    Meetingof Core of A3/A4on Oct2nd and 3rd2006contains
    various resolutions regarding the suggestions of demands for the
    campaign of building A3 and A4, mass movement, displacement
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
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    movementandfundsandbudgetsforthedevelopmentofA3andA4
    committeesofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)workinginvarious
    StatesofIndia anditismentionedthatPrakashi.e.accusedno.6
    Saibaba alongwith his companion must take serious attempts at
    consultationonallA4FCdecisionsandothermattersconcerningthe
    organization. This document shows the further activities to
    strengthentheorganization.

    969] The document at page no.78 of Exh.267 having path


    Exh.4/OLDEHD/OLD/All12345/ILPS/DearArman,Exh.267 isa
    letteraddressedto DearArman whereinitismentionedthatwhen
    accused no.6 Saibaba was in London, Holland and Birmingham
    duringtheirdiscussionfollowingproposalswereagreed.

    Some representatives from India from anti


    displacement front, political prisoners and RDF,
    possiblyanticastemovementwilljoinILPSTIA.

    AninternationalteamofILPStovisitareasofanti
    displacementmovementsinIndiainMarch2008to
    comeoutwithareportforinternationalpropaganda.
    TheteamwillalsotovisitChhattisgarhinthearea
    effected by Salwa Judum, an area of indigenous
    peoplemostseriousaffectedinamajorway.Other
    importantareas,amongothers,wouldbeNandigram
    andSingurWestBengal,Kalingnar,Jagatisgapurand
    KashipurinOrissa,andJharkhand.Theteamneeds
    toinIndiaforatleast15days.
    Followed by the teams report, an International
    Public Hearing may be conducted as suggested by
    Comrade Jose Maria Sison, with internationally
    renownedpeopleasjurysimultaneouslyfromIndia
    and London sessions through video conferencing.
    Butasectionoftheinternationaljurybeablepresent
    inIndia.
    ILPS to aid and promote the formation of
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    788 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    international Solidarity Committees supporting and


    taking up the issues of Indian Antidisplacement
    movement particularly in Europe and Americas to
    start with. The international monopoly corporate
    housesthatdirectlydisplace,kill,maim,rapepeople
    in India are to be targeted in a big way through
    campaign.
    ComradeVaravaraRaohasagreedtoparticipatein
    theTIA.

    970] This document shows that there are some international


    programmesofILPSorganisationandattheendoftheletteraccused
    no.6Saibabahasinformedtocontactsomemembersattheendof
    eachmailcontainedsothattheywillunderstandtheimportanceof
    theorganisationandatthefootofthislettertheemailofaccused
    no.6Saibabaisgiven.

    971] Adocumentatpageno.81ofExh.267isaletteronthe
    letterheadofATIK(AvrupaTurkiyeliIscilerKonfedersasyonu),Turque
    andEuropeaddressedtoaccusedno.6G.N.SaibabafromChairperson
    ofInternationalRelationCommissionATIKwhereinitismentioned
    thatsaidATIKlaunchedacampaignforthesolidaritywiththeIndian
    peopleandpeople'smovementagainstOperationGreenHunt(OGH)
    a scheme of Indian Government and invited Senior Maoist leaders
    fromIndiatoEuropeandalsotalkedtoTurkeyaboutthejoiningof
    Maoistleaders.Fromthisletteritrevealsthataccusedno.6Saibaba
    isanactivememberofCPI(Maoist)Indiaandheisincontactandhas
    relations with other Maoist organisations working in foreign
    countries.

    972] AdocumentatPageno.88ofExh.267retrievedfromthe
    harddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibabaisa
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    789 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    letteraddressedtoDearComradebyPrakashinwhichitissuggested
    to celebrate Lenin's Birth Day and formation day of CPI (ML) to
    furtheritsactivities.

    973] Adocumentatpageno.92ofExh.267inwhichtherecitals
    wereshownagainstimperialism,againstmodernfascism,struggle,
    organize and construct the party written by Communist Party
    MaoistItaly,France,TurkeyNorthKurdistanandsuggestedtoinstall
    amidtherebelyouthoftheimperialistbanlieues,constructingyouth
    revolutionaryorganismsandtogivesupportandorientationtothe
    studentstruggles,immigrants,lodgementoccupants,tothepopular
    strugglesontheterritoriesagainstmilitarybases.Attheendofletter
    thereismentionofCommunistPartyMaoistItaly,CommunistParty
    MaoistFrance,CommunistPartyMaoistTurkeyNorthKurdistan.
    Fromthisletter,itshowsthattheCPI(Maoist)isworkinginvarious
    countriestofurthertheiractivities.

    974] AdocumentatPageno.94ofExh.267isaPressRelease
    issued by Ramanna Secretary DKSZC CPI(Maoist) titled as The
    claimmadebythegovernmentthat7Naxalswerekilledbythe
    CoBRA, Greyhounds and SPOs in an encounter between the
    Maoists and the police on 10 th November 2009 is completely
    false!. In the said letter there wasappeal to all the democratic,
    progressiveandpropeopleorganisationsandindividuals,democratic
    andcivilrightsorganizationsandactivists,writersandintellectuals,
    journalists,studentsandyouthtocomeforwardandmakeallefforts
    tostopthisgenocideandbrutalrepressioncommittedonthepeople
    bytheIndiangovernmentandtopunishthepoliceofficersguiltyof
    thesecrimes.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    790 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    975] A document at Page no.97 of Exh.267 titled as


    Communist Party of India (Maoist) by Gudsa Usendi,
    Spokesperson, Dandakaranya Special Zonal Committee, CPI
    (Maoist) headed by Observe Martyrs Week From July 28 to
    August3!RedHomagetoOurPartysForefoundersandBeloved
    TeachersComradesCharuMazumdarandKanhaiChatterjee!and
    furtheritismentionedthatByvirtueofthesesacrifices,revolutionary
    movementhasbeenadvancingraisingthesloganNaxalbariEkHi
    Rasta, with the aim of building liberated areas through areawise
    seizure ofpoliticalpower. Fromthisdocumentitisclearthatthe
    Dandakaranya Special Zonal Committee of CPI (Maoist) a banned
    organisationmadeincitementtowageaagainsttheGovernmentand
    choose a way of naxal with slogan Naxalbari Ek Hi Rasta and
    oppose the scheme of Government i.e. Operation Green Hunt.
    From this document it further reveals that Gudsa Usendi,
    Spokesperson of Dandakaranya Special Zonal Committee, CPI
    (Maoist)haswrittensloganNaxalbariEkHiRastaanddecidedJuly
    28 is an important day to commemorate the sacrifices of all the
    Martyrstofurthertheactivitiesoforganization.

    976] AdocumentatPageno.99ofExh.267titledasConceptof
    Revolutionary Mass Organizations (RMOs) reveals that no
    revolutioncanadvanceuntilandunlessthevastmassesaremobilized
    toactivelyparticipateonamassscaleinitandnotmerelystayas
    passiveobservers.FromthisdocumentitisclearthatCPI(Maoist)
    is conducting armed struggle and attempting to commit offences
    underterroristactandtofurthertheactivitiesoforganizationandto
    supporttheterroristorganization.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    791 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    977] A document at page no.114 of Exh.267 titled as


    ExpressingSolidaritywithCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist)
    wherein it is appealed to continue on the path of Comrade Azad,
    spokespersonforCommunistPartyofIndia(Maoist).Thisdocument
    shows the further activities of the organization against the
    Government.

    978] AdocumentatPagenos.119ofExh.267isaninterviewof
    accusedno.6SaibabaunderthetitleasMaoiststrategyinIndia
    andfromthesaiddocumentitisclearthataccusedno.6Saibabais
    the deputy secretary ofthe RevolutionaryDemocratic Front,an all
    IndianFederationofrevolutionaryorganizationsandwasworkingfor
    theexpansionoftheorgainsationtofurtheritsactivities.

