BE /ME / Ph. D.

Dissertation Format
(General Guidelines)

College of Engineering, Goa

(Government of Goa)
Goa University

BE /ME / Ph. D. Dissertation Format

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Developed by Dr. V. Mariappan,
Faculty, GEC, Farmagudi in September 2003
 (General Guidelines)

1. Presentation
The investigations carried out in a project or thesis as the case be, can be reported in a
number of ways. To maintain the uniformity and consistency of the report and enable
to carry out unbiased assessment, the following proposed guidelines may be adhered
herewith.

2. Sequence
The report may be commenced with a Title Sheet as mentioned in Pages 6 and 8
(follow the line spacing as illustrated), followed by an Approval Sheet as given in
Page no. 7, dedication sheet if desired and an Abstract page (can be limited to 500
words). Then comes the Contents Page followed by a List of Figures, List of Tables,
List of Abbreviations and List of Notations (in alphabetical order). Then only
Chapters may be presented, starting with the first chapter, Introduction giving
justification to the area chosen, followed by Literature Review indicating the research
status at the global level and ending with the last chapter, Conclusion highlighting
gains and limitations of the study undertaken followed by References and appropriate
Appendices if necessary (normally lengthy derivations, data collections and computer
programs mainly the source code will come under Appendices to facilitate the reader).
In case the author/candidate wishes to acknowledge various persons, it can be done
under the heading Acknowledgements which will preferably go as the last item of
the report.
2.1 Abstract
An abstract mainly highlights the methodology used, the contributions made and
gives the overall picture of the study in a concise form. This is preferably restricted to
500 words without figures and tables as far as possible.
2.2 Contents
This primarily facilitates the reader to locate the required item. This shall include upto
sub-sub sections only following the sequence of the presentation. An illustration is
provided in Page no 11.

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2.3 Chapters
The first chapter may necessarily be titled Introduction and it may:
a) introduce the problem chosen with the current status
b) define the scope of the investigation. Sections and sub-sections may be
numbered in the form chapter no.section no.subsection no (refer page no
8)
c) provide the justification of the area chosen
It is recommended to name the last chapter as Conclusion and necessarily devoted
to a critical evaluation of the results highlighting specific contributions made.
2.4 References
There are many ways to list out the references. For the sake of uniformity the
Harward style (generally followed worldwide) as given below may be followed.
Please see the illustration provided in Page no 11.
2.4.1 Journals
Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial. and Surname, Initial. (year), title, Name of the
Journal, Vol ( ) No ( ), pp. xx-xx
2.4.2 Conferences
Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial. and Surname, Initial. (year), title, Name of the
conference, place, pp. xx-xx
2.4.3 Text book
Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial. and Surname, Initial. (year), Name of the book,
Publisher, Place.
2.4.3 Edited articles
Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial. and Surname, Initial. (year), Title of the book,
Surname, Initial of the first author (Ed.), Title, Publisher, Place, pp. xx-xx.

These references may be arranged in the alphabetical order for easier identification.
Citation of the references may be made with the surname of the first and second
author (year). In case of more than two authors it may be mentioned with surname of
the first author followed by et al (year). The et al is to be Italic. The references need
not be cited in the alphabetical order in which they are listed out. However, it
becomes logical to have citation in the ascending order of the year as far as possible in

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a given section or chapter. You may refer Page no 9 where the specimen page
illustrates the citation of references.
2.5 Appendices
Lengthy derivations, voluminous tables, charts and figures which are likely to disturb
the smooth flow of the thesis/dissertation may be presented in Appendices.

3 Technical
The main write-up comes under this section wherein the following technical things
may be followed through out the report.
3.1 Paper
It is recommended to use Bond paper of A4 size printed either one sided or double
sided in the Portrait orientation. However, lengthy tables, charts and figures can be
represented in landscape orientation, which can be maintained as minimum as
possible. For double sided printing it is better to provide more margins to facilitate
binding.
3.2 Word Processing
It is recommended to follow single column, 1.5 line spacing, 12 Font size, regular and
justified in Times New Roman style. Chapter heading may have 18 Font size, bold in
title case with sections in 16 Font size bold in title case, subsections in 14 Font size
bold in title case and sub-sub sections in 12 Font size bold in title case. Sub-sections
beyond sub-sub sections can be avoided. It is preferred to have the first page of every
new chapter on a fresh sheet (on right hand side in case of double sided printing) with
4 line spacing of 18 bold font sizes. Chapter no to Chapter heading is to be one line
spacing of 18 bold font size followed by the first section with one line spacing of 18
bold font size. All the titles are to be in title case and bold. Please refer the illustration
presented in Page no 9. It may be noted that the citations of Equations, Figures and
Tables are to be done at the nearest point of their citation. The following formats are
to be kept in mind during word processing.