    979] Adocumentatpageno.183ofExh.267havingpath Ex
    4/cy47513Ex4/c/on Azad is a Press statement of Communist
    PartyofIndia(Maoist)CentralCommitteeNorthRegionalBureauis
    abouttheredsalutestoMartyrscom.Azadandcom.HemPandey
    andsuggestedtotakerevengeforthekillingsofthecomradesbythe
    khakiclad(i.e.Police)fascistgangsofAPGovernmentandallegations
    are made against the AndhraPradeshGovernment about killingof
    thosecomrades.

    980] A document at page no.210 of Exh.267 titled as


    Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF), The First All India
    Conference is a Press Release dated 23 April 2012 held at
    Hyderabad,Telanganawhichwaswrittenbyaccusedno.6Saibaba,in
    whichitismentionedthatheistheDeputySecretaryofRDF,afrontal
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    792 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    organisation of CPI (Maoist). Some recitals of the document are


    reproducedasunder:

    981] Several important resolutions were passed by the First


    ConferenceofRDFtoday. Theseincludedaresolutioncondemning
    operationGreenHuntandIndianStatesWaronPeopleagainstforced
    displacementofpeoplebytheGovernmentandprivatecorporations
    inthenameofdevelopment,resolutiondemandingtheunconditional
    release of all political prisoners resolution in solidarity with the
    national liberation struggles of Kashmir, Nagalim, Manipur, Aasam
    andotheroppressednationalitiesresolutioncondemningimperialist
    aggression against Iraq, Afganisthan, Iran, Syria, North Korea and
    other sovereign countries. A new AllIndia Committee has been
    electedbytheConferenceconsistingofeighteenexecutivemembers
    fromthirteenStates.

    982] AdocumentatArticle159ofExh.267isareviseddraftas
    per EC suggestions titled as, Draft Manifesto of Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF). TheconstitutiondraftofRevolutionary
    Democratic Front (RDF) shows that there are different types of
    organizations in different States which are (a) Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF)inEnglish,(b)KrantikariJanwadiMorcha
    (RDF) in Hindi and (c) in different states the name of the
    organisationshouldbewrittenintherespectivelanguagesbutRDF
    shouldbekeptwithinbrackets.

    983] Fromallthesedocumentsitrevealsthataccusednos.1to
    6weretheactivemembersofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)and
    itsfrontalorganizationRDFandtheywereassociatedthemselvesor
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    793 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    professedtobeassociatedwithaterroristorganizationwithintention
    to further its activities in the different State of India and in other
    countries.

    DocumentsshowingthefurtheractivitiesofCPI(Maoist)India
    withfraternalorganizationsofothercountriesfoundinthe
    electronicgadgets(Arts.1to41)seizedfromthehousesearchof
    accusedno.6Saibaba.

    984] A document at page no.136 of Exh.267 titled as


    PrabhathamwillnotdieshowsthatthegenocideinSriLankaon
    Tamils is the continuation of aggression on the fighting people of
    Pelestine,AfghanistanandIraqanditisallegedthatthisgenocideon
    the Eelam struggle under the leadership of V Prabhakaran was
    supportedbyIndianGovernment.

    985] AdocumentatPageno.137ofExh.267undertheheadof
    Office of the Prime Minister Transnational Government of Tamil
    Eelam,875,AvenueoftheAmericas,Suite1001,NewYork,NY1001,
    USA,dated19February2011titledasWesharethisJoyfulmoment
    withthepeopleofEgypt!.

    986] AdocumentatPageno.139ofExh.267undertheheadof
    Office of the Prime Minister Transnational Government of Tamil
    Eelam,875,AvenueoftheAmericas,Suite1001,NewYork,NY1001,
    USA, dated 8 March 2011 titled as Vehement condemnation of
    Despicable Attack on Member of Parliament Sivagunanam in Sri
    Lanka!.
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    794 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    987] CPI(Maoist)Indiasuggestedtoconductadebatewithin
    theMaoistcampsworldwideandtothateffectitismentionedinthe
    saidletterthatWearesendingthisOpenLettertoyourPartysoasto
    conductapolemicaldebatebothwithinyourPartyandtheMaoist
    revolutionary camp worldwide. This step has become necessary
    becauseoftheveryseriousdevelopmentsthathavetakenplaceinthe
    courseofdevelopmentoftherevolutioninNepalthathaveabearing
    on our understanding of imperialism and proletarian revolution as
    wellasthestrategytacticstobepursuedbyMaoistrevolutionariesin
    the contemporary world; there is also serious deviation from the
    ideology of MLM. Hence these are no more the internal matters
    concerningyourPartyalone.

    988] ThereismentionofNaxalbariinthesaidopenletterby
    CPI (Maoist) India to the Comrades of CPI (Maoist) from other
    countries.

    989] Fromallthesedocumentsitrevealsthattheaccusednos.1
    to 6 associated themselves or professed to be associated with a
    terroristorganizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF
    withintentiontofurtheractivitiesofCPI(Maoist)Indiawithfraternal
    organizationsofothercountries.

    990] Inordertoprovetheincitementonthepartofaccused,
    prosecutionreliedonfollowingvideoclipsfoundinelectronicgadgets
    (Arts.1to41)seizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba:

    a] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    795 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    LAAL/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_2 armed naxals in


    uniformsareseencomingforgatheringforfunction
    in jungle and greeting each other and many red
    banners are seen and on one banner name of
    comrade Janki (Anuradha Gandhi) Amar Rahe is
    seen and further the gathered armed naxals and
    other peoples shouted the slogans as Bharat ki
    Communist Party Maowadi Zindabad,Bharat kiNav
    Janwadi Kranti Zindabad and killing of police
    personsbyarmednaxalsisseen.

    b] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/ VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3 armed naxals in
    uniformsareseentakingtrainingandexercisingin
    jungleandbackgroundsoundofCPI(Maoist)party
    spokespersonAazadplayedandhestatesaboutthe
    CPI (Maoist) armed strength and their tactics and
    furthertheinterviewsofonenaxalabouttheKudru
    ambushandCPI(Maoist)promotionalvideoisseen
    howtheambushonpolicepartyisexecuted.

    c] In the videoclip having path Exh.16/(1)


    NAXILISTES/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1armednaxalsin
    uniform are seen walking in jungle and they are
    campaigningandattendingpublicmeetingshowing
    naxaltacticsinjungle.

    d] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_20
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    796 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    10/Kutul_Maad/kutul bhoomkal_2010 armed


    naxalsinuniformsalongwiththevillagersareseen
    gatheredinjungletocelebratethe10thanniversary
    ofBhoomkalandtheyareshoutingwiththeslogans
    as Lal Salam, Mahan Bhoomkal Zindabad, Mahan
    Bhoomkal Shahidonko Lal Salam and further one
    armed naxal seen addressing to the gathering of
    around2000to3000peoplesandarmednaxals.

    e] In the videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_20
    10/Vayanar_ EBT/1/ DSCN4236, armed naxals in
    uniformsalongwiththevillagersareseengathered
    injungleareshoutingwiththeslogansasJantana
    sarkar ko majbut karo,Dandkaranyako aadhar
    elakeme badal dalo,Bharat ki communist party
    maowadizindabad.

    f] In the videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_20
    10/Vayanar_EBT/2/Bhoomakal_2010, armed
    naxalsinuniformsalongwiththevillagersareseen
    marching in jungle with red coloured banners and
    flags and some green coloured dressed girls seen
    dancingandsingingonthestage.Furtheritisseen
    around 2 to 3 thousand villagers gathering along
    with armed CPI (Maoist) naxals and one naxal
    speaksandmanyredcolouredbannersandpictures,
    naxal martyr monument is seen around there and
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    797 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    furtheritisseenthatCPI(Maoist)armednaxalsare
    dancing andonenaxaltakesvideoshootingofthe
    dance.

    g] In the videoclip having path Exh.3/films/


    S1/RDF/1/video_TS, VTS _01_1 accused no.6
    Saibaba is seen taking part and others are singing
    song on death of Shankar and singing slogans Lal
    Salam Lal Salam. Slogan Lal Salam is used by
    naxalsandmembersofbannedorganisationRDFand
    hence it is clearthataccusedno.6isamemberof
    banned organisation CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organisation RDF and inciting the people with
    slogansLalSalamLalSalam.

    h] InvideocliphavingpathExh.3/films/s1/RDF
    /1/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1, somemenandwomen
    raised the slogans as Shahidonko Lal Salam,
    Navjanwadi Kranti Zindabad, Ek Hi Rasta Ek Hi
    RastaNaxalbariEkHiRasta.ThesloganNaxalbari
    Ek Hi Rasta raised in this video is resolved as a
    sloganofRDFinArt.157titledasJointMeetingof
    AIPRFandSFPRwrittenbyRajkishoreSecretaryof
    Adhoc Executive Committee Revolutionary
    DemocraticFront(RDF)on20thMay2005.

    i] In videoclip having path Exh.3/films/s1/RDF /


    2/VIDEO_ TS/VTS_01_1, the dignitaries from
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    798 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    differentpartsincludingaccusedno.6G.N. Saibaba
    is seen on dais along with Sayad Gilani, and
    explaining about themanifestoofRDFandfurther
    accused no.6 Saibaba have seen supporting the
    Navjanvadi Kranti, further he have invited Arun
    PareiratoreleasethebookSCRIPTINGTHECHANGE
    WRITTENBYANURADHAGANDHYandhasreleased
    thebook.Fromthecontentsofthisvideoitisclear
    that Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) is also
    knownasKrantikariJanwadiMorcha(RDF)inHindi
    language and this fact is mentioned in draft
    manifestoArt.159writtenbyaccusedno.6Saibaba.

    j] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/VIDEO _TS/VTS_01_1 armed naxals in
    uniformsareseenwalkinginjungleandbackground
    sound of CPI (Maoist) Party spokesperson Aazad
    played and states that Maoism teaches usthat self
    preservation is possible only through war. This
    shows that accused no.6 Saibaba is working to
    influencethepeopleforjoiningthewaragainstthe
    Governmentandincitingthepeople.

    k] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/ VIDEO _TS/VTS_01_2 armed naxals in
    uniformsareseencomingforgatheringforfunction
    in jungle and greeting each other also many red
    bannersareseenandonone banneritisseen the
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    799 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    namecomradeJanki(AnuradhaGandhi)AmarRahe
    and further the gathered armed naxals and other
    peoplesshoutedtheslogansasBharatkiCommunist
    Party Maowadi Zindabad, Bharat ki Nav Janwadi
    KrantiZindabadandencounterbyarmednaxalsin
    whichpolicepersonswerekilledisseen.Contentsof
    the said video shows that the members of CPI
    (Maoist) and its frontal organisation RDF are
    propagatingtheterroristactandunlawfulactivities
    amongstthepeopleinwhichpolicepersonnelwere
    killed by them and accused no.6 Saibaba has
    promotedthesaidunlawfulactivitiestoinciteorabet
    thepeople

    l] In videoclip having path Exh.8/(1)MATI_KE


    LAAL/ VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_3 armed naxals in
    uniformsareseentakingtrainingoffiringinjungle
    and background sound of CPI (Maoist) party
    spokespersonAazadplayedandhestatesaboutthe
    CPI (Maoist) armed strength and their tactics the
    interviewsofonenaxalabouttheKudruambushand
    CPI (Maoist) promotional video is seen how the
    ambushonpolicepartyisexecuted.Thesaidvideo
    clipisfoundinpossessionofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    which shows that the revolutionary movement is
    strengtheningthestrugglesandinitiativethroughthe
    people's war against Government through activities
    ofCPI(Maoist).
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    800 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    m] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_20
    10/Kutul_Maad/ kutul bhoomkal _2010 armed
    naxalsinuniformsalongwiththevillagersareseen
    gatheredinjungletocelebratethe10thanniversary
    ofBhoomkalandtheyareshoutingwiththeslogans
    as Lal Salam, Mahan Bhoomkal Zindabad, Mahan
    Bhoomkal Shahidonko Lal Salam. Contents of the
    video shows the activities of the naxals with the
    villagerstopropagatetherevolutionaryideologyand
    strategy of armed struggle of banned organisation
    CPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationRDF.

    n] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_20
    10/Vayanar_EBT/1/DSCN4236, armednaxalsin
    uniformsalongwiththevillagersareseengathered
    in jungle are shouting withthe slogansas Jantana
    sarkar ko majbut karo, Dandkaranyako aadhar
    elakeme badal dalo,Bharat ki communist party
    maowadi zindabad. Contents of the video shows
    aboutstrengtheningtherevolutionarystruggle.

    o] In videoclip having path Exh.4/OLD


    EHD/OGH/DKMATTERS/Bhoomkalprogramme_20
    10/Vayanar_EBT/2/Bhoomakal_ 2010, armed
    naxalsinuniformsalongwiththevillagersareseen
    marching in jungle with red coloured banners and
    flags and some green coloured dressed girls seen
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    801 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    dancingandsingingonthestage.Itisseenaround2
    to3thousandvillagersgatheringalongwitharmed
    CPI(Maoist)naxalsandonenaxalspeaksandmany
    red coloured banners and pictures, naxal martyr
    monumentisseenaroundthereanditisseenthat
    CPI (Maoist) armed naxals are dancing and one
    naxaltakesvideoshootingofthedance.

    p] In videoclip having path Exh.3/RDF


    Conference video/9DVD/VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_4,
    comrade Rajkishore is seen declaring new office
    bearersoftheRDFandfurthercomradeVaravararao
    declaresasaPresident,comradeGhantiprasadamas
    aVicePresidentandaccusedno.6Saibabadeclares
    as a Joint Secretary along with comrade Jeetan
    Marandi who was in jail, also declares as a Joint
    Secretary, comrade Ajay as a Treasurer. From the
    contents of the video it is clear that accused no.6
    Saibaba was declared as Joint Secretary including
    othermembersofRDF.

    991] On viewing above videoclips it is clear that the armed


    naxalsofCPI(Maoist)wereparticipatinginsingingthesongswhile
    dancingandsomeofthemwerearmedwithgunsalongwithbanners
    ofRDF,afrontalorganizationofCPI(Maoist)intheirhandsandthey
    wereattendingthemeetingsandfoundaddressingpeopletojointhe
    organizationtosupporttheterroristorganizationCPI(Maoist)andits
    frontal organization RDF to further its activities against the
    Government.Afterconsideringtheabovetextdocuments,videoclips
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    andphotographsitisclearthattheaccusednos.1to6weremembers
    of CPI (Maoist) and its frontal organization RDF and they were
    holdingmeetingsforbannedorganisationandaddressingthepeople
    andincitingthepeopleforresortingtheviolenceandcreatepublic
    disorder and sending and receiving vital communication for
    strengtheningtheirorganizationfordoingtheterroristactasdefined
    underSection15ofUAPA.Hence,itisclearthataccusednos.1to6
    weretheactivemembersofbannedorganisationCPI(Maoist)andits
    frontal organization and they have supported the terrorist
    organisation with intention to further the activities of terrorist
    organizationbyarrangingandmanagingthemeetingsandassisted
    themembersofbannedorganizationtofurthertheterroristactivities.
    Assuchprosecutionhasprovedthecasefortheoffencepunishable
    u/s38and39ofUAPAreadwithSection120BofIPCagainstaccused
    nos.1to6.

    992] After considering entire oral, documentary and


    circumstantialevidenceonrecordtheprosecutionhasprovedbeyond
    reasonabledoubtfollowingfactsandcircumstancesagainstaccused
    nos.1 to 6 who are active members of banned organization CPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF:

    I] Thaton22.8.2013accusednos.1MaheshTirki,
    No.2 Pandu Narote and No.3 Hem Mishra were
    arrestedatnearAheriBusStandatsecludedplace
    andpersonalsearchofaccusednos.1MaheshTirki,
    No.2PanduNaroteandNo.3HemMishrawastaken
    byPoliceOfficerP.W.10AnilBadgujarandfromthe
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    personalsearchofaccusedno.3HemMishra,16GB
    memorycardofsandiskcompanyandkodakcamera
    and other articles (i.e. Arts.20 to 38) have been
    recovered.