Justified and paragraphs are flushed to the left

Paragraphs need not be indented
Between the paragraphs a running line spacing of 12 font size is preferred.
A paragraph is necessarily to have more than a sentence
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 A line spacing of 12 font size is to be left before and after a section title or
subsection title.
3.2.1 Page Setup
The following page setup may be followed through out.
For single side printing:
Top - 1
Bottom 1
Left 1.2 (for binding margin)
Right - 1
For double sided printing:
Top - 1
Bottom 1
Left 1.2 (for binding margin)
Right 1.2

4 Captions
All tables and figures may be centered. Caption for the table may be just above the
table, while for figures it is just below. Figures and Tables can be numbered based on
the chapter they belong to. e.g. Table 4.3 is the third table in Chapter 4 and
Figure 1.1 is the first figure in Chapter 1. Also refer the illustration presented in
Page no 10. Figures and tables may be cited as Table no and Figure no respectively. It
may be borne in mind that for caption and citation of tables, figures and equations are
to be treated as names

5 Equations
All the equations may be approximately centered. Equation numbers shall be assigned
based on the chapter and they be written in curved parenthesis. e.g. (4.5) identifying
as fifth equation in Chapter 4. While citing the equation, it may be referred as
Equation (4.5). While repeating equations in different chapters, appropriate current
Equation number can be assigned depending upon the chapter where it is getting
repeated. This may necessarily be done with appropriate mention at the relevant place.

6 Pagination
Page numbers may be placed in center. Hindu-Arabic can be used from Chapter 1 to
References. From Approval sheet to List of notations, Roman lower case can be used
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Developed by Dr. V. Mariappan,
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(i.e. i, ii etc.). For Appendices, upper case alpha-numeric such as A11 can be used.
However, Acknowledgements need not bear any page number.

7 Binding
The following are the binding details.
Hard bound in Black colour for BE, Grey for ME and Dark blue for Ph. D
Golden embossing
Front cover
Title title case in preferably 20 Font size, bold
Name of the author -18 font, bold
College logo approximately 2 diameter
Name of the institute Title case, 18 font, bold
Year
All are centered
Side cover
Degree 20 font size
Name of the candidate 20 font size
Year 20 font size

To facilitate the author/candidate, a consolidated specimen sheets are provided in the

subsequent sections in the same sequence in which they are expected to be organized.

Specimen Title Sheet

Title (bold, 18 font, title case, centered)

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Developed by Dr. V. Mariappan,
Faculty, GEC, Farmagudi in September 2003
 Dissertation
Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements
For the degree of (14 font, centered)

Name of the degree (16 font, centered)

by
Name of the candidate (16 font, centered, bold)
(Roll No) - 16 font, centered, bold

Name of Guide(s) - 16 font, centered, bold

College Logo

Department
Name of the Institute-16 font, centered, bold
Goa University - 16 font, centered, bold
(year) - 16 font, centered, bold

Specimen Approval Sheet

Approval Sheet

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Developed by Dr. V. Mariappan,
Faculty, GEC, Farmagudi in September 2003
This is to certify that Shri /Smt/Kum Xxxxxx, bearing Roll no. xxx/xx, has been
admitted to the candidacy of degree (branch) in month-year and he/she has undertaken
the thesis / dissertation entitled xxxxxxxxxxxxxx which is approved for the degree
of BE (branch)/ME (branch)/Ph.D. under Goa University as it is found satisfactory.

Examiners

__________________

__________________

Guide(s)

_____________________

_____________________

Date:_____________
Place:_____________

Illustration for Title Sheet

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Developed by Dr. V. Mariappan,
Faculty, GEC, Farmagudi in September 2003
 Critical Analysis on Technical Education in Goan
Scenario

Dissertation
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
For the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy

by
Prithiv Raghav Goankar
(Roll No. 00419301)

Guide: Prof. A. R. Naik

Co-Guide: Prof. U. J. Amonkar

Department of Mechanical Engineering

College of Engineering, Goa
(Government of Goa)
Goa University
(2004)

Illustration for Word Processing

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Developed by Dr. V. Mariappan,
Faculty, GEC, Farmagudi in September 2003
In the view of Deshpande et al (2002a) the factors, which are assuming considerable
importance in cost effective decision making of operation of any industrial enterprise,
are in the order of significance of liability, safety and environmental conditions.
Hence, PM optimization provides wide opportunities and challenges to everyone
involved in all aspects of operation of industrial enterprise. RCM methodology offers
the best available strategy for PM optimization. Normally RCM is concerned with the
Weibull model represented by the Equation (2.1)

t 1 (t / )
f (t ) e , t 0, 0, 0 (2.1)

It is quite evident from the literature presented in this category that RCM is gaining its
popularity and being applied worldwide. It is good to note that the RCM
system can be built module-wise. However, they do not attempt any
analytical models to make RCM application quite effective.

2.3 Literature on RCM Methodology

RCM process can be discussed in 12 steps to delineate the required information as

delineated by Rausand (1998).
1. Study preparation
2. System selection
3. System description
4. System function and functional failures

However, it was observed by Xie et al (1999) that

Illustration for Tables and Figures

Table 2.2: Life distribution of selected equipments
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Developed by Dr. V. Mariappan,
Faculty, GEC, Farmagudi in September 2003
 Equipment code pdf Parameter
= 0.94
0410VC001 Weibull
= 257.32
= 0.82
0410MX002 Weibull
= 329.52
S = 1.52
0831FA104 Lognormal
t = 80.6%

3.0

2.5

$M
1.5

0.5

Man Radiation Availability

hours exposture
overtime
Figure 2.2: Plant savings per year through implementation of RCM

Illustration for References

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Developed by Dr. V. Mariappan,
Faculty, GEC, Farmagudi in September 2003
1. Chen, L. and Tsai, F. (2001), Fuzzy goal programming with different importance
and priorities, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol 133, pp. 548-
556.
2. Chen, T. and Popova, E. (2002), Maintenance policies with two-dimensional
warranty, Reliability Engineering & System Safety, Vol 77, pp. 61-69.
3. Cheng, K. and Lam, Y. (2001), Reliability bounds on HNBUE life distributions
with known first two moments, European Journal of Operational Research,
Vol 132, pp. 163-175.
4. Christer, A.H. and Lee, C. (2000), Refining the delay-time based PM inspection
model with non-negligible system down time estimates of the expected number
of failures, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol 67, pp. 77-85.
5. Collet, J. and Bon, J.L. (2002), Bracketing of failure path probability in a system
with ageing repair times, Reliability Engineering & System Safety, Vol 76, pp.
139-147.
6. Cooke, F.L. (2000), Implementing TPM in plant maintenance: some
organizational barriers, International Journal of Reliability and Quality
Management, Vol 17 No 9, pp. 1003-1016.
7. Cox, D.R. (1990), Quality and reliability: some recent developments and a
historical perspective, Journal of Operations Research, Vol 42 No 2,
pp. 95-101.
8. Creveling, C.M. (1997), Tolerance Design A handbook for developing optimal
specifications, Addison-Wesley Longman Inc., Canada.
9. Dawsland, K.A. (1993), Simulated Annealing, Reeves, C R (Ed.), A modern
heuristic techniques for combinatorial problems, Orient Longman, Hydrabad,
pp. 20-69.
10. Deb (1998), Optimization for engineering design-algorithms and examples,
Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Illustration for contents

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Developed by Dr. V. Mariappan,
Faculty, GEC, Farmagudi in September 2003
 Contents

Title Page No.

List of Figures vi
List of Tables vii
List of Abbreviations x
List of Notations xii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1 - 10
1.0 Preamble 1
1.1 Reliability and Maintainability Analysis 2
1.1.1 Reliability Analysis 2
1.1.2 Maintainability Analysis 3
1.2 Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) 4
1.2.1 Task Categories 5
1.3 The Problem on Hand 6
1.4 Outline of the Thesis 7
Chapter 2 Literature Review 11 - 46
2.0 Introduction 11
2.1 Maintenance Policies 13
2.2 Literature on RCM 14
2.2.1 The bathtub Curve Fallacy 15
2.2.2 What is RCM? 17
2.2.3 Literature on RCM Applications 18
2.3 Literature on RCM Methodology 24
2.3.1 Literature on Maintenance Policies 25
2.3.2 Literature on Reliability Assessment 31
2.3.3 Literature on Maintenance Significance 35
2.3.4 Literature on Other Related Issues 42
2.4 Conclusion 45

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Faculty, GEC, Farmagudi in September 2003
 Consolidated Specimen sheets

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Developed by Dr. V. Mariappan,
Faculty, GEC, Farmagudi in September 2003