    II] From the personal search of accused no.1


    MaheshTirkiarticleslike,threepamphletsregarding
    banned CPI (Maoist) organization, one Micromax
    company mobile, one pocket purse containing
    Rs.60/, platform ticket dated 28521013 were
    found. Thereafter, from the possession of accused
    no.2 Pandu Narote, platform ticket of Ballarsha
    Railway dated 2852013, one mobile of Samsung
    company, and cash of Rs.1400/ and his election
    identitycardandschoolleavingandbirthcertificate
    were found and those were seized under seizure
    panchanamaatExh.137.

    III] During investigation, accused nos.1 Mahesh


    and No.2 Pandu expressed their desire to make
    confessional statements before the Magistrate and
    accordinglytheywereproducedbeforetheJ.M.F.C.,
    Aheri (P.W.21 Nileshwar Vyas) and thereafter after
    complyingtheprovisionsofSection164oftheCr.P.C.
    and Criminal Manual framed by the Honourable
    HighCourt,J.M.F.C.,Aheri(P.W.21NileshwarVyas)
    recorded confessional statements of accused nos.1
    Mahesh and No.2 Pandu and in their confessional
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    statement both accused nos.1 Mahesh and No.2


    PanduNarotestatedthatpriortoincidentforthree
    tofourtimesattheinstanceofundergroundlady
    naxal Narmadakka they had been to Ballarsha
    Railway Station to receive the members ofbanned
    organization to take them safely within the forest
    area of Gadchiroli District to have meeting with
    underground naxal leaders and on 22.8.2013 they
    had been to Ballarsha Railway Station to receive
    accusedno.3HemMishraandtotakehiminforest
    areaofGadchirolitohavemeetingwithunderground
    lady naxal Narmadakka and when they came at
    Aheri Bus Stop they were caught by police and
    defence of the accused that accused no.3 Hem
    MishraatBallarshaRailwayStationisappearstobe
    false.

    V] The Confessional Statements of accused no.1


    Mahesh Tirki and no.2 Pandu Narote are
    corroborated by the evidence of P.W.9 Raju Atram
    whoinhisexaminationdeposedthatattheinstance
    ofladynaxalNarmadakkahehadbeentoBallarsha
    RailwayStationon29.5.2013alongwithRs.5lakhs
    whichweregivenbyladynaxalNarmadakkatobe
    handedovertomembersofbannedorganizationand
    when he went at Ballarsha Railway Station
    alongwithcashamountofRs.5lakhson29.5.2013
    accused no.1 MaheshTirki andno.2Pandu Narote
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    werepresentthereandaccusedno.2PanduNarote
    cameandtookthemoneyandhandedoveramount
    ofRs.5lakhstothemembersofbannedorganization
    atBallarshaRailwayStation.

    From the above Confessional Statements


    ofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarote
    andseizureofnaxalpamphletsArts.139to141from
    accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki it is clear that accused
    no.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotemaintained
    livecontactswithundergroundnaxalsandmembers
    of banned organization CPI(Maoist)anditsfrontal
    organization RDF and as such they are active
    membersofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)andits
    frontalorganisationRDF.

    VI] The prosecution has proved that during


    house search of accused no.6 Saibabai extensive
    electronicgadgets(Articles1to41)i.e.CDs,DVDs,
    pendrives, memorycard, harddiscs containing
    writing text of speeches and video clips of naxal
    leaderandactivistsexhortingviolenceandrevolution
    againsttheGovernmentestablishedbylawbymeans
    of armed rebellion were seized and from the
    possession of accused no.3 Hem Mishra 16 GB
    memorycardcontainingelectronicdataintextformat
    inciting people and the members of banned
    organization to resort to violence and cause public
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    disorderandlettersaddressedtoundergroundnaxal
    by accused no.6 Saibaba for taking guidance for
    strenghtening the banned organization RDF were
    seized.

    VII] From the videoclips found in the hard


    discs,CD,DVDseizedfromhousesearchofaccused
    no.6 Saibaba, it is clear that he was a Assistant
    Secretary, Deputy Secretary, Joint Secretary and, at
    presentheisVicePresidentofRDF,whichisfrontal
    organizationofCPI(Maoist)bannedorganizationand
    inseveralvideoclipsaccusednos.3HemMishra,no.4
    PrashantRahiandno.6Saibabawerefoundattending
    meeting conducted by RDF, which is frontal
    organizationofbannedCPI(Maoist)organization.

    VIII] There are several letters addressed


    byaccusedno.6Saibabasometimeinhisownname
    andsometimebyhispseudonamePrakashtothe
    membersofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)andits
    frontalorganizationRDF.ThedocumentatPageno.1
    ofExh.267SecretaryReportclearlyshowsthatRDF
    is hardly working for release of members of CPI
    (Maoist) and several letters written by members of
    CPI(Maoist)totheComradeswerefoundinthehard
    disc seized from the house search of accused no.6
    Saibaba. Further, accused no.6 Saibaba addressed
    several letters to fraternal organization of other
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    countriesonbehalfofCPI(Maoist). Fromthisitis
    clear that RDF is a frontal organization of CPI
    (Maoist).

    IX] FromtheCDRdetailsofmobileSIM
    card bearing Nos.9873877513 and 8860601278
    belongingtoaccusedno.3HemMishra,mobileSIM
    card bearing No.8800100490 belonging to accused
    no.6 Saibaba and mobile SIM card bearing
    No.8394875017belongingtoaccusedno.4Prashant
    Rahi, it is clear that on 12122012,572013,87
    2013,972013,3172013,332013,842013,47
    2013,1592012,1072013,282013,1392012,4
    72013and1482013theywerecontactedwitheach
    other and last location of their mobiles was in
    premisesofDelhiUniversityandthereafteraftertwo
    days accusednos.4Prashant Rahi and5VijayTirki
    werefoundinGadchiroli.

    X] It is important to note that in the


    statementrecordedu/s313ofCr.P.Cofaccusednos.1
    to6theymerelydeniedthatnothingwasseizedfrom
    theirpossessionandtheelectronicdatacontainedin
    electronic gadgets is false, fabricated and
    manipulated and further accused nos.3, 4 and 6
    denied that they have any contact with each other
    andthesaiddenialisfalseoneasfromCDRofmobile
    SIM of accusednos.3,4and6it isclear that they
    wereincontactwitheachother.Inthepresentcase
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    accused have been charged for the offence of


    conspiracyu/s120BofIPCandSec.18ofUAPA. In
    provingthe offence ofconspiracydirect evidenceis
    hardly available and conspiracy is to be proved by
    circumstantialevidence.

    993] It is well settled that when the case is based upon


    circumstantialevidencemeredenialorfalsestatementbyaccusedu/s
    313 Cr.P.C. is considered to be additional link and this has been
    observedbytheApexCourtincaseofRaviralaLaxmaiahvs.State
    ofAndhraPradeshreportedin(2013)9SupremeCourtCases283
    whereinitisobservedthat
    A. Criminal Trial Circumstantial Evidence
    FailuretoexplainincriminatingcircumstancesIsan
    additional link to chain of circumstances False
    explanationornoexplanationofferedbyaccusedto
    incriminating circumstance put to him When
    accused is last seen with deceased in his house,
    accused is dutybound to explain circumstances
    under which deceased died Failure to explain or
    false explanation would create a strong suspicion
    about guilt of accused Criminal Procedure Code,
    1973,S.313.

    994] In view of above prosecution has proved beyond


    reasonable doubt that accused no.1 to 6 on or prior to 12.9.2013
    within India hatched criminal conspiracy to wage war against the
    Government of India and to collect people with the intention of
    wagingwaragainsttheGovernmentofIndia,tooverawebymeansof
    criminalforcetheGovernmentofMaharashtraandtheGovernment
    ofIndia,toshakeandreducethefaithofthecommoncitizeninits
    democratic Government by large scale violence destruction oflives
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    and property and thereby destabilize the system of Government


    established by law, to organize the spread of secessionist and
    rebelliousthoughtsbyholdingconvertandsecretmeetings,tocollect
    money in India for achieving the objects of the said criminal
    conspiracy by illegal means, to continue unlawful activities of
    Communist Party of India (Maoist) and its front organization
    RevolutionaryDemocraticFront,forachievingtheobjectsofcriminal
    conspiracy, to continue the activities of Terrorist Gang, banned
    terroristorganizationorunlawfulassociation,singlyorjointlyasa
    memberoftheTerrorist Gang&bannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)
    anditsfrontalorganisationRDF toconspire,advocate,incite,abet
    and knowingly facilitate the commission of a terrorist act and
    unlawfulactivitiesbyuseofviolenceorotherunlawfulmeans,totake
    partorcommitoradvocate,abetorincitethecommissionofunlawful
    activities,beingthememberofabannedTerroristGang.

    995] ItisprovedthataccusedNo.1MaheshTirki,no.2Pandu
    Narote and no.4 Prashant Rahi in pursuance to the criminal
    conspiracy with accused no.3 Hem Mishra and no.6 Saibaba were
    found in possession of naxal literatures, pamphlets, letters,
    correspondence, audiovideo, electronic material which were to be
    usedforincitingthepeopletocreateviolencetocausepublicdisorder
    andaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNaroteandno.5Vijay
    TirkiwerereceivingthemembersofbannedterroristorganizationCPI
    (Maoist) and its frontal organization RDF and were taking them
    safelyandsecretlytoforestareawithintheGadchirolidistricttomeet
    absconding underground naxals. Further they possessed naxal
    literature,pamphlets,letters,correspondence,videoclipswhichwere
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    tobeusedforincitingpeopletocauseviolenceandpublicdisorder
    and their activities were with intention to further the activities of
    bannedorganizationCPImaoistanditsfrontalorganizationRDFand
    theyshoweddisaffectiontowardstheCentralGovernmentandState
    ofMaharashtraandtheprosecutionhasprovedthecaseagainstthe
    accusednos.1to6fortheoffencespunishableunderSection13,18,
    20,38,and39ofUAPAreadwithSection120BofIndianPenalCode
    againstaccusednos.1to6beyondallreasonabledoubtsastheyare
    activemembersofbannedorganizationCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontal
    organizationRDFandtheprosecutionalsoprovedthatvalidsanction
    hasbeenaccorded inSessionsCaseno.13/2014andSessionCase
    no.130/2015.ForalltheabovereasonsIanswerPointNos.1to6in
    theaffirmative.

    996] Asaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNarote,no.3
    HemMishra,no.4PrashantRahi,no.5VijayTirkiandno.6Saibaba
    havebeenfoundguiltyfortheoffencespunishableunderSections13,
    18,20,38and39ofUAPAr/wSection120BofIPCandasoffence
    u/s18UAPAr/w120BofIPCandoffenceu/s20UAPAr/w120Bof
    IPCarepunishableuptolifeimprisonment,Itakepausetohearthe
    accusednos.1to6onthepointofsentence.Accusednos.1to6were
    apprisedwiththefactthattheywouldgettimeformakingsubmission
    onthepointofsentencebuttheyhavefiledapplicationatExh.493
    andsubmittedthattheydon'twanttimeforhearingonthepointof
    sentence. AdvocateShriGadlingforaccusednos.1to4and6and
    Advocate Shri Samaddar for accused no.5 Vijay submitted that
    accused do not want time for making submission on the point of
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    sentenceandprayedforpassingorderofsentence. Hence,Iheard
    theaccusednos.1to6onthepointofsentence.
    Sd/
    Date:7.3.2017 (SuryakantS.Shinde)
    SessionsJudge,Gadchiroli
    Date7.3.2017,1.00p.m.

    997] Accused no.1 Mahesh Tirki submitted that he is an


    agriculturist, he has wife, daughter, two sons, mother and father
    dependinguponhim.Hence,heprayedthatleniencymaybeshown
    inthematterofawardingthesentence.

    998] Accused no.2 Pandu Narote submitted that he is an


    agriculturist, he has wife, daughter, mother and father depending
    upon him. Hence, he prayed that leniency may be shown in the
    matterofawardingthesentence.

    999] Accused no.3 Hem Mishra submitted that he does not


    wanttosayanything.

    1000] Accusedno.4PrashantRahisubmittedthathedoes
    notwanttosayanything.

    1001] Accusedno.5VijayTirkisubmittedthathedoesnot
    wanttosayanything.

    1002] Accusedno.6Sabibabasubmittedthathedoesnot
    wanttosayanything.
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    1003] ThelearnedAdvocateShriGadlingonbehalfofthe
    accusedforaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2PanduNarote,no.3Hem
    Mishra, no.4 Prashant Rahi and no.6 Saibaba and Advocate Shri
    Samaddarforaccusedno.5VijayTirkisubmittedthattheydon'twant
    tosubmitanythingonthepointofsentenceandleftthematteratthe
    discretionoftheCourt.

    1004] Learned Spl. P.P. Shri Sathianathan submitted that


    from 31.12.2008 till todayseveralinnocent personswere killedby
    naxalsonsuspicionthattheyarepoliceinformers. Furtherseveral
    policepersonnelwerekilledinthefiringtookplacebetweennaxals
    and police. Further huge public property was either damaged,
    destroyedandburntbythenaxalsduringtheperiodfrom31.12.2008
    tilltoday.Hence,heprayedforgrantingmaximumpunishmentoflife
    imprisonmentforanoffencepunishableu/s18UAPAr/w120Bof
    IPC and u/s 20 r/w 120B of IPC and maximum punishment for
    offenceu/s13,38and39ofUAPAr/w120BofIPC.

    Caseadjournedto3.00p.m.forpassingsentence.
    Sd/
    Date:7.3.2017 (SuryakantS.Shinde)
    SessionsJudge,Gadchiroli
    Date7.3.2017
    Resumedat3.00p.m.

    1005] Beforeproceedingfurtheritisnecessarytobearin
    mindtheexactnatureoftheMaoistmovementinIndiaandforthat
    the documents and records found in possession of the accused
    themselvescanbelookedinto
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    MaoistMovementinIndia

    1006] InthepresentcaseatPageno.41ofExh.267thereis
    a document which is retrieved from the harddisc seized from the
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba titled as Interview with
    G.N.Saibaba on the Revolutionary and Democratic Movements in
    IndiaByKaFrank.Inthesaidinterviewaccusedno.6Saibabastated
    abouttheoriginofMaoistMovementinIndia. Inreplytoquestion
    no.3,whataccusedno.6Saibabahasstatedisreproducedasunder:

    The Naxalite movement emerged in the late


    1960sasaresponsetothemostoppressivesemifeudal,
    semicolonial state that was put in place after the
    transfer of power fromtheBritishcolonialiststothe
    Indian feudal and comprador ruling classes. The
    Naxalite movement should also be seen as a process
    thatpermanentlychangedthepoliticalscenarioofthe
    peoples movements by defining and establishing the
    pathofIndianrevolution.

    ThewordNaxalitecameafterthenameofthevillage
    wherethefirststepstowardsarmedmobilizationwas
    initiatedundertheleadershipofCharuMazumdar.In
    May 1967 a village called Naxalbari in Jalpaiguri
    districtofNorthBengalroseinrevolt.Simultaneously,
    under the leadership of Kanai Chatterjee, the poor
    peasantsandtribal/indigenouspeopleborderingthe
    states of BengalBihar started organizing themselves.
    Thisregionalsodevelopedintoamightyrevolutionary
    movement.

    Thispathbreakingeventisalsothebeginningofthe
    polarizationoftherevolutionaryforcesononesideand
    the revisionist forces on the other from among the
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    communist parties and groups that existed by then


    throughoutIndia.ThatswhyitwascalledtheSpring
    Thunder. No sooner than the revolt of the tribal
    peasants in North Bengal shook the world did the
    sparks of Naxalbari spreading the prairie fire of
    revolutioninasmanyas600regionsinIndia.

    ThenatureofthecommunistmovementinIndiahas
    completely changed with the rise of the Naxalbari
    revolutionary peasant struggle. The Indian
    revolutionariesforthefirsttimeunderstoodthenature
    of Indian revolution. Revolutionaries started
    organizing the more oppressed sections of the rural
    peasantry the landless and poor peasants, which in
    Indiancontextmeantthedalitsandadivasisofthevast
    backward countryside. The RDF works among the
    broad sections of the masses spreading the
    revolutionary message. Ever since the Naxalbari
    rebellion, the poorest of the poor have come to the
    centrestageofthepeoplesmovementinIndia.

    1007] Initially,thesaidmovementwasdirectedagainstthe
    Landlords and moneylenders. However, because of serious
    ideological differenceswithin the movement soonresultedin splits
    and countersplits, with the Peoples War, which later became the
    Maoist Party, emerging as the most influential of all factions.
    Althoughallfactionsbelievedinaprotractedarmedstruggleagainst
    the State, they differed in their approaches, methods and
    understanding of the complex sociopolitical formations and
    conditions on ground. Thus, while the leader of each ideological
    factionwasanameofreputeandsacrifice.

    1008] Thereisanotherinterviewofaccusedno.6Saibaba
    atPageno.119ofExh.267.BythattimehewasDeputySecretaryof
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    RDF. In the said interview at Page no.127 he had given the


    development of Maoist Organisation under the different names.
    Thesearereproducedasunder:

    Thelargestgroupsin1972wasformedunder
    the leadershipofChandraPullaReddy.Thisgroup
    argued for peoples resistance first. There was
    another groupundertheleadershipofTNReddy.
    Thesearguedalsoforpeoplesresistancefirst.Both
    argued for parliamentary participation. The third
    majorgroupwasCPI(ML)Liberation,ledbyMishra.
    These were centristonthese questions.Theywere
    developed a peasants movement in Bihar and
    continuedwitharmedstruggleforawhile.During
    that time there was also a group led by
    Ramanatham. He argued that India is not semi
    feudal but capitalist. He formed the Communist
    League of India (ML). The others are those that
    believedinarmedstrugglefromthebeginning:CPI
    (ML)PeoplesWarinthesouthofIndia,intheNorth,
    theotherpartywastheMaoistcoordinationcenter
    (MCC). ThethirdgroupwasCPI(ML)PartyUnity.
    TheyalsostartedinBihar.Thesewereformedbythe
    1980s.

    There are two more groups formed by the 1980s:


    ProvisionalCentralCommittee(ML),andCPI(ML)
    SecondCC.BothoperatedinBengal.Thiswasthe
    situationinthe1980s.

    ThefirstpartythattransformeditsnaturewasCPI
    (ML) Liberation. Initially they argued for armed
    struggle. But stopped and took up peoples
    resistanceandtheparliamentarypath.The1980sis
    the decade when the parties worked among the
    peopleandformedtheirownmassbaseindifferent
    regions.

    Therewasanattemptalreadyin1970tounitethe
    various revolutionary groups into the United
    RevolutionaryParty(URP).Butthreegroupsstayed
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    outside.URPitselfsplitintomanypartsby1972.

    1009] Inthesaidinterviewaccusedno.6Saibabafurther
    statedthatinthe1990stheunificationprocessstartedandtheMCC,
    PeoplesWarandPartyUnityhaddiscussionsforpartyunityandinthe
    unificationprocessPeoplesWarandPartyUnityunitedalongwith,
    andformedCPI(ML)PeoplesWarin1998andtheprocesscontinued
    until2004,thenCPI(Maoist)wasformed.

    1010] Itismentionedinthesaiddocument(Pageno.41of
    Exh.267)thatAIPRFin2005mergedwithothersimilarorganisations
    to form Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF) and from the
    documentatArt.157titledasJointMeetingofAIPRFandSFPR,itis
    clear that the said other similar organisation is SFPR. From the
    document at Art.157 retrieved from the harddisc seized from the
    house search of accused no.6 Saibaba, titled as Joint Meeting of
    AIPRFandSFPR,itisclearfromResolutionno.1thatinthemeeting
    unanimouslyresolvedtounifyAIPRFandSFPRintooneorganization
    withanewnameRevolutionaryDemocraticFront(RDF).

    1011] ThethenPrimeMinisterManmohanSinghdescribed
    MaoistMovementasthegreatestinternalsecuritythreatandthis
    fact is reflected in reply to question no.16of interviewof accused
    no.6SaibabaatPageno.51ofExh.267inwhichhestatedthatthe
    firstuntruthordistortion,ifonewouldliketocallitsoistheso
    calledhijackingofthetrain.Eithertosensationaliseinordertoadd
    some colour to drab news stories, or with the evil intention of
    projectingtheNaxalitesasthebiggestthreattointernalsecurity.
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    1012] Having stated about the condition of the said


    movementnowimpactofitsfunctioningonpeopleatlargeistobe
    takenintoaccount.Whenonepersondiesitisatragedyandwhen
    thousandsdiesitisastatistics. SituationofpeopleinGadchiroli
    District today is that it has become routine part of their lives
    observingtheincidentsofkillingofinnocentpersonsonthesuspicion
    of police informer, police officers and damage and destruction of
    publicpropertyatthehandsofnaxal.Asdiscussedinearlierpartof
    thejudgmentthatCPI(Maoist)anditsfrontalorganisationlikeRDF
    havebeenformedwithainfamoussloganNaxalbariEkHiRasta
    whichhascomeintheDraftManifestoatArt.159retrievedfromthe
    harddiscseizedfromthehousesearchofaccusedno.6Saibaba.The
    ultimate goal of Maoist/Naxal of wresting powers of revolutionary
    means in India. Even Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar, the Father of the
    ConstitutionofIndiawasnotagainsttheideaofRevolutionbuthe
    hademphasizedthatrevolutionshouldbebloodless.Byfollowingthe
    path of Naxalbari Ek Hi Rasta the CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organisationRDFintendedtooverpowertheGovernmentmachineries
    bymeansofviolentactivitiesandarmedrebellion.Itishightimefor
    theseterroristorganisationstothinkchangingoftheofthepathof
    naxalandtocomeinthemainstreamofdemocraticGovernmentas
    saidpathwasalsonotprovedtobesuccessfulinothercountrieslike
    Nepal,ChinaandRussia.ItisfortheCentralGovernmentandState
    Governmenttotakestringentstepstoeradicatethenaxalactivities
    andmovementalloverIndiabecausenowadaysitisnotonlylimited
    tothetribalareabutitisspreadingintheurbanareainmajorcities.
    ThethenPrimeMinisterofIndia,ManmohanSinghsaidthatNaxal
    isthegreatestinternalsecuritythreattoIndia.
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    1013] As observed earlier part of the judgment accused


    nos.1to6areactivemembersofCPIMaoistbannedorganisationand
    itsfrontalorganizationRDFwhichisformedwithinfamousslogan
    NaxalbariEkHiRastaandtheprosecutionhasprovedthataccused
    nos.1to6haveconspiredtogetherforcarryingoutillegalandviolent
    activities of banned organization CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organizationRDFandfurtherfromthedocumentfiledalongwithlist
    atExh.472atSerialno.3thecopyofFIRitisclearthatoffenceis
    registered at Crime no.35/2016 dated 27.12.2016 registered at
    Etapalli Police Station it is clear that conspiracy between accused
    nos.1to6isstillcontinuedand since31.12.2008tilltodayseveral
    innocent persons were killed by naxals on the suspicion of police
    informersandseveralpoliceofficershavebeenkilledbynaxalsand
    hugepublicpropertyhasbeeneitherdestroyed,damagedorburnt.
    The Gadchiroli district has been formed in the year 1982 and the
    StateGovernmenthasdeclaredthewholeGadchirolidistrictasnaxal
    affectedareaon6August2002.AsperGovernmentrecord78%area
    oftheGadchirolidistrictiscomprisedofforest.Itisagoodshelterfor
    naxals. Because of the naxal movement and violent activities in
    GadchirolidistrictthepositionofGadchirolidistricttodayissameas
    it was in the year 1982 and for that the accused nos.1 to 6 and
    members of banned organization CPI (Maoist) and its frontal
    organizationRDFareresponsible.Hence,merelybecausetheaccused
    no.6Saibabais90%disabledisnogroundtoshowhimleniencyand
    thoughheisphysicallyhandicappedbutheismentallyfitandheisa
    think tank and high profile leader of banned organization CPI
    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDFandbytheviolentactivities
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    819 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    of accused nos.1 to 6 and members of banned organization CPI


    (Maoist)anditsfrontalorganizationRDF,thesituationofGadchiroli
    district from 1982 till today is in paralyzed condition and no
    industrialandotherdevelopmentsaretakingplacebecauseoffearof
    naxal and their violent activities. Hence, in my opinion, the
    imprisonment for life is also not a sufficient punishment to the
    accusedbutthehandsoftheCourtareclosedwiththemandateof
    Section18and20ofUAPAandinmyopinionitisafitcasetoaward
    sentenceofimprisonmentoflifetoaccusedno.1MaheshTirki,no.2
    Pandu Narote, no.3 Hem Mishra, no.4 Prashant Rahi and no.6
    Saibabaforoffencepunishableu/s18r/w120BofIPCandu/s20
    r/w120BofIPCandmaximumsentenceofimprisonmentforSection
    13,38and39ofUAPAreadwithSection120BofIPC.

    1014] Inrespectofaccusedno.5VijayTirkionlyasingle
    incidentisprovedagainsthimthathewasfoundtakingaccusedno.4
    Prashant Rhai from Devri Chichgad area to have meeting with
    underground naxal Ramdar in forest area of Gadchiroli. While in
    respectofaccusedno.1MaheshTirkiandno.2PanduNarotethereare
    3to4incidentswheretheyactedasamediatortotakethemembers
    ofbannedorganizationfromBallarsharailwaystationtoforestarea
    ofGadchirolidistricttohavemeetingwithundergroundnaxals. In
    myopinion,therearemitigatingcircumstancesinmatterofawarding
    sentencetoaccusedno.5VijayTirkibutaccusedno.1MaheshTirki
    and no.2 Pandu Narote deserve for deterrent punishment though
    theirpositionisnotdifferentthanaccusedno.5VijayTirkiandinmy
    opinion,followingsentencewouldmeettheendsofjusticeandIpass
    followingorder.
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    820 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    ORDER

    1] Accused no.1 Mahesh Kariman Tirki, resident of


    Murewada,Taluqa:Etapalli,DistrictGadchiroli,accusedno.2Pandu
    Pora Narote, resident of Murewada, Taluqa : Etapalli, District
    Gadchiroli, accused no.3 Hem Keshavdatta Mishra, resident of
    Kunjbargal, Post : Nagarkhan, District : Almoda (Uttarkhand),
    accused no.4 Prashant Rahi Narayan Sanglikar, resident of 87,
    ChandrashekharNagar,Krushikesh,Deharadun,Uttarkhand,accused
    no.5 Vijay Nan Tirki, resident of Beloda, Post P.V.92 Dharampur,
    Taluqa : Pakhanjoor, District Kanker (C.G.) and accused no.6
    Gokalkonda Naga Saibaba, resident of Warden House, Gwair Holl,
    DelhiUniversityRoad,NewDelhihavebeenconvictedasperSection
    235(2)oftheCriminalProcedureCodeforoffencespunishableunder
    Section13,18,20,38,39oftheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,
    1967readwithSection120BoftheIndianPenalCode.

    2] Accusedno.1MaheshKarimanTirki,accusedno.2Pandu
    Pora Narote, accused no.3 Hem Keshavdatta Mishra, accused no.4
    PrashantRahiNarayanSanglikarandaccusedno.6GokalkondaNaga
    SaibabaareconvictedfortheoffencepunishableunderSection13of
    theUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967readwithSection120
    B of the Indian Penal Code and sentenced to suffer Rigorous
    ImprisonmentforSevenYears each andtopayafineof Rs.1000/
    (Rs.OneThousandonly)each andindefaulttosuffer R.I.forSix
    monthseach.

    3] Accusedno.5VijayNanTirkiis convictedfortheoffence
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    821 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    punishableunderSection13oftheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)
    Act, 1967 read with Section 120B of the Indian Penal Code and
    sentencedtosufferRigorousImprisonmentforFourYearsandtopay
    afineofRs.1000/(Rs.OneThousandonly)andindefaulttosuffer
    R.I.forSixmonths.

    4] Accusedno.1MaheshKarimanTirki,accusedno.2Pandu
    Pora Narote, accused no.3 Hem Keshavdatta Mishra, accused no.4
    PrashantRahiNarayanSanglikarandaccusedno.6GokalkondaNaga
    SaibabaareconvictedfortheoffencepunishableunderSection18of
    theUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967readwithSection120
    BoftheIndianPenalCodeandsentencedtosufferImprisonmentfor
    Life each andtopayafineof Rs.1000/(Rs.OneThousandonly)
    eachandindefaulttosufferR.I.forSixmonthseach.

    5] Accusedno.5VijayNanTirkiis convictedfortheoffence
    punishableunderSection18oftheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)
    Act, 1967 read with Section 120B of the Indian Penal Code and
    sentencedtosufferRigorousImprisonmentforTenYearsandtopaya
    fineof Rs.1000/(Rs.OneThousandonly) andindefaulttosuffer
    R.I.forSixmonths.

    6] Accusedno.1MaheshKarimanTirki,accusedno.2Pandu
    Pora Narote, accused no.3 Hem Keshavdatta Mishra, accused no.4
    PrashantRahiNarayanSanglikarandaccusedno.6GokalkondaNaga
    SaibabaareconvictedfortheoffencepunishableunderSection20of
    theUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967readwithSection120
    BoftheIndianPenalCodeandsentencedtosufferImprisonmentfor
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    822 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Life each andtopayafineof Rs.1000/(Rs.OneThousandonly)


    eachandindefaulttosufferR.I.forSixmonthseach.

    7] Accused no.5 Vijay Nan Tirki is convicted for the offence


    punishableunderSection20oftheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)
    Act, 1967 read with Section 120B of the Indian Penal Code and
    sentencedtosufferRigorousImprisonmentforTenYearsandtopaya
    fineof Rs.1000/(Rs.OneThousandonly) andindefaulttosuffer
    R.I.forSixmonths.

    8] Accusedno.1MaheshKarimanTirki,accusedno.2Pandu
    Pora Narote, accused no.3 Hem Keshavdatta Mishra, accused no.4
    PrashantRahiNarayanSanglikarandaccusedno.6GokalkondaNaga
    SaibabaareconvictedfortheoffencepunishableunderSection38of
    theUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967readwithSection120
    B of the Indian Penal Code and sentenced to suffer Rigorous
    ImprisonmentforTenYearseachandtopayafineofRs.1000/(Rs.
    OneThousandonly)eachandindefaulttosufferR.I.forSixmonths
    each.

    9] Accusedno.5VijayNanTirkiis convictedfortheoffence
    punishableunderSection38oftheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)
    Act, 1967 read with Section 120B of the Indian Penal Code and
    sentencedtosufferRigorousImprisonmentforFiveYearsandtopaya
    fineof Rs.1000/(Rs.OneThousandonly) and indefaulttosuffer
    R.I.forSixmonths.

    10] Accusedno.1MaheshKarimanTirki,accusedno.2Pandu
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    823 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Pora Narote, accused no.3 Hem Keshavdatta Mishra, accused no.4


    PrashantRahiNarayanSanglikarandaccusedno.6GokalkondaNaga
    SaibabaareconvictedfortheoffencepunishableunderSection39of
    theUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)Act,1967readwithSection120
    B of the Indian Penal Code and sentenced to suffer Rigorous
    ImprisonmentforTenYearseachandtopayafineofRs.1000/(Rs.
    OneThousandonly)eachandindefaulttosufferR.I.forSixmonths
    each.

    11] Accusedno.5VijayNanTirkiis convictedfortheoffence


    punishableunderSection39oftheUnlawfulActivities(Prevention)
    Act, 1967 read with Section 120B of the Indian Penal Code and
    sentencedtosufferRigorousImprisonmentforFiveYearsandtopaya
    fineof Rs.1000/(Rs.OneThousandonly) andindefaulttosuffer
    R.I.forSixmonths.

    12] Allthesentencesshallrunconcurrently.

    13] Theaccusedno.1MaheshKarimanTirkiwasinJailfrom
    22.8.2013 to 18.11.2014. Hence, he is entitled to set off under
    Section428oftheCriminalProcedureCode.

    14] The accused no.2 Pandu Pora Narote was in Jail from
    22.8.2013 to 18.11.2014. Hence, he is entitled to set off under
    Section428oftheCriminalProcedureCode.

    15] The accused no.3 Hem Keshavdatta Mishra was in Jail


    from22.8.2013to7.9.2015. Hence,heisentitledtosetoffunder
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    824 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    Section428oftheCriminalProcedureCode.

    16] Theaccusedno.4PrashantRahiNarayanSanglikarwasin
    Jailfrom2.9.2013to30.8.2014.Hence,heisentitledtosetoffunder
    Section428oftheCriminalProcedureCode.

    17] The accused no.5 Vijay Nan Tirki was in Jail from
    2.9.2013to18.7.2014.Hence,heisentitledtosetoffunderSection
    428oftheCriminalProcedureCode.

    18] Theaccused no.6GokalkondaNagaSaibaba wasinJail


    from9.5.2014to2.7.2015andfrom25.12.2015to6.4.2016.Hence,
    heisentitledtosetoffunderSection428oftheCriminalProcedure
    Code.

    19] Alltheaccusedtosurrendertheirbailbonds.

    20] Police Station, Aheri is directed to trace absconding


    accusedNarmadakkaandRamdarandtofileseparatechargesheet
    againstthem.

    21] The muddemal property in Muddemal Property


    no.81/2015inSessionsCaseNo.13/20141]Onemobileofmicro
    maxcompany,2]CashamountofRs.60/,onerailwayplatformticket
    ofBallarshaRailwaystationdated28.5.2013,xeroxcopyofelection
    identitycard,3]onemobileofSamsungCompany,4]Cashamountof
    Rs.1480/, xerox copy of election identity card, Registration
    Certificatebookofvehicleno.MH33/K9656,pancardandrailway
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    825 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    platformticketofBallarsharailwaystationdated28.5.2013,5]One
    plastic bag containing passbook of State Bank of India, Birth
    certificateofKarishmaNaroteandBirthcertificateofPanduNarote,
    Caste certificate, School Leaving Certificate, Domicile Certificate,
    xeroxcopyofrationcard,newspaperLokmatandumbrella,6]Cash
    amount Rs.7700/, railway ticket of Delhi to Ballarsha dated
    19.8.2013, ATM card of State Bank of India, Pan Card, election
    identitycard,identitycardofJawaharlalNehruUniversity,identity
    card,Yatricard7]OnecameraofKodakcompanyalongwithcharger,
    8] One sack containing clothes, spect cover, white cap, newspaper
    Sahara dated 19.8.2013, 9] Cash amount of Rs.8819/, Pancard,
    Yatricard, driving license and 12 visitingcards 10] Newspaper
    Dainik Bhaskar dated 1.9.2013, 11] One transparent plastic file
    containingonerailwayticketofSamtaExpressfromNijamuddinto
    Raipur having no.31737002 dated 31.8.2013, four empty packets,
    twoxeroxcopiesofnewspaperDainikBhaskar,someplanepapers,
    eightpagesofnaxalliteraturealongwithtypewrittenpapersofnaxal
    undertrial Narayan alias Vijay alias Navin alias Prasad, 12] One
    mobile of Intex company of silver colour, 13] cash amount of
    Rs.5000/,14]OnenewspaperDainikBhaskardated1.9.2013and
    four pieces of papers on which some phone numbers and the
    information of some places was written, 15] letter of Justice K.
    Balkrishnan,Chairperson,NationalHumanRightCommission,New
    Delhi, dated 31 July 2012, 16] one printed letter of RDF against
    operation green hunt dated 7 June 2012, 17] 15 printed pages
    regarding People Hero Comrade Kishanji, 18] Newsbook by name
    The Arrested, 19] People March dated 8 August 2007, 20]
    MagazinesJanaPratirodhvolume39,41,42,21]Oneprintedbook
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN
    826 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    inTelgulanguage,22]Onecolourphotoofnaxallady,23]Onebook
    of Lal Salam 24] One book showing Prasenbabu Maowadi Nahi
    Hain, 25] One Telgu book having8pages,26]One letter oftwo
    pagesofRDFdated21August2013,27]Onesketchofladyhaving
    the no.7.7.07, 28] One mobile of Nokia company bearing IMEI
    No.356320/05/85244429 containing Vodafone SIM card 29] One
    mobile of Nokia company 359741/04/47915013 and IMEI
    No.2359741/104/479151/3 ofduelSIM,30]OneMobile ofNokia
    company having IMEI No.355931/04/460414/5, 31] SIM card of
    Airtel no.89914904040857278526, 32] One SIM card of Vodafone
    companyno.89911100182011289696,33]OnesealedenvelopeEx
    25{Ex25,25/1}receivedfromCFSL,MumbaiofC.R.No.3017/13,
    CY612/2014,34]OnesealedenvelopeExhibitNo.1toEx.24from
    CFSL Mumbai in C.R.No.3017/13, CY612/2014, 35] One sealed
    Envelope Exhibit No.1 from CFSL Mumbai in C.R.No.3017/13, CY
    446/13,36]OnesealedenvelopeExhibitNo.Annexureharddiscs,
    cy475/13 from CFSL, Mumbai in C.R.No.3017/13, 37] One sealed
    envelope Exhibit No. Annexure hard discs, cy446/13 from CFSL,
    MumbaiinC.R.No.3017/13,38]OnesealedenvelopeExhibitNo.25
    {LAPTOP} from CFSL, Mumbai CY612/2014, C.R.No.3017/13 and
    MuddemalPropertyno.14/2016inSessionsCaseNo.130/2015
    1]Iphoneblackcolourmodelno.A1332EMC3808feeIDBCG.E2
    308Ic579cE23808,2]cashamountofRs.320/and3]registration
    certificateDL2CAK7878 bereturnedtoAheriPoliceStationand
    theyshallfilethesameatthetimeoffilingsupplementarycharge
    sheet against absconding accused persons as and when they are
    arrested.
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    827 S.C.No.13/2014 & 130/2015

    22] The muddemal property electronic gadgets 16 GB


    memorycardofSandiskCompanyatArt.137andCDs,DVDs,pen
    drives, harddiscs etc. at Arts.1 to 41 be returned to Aheri Police
    Stationinsealedconditionandtheyshallfilethesameatthetimeof
    filingofsupplementarychargesheetagainsttheabscondingaccused
    personsasandwhentheyarearrested.

    23] Copy of the judgment be given to accused nos.1 to 6


    separatelyfreeofcosts.

    24] PronouncedinopenCourt.
    Sd/
    Dt/07.03.2017 (SuryakantS.Shinde)
    SessionsJudge,Gadchiroli.

    IaffirmthatthecontentsofthisPDFfileJudgmentare
    samewordforwordasperoriginalJudgment.

    NameofSteno:B.G.Rode,Stenographer(H.G.)
    Courtname:SessionsCourt,Gadchiroli
    DateofPDF:7.3.2017
    JudgmentsignedbyPresidingOfficeron7.3.2017
    Judgmentuploadedon7.3.2017.

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